本試卷共10頁(yè), 共100分。考試時(shí)長(zhǎng)90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上, 在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后, 請(qǐng)將答題卡交回。
第一部分: 知識(shí)運(yùn)用 (共兩節(jié), 30分)
第一節(jié) (共10小題; 每小題1.5分, 共15分)
閱讀下面短文, 掌握其大意, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng), 并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
On a bright afternn, Jrdan, Mahir and Mahir’s father gathered at the ft f a muntain. “Hey, Jrdan, ver here!” Jrdan’s best friend, Mahir, waved his hand, pinting t a crack in the side f the muntain. “We culd ____1____ this!”
Jrdan tied his safety harness (系帶) and checked his rpe. He weighed ne f them in his hand, determining its weight. Then he lked fr ____2____ lcatins, cnsidering the difficulty f the task. “That crack is ____3____ narrw. I dn’t think we’d get up very high.”
“At the time f a test, a persn rises r falls.” said Ghanim, Mahir’s dad. Shaking his head in ____4____ ver the freign prverb (諺語(yǔ)), Jrdan examined the crack. It was nthing mre than a sliver in the slid face f the cliff. He shifted in his harness as Mahir gave the prverb his wn explainatin: “If yu’re nt reaching the ____5____, yu’re nt trying hard enugh.” Jrdan recgnized the bit f advice frm a previus climbing lessn.
His wn father’s vice resunded in his thughts, as if in a half-frgtten dream. “Climb a muntain, sn, and yu climb the insecurity in yur wn life. Yu climb ver yur shadw, climb ver yur ____6____.” That was five years ag, befre the autmbile ____7____ that tk his dad’s life. Jrdan’s father swiftly turned his car and effectively ____8____ a car frm ging ver a cliff. The sudden mve had saved the peple in that car. But his father’s car went ff a cliff. ____9____ with the difficult situatin, Jrdan’s dad had never hesitated befre making the decisin.
And nw Jrdan wuldn’t either. ____10____ n his balance, he tk a deep breath and began t climb. Finally, they made it t the peak f the muntain.
1.
A. hikeB. packC. climbD. dive
2.
A. wrthwhileB. pssibleC. uniqueD. immediate
3.
A. effectivelyB. cnvenientlyC. amazinglyD. unbelievably
4.
A. cnfusinB. awarenessC. understandingD. appreciatin
5.
A. agreementB. destinatinC. balanceD. crack
6.
A. shckB. pwerC. dubtD. struggle
7.
A. accidentB. jurneyC. eventD. trap
8.
A. discuragedB. cnnectedC. pulledD. prevented
9.
A. AgreedB. FacedC. EndedD. Gne
10.
A. CncentratingB. DependingC. MvedD. Carrying
第二節(jié) (共10小題; 每小題1.5分, 共15分)
閱讀下列短文, 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~, 在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。
A
語(yǔ)法填空
Temples and ther cultural sites were taken dwn piece by piece and then mved and put back tgether again in a place ____11____ they were safe frm the water. In 1961, German engineers mved the first temple. Over the next 20 years, thusands f engineers and ____12____ (wrk) rescued 22 temples and cuntless cultural relics. Fifty cuntries dnated nearly $ 80 millin t the prject. When the prject ____13____ (end) in 1980, it was cnsidered a great success.
B
語(yǔ)法填空
The 1980s and 1990s were bad times fr the Tibetan antelpe. Hunters were shting antelpes t make prfits. Their habitats were becming ____14____ (small) as new rads and railways were built. In rder t save this species ____15____ extinctin, the Chinese gvernment placed it under natinal prtectin. Vlunteers watched ver the antelpes day and night ____16____ (keep) them safe frm attacks. Bridges and gates were added t let the antelpes mve ____17____ (easy) and keep them safe frm cars and trains.
C
語(yǔ)法填空
Sn after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 sldiers t Tangshan t dig ut thse ____18____ were trapped and t bury the dead. Mre than 10,000 dctrs and nurses came t prvide medical care. Wrkers built shelters fr survivrs whse hmes had been destryed. Hundreds f thusands f peple were helped. Water and fd ____19____ (bring) int the city by train, truck, and plane. Slwly, the city ____20____ (begin) t breathe again. Tangshan started t revive itself and get back up n its feet.
第二部分: 閱讀理解 (共兩節(jié), 38分)
第一節(jié) (共14小題; 每小題2分, 共28分)
閱讀下列短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng), 并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
Dear Mr Lande Bandarage,
Cngratulatins! Yur applicatin t study Bachelr f Infrmatin Technlgy at Victria University (VU) has been successful. I’m pleased t ffer yu the pprtunity t study at VU as an internatinal student.
VU has a lng histry f prviding high-quality educatin, thrugh predecessr (前身) institutins, including the Ftscray Technical Schl which was funded in 1916. In 2016, we prudly celebrated 100 years f histry and ur 25th anniversary (周年慶) as a university.
Tday we have 48,900 students, including ver 9,400 students studying a VU curse at ne f ur partner institutins in China, Malaysia, Vietnam and Singapre.
By selecting VU yu will study at ne f the tp 4% f universities in the wrld. With mre than 24,000 alumni (校友) wrking r residing utside Australia, a qualificatin frm VU will prepare yu fr an internatinal career.
This dcument cntains imprtant infrmatin abut yur curses including csts and yur rights and bligatins. If yu have any questins abut yur ffer, please email intapps@
T accept yur ffer t study at VU, yu must:
1.Read the terms and cnditins f this Letter f Offer very carefully,
2.Sign this Letter f Offer in Sectin 14,
3.Pay the fees in Sectin 8,
4.Return this whle dcument t VU.
Please nte that if this ffer includes ne r mre cnditins fr entry int a curse yu will nt be able t accept it until these cnditins have been met. Any cnditins are specified in Sectin 5 f this letter. We lk frward t welcming yu t Victria University.
Yurs sincerely,
Dimi Christu
Senir Manager, Internatinal Admissins Victria University
21. What is this text?
A. A university ffer.B. A curse advertisement.
C. An applicatin fr a university.D. An invitatin t an alumni event.
22. What d we knw abut VU?
A. It has a 100-year histry as a university.B. It is amng the wrld’s tp universities.
C. It will take in 24,000 internatinal students.D. It has 48,900 students at its partner institutins.
23. Hw shuld Lande send his acceptance reply?
A. By emailing intapps@
B. By reading the terms and writing a new letter t Dimi.
C. By paying the fees and returning the signed dcument t VU.
D. By prviding evidence f his meeting all cnditins in Sectin 8.
B
Chen Guanghui is a guardian fr black-necked cranes (黑頸鶴) in the Dashanba Black-necked Crane Natinal Nature Reserve f Zhatng city, in suthwest China’s Yunnan Prvince. Whistling is the secret language Chen uses t cmmunicate with the black-necked cranes, a type f migratry bird under first-class prtectin in China. She says different whistles signal different things. When she whistles in an increasing tne, she tries t tell the cranes: ask yur cmpanins t cme back fr lunch, and they wuld chirp (吱喳叫) t spread the message right away.
Living near the Dashanba Nature Reserve, a majr winter habitat fr the rare species, Chen started t take care f them in 2003, a missin she tk ver frm her mther, whse devtin dates back t the 1990s. “In the first few days, I remembered they ran away as sn as I apprached them. I was very upset and asked my mm t cme back, and I was wrried they wuld starve,” says Chen. “I first tried everything, even singing flk sngs t attract them, but failed. Later, I used special whistles and gradually frmed clse bnd with the cranes.”
“I treat them as if they were my wn children, and I’m always cncerned abut them, especially during snwy days when they can’t get fd. I feel uncmfrtable and anxius when I hear them chirp and usually rush t prepare crn fr them.” It’s never been an easy jb, and Chen has sustained quite a few injuries ver the years, even falling int frzen marsh (沼澤) while trying t save a trapped crane in 2008. Hwever, she never gave up. With lve and respnsibility, she has persisted in caring fr the cranes fr abut 20 years.
Thanks t the jint prtectin effrts f Chen and staff members at the nature reserve, nw mre than 1,900 black-necked cranes verwinter in the area each seasn every year, up frm abut 300 when the nature reserve was established.
24. Hw des Chen Guanghui cmmunicate with black-necked cranes?
A. By singing flk sngs.B. By making hand gestures.
C. By imitating chirps f birds.D. By blwing special whistles.
25. What d the underlined wrds “a missin” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A. Rescuing injured animals.B. Restring habitats fr rare species.
C. Lking after black-necked cranes.D. Building Dashanba Nature Reserve.
26. What can we learn frm Chen’s stry?
A. Effrts bear fruit.B. Virtue is its wn reward.
C. Frtune favrs the brave.D. A miss is as gd as a mile.
C
Have yu ever had the feeling that yu can’t think when there is t much nise arund? Did yu ever think a fish culd experience that feeling t? A recent paper published in Science titled “Sundscape (聲景) f the Anthrpcene Oceans”, cmbined ver 10,000 scientific papers, cnfirming that undersea life knws that exact same feeling, mre ften than nt. Anthrpgenic (人為的) cean nise, als knwn as underwater nise pllutin, has created a dramatic impact n marine life due t “human-caused” activity within and neighbring ur ceans.
Disney Pixar’s animated film Finding Nem educated us abut the cean, and specifically within the rdinary wrld f a clwn fish. A fact many may nt knw is that clwn fish spend the first part f their lives as larvae (幼體), drifting with the current f the cean until they becme strng enugh t swim against it. Once they are pwerful and strng, they head hme in sheltered cral reefs. There is nly ne drawback-the fish can’t physically see the reef, but they can hear it. The nly prblem is, if they can’t hear it, will they ever make it hme?
Our anthrpgenic cean nise, such as carg ships, ship and bat prpellers (螺旋槳), surfing, deep sea mining, etc. are causing destructin f marine life. Accrding t Time, sund is the sensry signal that travels the farthest thrugh the cean. Anthrpgenic nise drwns ut the natural sundscapes, putting marine life under immense stress. Altgether, this stress then affects their general health, disrupts their behavir, physilgy, reprductin and, in extreme cases, causes death. Marine life can adapt t nise pllutin, hwever, nly if they can escape it. This nly renders further cmplicatins f frcing species t leave their traditinal breeding regins r their families.
Nw, what if we tld yu there is already a slutin? Multiple slutins, ideas and designs are currently in the wrks r already exist t reduce and reverse the damage f anthrpgenic cean nise. As Time explains, frm wind-pwered ships t nise-reducing prpellers, flating wind turbines and “bubble curtains” that muffle cnstructin nise, the slutins are already available and in sme cases, cst-effective. The authrs f the paper hpe it will catch the attentin f plicymakers, wh histrically speaking, have ignred the matter still t this day.
Of all the challenges cean creatures are battling, luckily sund pllutin is the easiest cmprmise (妥協(xié)方案) humans can make. Once the nise has decreased, marine life will be able t better manage everything else it is up against.
27. What d we knw abut “Sundscape f the Anthrpcene Oceans”?
A. It analyses hw sund travels in the cean.
B. It discusses different types f cean pllutin.
C. It explres the effects f nise pllutin n sea life.
D. It studies hw sea animals cmmunicate with each ther.
28. The authr mentins clwn fish in Paragraph 2 t ________.
A. present their life cycles
B. shw hw terrible their living cnditins are
C. intrduce a famus animatin abut the cean wrld
D. stress the imprtance f natural sundscapes t sea life
29. What des the underlined wrd “renders” prbably mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Reduces.B. Causes.C. Slves.D. Prevents.
30. The authr writes the article t ________.
A. publicize the knwledge f sundscape
B. regulate human’s activities n the cean
C. emphasize the imprtance f animal prtectin
D. draw peple’s attentin t anthrpgenic cean nise
D
The issue f hw t feed a grwing ppulatin is a crucial issue fr the 21st century. The issue was high n the agenda (當(dāng)務(wù)之急) at the recent United Natins Climate Change Cnference in Egypt. Accrding t the UN, by 2050, we will need t prduce 60% mre fd t feed a wrld ppulatin f 9.3 billin.
Cambridge Judge Business Schl supprts a number f businesses which aim t prmte sustainable agriculture practices. One f the mst imprtant fields is precisin (精準(zhǔn)) agriculture, the science f imprving crp yields and assisting management decisins using the latest technlgy. Outfield Technlgies is targeted at high value fruit farming. Farmers buy their wn drnes (無人機(jī)), and then the Outfield sftware creates flight plans ver the farm and prcesses the images taken by the drnes.
By cunting the fruit n branches and measuring trees, farmers can see where t apply fertiliser with greater precisin, reducing usage and imprving sil sustainability. Outfield’s sftware can als recmmend where t start harvesting t reduce waste and labur csts. The rising cst f labur glbally has becme a huge issue within the agricultural industry, fr reasns including the shrtage f backpackers (sme f whm becme seasnal wrkers) in New Zealand, and the rise f minimum pay in Suth Africa.
The data gathered by drnes can als predict yields. “Priming” the supply chain ensures a smther jurney frm the farm t fruit bwl in yur hme. When an apple is picked, it is stred in a refrigerated envirnment fr up t six mnths befre being transprted t a pack huse t be washed, srted, packaged, befre being mved t a delivery centre and finally appearing n supermarket shelves. The chain depends heavily n transprtatin, but by predicting yields, Outfield aims t reduce waste as traders can predict fruit levels and reduce greenhuse gases caused by refrigerated strage.
Outfield c-funder Oil Hilburne said, “The agricultural industry needs mre investment t change. Mre mney fr 5G, educatin and investment in start-ups.”
31. What des Outfield Technlgies d fr farmers?
A. It ffers them free flights.
B. It versees farms fr them.
C. It teaches them abut high value fruits.
D. It uses drne-taken images t advertise farms.
32. What labur prblems are different cuntries facing?
A. Pay in Suth Africa is very lw.
B. Suth Africa can’t agree n minimum pay.
C. Backpackers in New Zealand fail t get paid fairly.
D. New Zealand isn’t drawing enugh seasnal wrkers.
33. By gathering data by drne, the Outfield tries t_________.
A. bst the yield f fruitB. make sure the fruit can keep fresh
C. ensure the fruits are transprted timelyD. prvide mre cnvenient services t custmers
34. Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. The future f farmingB. The trend f fruit picking
C. The prmising market f high value fruitsD. The psitive effects f farming n envirnment
第二節(jié) (共5小題; 每小題2分, 共10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng), 并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Many peple enjy spending their vacatins swimming, lying in the sun and staying at luxurius htels. ____35____ They head fr the cuntry, t ne f the numerus United States natinal parks, and take advantage f the fresh air and many utdr activities that nature has t ffer.
“I’m a successful lawyer frm San Francisc” says Gavin Murphy. “____36____ I usually g t Ysemite Natinal Park, where I sleep in a tent, hike, and enjy the peace and quiet.”
____37____ They can g fishing in a cld stream, hiking n a winding nature trail, r biking alng scenic paths. At certain times f the year, guided nature walks and interesting lectures n a variety f tpics are ffered t park guests.
Camping ut des have its disadvantages, hwever. ____38____ Even after the weather clears up, there’s still lts f mud t deal with. The weather can be quite cld at night, and there are always many msquites (蚊子).
Park rangers (護(hù)林員) recmmend that visitrs watch ut fr snakes, whse bites can be pisnus. They stress the fact that it is necessary that fd be kept packed away, s that an unexpected bear desn’t pay an unwelcme visit t sme surprised guests. ____39____ “It might be nice t sit by a swimming pl and sip (小口抿) a drink,” says Tanya Rdriguez, a nature lver, “but nature is really s beautiful, and I’ve met such interesting peple here. Nthing cmpares t a vacatin like this!”
A. If it rains, there is nt much t d.
B. Camping is nt really my cup f tea.
C. But every nce in a while I like t get back t nature.
D. Sme f the visitrs have n experience being in the cuntry.
E. Yet nature lvers cntinue t visit natinal parks year after year.
F. But there are cuntless thers wh prefer a different kind f hliday.
G. Visitrs t natinal parks have a wide variety f activities t chse frm.
第三部分: 書面表達(dá) (共兩節(jié), 32分)
第一節(jié) (共6小題; 每小題2分, 共12分)
根據(jù)中文句子的意思和給出的提示詞語(yǔ), 完成下列英文句子。將答案寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)。
40. 巨大的挑戰(zhàn)有時(shí)候會(huì)帶來偉大的解決方案。(challenge, lead t) （漢譯英）
41. 如果真想拯救地球, 就必須改變我們的生活方式。(save the planet, change ne’s way) （漢譯英）
42. 漢字仍然是中國(guó)文化的一個(gè)重要組成部分。(writing system, Chinese culture) （漢譯英）
43. 因其珍貴的羊毛，藏羚羊正遭受非法獵殺。(Tibetan antelpe, hunt illegally, valuable) (漢譯英)
44. 如果一個(gè)問題對(duì)某一個(gè)國(guó)家來說難度很大, 國(guó)際社會(huì)有時(shí)可提供一個(gè)解決方案。(difficult fr a single natin, glbal cmmunity) （漢譯英）
45. 現(xiàn)代中國(guó)人可以閱讀古代中國(guó)人撰寫的經(jīng)典作品。(mdern/ancient times, classic wrks) (漢譯英)
第二節(jié) (20分)
46. 假設(shè)你是李華，你的英國(guó)朋友Jim最近開始學(xué)習(xí)中文，感覺有些困難，所以給你寫信，希望你能給他一些學(xué)習(xí)中文的建議。請(qǐng)你給他寫一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 你建議及理由；
2. 你的祝愿。
注意: 1. 詞數(shù)100左右， 開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出, 不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；
2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)， 以使行文連貫。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
通州區(qū)2023—2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高一年級(jí)期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)
英語(yǔ)試卷
2024年1月
本試卷共10頁(yè), 共100分。考試時(shí)長(zhǎng)90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上, 在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后, 請(qǐng)將答題卡交回。
第一部分: 知識(shí)運(yùn)用 (共兩節(jié), 30分)
第一節(jié) (共10小題; 每小題1.5分, 共15分)
閱讀下面短文, 掌握其大意, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng), 并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
On a bright afternn, Jrdan, Mahir and Mahir’s father gathered at the ft f a muntain. “Hey, Jrdan, ver here!” Jrdan’s best friend, Mahir, waved his hand, pinting t a crack in the side f the muntain. “We culd ____1____ this!”
Jrdan tied his safety harness (系帶) and checked his rpe. He weighed ne f them in his hand, determining its weight. Then he lked fr ____2____ lcatins, cnsidering the difficulty f the task. “That crack is ____3____ narrw. I dn’t think we’d get up very high.”
“At the time f a test, a persn rises r falls.” said Ghanim, Mahir’s dad. Shaking his head in ____4____ ver the freign prverb (諺語(yǔ)), Jrdan examined the crack. It was nthing mre than a sliver in the slid face f the cliff. He shifted in his harness as Mahir gave the prverb his wn explainatin: “If yu’re nt reaching the ____5____, yu’re nt trying hard enugh.” Jrdan recgnized the bit f advice frm a previus climbing lessn.
His wn father’s vice resunded in his thughts, as if in a half-frgtten dream. “Climb a muntain, sn, and yu climb the insecurity in yur wn life. Yu climb ver yur shadw, climb ver yur ____6____.” That was five years ag, befre the autmbile ____7____ that tk his dad’s life. Jrdan’s father swiftly turned his car and effectively ____8____ a car frm ging ver a cliff. The sudden mve had saved the peple in that car. But his father’s car went ff a cliff. ____9____ with the difficult situatin, Jrdan’s dad had never hesitated befre making the decisin.
And nw Jrdan wuldn’t either. ____10____ n his balance, he tk a deep breath and began t climb. Finally, they made it t the peak f the muntain.
1.
A. hikeB. packC. climbD. dive
2.
A. wrthwhileB. pssibleC. uniqueD. immediate
3.
A. effectivelyB. cnvenientlyC. amazinglyD. unbelievably
4.
A. cnfusinB. awarenessC. understandingD. appreciatin
5.
A. agreementB. destinatinC. balanceD. crack
6.
A. shckB. pwerC. dubtD. struggle
7.
A. accidentB. jurneyC. eventD. trap
8.
A. discuragedB. cnnectedC. pulledD. prevented
9.
A. AgreedB. FacedC. EndedD. Gne
10.
A. CncentratingB. DependingC. MvedD. Carrying
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Jrdan努力爬到山頂和攀登過程中的心理活動(dòng)。
【1題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們可以爬上去！A. hike徒步旅行；B. pack包裝；C. climb爬，攀登；D. dive潛水。根據(jù)前文的“On a bright afternn, Jrdan, Mahir and Mahir’s father gathered at the ft f a muntain. “Hey, Jrdan, ver here!” Jrdan’s best friend, Mahir, waved his hand, pinting t a crack in the side f the muntain.”和后文“That crack is 3 narrw. I dn’t think we’d get up very high”可知，Jrdan、Mahir和Mahir的父親聚集在山腳下，馬希爾指著山邊的一條裂縫，認(rèn)為從那里可以爬上去。故選C項(xiàng)。
【2題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后考慮到任務(wù)的難度，他尋找可能的地點(diǎn)。A. wrthwhile值得的；B. pssible可能的；C. unique獨(dú)特的；D. immediate立即的。根據(jù)前文的“Jrdan tied his safety harness (系帶) and checked his rpe. He weighed ne f them in his hand, determining its weight”和后文的“That crack is 3 narrw. I dn’t think we’d get up very high”可知，Jrdan準(zhǔn)備好攀爬后，尋找那條裂縫的可能的攀爬地點(diǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)。
【3題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：那條裂縫窄得令人難以置信。我覺得我們爬不上去。A. effectively有效地；B. cnveniently方便地；C. amazingly令人驚奇的是；D. unbelievably難以置信地。根據(jù)后文的“I dn’t think we’d get up very high.”和后文的“It was nthing mre than a sliver in the slid face f the cliff”可知，Jrdan得出的結(jié)論為“爬不上去”，那條裂縫就像懸崖堅(jiān)硬的表面上的一根銀條，所以窄得令人難以置信。故選D項(xiàng)。
【4題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Jrdan對(duì)這句外國(guó)諺語(yǔ)感到困惑，搖了搖頭，仔細(xì)檢查了裂縫。A. cnfusin困惑；B. awareness意識(shí)；C. understanding理解；D. appreciatin欣賞。根據(jù)前文的“Shaking his head”和后文“ver the freign prverb”可知，Jrdan搖了搖頭，表明他沒聽懂，感到困惑。故選A項(xiàng)。
5題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你沒有到達(dá)目的地，那是因?yàn)槟氵€不夠努力。A. agreement協(xié)議；B. destinatin目的地；C. balance平衡；D. crack裂紋。根據(jù)前文的“If yu’re nt reaching”和后文“yu’re nt trying hard enugh.”、“Finally, they made it t the peak f the muntain.”可知，因?yàn)槟氵€不夠努力，所以沒有到達(dá)目的地，最后Jrdan他們努力到達(dá)了目的地山頂。故選B項(xiàng)。
【6題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你要爬過你的陰影，爬過你的懷疑。A. shck震驚；B. pwer權(quán)力；C. dubt懷疑；D. struggle奮斗。根據(jù)前文的“I dn’t think we’d get up very high.”和“Climb a muntain, sn, and yu climb the insecurity in yur wn life. Yu climb ver yur shadw”可知，父親鼓勵(lì)Jrdan勇敢前行，所以此處指爬過陰影，爬過懷疑。故選C項(xiàng)。
【7題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那是五年前，在那場(chǎng)奪走他父親生命的車禍之前。A. accident事故；B. jurney旅程；C. event事件；D. trap陷阱。根據(jù)前文的“befre the autmbile”和后文“that tk his dad’s life”可知，Jrdan的父親發(fā)生車禍去世了。故選A項(xiàng)。
【8題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Jrdan的父親迅速轉(zhuǎn)彎，有效地阻止了一輛汽車掉下懸崖。A. discuraged使泄氣；B. cnnected連接；C. pulled拉；D. prevented阻止。根據(jù)前文的“Jrdan’s father swiftly turned his car”可知，Jrdan的父親迅速轉(zhuǎn)彎，從而阻止了一輛汽車掉下懸崖。故選D項(xiàng)。
【9題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：面對(duì)困境，Jrdan的父親毫不猶豫地做出了決定。A. Agreed (with)同意；B. Faced (with)面對(duì)；C. Ended (with)以……結(jié)束；D. Gne (with)與……一起存在。根據(jù)前文的“Jrdan’s father swiftly turned his car and effectively 8 a car frm ging ver a cliff. The sudden mve had saved the peple in that car. But his father’s car went ff a cliff.”可知，Jrdan的父親迅速轉(zhuǎn)彎，有效地阻止了一輛汽車掉下懸崖，可知他當(dāng)時(shí)面對(duì)困境。故選B項(xiàng)。
【10題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他集中精力保持平衡，深吸了一口氣，開始往上爬。A. Cncentrating (n)集中注意力于；B. Depending (n)依靠；C. Mved (n)離開，繼續(xù)前進(jìn)；D. Carrying (n)繼續(xù)。根據(jù)后文的“n his balance, he tk a deep breath and began t climb. Finally, they made it t the peak f the muntain.”可知，他們到達(dá)了山頂，因?yàn)樗芯Ρ３制胶?。故選A項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié) (共10小題; 每小題1.5分, 共15分)
閱讀下列短文, 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~, 在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。
A
語(yǔ)法填空
Temples and ther cultural sites were taken dwn piece by piece, and then mved and put back tgether again in a place ____11____ they were safe frm the water. In 1961, German engineers mved the first temple. Over the next 20 years, thusands f engineers and ____12____ (wrk) rescued 22 temples and cuntless cultural relics. Fifty cuntries dnated nearly $ 80 millin t the prject. When the prject ____13____ (end) in 1980, it was cnsidered a great success.
【答案】11. where
12. wrkers
13. ended
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人們挽救文化遺址的措施。
【11題詳解】
考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：寺廟和其他文化遺址被一塊一塊地拆除，然后移動(dòng)并重新組裝在一個(gè)安全的地方。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本空引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是place，關(guān)系詞代替先行詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。故填where。
【12題詳解】
考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：1961年，德國(guó)工程師遷移了第一座神廟。在接下來的20年里，成千上萬(wàn)的工程師和工人拯救了22座寺廟和無數(shù)的文物。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本空填名詞wrker“工人”，結(jié)合空前的thusands f可知，工人不止一個(gè)，應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，作主語(yǔ)。故填wrkers。
【13題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目在1980年結(jié)束時(shí)，它被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)巨大的成功。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in 1980可知事情發(fā)生在過去，故時(shí)態(tài)用一般過去時(shí)，用end“結(jié)束”的過去式。故填ended。
B
語(yǔ)法填空
The 1980s and 1990s were bad times fr the Tibetan antelpe. Hunters were shting antelpes t make prfits. Their habitats were becming ____14____ (small) as new rads and railways were built. In rder t save this species ____15____ extinctin, the Chinese gvernment placed it under natinal prtectin. Vlunteers watched ver the antelpes day and night ____16____ (keep) them safe frm attacks. Bridges and gates were added t let the antelpes mve ____17____ (easy) and keep them safe frm cars and trains.
【答案】14. smaller
15. frm 16. t keep
17. easily
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了20世紀(jì)80年代和90年代藏羚羊所面臨的困境，包括被獵殺和棲息地減少等問題，以及中國(guó)政府和志愿者為了保護(hù)藏羚羊所采取的措施。
【14題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：隨著新公路和鐵路的修建，它們的棲息地變得越來越小?？涨笆窍祫?dòng)詞，所以空處應(yīng)填形容詞作表語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意，此處表達(dá)“越來越小”之意，應(yīng)用比較級(jí)。故填smaller。
【15題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：為了拯救這個(gè)物種免于滅絕，中國(guó)政府將其列為國(guó)家保護(hù)動(dòng)物。此處是固定搭配：save frm意為“使免受”。故填frm。
【16題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：志愿者們?nèi)找箍词刂@些羚羊，保護(hù)它們免受襲擊。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞watched，所以keep用非謂語(yǔ)形式，根據(jù)句意，此處表目的，用不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填t keep。
17題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：為了讓羚羊更容易移動(dòng)，并使它們遠(yuǎn)離汽車和火車，人們?cè)黾恿藰蛄汉痛箝T?？仗幮揎椏涨暗膭?dòng)詞mve，用副詞easily修飾。故填easily。
C
語(yǔ)法填空
Sn after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 sldiers t Tangshan t dig ut thse ____18____ were trapped and t bury the dead. Mre than 10,000 dctrs and nurses came t prvide medical care. Wrkers built shelters fr survivrs whse hmes had been destryed. Hundreds f thusands f peple were helped. Water and fd ____19____ (bring) int the city by train, truck, and plane. Slwly, the city ____20____ (begin) t breathe again. Tangshan started t revive itself and get back up n its feet.
【答案】18. wh
19. were brught
20. began
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章簡(jiǎn)述了唐山地震后的重建工作。
【18題詳解】
考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：地震發(fā)生后不久，軍隊(duì)派了15萬(wàn)士兵到唐山去挖出被困的人并埋葬死者。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞thse，從句缺少主語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系代詞wh，故填wh。
【19題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：水和食物通過火車、卡車和飛機(jī)運(yùn)進(jìn)這個(gè)城市。分析句子可知，bring作謂語(yǔ)，與主語(yǔ)Water and fd是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，文章描述過去發(fā)生的事情，用一般過去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，故填were brught。
【20題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：慢慢地，這座城市開始又恢復(fù)生機(jī)。講述過去發(fā)生的故事，用一般過去時(shí)，空格處是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，填入過去式。故填began。
第二部分: 閱讀理解 (共兩節(jié), 38分)
第一節(jié) (共14小題; 每小題2分, 共28分)
閱讀下列短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng), 并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
Dear Mr Lande Bandarage,
Cngratulatins! Yur applicatin t study Bachelr f Infrmatin Technlgy at Victria University (VU) has been successful. I’m pleased t ffer yu the pprtunity t study at VU as an internatinal student.
VU has a lng histry f prviding high-quality educatin, thrugh predecessr (前身) institutins, including the Ftscray Technical Schl which was funded in 1916. In 2016, we prudly celebrated 100 years f histry and ur 25th anniversary (周年慶) as a university.
Tday we have 48,900 students, including ver 9,400 students studying a VU curse at ne f ur partner institutins in China, Malaysia, Vietnam and Singapre.
By selecting VU yu will study at ne f the tp 4% f universities in the wrld. With mre than 24,000 alumni (校友) wrking r residing utside Australia, a qualificatin frm VU will prepare yu fr an internatinal career.
This dcument cntains imprtant infrmatin abut yur curses including csts and yur rights and bligatins. If yu have any questins abut yur ffer, please email intapps@
T accept yur ffer t study at VU, yu must:
1.Read the terms and cnditins f this Letter f Offer very carefully,
2.Sign this Letter f Offer in Sectin 14,
3.Pay the fees in Sectin 8,
4.Return this whle dcument t VU.
Please nte that if this ffer includes ne r mre cnditins fr entry int a curse, yu will nt be able t accept it until these cnditins have been met. Any cnditins are specified in Sectin 5 f this letter. We lk frward t welcming yu t Victria University.
Yurs sincerely,
Dimi Christu
Senir Manager, Internatinal Admissins Victria University
21. What is this text?
A. A university ffer.B. A curse advertisement.
C. An applicatin fr a university.D. An invitatin t an alumni event.
22. What d we knw abut VU?
A. It has a 100-year histry as a university.B. It is amng the wrld’s tp universities.
C. It will take in 24,000 internatinal students.D. It has 48,900 students at its partner institutins.
23. Hw shuld Lande send his acceptance reply?
A. By emailing intapps@
B. By reading the terms and writing a new letter t Dimi.
C. By paying the fees and returning the signed dcument t VU.
D. By prviding evidence f his meeting all cnditins in Sectin 8.
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一封大學(xué)錄取通知書。
【21題詳解】
推理判斷題。由正文第一段“Cngratulatins! Yur applicatin t study Bachelr f Infrmatin Technlgy at Victria University (VU) has been successful. I’m pleased t ffer yu the pprtunity t study at VU as an internatinal student. (恭喜你！你在維多利亞大學(xué)攻讀信息技術(shù)學(xué)士學(xué)位的申請(qǐng)已經(jīng)成功。我很高興為您提供在VU學(xué)習(xí)的國(guó)際學(xué)生的機(jī)會(huì)。)”可知，這是一封大學(xué)錄取通知書。故選A。
【22題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段中“By selecting VU yu will study at ne f the tp 4% f universities in the wrld. (通過選擇VU，您將在世界上排名前4%的大學(xué)之一學(xué)習(xí)。)”可知，UV是世界頂尖大學(xué)之一。故選B。
【23題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由正文倒數(shù)第三段“3. Pay the fees in Sectin 8 (3.支付第8條的費(fèi)用)”和倒數(shù)第二段“4. Return this whle dcument t VU. (4. 把整份文件返還給VU。)”可知，如果蘭德接受的話，他應(yīng)該支付費(fèi)用并將簽署的文件返還給VU。故選C。
B
Chen Guanghui is a guardian fr black-necked cranes (黑頸鶴) in the Dashanba Black-necked Crane Natinal Nature Reserve f Zhatng city, in suthwest China’s Yunnan Prvince. Whistling is the secret language Chen uses t cmmunicate with the black-necked cranes, a type f migratry bird under first-class prtectin in China. She says different whistles signal different things. When she whistles in an increasing tne, she tries t tell the cranes: ask yur cmpanins t cme back fr lunch, and they wuld chirp (吱喳叫) t spread the message right away.
Living near the Dashanba Nature Reserve, a majr winter habitat fr the rare species, Chen started t take care f them in 2003, a missin she tk ver frm her mther, whse devtin dates back t the 1990s. “In the first few days, I remembered they ran away as sn as I apprached them. I was very upset and asked my mm t cme back, and I was wrried they wuld starve,” says Chen. “I first tried everything, even singing flk sngs t attract them, but failed. Later, I used special whistles and gradually frmed clse bnd with the cranes.”
“I treat them as if they were my wn children, and I’m always cncerned abut them, especially during snwy days when they can’t get fd. I feel uncmfrtable and anxius when I hear them chirp and usually rush t prepare crn fr them.” It’s never been an easy jb, and Chen has sustained quite a few injuries ver the years, even falling int frzen marsh (沼澤) while trying t save a trapped crane in 2008. Hwever, she never gave up. With lve and respnsibility, she has persisted in caring fr the cranes fr abut 20 years.
Thanks t the jint prtectin effrts f Chen and staff members at the nature reserve, nw mre than 1,900 black-necked cranes verwinter in the area each seasn every year, up frm abut 300 when the nature reserve was established.
24. Hw des Chen Guanghui cmmunicate with black-necked cranes?
A. By singing flk sngs.B. By making hand gestures.
C. By imitating chirps f birds.D. By blwing special whistles.
25. What d the underlined wrds “a missin” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A. Rescuing injured animals.B. Restring habitats fr rare species.
C. Lking after black-necked cranes.D. Building Dashanba Nature Reserve.
26. What can we learn frm Chen’s stry?
A. Effrts bear fruit.B. Virtue is its wn reward.
C. Frtune favrs the brave.D. A miss is as gd as a mile.
【答案】24 D 25. C 26. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了陳光慧付出愛和努力，多年來堅(jiān)持照顧國(guó)家一級(jí)保護(hù)候鳥黑頸鶴的故事。
【24題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Whistling is the secret language Chen uses t cmmunicate with the black-necked cranes, a type f migratry bird under first-class prtectin in China. She says different whistles signal different things. When she whistles in an increasing tne, she tries t tell the cranes: ask yur cmpanins t cme back fr lunch, and they wuld chirp (吱喳叫) t spread the message right away. (口哨是陳用來與黑頸鶴交流的秘密語(yǔ)言，黑頸鶴是中國(guó)一級(jí)保護(hù)候鳥。她說，不同的哨聲發(fā)出不同的信號(hào)。當(dāng)她以越來越高的音調(diào)吹口哨時(shí)，她試圖告訴鶴：叫你的同伴回來吃午飯，它們會(huì)唧唧喳喳，立即傳播這個(gè)信息)”可知，陳光慧通過吹出特殊的口哨聲來和黑頸鶴交流。故選D項(xiàng)。
【25題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞的上文“Living near the Dashanba Nature Reserve, a majr winter habitat fr the rare species, Chen started t take care f them in 2003 (陳生活在大山包自然保護(hù)區(qū)附近，這是稀有物種的主要冬季棲息地，2003年她開始照顧它們)”和下文“she tk ver frm her mther, whse devtin dates back t the 1990s (她是從她婆婆手中接過的，她婆婆的奉獻(xiàn)可以追溯到20世紀(jì)90年代)”可推知，畫線詞指的是從婆婆手中接過的照顧黑頸鶴的任務(wù)。故選C項(xiàng)。
【26題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thanks t the jint prtectin effrts f Chen and staff members at the nature reserve, nw mre than 1,900 black-necked cranes verwinter in the area each seasn every year, up frm abut 300 when the nature reserve was established. (在陳和自然保護(hù)區(qū)工作人員的共同保護(hù)下，現(xiàn)在每年每個(gè)季節(jié)都有1900多只黑頸鶴在這里越冬，而自然保護(hù)區(qū)建立時(shí)只有300只左右)”可知，陳光慧對(duì)黑頸鶴付出的愛和責(zé)任得到了回報(bào)，自然保護(hù)區(qū)內(nèi)越冬的黑頸鶴數(shù)量增加了。因此，通過陳光慧的故事我們可以領(lǐng)悟到“努力會(huì)有成果”的道理。故選A項(xiàng)。
C
Have yu ever had the feeling that yu can’t think when there is t much nise arund? Did yu ever think a fish culd experience that feeling t? A recent paper published in Science titled “Sundscape (聲景) f the Anthrpcene Oceans”, cmbined ver 10,000 scientific papers, cnfirming that undersea life knws that exact same feeling, mre ften than nt. Anthrpgenic (人為的) cean nise, als knwn as underwater nise pllutin, has created a dramatic impact n marine life due t “human-caused” activity within and neighbring ur ceans.
Disney Pixar’s animated film Finding Nem educated us abut the cean, and specifically within the rdinary wrld f a clwn fish. A fact many may nt knw is that clwn fish spend the first part f their lives as larvae (幼體), drifting with the current f the cean until they becme strng enugh t swim against it. Once they are pwerful and strng, they head hme in sheltered cral reefs. There is nly ne drawback-the fish can’t physically see the reef, but they can hear it. The nly prblem is, if they can’t hear it, will they ever make it hme?
Our anthrpgenic cean nise, such as carg ships, ship and bat prpellers (螺旋槳), surfing, deep sea mining, etc. are causing destructin f marine life. Accrding t Time, sund is the sensry signal that travels the farthest thrugh the cean. Anthrpgenic nise drwns ut the natural sundscapes, putting marine life under immense stress. Altgether, this stress then affects their general health, disrupts their behavir, physilgy, reprductin and, in extreme cases, causes death. Marine life can adapt t nise pllutin, hwever, nly if they can escape it. This nly renders further cmplicatins f frcing species t leave their traditinal breeding regins r their families.
Nw, what if we tld yu there is already a slutin? Multiple slutins, ideas and designs are currently in the wrks r already exist t reduce and reverse the damage f anthrpgenic cean nise. As Time explains, frm wind-pwered ships t nise-reducing prpellers, flating wind turbines and “bubble curtains” that muffle cnstructin nise, the slutins are already available and in sme cases, cst-effective. The authrs f the paper hpe it will catch the attentin f plicymakers, wh histrically speaking, have ignred the matter still t this day.
Of all the challenges cean creatures are battling, luckily sund pllutin is the easiest cmprmise (妥協(xié)方案) humans can make. Once the nise has decreased, marine life will be able t better manage everything else it is up against.
27. What d we knw abut “Sundscape f the Anthrpcene Oceans”?
A. It analyses hw sund travels in the cean.
B. It discusses different types f cean pllutin.
C. It explres the effects f nise pllutin n sea life.
D. It studies hw sea animals cmmunicate with each ther.
28. The authr mentins clwn fish in Paragraph 2 t ________.
A. present their life cycles
B. shw hw terrible their living cnditins are
C. intrduce a famus animatin abut the cean wrld
D. stress the imprtance f natural sundscapes t sea life
29. What des the underlined wrd “renders” prbably mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Reduces.B. Causes.C. Slves.D. Prevents.
30. The authr writes the article t ________.
A. publicize the knwledge f sundscape
B. regulate human’s activities n the cean
C. emphasize the imprtance f animal prtectin
D. draw peple’s attentin t anthrpgenic cean nise
【答案】27. C 28. D 29. B 30. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人為的海洋噪聲也稱為水下噪聲污染，探索了人為活動(dòng)對(duì)海洋生物的影響。
【27題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Anthrpgenic (人為的) cean nise, als knwn as underwater nise pllutin, has created a dramatic impact n marine life due t “human-caused” activity within and neighbring ur ceans. (由于在我們的海洋內(nèi)部和鄰近的海洋“人類造成的”活動(dòng)，人為的海洋噪音，也被稱為水下噪音污染，已經(jīng)對(duì)海洋生物產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。)”可知，人類海洋聲景探索人為活動(dòng)對(duì)海洋生物的影響。故選C項(xiàng)。
【28題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“A fact many may nt knw is that clwn fish spend the first part f their lives as larvae (幼體), drifting with the current f the cean until they becme strng enugh t swim against it. Once they are pwerful and strng, they head hme in sheltered cral reefs. There is nly ne drawback-the fish can’t physically see the reef, but they can hear it. The nly prblem is, if they can’t hear it, will they ever make it hme?(許多人可能不知道的一個(gè)事實(shí)是，小丑魚生命的前半部分是作為幼蟲度過的，它們隨著洋流漂流，直到它們變得足夠強(qiáng)壯，可以逆流而上。一旦它們變得強(qiáng)壯有力，它們就會(huì)回到隱蔽的珊瑚礁中。只有一個(gè)缺點(diǎn)——魚看不到礁石，但它們能聽到。唯一的問題是，如果他們聽不到，他們還能回家嗎？)”可知，小丑魚是通過聲音來尋找回家的路，說明了海底生物對(duì)聲音的依賴性。由此推知，列舉小丑魚是強(qiáng)調(diào)了自然的聲景對(duì)海底生物是十分重要的。故選D項(xiàng)。
【29題詳解】
詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)所劃單詞前一句“Marine life can adapt t nise pllutin, hwever, nly if they can escape it.(然而，海洋生物只有在能夠逃脫噪音污染的情況下才能適應(yīng)噪音污染。)”和和劃線詞后“further cmplicatins f frcing species t leave their traditinal breeding regins r their families. (迫使物種離開傳統(tǒng)繁殖區(qū)或其家族的進(jìn)一步復(fù)雜化)”可推出，“物種離它們的傳統(tǒng)繁殖地更遠(yuǎn)或者與它們家族分離的情況更加嚴(yán)重”是噪音污染引起的結(jié)果，所以renders意思是“引起，造成”。A. Reduces減少；B. Causes引起，造成；C. Slves解決；D. Prevents預(yù)防。故選B項(xiàng)。
【30題詳解】
推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Anthrpgenic (人為的) cean nise, als knwn as underwater nise pllutin, has created a dramatic impact n marine life due t “human-caused” activity within and neighbring ur ceans. (由于在我們的海洋內(nèi)部和鄰近的海洋“人類造成的”活動(dòng)，人為的海洋噪音，也被稱為水下噪音污染，已經(jīng)對(duì)海洋生物產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。)”和最后一段的“Once the nise has decreased, marine life will be able t better manage everything else it is up against.(一旦噪音減少，海洋生物將能夠更好地應(yīng)對(duì)它們所面臨的一切)”可知，文章主要介紹了人為的海洋噪聲也稱為水下噪聲污染，探索了人為活動(dòng)對(duì)海洋生物的影響。由此推知，作者寫這篇文章是為了引起人們對(duì)人為海洋噪聲的關(guān)注。故選D項(xiàng)。
D
The issue f hw t feed a grwing ppulatin is a crucial issue fr the 21st century. The issue was high n the agenda (當(dāng)務(wù)之急) at the recent United Natins Climate Change Cnference in Egypt. Accrding t the UN, by 2050, we will need t prduce 60% mre fd t feed a wrld ppulatin f 9.3 billin.
Cambridge Judge Business Schl supprts a number f businesses which aim t prmte sustainable agriculture practices. One f the mst imprtant fields is precisin (精準(zhǔn)) agriculture, the science f imprving crp yields and assisting management decisins using the latest technlgy. Outfield Technlgies is targeted at high value fruit farming. Farmers buy their wn drnes (無人機(jī)), and then the Outfield sftware creates flight plans ver the farm and prcesses the images taken by the drnes.
By cunting the fruit n branches and measuring trees, farmers can see where t apply fertiliser with greater precisin, reducing usage and imprving sil sustainability. Outfield’s sftware can als recmmend where t start harvesting t reduce waste and labur csts. The rising cst f labur glbally has becme a huge issue within the agricultural industry, fr reasns including the shrtage f backpackers (sme f whm becme seasnal wrkers) in New Zealand, and the rise f minimum pay in Suth Africa.
The data gathered by drnes can als predict yields. “Priming” the supply chain ensures a smther jurney frm the farm t fruit bwl in yur hme. When an apple is picked, it is stred in a refrigerated envirnment fr up t six mnths befre being transprted t a pack huse t be washed, srted, packaged, befre being mved t a delivery centre and finally appearing n supermarket shelves. The chain depends heavily n transprtatin, but by predicting yields, Outfield aims t reduce waste as traders can predict fruit levels and reduce greenhuse gases caused by refrigerated strage.
Outfield c-funder Oil Hilburne said, “The agricultural industry needs mre investment t change. Mre mney fr 5G, educatin and investment in start-ups.”
31. What des Outfield Technlgies d fr farmers?
A. It ffers them free flights.
B. It versees farms fr them.
C. It teaches them abut high value fruits.
D. It uses drne-taken images t advertise farms.
32. What labur prblems are different cuntries facing?
A. Pay in Suth Africa is very lw.
B. Suth Africa can’t agree n minimum pay.
C. Backpackers in New Zealand fail t get paid fairly.
D. New Zealand isn’t drawing enugh seasnal wrkers.
33. By gathering data by drne, the Outfield tries t_________.
A. bst the yield f fruitB. make sure the fruit can keep fresh
C. ensure the fruits are transprted timelyD. prvide mre cnvenient services t custmers
34. Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. The future f farmingB. The trend f fruit picking
C. The prmising market f high value fruitsD. The psitive effects f farming n envirnment
【答案】31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了全球人口增長(zhǎng)帶來的糧食問題，以及如何通過精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)等可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)踐來解決這個(gè)問題。
【31題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“By cunting the fruit n branches and measuring trees, farmers can see where t apply fertiliser with greater precisin, reducing usage and imprving sil sustainability. Outfield’s sftware can als recmmend where t start harvesting t reduce waste and labur csts.(通過計(jì)算樹枝上的果實(shí)和測(cè)量樹木，農(nóng)民可以更精確地看到哪里需要施肥，從而減少使用量并提高土壤可持續(xù)性。Outfield的軟件還可以推薦從哪里開始收割，以減少浪費(fèi)和勞動(dòng)力成本)”可知，Outfield Technlgies為農(nóng)民監(jiān)管農(nóng)場(chǎng)。故選B項(xiàng)。
【32題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“The rising cst f labur glbally has becme a huge issue within the agricultural industry, fr reasns including the shrtage f backpackers (sme f whm becme seasnal wrkers) in New Zealand, and the rise f minimum pay in Suth Africa.(全球勞動(dòng)力成本的上升已成為農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)中的一個(gè)巨大問題，原因包括新西蘭背包客（其中一些人成為季節(jié)性工人）的短缺和南非最低工資的上漲)”可推知，新西蘭沒有吸引足夠的季節(jié)工。故選D項(xiàng)。
【33題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“The data gathered by drnes can als predict yields. “Priming” the supply chain ensures a smther jurney frm the farm t fruit bwl in yur hme. When an apple is picked, it is stred in a refrigerated envirnment fr up t six mnths befre being transprted t a pack huse t be washed, srted, packaged, befre being mved t a delivery centre and finally appearing n supermarket shelves. The chain depends heavily n transprtatin, but by predicting yields, Outfield aims t reduce waste as traders can predict fruit levels and reduce greenhuse gases caused by refrigerated strage.(無人機(jī)收集的數(shù)據(jù)還可以預(yù)測(cè)產(chǎn)量。“啟動(dòng)”供應(yīng)鏈確保了從農(nóng)場(chǎng)到你家中果盤的順暢旅程。當(dāng)蘋果被采摘時(shí)，它會(huì)被儲(chǔ)存在冷藏環(huán)境中長(zhǎng)達(dá)六個(gè)月，然后被運(yùn)送到包裝廠進(jìn)行清洗、分類、包裝，再被送到配送中心，最終出現(xiàn)在超市貨架上。這個(gè)鏈條嚴(yán)重依賴運(yùn)輸，但通過預(yù)測(cè)產(chǎn)量，Outfield旨在減少浪費(fèi)，因?yàn)榻灰渍呖梢灶A(yù)測(cè)水果的數(shù)量并減少冷藏儲(chǔ)存產(chǎn)生的溫室氣體)”可知，通過無人機(jī)收集數(shù)據(jù)，Outfield試圖保證水果及時(shí)運(yùn)輸。故選C項(xiàng)。
【34題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Cambridge Judge Business Schl supprts a number f businesses which aim t prmte sustainable agriculture practices. One f the mst imprtant fields is precisin (精準(zhǔn)) agriculture, the science f imprving crp yields and assisting management decisins using the latest technlgy.(劍橋大學(xué)賈吉商學(xué)院支持許多旨在促進(jìn)可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)踐的企業(yè)。其中最重要的領(lǐng)域之一是精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)，這是一門利用最新技術(shù)提高作物產(chǎn)量和協(xié)助管理決策的科學(xué))”以及縱觀全文可知，這篇文章討論了使用技術(shù)（如無人機(jī)和精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)）來提高作物產(chǎn)量、減少浪費(fèi)和解決農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域的勞工問題。這些主題都與農(nóng)業(yè)的未來以及技術(shù)進(jìn)步如何改變農(nóng)業(yè)緊密相關(guān)。由此可知，A項(xiàng)“The future f farming(農(nóng)業(yè)的未來)”適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié) (共5小題; 每小題2分, 共10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng), 并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Many peple enjy spending their vacatins swimming, lying in the sun and staying at luxurius htels. ____35____ They head fr the cuntry, t ne f the numerus United States natinal parks, and take advantage f the fresh air and many utdr activities that nature has t ffer.
“I’m a successful lawyer frm San Francisc,” says Gavin Murphy. “____36____ I usually g t Ysemite Natinal Park, where I sleep in a tent, hike, and enjy the peace and quiet.”
____37____ They can g fishing in a cld stream, hiking n a winding nature trail, r biking alng scenic paths. At certain times f the year, guided nature walks and interesting lectures n a variety f tpics are ffered t park guests.
Camping ut des have its disadvantages, hwever. ____38____ Even after the weather clears up, there’s still lts f mud t deal with. The weather can be quite cld at night, and there are always many msquites (蚊子).
Park rangers (護(hù)林員) recmmend that visitrs watch ut fr snakes, whse bites can be pisnus. They stress the fact that it is necessary that fd be kept packed away, s that an unexpected bear desn’t pay an unwelcme visit t sme surprised guests. ____39____ “It might be nice t sit by a swimming pl and sip (小口抿) a drink,” says Tanya Rdriguez, a nature lver, “but nature is really s beautiful, and I’ve met such interesting peple here. Nthing cmpares t a vacatin like this!”
A. If it rains, there is nt much t d.
B. Camping is nt really my cup f tea.
C. But every nce in a while I like t get back t nature.
D. Sme f the visitrs have n experience being in the cuntry.
E. Yet, nature lvers cntinue t visit natinal parks year after year.
F But there are cuntless thers wh prefer a different kind f hliday.
G. Visitrs t natinal parks have a wide variety f activities t chse frm.
【答案】35. F 36. C 37. G 38. A 39. E
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講野外活動(dòng)的益處和注意事項(xiàng)。
【35題詳解】
由上文“Many peple enjy spending their vacatins swimming, lying in the sun and staying at luxurius htels.(許多人喜歡在假期里游泳、曬太陽(yáng)和住在豪華酒店。)”可知，這里講一些人對(duì)假期的選擇。F項(xiàng)But there are cuntless thers wh prefer a different kind f hliday.(但還有無數(shù)其他人更喜歡不同類型的假期)符合語(yǔ)境，其中but與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折，且本句也有啟下作用。故選F項(xiàng)。
【36題詳解】
由下文“I usually g t Ysemite Natinal Park, where I sleep in a tent, hike, and enjy the peace and quiet.(我通常去Ysemite國(guó)家公園，在那里我睡在帳篷里，徒步旅行，享受寧?kù)o。)”可知，這里講Gavin Murphy喜歡去大自然中旅行，C項(xiàng)But every nce in a while I like t get back t nature.(但每隔一段時(shí)間我就喜歡回到大自然。)符合語(yǔ)境，其中g(shù)et back t nature有啟下作用。故選C項(xiàng)。
【37題詳解】
由下文“They can g fishing in a cld stream, hiking n a winding nature trail, r biking alng scenic paths. At certain times f the year, guided nature walks and interesting lectures n a variety f tpics are ffered t park guests.(他們可以在寒冷的溪流中釣魚，在蜿蜒的自然步道上徒步旅行，或者沿著風(fēng)景優(yōu)美的小路騎自行車。在一年中的某些時(shí)候，公園會(huì)為游客提供有導(dǎo)游的自然漫步和各種主題的有趣講座。)”可知，這里主要講戶外游客可以參加很多活動(dòng)。G項(xiàng)Visitrs t natinal parks have a wide variety f activities t chse frm.(國(guó)家公園的游客有各種各樣的活動(dòng)可供選擇。)符合語(yǔ)境，其中a wide variety f activities和后文活動(dòng)內(nèi)容對(duì)應(yīng)，有啟下作用。故選G項(xiàng)。
【38題詳解】
由下文“Even after the weather clears up, there’s still lts f mud t deal with. The weather can be quite cld at night, and there are always many msquites (蚊子).(即使天氣轉(zhuǎn)晴，仍有很多泥要處理。晚上的天氣可能很冷，而且總是有很多蚊子。)”可知，這里主要講雨后露營(yíng)的缺點(diǎn)。A項(xiàng)If it rains, there is nt much t d.(如果下雨，就沒什么可做的了。)符合語(yǔ)境，其中rains和后文lts f mud對(duì)應(yīng)，有啟下作用。故選A項(xiàng)。
【39題詳解】
由上文“Park rangers (護(hù)林員) recmmend that visitrs watch ut fr snakes, whse bites can be pisnus. They stress the fact that it is necessary that fd be kept packed away, s that an unexpected bear desn’t pay an unwelcme visit t sme surprised guests. (公園管理員建議游客注意蛇，因?yàn)樯叩亩ＲЭ赡苡卸?。他們?qiáng)調(diào)，有必要把食物收起來，這樣一只意想不到的熊就不會(huì)對(duì)一些驚訝的客人進(jìn)行不受歡迎的訪問。)”和下文““It might be nice t sit by a swimming pl and sip (小口抿) a drink,” says Tanya Rdriguez, a nature lver, “but nature is really s beautiful, and I’ve met such interesting peple here. Nthing cmpares t a vacatin like this!”(“坐在泳池邊喝一杯可能很好，”熱愛大自然的Tanya Rdriguez說，“但大自然真的很美，我在這里遇到了很多有趣的人。沒有什么能比得上這樣的假期!”)”可知，雖然在公園露營(yíng)有危險(xiǎn)，但游客們還是不斷來這里，因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)诖笞匀恢畜w會(huì)到了有趣事、遇到了有趣的人，E項(xiàng)Yet, nature lvers cntinue t visit natinal parks year after year.(然而，自然愛好者年復(fù)一年地繼續(xù)參觀國(guó)家公園。)符合語(yǔ)境，其中Yet讓前后文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選E項(xiàng)。
第三部分: 書面表達(dá) (共兩節(jié), 32分)
第一節(jié) (共6小題; 每小題2分, 共12分)
根據(jù)中文句子的意思和給出的提示詞語(yǔ), 完成下列英文句子。將答案寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)。
40. 巨大的挑戰(zhàn)有時(shí)候會(huì)帶來偉大的解決方案。(challenge, lead t) （漢譯英）
【答案】Big challenges can smetimes lead t great slutins
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞和名詞。分析句子可知，表示“巨大的挑戰(zhàn)”應(yīng)用big challenges，在本句中作主語(yǔ)；表示“有時(shí)候”應(yīng)用smetimes，為副詞，在本句中作狀語(yǔ)；表示“帶來”應(yīng)用lead t，為固定搭配，在本句中作謂語(yǔ)；表示“偉大的解決方案”應(yīng)用great slutins，在本句中作賓語(yǔ)。故翻譯為Big challenges can smetimes lead t great slutins.
41. 如果真想拯救地球, 就必須改變我們的生活方式。(save the planet, change ne’s way) （漢譯英）
【答案】If we really want t save the planet, we must change ur way f life.
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞、名詞和條件狀語(yǔ)從句。分析句子可知，這里時(shí)態(tài)可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示“如果真想拯救地球”應(yīng)用if we really want t save the planet，為條件狀語(yǔ)從句；表示“就必須改變我們的生活方式”應(yīng)用句子we must change ur way f life。故翻譯為If we really want t save the planet, we must change ur way f life.
42. 漢字仍然是中國(guó)文化的一個(gè)重要組成部分。(writing system, Chinese culture) （漢譯英）
【答案】The Chinese writing system is still an imprtant part f Chinese culture.
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞、副詞和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)?！皾h字書寫系統(tǒng)”表示為名詞短語(yǔ)the Chinese writing system，作主語(yǔ)；“是”用be動(dòng)詞表示，描述客觀情況用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞用is；“仍然 ”用副詞still表示，“中國(guó)文化的重要組成部分”表示為名詞短語(yǔ)an imprtant part f Chinese culture，作表語(yǔ)，f所有格表示“……的”。故譯為The Chinese writing system is still an imprtant part f Chinese culture.
43. 因其珍貴的羊毛，藏羚羊正遭受非法獵殺。(Tibetan antelpe, hunt illegally, valuable) (漢譯英)
【答案】Tibetan antelpes are being hunted illegally fr their valuable fur.
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞、副詞、形容詞和名詞。句子描述目前正在進(jìn)行的行為，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，主語(yǔ)“藏羚羊”用名詞短語(yǔ)Tibetan antelpes，為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)“遭受獵殺”可用動(dòng)詞hunt的被動(dòng)形式be hunted，且需變?yōu)閍re being hunted的形式，“非法”可用副詞illegally，“因（為）”可用介詞fr，“其珍貴的羊毛”可用名詞短語(yǔ)their valuable fur。故譯為：Tibetan antelpes are being hunted illegally fr their valuable fur.
44. 如果一個(gè)問題對(duì)某一個(gè)國(guó)家來說難度很大, 國(guó)際社會(huì)有時(shí)可提供一個(gè)解決方案。(difficult fr a single natin, glbal cmmunity) （漢譯英）
【答案】If a prblem seems t difficult fr a single natin, the glbal cmmunity can smetimes prvide a slutin.
【解析】
【詳解】考查狀語(yǔ)從句和名詞短語(yǔ)。根據(jù)所給中文提示詞，可用if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，“如果一個(gè)問題對(duì)某一個(gè)國(guó)家來說難度很大”為從句，主語(yǔ)是“一個(gè)問題”，譯為“a prblem”，根據(jù)句意，本句是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，謂語(yǔ)用系動(dòng)詞，描述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，根據(jù)句意，可用seem，“對(duì)某一個(gè)國(guó)家來說難度很大”根據(jù)題干要求，譯為“difficult fr a single natin”，“國(guó)際社會(huì)有時(shí)可提供一個(gè)解決方案”為主句，“國(guó)際社會(huì)”為主語(yǔ)，根據(jù)題干要求，譯為“the glbal cmmunity”，“有時(shí)可提供”作謂語(yǔ)，譯為“can smetimes prvid”，“一個(gè)解決方案”作賓語(yǔ)，譯為“a slutin”。故譯為：If a prblem seems t difficult fr a single natin, the glbal cmmunity can smetimes prvide a slutin.
45. 現(xiàn)代中國(guó)人可以閱讀古代中國(guó)人撰寫的經(jīng)典作品。(mdern/ancient times, classic wrks) (漢譯英)
【答案】Peple in mdern times can read the classic wrks which were written by Chinese in ancient times.
【解析】
【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句、名詞短語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞。主語(yǔ)“現(xiàn)代中國(guó)人”可用名詞短語(yǔ)peple in mdern times，謂語(yǔ)部分的“可以”用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can，“閱讀”可用動(dòng)詞read，且需用其原形，賓語(yǔ)“經(jīng)典作品”可用名詞短語(yǔ)the classic wrks，“古代中國(guó)人撰寫的”是修飾the classic wrks的成分，可用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句；先行詞the classic wrks在從句中可作主語(yǔ)，為復(fù)數(shù)，“撰寫”可用動(dòng)詞write，和主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，需用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，且該行為發(fā)生在過去，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，因此用were written，用介詞by引出行為的執(zhí)行者，“古代中國(guó)人”可用名詞短語(yǔ)Chinese in ancient times。故譯為：Peple in mdern times can read the classic wrks which were written by Chinese in ancient times.
第二節(jié) (20分)
46. 假設(shè)你是李華，你的英國(guó)朋友Jim最近開始學(xué)習(xí)中文，感覺有些困難，所以給你寫信，希望你能給他一些學(xué)習(xí)中文的建議。請(qǐng)你給他寫一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 你的建議及理由；
2. 你的祝愿。
注意: 1. 詞數(shù)100左右， 開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出, 不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；
2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)， 以使行文連貫。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】One pssible versin:
Dear Jim,
I’m very happy t hear that yu are learning Chinese. And I really understand that yu are finding Chinese quite challenging t learn. It’s kay fr beginners t meet sme trubles. Here are sme advice I’d like t give yu.
First, I suggest yu fcus n mastering the basics, such as pinyin and cmmnly used phrases. This will help yu build a strng fundatin fr further learning.
Anther suggestin is t immerse yurself in the language as much as pssible. Watch Chinese mvies r TV shws, listen t Chinese music, and try t cmmunicate with native speakers. This will nt nly imprve yur listening and speaking skills but als give yu a better understanding f Chinese culture.
Remember, learning a new language takes time and effrt. I wish yu all the best in yur Chinese learning jurney.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。英國(guó)朋友Jim最近開始學(xué)習(xí)中文，感覺有些困難，要求考生給他寫一封電子郵件，給他一些學(xué)習(xí)中文的建議。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
高興的：happy→ glad
非常：quite→ extremely
挑戰(zhàn)性的：challenging→ prvcative
提高：imprve→ enhance
2.句式拓展
同義句轉(zhuǎn)換
原句：I’m very happy t hear that yu are learning Chinese.
拓展句：Hearing that yu are learning Chinese, I’m very happy.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】I’m very happy t hear that yu are learning Chinese.（運(yùn)用了that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句）
【高分句型2】And I really understand that yu are finding Chinese quite challenging t learn.（運(yùn)用了that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句）

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