Unit 7 Food Festival 閱讀理解（含解析）仁愛(ài)版 八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)題型專(zhuān)項(xiàng)集訓(xùn) Point at (指）something in the room. It is not polite to point with the index finger (食指）in the Middle and Far East. Making a “V” means “Victory” in most parts of Europe when you make this sign with your palm (手掌) facing away from you. Use a circle with fingers to show “OK”. This means “OK” in the U. S. and in many countries around the world. In Japan, this means “money”. In France, it has the meaning of “zero”. Pass a thing to someone with one hand. In Japan this is very rude (粗魯?shù)?. In many Middle and Far Eastern countries it is rude to pass something with your left hand. 1．It is ________ to point with the index finger in the Middle East. A．rude B．polite C．necessary D．important 2．The underlined word “sign” means ________ in Chinese. A．標(biāo)志 B．圖畫(huà) C．歡呼 D．說(shuō)明 3．Using a circle with fingers shows ________ in Japan. A．OK B．zero C．money D．victory 4．What’s WRONG according to the passage? A．It is rude to point at something with the index finger in the Far East. B．A “V” means “Victory” in most parts of Europe when you make the palm face you. C．It is rude to pass a thing to someone with one hand in Japan. D．It is polite to pass something with your right hand in Middle and Far Eastern countries. 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．How to pass a thing. B．The body language. C．How to show “OK”. D．Different signs. Bananas are the perfect snack. Not only are they sweet and delicious, but they are easy to carry around, so you can take them anywhere. Best of all, bananas provide different things that the human body needs! Bananas grow best in warm places that get lots of rain. They grow on plants that look like trees. The banana plant, however, is considered a herb rather than a tree because it doesn’t have a strong, woody stem. The plants can grow as high as 30 feet. When they reach their full height, flowers grow out from the stem. These flowers produce bananas. Two or three times each year, the plants produce fruit. The bananas grow together, which seem like “hands”. A “hand” is made up of 10 to 20 bananas. Growers sometimes call bananas “fingers”. Each bunch(叢) of bananas has about 15 “hands”, and so a whole bunch may have as many as 200 bananas and can weigh more than 100 pounds. After about three months, the bananas are ready to be picked. At this point, they still aren’t the sunny yellow colour of bananas. Farmers pick them when they’re green. That’s how they’re shipped to stores. They turn yellow along the way and are ready to be sold. If you love bananas, you’ve got a lot of company. Americans have been enjoying bananas since the first shipment arrived in the United States in 1876. Today, Americans eat more bananas than any other fruit. More bananas are sold than apples and grapes together. Every American eats over 26 pounds of bananas each year! 6．The first paragraph mainly talks about ________. A．why people like bananas B．how bananas taste C．what bananas are rich in D．where bananas are taken 7．Where do bananas grow best? A．In warm places that get lots of rain. B．In dry places that get no rain. C．In cold places that have no sunlight. D．In hot places that have a lot of sunlight. 8．What is the correct order in which these ________ happen? a. The bananas begin to turn yellow. b. A banana plant grows to full height. c. The flowers produce bananas. d. The bananas are ready to be picked. A．c-b-a-d B．b-c-d-a C．b-c-a-d D．c-b-d-a 9．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The banana plant is a kind of tree. B．Bananas like growing in hot and dry areas. C．One bunch of bananas may weigh over 100 pounds. D．The banana plant usually produces fruit once a year. 10．Which is the second most popular fruit in America according to the bar chart? A．Apples. B．Grapes. C．Bananas. D．Oranges. The holidays are a great time to get into the kitchen. Cooking is fun to do, and it can make you feel good too. We asked Sally and Kate from the food club to talk about some of the joys and good of cooking. The following is what they said. When you use a recipe, you might learn new words. You will also do some math with counting, weighing and working out the cooking time. Cooking can be very different too. If you know how a recipe works, you can make delicious dishes with something different at home? Being in a warm kitchen, cooking with your family or friends is a special time when you can find time to have a talk together. Finally, of course, there’s time when you enjoy delicious meals with your family and everyone smiles. It feels great to see everyone enjoy the meals you cook. 11．From Sally’s and Kate’s words, we can guess that _______. A．they dislike cooking B．they enjoy cooking C．they hate cooking D．they like playing basketball. 12．They do some math while cooking by _____. A．counting B．weighing C．working out the cooking time D．All of the above 13．What can you do so that you can make delicious dishes with something different at home? A．If you know the prices of vegetables. B．If you know how a recipe works C．If you like eating. D．If you know who likes eating in your family. 14．What does the underlined word “weighing” mean in Chinese? A．烹飪 B．稱(chēng)重 C．菜譜 D．計(jì)算 15．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Cooking at home on holiday B．Cooking outside C．Eating in the restaurant D．Working in the kitchen We are always using body language in our daily life. When we have conversation with someone, we may be using more body language than words. However, the same body language may mean different things in different countries. That’s why people sometimes do not understand each other correctly. Pointing to one part of the body can mean differently in different cultures. For example, in the USA people point to their heads when they think someone is clever. However, in Europe it means ‘He or she is stupid or something is wrong with his or her head’. In our Chinese culture, nodding our head up and down means ‘yes’ and shaking our head from side to side means ‘no’. However, in parts of India, Greece and Turkey, it means just the opposite (相反的). In England or the USA, when you raise your hand and make a circle with the thumb and the second finger, it means ‘You’re all right or Everything is OK’. However, if we do this in France or Belgium, it means ‘You’re worth zero’. In Greece or Turkey, we should not make this gesture. Or we are thought to be very rude. The meaning of gestures can also change over time. In the 1960s, the V sign meant ‘peace’. However, during World War II, it meant ‘victory’. In Greece, it is a very insulting (污辱性) sign. Though the meaning of body language is different, there are some expressions having the same meaning throughout the world, such as smiling and crying. 16．In England, if people point to their heads, it means they think someone is ________. A．clever B．stupid C．headache D．a(chǎn)ngry 17．In India, if one nods his head up and down, it means he ________. A．doesn’t agree B．a(chǎn)grees C．is happy D．is sad 18．In France, if you raise your hand and make a circle with the thumb and the second finger, it means ________. A．you are clever B．everything is OK C．it is true D．you are worth nothing 19．There are some expressions having the same meaning throughout the world, such as ________. A．smiling B．noding C．shaking D．gestures 20．V sign meant ________ about fifty years ago. A．victory B．killing C．festival D．peace Fingers crossed Generally this means “wishing for good luck or fortune”. Another explanation could be seen as “here’s hoping”. The gesture probably has Christian origins where the gesture was believed to get away from evil. As such, pPeople believe that when one tells a lies, crossing the fingers gets away from the evil(惡魔）of the lie. Some historians believe that crossing your fingers is a hidden or secret way of making the Christian sign of cross — a piece way of stopping evils. As a gesture it has both good and bad meanings. Luck or lies. Waving the first finger Mothers and teachers are common users with this hand gesture. In general, it is used to warn a person. It is a change of the “you” gesture. If translated into language it would say “Stop whatever you are doing and pay attention to me. I am your superior(上級(jí)）and I am warning you!” Classified as a “silent” parent to child gesture, it is not completely allowed in a formal occasion where it will be explained as “rude”. Some psychologists believe that it has a meaning of the whip. 21．When fingers are crossed, that generally means _______. A．wishing for good luck or here’s hoping B．failure C．Asking for help D．Going away 22．If a Christian’s crossing his fingers, he wants to ________. A．Show he won’t lie B．tell a lie C．get away from the evil or the lie D．cross the street 23．As a gesture, crossing fingers shows ______ meaning. A．good B．bad C．either good or bad D．both good bad 24．If your mum waves her first fingers shows _______ meanings. A．tell you to go on B．stop you C．praise you D．help you 25．Why isn’t waving the finger used in a formal occasion? A．Because ti is friendly. B．Because it is rude. C．Because it is surprising. D．Because it is helpful. Many people love pickles (泡菜). Pickles are a pickled vegetable dish. There are around 200 different kinds of them, but most people use Chinese cabbage to make pickles. People love pickles’ taste. The usual taste is spicy and sour. So, they go really well with other food. They are also good for our health. Pickles are full of good things for the body, such as iron and vitamins C and K. Pickles’ biggest health benefits (益處) come from how people make them. When people make pickles, salt water kills off bad bacteria on the cabbage. That leaves a special kind of good bacteria behind. These good bacteria are the key. They help keep your stomach and immune system (免疫系統(tǒng)) strong and healthy. As a result, you may not become ill. Also, the good bacteria stop your body from becoming red and sore. That helps your skin and heart and may even help you live longer. You can’t go wrong with pickles! 26．What do most people use to make pickles? A．Potatoes. B．Tomatoes. C．Chinese cabbages. D．Beans. 27．What’s the usual taste of pickles? A．Sweet and bitter. B．Spicy and sour. C．Sweet and sour. D．Sour and bitter. 28．Pickles are full of ________ things for the body, such as iron and vitamins C and K. A．terrible B．bad C．nice D．harmful 29．What does the underlined word “bacteria” mean in Chinese? A．細(xì)菌 B．病毒 C．維生素 D．鈣元素 30．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Healthy food B．How to keep healthy C．Kinds of sports D．Pickles 31．Linda has to get to school before 7:00 this morning. On her way to school, where can she buy her breakfast? A．At Apple Tree Bakery. B．At Papa Marko’s. C．At Winnie’s Sandwich Club. D．At Good Taste Fast Food. 32．Yesterday was Linda’s eleventh birthday. Her parents took her to Winnie’s sandwich Club for dinner. How much did they spend? A．$540. B．$360. C．$360. D．$300. 33．Linda can eat at Good Taste Fast Food every day. A．sandwiches B．cookies C．pizzas D．hot dogs 34．Linda will save if she buys some food for $150 at Apple Tree Bakery at 9:30 p.m. A．$60 B．$80 C．$30 D．$50 35．Which sentence is WRONG according to the table above? A．They are all advertisements for food. B．Good Taste Fast Food is the best in town. C．You can’t have a meal until moon at Papa Marko’s. D．There are too many people at Papa Marko’s, so you’ll have to wait a long time. How to say hello in Japanese depends on (取決于) when you say it. This is very much like different greetings in English at different times of the day or night. In Japanese culture, it also depends on whether (是否) you are on the phone or you are close to the person you are greeting. We don’t get formal (正式) with our friends. We seldom greet them with “Good morning” or “Good evening”. A “Hi” is enough. The most popular and most well-known translation for “Hello” is still “Konnichiwa”, but it is not exactly how to say hello in Japanese. Perhaps it is not the most suitable (適當(dāng)?shù)? word for it. In fact, the correct greeting in English for “Konnichiwa” is “Good day” or “Good noon”, and I am sure you wouldn’t like greeting people with a “Good day” at any time, and Japanese also don’t like to say “Konnichiwa” when they want to say “Hello”. Then what should we do? Let’s do it the way the Japanese do. Use “Ohaiyo Gonzaimasu” when it’s noon and “Konbanwa” to greet somebody in the afternoon. Things are different when you are on the phone. Just say “Moshi, Moshi”, which is actually similar (相似) to saying “Hello” over the phone, because one doesn’t often use “Good morning” or “Good afternoon” or “Good evening” right after picking up the phone. One invariably uses the sweet old “Hello”. Next time, I’ll tell you something about my life in Japan. 36．How do Japanese people greet each other in the afternoon? A．By saying “Konbanwa”. B．By saying “Moshi, Moshi”. C．By saying “Konnichiwa”. D．By saying “Ohaiyo Gonzaimasu”. 37．Which of the following is TRUE according to the writer? A．Japanese people are not very friendly to each other, B．Japanese culture is similar to American culture. C．People don’t need to be polite to their close friends. D．Japanese people don’t like using “Konnichiwa” as a greeting for the whole day. 38．The underlined word “invariably” may mean “________”. A．likely B．maybe C．a(chǎn)lways D．sometimes 39．From the passage we know that the writer ________. A．is from Britain B．lived in Japan for some time C．is working in a radio station now D．knows both Chinese and Japanese 40．The best title for the passage should be “________”. A．How to say hello B．How to greet people in Japanese C．How to greet close friends in Japanese D．Some differences between English and Japanese Most American families are smaller than those in other countries. Usually there is one or two parents and one or two children in each American family. Children in the USA will leave their parents when they grow up. They want to find better jobs, so they usually live far away from their parents. They often write to their parents or call them. And they go to visit their parents during their holidays. Parents will ask their children to do some work around their house. In many families children will get money for doing some housework so that they can learn to make money for their own. Parents usually let their children choose their own jobs. Americans think that for young people it is important to decide on their lives by themselves. 41．In most families in the USA there are usually ________. A．no parents B．no children C．over 5 people D．less than 5 people 42．When they are old enough, American children will ________. A．go to other countries B．decide on their lives by themselves C．find jobs for their parents D．do better jobs around their house 43．Why do most American children live far away from their parents? A．They are old enough to live all by themselves. B．The parents are too busy to look after their children. C．They want to have more chances to look for better jobs. D．They can keep in touch (聯(lián)系) with their parents by telephoning. 44．Parents will give their children some money if the children do some housework. What do the American parents think of it? A．Useful. B．Strange. C．Dangerous. D．Funny. 45．From the passage we can know that children in America ________. A．leave their parents when they grow up B．often spend holidays at their parents’ house C．sometimes look for jobs for their own parents D．often call or write to their parents for money This year, about one hundred teenagers from all over China will spend one year in American homes. They will attend schools and meet teenagers in the U.S., and have a new understanding of America. At the same time, about one hundred American teenagers will come to China to learn Chinese and get a new understanding of china. A 15-year-old exchange student, Fred, spent last year in China with Li Hua’s family. In turn, Li Hua spent a year in Fred’s home in America. Fred knew little Chinese when he arrived, but after two months’ study, the language began to come to him. School was completely different from what he had expected-much harder. Students stood up respectfully(尊敬) when the teacher entered the classroom. They took fourteen subjects instead of six in the United States. There were almost no outside activities. Family life, too, was different. The father’s word was law, and all activities were around the whole family rather than individuals(個(gè)人). “Back home, you pick up some friends in a car and go out and have a good time. But in China, you walk home and you have to finish your homework firsts.” At the same time, in America, Li Hua, a friendly Chinese boy, was also forming his idea. “I suppose I should criticize(批評(píng)) American schools.” he says. “It is much too easy by our level. But I have to say that I like it very much. In China we do nothing but study. Here we take part in many outside activities.” 46．Which countries are these exchange students from? A．China and America. B．Japan and America. C．Australia and China. D．Africa and Canada. 47．What’s the most important purpose of exchange students in the other country? A．To attend schools. B．To learn a new language. C．To live with the host family. D．To get a new understanding of that country. 48．What was the difference about outdoor activities between the two countries? A．There were almost no outside activities in U.S. but there were many in China. B．There were almost no outside activities in China but there were many in U. S. C．There wasn’t any outside activities in U.S. but there were a few in China. D．There wasn’t any outside activities in China but there were a few in U.S. 49．According to the passage, we know ________ A．Li Hua didn’t like American schools . B．Fred knew much Chinese when he arrived. C．Chinese students take fourteen subjects at school. D．Students in U.S. have to finish homework first after getting home . 50．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Fred’s life in China. B．Li Hua’s school life in America. C．How people learn from other countries. D．The differences in education between the two countries. For 99% of human history, people took their food from the world around them. They ate all that they could find, and then moved on. Then about 10,000 years ago, or for 1% of human history, people learned to farm the land. The kind of food we eat depends on which part of the world we live in, or which part of our country we live in. For example, in the south of China they eat rice, but in the north they eat noodles. In European countries near the sea, people eat a lot of fishes. In central (中部) Europe, away from the sea, people don’t eat so much fish, they eat more meat. In Germany and Poland there are hundreds of different kinds of sausages. In North America, Australia, and Europe, people eat with knives and forks. In China, people eat with chopsticks. In parts of India and the Middle East people use their fingers and bread to pick up food. Nowadays it is possible to transport (運(yùn)輸) food easily from one part of the world to the other. We can eat what we like, when we like, at any time of the year. In Britain, bananas come from Africa; rice comes from India or the USA; strawberries come from Chile or Spain. Food is very big business. But people in poor countries are still hungry, and people in rich countries eat too much. 51．10,000 years ago, people ________. A．learned to farm the land B．cooked different kinds of food C．couldn’t find food around them D．transported food from one country to another 52．In central Europe, away from the sea, people eat ________. A．more noodles B．much fish C．more meat D．much rice 53．In North America, Australia, and Europe, people ________ . A．eat with chopsticks B．eat with knives and forks C．use their fingers to pick up food D．use bread to pick up food 54．________ have many kinds of sausages. A．Chile and Spain B．America and Australia C．China and Japan D．Germany and Poland 55．Which of the following sentences is NOT true? A．What we eat depends on where we live. B．Poor countries are still having food problems. C．Rich countries don’t need food from other countries. D．Nowadays we can eat what we like at any time of the year. 56．Which is the best title of this passage? A．Ways to Find Food. B．Food Around the World. C．Food Choices. D．World Food Problems Papa Marko’s—Pizza to go— Large $250 Medium $180 Small $100 ·Ready in 15 minutes· Open at noon 7 days a week Call now:1234-5678Apple Tree Bakery—Handmade bread and Cookies— Open at 6 o’clock every morning 20% off after 8 p.m.GOOD TASTE FAST FOODHamburgers, Hot dogs, Drinks 10:00 a.m. to 11:30 p.m. every day —THE BEST IN TOWN—Winnie’s Sandwich Club—All you can eat— $180 a person $120 for children under 12 Lunch hours: 11 a.m. —2 p.m. Dinner hours: 5 p.m. —8 p.m. Closed on Sundays參考答案： 1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B 【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了在世界的不同地區(qū)，手勢(shì)的不同意思。 1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第一段“It is not polite to point with the index finger (食指）in the Middle and Far East.”可知，在中東和遠(yuǎn)東地區(qū)，用食指指著人是不禮貌的。A選項(xiàng)rude表示“粗魯?shù)模瑹o(wú)禮的”符合。故選A。 2．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文中第二段“with your palm (手掌) facing away from you”可知sign的意思是“標(biāo)志”。故選A。 3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第三段“Use a circle with fingers to show ‘OK’. This means ‘OK’ in the U. S. and in many countries around the world. In Japan, this means ‘money’.”可知這種手勢(shì)在日本表示money“錢(qián)”。故選C。 4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第二段可知，在歐洲的大部分地方，把手掌向外的時(shí)候表示成功，因此，試題表述的“手掌向內(nèi)”是錯(cuò)誤的。故選B。 5．主旨大意題。本文分別講述了四種肢體語(yǔ)言在不同地區(qū)的不同含義。B選項(xiàng)The body language“身體語(yǔ)言”符合。故選B。 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．A 【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了香蕉的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，并對(duì)它的生長(zhǎng)、生產(chǎn)、采摘、運(yùn)輸、出售等方面進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的介紹。 6．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Bananas are the perfect snack. Not only are they sweet and delicious, but they are easy to carry around, so you can take them anywhere. Best of all, bananas provide different things that the human body needs!”可知，本段介紹了香蕉是完美的零食，不僅香甜可口，而且很容易攜帶，且提供了人體需要的不同的東西，可推測(cè)本段主要是講人們?yōu)槭裁聪矚g香蕉。故選A。 7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Bananas grow best in warm places that get lots of rain.”可知，香蕉在多雨的溫暖地方生長(zhǎng)最好。故選A。 8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“When they reach their full height, flowers grow out from the stem. These flowers produce bananas.”，倒數(shù)第二段“After about three months, the bananas are ready to be picked... They turn yellow along the way and are ready to be sold.”可知，當(dāng)它們長(zhǎng)到最高時(shí)，花從莖上長(zhǎng)出來(lái)，這些花生產(chǎn)香蕉，大約三個(gè)月后，香蕉就可以采摘了，最后香蕉變成黃色。選項(xiàng)B“b-c-d-a”符合題意。故選B。 9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Each bunch(叢) of bananas has about 15 ‘hands’, and so a whole bunch may have as many as 200 bananas and can weigh more than 100 pounds.”可知，一串香蕉的重量可能超過(guò)100磅。故選C。 10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)柱狀圖可知，美國(guó)最受歡迎的水果是香蕉，其次是蘋(píng)果，第三是橘子，最后是葡萄，所以美國(guó)第二受歡迎的水果是蘋(píng)果。故選A。 11．B 12．D 13．B 14．B 15．A 【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文本文主要通過(guò)莎莉和凱特說(shuō)的話(huà)介紹了假期在家做飯的樂(lè)趣和好處。 11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第1段第2行“We asked Sally and Kate from the food club to talk about some of the joys and good of cooking.”可知，我們請(qǐng)美食俱樂(lè)部的莎莉和凱特談?wù)勛鲲埖臉?lè)趣和好處。由此推斷，莎莉和凱特喜歡做飯，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。 12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第 2段第1行“You will also do some math with counting, weighing and working out the cooking time.”可知，做飯時(shí)需要做一些數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算，包括計(jì)數(shù)、稱(chēng)重和計(jì)算做飯時(shí)間。故選D。 13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第2段最后一句“If you know how a recipe works, you can make delicious dishes with something different at home.”可知，如果你知道如何運(yùn)用食譜，你就可以在家里用不同的東西做出美味的菜肴。故選B。 14．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第2段第2行“You will also do some math with counting, weighing and working out the cooking time.”及結(jié)合生活常識(shí)可知，做飯時(shí)需要做一些數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算，比如計(jì)數(shù)，稱(chēng)量食材，計(jì)算做飯時(shí)間等。由此推斷畫(huà)線(xiàn)部分單詞是“稱(chēng)重”的意思。故選B。 15．最佳標(biāo)題題。通讀全文可知，本文主要通過(guò)莎莉和凱特說(shuō)的話(huà)介紹了假期在家做飯的樂(lè)趣和好處。因此，選項(xiàng)A“假期在家做飯”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。 16．B 17．A 18．D 19．A 20．D 【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了肢體語(yǔ)言在不同國(guó)家和不同時(shí)期的含義。 16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“in Europe it means ‘He or she is stupid or something is wrong with his or her head’.”可知在英國(guó)指著頭意味著他們認(rèn)為這個(gè)人很愚蠢。故選B。 17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In our Chinese culture, nodding our head up and down means ‘yes’ and shaking our head from side to side means ‘no’. However, in parts of India, Greece and Turkey, it means just the opposite”可知在我們的中國(guó)文化中，上下點(diǎn)頭表示“是”，左右搖頭表示“不是”。然而，在印度、希臘和土耳其的部分地區(qū)，這意味著恰恰相反，說(shuō)明在印度點(diǎn)頭的意思是“不是”。故選A。 18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“However, if we do this in France or Belgium, it means ‘You’re worth zero’”可知在法國(guó)，如果你舉起你的手，用拇指和食指做一個(gè)圓圈，那就意味著你一文不值。故選D。 19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“there are some expressions having the same meaning throughout the world, such as smiling and crying.”可知世界上有一些表達(dá)方式具有相同的含義，比如微笑和哭泣。故選A。 20．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In the 1960s, the V sign meant ‘peace’.”可知在20世紀(jì)60年代，V標(biāo)志的意思是“和平”。故選D。 21．A 22．C 23．D 24．B 25．B 【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了兩種手勢(shì)的含義及意義。 21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Generally this means ‘wishing for good luck or fortune’. Another explanation could be seen as ‘here’s hoping’.”可知，當(dāng)手指交叉時(shí)，通常意味著祝你好運(yùn)或但愿如此，故選A。 22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The gesture probably has Christian origins where the gesture was believed to get away from evil.”可知，如果一個(gè)基督徒在交叉手指，他想要遠(yuǎn)離邪惡和謊言，故選C。 23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“As a gesture it has both good and bad meanings. Luck or lies.”可知，作為手勢(shì)，交叉手指表示好與壞的含義。故選D。 24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“If translated into language it would say ‘Stop whatever you are doing and pay attention to me. I am your superior(上級(jí)）and I am warning you!’ ”可知，如果你的媽媽揮動(dòng)她的第一個(gè)手指表示停止的含義。故選B。 25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“it is not completely allowed in a formal occasion where it will be explained as ‘rude’.”可知，在正式場(chǎng)合，這是不允許的，因?yàn)檫@將被解釋為“粗魯”。故選B。 26．C 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．D 【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了許多人喜歡吃泡菜，因?yàn)榕莶丝诟泻?，具有豐富的鐵元素，維生素C和鉀，另外泡菜本身具有對(duì)身體有益的細(xì)菌，能幫助你胃消化食物，提高免疫系統(tǒng)，延年益壽。 26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“but most people use Chinese cabbage to make pickles.”可知，大多數(shù)人使用大白菜制作泡菜。故選C。 27．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The usual taste is spicy and sour”可知，通常泡菜味道是辛辣的。故選B。 28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Pickles are full of good things for the body, such as iron and vitamins C and K.”可知，泡菜中充滿(mǎn)了對(duì)身體好的東西，例如鐵、維生素C和鉀。故選C。 29．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“When people make pickles, salt water kills off bad bacteria on the cabbage.”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，鹽水有殺菌的功能，可推測(cè)bacteria意為“細(xì)菌”。故選A。 30．最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)“Many people love pickles (泡菜).”并結(jié)合全文可知，本文主要講述了泡菜的制作和好處，介紹對(duì)象是泡菜。故選D。 31．A 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．D 【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四家店所賣(mài)食物、價(jià)格、營(yíng)業(yè)時(shí)間以及聯(lián)系方式。 31．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個(gè)表格“open at 6 o’clock every morning”可知，琳達(dá)在七點(diǎn)之前去能買(mǎi)上早餐。 故選A。 32． 數(shù)字計(jì)算題。因?yàn)楦改甘莾蓚€(gè)人，根據(jù)第四個(gè)表格“ $180 a person”可知共花$360；因?yàn)榱者_(dá)過(guò)11歲生日，根據(jù)“ $l20 for children underl2”可知琳達(dá)花$120，所以三人共花$480。故選B。 33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三個(gè)表格“Hamburgers，Hot dogs，Drinks”可知，琳達(dá)在這個(gè)快餐店里每天可以吃到熱狗。故選D。 34．?dāng)?shù)字計(jì)算題。根據(jù)第二個(gè)表格“20% off after 8 p.m.”可知，在晚上8點(diǎn)之后打八折，所以買(mǎi)$150的食物省了$30。故選C。 35．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個(gè)表格“ Ready in 15 minutes ”可知，15分鐘就可以準(zhǔn)備好，故不用等很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，表格里面也沒(méi)有提到很多人，D描述錯(cuò)誤。故選D。 36．A 37．D 38．C 39．B 40．B 【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了在日本人們?cè)鯓舆M(jìn)行問(wèn)候。 36．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第三段“...and ‘Konbanwa’ to greet somebody in the afternoon.”可知，日本人下午問(wèn)好用“Konbanwa”，故選A。 37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“The most popular and most well-known translation for ‘Hello’ is still ‘Konnichiwa’, but it is not exactly how to say hello in Japanese. Perhaps it is not the most suitable word for it. In fact, the correct greeting in English for ‘Konnichiwa’ is ‘Good day’ or ‘Good noon’…”可知，日本人并不喜歡一整天用“Konnichiwa”表示“你好”，故選D。 38．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前一句“…one doesn’t often use ‘Good morning’ or ‘Good afternoon’ or ‘Good evening’ right after picking up the phone”中的often判斷， invariably應(yīng)與always同義，均表示較高的動(dòng)作頻率，故選C。 39．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Next time, I’ll tell you something about my life in Japan.”可知，該文作者在日本居住了一段時(shí)間，故選B。 40．最佳標(biāo)題題。本文介紹的是日本人打招呼的方法，選項(xiàng)B“如何用日語(yǔ)問(wèn)候他人”應(yīng)為最佳標(biāo)題，故選B。 41．D 42．B 43．C 44．A 45．A 【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了美國(guó)的家庭情況。 41．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Usually there is one or two parents and one or two children in each American family.”可知，美國(guó)家庭通常有一個(gè)或兩個(gè)父母，以及一個(gè)或兩個(gè)孩子，由此可推，美國(guó)家庭通常少于5人。故選D。 42．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Parents usually let their children choose their own jobs. Americans think that for young people it is important to decide on their lives by themselves.”可知，美國(guó)父母通常會(huì)讓孩子們選擇自己的職業(yè)，他們覺(jué)得對(duì)于年輕人來(lái)說(shuō)，由年輕人自己來(lái)決定自己的生活是很重要的一件事，所以美國(guó)孩子長(zhǎng)大后，會(huì)由他們自己來(lái)決定他們的生活。故選B。 43．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“They want to find better jobs, so they usually live far away from their parents.”可知，美國(guó)孩子們住得離父母較遠(yuǎn)是為了能找到更好的工作。故選C。 44．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“In many families children will get money for doing some housework so that they can learn to make money for their own.”可知，在很多的美國(guó)家庭里，孩子們通過(guò)做家務(wù)是可以獲得錢(qián)的，這樣孩子們就能學(xué)會(huì)自己賺錢(qián)，由此可推，美國(guó)父母?jìng)兪怯X(jué)得讓孩子們通過(guò)做家務(wù)賺錢(qián)是有用的一種舉措。故選A。 45．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Children in the USA will leave their parents when they grow up.”可知，美國(guó)的孩子在長(zhǎng)大后會(huì)離開(kāi)父母。故選A。 46．A 47．D 48．B 49．C 50．D 【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了中美青少年交流生活動(dòng)及他們不同的感受。 46．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“This year, about one hundred teenagers from all over China will spend one year in American homes. ”和“At the same time, about one hundred American teenagers will come to China to learn Chinese and get a new understanding of china.”可知，交流生來(lái)自于中國(guó)和美國(guó)兩個(gè)國(guó)家。故選A。 47．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“They will attend schools and meet teenagers in U.S., and have a new understanding of America. At the same time, about one hundred American teenagers will come to China to learn Chinese and get a new understanding of china.”可推測(cè)，交流生活動(dòng)的目的是讓雙方對(duì)對(duì)方的國(guó)家有個(gè)全新的了解。故選D。 48．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Fred knew little Chinese when he arrived,...There were almost no outside activities.”和“At the same time, in America, Li Hua, a friendly Chinese boy,...Here we take part in many outside activities.”可知，中國(guó)學(xué)生幾乎沒(méi)有戶(hù)外活動(dòng)，而美國(guó)卻有很多。故選B。 49．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“They took fourteen subjects instead of six in the United States.”可知，中國(guó)學(xué)生在學(xué)校要學(xué)習(xí)14門(mén)課程。故選C。 50．主旨大意題。本文通篇介紹了中美交流生的不同的感受，尤其是教育上的差異。故選D。 51．A 52．C 53．B 54．D 55．C 56．B 【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章闡述了人類(lèi)自從10000年前學(xué)會(huì)耕種后，在不同的地方形成了不同的飲食習(xí)俗，隨著社會(huì)的進(jìn)步，我們可以輕松的得到異地的食物，但是世界上還有一些貧窮的國(guó)家存在食物問(wèn)題。 51．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Then about 10,000 years ago, or for 1% of human history, people learned to farm the land.”可知大約10000年前，人們學(xué)會(huì)耕種土地，故選A。 52．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In central Europe, away from the sea, people don’t eat so much fish, they eat more meat”可知中部歐洲的人吃更多的肉，故選C。 53．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In North America, Australia, and Europe, people eat with knives and forks.”可知在北美，澳大利亞和歐洲，人們吃飯用刀叉，故選B。 54．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In Germany and Poland there are hundreds of different kinds of sausages.”可知在德國(guó)和波蘭有上百種香腸，故選D。 55．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“In Britain, bananas come from Africa; rice comes from India or the USA; strawberries come from Chile or Spain”可知發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家也需要從其它國(guó)家進(jìn)口食物，故選C。 56．最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)文章可知文中介紹了世界各地的食物，故選B。

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