
Unit 2 Travelling around the world 知識(shí)目錄 單元小結(jié) 學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):本單元學(xué)習(xí)和探究旅行方面的知識(shí),要求掌握描述一個(gè)景點(diǎn)的文本特征。了解國(guó)家公園相關(guān)知識(shí),閱讀相同難度的文章,能夠?qū)懗鼋榻B國(guó)家,城市,家鄉(xiāng)的旅行景點(diǎn)的小短文。 語(yǔ)法目標(biāo):學(xué)習(xí)專(zhuān)有名詞和并列連詞的用法。 聽(tīng)說(shuō)目標(biāo):能夠聽(tīng)懂關(guān)于一個(gè)地方介紹的短文,學(xué)會(huì)抓住關(guān)鍵信息(數(shù)字信息),學(xué)談?wù)撀眯杏?jì)劃。 寫(xiě)作目標(biāo):能夠根據(jù)國(guó)家,城市,家鄉(xiāng)的旅游景點(diǎn)的小短文。 目錄 知識(shí)要點(diǎn)一、重點(diǎn)單詞,短語(yǔ)及句式 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4158" 要點(diǎn)1 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ) 練習(xí) HYPERLINK \l "_Toc30372" 要點(diǎn)2 重點(diǎn)句式 練習(xí) 【精講精練】 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要點(diǎn)1 match的用法 練習(xí) HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要點(diǎn)2 be famous for/as的用法 練習(xí) HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要點(diǎn)3 be rich in的用法 練習(xí) HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要點(diǎn)4 prefer的用法 練習(xí) HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4158" 要點(diǎn)5 Why not...?的用法 練習(xí) HYPERLINK \l "_Toc30372" 要點(diǎn)6 excellent的用法 練習(xí) HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要點(diǎn)7 set up的用法 練習(xí) HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要點(diǎn)8 endangered的用法 練習(xí) HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4158" 要點(diǎn)9 cover的用法 練習(xí) HYPERLINK \l "_Toc30372" 要點(diǎn)10 discover 的用法 練習(xí) HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要點(diǎn)11 by hand 的用法 練習(xí) HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要點(diǎn)12 finish的用法 練習(xí) HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4158" 要點(diǎn)13 France的用法 練習(xí) HYPERLINK \l "_Toc30372" 要點(diǎn)14 lie的用法 練習(xí) HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要點(diǎn)15.such as的用法 練習(xí) HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要點(diǎn)16 step的用法 練習(xí) HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要點(diǎn)17 be home to的用法 練習(xí) HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要點(diǎn)18 in the north (south / east / west) of的用法 練習(xí) HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4158" 要點(diǎn)19 center的用法 練習(xí) HYPERLINK \l "_Toc30372" 要點(diǎn)20 one of+the或其他限定詞+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)表時(shí)間用法 練習(xí) 知識(shí)要點(diǎn)二、語(yǔ)法 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc30708" 要點(diǎn)1 專(zhuān)有名詞 15 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc30708" 要點(diǎn)2 并列連詞 16 知識(shí)要點(diǎn)三、書(shū)面表達(dá) HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要點(diǎn)1 話(huà)題分析 17 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc20625" 要點(diǎn)2 詞匯短語(yǔ)積累 17 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc30708" 要點(diǎn)3句式積累 18 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc30708" 要點(diǎn)4實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練 18 知識(shí)要點(diǎn)一、重點(diǎn)單詞,短語(yǔ)及句式。 【重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】 1.富有,蘊(yùn)含豐富的 (be)rich in 2.…首都 the capital city of 3.在….北方in the north of 4.名勝古跡places of interest 5.例如such as 6.百貨商店department stores 7.嘗試,體驗(yàn)get a taste of 8.在…中心in the centre of 9.另一個(gè)游客最多的城市another most-visited city 10.以…而聞名be famous for 11.更喜歡prefer to 12.為什么不.。。why not 13.國(guó)家公園national park 14.一個(gè)自然保護(hù)區(qū)a protected area of nature 15.建立;組建set up 16.瀕危動(dòng)物endangered animals 17.被....覆蓋be covered by / with sth. 18.在野外in the wild 19.對(duì).......感到驚奇be amazed at sth. 20.去觀光go sightseeing 去遠(yuǎn)足 go hiking 去旅游 go on a trip 21. 全年 all year around 22. 手工 by hand 【重點(diǎn)句式】 1. 法國(guó)是世界上訪(fǎng)問(wèn)人數(shù)最多的國(guó)家之一 France is one of the most visited countries in the world 2.法國(guó)是一個(gè)歷史悠久、文化豐富的國(guó)家。 France is a beautiful country rich in history and culture 3. 如果你想去參觀一些世界著名的百貨商店,這是最好的地方。 This is the best place to go if you want to visit some world famous department stores 4.這是夏天度假的完美地方。 It is the perfect place for a summer holiday. 5.它位于法國(guó)東南海岸,以其美麗的海灘而聞名。 It lies on France's south-east coast and is famous for its wonderful beaches. 6.法國(guó)適合所有人,所以為什么不今年去法國(guó)呢? France has something for everyone, so why not visit France this year? 【精講精練】 要點(diǎn) 1 match 與……相配 Your shoes do match your dress. 你的鞋子確實(shí)和你的裙子相配。 (1)match with (使)和……相匹配 This ribbon does not match with my hat. 這條絲帶和我的帽子不相配。 Match 名詞。火柴; 比賽; 競(jìng)賽 Are you ready for the match ? 你準(zhǔn)備好比賽了嗎? 【典例分析】 1. — Why not wear a hat to ______ your clothes? — Good idea. A. match B. reach C. express D. cross 2.The doors were painted blue to m __ the walls. 要點(diǎn) 2. be famous for?/as be famous for? 表示“因……而出名”,通常用于描述一個(gè)人、地方或事物因其特定的特征、技能、產(chǎn)品或其他原因而聞名。例如: He is famous for his great inventions.他因偉大的發(fā)明而出名。 Hangzhou is famous for its beautiful scenery.杭州因美麗的風(fēng)景而出名. be famous as? 表示“作為……而出名”,通常用于描述一個(gè)人因其職業(yè)或身份而出名,或一個(gè)地方因其特定的功能或角色而出名。例如: Napoleon was famous as a soldier.拿破侖以其軍事才能而著稱(chēng)。 Mark Twain was famous as a children's story writer. 馬克·吐溫作為兒童故事作家而著稱(chēng)。 ?補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明?: be famous for? 和 ?be famous as? 的用法和含義有所不同,前者強(qiáng)調(diào)原因,后者強(qiáng)調(diào)身份或職業(yè)。 【典例分析】 1.山東濰坊現(xiàn)在因制作風(fēng)箏而出名。 Weifang in Shandong Province _____________________ making kites now. 2. Bondi beach is famous ________________ an interesting place _______________ holidays. A. in ; for B. as ; for C. for ; to D. to ; as 3. ——I’ll travel to France next week. What do you want me to buy for you in France? ——Some wine. France ________ its wine. A. is interested in B. is famous for C. is good at D. is famous as 4. ?Suzhou?is known _______ its beautiful gardens and I want to visit it this summer. A. to????????????? ????????????? B. by? ?? C. as? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. for 要點(diǎn) 3 be rich in be rich in “含有豐富的” 1.The country is known to be rich in natural resources.? 據(jù)了解,這個(gè)國(guó)家有豐富的自然資源?? 2. She is rich in the inner feelings.?她內(nèi)心的感情豐富??。。 3.Coca Cola is considered to be rich in sugar.? 人們認(rèn)為可口可樂(lè)的含糖量很高??。 【典例分析】 廣泛閱讀,你會(huì)得到豐富的知識(shí)?? Read widely and you'll_______ ______ _______ knowledge.? 要點(diǎn) 4 prefer (1)prefer是及物動(dòng)詞,意思是“更喜歡、比較喜歡”,相當(dāng)于like better。例如: Which do you prefer(=like better), rice or bread? 你比較喜歡哪一樣,米飯還是面包? (2)由prefer構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ): 1) prefer A to B意為“喜歡A勝過(guò)B、比起B(yǎng)來(lái)更喜歡A”,此短語(yǔ)中A和B的形式一樣,可以是名詞、代詞或者動(dòng)名詞,但必須兩個(gè)詞形式統(tǒng)一。例如: We prefer apples to oranges. 比起桔子來(lái)我們更喜歡蘋(píng)果。 My grandma prefers taking a walk to sitting in front of the TV.我奶奶寧愿去散步而不愿看電視。 2) prefer to do something rather than do something意為“寧愿做某事,而不愿意做某事?!?此短語(yǔ)中prefer 的后面用動(dòng)詞不定式,than的后面用省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式。例如: They prefer to stay at home and watch TV, rather than go out for a walk. 他們寧愿呆在家里看電視,也不愿意出去散步。 【典例分析】 1.我比較喜歡看書(shū)。(翻譯) 2.相比較于騎自行車(chē)而言,他更喜歡步行。(翻譯) 3.與香蕉比起來(lái),我媽媽更喜歡蘋(píng)果。(翻譯) 4.我寧愿看書(shū)也不愿看電視。(翻譯) 5.I prefer _______ rather than _______ TV. A.to read;watch B.to reading;watch C.to read;watching D.to reading;watching 6.I prefer ________ some shopping to ________ camping since the weather isn't lovely. A.do; going B.doing; go C.do; go D.doing; going 要點(diǎn) 5 “Why not...?” 的用法 “Why not...?”句型用于 提出建議,Why not后跟動(dòng)詞原形,同義句型為:Why don’t you...? 【典例分析】 1.—I’m tired out after three-day work day and night. —_____ relax yourself? Go out and enjoy the natural beauty A. Why not B. Why don’t C. What about D. Shall we 2.為什么不去旅游呢? _________ ____________go travelling. =_________ ____________ _________go travelling. 要點(diǎn) 6 excellent excellent adj.優(yōu)秀的;極佳的 She becomes an excellent student. 她變成一名優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生。 She speaks excellent French. 她說(shuō)一口漂亮的法語(yǔ)。 1.excel v. 超過(guò);擅長(zhǎng) The firm excels at producing cheap radios. 該公司以生產(chǎn)廉價(jià)收音機(jī)見(jiàn)長(zhǎng)。 2.excellence n. 卓越;杰出 They don’t know her many excellences. 他們無(wú)視她的各種長(zhǎng)處。 3.excellently adv. 優(yōu)異地;極好地 Linda finished the tasks excellently. 琳達(dá)極好地完成了任務(wù)。 【典例分析】 1. Tom is an excellent student in our class.(選出可以替換畫(huà)線(xiàn)部分的最佳選項(xiàng)) A. a bad B. a very good C. a beautiful 2. My brother ____________ (excellent) at playing the guitar. 3. Being an ____________ (excellent)student, you must be strict with yourself. 要點(diǎn) 7 set up ?set up建立、設(shè)立、 They set up a new business together. 他們一起創(chuàng)辦了一家新企業(yè)。 The organization was set up to support local artists. 該組織成立是為了支持本地藝術(shù)家 set構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ) ?拓展:set off for + 地點(diǎn) 出發(fā)前往某地 set off on a new journey 動(dòng)身踏上新旅程 set off 動(dòng)身;出發(fā);點(diǎn)燃 (set off fireworks 放煙火set off the alarm 使警報(bào)響起) set up 開(kāi)辦;建立 set down 寫(xiě)下;制定 set an example (to…) 給…樹(shù)立榜樣 set sb. free 釋放某人 a set of sth 一套...;一組... 【典例分析】 1.—When will you to have a trip to the beach? ? —Some day next month. A. put out B. work out C. set off D. check out 2. -- The government of Hefei plans to _________ more nature parks in 5 years. -- Sounds good. A. set up B. use up C. look up D. pick up 要點(diǎn) 8 endangered endangered瀕危的 (1) danger n. 危險(xiǎn) in danger 處于危險(xiǎn)中 out of danger 脫離危險(xiǎn) (2) endanger v. 危及;使遭受危險(xiǎn) (3) dangerous adj. 危險(xiǎn)的 【典例分析】 1.The girl is in . 這個(gè)女孩處于危險(xiǎn)之中。 2.It is to play with fire. 玩火是危險(xiǎn)的。 3.Pandas are animals.熊貓是瀕危動(dòng)物 4. Nowadays so many animals _______ danger, we should take actions to save them. A. is in B. are in C. is out of D. are out of 5. Many birds are out of ____________ now, because we have done a lot of things to protect __________ birds. A. dangerous; endangered B. danger; dangerous C. endangered; danger D. danger; endangered 要點(diǎn) 9. cover 作為動(dòng)詞?, cover的基本含義是“覆蓋”,指用某物遮蓋在另一物體上面。例如: 1.Please cover the table with a cloth. 請(qǐng)用布蓋住桌子。 2.The highway was covered with snow. 公路被雪覆蓋著。 cover還可以表示“包含”或“涉及”。例如: 1.These regulations cover such cases. 這些規(guī)定適用于這類(lèi)情況。 2.His reading covers a wide range of subjects. 他閱讀的書(shū)籍涉及多種學(xué)科。 cover還有“采訪(fǎng)、報(bào)道”的意思。例如: Jack covered the Gulf War for CNN then. 杰克當(dāng)時(shí)替美國(guó)有線(xiàn)新聞電視網(wǎng)報(bào)導(dǎo)海灣戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。 2.作為名詞?,cover可以指“封面”或“報(bào)道”。例如: The magazine had an interesting cover story. 這本雜志有一篇有趣的封面報(bào)道。 ?be covered with? 是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式,表示“被...覆蓋”而強(qiáng)調(diào)覆蓋的狀態(tài),例如: The road is covered with snow. 這條路被雪覆蓋了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)的狀態(tài)) The mountain tops are covered with snow. 白雪覆蓋著山頂。(強(qiáng)調(diào)的狀態(tài)) ?be covered by? 側(cè)重于被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作,表示某物被另一物覆蓋,強(qiáng)調(diào)覆蓋的動(dòng)作或過(guò)程。例如, ?These expenses are covered by the state. ?這些費(fèi)用由國(guó)家承擔(dān)。這句話(huà)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是國(guó)家承擔(dān)費(fèi)用的動(dòng)作。 【典例分析】 1. What a dirty room it is! The desks and chairs are all covered ________ dust (灰塵). We should clean it at once! A. for B. by C. with D. of 2. — How do you like the newspaper 21st Century? — Wonderful. It _________ many news stories all over the world. A. covers B. talks C. writes D. says 3.媽媽用一塊布將桌子覆蓋起來(lái)。(完成句子) Mother_________the table_______a piece of cloth. 4.冬天到了。大地覆蓋著厚厚的白雪。(完成句子) Winter comes, the land _______ _____ _______thick white snow. 5. 一位記者正在采訪(fǎng)全紅禪 A journalist________ ________ Quan Hongchan 要點(diǎn) 10 discover discover v. 發(fā)現(xiàn);找到;發(fā)覺(jué) 【例句】 The new star was discovered by a Chinese scientist. 這顆新星是一位中國(guó)科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)的。 【辨析】find,discover與invent find側(cè)重于指找到丟失或遺忘的東西或人;discover指發(fā)現(xiàn)某種情況或發(fā)現(xiàn)早已存在而未為人知的東西;invent則表示發(fā)明以前不存在的東西。 【典例分析】 用find, discover和invent的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.Gilbert ___________ electricity and Edison ___________the electric light bulb. 2.Could you please tell us about the four great___________(發(fā)明)of China? 3. If you could ________ something new,what product would you develop? 4. He’s a real person, not __________n a dream. 5.Cai Lun ___________ the paper. 6.We’ve ________________ a solution to the problem 要點(diǎn) 11 by hand by hand by此處用作介詞,意為“(表示方式、手段等)用;靠” o by:① “在……的旁邊”,表示位置,=near,beside 。 There is an old house by the lake. 在湖旁有一座老房子。 ② “從……的旁邊經(jīng)過(guò)路過(guò)”,表示移動(dòng)方向。 An old friend passed by me without stopping.一位老朋友從我身邊經(jīng)過(guò),沒(méi)有停留。 ③ “不遲于,在……之前”, You must finish the work by Friday. ④ “ 通過(guò),用”,表示方法手段。如: I learn English by listening to the radio. 我通過(guò)聽(tīng)收音機(jī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)。 ⑤ “被,由,受”,用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如: The cake is eaten by the boy. 這塊蛋糕被那個(gè)小男孩吃了。 【典例分析】 一、指出下列各句‘by’的用法 1.There is a house by the river. 2.An old friend passed by me without stopping. 3.You must finish this work by Friday 4.I learn English by listening to the radio. 5.The cake was eaten by that little boy 點(diǎn)12 finish finish v. 完成 finish后面可接名詞或v.-ing形式,有時(shí)可用作不及物動(dòng)詞,如: finish此處用作不及物動(dòng)詞, 意為“完成; 做好“. 例:Hisworkfinishesat5:00.他5點(diǎn)下班。 finish的用法 finish作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),意為“完成;做好” 【拓展】能接v.-ing作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞還有:practice; enjoy; mind; keep等。 practice doing sth. 練習(xí)做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事 mind doing sth.介意做某事 keep doing sth. 一直做某事 like doing sth 喜歡做某事 【典例分析】 1.?你幾點(diǎn)吃完晚飯? What time do you _______ _______? 2.我通常七點(diǎn)之前做完運(yùn)動(dòng)。 I usually _______ _______ _______ before 7:00. 3. 吉姆通常在8點(diǎn)前完成他的家庭作業(yè), Jim usually _________ _________ his homework before 8: 00 4. —When is your birthday party? —At 5:00 p.m. It at 8:00 p.m. It lasts(持續(xù)) three hours. A. takes B. finishes C. needs D. comes 5. Tom goes to bed after he finishes TV. A. watching B. watches C. watch D. to watch 要點(diǎn)13 France France n. 法國(guó) French 作名詞時(shí),意為“法語(yǔ)”;作形容詞時(shí),意為“法國(guó)的;”。 【注意】作“法國(guó)人”,F(xiàn)renchman 復(fù)數(shù) Frenchmen Europe n. 歐洲 European adj. 歐洲的 n. 歐洲人 【典例分析】 1. 用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1)We are from China and we are C_________. 2)New York is an A_________ city. 3)Jane is English. She is from E_________. 4)They are ____________ (Europe). 5)They are from ____________ (Europe) 2.Fan Bingbing is from __________ and she is __________.21com A.?Chinese; China?????????????B.?China; Chinese?????????????C.?Chinese; Chinese?????????????D.?China; China 3.The girl is from________ and she is ________. A. Japan; Japanese B. English; England C. American; America D. Chinese; China 4. I don ’t come from ____, but I am good at ____. A. French, France B. France, French C. French, French D. France, France 要點(diǎn)14 lie lie的用法 (1)作為動(dòng)詞,意為“平躺;撒謊;位于”。作“躺”解時(shí),其過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞分別為lay, lain;作“撒謊”解時(shí),其過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞分別是lied, lied。其現(xiàn)在分詞都是lying。 My grandmother likes lying in the sun. 我奶奶喜歡躺在太陽(yáng)底下。 Tom likes lying to others. 湯姆喜歡跟他人撒謊。 My hometown lies in the east of the city. 我的家鄉(xiāng)位于城市東部。 (2)作為名詞,意為“謊言”。常用于tell a lie/lies to sb.意為“跟某人撒謊”。 Nobody likes Tom because he is always telling lies to people. 沒(méi)有人喜歡湯姆,因?yàn)樗偸窍矚g跟人們?nèi)鲋e。 【典例分析】 1.He is ________ ________ ________ ________(躺在床上) and watching TV. 2.If you don't feel very well, you should ________ ________ (躺下來(lái)) and have a rest. 3.不要對(duì)我撒謊。 Don’t me. 4.他從不說(shuō)謊。 He never _____________ 5 貓正臥在爐火旁。 The cat is____________ by the fire. 要點(diǎn)15 such as such as意為“例如”,用來(lái)“羅列”同類(lèi)人或物中的幾個(gè)例子,可置于被列舉的事物與前面的名詞之間,但 such as后邊不能用逗號(hào)。 例如: I have many hobbies such as reading, dancing and singing. 我有很多愛(ài)好,如讀書(shū),跳舞和唱歌。 Many of the English programs are welcome, such as Follow Me, Follow Me to Science. 其中有許多英語(yǔ)節(jié)目很受歡迎,例如《跟我學(xué)》《跟我學(xué)科學(xué)》。 English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia, Canada and so on. 許多國(guó)家說(shuō)英語(yǔ),如澳大利亞加拿大等。 拓展: for example也意為“例如”,但是強(qiáng)調(diào)“舉例”說(shuō)明,而且一般只舉同類(lèi)人或物中的一個(gè)作為插入語(yǔ),且用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。for example可置于句首、句中或句末。 例如: There are many kinds of pollution, for example, noise is a kind of pollution. 有許多種污染方式,例如噪音就是一種污染。 Many students like playing computer games,for example,Mike. 許多學(xué)生喜歡玩電腦游戲,比如邁克。 【典例分析】 1. Many students have different hobbies _________________ collecting stamps, swimming, singing. A. for example B. such as C. as D. as examples 2. 用for example, such as或like填空 1) He studies hard. _______________, he does his homework every night. 2)The boy likes vegetables, _______________ , cabbages. 3) Mary is __________ her father. 4)He can speak four languages, ____________ Chinese and English. 5) English is spoken in many countries, _____________Australia and Canada. 3. The fruit store has many kinds of fruit, apples, bananas and mangoes. A. like B. for example C. such as D. as well as 4.Kevin likes animals, ______ monkeys and pandas. A. so B. so as C. such as D. such 要點(diǎn) 16:step step n. (a)臺(tái)階 (b) 腳步 (c) 步驟 v. 邁步;跨步 (1)step by step 一步一步地 (2)take steps 采取措施 She walked on a few steps. 她繼續(xù)走了幾步。 Neil Armstrong became the first man to step on the Moon. 尼爾·阿姆斯特朗成了登月第一人。 【拓展】 (1)step by step 一步一步地 We should finish our plan step by step. 我們要一步一步地去完成我們的計(jì)劃。 (2)watch your step 注意腳下 Watch your step before you get in. 當(dāng)你進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)注意腳下。 (3)take steps 采取措施 We should take steps to stop war. 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)采取措施制止戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。 【典例分析】 1.We should take _____________ (step)to make our study better. 要點(diǎn) 17. be home to be home to 這個(gè)短語(yǔ)在英語(yǔ)中表示“對(duì)某物而言是故鄉(xiāng)、家園、棲息地或產(chǎn)地”。它是一個(gè)形容詞短語(yǔ),home前面不需要冠詞。例如,Vienna is home to Mozart 表示維也納是莫扎特的故鄉(xiāng). New York is home to the global finance industry. 紐約是世界金融業(yè)的中心。 The Earth is home to both animals and humans 地球是動(dòng)物和人類(lèi)的家園 【典例分析】 1.地球是動(dòng)物和人類(lèi)的家園 The Earth _____________both animals and humans 要點(diǎn)18 in the north (south / east / west) of ... 在……的北部(南部 / 東部 / 西部)。 辨析: in the + 方位名詞 + of ..., 指在某一范圍內(nèi)的地區(qū); to the + 方位名詞 + of ..., 指互不接壤的兩個(gè)地區(qū); on the + 方位名詞 + of ..., 指接壤的兩個(gè)地區(qū)。如: 【典例分析】 用適當(dāng)介詞填空 1. Hong Kong is________ the south of China. 2. Japan is _________the east of China. 3. Canada is________ the north of the US. 4. Shanghai is a big city ______________ the east coast of China. A. by B. on C. in D. at 5. Taiwan is ______________ south of China and _____________ southeast of Fujian. A. in ; in B. on ; in C. to ; on D. in ; to 要點(diǎn) 19. centre centre n. 中心點(diǎn);中心。in the centre of 在……的中心。如: a shopping/sports/community centre 購(gòu)物/運(yùn)動(dòng)/社區(qū)中心。 the centre of a circle圓心 a long table in the centre of the room 房間中央的長(zhǎng)桌 in the town/city centre 在鎮(zhèn)/市中心區(qū) ?There is a beautiful park in the centre of the city. 城市中心有一座美麗的公園。 central 是形容詞,表示“中心的、中央的” 【典例分析】 1. ______ of the garden, there’s a fountain. A. In the centre B. In centre C. On the centre D. On centre 2.Beijing is one of the ______________ (centre) cities in the world 3. Zhujiang New Town is ________ Guangzhou and there are many modern buildings. A. in centre of B. in the centre C. in centres of D. in the centre of 要點(diǎn) 20 one of+the或其他限定詞+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù) “one of+the或其他限定詞+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”指在某一范圍內(nèi)“最……之一”,該結(jié)構(gòu)做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。 【典例分析】 1.長(zhǎng)江是世界上最長(zhǎng)的河流之一。 The Changjiang River is _______ ________ ________ _________ _________ in the world. 2.他是我們班最優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生之一。 He ________ ________ ________ _________ _________ ________ in our class 3. Teahouse is one of ____________________________ plays. A. the Lao She’s most famous B. Lao She’s the most famous C. the more famous D. Lao She’s most famous 4. One of the best plays “Teahouse” ________________ still popular among the old today. A. be B. is C. are D. was 知識(shí)要點(diǎn)二、語(yǔ)法 專(zhuān)有名詞 英語(yǔ)中的專(zhuān)有名詞表示特定的人名、地名、機(jī)構(gòu)或組織名、書(shū)名、節(jié)日名或者日期名等的專(zhuān)用名稱(chēng)。 專(zhuān)有名詞前一般不加冠詞,并且每個(gè)單詞的首字母都需要大寫(xiě),但其中的虛詞,如冠詞、介詞等的首字母一般不大寫(xiě),也可以將所有的字母都大寫(xiě)。注意,普通名詞構(gòu)成的專(zhuān)有前面需要加定冠詞。 1. 專(zhuān)有名詞的分類(lèi) (1). 表示人名,姓和名要分開(kāi),首字母都要大寫(xiě)。如:Tom, Tim Smith, Xu Haitao。 (2). 表示地名、國(guó)名。如:France, the United Nations, the Great Wall。 (3). 表示組織,機(jī)構(gòu)名。如 the World Trade Organization, (4). 表示星期、月份。如:Monday, January, October。 (5). 表示節(jié)日。如:the Spring Festival,Christmas, New Year。 (6). 表示書(shū)名、文章名。如:Oxford English, My Summer Holiday。 專(zhuān)有名詞的特征 (1). 一般情況下,專(zhuān)有名詞的第一個(gè)字母要大寫(xiě),前面不用不定冠詞“a”或“an”,通常沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。 (2). 組織結(jié)構(gòu)和中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的節(jié)日前,要加冠詞The。 (3). 國(guó)家名是由多個(gè)名詞組成,要加冠詞the. 專(zhuān)有名詞如果是含有普通名詞的短語(yǔ),則必須使用定冠詞the. (4). 姓氏名如果采用復(fù)數(shù)形式,則表示某一家人(復(fù)數(shù)含義)。如the Greens (格林一家) 并列連詞 and but so和or用法 (1) and 意為“和;并且”,表示并列關(guān)系。 例如:肉和魚(yú)是健康食物。Meat and fish are healthy food. (2)but 轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。 例如:他很努力學(xué)習(xí),但是這次考試還是沒(méi)及格。 He studies hard, but he failed in this exam. (3) so意為“因此”,表示因果關(guān)系。 例如:它有兩個(gè)翅膀,因此它會(huì)飛。 It has two wings, so it can fly. (4) or意為“或者”,表示選擇關(guān)系。or意為“或者,否則”,做“和,并且”講時(shí)常用于否定句中。 例如:你喜歡米飯還是面包? Do you like rice or bread? I don't like apples or bananas.???我不喜歡蘋(píng)果和香蕉。 【典例分析】 用連詞and, but, so, or, though 填空。(一定要學(xué)會(huì)判斷前后句的邏輯關(guān)系) 1. My brother is ill, __________ I have to stay at home. 2. He has a lot of money, ___________ he spends little. 3. Take some medicine, ___________ you will feel better. 4. I came to see him, __________ he was not at home. 5. Work hard, ___________ you will pass the English exam. 6. Work hard, ___________ you will not pass the English exam. 7. My brother likes noodles, __________ he does not like rice at all. 8. I want to go to the park __________ fly a kite there. 9. You had better take a taxi, _____________ you will miss the train. 10. We felt very happy ___________ we were very tired today.. 二、單項(xiàng)選擇 1.—Which do you prefer(更喜歡), tea coffee? —Tea, please. A. but B. so C. or D. and 2. I can play the guitar, __________ I can’t play it well. A. or B. and C. but D. so 3.A better future is the goal of the Chinese people, _____ it's also the common interest of the world. A. so B. and C. or D. but 4.The film seems interesting ______ we all want to see it. A. and B. but C. unless D. if 5.Emily, you are playing video games again! Study hard, ______ you will fail in the coming exam. A. then B. so C. and D. or 6. Help others whenever you can, _______you’ll make the world a nicer place to live. A and B. or C. unless D. but 7.—Where is Leo? He said he would come tonight! —Yes, he did say so, ______ we can’t find him now . A. and B. so C. but D. or 8.—I have a basketball ________ two baseballs. —Well,I have a basketball,________ I don't have a baseball. A.a(chǎn)nd;and B.but;and C.a(chǎn)nd;but D.but;but 知識(shí)要點(diǎn)三、書(shū)面表達(dá) 【話(huà)題分析】 本單元寫(xiě)作話(huà)題是寫(xiě)一份旅行明信片,運(yùn)用目標(biāo)單詞和短語(yǔ)及句式進(jìn)行介紹。明信片上空間有限,寫(xiě)下真正想和朋友分享的事情;使用簡(jiǎn)短的句子。寫(xiě)作時(shí)注意這幾點(diǎn): a.明信片的基本格式 b.寫(xiě)下和朋友分享事情。(目的地的基本情況,你做過(guò)的事情和將要做的事情) 本單元以“旅行”為話(huà)題。通過(guò)本單元(Travelling around the world)和七上第六單元(Travelling around Asia)我們要建立一個(gè)共同的聯(lián)系。學(xué)會(huì)介紹自己就家鄉(xiāng)和你喜歡的旅游景點(diǎn)。以國(guó)家,城市及家鄉(xiāng)景點(diǎn)介紹為主線(xiàn),設(shè)置的寫(xiě)作題目可能與國(guó)家,城市或家鄉(xiāng)景點(diǎn)的介紹有關(guān)。在寫(xiě)作的時(shí)候,我們要從歷史,文化,地理位置,名勝等方面進(jìn)行描述。寫(xiě)作注意以下幾點(diǎn): 一、目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),關(guān)于旅行地點(diǎn)介紹的單詞和短語(yǔ)。 二、內(nèi)容可以包括以下幾個(gè)方面: 1.旅游的目的地(地理位置,總體特色) 2.名勝古跡。(自然景觀,人文歷史) 3.美食特色。 4.交通。 5.文娛活動(dòng)。 6.住宿,購(gòu)物體驗(yàn)等。 三、通過(guò)寫(xiě)作訓(xùn)練復(fù)習(xí)本單元的詞匯及句型,并提升熱愛(ài)家鄉(xiāng)的意識(shí). 【短語(yǔ)積累】 1. 坐落在... _____________________ 2. 一個(gè)有著悠久歷史的城市_____________________ 3. 名勝 _____________________ 4. 在……的中心 _____________________ 5. 旅游景點(diǎn)__________________________ 6. 到處游玩 _____________________ 7. 在……的西北部 _____________________ 8. 以….而聞名________________ 9. (對(duì)人/物)一見(jiàn)鐘情_(kāi)__________________ 10. 玩得盡興_____________________ 11. 中西風(fēng)格的融合_______________ 12. 一個(gè)必看的地方_____________________ 13.欣賞自然之美_____________________ 14.歷史遺跡_____________________ 15. 開(kāi)拓視野 _____________________ 16. 在...的北方_____________________ 17. 去海灘_____________________ 18.更喜歡_____________________ 【句式積累】 1. 法國(guó)是世界上訪(fǎng)問(wèn)人數(shù)最多的國(guó)家之一 2.法國(guó)是一個(gè)歷史悠久、文化豐富的國(guó)家。 3. 如果你想去參觀一些世界著名的百貨商店,這是最好的地方。 4.這是夏天度假的完美地方。 5.它位于法國(guó)東南海岸,以其美麗的海灘而聞名。 6.法國(guó)適合所有人,所以為什么不今年去法國(guó)呢? 7.我們一到達(dá)…… 就被…… 吸引了。 8.我們參觀了很多名勝古跡,比如…… 【實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練】 香港是一個(gè)國(guó)際化大都市。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下面的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn),寫(xiě)一篇關(guān)于去香港旅游的短文。70字左右。 內(nèi)容包括: 1. 香港是一個(gè)購(gòu)物的好去處。 2. 香港海洋公園里有很多動(dòng)物,還可以看到海豚表演。 3. 在市中心,你可以品嘗世界各地的美食。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ Country國(guó)家People人Language語(yǔ)言單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)China(中國(guó))ChineseChineseChineseJapan(日本)JapaneseJapaneseJapaneseAmerica(美國(guó))AmericanAmericansEnglishEngland(英格蘭)English/EnglishmanEnglish/EnglishmenEnglishFrance(法國(guó))FrenchmanFrenchmenFrenchGermany(德國(guó))GermanGermansGermanin表示在地點(diǎn)內(nèi)部on表示兩地接壤to表示兩地相隔
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