高考英語閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題主要考查學(xué)生根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容獲取特定信息的能力。以下是一個詳細(xì)的做題模板，旨在幫助學(xué)生高效、準(zhǔn)確地解答這類題目：
模板01 段首句
【2024新課標(biāo)II卷】Overturism Is Fr Real: Hw Can Yu Help?
Travel prmtes understanding, expands ur minds, makes us better peple, and bsts lcal ecnmies and cmmunities, but the rapid grwth f travel has led t verturism in certain regins and destinatins. ___16___ Certainly nt. The lss f what travel ffers wuld be unacceptable in tday’s wrld. Here are sme tips n making wise decisins t minimize pressure n the places we visit and imprve ur experience.
●Chse mindfully. Overvisited destinatins are that way fr a reasn: they’re special. With s many nline psts featuring the same places, it’s easy t feel like yu’re missing ut. G smewhere nly when the landscape, culture r fd deeply draws yu. ___17___
●Get creative. The best way t ease pressure n ver-turisted destinatins is t g smewhere else. Thugh verturism is described as a prblem affecting the entire wrld, it’s actually cncentrated t a small number f extremely ppular spts. That means yu have tns f less-visited ptins t chse frm. ___18___ Why nt try a reginal alternative r check ut a ppular destinatin’s lesser-knwn sights?
● ___19___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping majr hlidays r rush hur. Yu’ll cmpete with fewer turists, save mney, experience a different side f a ppular place, and bst the ecnmy when turism is traditinally slwer.
Visiting a place that thers call hme is a privilege(榮幸). D yur part t preserve what makes a destinatin special in the first place. ___20___ Yu may be amazed hw much clser yu’ll feel t the peple there.
A. Visit during ff-peak times.
B. S, shuld we stp traveling?
C. Travel fr yu and n ne else.
D. Can verturism be avided then?
E. Yu can still find relatively undiscvered places.
F. Yu’ll find yurself virtually alne, r clse t it.
G. Cnsider giving back t the cmmunities yu’re visiting.
第 16 題
1.通讀全文，理解大意：文章圍繞 “過度旅游”（Overturism）這一現(xiàn)象展開，先是指出旅游雖有諸多好處，但過度旅游在某些地區(qū)已成為問題，然后給出了一些幫助緩解過度旅游壓力、做出明智旅行決策的建議，如用心選擇目的地、另辟蹊徑選擇小眾地點以及避開高峰時段出行等。
2.瀏覽選項，標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞：
B 選項：關(guān)鍵詞 “shuld”“stp traveling”，涉及是否應(yīng)該停止旅行的疑問表述。
3.分析空白處前后文：前文提到 “the rapid grwth f travel has led t verturism in certain regins and destinatins.（旅游業(yè)的快速增長導(dǎo)致了某些地區(qū)和目的地出現(xiàn)過度旅游現(xiàn)象。）” 指出了過度旅游的問題，空白處后 “Certainly nt. The lss f what travel ffers wuld be unacceptable in tday’s wrld.（當(dāng)然不是。在當(dāng)今世界，失去旅行所帶來的東西是不可接受的。）” 是對前面疑問的否定回答以及解釋原因。
4.匹配選項與空白處：B 選項 “S, shuld we stp traveling?（那么，我們應(yīng)該停止旅行嗎？）” 提出了一個基于前文提到過度旅游問題而產(chǎn)生的疑問，與后文的回答及解釋邏輯連貫，能夠自然地引出后文內(nèi)容，符合此處上下文的語境銜接。
5.復(fù)讀全文，驗證答案：將 B 選項代入文中，通讀后發(fā)現(xiàn)句子與上下文銜接順暢，符合文章圍繞過度旅游現(xiàn)象探討應(yīng)對辦法的邏輯順序。
第 17 題
1.通讀全文，理解大意：（同上文整體文章大意，此處略）
2.瀏覽選項，標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞：
C 選項：關(guān)鍵詞 “Travel”“fr yu”，強(qiáng)調(diào)旅行要從自身出發(fā)的意思。
3.分析空白處前后文：前文 “G smewhere nly when the landscape, culture r fd deeply draws yu.（只有當(dāng)那里的風(fēng)景、文化或食物深深吸引你時，再去那個地方。）” 在建議要依據(jù)自身喜好選擇旅行目的地，空白處應(yīng)是對這種基于自身感受選擇旅行地的進(jìn)一步闡述或總結(jié)。
4.匹配選項與空白處：C 選項 “Travel fr yu and n ne else.（為自己而旅行，而非為其他人。）” 與前文所表達(dá)的按照自己內(nèi)心被吸引的因素去選擇旅行地點的意思相符，進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)了旅行要以自己的感受為主，邏輯合理，使上下文銜接自然。
5.復(fù)讀全文，驗證答案：代入 C 選項后，全文在此處的邏輯通順，語句銜接自然，符合文章對于用心選擇旅行目的地這一建議的論述邏輯。
第 18 題
1.通讀全文，理解大意：（同上文整體文章大意，此處略）
2.瀏覽選項，標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞：
E 選項：關(guān)鍵詞 “relatively undiscvered places”，與小眾、未被充分發(fā)現(xiàn)的地點相關(guān)。
3.分析空白處前后文：前文 “That means yu have tns f less-visited ptins t chse frm.（這意味著你有大量游客較少的選擇可供挑選。）” 提到有很多游客少的地方可供選擇，空白處后 “Why nt try a reginal alternative r check ut a ppular destinatin’s lesser-knwn sights?（為什么不嘗試選擇一個地區(qū)性的替代地點或者去看看熱門目的地中那些不太知名的景點呢？）” 進(jìn)一步舉例說明可以選擇的小眾地點類型。
4.匹配選項與空白處：E 選項 “Yu can still find relatively undiscvered places.（你仍然可以找到相對未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的地方。）” 承接了前文提到的有很多游客少的選擇這一內(nèi)容，對其進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步說明，同時也與后文舉例說明小眾地點相呼應(yīng)，邏輯連貫，使文章此處的敘述更流暢。
5.復(fù)讀全文，驗證答案：將 E 選項代入文中，通讀后能感覺到此處銜接自然，符合文章對于尋找小眾旅行地點以緩解過度旅游壓力這一建議的闡述邏輯。
第 19 題
1.通讀全文，理解大意：（同上文整體文章大意，此處略）
2.瀏覽選項，標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞：
A 選項：關(guān)鍵詞 “Visit”“ff-peak times”，關(guān)乎避開高峰時段出行的內(nèi)容。
3.分析空白處前后文：后文 “Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping majr hlidays r rush hur.（通過避開主要節(jié)假日或高峰時段來盡量減少影響并最大化旅行體驗。）” 具體闡述了避開高峰時段旅行的好處，空白處作為這部分內(nèi)容的小標(biāo)題，應(yīng)該概括這一建議的核心，即選擇在非高峰時段出行。
4.匹配選項與空白處：A 選項 “Visit during ff-peak times.（在非高峰時段出行參觀。）” 能夠準(zhǔn)確概括后文所表達(dá)的避開高峰時段旅行的意思，起到了提綱挈領(lǐng)的作用，在邏輯上與后文緊密相連，使文章關(guān)于這一旅行建議的論述更清晰。
5.復(fù)讀全文，驗證答案：把 A 選項代入文中后，通讀發(fā)現(xiàn)句子與上下文銜接順暢，符合文意圍繞緩解過度旅游壓力給出不同建議的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)。
第 20 題
1.通讀全文，理解大意：（同上文整體文章大意，此處略）
2.瀏覽選項，標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞：
G 選項：關(guān)鍵詞 “giving back”“cmmunities”，涉及回饋所到訪社區(qū)的內(nèi)容。
3.分析空白處前后文：前文 “D yur part t preserve what makes a destinatin special in the first place.（盡自己的一份力去保護(hù)使一個目的地最初變得特別的東西。）” 強(qiáng)調(diào)要為保護(hù)目的地做貢獻(xiàn)，空白處后 “Yu may be amazed hw much clser yu’ll feel t the peple there.（你可能會驚訝于自己與那里的人們感覺親近了許多。）” 說明這樣做的好處。
4.匹配選項與空白處：G 選項 “Cnsider giving back t the cmmunities yu’re visiting.（考慮回饋你正在訪問的社區(qū)。）” 承接了前文要為保護(hù)目的地出力的意思，具體指出可以通過回饋社區(qū)的方式來做貢獻(xiàn)，同時也能合理地引出后文提到的與當(dāng)?shù)厝烁H近的好處，邏輯連貫，使文章此處的論述更完整。
5.復(fù)讀全文，驗證答案：將 G 選項代入文中，通讀全文，句子與上下文銜接自然流暢，符合文章整體的文意和邏輯。
It’s an imprtant rule that yu cannt ask family members fr recmmendatin letters. 1 . In ther wrds, it’s a cnflict f interest. It’s als likely that yur family members d nt knw hw yu perfrm in a schl envirnment, s their input might nt be s relevant t yur applicatin. 2
Asking persnal friends fr a recmmendatin is nt a definite n-n. It’s nt autmatically a cnflict f interest. Hwever, yu shuld have a gd reasn fr asking yur friend. Fr example, is yur friend an alumnus (男校友) r alumna (女校友) f the schl yu are applying fr? If s, it wuld be acceptable t ask them fr a letter f recmmendatin. Fr example, they will be able t include meaningful anecdtes that speak t yur character and ptential. 3 .Smene yu vlunteered with
If yu’ve dne sme vlunteering, yu can reach ut t the supervisr f yur vlunteer prgram and ask fr a letter f recmmendatin. 4 , they will still be able t cmment n yur wrk ethic (職業(yè)道德) and yur ability t wrk with a team. Including a letter frm smene yu vlunteered with will shw schl admissins fficers that yu care abut giving back t the cmmunity. Vlunteering is a great way t prve yu are a well-runded persn. Yur vlunteer prgram supervisr can be a helpful resurce, even if yur vlunteer experience was nt in the field yu want t pursue a career in.Smene yu wrked with r fr
If yu have any wrk experience, whether it be a part-time jb r an internship, reaching ut t yur supervisr r manager can be a gd idea. 5 . Including a letter frm smene yu wrked with will shw schl admissins fficers that yu are respnsible and capable f handling tasks and respnsibilities. It is imprtant t nte that if yu were fired r had a bad experience at this jb, it may nt be the best idea t ask fr a recmmendatin letter frm this emplyer.
A．Be careful when asking persnal friends
B．Yu’d better nt ask persnal friends fr recmmendatin
C．As lng as yu have a gd impressin n them
D．They will be able t cmment n yur wrk ethic and ability
E．Schl admissin fficers believe their views f yu are biased
F．If nt, they might nt be the best persn t ask fr a recmmendatin letter
G．Even thugh yur vlunteer prgram supervisr was nt technically yur bss
模板02 段中句
【2024新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷】Nt all great writers are great spellers. If yu want t be published, it's vital t submit a perfect, prfessinally presented manuscript (原稿). ____36____ N editr is likely t tlerate a writer wh des nt take the truble t spell wrds crrectly.
I keep tw reference bks clse-by n my desk: dictinary and thesaurus (同義詞詞典). I dn't trust my laptp's spellchecker. ____37____ Of curse, these days there are plenty f nline dictinaries and thesauruses, but I'm ld-fashined enugh t prefer a hard cver and pages I can leaf thrugh with my fingers. I use the Cncise Oxfrd Dictinary and the Cllins Thesaurus.
____38____ It shuld give yu a precise definitin f each wrd, thus differentiating it frm ther wrds whse meanings are similar, but nt identical. It will als usually shw hw the wrd is prnunced.
In additin, I have an ld tw-vlume cpy f the Shrter Oxfrd Dictinary, picked up a few years ag in a bkshp sale fr just 99 pence. Of curse, with its 2,672 pages, it's nt exactly shrt. It cntains arund 163,000 wrds, plus wrd cmbinatins and idimatic phrases. ____39____ Hwever, if I need t check the rigin f a wrd r t lk up examples f its usage, there's nthing better.
Fr well ver a hundred years the mst influential English dictinary was Samuel Jhnsn's Dictinary f the English Language published in 1755. "T make dictinaries is dull (乏味) wrk," wrte Jhnsn, illustrating ne definitin f "dull". ____40____ A few minutes spent casting yur eye ver a page r tw can be a rewarding experience.
A. I dn't ften use this dictinary.
B. It takes n accunt f the cntext.
C. But I still dn't want t replace them.
D. But a dictinary can be a pleasure t read.
E. Of curse, a dictinary is nt nly fr spelling.
F. That means gd grammar and n spelling mistakes.
G. Dictinaries dn't always give yu enugh infrmatin.
第 36 題
1.通讀全文，理解大意：文章主要圍繞寫作過程中使用字典等參考書籍來確保稿件準(zhǔn)確無誤這一主題展開，介紹了作者桌上常備的字典、同義詞詞典，以及不同字典的特點和用途等內(nèi)容。
2.瀏覽選項，標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞：
F 選項：關(guān)鍵詞 “gd grammar”“spelling mistakes”，涉及語法和拼寫錯誤方面的內(nèi)容，與寫作稿件的準(zhǔn)確性相關(guān)。
3.分析空白處前后文：前文 “If yu want t be published, it's vital t submit a perfect, prfessinally presented manuscript (原稿).（如果你想發(fā)表作品，提交一份完美的、專業(yè)呈現(xiàn)的稿件是至關(guān)重要的。）” 強(qiáng)調(diào)稿件要完美，空白處后 “N editr is likely t tlerate a writer wh des nt take the truble t spell wrds crrectly.（沒有編輯可能會容忍一個不費心正確拼寫單詞的作者。）” 突出了拼寫正確的重要性。
4.匹配選項與空白處：F 選項 “That means gd grammar and n spelling mistakes.（這意味著良好的語法和沒有拼寫錯誤。）” 對前文提到的 “完美稿件” 進(jìn)行了具體說明，解釋了完美稿件需要具備的要素，同時與后文強(qiáng)調(diào)拼寫正確相呼應(yīng)，邏輯連貫，使文意銜接自然。
5.復(fù)讀全文，驗證答案：將 F 選項代入文中，通讀后發(fā)現(xiàn)句子與上下文銜接順暢，符合文章圍繞寫作稿件準(zhǔn)確性進(jìn)行論述的邏輯。
第 37 題
1.通讀全文，理解大意：（同上文整體文章大意，此處略）
2.瀏覽選項，標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞：
C 選項：關(guān)鍵詞 “replace”“them”，涉及替換相關(guān)事物的內(nèi)容，這里 “them” 應(yīng)指代前文提到的參考書籍。
3.分析空白處前后文：前文 “I dn't trust my laptp's spellchecker.（我不相信我筆記本電腦的拼寫檢查程序。）” 表明作者對電腦拼寫檢查程序的態(tài)度，空白處后 “Of curse, these days there are plenty f nline dictinaries and thesauruses, but I'm ld-fashined enugh t prefer a hard cver and pages I can leaf thrugh with my fingers.（當(dāng)然，如今有大量的在線詞典和同義詞詞典，但我很守舊，更喜歡能手指翻閱的紙質(zhì)封面和書頁。）” 進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)了作者對紙質(zhì)參考書籍的偏愛。
4.匹配選項與空白處：C 選項 “But I still dn't want t replace them.（但我仍然不想替換它們。）” 中的 “them” 指代前文提到的像字典、同義詞詞典這類紙質(zhì)參考書籍，承接了前文對電腦拼寫檢查程序的不信任，又引出后文對紙質(zhì)書籍的喜愛，邏輯合理，使上下文過渡自然。
5.復(fù)讀全文，驗證答案：代入 C 選項后，全文在此處的邏輯通順，語句銜接自然，符合文章對于作者選擇參考書籍偏好的闡述。
第 38 題
1.通讀全文，理解大意：（同上文整體文章大意，此處略）
2.瀏覽選項，標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞：
E 選項：關(guān)鍵詞 “dictinary”“nt nly fr spelling”，點明字典的用途不止于拼寫這一點。
3.分析空白處前后文：后文 “It shuld give yu a precise definitin f each wrd, thus differentiating it frm ther wrds whse meanings are similar, but nt identical. It will als usually shw hw the wrd is prnunced.（它應(yīng)該給你每個單詞一個精確的定義，從而將其與意思相似但不完全相同的其他單詞區(qū)分開來。它通常也會顯示這個單詞的發(fā)音。）” 詳細(xì)介紹了字典除拼寫之外的其他作用，如釋義、發(fā)音等。
4.匹配選項與空白處：E 選項 “Of curse, a dictinary is nt nly fr spelling.（當(dāng)然，字典不僅僅是用于拼寫的。）” 能夠很好地引出后文關(guān)于字典其他功能的介紹，起到了承上啟下的作用，在邏輯上與后文緊密相連，使文章關(guān)于字典作用的論述更完整。
5.復(fù)讀全文，驗證答案：把 E 選項代入文中后，通讀發(fā)現(xiàn)句子與上下文銜接順暢，符合文意圍繞字典功能展開介紹的邏輯。
第 39 題
1.通讀全文，理解大意：（同上文整體文章大意，此處略）
2.瀏覽選項，標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞：
A 選項：關(guān)鍵詞 “this dictinary”，應(yīng)指代前文提到的某本字典，此處大概率是指兩卷本的《牛津簡明詞典》，且體現(xiàn)使用頻率相關(guān)內(nèi)容。
3.分析空白處前后文：前文 “It cntains arund 163,000 wrds, plus wrd cmbinatins and idimatic phrases.（它包含大約 163,000 個單詞，以及單詞組合和習(xí)慣用語。）” 介紹了這本詞典的內(nèi)容，空白處后 “Hwever, if I need t check the rigin f a wrd r t lk up examples f its usage, there's nthing better.（然而，如果我需要查看一個單詞的起源或查找其用法示例，沒有比它更好的了。）” 說明在特定情況下會使用它，暗示平時使用頻率不高。
4.匹配選項與空白處：A 選項 “I dn't ften use this dictinary.（我不經(jīng)常使用這本詞典。）” 與前文介紹詞典內(nèi)容后，后文說明特定使用情況相呼應(yīng)，解釋了使用頻率的問題，邏輯連貫，使文章此處的敘述更自然。
5.復(fù)讀全文，驗證答案：將 A 選項代入文中，通讀后能感覺到此處銜接自然，符合文章對于不同詞典使用情況介紹的邏輯。
第 40 題
1.通讀全文，理解大意：（同上文整體文章大意，此處略）
2.瀏覽選項，標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞：
D 選項：關(guān)鍵詞 “dictinary”“pleasure t read”，涉及字典閱讀方面的樂趣。
3.分析空白處前后文：前文 “T make dictinaries is dull (乏味) wrk,"wrte Jhnsn, illustrating ne definitin f"dull".（約翰遜寫道：“編纂詞典是乏味的工作”，說明了 “乏味” 的一種定義。）” 提到了詞典編纂工作的乏味，空白處后 “A few minutes spent casting yur eye ver a page r tw can be a rewarding experience.（花幾分鐘瀏覽一兩頁可能是一種有益的體驗。）” 則強(qiáng)調(diào)了閱讀詞典的好處。
4.匹配選項與空白處：D 選項 “But a dictinary can be a pleasure t read.（但字典也可以是一種閱讀的樂趣。）” 通過轉(zhuǎn)折，將前文的 “乏味” 與后文的 “有益體驗”“樂趣” 聯(lián)系起來，使邏輯連貫，很好地銜接了上下文，符合文章對于詞典不同方面特點的論述。
5.復(fù)讀全文，驗證答案：把 D 選項代入文中，通讀全文，句子與上下文銜接自然流暢，符合文章整體的文意和邏輯。
（24-25高三上·湖南長沙·階段練習(xí)）There is little, it seems, that peple wn’t d fr their pets. Americans spent $186bn n them last year, accrding t the Bureau f Ecnmic Analysis, cvering everything frm fd and vet visits t tys and grming. That is mre than they spent n childcare.
56 Mars, a cmpany best knwn fr its chclate bars, made tw-thirds f its revenue last year frm pet care. Besides wning the Ryal Canin pet-fd brand, the cmpany als perates thusands f vet clinics. Nestle and Clgate, tw ther cnsumer-prducts giants, als make arund a fifth f their revenue frm their pet market.
Spending n pets rcketed thrugh the COVID-19 pandemic. 57 Between 2019 and 2023, pet spending grew by a cmpund annual rate f 11%, in nminal terms, cmpared with 6% fr cnsumer spending verall and 5% fr pet spending ver the preceding decade. 58
Unlike virtual yga classes r meal-kit subscriptins, animals weren’t easy t drp nce lckdwns ended. Cnsumers, wrestling lately with higher prices and a cling jb market, have been reluctant t emply tight budgets n their pets. Mrgan Stanley, a bank, estimates pet spending in America, cmpared with ther persnal expenses, will grw by 2.5% this year. 59 The pet business prved similarly strng during the glbal financial crisis f 2007-2009.
And analysts hld the pet business will sn g viral again. Mrgan Stanley frecasts that annual spending will rise t arund $260bn by 2030, cnsistent with its pre-pandemic grwth trend. 60 Owners increasingly see themselves as parents, nt masters. “Pets have gne frm the backyard t the living rm t the bedrm,” says Lic Mutault, head f the pet divisin at Mars.
A．Plenty mre grwth is yet t cme.
B．Catering t pets has becme big business.
C．Owners are nw giving their pets yummier fd.
D．That is attracting plenty f newcmers t the pet industry.
E．It is well ahead f estimates fr ther spending like clthes.
F．Lnely peple adpted animals and invested heavily in them at that time.
G．Behind that is a shift in the relatinship between pets and humans.
模板03 段尾句
【2024全國甲卷】What is mderatin (適度)? Basically, it means eating nly as much fd as yur bdy needs. Yu shuld feel satisfied at the end f a meal, but nt t full. ____16____ But it desn't mean saying gdbye t the fds yu lve.
Take yur time. It's imprtant t slw dwn and think abut fd as smething nutritius rather than just smething t eat in between meetings. ____17____ It actually takes a few minutes fr yur brain t tell yur bdy that it has had enugh fd, s eat slwly and stp eating befre yu feel full.
Eat with thers whenever pssible. Eating alne, “specially in frnt f the TV r cmputer, ften leads t mindless vereating. And be careful abut the fds yu keep at hand. It's mre challenging t eat in mderatin if yu have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like ckies. ____18____
Cntrl emtinal (情緒的) eating. ____19____ Many f us als turn t fd t deal with unpleasant emtins such as sadness, lneliness, r bredm. But by learning healthier ways t manage emtins, yu can regain cntrl ver the fd yu eat and yur feelings.
____20____ A healthy breakfast can start yur metablism (新陳代謝), while eating small, healthy meals keeps yur energy up all day. Avid eating late at night. Try t eat dinner earlier and fast fr 14 — 16 hurs until breakfast the next mrning. Studies suggest that eating nly when yu're mst active and giving yur digestive system a lng break each day may help t regulate weight.
A Eat prperly thrughut the day.
B. We dn't always eat just t satisfy hunger.
C. Dn't swallw a meal n the way t wrk.
D. Mst f us need t duble the amunt we eat.
E. Instead, surrund yurself with healthy chices.
F. Fr many f us, mderatin means eating less than we d nw.
G. That wn't lead t cheating r giving up n yur new eating plan.
第 16 題
1.通讀全文，理解大意：文章圍繞 “適度”（mderatin）這一飲食概念展開，闡述了在飲食方面做到適度的多種方式，像控制食量、慢慢進(jìn)食、與人一起用餐、控制情緒性進(jìn)食以及合理安排一天飲食等內(nèi)容，旨在引導(dǎo)人們養(yǎng)成健康適度的飲食習(xí)慣。
2.瀏覽選項，標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞：
F 選項：關(guān)鍵詞為 “mderatin”“eating less”，緊扣文章主題 “適度” 以及涉及適度飲食中食量方面的內(nèi)容。
3.分析空白處前后文：前文提到 “Basically, it means eating nly as much fd as yur bdy needs. Yu shuld feel satisfied at the end f a meal, but nt t full.（基本上，它意味著只吃身體所需的食物量。用餐結(jié)束時你應(yīng)該感到滿足，但不要太飽。）” 對適度飲食的食量要求做了初步說明，空白處后 “But it desn't mean saying gdbye t the fds yu lve.（但這并不意味著要和你喜歡的食物告別。）” 進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說明，表明適度飲食并非極端地摒棄某些食物。
4.匹配選項與空白處：F 選項 “Fr many f us, mderatin means eating less than we d nw.（對我們很多人來說，適度意味著比我們現(xiàn)在吃得少。）” 在邏輯上很好地承接了前文關(guān)于適度飲食對食量控制的闡述，進(jìn)一步解釋了適度飲食在食量方面的體現(xiàn)，同時與后文說明適度飲食并非完全舍棄喜愛食物的內(nèi)容相呼應(yīng)，使文意連貫順暢。
5.復(fù)讀全文，驗證答案：將 F 選項代入文中，再次通讀全文，可發(fā)現(xiàn)句子融入上下文后，整體邏輯合理，從對適度飲食基本的食量概念闡釋，到后續(xù)圍繞適度飲食展開的各方面論述，過渡自然，銜接緊密。
第 17 題
1.通讀全文，理解大意：（同上文整體文章大意，此處略）
2.瀏覽選項，標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞：
C 選項：關(guān)鍵詞 “swallw a meal” 形象地體現(xiàn)快速進(jìn)食的意思，“n the way t wrk” 點明進(jìn)食場景，整體圍繞進(jìn)食方式展開。
3.分析空白處前后文：前文 “Take yur time. It's imprtant t slw dwn and think abut fd as smething nutritius rather than just smething t eat in between meetings.（慢慢來。重要的是放慢速度，把食物看作是有營養(yǎng)的東西，而不僅僅是會議間隙用來吃的東西。）” 著重強(qiáng)調(diào)要放慢進(jìn)食速度，空白處后 “It actually takes a few minutes fr yur brain t tell yur bdy that it has had enugh fd, s eat slwly and stp eating befre yu feel full.（實際上，你的大腦需要幾分鐘才能告訴你的身體已經(jīng)吃飽了，所以慢慢吃，在感覺飽之前就停止進(jìn)食。）” 進(jìn)一步解釋了慢慢進(jìn)食的原因所在。
4.匹配選項與空白處：C 選項 “Dn't swallw a meal n the way t wrk.（不要在上班路上狼吞虎咽地吃飯。）” 從反面舉例，以一種常見的不良進(jìn)食場景為例，呼應(yīng)了前文強(qiáng)調(diào)的要放慢速度進(jìn)食的觀點，強(qiáng)化了慢慢進(jìn)食這一要求，且與后文繼續(xù)闡述慢慢進(jìn)食的相關(guān)內(nèi)容邏輯連貫，讓上下文銜接自然流暢。
5.復(fù)讀全文，驗證答案：代入 C 選項后，通讀文章此處部分，語句通順，邏輯合理，符合圍繞慢慢進(jìn)食這一適度飲食要點展開論述的行文邏輯。
第 18 題
1.通讀全文，理解大意：（同上文整體文章大意，此處略）
2.瀏覽選項，標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞：
E 選項：關(guān)鍵詞 “surrund”“healthy chices”，突出了營造健康食物環(huán)境，做出健康食物選擇的意思。
3.分析空白處前后文：前文 “And be careful abut the fds yu keep at hand. It's mre challenging t eat in mderatin if yu have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like ckies.（并且要留意你手頭存放的食物。如果你手頭準(zhǔn)備的是像餅干這樣不健康的零食，那么適度飲食就更具挑戰(zhàn)性了。）” 指出身邊存放不健康零食不利于適度飲食，空白處后需要給出相應(yīng)解決辦法或進(jìn)一步的合理建議。
4.匹配選項與空白處：E 選項 “Instead, surrund yurself with healthy chices.（相反，讓自己周圍都是健康的食物選擇。）” 通過 “Instead” 進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)折，針對前文提到的不健康零食問題，給出了積極的應(yīng)對策略，使文章此處的論述得以延續(xù)并更加完整，邏輯上與前后文緊密契合，能夠自然地承接上文并引出后續(xù)內(nèi)容。
5.復(fù)讀全文，驗證答案：將 E 選項代入文中，通讀后可明顯感覺到此處上下文銜接自然，符合圍繞適度飲食從食物選擇方面進(jìn)行闡述的整體文意和邏輯順序。
第 19 題
1.通讀全文，理解大意：（同上文整體文章大意，此處略）
2.瀏覽選項，標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞：
B 選項：關(guān)鍵詞 “eat”“satisfy hunger”，直接關(guān)聯(lián)進(jìn)食的目的這一內(nèi)容，且表達(dá)出進(jìn)食目的的多樣性。
3.分析空白處前后文：前文 “Cntrl emtinal (情緒的) eating.（控制情緒性進(jìn)食。）” 點明了要對因情緒而產(chǎn)生的進(jìn)食行為加以控制這一主題，空白處后 “Many f us als turn t fd t deal with unpleasant emtins such as sadness, lneliness, r bredm.（我們很多人也會通過吃東西來應(yīng)對不愉快的情緒，比如悲傷、孤獨或無聊。）” 進(jìn)一步具體說明了人們確實存在通過吃東西來處理情緒問題的現(xiàn)象。
4.匹配選項與空白處：B 選項 “We dn't always eat just t satisfy hunger.（我們并不總是僅僅為了滿足饑餓而吃東西。）” 起到了承上啟下的關(guān)鍵作用，既承接了前面提出的要控制情緒性進(jìn)食這一話題，又自然地引出了后文關(guān)于人們會因各種不愉快情緒而吃東西的內(nèi)容，使前后文在邏輯上連貫順暢，讓關(guān)于情緒性進(jìn)食這部分的論述更加完整清晰。
5.復(fù)讀全文，驗證答案：把 B 選項代入文中相應(yīng)位置后，通讀全文，此處的過渡自然流暢，符合文章對于控制情緒性進(jìn)食相關(guān)內(nèi)容的闡述邏輯，與整體圍繞適度飲食展開的論述也相互呼應(yīng)。
第 20 題
1.通讀全文，理解大意：（同上文整體文章大意，此處略）
2.瀏覽選項，標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞：
A 選項：關(guān)鍵詞 “Eat prperly” 強(qiáng)調(diào)合理飲食，“thrughut the day” 點明是一整天的時間范圍，整體圍繞一天中合理飲食的安排展開。
3.分析空白處前后文：后文 “A healthy breakfast can start yur metablism (新陳代謝), while eating small, healthy meals keeps yur energy up all day. Avid eating late at night. Try t eat dinner earlier and fast fr 14 — 16 hurs until breakfast the next mrning. Studies suggest that eating nly when yu're mst active and giving yur digestive system a lng break each day may help t regulate weight.（一頓健康的早餐可以啟動你的新陳代謝，而吃少量健康的餐食能讓你一整天都精力充沛。避免在深夜進(jìn)食。盡量早點吃晚餐，禁食 14 - 16 小時直到第二天早上吃早餐。研究表明，只在自己最活躍的時候進(jìn)食，并讓消化系統(tǒng)每天有較長的休息時間，可能有助于調(diào)節(jié)體重。）” 詳細(xì)介紹了一天內(nèi)不同時段合理飲食的具體建議和好處。
4.匹配選項與空白處：A 選項 “Eat prperly thrughut the day.（一整天都要合理飲食。）” 能夠很好地概括后文所闡述的一天中各個時段飲食安排的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，起到了提綱挈領(lǐng)的作用，在邏輯上與后文緊密相連，使得文章關(guān)于適度飲食中一天飲食規(guī)劃這部分的論述條理更加清晰，行文更加流暢。
5.復(fù)讀全文，驗證答案：將 A 選項代入文中后，通讀全文，可發(fā)現(xiàn)句子與上下文銜接自然順暢，符合文章整體圍繞適度飲食從多方面給出建議的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)和文意表達(dá)。
（24-25高三上·北京朝陽·期中）Cnsidering they are the wrld’s mst numerus areas f water, it is surprising that pnds are prly understd. There are millins — pssibly billins — f them. 1
This neglect might nt have mattered if it were nt fr increasing evidence that pnds are extremely imprtant habitats fr wildlife as they have rich, diverse and distinctive cmmunities with varied rare and endangered species. Acrss many landscapes, they are being shwn t supprt far greater variatin f species than rivers and streams. 2 It allws them t have a wider range f cnditins cmpared with rivers and streams where flwing water tends t hmgenise (同質(zhì)化) water chemistry.
S why have we failed t ntice such a vital part f the natural wrld? A key reasn appears t be what freshwater scientist Jhn Dwning has called “a saliency errr”: the misjudgment where we humans naturally assume that if smething is small, it can’t be all that imprtant. 3 We dn’t realise that these waters have a deeply ancient rigin and have existed n Earth as lng as there has been land and water.
These misunderstandings within freshwater science have had a big impact n ur ability t prtect their wildlife. In Eurpe, fr example, the Water Framewrk Directive mstly excludes any bdies f water smaller than 50 hectares.
4 Last year, the Ramsar Cnventin, an internatinal agreement, intrduced a reslutin n small wetlands, including pnds, giving crucial recgnitin t them. And the Eurpean Unin-funded PONDERFUL prject is gathering data n Eurpe’s pnds. Hwever, there remains much t d. As the effects f climate change deepen, plants and animals will increasingly need t mve acrss the landscape t survive. 5 They are easy t make and they clnize rapidly, which can help freshwater species adapt ver shrt timescales.
A．Viewpints are changing, frtunately, t the benefit f pnds.
B．This bidiversity seems t be partly due t the small size f pnds.
C．A study shws they make up much f the glbal water envirnment.
D．Yet fr a century r s, scientists have paid them very little attentin.
E．We can create pnds in cnsiderable numbers as ne f the few habitats.
F．There is increasing evidence f the imprtance f pnds fr bidiversity.
G．Mst f us als devalued pnds because we regard them as artificial habitats.
Passage 1
（24-25高三上·山東聊城·期中）A primary gal f culturally respnsive educatin is t help all students becme respectful f varius cultures and peple that they’ll interact with. Hwever, the wrld is mre cmplex and diverse than the envirnment that students inhabit. 1 Then what might an educatr d t prmte diverse cultures in the classrm?
Classrm activities ften wrk well. Fr example, educatrs can shw students phtgraphs f peple frm different cultures every day. 2 In this prcess, they’ll gradually learn t knw and accept each kind f lks. It’s imprtant t avid teaching students abut the same rle mdels repeatedly.
3 Wall spaces can be used t display psters abut cultural grups. Students can mark the cuntries frm which their ancestrs immigrated n a wrld map. And classrm signs can be hung in several languages. Such cultural expsure helps remind the students that peple frm diverse backgrunds are all brn equal, prtecting students frm the cultural steretypes (刻板印象).
Anther imprtant gal f educatin is t teach students t appreciate their wn culture. 4 T fit in with the scial rder, they smetimes have t change r remve their cultural behavirs. T avid this situatin. investigating unique characteristics f their cmmunity is ne effective way t help students gain a greater appreciatin f their wn culture. Educatrs can encurage students t interview their family members abut cultural practices and traditins and then share them with pride. 5
A．This can be a challenging task fr educatrs.
B．Over time, wall spaces will expse students t rich diversity.
C．This activity can mtivate students t shw themselves bravely.
D．Students can see varius appearances and find beauty frm each.
E．Gradually, they will start t build cnfidence in their wn culture.
F．Minrity students may feel pressured t live in a multicultural grup.
G．Prviding a culturally respnsive learning envirnment is als critical.
Passage 2
（24-25高三上·湖北·期中）It’s safe t say that with the many stressrs that make up ur day-t-day lives, we culd all use a little mre light and a little mre calm. Enter “saving the day” — a md-bsting idea. 6 Yu just need t find sme peace amidst the chas. If yu spend the whle day wrking, yu can d ne thing that reclaims the day as yur wn.
Saving the day can be any activity and desn’t have t be time-cnsuming. By ding smething that yu lve, yu’re nt nly making the day have sme space f yur wn but als imprving yur md. Similarly, it can help yu cpe with stress and nurture yur well-being. 7 As therapists put it, “saving the day” has serius mental health benefits.
8 Bad days will exist whether r nt yu “save the day”. But if yu d smething that adds sme relief and clarity and jy t yur day, it can nt nly make the day a little better but help yu cnnect with yurself, t. “Culd I end the day n the nte that’s like, ‘Oh, well, it wasn’t a gd day, but I tk care f myself?’” said Danica Harris, a smatic therapist, “This idea imprves trust and safety with the self. ”
Saving the day can help prepare yu fr hard times, t. 9 And since life isn’t easy, such days will inevitably happen. If yu have a bad day but d tw things t “save the day”, yu may g t bed feeling like it wasn’t a great day. But yu’ll als knw that yu did everything yu culd t make it OK. By cntrast, if yu are ging t bed and yu’ve dne nthing fr yurself, yu culd feel like it was a bad day. The lack f self-care can lead t self-criticism and a sense f failure. 10
In cnclusin, saving the day is a pwerful tl fr managing stress and enhancing mental health. It’s a reminder that even n the mst challenging days, there’s always smething yu can d t make a psitive impact n yur well-being.
A．This cncept is simple.
B．It seems like a grundbreaking cncept.
C．It can als help yu find a sense f fulfillment.
D．Saving the day allws yu t establish trust in yurself.
E．Saving the day can be f great benefit t physical and mental health.
F．Remember that taking care f yurself is nt a luxury but a necessity.
G．In ther wrds, it can help yu becme mre ready t handle future bad days.
Passage 3
（24-25高三上·山西運城·期中）While a hbby is anything yu d in yur leisure time that brings yu jy r pleasure, nt all hbbies are gd fr yu when it cmes t health and happiness. T chse hw yu spend yur time, ask yurself hw yu feel when yu finish ding a particular activity.
Many hbbies enhance yur sense f satisfactin. 11 I knw many peple’s hbby is just scrlling thrugh scial media, but the reality is that they feel lst r even wrse afterward. 12 When yu play vide and mbile games, yu just sit still r lie dwn withut any mvement, which increases yur risk f many health issues. Yu need t be aware f that and strive fr balance.
S hw d yu chse a hbby? Just lk at it thrugh the lens f the seven pillars f health: sleep, nutritin, mvement, emtinal mastery, thughts, relatinships and purpse. We need them all fr an ideal lifestyle. 13
What hbbies are right fr yu will vary greatly based n yur persnality, interests, abilities and resurces, but mst peple have a gut instinct f likes and dislikes. 14 Fr instance, if yu’d like t add mre mvement t yur life, imprve yur memry and build friendships, yu might enjy a grup exercise hbby like Zumba, paddlebard, yga r “star tur” night hikes. Yur ptins are limited nly by yur imaginatin.
15 The answer is individual. Sme peple fcus all their energies n the ne thing they are super passinate abut, while thers enjy a variety f activities. Regardless, it’s gd t try smething new every nce in a while, as the nvelty is gd fr refreshing bring life.
A．Is there a right number f hbbies t have?
B．Hw d hbbies benefit ur bdy, brain and spirit?
C．Hwever, sme nly add t yur emptiness and tiredness.
D．The ther dwnside f electrnic hbbies is little r n exercising.
E．A gd way t pick a hbby is by cnsidering what yu want t imprve.
F．Luckily, nearly all hbbies can prvide measurable psitive health benefits.
G．Ding a hbby that engages yu in these aspects will make yu happy and healthy.
Passage 4
（24-25高二上·山東青島·期中）Randm Acts f Kindness fr Friends
Be kind t friends. After all, friends are the family we chse fr urselves. The very best friends better ur lives with their incredible lve and supprt. Yu can d many things t be kind t friends. 16
There are many examples f randm acts f kindness ideas fr friends. Put a smile n yur friend’s face because ding s feels gd and brightens bth f yur days. 17 Or even take the time t help a single friend fall in lve with smene wnderful.
These small gestures can have a prfund impact n smene’s life. Imagine waking up n a particularly glmy mrning, feeling dwn and ut, and then receiving a text frm a friend that simply says, “Hey, I was thinking abut yu and wanted t let yu knw yu’ re awesme.” 18
Randm acts f kindness dn’t have t be grand r expensive. 19 Or perhaps it’s just taking the time t listen when a friend needs t talk, ffering a shulder t lean n withut judgment r advice unless it’s asked fr.
20 When yu d smething kind fr a friend, it nt nly makes them feel gd but als inspires them t pay it frward. This creates a ripple effect f psitivity that can spread thrugh yur scial circle and beynd. It’s a beautiful reminder that even the smallest acts f genersity can have a significant impact.
S, the next time yu think abut reaching ut t a friend, cnsider ding s with an act f kindness.
A．S fill yur friendships with care and help tday.
B．Mrever, randm acts f kindness can be infectius.
C．One f them is t d randm acts f kindness fr friends.
D．They can be as simple as helping a friend rganize their garage.
E．Hand a friend a great bk yu knw yur friend wuld lve t read.
F．This simple act f kindness can instantly lift yur spirits and brighten yur day.
G．When it cmes t kindness, we are limited nly by the extent f ur imaginatins.
Passage 5
（24-25高三上·重慶·期中）As kids, we’ re cnstantly intrduced t new activities in schl: art, exercise, explratin and s much mre. But expsure t things we may lve desn’t cme quite as easily when we’ re adults. 21 Here’s hw t cnnect with ne yu’ re enthusiastic abut.
● Be pen t new experiences
Dn’t get discuraged if yu dn’t find the perfect hbby immediately. 22 “When yu shp fr a pair f shes, yu try them n befre yu buy them,” says Sanam Hafeez, a psychlgist in New Yrk City. “Yu have t see if they are a fit. This is the same mindset t have when trying smething new.”
● Channel yur inner child
Let’s circle back t all the new things yu gt t try ut in primary schl. If yu lved art class but chse a career that isn’t visually creative, select a hbby that brings ut yur inner Picass. 23 Get a used keybard and start pressing thse keys again. Did yu ride yur bike every day? Explre yur neighbrhd n wheels.
● Pick a wrry-free activity
If yu dn’t want a hbby just t pass time, find smething that makes yu frget abut the stresses f yur day. A physical hbby, like exercise r gardening, can be a great mind-clearing activity. Lsing yurself in it gives yu the chance t fcus n what’s in frnt f yu and nthing else. 24
● 25
When yu sense a hbby yu might like, Hafeez recmmends Meetup t check it ut. “Meetup grups allw yu t find peple wh have cmmn interests and meet regularly,” she says. “This leads t new friendships and the exchange f new ideas. When yu share an interest with thers, yu are always encuraged t cntinue that hbby.”
A．Did yu play the pian?
B．Did yu really admire Picass?
C．Search fr new interests nline.
D．This imprves calmness and md.
E．Jin Meetup t meet frmer friends.
F．Still, it’s well wrth finding a belved hbby.
G．We dn’t all pick the right things frm the start.
Passage 6
（24-25高三上·廣東·階段練習(xí)）Hw t Get a Life
Feeling happy with yur life can be difficult. 26 If yu are currently unhappy with sme aspects f yur life, yu can cmmit t making changes thrughut the year that will make yu happier and healthier. Here are sme tips t help get a life.
Define what a life is t yu. This cncept f “a life” is subjective. 27 What d yu want t achieve in life? What makes yu happy? While certain aspects like having children, enjyable experiences, r fulfilling wrk are ften seen as indicatrs f a “l(fā)ife well-lived,” it’s ultimately yur persnal values that define what truly matters.
Discuss yur life with thers. Smetimes, the act f expressing yurself t anther can give yu an in-depth view int what yu want and need. In additin, ther peple may have insight int yur life that yu may be blind t. Yu can share yur prblem with family r friends. 28 Talk therapy (療法) can effectively address emtinal prblems and clarify yur thughts.
29 List the main areas f yur life, such as scial, wrk, spiritual, family, leisure, health, cmmunity and charity. Once yu have divided yur life int these dmains, reflect n whether yu are happy with these aspects f yur life. Getting a life usually means creating a balance amng the fields f life yu find t be imprtant.
Reassess yur life every few mnths. Review the state f yur life and decide if yur life is mre fulfilling with the changes yu have made. The best way t decide is if yu persnally feel happier abut yur life. Remember nt t think t much abut what thers may think abut yur life. 30
Give yurself time t change yur life, as it wn’t be easy. Try t fcus n making small changes ver a year. After a year is ver, yu shuld have a better idea f what makes yu happy.
A．Yu are the ne living it, after all.
B．Break yur life dwn int dmains.
C．Address stressful dmains head-n.
D．Talking t a cnsultant will als d the trick.
E．Yu need t reflect n what is imprtant t yu.
F．The pursuit f happiness is a fundamental human gal.
G．It is easy t get upset by duties, wrk, technlgy and health prblems.
Passage 7
（2024·浙江湖州·一模）Smetimes it can feel like yur head is t cluttered. With wrk, schl, r a busy schedule, things are bund t get jumbled (亂糟糟的) every nce and a while! 31 Frm fcusing t jurnaling, we’ll teach yu hw t mindfully distract yurself frm wrrying thughts.
Fcus n the present mment. Practice mindfulness daily t help clear yur mind and be mre fcused. Mindfulness is all abut letting all ther thughts cme and g. Observe yur thughts and feelings withut judgement, as if yu’re an utsider in yur wn mind. 32
Take a walk. 33 When yu’re being mindful, yu’re fully engaging in the present mment, letting feelings cme and g as yu fcus n what’s in frnt f yu. Cmbining this state f mind with walking prduces an extra special stress reliever that imprves mental and physical health. Try scheduling a walk arund the blck, n the treadmill, r thrugh a lcal park every day.
34 Take a mment t breathe and cme back t the present mment. Life can easily becme g, g, g, and in the prcess, yu can easily frget t breathe. Settling dwn wherever yu are t take cntrlled breaths can calm yur racing mind and heartbeat, helping yu feel mre relaxed.
Jurnal yur thughts. Writing dwn yur wrries can help yu srt thrugh them. Try reaching fr a ntebk r phne when a millin thughts are racing thrugh yur mind. 35 Jurnaling can help yu be mre aware f yur emtins and reflect n what’s trubling yu.
A．D deep breathing exercises.
B．Take a mment t slw dwn.
C．Mving yur bdy mindfully can help things seem clearer.
D．But yu can d smething t clear yur mind and calm things dwn.
E．Set dwn everything that cmes t mind, letting all pur ut nt the page.
F．Then let thse thughts and feelings g and fcus n what yu’re currently ding instead.
G．Here are sme tips n hw t prtect yur head frm brain injury and then start yur wrk.
Passage 8
（24-25高三上·重慶沙坪壩·階段練習(xí)）We've all heard thse peple wh say “running gives yu a high “r” exercise is addictive,” but fr many f us, it's hard t lve exercise. 36 Why d sme f us hate exercise? And hw can we vercme this t reap the lifesaving benefits f getting the bdy mving?
Identify yur “why” — d yu want t exercise fr yur health? Is it fr yur kids? Is it fr hw wrking ut makes yu feel? Exercise has lng-term benefits fr health and functin, flw-n benefits fr yur children, and can bst yur md and prmte vitality. 37
38 Starting a new exercise habit is hard enugh. Increase yur chances f sticking with it by ding an activity yu find enjyable. Als, yu may exercise mre intensively withut even realizing it, if yu are ding a frm f exercise yu enjy. If yu hate running, dn’t d it. 39 Start small. Leave yurself wanting mre, rather than verding it. Yu are als less likely t feel sre r injure yurself.
Arrange t meet a friend t exercise tgether. It’s very easy nt t g and exercise when yu' re relying n yurself — but with a friend, yu can use him r her fr mtivatin t make sure yu stick at what yu set ut t d. 40 Meanwhile, research suggests peple exercise fr lnger when they exercise with family members and friends cmpared with thse exercising alne.
A．D an activity yu take pleasure in.
B．G fr a lng walk in nature instead.
C．Sme might even say they hate it r dread it.
D．Yu’ll enjy exercising by rewarding yurself.
E．A fitness prfessinal can be a reliable friend t prvide suggestins.
F．Being clear abut what yu want t gain frm exercising can help yu get started.
G．Yu’ll be mre likely t fllw thrugh since yu dn’t want t disappint each ther.
Passage 9
（24-25高三上·江蘇常州·期中）Have yu ever wished there were a magic methd t make learning easier and mre efficient? 41 Named after a Nbel winner in physics knwn fr simplifying cmplex ideas, this methd can help yu unlck yur ptential and gain a deep understanding f varius tpics.
Step 1: Start by getting a blank sheet f paper. Write dwn everything yu already knw abut a tpic. This serves as yur initial knwledge base. As yu dive deeper int the tpic, cntinue t add new infrmatin and insights t yur sheet. Be patient during this prcess. 42
Step 2: Explain yur tpic in a way that a 12-year-ld child culd understand. 43 Begin by simplifying yur ntes. It’s easy t cmplicate a subject. Hwever, the true challenge, and the true demnstratin f understanding, is in simplificatin. Only smene wh truly cmprehends a subject can break it dwn int its simplest terms, making it accessible t peple f all ages.
Step 3: Write dwn yur explanatins. It is a pwerful tl in the learning prcess. This activity facilitates reflectin, thrugh which we identify areas where further learning is needed. The learning prcess is iterative (迭代的). Never hesitate t g back t the surce materials, especially the parts yu dn’t fully grasp yet. 44 Repeat this prcess until yur explanatins are simple and clear.
Step 4: Save the page where yu have dcumented simplified explanatins. This is an imprtant step, as this dcument will serve as a valuable reference in the future. By applying this technique t all new cncepts yu learn, yu will gradually build up a cmprehensive flder (文件夾) f knwledge. 45 This way, nt nly will yu be strengthening what yu have learned, but yu will als have the chance t imprve yur understanding ver time.
A．This is an effective test f yur understanding.
B．Lk n further than the Feynman Technique.
C．Learning is nt a race, but a jurney f discvery.
D．Make it a habit t review this flder a few times a year.
E．This flder cntains ther peple’s cmplicated explanatins.
F．Review these parts, reflect n them, and imprve yur understanding.
G．The Feynman technique breaks the learning prcess int fur brad steps.
Passage 10
（24-25高三上·江西贛州·期中）D We Really Need Cash Anymre?
Mst f us dn’t cnsider frests a surce f pllutin. 46 But a recent study in Japan shws that sme plantatins (種植園), especially lder cedar and cypress plantatins (雪松和柏樹林) are causing as much pllutin as a prly managed agricultural field r urban setting. Accrding t Masaaki Chiwa, the lead authr f the study, the pllutin is nt the fault f the trees. 47 In Japan, as in ther cuntries, natural frests usually play a significant rle in maintaining water quality.
“Many Japanese cedar and Japanese cypress plantatins were established in the 1950s and 1960s — 60% f thse n private land,” accrding t Chiwa. “These are nt natural frests. 48 ”
At the time f their planting, there was a shrt supply f these trees. Hwever, an increase in imprts f ther wds has affected prices f Japanese cedar and cypress and led t the decline in active plantatin management. 49
These lder plantatins are nw a surce f nn-pint nitrgen pllutin accrding t the study. “Nn-pint” pllutin cmes frm a mre widespread area, such as these plantatins. The nitrgen is flwing frm the plantatins during rainfalls r snw melts int nearby bdies f water, causing algae blms.
50 Just like in a natural frest, needles fall frm the aging trees and accumulate n the plantatin flr. This is part f Mther Nature’s way f recycling nutrients. Earthwrms and sil micrbes decmpse the needles and return the nutrients t the sil. Yunger grwth nearby finishes the prcess and takes up the nutrients.
A．It’s the management f the plantatins.
B．Smetimes such pllutin is easily ignred.
C．Where des all this nitrgen cme frm?
D．They were meant fr cmmercial purpses.
E．The result was vercrwded land with aging trees.
F．As natural bdies, they shuld be gd fr the envirnment.
G．The age f the trees in these plantatins means they are grwing mre slwly.年份
卷別
段首句題號
段中句題號
段尾句題號
2024
新高考I卷
38
36、37、39、40
/
新高考II卷
39
36、38、40
37
2023
新高考I卷
/
36、37、39、40
38
新高考II卷
39
36、38、40
37
2022
新高考II卷
36
37、38、39、40
/
2021
新高考I卷
39
36、37 、38、40
/
新高考Ⅱ卷
38
39、40
36、37
題型
真題示例
常見設(shè)問/關(guān)鍵詞
模板01 段首句
【2024年新高考全國I卷】 38 It shuld give yu a precise definitin f each wrd, thus differentiating it frm ther wrds whse meanings are similar, but nt identical. It will als usually shw hw the wrd is prnunced.
設(shè)問關(guān)鍵詞：
1.指代關(guān)系：題目中可能會涉及代詞指代的問題，要求考生通過上下文推斷代詞所指代的對象。
2.邏輯關(guān)系：題目可能要求考生分析句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，如因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、并列、遞進(jìn)等，并據(jù)此選擇正確的選項。
3.上下文銜接：關(guān)注文章的過渡部分，如段落開頭或結(jié)尾的總結(jié)句，以及帶有轉(zhuǎn)折詞或連接詞的句子，考查考生對文章結(jié)構(gòu)的理解和把握。
模板02 段中句
【2024年新高考全國I卷】I keep tw reference bks clse-by n my desk: dictinary and thesaurus (同義詞詞典). I dn't trust my laptp's spellchecker. 37 Of curse, these days there are plenty f nline dictinaries and thesauruses, but I'm ld-fashined enugh t prefer a hard cver and pages I can leaf thrugh with my fingers.
模板03 段尾句
【2023年新高考全國I卷】
At the tp f a secnd page, put the heading “Acts f kindness.” On this ne, list all the psitive things yu’ve dne fr thers. It might be the time when yu helped a friend with their hmewrk, when yu did the irning withut being asked, r when yu baked ckies after the family had had a tiring day. 38
考點關(guān)鍵詞：
1.篇章結(jié)構(gòu)：分析段落之間的層次和段落內(nèi)部的層次，是確定答案的關(guān)鍵?？忌枰斫馕恼碌恼w結(jié)構(gòu)，包括段落劃分、主題句和中心句的位置等。
2.語境線索：語境線索是解題的重要依據(jù)，包括篇章結(jié)構(gòu)、詞語重現(xiàn)、邏輯關(guān)系、連接、指稱、同構(gòu)等?？忌枰獙W(xué)會識別這些線索，并據(jù)此推斷出正確答案。
3.關(guān)鍵詞匹配：考生需要在選項中尋找與題干中關(guān)鍵詞相匹配的內(nèi)容。這些關(guān)鍵詞可能包括核心名詞、專有名詞、時間數(shù)字、代詞、連詞等。
4.邏輯關(guān)系識別：識別句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系是解題的關(guān)鍵?？忌枰莆粘Ｒ姷倪壿嬯P(guān)系詞，如因果關(guān)系的“s, therefre”等，轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的“but, hwever”等，并列關(guān)系的“and, first, secnd”等，以及遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的“als, further”等。
5.主題句和中心句：理解并找出段落的主題句和中心句，有助于考生更好地理解文章的主旨大意和段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系。
命題預(yù)測/考情揭秘
一、命題預(yù)測
1.體裁方面：說明文仍會是主要考查的體裁，因其結(jié)構(gòu)清晰、邏輯嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，便于設(shè)置各種邏輯關(guān)系和信息匹配的考點。同時，記敘文的考查也可能會維持一定的比例，通過故事發(fā)展來考查學(xué)生對上下文連貫性和細(xì)節(jié)理解的把握。
2.題材方面：會更加注重貼近生活實際、關(guān)注社會熱點和體現(xiàn)文化內(nèi)涵等，如環(huán)保、科技發(fā)展、心理健康、文化交流等話題，使學(xué)生能夠運用所學(xué)英語知識理解和解決實際生活中的問題，增強(qiáng)文化意識和社會責(zé)任感。
3.設(shè)題位置：設(shè)題將繼續(xù)保持在段首、段中、段尾的多樣化分布。段首句多為主題句或引出下文的句子，考查學(xué)生對段落主旨的概括能力；段中句側(cè)重考查句子之間的邏輯銜接和過渡；段尾句則可能是對前文的總結(jié)或引出新的話題。
4.選項特點：選項的語言難度和長度將與原文保持一致，且干擾項的設(shè)置會更加巧妙，更具迷惑性。干擾項可能會在主題、邏輯、詞匯等方面與正確選項相似，需要考生仔細(xì)甄別。
考情揭秘
1.對文章整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)的把握：要求考生能夠準(zhǔn)確理解文章的主旨大意，把握文章的結(jié)構(gòu)框架，如總分、總分總、分總等結(jié)構(gòu)形式。例如，通過文章的標(biāo)題、首段、尾段以及各段的主題句來確定文章的中心思想和整體脈絡(luò)。
2.上下文邏輯意義的理解：注重考查句子之間、段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系，如因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、并列、遞進(jìn)、讓步等?？忌枰鶕?jù)邏輯連接詞、代詞指代、詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)等線索來判斷選項與上下文的邏輯銜接是否緊密、合理。
3.詞匯銜接與語義連貫：詞匯的復(fù)現(xiàn)、同近義詞、反義詞、上下義詞等的運用是重要的考點之一。同時，選項的語義要與上下文連貫一致，形成一個有機(jī)的整體，使文章在內(nèi)容和表達(dá)上都通順流暢。
4.對細(xì)節(jié)信息的理解和運用：部分題目會涉及到對文中具體細(xì)節(jié)信息的理解和運用，考生需要在閱讀過程中關(guān)注關(guān)鍵信息，如人名、地名、時間、數(shù)字、事件等，并能夠根據(jù)這些細(xì)節(jié)信息來選擇與之相符的選項。
5.綜合語言運用能力的考查：該題型不僅考查學(xué)生的閱讀理解能力，還涉及到詞匯、語法、語篇等多方面的語言知識和運用能力?？忌枰邆湓鷮嵉恼Z言基礎(chǔ)，能夠準(zhǔn)確理解和運用各種語言表達(dá)形式，如不同句式、時態(tài)、語態(tài)等，來完成選項的選擇和文章的理解。
技巧解讀
一、先看文章標(biāo)題和小標(biāo)題（如果有）
標(biāo)題往往能夠揭示文章的主題。例如，如果標(biāo)題是 “Tips fr Effective Studying（有效學(xué)習(xí)的小竅門）”，你就可以大致知道文章是圍繞學(xué)習(xí)方法展開的。小標(biāo)題則可以幫助你快速了解文章各部分的主要內(nèi)容，構(gòu)建文章的框架結(jié)構(gòu)。
二、通讀全文，把握文章大意和結(jié)構(gòu)
快速瀏覽全文，了解文章是記敘文、說明文還是議論文，以及大致的內(nèi)容。比如，對于說明文，要明確它是在介紹某個事物的特點、功能，還是在闡述某個現(xiàn)象的原因、影響等。同時，注意文章的段落結(jié)構(gòu)，是總分、分總還是總分總結(jié)構(gòu)。
1）分析設(shè)空位置的特點和作用
1.段首：
通常是主題句，用來引出段落的主題。這個主題句可能是對下文內(nèi)容的概括，也可能是提出一個問題，引出后續(xù)的解決方法。例如，設(shè)空處位于段首，后面的句子是在講不同的運動方式對健康的好處，那么這個空可能是一個關(guān)于運動和健康關(guān)系的總述句子，如 “Regular exercise is crucial fr maintaining gd health.（經(jīng)常鍛煉對保持健康至關(guān)重要。）”
2.段中：
起到承上啟下的作用，需要關(guān)注前后句子的邏輯關(guān)系?？赡苁且蚬P(guān)系，比如前面說某種現(xiàn)象，后面解釋原因；也可能是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，如前面講優(yōu)點，后面講缺點。
3.段尾：
可能是對段落內(nèi)容的總結(jié)，或者是引出下一段的內(nèi)容。如果是總結(jié)，句子會概括前面所講的重點；若是引出下文，會有一些提示性的詞語。
2）利用詞匯線索
1.詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)：
尋找上下文中相同的單詞或者同根詞。比如，上文出現(xiàn)了 “envirnment”，選項中有 “envirnmental” 或者 “envirnmentalists” 相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，就可能是正確答案。這是因為文章為了保持連貫性，會在不同地方重復(fù)關(guān)鍵的詞匯。
2.同義詞和近義詞：
注意意思相近的詞匯。例如，上文提到 “happy”，選項中可能會出現(xiàn) “pleased”“delighted” 等近義詞來保持語義的連貫。
3.反義詞：
利用上下文中的反義詞來確定選項。如果前面句子是 “Mst peple like this new prduct because it's easy t use.（大多數(shù)人喜歡這個新產(chǎn)品，因為它容易使用。）” 而后面出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折，設(shè)空處可能會出現(xiàn)和 “easy” 相反的詞，如 “Hwever, a few custmers find it difficult t perate.（然而，有一些顧客覺得它很難操作。）”
3）關(guān)注邏輯關(guān)系線索
1.因果關(guān)系：
尋找表示因果的關(guān)鍵詞，如 “because”“since”“as a result”“therefre”“s” 等。如果前面是原因，后面可能是結(jié)果；反之亦然。例如，“The weather was extremely bad.（天氣非常糟糕。）” 后面可能會跟 “S, we had t cancel the utdr activity.（所以，我們不得不取消戶外活動。）”
2.轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：
注意 “but”“hwever”“yet”“althugh”“while” 等表示轉(zhuǎn)折的詞。例如，“He is very rich.（他非常富有。）” 后面如果有轉(zhuǎn)折，可能是 “But he desn't feel happy.（但是他并不感到快樂。）”
3.并列和遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：
像 “and”“als”“in additin”“mrever”“furthermre” 等詞表示并列或遞進(jìn)。如果前面在講一個事物的一個優(yōu)點，后面可能會用這些詞來引出另一個優(yōu)點。
三、代入選項進(jìn)行驗證
把選項代入到空白處，看文章是否通順、邏輯是否連貫、語義是否完整。這一步很關(guān)鍵，有時候某個選項單獨看似乎合理，但代入后會發(fā)現(xiàn)與上下文的銜接不自然，或者不符合文章的整體風(fēng)格和邏輯。
步驟+解題思路
第一步：通讀全文，理解大意
快速瀏覽全文，初步了解文章的主題、結(jié)構(gòu)和主要內(nèi)容。特別注意文章的首尾段和段落主題句，這些通常是理解文章大意的關(guān)鍵。
第二步：瀏覽選項，標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞
仔細(xì)閱讀七個選項，用筆標(biāo)注出每個選項中的關(guān)鍵詞，如指示代詞、關(guān)系連詞以及和文章內(nèi)容相關(guān)的實詞（名詞、動詞、形容詞）或短語。
第三步：分析空白處前后文
回到原文，仔細(xì)閱讀每個空白處前后的句子，理解其語境和邏輯關(guān)系。特別注意空白處前后的關(guān)鍵詞和中心詞，以及文章中的銜接手段，如詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)、代詞指代、語篇標(biāo)記語等。
第四步：匹配選項與空白處
根據(jù)空白處前后的語境和邏輯關(guān)系，從七個選項中選擇最合適的句子填入。特別注意選項中的關(guān)鍵詞或中心詞是否與空白處前后的關(guān)鍵詞或中心詞一致或相關(guān)。
第五步：復(fù)讀全文，驗證答案
將所選句子代入文中，再次通讀全文，檢查所選句子是否與上下文連貫、邏輯是否合理。特別注意所選句子與前后文的銜接是否自然順暢。

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