高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題主要考查學(xué)生根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容獲取特定信息的能力。以下是一個(gè)詳細(xì)的做題模板，旨在幫助學(xué)生高效、準(zhǔn)確地解答這類(lèi)題目：
模板01 詞義(詞組)猜測(cè)題
【2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·C篇節(jié)選】 scenes may have been painted hundreds f years ag, but they recrd mments we can all relate t.
What d the underlined wrds “relate t” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.Understand. B.Paint. C.Seize. D.Transfrm.
第一步：定位原文定位原文信息:These scenes may have been painted hundreds f years ag, but they recrd mments we can all relate t.(第二段)
第二步：分析線索 根據(jù)句中的but可推知，此處與前面為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。
第三步：推測(cè)詞義 畫(huà)線短語(yǔ)“relate t”的意思最相近的為A項(xiàng)“理解、認(rèn)識(shí)到”。
第四步：代入驗(yàn)證 此句意為：這些場(chǎng)景可能繪制于數(shù)百年前，但它們記錄的是我們都能感同身受的時(shí)刻。解題時(shí),根據(jù)定位信息的語(yǔ)境排除B項(xiàng)的paint;而C項(xiàng)seize的意思是“抓住;占領(lǐng);奪取”等,和畫(huà)線詞的語(yǔ)境也明顯不符,故排除。
第五步：檢查答案 故選 __A__。
（2023·安徽馬鞍山·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）...
Hwever, nline interactins can have an adverse effect n existing relatinships. 68% f teen scial media users reprt having experienced unpleasant feelings tward their friends n scial media and 26% f all teens have had an argument with a friend ver smething that happened nline r ver text messages.
The Internet is undubtedly an invaluable link between peple separated by distance. But this link must be based n intimacy and familiarity and a balance f nline and ffline interactins will pave the way fr better relatinships in the wrld.
3．What des the underlined wrd “adverse” in paragraph 5 mean?
A．Lasting.B．Harmful.C．Decisive.D．Nticeable.
模板02 句意猜測(cè)題
【2022年新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ卷】We jurnalists live in a new age f strytelling, with many new multimedia tls. Many yung peple dn’t even realize it’s new. Fr them, it’s just nrmal.
This hit hme fr me as I was sitting with my 2-year-ld grandsn n a sfa ver the Spring Festival hliday. I had brught a children’s bk t read. It had simple wrds and clrful pictures — a perfect match fr his age.
Picture this: my grandsn sitting n my lap as I hld the bk in frnt s he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches ut and pkes (戳) the page with his finger.
...
4. What d the underlined wrds “hit hme fr me” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Prvided shelter fr me. B. Became very clear t me.
C. Tk the pressure ff me. D. Wrked quite well n me.
第一步：定位原文 This hit hme fr me as I was sitting with my 2-year-ld grandsn n a sfa ver the Spring Festival hliday.(第二段)
第二步：分析線索 根據(jù)第一段“We jurnalists live in a new age f strytelling, with many new multimedia tls. Many yung peple dn’t even realize it’s new. Fr them, it’s just nrmal. ”以及畫(huà)線詞后文“as I was sitting with my 2-year-ld grandsn n a sfa ver the Spring Festival hliday. ”可知此句是對(duì)前面的解釋說(shuō)明。
第三步：推測(cè)詞義 作者是記者，生活在一個(gè)講故事的新時(shí)代，有許多新的多媒體工具。許多年輕人甚至沒(méi)有意識(shí)到它是新的。對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，這很正常。而這在春節(jié)假期，作者和兩歲的孫子坐在沙發(fā)上，尤其清楚認(rèn)識(shí)到了這一點(diǎn)。故畫(huà)線詞意思是“我很清楚”。故畫(huà)線詞意思是“我很清楚”。
第四步：代入驗(yàn)證 我們記者生活在一個(gè)全新的故事講述時(shí)代，擁有眾多新穎的多媒體工具。許多年輕人甚至沒(méi)有意識(shí)到這是新事物。對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，這一切再正常不過(guò)了。
春節(jié)期間，當(dāng)我與兩歲的孫子坐在沙發(fā)上時(shí)，我深刻體會(huì)到了這一點(diǎn)。
第五步：代入答案 B
（2024·江西·一模）One f China’s first female sea-rescue pilts lks back in pride at 300-plus missins and prmises t save mre lives. When the perfect strm brews(醞釀) ver the bundless sea and lives are in danger, a crew f highly trained prfessinals embarks n a missin impssible t search fr and rescue survivrs frm the rugh waters. Wan Qiuwen is ne f them. And, she’s a wman.
The 36-year-ld frm Shanghai has brken the glass ceiling t becme ne f China’s first tw female rescue helicpter pilts wh respnd t search and rescue missins invlving carg ship snags(貨船遇險(xiǎn)), vessel accidents, medical emergencies and special marine peratins. The demanding nature f the prfessin had always favred male candidates until the rules were changed fr the first and nly time. She says, “Rescue at sea can be bth challenging and terrifying. If yu dn’t think and act fast, peple may die.”
On Aug 20,2020, an il tanker ferrying 3,000 metric tns f gasline cllided with a carg ship laded with sand and gravel abut 1.5 nautical miles (2,778 meters) sutheast f the Yangtze River estuary, sparking a fire n the deck f the il tanker and causing the latter t sink. Wan was amng the first respndents. She flew t the site frm Gadng helicpter airprt, which is the cuntry’s first-f-its-kind marine rescue launchpad(發(fā)射臺(tái)). “The tanker was still burning and there was a thick envelpe f smke, reducing visibility t near zer.” she recalls. And yet, with her sea wisdm, Wan sptted a survivr and executed a successful rescue peratin. She hvered abve the trubled waters fr a cuple f minutes t estimate the best extractin pint, and then threw dwn a rpe and pulled up a seriusly injured crew member.
Nw, a mther f a by, when peple ask her if she will cntinue t fly nce her child grws up, Wan’s respnse is affirmative. “This prfessin is abut saving lives and I am a rescue pilt, nce and always.”
9．What d the underlined wrds “brken the glass ceiling” prbably mean?
A．Winning wide praise.B．Making a persnal breakthrugh.
C．Disbeying rules f her career.D．Breaking barriers preventing wmen’s advancement.
模板03 代詞指代題
【2024浙江1月卷】When was the last time yu used a telephne bx? I mean t make an actual phne call — nt t shelter frm the rain. Ages ag right? The last time I used a phne bx fr its intended purpse was…2006. I was cnducting auditins (試演) fr my play in my tiny ld shared huse in Lndn. Hping t impress sme talented actrs t cme and wrk fr me fr nthing, I spread sme thrws ver the sfas and lit candles t make it seem a bit mre ”yung prfessinal”.
As I rushed utdrs t empty the wastepaper baskets, the dr swung shut behind me. Suddenly I was lcked utside. My mbile phne was inside, but luckily there was a telephne bx acrss the street. S, I called Directry Assistance, gt put thrugh t ur landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent t me with just enugh time t get back in befre the actrs arrived.
As it has been many years since I last used ne, I shuld hardly be surprised that then are n lnger any public telephnes near my huse. The last ne standing has just been turn int a “mini cmmunity library”: any passer-by can “brrw” a bk frm its shelves return it later, r replace it with anther title frm their wn cllectin.
Fr a few mnths after the “l(fā)ibrary” pened, I didn’t bther taking a lk, as I had assumed that it wuld be stuffed full f cheese lve stries. Then I nticed frk cnducting spring cleans drpping bxes f vluminus bks n varius subjects there. And these bks were free. This unbeatable price-pint encuraged me t experiment with dzens f titles that I wuld never nrmally cnsider buying. And I’ve discvered sme great bks!
If I ever get trapped utside my huse again, my lcal telephne bx will, sadly n lnger be able t cnnect me with my keys. But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait fr my wife t rescue me.
4. What des the underlined wrd “it” in the first paragraph refer t?
A. The play.B. The shared huse.
C. The sfa.D. The telephne bx.
第一步：定位原文
第一段 "I mean t make an actual phne call — nt t shelter frm the rain. Ages ag right? The last time I used a phne bx fr its intended purpse was…2006." (我指的是打?qū)嶋H的電話——不是為了躲雨。很久之前了對(duì)吧？我上次為了它原本的目的使用電話亭是在……2006年。) 其中，"it" 出現(xiàn)在 "fr its intended purpse" 這個(gè)短語(yǔ)中。
第二步：推測(cè)詞義
根據(jù)上下文，作者提到了“打?qū)嶋H的電話”和“不是為了躲雨”，然后提到自己上次為了某個(gè)東西（it）原本的目的使用電話亭是在2006年。結(jié)合常識(shí)和語(yǔ)境，電話亭原本的目的就是打電話，因此可以推斷 "it" 指的是電話亭（telephne bx）。
第三步：代入驗(yàn)證
將 "telephne bx" 代入原文，句子意思變?yōu)椋骸拔疑洗螢榱穗娫捦ぴ镜哪康氖褂盟窃?006年?！?這與上下文語(yǔ)境相符，因此可以確定 "it" 指的是 "telephne bx"。
第四步：檢查答案
根據(jù)以上分析，選項(xiàng)D（The telephne bx）是正確答案。其他選項(xiàng)（A. The play. B. The shared huse. C. The sfa.）在上下文中均未與 "it" 形成直接關(guān)聯(lián)，因此可以排除。
答案為D。
(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷·C篇節(jié)選) An idea frm lawmakers in New Yrk is t give plice fficers a new device called the Textalyzer.It wuld wrk like this: An fficer arriving at the scene f a crash culd ask fr the phnes f the drivers and use the Textalyzer t check in the perating system fr recent activity.The technlgy culd determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed r dne anything else that is nt allwed under New Yrk’s hands-free driving laws.
“We need smething n the bks that can change peple’s behavir,” said Félix W.Ortiz, wh pushed fr the state’s 2001 ban n hand-held devices by drivers.If the Textalyzer bill becmes law, he said,“peple are ging t be mre afraid t put their hands n the cell phne.”
What des the underlined wrd “smething” in the last paragraph refer t?
Advice. D.Laws.
第一步：定位原文 We need smething n the bks that can change peple’s behavir我們需要一些能改變?nèi)藗冃袨榈挠邪缚刹榈臇|西。(畫(huà)線詞所在的句子)If the Textalyzer bill becmes law, he said, “peple are ging t be mre afraid t put their hands n the cell phne.”
第二步：推測(cè)詞義 根據(jù)下文句意如果文本分析儀法案成為法律,他說(shuō):“人們會(huì)更害怕把手放在手機(jī)上?！焙驮男畔⒖芍? 畫(huà)線詞指代下文中的law, 即法律。
第三步：代入驗(yàn)證 根據(jù)原文信息可知,畫(huà)線詞指代下文中的law,即法律。故選D。
第四步：檢查答案 考生在解答本題時(shí),要注意畫(huà)線詞后文對(duì)答案的提示作用,特別注意畫(huà)線詞前后文的語(yǔ)境。如果忽略畫(huà)線詞后的句子,則很容易選錯(cuò)答案。
【2024-2025學(xué)年江西省多校聯(lián)考高三上學(xué)期10月月考】
The Arctic has seen the largest and mst steady declines in sea ice’s cling pwer since1980, but until recently, the Suth Ple had appeared mre adaptive t the changing climate, accrding t new research led by scientists in University f Michigan. Its sea ice cver had remained relatively stable frm 2007 t the 2010s, and the cling pwer f the Antarctic sea ice was actually trending up at that time.
That view suddenly changed in 2016, when an area larger than Texas melted n ne f the cntinent’s largest ice shelves. The Antarctic lst sea ice then t, and its cling pwer hasn’t recvered. As a result, 2016 and the fllwing seven years have had the weakest glbal sea ice cling effect since the early 1980s.
Beynd the disappearing ice cver, the remaining ice is als becming less reflective as warming temperatures and increased rainfall create thinner and wetter ice and mre melt pnds that reflect less slar radiatin. This effect has been mst bvius in the Arctic, where sea ice has becme less reflective in the sunniest parts f the year, and the new study raises the pssibility that it culd be an imprtant factr in the Antarctic, t— in additin t lst sea ice cver.
6．What des the underlined wrd “it” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A．The study.B．The warming temperature.
C．The sea ice.D．The effect.
Passage 1
（24-25高三上·甘肅定西·階段練習(xí)）The Eurpean Central Bank, r ECB, has cut interest rates fr the first time in nearly fur years, bringing them dwn frm a recrd high f 4 percent t 3.75 percent, leading peple t guess that the Bank f England, r BE, and the United States Federal Reserve culd fllw suit, sner rather than later. A statement issued by the gverning cuncil f the ECB n Thursday said, “Based n an updated assessment f the inflatin (通貨膨脹) utlk, the ptential inflatin and the strength f mnetary plicy transmissin, it is nw apprpriate t change the degree f mnetary plicy restrictin after nine mnths f hlding rates steady.”
Lindsay James, an investment strategist at Quilter Investrs, tld bradcaster CNBC that the decisin “fired the starting gun”, and culd cause ther majr central banks t take actin f their wn. “Central banks will nt want t differ t far frm ne anther, and with plitical risk being rising, they als wn’t want t be seen as t influential,” she said, adding that the decisin ended “ne f the mst aggressive and swift rate-hiking (加息) cycles in mdern times”.
Interest rates have stayed high in an attempt t keep inflatin under cntrl, but as a cnsequence, they have a bad effect n ecnmic grwth. The mve, James added, wuld influence the 20 cuntries in the eurzne by “breathing life int an ecnmy that desperately needs sme frm f stimulus (刺激)”.
Katherine Neiss, chief Eurpean ecnmist at investment cmpany PGIM, tld the BBC she was “reasnably cnfident” there wuld be anther ECB cut in the summer r fall, taking the figure dwn t 3.5 percent r maybe lwer by the year’s end. “Grwth is encuragingly recvering frm the recessin (蕭條) that the eur area went thrugh tward the end f last year, but it is still weak,” she added.
Althugh inflatin in the United Kingdm has fallen t 2.3 percent, clse t the BE’s target f 2 percent, interest rates remain at 5.25 percent. The next interest rate decisin frm the BE, which is independent f the gvernment, is due n June 20, and althugh there have been calls fr a cut, the fact that there is a general electin campaign ging n at the mment culd affect whether r nt ne is made because f the plitical sensitivity f any change during the campaign. He added that he expected t see a rate cut in the US in the cming mnths, with the cuntry als facing an electin, this ne presidential, in Nvember.
1．Hw did Lindsay James describe the last rate-hiking cycle in Para. 2?
A．Cntrllable.B．Slw.C．Rapid.D．Nrmal.
2．What des the underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 4 refer t?
A．The grwth.B．The investment.C．The figure.D．The eur area.
3．What d the US and the UK have in cmmn?
A．They have the same interest rates.
B．They will sn have a general electin.
C．They have the same target f inflatin.
D．They will raise their minimum wage standard.
4．Which can serve as the best title fr the news reprt?
A．ECB cuts interest rates acrss Eurpe
B．ECB hlds rates steady fr nine mnths
C．ECB updates assessment f inflatin utlk
D．ECB’s actin influences 20 cuntries in eurzne
Passage 2
（2024·浙江金華·一模）Last winter I enjyed a brief adventure in Guatemala. Over a perid f 12 days, I explred thrugh the jungle t watch the sunrise and danced in the street during the hliday parade. But lking back n that trip, what I remember mst vividly is a New Year’s Eve in Guatemala City, at a lifeless htel. Rather than a cuntdwn t midnight, I cunted dwn the hurs until my departure.
Nthing special happened during that night. Rather, the big rle this htel plays in my memries can be explained by a psychlgical principle called the recency effect. “The recency effect helps t accunt fr ur tendency t remember the ending part f a sequence f events with far mre clarity than the rest, ” said Dr. Mary Pffenrth, a bipsychlgist.
She says it arises frm ur shrt-term memry’s inability t hld n t mre than a small amunt f infrmatin at nce. S while there is n magic frmula t create lvely travel memries, emplying the recency effect can turn a gd trip int an unfrgettable ne.
Dr. Stephanie, a Neurscientist, says that while yu can strategically set ff the recency effect at a trip’s end, yu may have multiple pprtunities t create lasting memries all alng the way by breaking it up int smaller chunks.
Keep in mind that the recency effect can als backfire. “Ending an amazing trip with stressful flight delays, lst luggage r feeling unwell might be enugh t vershadw the entire experience, resulting in remembering the trip as awful instead f jyful, ” Stephanie said.
T avid disprprtinately (不成比例地)sptlighting the final days, Pffenrth has created a trick: She amplifies (增強(qiáng)) earlier days in a trip t keep her memries well-runded. “I cllect little bits that will remind me f that day: a subway ticket, a seashell, a cardbard drink with a pub’ s lg n it. ” Then, as she is packing n the last day, “I g thrugh all my little fund treasures and spend a few mments recalling each ne, ” she said. “This gives me a sense f clsure fr that chapter f travel and makes the experience memrable. ”
1．Hw did the authr feel abut the New Year’s Eve in Guatemala City?
A．It was bring.B．It was eventful.
C．It was relaxing.D．It was cheerful.
2．What d we knw abut the recency effect frm paragraph 2?
A．It is based n a psychlgical principle.
B．It is widely used t create lvely memries.
C．It highlights the final part f a series f events.
D．It makes up fr the inability f shrt-term memry.
3．What des the underlined wrd “backfire” mean in paragraph 4?
A．Be avided t sme extent.B．Be applied extensively.
C．Prduce undesirable cnsequences.D．Pse unexpected challenges.
4．Accrding t Pffenrth, which f the fllwing may help travelers have gd memries?
A．Share travel experiences.B．Recall the final days f a jurney.
C．Purchase as many suvenirs as pssible.D．Purpsely gather reminders f a jurney.
Passage 3
（24-25高三上·福建廈門(mén)·期中）Imagine finding yurself in a spken wrd event (als knwn as perfrmance petry). Yu’re attracted by the perfrmer n stage as he cnveys his deepest thughts t the rm:
Tday I bught yu flwers,
Hw strange meanings can change,
What was nce a symbl f jy is nw ne f pain,
A universal language fr when yu dn’t knw what t say.
The crwd is attentive but far frm silent. Thrughut the perfrmance, yu hear clapping and cheers, expressing apprval f specific lines. And then the pem ends with thunderus applause and the pet returns t his seat. The perfrmance has ended, but its energy cntinues t exist thrughut the night.
Spken wrd events are far frm yur standard petry reading. Many peple tday think f petry as a silent, individual act but it actually started as an ral (口頭的) traditin. Befre mass literacy, pems and stries were shared verbally and perfrmed t the public. In mdern times, mass media prvided audiences with alternative means f entertainment and the art f strytelling declined. The recent and increasing ppularity f the spken wrd is petry returning t its ral rts.
The spken wrd helps peple achieve healing and emtinal balance. It shares many benefits with written petry, including helping us rganize ur thughts, prcess ur emtins and prmte self-reflectin. Hwever, it’s nt just the sharing f petry that is healing. It’s the cnnectins that frm between the audience and the pet. This adds t the degree f scial cnnectin, which is central t the essence f spken wrd petry. Pets can be themselves in this safe space, where they avid being judged and laughed at. The feeling f healing als applies t audience members wh relate t the pet’s wrds. Hearing smene wh is ging thrugh the same feelings r experiences that yu are ging thrugh r have experienced in the past can make yu feel less alne and mre cnnected t thers, knwing that the struggles are shared.
The spken wrd is an unbelievably accessible art frm. There are very few rules, and the frm is interpreted fairly bradly. As lng as yu are perfrming an riginal piece which desn’t include any ffensive (冒犯的) cntent, it will be accepted at a spken wrd event.
5．Why is the scene f a perfrmance mentined in the first paragraph?
A．T draw readers’ attentin t the spken wrd.
B．T call n audience t participate in the event.
C．T infrm the cntent f a spken wrd event.
D．T highlight the imprtance f spken wrd petry.
6．What des the wrd “verbally” in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A．In private.B．On stage.
C．In spken wrds.D．With enthusiasm.
7．What’s the cre f spken wrd petry accrding t the passage?
A．The sharing f individual pems amng perfrmers.
B．The same feelings and experiences cnnecting peple.
C．The prmtin f self-reflectin and emtinal balance.
D．The extent f relatinships between the pets and audience.
8．What is the best title f the passage?
A．Reading Alud in PublicB．Mre Than Petry Reading
C．A New Kind f Spken EventsD．The Ppularity f the Spken Wrd
Passage 4
（24-25高三上·湖南長(zhǎng)沙·階段練習(xí)）Yu see a fantastic ffer, like a htel rm. Yu decide t bk. Then it turns ut there is a service fee. Then a cleaning fee. Then a few ther extra csts. By the time yu pay the final price, it is n lnger the fantastic ffer yu thught.
Welcme t the wrld f drip pricing — the practice f prmting smething at an attractive headline price and then, nce yu’ve cmmitted t the purchase prcess, hitting yu with unavidable add-ns that are “dripped”.
In mst cases, yu see thrugh all additinally added mandatry fees, and even thugh yu culd relinquish the deal, yu chse t bite the bullet and cmplete the deal. Resistance t the idea f starting the search all ver again is nt simply a matter f laziness r indecisin. There’s a prfund psychlgical mechanism at play here, called the present bias.
In the paper, Ding It Nw r Later, ecnmist Matthew Rabin defines peple’s present-biased preference via an example f chsing between ding seven hurs f unpleasant activity n April 1 r eight hurs tw weeks later: If asked n February 1, mst peple will chse the earlier ptin. But cme April 1, given the same chice, mst f us tend t put ff wrk till April 15. In simple terms, the incnvenience f ding smething “right nw” ften feels disprprtinately large. Beynd the challenge f starting ver, there’s anther psychlgical phenmenn that drip pricing uses - lss aversin. Imagine yu’re bking tickets fr a shw. Initially attracted by the headline price, yu’re nw presented with different seating categries. Seeing a VIP ticket is within yur budget, yu decide t frk ut. But then, during the checkut prcess, the drip begins. Yu realize yu culd have chsen lwer-categry seats, but by this stage, yu’ve already imagined yurself enjying the shw frm thse nice seats. Ging back t a cheaper seat will feel like a lss.
Buyers wuld benefit frm a ban n drip pricing. Many cuntries are taking steps t prtect cnsumers frm drip pricing. The effectiveness f such measures, hwever, is uncertain. Nnetheless, yu can hpefully make a mre infrmed decisin by understanding why the strategy wrks.
9．Which f the fllwing is an example f drip pricing?
A．FlightHub intrduces a bnus after yu chse their flight.
B．Airbnb ffers yu a membership accunt when yu bk a trip.
C．Rent-A-Car charges wear and tear fees beynd the advertised price.
D．Ticketmaster prvides ptinal items at later stages f yur purchase.
10．What des the underlined wrd “relinquish” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Reach.B．Abandn.C．Sign.D．Expand.
11．Hw will Rabin explain peple’s refusal t cancel an rder and remake ne?
A．Peple are likely t blindly stick t their initial intentins.
B．Peple like t grab earlier rewards and delay immediate csts.
C．Peple struggle t make a decisin amng multiple chices.
D．Peple tend t tlerate additinal csts within their budget.
12．What is the authr’s main purpse in writing the text?
A．T explain why peple fall int the drip pricing trick.
B．T educate custmers n hw t deal with drip pricing.
C．T call n gvernments t prtect cnsumers’ interests.
D．T intrduce tw psychlgical phenmena abut spending.
Passage 5
（24-25高三上·寧夏·期中）Artificial intelligence (AI) is generating excitement everywhere, but in the field f health care it has the ptential t be transfrmatinal. In Eurpe analysts predict that AI culd save hundreds f thusands f lives each year.
There is already evidence that AI systems can enhance diagnstic accuracy and disease tracking, imprve the predictin f patients’ utcmes and suggest better treatments. It can als bst efficiency in hspitals and surgeries. It may already be reducing the time it takes fr new drugs t reach clinical trials. New tls, including generative AI, culd supercharge these abilities. Yet as ur research this week shws, althugh AI has been used in health care fr many years, integratin has been slw and the results have ften been medicre.
There are gd and bad reasns fr this. The gd reasns are that health care demands high evidential barriers when intrducing new tls, t prtect patients’ safety. The bad reasns invlve data, regulatin and mtivatins. Overcming them culd hld lessns fr AI in ther fields.
AI systems learn by prcessing huge vlumes f data, smething health-care prviders have in abundance. But health data is highly fragmented; strict rules cntrl its use. Gvernments recgnize that patients want their medical privacy prtected. But patients als want better and mre persnalized care. Each year rughly 800,000 Americans suffer frm pr medical decisin-making.
Imprving accuracy and reducing bias in AI tls requires them t be trained n large data sets that reflect patient’ full diversity. Finding secure ways t allw health data t mve mre freely wuld help. But it culd benefit patients, t: they shuld be given the right t access their wn recrds in a prtable, digital frmat. Cnsumer-health firms are already making use f data frm wearable devices, with varying success, Prtable patients’ recrds wuld let peple make fuller use f their data and take mre respnsibility fr their health.
13．What des the underlined phrase “medicre” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Outstanding.B．Average.C．Innvative.D．Obvius.
14．Why d patients want mre persnalized care?
A．T reduce medical csts.B．T avid visiting hspitals.
C．T have accurate medical treatment.D．T cntrl medical regulatin
15．Hw d AI systems imprve accuracy?
A．By cllecting mre and mre data.B．By prcessing small vlumes f data.
C．By aviding strict rules and regulatins.D．By using nly gvernment-regulated data.
16．What’s the best title f the passage?
A．The Way f AI Revlutinizing Patient Care
B．The Applicatin f AI in Mdern Health Care
C．Advancements in AI fr Persnalized Medicine
D．The Benefits and Barriers f AI in Health Care
Passage 6
（24-25高三上·安徽·期中）On Sept. 29, bus driver Radfrd-Baker began her shift like any ther peple. It was she was filling in fr anther bus driver that day that it turned ut she was in the right place at the right time.
Radfrd-Baker was abut t drp ff students at Seagville Nrth Elementary Schl when smething went wrng - all f it caught n surveillance vide (監(jiān)控錄像). Vide frm inside the bus shwed 7-year-ld Prestn Bell put smething in his muth. Mments later, he drpped dwn between the seats befre heading tward his bus driver.
“He mentined smething abut a penny and I immediately said, Penny? I just grabbed him, ran dwn the stairs with him. On my way t the sidewalk, I was actually perfrming the Heimlich maneuver,” Radfrd-Baker explained. “The whle entire time I’m saying, ‘Baby, breathe. I gt yu. Breathe,’” she cntinued. He was limp and blue in the face. That is when Radfrd-Baker sptted a parent and asked her t call 911.
Radfrd-Baker said she had never perfrmed the Heimlich befre, but in that mment — her training kicked in. “I was nervus at the time. But I culdn’t panic,” she said. “All I said t myself was, ‘Gd, help me. Help me save this baby.’” She didn’t even realize when a quarter flew ut f Prestn’s muth.
“The lady said, ‘Ma’am, there’s a quarter there,’ and I’m still in shck because I’m still trying t wrk with him and he stepped t the side and said, ‘I’m OK. I can breathe,’” Radfrd-Baker recalled. “It was a pwerful relief fr me because I can’t believe that I just reversed this whle thing that culd have really gne wrng.” She desn’t knw hw she gt the curage t d what she did that day, but she knws, “I feel like Gd placed me there fr a reasn... I mean, if I wasn’t there, I dn’t knw what the ther driver may have dne.”
17．Why did Prestn Bell walk tward the driver?
A．Because he tripped ver the seats.B．Because he chked n a cin.
C．Because he suddenly fell uncnscius.D．Because he ruined the vide device.
18．What did Radfrd-Baker d while perfrming the Heimlich maneuver?
A．She cmfrted the student.B．She tried t spt the student’s parent.
C．She called 911 fr immediate assistance.D．She gave the student muth-t-muth breathing.
19．What des the underlined phrase “kicked in” mean in Para. 4?
A．Passed dwn.B．Ppped up.C．Came int being.D．Did the trick.
20．Which f the fllwing can best describe Radfrd-Baker?
A．Earnest and sympathetic.B．Adventurus and cmpetent.
C．Curageus and cmpsed.D．Apprachable and cnsiderate.
Passage 7
（24-25高三上·江蘇連云港·期中）Dr. Jseph Needham (1900-1995) was an excellent bichemist and scial activist wh dedicated mst f his life t the histry f science and technlgy in China.
He was brn in Lndn n December 9th, 1900. He entered Cambridge University in 1918. Sn he was attracted t the evlving mdern science f bichemistry, and received a Ph. D．in Chemical Embrylgy (胚胎學(xué)) in 1924. His research n this subject was s widely acknwledged that it earned him recgnitin as the “father f chemical embrylgy”.
In 1937, he met Lu Gwei-Dien, a yung graduate frm China, at Cambridge, which cmpletely changed his life. She challenged him t explre the great cntributins f ancient Chinese science and technlgy t the rise f mdern science. He started t study Chinese and later mastered it s well that he culd easily read classical Chinese texts.
Jseph Needham was the first Western schlar t cnduct a cmprehensive and cmparative (對(duì)比的) study f the histry f Chinese science and technlgy related t the rise f mdern science. By citing many mdern scientific and technlgical advances that riginated in ancient China, he pwerfully dispelled a lng-held view in the West that China neither had science nr made any cntributin t mdern science.
He, tgether with his many distinguished c-wrkers, demnstrated that China and the Near East had made many utstanding cntributins in the transfrmatin f ancient t mdern science. His mnumental wrk Science and Civilisatin in China has been characterized as “perhaps the greatest single act f histrical synthesis (整合) and inter-cultural cmmunicatin ever attempted…”
In ne f his pems he describes himself as:
Having written much, whether well r ill. I knw nt.
But with devut (虔誠(chéng)的) intentin fr the healing f the natins.
This intentin makes his wrk nt simply impressive but imprtant. As a schlar, he will always be remembered as a bridge-builder between the East and the West.
21．What can we learn abut Jseph’s persnal backgrund?
A．He earned a Ph. D．a(chǎn)t the age f 37.B．He mved t Lndn after graduatin.
C．He received high praise fr his research.D．He was devted t studying British histry.
22．What did Lu Gwei-Dien advise Jseph t d?
A．Make great changes t his lifestyle.
B．Read mre classical Chinese wrks.
C．Wrk with her teammates in bichemistry.
D．Study ancient Chinese science and technlgy.
23．What des the underlined wrd “dispelled” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Challenged.B．Supprted.C．Shared.D．Stated.
24．What is Jseph’s intentin f writing Science and Civilisatin in China?
A．T heal and bridge different cuntries.
B．T gain persnal fame and recgnitin.
C．T prvide entertainment fr the readers.
D．T dcument imprtant histrical events.
Passage 8
（24-25高三上·山東·期中）Recently, a landmark study has revealed that many fruits and vegetables cntain less prtein, irn and vitamin C than they did in the 1950s, thugh carbhydrates (碳水化合物) levels have increased. Researchers believe a crucial factr fr this phenmenn is the rising CO2 levels in Earth’s changing atmsphere.
Within the next 50 years, CO2 cncentratins are expected t reach 550 parts per millin, which is almst duble the amunt measured befre the mid-19th century. Research shws that increased CO2 levels will affect 95 percent f plant species by causing essential mineral levels t drp by 6 t 8 percent. Thugh this decrease may sund negligible, it will have far-reaching cnsequences fr glbal health.
The impacts f an increasingly carbn-cncentrated atmsphere were first bserved in zplanktn (浮游動(dòng)物), tiny sea creatures that primarily feed n algae (海藻). Scientists fund that shining lights n water caused mre algae t grw in it, which shuld have benefited the hungry zplanktn. Instead, the zplanktn struggled t survive. That’s because the algae grew faster at a lwer nutritinal quality. In ther wrds, the lwer-nutritin algae restricted the zplanktn’s ability t multiply. Similarly, the land plants, which rely n bth light and CO2 t grw, als experienced a decreased nutritinal value with rising CO2 levels, as land plants can mre easily transfrm sunlight and CO2 int higher cncentratin f carbhydrates at the expense f prtein, irn and ther essential nutrients.
Will the increase f carbhydrates and cnsequent decrease f ther nutrients in yur meals make a difference t yur health? Nutrient-rich plants are critical fr tackling health prblems arund the wrld, and lwer levels f nutrients put fragile ppulatins at risk. Fr instance, estimates shw that 150 millin peple may be at risk fr prtein deficiency (不足) by 2050, and irn deficiency may affect a billin pregnant wmen within the same time frame. Increasing CO2 levels will cause chain effects thrughut the ecsystem in ways scientists can’t anticipate.
25．What can we knw frm the study?
A．Fds cnsist f less nutrients nwadays.
B．The rising CO2 level may lead t nutrient lss.
C．Carbhydrates levels in fds decrease greatly.
D．The Earth’s atmsphere keeps stable at present.
26．What des the underlined wrd “negligible” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Avidable.B．Messurable.C．Insignificant.D．Unmanageable.
27．What is a pssible impact f increased CO2 level?
A．The algae multiplies quickly.B．The zplanktn survives better.
C．Land plants becme mre nutritius.D．Peple enjy better physical cnditin.
28．What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut?
A．Chain effects taking place in the ecsystem.
B．Physical prblems impacting peple by 2050.
C．Health risks generated by the rise f CO2 level.
D．Nutrient deficiencies caused by the lack f plants.
Passage 9
（24-25高三上·山西運(yùn)城·期中）Guilt, if left unchecked, can prduce prblems ranging frm the physical t the mental. Hwever, despite its reputatin, guilt — nce prperly cntrlled and used — can be mre psitive than negative.
“We’ve nly recently cme t understand that guilt can be cnstructive,” says Will Bynum, a prfessr at the Duke University. “We nw have a new cncept f guilt as a ptential surce fr grwth. It can pint us tward actins we can take t imprve ur lives.”
Guilt is “a self-cnscius emtin characterized by a painful judgment f having dne r thught smething that is wrng.” It’s a feeling f culd’ve, shuld’ve, wuld’ve that’s ften termed a “self-aware” emtin. It’s an unpleasant emtin in ur guts (直覺(jué)), a vice whispering warnings in ur heads — it’s the reminder that we have a guilty feeling.
In a 2021 study, researchers interviewed Canadian adults and then shwed them vides related t their interview respnses and designed t cause guilt. Fr example, a participant wuld see a sentence “Yu dnate less than the average Canadian”, befre they watched a vide abut starving children in need f dnatins.
Researchers fund that guilt affected the autnmic nervus system, raising electrical activity in the skin, upsetting gastric rhythms in the stmach and lwering swallwing rates.
Guilt affects us fr gd r fr ill depending n hw we experience and manage it. The trick t replacing regret with relief is t learn hw t distinguish between the healthy guilt that can help yu and the unhealthy kind. Healthy guilt is realistic and justified, a self-crrectin that prmtes persnal develpment, whereas unhealthy guilt is twisted and wrsens, eating int ur self-respect and preventing us frm grwing as much as we shuld.
“Thinking ahead abut guilt wrks even better than later acknwledging it,” Baumeister says. “If yu get a hint that yu’re abut t d wrng t smene and will feel guilty abut it afterwards, just stp yurself. The sner yu see the guilt cming, the better prepared yu’ll be t prevent it.”
29．What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A．The definitin f guilt.B．The impact f guilt.
C．The cause f guilt.D．The feature f guilt.
30．Why are the participants shwn the underlined sentence?
A．T make them dnate mre mney.B．T get them t feel guilty.
C．T enhance their sense f respnsibility.D．T help them understand the children.
31．What des the authr want t highlight in paragraph 6?
A．Hw t manage ill guilt.B．Hw prmte persnal develpment.
C．Hw t play tricks n guilt.D．Hw t make guilt affect us fr gd.
32．Which f the fllwing can best interpret Baumeister’s wrds?
A．Experience teaches.B．Preventin is better than cure.
C．Take things as they cme.D．In time f peace prepare fr war.
Passage 10
（24-25高三上·山西運(yùn)城·期中）Abut ne-third f adults glbally suffer frm lneliness, which can cause prblems like depressin and anxiety. A new generatin f AI apps called AI cmpanins is designed t simulate (模擬) natural cnversatins and keep peple cmpany. AI assistants like ChatGPT can d thse things t sme extent, but AI cmpanins are designed t respnd in a sympathetic, realistic way when yu share yur prblems. Mst f these prgrams are still at a relatively early stage, and are just building an audience. But d AI cmpanins really wrk?
Our studies shw that the best f these apps really d wrk. We started by analyzing 50,000 app reviews f five ppular AI cmpanins, lking fr hw ften the reviews mentined lneliness, as well as their ratings fr the apps. We then lked at reviews fr ChatGPT t make a cmparisn.
Our findings shw that nly 4% f ChatGPT reviews mentined lneliness. But the cmpanin apps turned in a much better shwing, as high as 20%. The mre mentins, the mre peple might use the apps t help with lneliness. They als received higher ratings. The implicatin is clear: AI cmpanins can help peple t reduce lneliness.
We then divided abut 1,100 nline participants int tw grups. One grup interacted daily with an AI cmpanin; the ther didn’t. Thse wh used the AI cmpanin reprted 14% pints less lneliness n average. They said they felt heard and the AI cmpanin ffered emtinal respnses during their talks.
There is still the questin f whether AI cmpanins will be gd fr sciety. Sme peple fear, reasnably, that cmpanins will turn peple int shut-ins wh avid human cntact. But any debate abut the lng-term impact f cmpanins shuld accunt fr their ptential fr reducing lneliness. Because we aren’t ding well as a sciety n lneliness, we shuld at least keep an pen mind n any tl that helps at all.
33．What des the underlined phrase in paragraph 1 mean?
A．Attracting custmers.B．Selecting assistants.
C．Emplying prgrammers.D．Seeking spnsrs.
34．What d we knw abut the new AI cmpanin apps?
A．They may identify health prblems.B．They functin as well as AI assistants.
C．They can prvide emtinal supprt.D．They have been cmpletely accepted.
35．Hw did the researchers carry ut the first part f the study?
A．By ding nline surveys.B．By cnducting experiments.
C．By interviewing participants.D．By analyzing data.
36．What des the authr intend t cnvey in the last paragraph?
A．Sciety shuld pay mre attentin t lneliness.
B．Peple may withdraw after using AI cmpanins.
C．AI cmpanins are wrth trying thugh nt perfect.
D．A debate n the effect f AI cmpanins is necessary.
Passage 11
（24-25高三上·江蘇鹽城·期中）If a patient knew their dctr was ging t give them bad infrmatin during an upcming appintment, they’d cancel immediately. Generative AI mdels such as ChatGPT, hwever, frequently make stuff up t cheat ur eyes. S why wuld anyne want t use an AI fr medical purpses?
Here’s the ptimistic scenari (設(shè)想): nt nly d AI tls get trained n medical literature, but they als scan patient recrds and smart watch data. Then, they prduce persnalized tips t each user, accurate enugh t be helpful. The dystpian versin: gvernments, insurance cmpanies, and the medical enterprises push immature AI t cut csts, leaving patients desperate fr medical care frm clinicians. Right nw, it’s easy t imagine things ging wrng, especially because AI has already been accused f ffering harmful advice nline.
“ChatGPT and ther large language mdels are very cnfident, they express themselves clearly, and they’re very ften wrng,” says Mark Dredze, a prfessr at Jhns Hpkins University. Still, he is ptimistic. ChatGPT already gives advice that’s cmparable t the recmmendatins physicians ffer nline, his newly published research has fund. And future generative mdels might cmplement (完善) trips t the dctr, rather than replacing cnsults entirely. They culd help explain treatments and cnditins, such as preventing misunderstandings due t language barriers. In a mre prmising future, AI systems wuld cmbine multiple data surces. Using phts, patient recrds, infrmatin frm wearable sensrs, and mre, they culd deliver gd care anywhere t anyne.
As medical AI develps, the industry must keep grwing amunts f patient data secure. But many hspitals already sell sensitive patient data t tech cmpanies. Smene suggests that that infrmatin be added t natinal data sets t imprve medical AI mdels. Additinally, the gvernment culd review the accuracy f AI tls used by hspitals and medical grups and cut ff valuable funding fr substandard sftware. Dctrs shuldn’t just be handed AI tls, either, they shuld receive extensive training n hw t use them.
It’s easy t see hw Al cmpanies might trick rganizatins and patients int signing up fr services that can’t be trusted. Lawmakers, heal the are prviders and tech cmpanies need t mve ahead with cautin (謹(jǐn)慎). Lives depend n it.
37．What des the underlined wrd “dystpian” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A．Uplifting.B．Practical.C．Advanced.D．Discuraging.
38．What might be the current view n AI in medical fields?
A．It can prvide accurate suggestins.B．AI will adapt and replace dctrs.
C．Patients are eager fr AI treatment.D．There is still a lng way fr AI t g.
39．Accrding t Mark Dredze, what can AI pssibly help d?
A．Prevent illnesses.B．Imprve cmmunicatin.
C．Assess dctrs.D．Check recmmendatins.
40．Which f the fllwing statements might the authr agree with?
A．The develpment f AI is t fast fr human cntrl.
B．It is highly irrespnsible t intrduce AI t medicine.
C．Prmting AI-aid medical checkups is as easy as pie.
D．The applicatin f AI t medicine is wrth jint effrts.
Passage 12
（24-25高三上·山西太原·期中）What shuld yu d if yur child steals anther kid’s ty in a playdate r gets pushed by anther kid at the park? These are cmmn behavirs fr preschlers wh are still learning hw t act arund thers and regulate their emtins. But fr many parents, these mments are a struggle t manage.
“We feel n the spt when we’re in public,” says Celina Benavides, a develpmental psychlgist at Oxnard Cllege in Califrnia. “We feel the judgmental eyes frm ther peple, and that can shape hw we parent and hw children might respnd t us.” S, hw shuld parents address their kids’ challenging behavirs in public? Benavides explains the reasn why smetimes yung children suffer meltdwn is that they are stuck in a tugh situatin fr them t handle prperly. S try t distract them by stepping in timely and ffering help they need.
Fr example, at a park, a by cmes up behind yur 2-year-ld daughter and hits her n the back f the head s that he can climb the stairs first, but his parents dn’t say anything r aplgize. What wuld yu d? “It’s always OK t simply remve yur child frm situatins that dn’t feel safe. But if yu chse t engage, fcus first n the harmed child. Then, mve n t the child ding the harm, prducing a situatin t help the children repair the relatinship in a healthy way.” says Benavides.
Assuming yur 18-mnth-ld sn is at a children’s party. He grabs an lder child’s shirt, and then takes a truck ty frm his hand! The ther child starts crying. Yur sn lks n, cnfused. Shuld the parents get invlved in it? “Actually, parents’ rle is t help the kid figure ut hw t reslve the dilemma n his wn.” Benavides says. He als recmmends pausing befre jumping in, and if yu d need t participate, label what yu’re seeing and ask questins, like “What if we try taking turns?” This allws children t cme up with ideas themselves.
41．Why is parenting in public difficult?
A．The kids’ misbehavirs are tlerated.B．It’s hard t regulate parents’ emtins.
C．Parents feel stressed by thers’ judgement.D．Adults lack cmmunicatin skills with kids.
42．What des the underlined wrd “meltdwn” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Cnstant fear.B．Emtinal utbursts.
C．Physical prblems.D．Temprary setbacks.
43．What is suggested by Benavides when kids are in a dilemma?
A．Blaming the child ding harm.B．Presenting children with chices.
C．Standing by withut engagement.D．Getting kids away frm the spt.
44．What des the text mainly talk abut?
A．Hw t parent sensibly in public.B．Hw t cnstruct family relatins.
C．Hw t develp kids’ gd manners.D．Hw t get n well with ther parents.年份
卷別
題號(hào)
2024
新高考I卷
28
新高考II卷
32
全國(guó)甲卷
26
2023
新高考I卷
29
新高考II卷
30
全國(guó)甲卷
24
全國(guó)乙卷
34
2022
新高考I卷
30
新高考II卷
24、30
全國(guó)甲卷
28
全國(guó)乙卷
29
題型
真題示例
常見(jiàn)設(shè)問(wèn)/關(guān)鍵詞
模板02
句意猜測(cè)題
【2022年新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ卷】 4. What d the underlined wrds “hit hme fr me” mean in paragraph 2?
設(shè)問(wèn)關(guān)鍵詞：
1.“mean”（意思是），例如 “What des the wrd‘XXX’mean in the passage?”。
2.“refer t”（指代），常見(jiàn)問(wèn)句如 “Which f the fllwing des the underlined phrase‘XXX’refer t?”。
3.“be clsest in meaning t”（與…… 意思最接近），像 “Which wrd is clsest in meaning t‘XXX’?” 這樣的表述。
4.“can be replaced by”（可以被…… 替代），比如 “The wrd‘XXX’can be replaced by which f the fllwing?” 等。
模板03 代詞指代題。
【2024年浙江卷1月B篇】What des the underlined wrd “it” in the first paragraph refer t?
考點(diǎn)關(guān)鍵詞：
1.熟詞生義：一些常見(jiàn)單詞在特定語(yǔ)境中出現(xiàn)了不同于其常規(guī)釋義的新意思。
2.生詞釋義：文中出現(xiàn)的陌生詞匯，需要通過(guò)上下文的線索，比如解釋說(shuō)明、舉例、對(duì)比、因果等關(guān)系來(lái)推斷其含義。
3.代詞指代內(nèi)容：考查像 “it”“they”“this”“that” 等代詞具體指代的前文所提到的名詞、短語(yǔ)或內(nèi)容等，往往要從前文中去找與之相關(guān)的具體所指對(duì)象。
4.短語(yǔ)、俗語(yǔ)理解：對(duì)于一些固定短語(yǔ)、俗語(yǔ)等，要依據(jù)文章語(yǔ)境判斷其確切內(nèi)涵。
命題預(yù)測(cè)/考情揭秘
一、命題預(yù)測(cè)
1)融合情境與實(shí)際應(yīng)用：
1.高考英語(yǔ)詞義猜測(cè)題將更加注重考查學(xué)生在聯(lián)系實(shí)際中對(duì)所學(xué)知識(shí)的融會(huì)貫通和靈活運(yùn)用。
2.題目可能會(huì)設(shè)置具體的情境，讓學(xué)生在模擬真實(shí)語(yǔ)境中猜測(cè)詞義，以檢驗(yàn)其語(yǔ)言應(yīng)用能力。
2)注重邏輯與推理：
1.命題者可能會(huì)通過(guò)增加干擾項(xiàng)或設(shè)置復(fù)雜的語(yǔ)境來(lái)考查學(xué)生的邏輯推理能力。
2.學(xué)生需要仔細(xì)閱讀上下文，通過(guò)對(duì)比、分析、推理等方法來(lái)準(zhǔn)確猜測(cè)詞義。
3)涵蓋廣泛詞匯：
1.高考英語(yǔ)詞義猜測(cè)題將涵蓋廣泛的詞匯，包括常見(jiàn)詞、生僻詞、短語(yǔ)、習(xí)語(yǔ)等。
2.題目可能會(huì)涉及不同領(lǐng)域的詞匯，如科技、文化、歷史等，以全面考查學(xué)生的詞匯量。
考情揭秘
1)考查重點(diǎn)：
1.生詞詞義猜測(cè)：學(xué)生需要運(yùn)用構(gòu)詞法、上下文語(yǔ)境等方法來(lái)猜測(cè)生詞的含義。
2.熟詞生義理解：對(duì)于常見(jiàn)詞匯在特定語(yǔ)境下的新含義或引申義，學(xué)生需要準(zhǔn)確理解并應(yīng)用。
3.代詞指代判斷：學(xué)生需要根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境，準(zhǔn)確判斷代詞的具體指代對(duì)象。
4.短語(yǔ)或句子含義理解：對(duì)于由多個(gè)單詞組成的短語(yǔ)或句子，學(xué)生需要理解其整體含義，而非簡(jiǎn)單地將各單詞含義相加。
2)解題技巧：
1.利用上下文語(yǔ)境：上下文是猜測(cè)詞義的重要依據(jù)。學(xué)生需要仔細(xì)閱讀題目所給的語(yǔ)境，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境中的信息來(lái)猜測(cè)詞義。
2.注意詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)：有時(shí)，文章中會(huì)多次出現(xiàn)與猜測(cè)詞匯相關(guān)的詞匯或短語(yǔ)，這些復(fù)現(xiàn)的詞匯或短語(yǔ)可以為猜測(cè)詞義提供線索。
3.運(yùn)用邏輯推理：學(xué)生需要根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境，運(yùn)用邏輯推理能力來(lái)排除干擾項(xiàng)，選出最符合語(yǔ)境的詞義。
4.積累詞匯與短語(yǔ)：廣泛的詞匯量是解答詞義猜測(cè)題的基礎(chǔ)。學(xué)生需要平時(shí)注重詞匯積累，掌握常見(jiàn)詞匯的不同含義和用法。
3)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)分析：
1.脫離語(yǔ)境：學(xué)生可能會(huì)因?yàn)閷?duì)某個(gè)詞匯的熟悉程度而脫離語(yǔ)境進(jìn)行猜測(cè)，導(dǎo)致誤解詞義。
2.望文生義：對(duì)于熟詞生義或短語(yǔ)的整體含義，學(xué)生可能會(huì)因?yàn)樽置嬉馑级`解其真正含義。
3.忽視邏輯關(guān)系：學(xué)生可能會(huì)因?yàn)楹鲆暽舷挛闹械倪壿嬯P(guān)系而猜測(cè)錯(cuò)誤。
技巧解讀
方法1：關(guān)注詞的功能。授課過(guò)程中引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)注構(gòu)詞法、詞的情感色彩、同義詞、反義詞、上下義詞。
方法2：關(guān)注語(yǔ)篇中的解釋功能。引導(dǎo)學(xué)生總結(jié)解釋的幾種方式：下定義、定語(yǔ)（從句）、同位語(yǔ)（從句）、舉例子、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)等。
方法3：關(guān)注邏輯關(guān)系。引導(dǎo)學(xué)生總結(jié)幾種常見(jiàn)的邏輯關(guān)系：因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、并列、遞進(jìn)等。
結(jié)合生活常識(shí)和文化背景
方法4：結(jié)合生活常識(shí)和文化背景。
生活常識(shí)：在猜測(cè)詞義時(shí)，利用自己已有的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)和常識(shí)。
文化背景：對(duì)于一些具有文化特色的詞匯，要考慮相關(guān)的文化背景知識(shí)。
步驟+解題思路
第一步：定位原文
1.仔細(xì)閱讀題目，確定需要猜測(cè)詞義的單詞、短語(yǔ)或句子在文章中的位置。一般題目會(huì)明確指出該詞在第幾段第幾行，或者通過(guò)引用原文中的句子來(lái)提示位置。
2.標(biāo)記出這個(gè)詞及其所在的句子，同時(shí)關(guān)注該句子前后的幾句話，因?yàn)檫@些內(nèi)容往往包含著重要的線索。
分析線索
第二步：分析線索
1）上下文語(yǔ)境線索
1.觀察該詞所在句子的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷它在句子中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑ㄈ缰髡Z(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等），這有助于理解其大致的語(yǔ)義范圍。
2.查看前后句是否有對(duì)這個(gè)詞的解釋、說(shuō)明、舉例、對(duì)比、因果等關(guān)系。例如，如果有 “that is”“in ther wrds” 這樣的短語(yǔ)，后面的內(nèi)容很可能就是對(duì)該詞的解釋?zhuān)蝗绻?“but”“hwever” 等詞，就需要注意前后的對(duì)比關(guān)系。
2）利用構(gòu)詞法線索（如果適用）
分析單詞的詞根、前綴和后綴。比如，如果知道 “tele -” 這個(gè)前綴有 “遠(yuǎn)程” 的意思，“scpe” 這個(gè)詞根和 “看” 有關(guān)，那么 “telescpe”（望遠(yuǎn)鏡）的意思就可以大致推測(cè)出來(lái)。
第三步：推測(cè)詞義
根據(jù)分析出的線索，初步推測(cè)出單詞或短語(yǔ)的意思。如果是通過(guò)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系推測(cè)，要確保推測(cè)出的意思在邏輯上是通順的；如果是利用構(gòu)詞法，要結(jié)合整個(gè)單詞在句子中的語(yǔ)境來(lái)確定具體含義。
可以同時(shí)推測(cè)出幾個(gè)可能的意思，尤其是對(duì)于一些多義詞，要結(jié)合上下文確定最符合語(yǔ)境的那一個(gè)意思。
第四步：代入驗(yàn)證
將推測(cè)出的詞義代入原文中，看句子是否通順，是否符合文章的主題、風(fēng)格和邏輯。
同時(shí)，還要注意代入后的意思是否能使前后句子之間的銜接自然合理。如果代入后發(fā)現(xiàn)句子意思不通或者與上下文矛盾，那么這個(gè)推測(cè)可能是錯(cuò)誤的，需要重新分析線索并推測(cè)。
第五步：檢查答案
將選擇的答案或推斷的詞義放回原文中，檢查是否合乎邏輯和語(yǔ)境。
確保答案能夠使句子或段落在意義上連貫。

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