2024年12月
(考試時間60分鐘 滿分100分)
提示：試卷答案請一律填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。
在答題卡上，選擇題用2B鉛筆作答，其他試題用黑色簽字筆作答。
第一部分：知識運用(共三節(jié)，60分)
第一節(jié) 完型填空(共10小題，每小題2分;共20分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
Sme dreams take lnger t cme true than thers, but with the help f 21st-century scial media and her great-grandsn, at the age f 110, ne British wman is ____1____ hers at lng last.
At the end f Wrld War I, Amy Hawkins was a 7-year-ld child wh lved nthing mre than t ____2____. As a teen, Hawkins set her ____3____ n becming an entertainer. Hawkins was n her way, turing the cuntry with a dance trupe (歌舞團) — until her ambitin was ____4____ by her mm, wh didn’t see it as a respectable ____5____ fr a yung lady.
All these years later, the 110-year-ld lady lives at hme in Mnmuth, Suth Wales, surrunded by her lved nes. The fur-generatin family unit includes her granddaughter, Hannah Freeman, and Freeman’s 14-year-ld sn, Sacha. Even thugh she’s n lnger ding it ____6____, Hawkins has never stpped singing.
“She’s like a clck, nce yu wind her up she wn’t stp,” Freeman said in an interview. “She just keeps asking, ‘Wuld yu ____7____ anther ne?’.”
On Hawkins’ 110th birthday, Sacha ____8____ his great-gran singing ne f her favrite WWI tunes. When Freeman jkingly suggested Sacha pst it t TikTk, neither f them culd have ____9____ the verwhelmingly psitive respnse it wuld receive, reaching 100,000 views and a large number f emtinal praises in just days.
Sme jurneys take lnger than thers. Smetimes, we’re detured (繞路) alng the way. Dreams can and d cme true every day. While it’s been a lng time cming, Amy Hawkins is ______10______ a whle new generatin f fans.
1. A. reflectingB. realizingC. recallingD. researching
2. A. singB. studyC. paintD. film
3. A. valuesB. limitsC. sightsD. hands
4. A. cut backB. cut inC. cut thrughD. cut shrt
5. A. methdB. gradeC. levelD. ccupatin
6. A. nervuslyB. prfessinallyC. reasnablyD. secretly
7. A. bringB. haveC. likeD. read
8. A. caughtB. videedC. reprtedD. remembered
9. A. imaginedB. nticedC. missedD. suspected
10. A. entertainingB. becmingC. representingD. inviting
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. A
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述了Amy Hawkins從小喜歡唱歌并立志當一名藝人，卻不被媽媽看好，直到她110歲時還在堅持歌唱夢想的故事。
【1題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有些夢想要比其他的更久才能實現(xiàn)，但在21世紀的社交媒體和她曾孫的幫助下，一位110歲的英國女性終于實現(xiàn)了自己的夢想。A. reflecting反思，反射；B. realizing實現(xiàn)，意識到；C. recalling回憶；D. researching研究。根據(jù)上文“Sme dreams take lnger t cme true than thers”可知，空后的“hers”指代的就是dream“夢想”。因此這里要用realizing。故選B項。
【2題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：第一次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束時，艾米·霍金斯還是個7歲的孩子，她最喜歡的就是唱歌。A. sing唱歌；B. study學習；C. paint畫畫；D. film電影，攝制電影。根據(jù)下文“Hawkins was n her way, turing the cuntry with a dance trupe (歌舞團)”和“Hawkins has never stpped singing.”可知，霍金斯最喜歡唱歌。故選A項。
【3題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：霍金斯十幾歲時就立志要成為一名藝人。A. values價值；B. limits限制；C. sights視力，景象，眼界；D. hands手。根據(jù)本句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里是短語set ne’s sight n“力求，立志于”。由此可見，十幾歲時的霍金斯立志要當一個藝人。故選C項。
【4題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：霍金斯當時正在路上，她和一個舞蹈團在全國巡回演出，直到她的夢想被她的母親終止了，她的母親認為這不是一個年輕女士應該做的體面職業(yè)。A. cut back削減，修剪；B. cut in插嘴，超車；C. cut thrugh刺穿，抄近路走過；D. cut shrt縮短，打斷。根據(jù)下句“wh didn’t see it as a
respectable 5 fr a yung lady”可知，霍金斯的媽媽認為當藝人不體面，由此可判斷出是不贊同她去走這條路的，因此霍金斯的雄心被中斷了。故選D項。
【5題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：霍金斯當時正在路上，她和一個舞蹈團在全國巡回演出，直到她的夢想被她的母親終止了，她的母親認為這不是一個年輕女士應該做的體面職業(yè)。A. methd方法；B. grade年級，分數(shù)；C. level水平；D. ccupatin職業(yè)。根據(jù)上文中的“Hawkins set her 3 n becming an entertainer.”以及“until her ambitin was 4 by her mm”可判斷出，霍金斯長大了想把當藝人當成一份工作，但是被媽媽不認同，因為她媽媽認為藝人是一個不受尊重的職業(yè)。故選D項。
【6題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管霍金斯已經(jīng)不再是職業(yè)歌手，但她從未停止過唱歌。A.nervusly焦慮地；B. prfessinally專業(yè)地；C. reasnably合理地；D. secretly秘密地。根據(jù)第二段第三句“until her ambitin was 4 by her mm, wh didn’t see it as a respectable 5 fr a yung lady.”可知，霍金斯由于媽媽的阻撓，沒有從事唱歌這個職業(yè)，因此就有了，她不是職業(yè)歌手，但是從未停止唱歌。故選B項。
【7題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她一直在問，你想再聽一首歌嗎？ A. bring帶來；B. have有；C. like喜歡；D. read讀。根據(jù)上文中的“She’s like a clck, nce yu wind her up she wn’t stp,” Freeman said in an interview.”可知，老婦人唱起歌來就停不下來，總是會問要不要再聽一首歌曲，wuld like想要，故選C項。
【8題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在霍金斯110歲生日那天，薩夏拍下了他曾祖母唱她最喜歡的WWI歌曲之一的視頻。A. caught抓??；B. videed錄制；C. reprted報告；D. remembered記得。根據(jù)第五段第二句“When Freeman jkingly suggested Sacha pst it t TikTk”可知，此處是把錄制的視頻發(fā)布到抖音上去。故選B項。
【9題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們倆誰也沒有想到它會在短短幾天內(nèi)得到如此壓倒性的積極回應，點擊量達到了10萬次，還有大量的情感贊揚。A. imagined想象；B. nticed注意到；C. missed想念；D. suspected懷疑。根據(jù)空后“neither f them culd have 9 the verwhelmingly psitive respnse it wuld receive, reaching 100,000 views and a large number f emtinal praises in just days.”可知，錄制的視頻發(fā)布到網(wǎng)上以后有很大的相應，這很難想象的到。故選A項。
【10題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在漫長的等待之后，艾米·霍金斯迎來了新一代的粉絲A. entertaining娛樂，招待；B. becming成為；C. representing代表；D. inviting邀請。根據(jù)空前一句“While it’s been a lng time cming”可知，由于母親的原因霍金斯沒有從事歌唱事業(yè)，但是在110歲的時候一舉成名迎來了自己的第一批粉絲。故選A項。
第二節(jié) 語法填空(共10小題，每小題2分;共20分)
A
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
When yu take a walk in any f the cities in the West, yu ften see a lt f peple ____11____ (walk) with dgs. It is still true that the dg is the mst faithful animals in the wrld. But the reasns ____12____ peple keep a dg have changed a lt. In the ld days, peple used t train dgs t prtect themselves against the attacks ____13____ ther beasts. Nw peple in the city keep dgs t prtect themselves, but the mst imprtant reasn is cmpaninship.
【答案】11. walking
12. why 13. frm##f##by
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如今人們養(yǎng)狗的原因發(fā)生了變化，從過去用狗來保護自己免受其他野獸的攻擊到如今用狗來保護自己和陪伴自己。
【11題詳解】
考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：當你在西方任何一個城市散步時，你經(jīng)常會看到很多人帶著狗散步。see sb. ding sth.固定搭配，意為“看見某人正在做某事”，故填walking。
【12題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：但人們養(yǎng)狗的原因已經(jīng)發(fā)生了很大變化。_______peple keep a dg是非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞reasns，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作原因狀語，應用關(guān)系副詞why引導，故填why。
【13題詳解】
考查固定搭配。句意：在過去，人們常常訓練狗來保護自己免受其他野獸的攻擊。此處既可以表示“來自其他野獸的攻擊”，應用介詞frm，也可用表示“野獸的攻擊”，應用介詞f，同時也可用by表示“被野獸攻擊”，故填frm/f/by。
B
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白
處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
A hutng is a typical ancient city street in Beijing. ____14____ (surrund) the Frbidden City, many hutngs were built during the Yuan, Ming and Qing ____15____ (dynasty). At the end f the Qing dynasty, many ld hutngs lst their frmer neat arrangement. Since the funding f the new China in 1949, hutng cnditins ____16____ (imprve). But in recent years, mdern buildings have replaced the huses in many hutngs.
【答案】14. Surrunding
15. dynasties
16. have been imprved
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。胡同是北京一條典型的古城街道。本文主要介紹了胡同的歷史。
【14題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：故宮周圍有許多元、明、清時期修建的胡同。句子中有謂語were built，前后無連詞，此處應用非謂語動詞作狀語，動詞surrund和主語hutngs是主動關(guān)系，應用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，句首單詞首字母大寫。故填Surrunding。
【15題詳解】
考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：故宮周圍有許多元、明、清時期修建的胡同。此處應用名詞dynasty作賓語，此處指的是元、明、清這幾個朝代，應用復數(shù)，故填dynasties。
【16題詳解】
考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：1949年新中國成立以來，胡同條件得到改善。由Since the funding f the new China in 1949可知，句子應用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語和動詞imprve是被動關(guān)系，應用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)，主語是復數(shù)，助動詞應用have，故填have been imprved。
C
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Of all the wrks f William Shakespeare that have graced the theaters in China, Hamlet is ____17____ (arguable) the mst famus amng Chinese audiences. It has als been adapted many times in the cuntry. Veteran Chinese actrs Hu Jun, Pu Cunxi and Lu Fang will play the leading rles, alng ____18____ a grup f yunger actrs including Mia Chi, Li Shilng and Jing Xi. “When we started wrking n adapting Shakespeare’s plays, we kept asking questins — varius questins that culd help us t understand the playwright’s ____19____ (intent),” says Li Liuyi, wh als wrks with the Beijing Peple’s Art Theater and ____20____ wrks cver traditinal
Chinese peras, avant-garde plays, Western peras and ballet.
【答案】17. arguably
18. with 19. intentin
20. whse
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了中國一些演員參演了莎士比亞的戲劇《哈姆雷特》。
【17題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：在為中國劇院增光添彩的莎士比亞所有作品中，《哈姆雷特》無疑是中國觀眾中最著名的。此處應用副詞arguably作狀語，修飾形容詞famus，故填arguably。
【18題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：中國資深演員胡軍、濮存希和呂方將擔任主演，還有苗馳、李世龍和井溪等年輕演員。alng with固定搭配，意為“和，一起”，故填with。
【19題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：“當我們開始改編莎士比亞的戲劇時，我們不斷地提出問題——各種各樣的問題可以幫助我們理解劇這一作家的意圖，”同樣在北京人民藝術(shù)劇院工作的李六乙說，他的作品涵蓋了中國傳統(tǒng)戲曲、前衛(wèi)戲劇、西方歌劇和芭蕾舞。此處應用名詞intentin作賓語，表示這個劇作家的意圖，為單數(shù)意義，故填intentin。
【20題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：“當我們開始改編莎士比亞的戲劇時，我們不斷地提出問題——各種各樣的問題可以幫助我們理解劇這一作家的意圖，”同樣在北京人民藝術(shù)劇院工作的李六乙說，他的作品涵蓋了中國傳統(tǒng)戲曲、前衛(wèi)戲劇、西方歌劇和芭蕾舞?？仗幰龑Х窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句，修飾先行詞Li Liuyi，指人，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語，應用whse引導，故填whse。
第三節(jié) 選詞填空(共10小題;每小題2分，共20分)
閱讀下面句子，根據(jù)句意，從方框中選擇恰當?shù)脑~或詞組并用其正確形式填空。
21. I dn’t feel I’m achieving my full ________ in my present jb.
22. Despite ________ the game, United culdn’t scre and lst 2-0.
cnvince dminate cmmit apply neself t get n
be t blame pur ptential wipe ut invlve
23. Yu’ll have t wrk hard if yu want t ________ in life.
24. Whle villages ________ by the flds, which astnished everyne present.
25. A recent pinin piece suggests children are ut f cntrl, and it’s parents wh ________.
26. A study ________ lng-distance runners is being dne at the Medical Center.
27. It’s useless trying t ________ her (that) she desn’t need t lse any weight.
28. Yung peple must ________ the present and keep their eyes firmly fixed n their futures.
29. He ________ himself t prducing a new album as a gift t his father.
30. Since the earthquake struck, ffers f help ________ in frm all ver the cuntry.
【答案】21. ptential
22. dminating
23. get n 24. were wiped ut
25. are t blame
26. invlving
27. cnvince
28. apply themselves t
29. cmmitted
30. have pured
【解析】
【21題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：我覺得我在目前的工作中沒有充分發(fā)揮潛力。此處應用名詞作賓語，表示“潛能”為名詞ptential，不可數(shù)，故填ptential。
【22題詳解】
考查動詞。句意：盡管占據(jù)了比賽的主導地位，但曼聯(lián)未能進球，最終以 2-0 落敗。此處表示“在……中占首要地位”為動詞dminate，作介詞despite的賓語，應用動名詞形式，故填dminating。
【23題詳解】
考查動詞短語。句意：如果你想成功，你就必須努力工作。此處表示“成功，過上好日子”應用固定搭配get n in life，由不定式t可知，動詞get應用原形，故填get n。
【24題詳解】
考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：整個村莊都被洪水沖毀了，這讓在場的所有人都感到震驚。此處表示“徹底摧毀”，為動詞短語wipe ut，和主語villages是被動關(guān)系，且表示過去發(fā)生的事，應用一般過去時的被動語
態(tài)，主語是復數(shù)，be動詞應用were，故填were wiped ut。
【25題詳解】
考查固定搭配和時態(tài)。句意：最近一篇評論文章表明，孩子失控，責任在父母。此處表示“某人應該受到責備”為固定搭配sb. be t blame，句子描述一般性事實，應用一般現(xiàn)在時，此處是強調(diào)句，即it be+強調(diào)內(nèi)容+wh/that+其他，此處強調(diào)主語parents，be動詞應用are，故填are t blame。
【26題詳解】
考查動詞。句意：醫(yī)療中心正在進行一項針對長跑運動員的研究。此處表示“包含，涉及”應用動詞invlve，句中有謂語，前后無連詞，此處應用非謂語動詞作后置定語，study和動詞invlve是主動關(guān)系，應用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，故填invlving。
【27題詳解】
考查動詞。句意：試圖說服她不需要減肥是沒有用的。此處表示“說服”為動詞cnvince，由不定式t可知，用動詞原形，故填cnvince。
【28題詳解】
考查動詞短語。句意：青年人要立足當前，著眼未來。此處表示“專心于；致力于”應用動詞短語apply neself t，由情態(tài)動詞must可知，動詞apply應用原形，主語是peple，反身代詞應用themselve。故填apply themselve t。
【29題詳解】
考查動詞。句意：他致力于制作一張新專輯作為送給父親的禮物。此處表示“致力于做某事”為動詞短語cmmit neself t ding sth.，句子描述過去發(fā)生的事，應用一般過去時，故填cmmitted。
【30題詳解】
考查動詞。句意：地震發(fā)生以來，全國各地紛紛伸出援助之手。此處表示“涌入”為短語pur in，由since the earthquake struck可知，句子應用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語是復數(shù)，助動詞應用have。故填have pured。
第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，40分)
第一節(jié) (共15小題;每小題2分，共30分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
Dear Teresa Silva,
The fficial f the university has reprted t us that yu are an English majr wh meets the high standards fr membership in Sigma Tau Delta. As is knwn, Sigma Tau Delta was funded in 1924 at Dakta Wesleyan
University. It is an internatinal cllegiate hnr sciety fr students f English. It presently has ver 850 chapters in the United States, Eurpe, the Middle East, and the Caribbean. Over 9,000 new members are admitted int the rganizatin annually.
Sigma Tau Delta’s purpse is t prmte literature and writing and t advance the study f the written wrd. Members gather annually in the spring at the internatinal meeting t present papers and share experiences and ideas within the English subject. The Sciety ffers tens f thusands f dllars in schlarships, awards, as well as publicatin chances in its jurnals The Rectangle and The Sigma Tau Delta Review.
It is ur pleasure if yu can cmplete the applicatin fr Sigma Tau Delta membership. If yu wuld like t be included in this spring’s inductin (入會) ceremny, please cmplete the applicatin frm, and include amunt t cver bth lcal and internatinal fees. Yur cmpleted frm must be received by date t be cnsidered fr the upcming inductin ceremny.
We cngratulate yu n yur utstanding academic recrd and hpe yu will jin us as a Sigma Tau Delta member. If yu want t get mre infrmatin, please visit ur website , r give us a call. The phne number is 583-2864.
Sincerely,
Emily Lister
31. Accrding t the passage, Sigma Tau Delta ______.
A. deals with language learning
B. pens its dr t all the students f English
C. changes its members every year
D. mainly takes charge f scientific publicatins
32. At the annual meeting, members f Sigma Tau Delta have the chance t ______.
A. meet all the chapter leaders
B. receive tens f thusands f dllars
C. share experiences and views
D. chse a particular subject as a majr
33. This passage is basically a letter f _____.
A. intrductinB. cngratulatinC. thanksD. invitatin
【答案】31. A 32. C 33. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一封邀請信，從介紹Sima的性質(zhì)、目的、入會的一些活動，到最后發(fā)出邀請函。
31題詳解】
推理理解題。從第二段Sigma’s purpse 可知答案為A.
【32題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。由第二段第二句話可知答案為C.
【33題詳解】
體裁判斷題。從文章的最后兩段可知，本文是一封邀請函。
B
Frm musician and philanthrpist (慈善家) Peter Buffett cmes a warm, wise, and inspiratinal bk that asks, Which will yu chse: the path with least difficulty r the path f ptentially greatest satisfactin?
Yu may think that with a last name like his, Buffett has enjyed a life f endless advantage. But the sn f billinaire Warren Buffett says that the nly real thing handed dwn frm his father was: Build yur wn path in life. It is a principle that has allwed him t fllw his wn interests, establish his wn identity, and gain his wn successes.
In Life Is What Yu Make It, Buffett describes the strng set f values given t him by his trusting and bradminded mther, his hardwrking and talented father, and the many life teachers he has met alng the way.
Tday’s sciety, Buffett believes, has changed a lt. Peple begin t enjy what they d, with a wealth ethic (財富倫理), hnr the payff instead f the prcess. Yet, by fcusing less n reward, we can pen drs f pprtunity and wrk hard tward a greater sense f satisfactin.
In clear and brief terms, Buffett explains a great truth: Life cannt be predicted and desn’t have a secnd chance, neither fair nr unfair. We see that ur jurney in life seldm fllws a straight line but is ften met with false starts, difficulties, and mistakes. Hw we push thrugh and dn’t give up at these challenging mments is where we begin t create the life f ur dreams — frm discvering ur careers t giving back t thers.
Persnal and instructive, Life Is What Yu Make It is abut challenging yur cnditin, taking cntrl f yur wn life and living it t the fullest.
34. What des Peter Buffett value mst abut his mther?
A. Intelligence.B. Independence.C. Bradmindedness.D. Hard wrk.
35. Which prverb can best express the main idea f the fifth paragraph?
A. Nbdy is perfect.B. Life is full f ups and dwns.
C. Where there is a will, there is a way.D. Failure is the mther f success.
36. Which f the fllwing is NOT true abut Peter Buffett?
A He wrks n music.B. His father is very rich.
C. He wrte Life Is What Yu Make It.D. He thinks sciety has changed fr the better.
37. What is the main purpse f the text?
A. T intrduce a bk.B. T describe a writer.
C. T talk abut what life is abut.D. T discuss hw t live a meaningful life.
【答案】34. C 35. B 36. D 37. A
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了巴菲特的書Life Is What Yu Make It里所蘊含的價值觀。
【34題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“In Life Is What Yu Make It, Buffett describes the strng set f values given t him by his trusting and bradminded mther(在《人生由你創(chuàng)造》一書中，巴菲特描述了他信任且心胸寬廣的母親賦予他的一套強有力的價值觀)”可知，彼得·巴菲特最看重他母親心胸寬廣這一品質(zhì)，故選C。
【35題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“In clear and brief terms, Buffett explains a great truth: Life cannt be predicted and desn’t have a secnd chance, neither fair nr unfair. We see that ur jurney in life seldm fllws a straight line but is ften met with false starts, difficulties, and mistakes. Hw we push thrugh and dn’t give up at these challenging mments is where we begin t create the life f ur dreams — frm discvering ur careers t giving back t thers.(巴菲特用簡潔明了的語言闡述了一個偉大的真理：人生無法預測，也沒有第二次機會，既不公平也不。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們的人生旅程很少是一帆風順的，而是常常會遇到錯誤的開始、困難和錯誤。我們?nèi)绾卧谶@些充滿挑戰(zhàn)的時刻堅持下去并且不放棄，是我們開始創(chuàng)造夢想生活的地方——從發(fā)現(xiàn)我們的職業(yè)到回饋他人)”可知，第五段的主要介紹了生活是起起伏伏的，故選B。
【36題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Tday’s sciety, Buffett believes, has changed a lt. Peple begin t enjy what they d, with a wealth ethic (財富倫理), hnr the payff instead f the prcess. Yet, by fcusing less n reward, we can pen drs f pprtunity and wrk hard tward a greater sense f satisfactin.(巴菲特認為，當今社會已經(jīng)發(fā)生了很大變化。人們開始享受他們所做的事情，帶著財富倫理，尊重回報而不是過程。然而，通過減少對獎勵的關(guān)注，我們可以打開機會之門，并努力獲得更大的滿足感。)”可知，巴菲特認為當今社會人們更加關(guān)注結(jié)果而非過程，他建議減少對獎勵的關(guān)注，即減少對結(jié)果的關(guān)注轉(zhuǎn)而更加注重過程，這樣才會打開
機會之門，由此可知，巴菲特并沒有認為社會在變得更好，相反他認為社會變得更壞，故選D。
【37題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“In Life Is What Yu Make It, Buffett describes the strng set f values given t him by his trusting and bradminded mther, his hardwrking and talented father, and the many life teachers he has met alng the way.(在《人生由你創(chuàng)造》一書中，巴菲特描述了他信任且心胸寬廣的母親、勤奮而才華橫溢的父親以及他一路走來遇到的許多人生導師賦予他的強大價值觀)”和最后一段“Persnal and instructive, Life Is What Yu Make It is abut challenging yur cnditin, taking cntrl f yur wn life and living it t the fullest.(個性化且具有啟發(fā)性的《生活由你創(chuàng)造》講述的是挑戰(zhàn)自己的狀況、掌控自己的生活并充分享受生活)”可知，文章主要介紹了巴菲特的書Life Is What Yu Make It里所蘊含的價值觀，由此可推知，文章的目的是介紹一本書，故選A。
C
Life in the Clear
Transparent animals let light pass thrugh their bdies the same way light passes thrugh a windw. These animals typically live between the surface f the cean and a depth f abut 3,300 feet---as far as mst light can reach. Mst f them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple tuch. Snke Jhnsen, a scientist in bilgy, says, “These animals live thrugh their life alne. They never tuch anything unless they’re eating it, r unless smething is eating them.”
And they are as clear as glass. Hw des an animal becme see-thrugh? It s trickier than yu might think.
The bjects arund yu are visible because they interact with light. Light typically travels in a straight line. But sme materials slw and scatter (散射) light, buncing it away frm its riginal path. Others absrb light, stpping it dead in its tracks. Bth scattering and absrptin make an bject lk different frm ther bjects arund it, s yu can see it easily.
But a transparent bject desn’t absrb r scatter light, at least nt very much. Light can pass thrugh it withut bending r stpping. That means a transparent bject desn’t lk very different frm the surrunding air r water. Yu dn’t see it yu see the things behind it.
T becme transparent, an animal needs t keep its bdy frm absrbing r scattering light. Living materials can stp light because they cntain pigments (色素) that absrb specific clrs f light. But a transparent animal desn’t have pigments, s its tissues wn’t absrb light. Accrding t Jhnsen, aviding absrptin is actually easy. The real challenge is preventing light frm scattering.
Animals are built f many different materials---skin, fat, and mre---and light mves thrugh each at a
different speed. Every time light mves int a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters. Transparent animals use different tricks t fight scattering. Sme animals are simply very small r extremely flat. Withut much tissue t scatter light, it is easier t be see-thrugh. Others build a large, clear mass f nn-living jelly-like (果凍狀的) material and spread themselves ver it.
Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge, because they have t make all the different tissues in their bdies slw dwn light exactly as much as water des. They need t lk unifrm. But hw they’re ding it is still unknwn. One thing is clear: fr these larger animals, staying transparent is an active prcess. When they die, they turn a nn-transparent milky white.
38. Accrding t Paragraph 1,transparent animals .
A. stay in grupsB. can be easily damaged
C. appear nly in deep ceanD. are beautiful creatures
39. The underlined wrd “dead” in Paragraph 3 means .
A. silentlyB. gradually
C. regularlyD. cmpletely
40. One way fr an animal t becme transparent is t .
A. change the directin f light travelB. gather materials t scatter light
C. avid the absrptin f lightD. grw bigger t stp light
41. The last paragraph tells us that larger transparent animals .
A. mve mre slwly in deep water
B stay see-thrugh even after death
C. prduce mre tissues fr their survival
D. take effective actin t reduce light spreading
【答案】38. B 39. D 40. C 41. D
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章解釋了生活在海洋的透明生物的特點，透明原理，以及形成機制。
【38題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第三行“Mstf them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple tuch”可知，透明動物是很容易受傷的。故選B。
【39題詳解】
詞義猜測題。該詞出現(xiàn)在文章第三段第三行。前文提到了：你能看到的物體一種是對光線進行了散射；而另外一種是對光線的吸收。既然吸收了，那在光的傳播過程中就完全阻止了，因此這里dead是完全的意思。故選D。
【40題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“T becme transparent, an animal needs t keep its bdy frm absrbing r scattering light.”可知，想變透明就要避免散射或吸收光線，因此其中的一個方法是C選項，避免光線的吸收。故選C。
【41題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句中的“Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge, because they have t make all the different tissues in their bdies slw dwn light exactly as much as water des. ”可知，體型較大的透明動物面臨的挑戰(zhàn)最大，因為它們必須讓體內(nèi)所有不同的組織減緩光線的速度，就像減緩水的速度一樣。由此判斷出，他在最后一段告訴我們，更大的透明動物會采取有效的行動來減少光的擴散。故選D。
D
It tk me mre than 10 years t realize that the wrld has n shrtage f fashin (時尚) designers wh have the ability t make trendy and elegant garments, but that it is badly in need f, simply, clthes designers. My wn definitins wuld set fashin and clthing greatly apart. It is a fact that, in the shpping malls, there are plenty f beautiful garments whse unpredictability makes ur life clrful and interesting. Yu are almst cnvinced: Yu can buy whatever yu dare t think.
There is n dubt that fashin designers are usually with high qualificatins. They study fashin trends, select clrs, and make sure the final prductin f their designs is dne prperly. Hwever, as experience grew with age, my attractin t arts became ever strnger. I have a strng desire fr clthing t stand as des paint t the painter, as des stne t the sculptr, as a simple and particular language f an individual creatin, which draws the audience frm an appreciatin f the surface t deeper thughts with the wrld f the sul. I believe that the mst meaningful creative mtives shuld arise thrugh caring fr ther peple, the great care f humanity — a cncern fr human feeling and spirituality. This includes lve, but it is bigger than lve, and it is uncnditinal. I believe the greatest wrks f art can tuch the deepest and strngest parts f human feelings and the wrld f the spirit, and nly these wrks can be the memries f histry, preserving the mst valuable feelings that have ever existed, and inspiring a greater awareness f urselves.
I am nt satisfied if peple nly appreciate clthing if it merely satisfies their desire. I believe clthing culd be a specific creative language fr cmmunicating ideas and thughts, fr inspiring yu and shaping yur behavir. Thse clthes fashined ut f necessity pssess a pwer that can cntinue t exist acrss the ages. This is what I have tried t achieve, the clthing t return t its riginal simplicity, the clthing t help peple regain the natural sense. The true fashin tday shuld nt fllw the trends. It shuld instead uncver the extrardinary in the rdinary, fr. I believe the pleasure yu get frm the clthing is nt its price, but its spirit.
42. Accrding t the writer, mst fashin designers are ______.
A. lack f imaginatinB. deep in thughtC. unprductiveD. trendy
43. By saying “This includes lve” in Paragraph 2, the writer regards “l(fā)ve” as ______.
A. a very imprtant part f the spiritual wrld
B. a frm f cncern fr human feeling and spirituality
C. ne f the mst meaningful creative mtivatins
D. what can be achieved thrugh the wrks f hand
44. The writer indicates that the primitive clthes are made as a result f ______.
A. respect fr natureB. spiritual valueC. necessityD. simplicity
45. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. Humanity is fundamental in fashin design.
B. The grwing fashin trends present human interest.
C. Designers must cncern fr the desire f cnsumers.
D. Fashin clthes have clse relatins with earth predictins.
【答案】42. D 43. B 44. C 45. A
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇議論文。作者主要講述了對時尚設計和服裝設計的不同看法，強調(diào)了時尚設計應該關(guān)注人性和精神世界，作者認為關(guān)注人的需求是時裝設計的基礎(chǔ)。
【42題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“It tk me mre than 10 years t realize that the wrld has n shrtage f fashin (時尚) designers wh have the ability t make trendy and elegant garments, but that it is badly in need f, simply, clthes designers. (我用了十多年的時間才意識到，世界上并不缺少有能力制作出新潮、優(yōu)雅服裝的時尚設計師，但最需要的，只是服裝設計師。)”可知，作者認為大部分時裝設計師是時髦的，故選D。
【43題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“I believe the greatest wrks f art can tuch the deepest and strngest parts f human feelings and the wrld f the spirit, and nly these wrks can be the memries f histry, preserving the mst valuable feelings that have ever existed, and inspiring a greater awareness f urselves.(我相信最偉大的藝術(shù)作品能夠觸及人類情感最深、最強烈的部分和精神世界，也只有這些作品才能成為歷史的記憶，保留曾經(jīng)存在過的最有價值的情感，并激發(fā)更多的認識。我們自己。)”可推知，通過在第2段中說“這包括愛”，作者將“愛”視為對人類情感和精神的關(guān)注，故選B。
【44題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thse clthes fashined ut f necessity pssess a pwer that can cntinue t exist acrss the ages.(那些因需要而制作的衣服擁有一種可以歷代持續(xù)存在的力量。)”可知，作者指出，最初衣服是滿足需要而制作的，故選C。
【45題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其第二段中“I believe that the mst meaningful creative mtives shuld arise thrugh caring fr ther peple, the great care f humanity — a cncern fr human feeling and spirituality. (我相信，最有意義的創(chuàng)作動機應該來自于對他人的關(guān)心，對人性的極大關(guān)懷——對人類情感和靈性的關(guān)注。)”和最后一段中“I believe clthing culd be a specific creative language fr cmmunicating ideas and thughts, fr inspiring yu and shaping yur behavir. Thse clthes fashined ut f necessity pssess a pwer that can cntinue t exist acrss the ages. This is what I have tried t achieve, the clthing t return t its riginal simplicity, the clthing t help peple regain the natural sense. The true fashin tday shuld nt fllw the trends. It shuld instead uncver the extrardinary in the rdinary, fr. I believe the pleasure yu get frm the clthing is nt its price, but its spirit.(我相信服裝可以成為一種特定的創(chuàng)意語言，用于交流想法和想法，激勵你并塑造你的行為。那些因需要而制作的衣服擁有一種可以歷代持續(xù)存在的力量。這就是我一直努力要達到的目標，讓服裝返璞歸真，讓服裝幫助人們重拾自然感。當今真正的時尚不應該追隨潮流。相反，它應該揭示平凡中的非凡之處。我相信你從衣服中獲得的樂趣不是它的價格，而是它的精神。)”可知，文章主要論述了作者的觀點，即作者認為關(guān)注人的需求，即人性化，是時裝設計的基礎(chǔ)。故選A。
第二節(jié) (共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余項。
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
What I Think f Bxing as a SprtBxing is a ppular sprt. Newspapers, magazines and sprts prgrammes n TV frequently cver bxing matches. It culd be the tughest f all sprts t survive. It takes bxers hurs in the
gym and years t develp the specific characteristics needed t be a great bxer. ___46___
It seems t me that sme peple, especially men, find it appealing because it is an aggressive sprt. When they watch a bxing match, they can identify with the winning bxer. This gives them the feeling f being a winner themselves. ___47___They d that because the bxer cmes frm their wn cuntry, and if “their” bxer lses, they ften feel as if they have lst a fight themselves. It is a fact that many peple have feelings f aggressin frm time t time, but they cannt shw their aggressin in their everyday lives. Watching a bxing match gives them a way f expressing it．
___48___Althugh bxers wear glves during the fights, and amateur bxers even have t wear helmets, a kind f strng hard hat, there have frequently been accidents in bth prfessinal and amateur bxing, smetimes with dramatic cnsequences. Bxers have suffered frm head injuries, and, ccasinally, fighters have even been killed as a result f being kncked ut in the ring. ___49___They are usually in the frm f serius brain damage, even if a bxer has never been kncked ut.
T cnclude, I am persnally nt at all in favr f aggressive sprts like bxing．___50___We can celebrate mre men and wmen frm nn-aggressive sprts as ur heres in ur sciety. I believe that the wrld is aggressive enugh already! Of curse, peple like cmpetitive sprts, and s d I, but I think that hitting ther peple in an aggressive way is nt smething that shuld be regarded as a sprt．
A. Hwever, bxing can be a very dangerus sprt.
B. Smetimes fans are rting fr a particular bxer.
C. In bxing, fighters are required t hit a mving target.
D. Many fans are drawn t the sprt because they lve the cmpetitin.
E. Perhaps that is the reasn why successful bxers are treated as big heres.
F. I think it wuld be better if less time was given t aggressive sprts n TV.
G. Besides, studies have shwn that there are ften lng-term effects f bxing.
【答案】46. E 47. B 48. A 49. G 50. F
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要向我們描述了關(guān)于拳擊的一些信息，拳擊是一項受歡迎的運動，但也十分危險。
【46題詳解】
上文“It takes bxers hurs in the gym and years t develp the specific characteristics needed t be a great bxer. (拳擊手需要在健身房里鍛煉幾個小時，還要花上幾年的時間才能形成成為一名優(yōu)秀拳擊手所需的特定特
征)”解釋了成功的拳擊手被視為英雄的原因?？崭裉幣c上文是因果關(guān)系，所以E選項“也許這就是為什么成功的拳擊手被視為英雄的原因?！狈险Z境。故選E項。
【47題詳解】
由下文“They d that because the bxer cmes frm their wn cuntry, and if “their” bxer lses, they ften feel as if they have lst a fight themselves. (他們這樣做是因為拳擊手來自他們自己的國家，如果“他們的”拳擊手輸了，他們通常會覺得自己輸?shù)袅艘粓霰荣?”可知，自己的拳擊手輸了會感到難過的人應該是被支持某個拳擊手的粉絲。B選項“有時候粉絲會支持某位拳擊手?！蹦芤鹣挛?，構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系，符合語境，下文中They指代的應該是那些拳擊手的粉絲，故選B項。
【48題詳解】
下文“Althugh bxers wear glves during the fights, and amateur bxers even have t wear helmets, a kind f strng hard hat, there have frequently been accidents in bth prfessinal and amateur bxing, smetimes with dramatic cnsequences. Bxers have suffered frm head injuries, and, ccasinally, fighters have even been killed as a result f being kncked ut in the ring. (雖然拳擊手在比賽中戴手套，業(yè)余拳擊手甚至必須戴頭盔，這是一種結(jié)實的安全帽，但職業(yè)拳擊和業(yè)余拳擊都經(jīng)常發(fā)生事故，有時會造成嚴重后果。拳擊手頭部受傷，有時拳擊手甚至因在拳擊場被擊倒而死亡)”講拳擊運動的危險性。A選項“然而，拳擊可能是一項非常危險的運動?！币鹣挛模险Z境。故選A項。
【49題詳解】
由上文“Bxers have suffered frm head injuries, and, ccasinally, fighters have even been killed as a result f being kncked ut in the ring. (拳擊手頭部受傷，有時拳擊手甚至因在拳擊場被擊倒而死亡)”和下文“They are usually in the frm f serius brain damage, even if a bxer has never been kncked ut. (即使拳擊手從未被擊倒，通常也會造成嚴重的腦損傷)”可知，上下文在講拳擊運動的危險性和不利影響。G選項“此外，研究表明拳擊通常會產(chǎn)生長期影響?！背猩蠁⑾?，符合語境。故選G項。
50題詳解】
上文“T cnclude, I am persnally nt at all in favr f aggressive sprts like bxing.(總而言之，我個人一點也不支持拳擊等攻擊性運動)”表達作者對拳擊運動觀點。F選項“我認為，如果電視上少一些時間播放攻擊性的體育運動會更好?！背薪由衔?，符合語境。故選F項。

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