一、七選五
The Age f Enlightenment was a philsphical mvement f the 18th century. Here area few bks t help yu learn mre abut "The Enlightenment".
Encyclpedia f the Enlightenment
This cmpilatin （匯編） by Alan Charles Krs expands beynd the traditinal centers f the mvement such as Paris, but includes ther, less well knwn centers such as Edinburgh, Geneva, Philadelphia and Milan fr cnsideratin.
The publisher： "Designed and rganized fr ease f use, its special features include mre than 700 signed articles； a synptic utline f cntents； a cmprehensive tpical index （索引） prviding easy access t netwrks f related articles； and high quality illustratins."
Prtable Enlightenment Reader
Issac Kramnick cllects easy-t-read selectins frm the tp writers f the Age f Enlightenment, shwing hw the philsphy infrmed nt just literature and essays, but ther areas f sciety as well.
The publisher： "This vlume brings tgether the era’s classic wrks frm a brad range f surces — including wrks by Kant, Didert, Newtn, Russeau, Franklin, Jeffersn, Madisn, and Paine — that demnstrate the impact f Enlightenment views n philsphy and epistemlgy （認(rèn)識論） as well as n plitical, scial, and ecnmic institutins."
Race and the Enlightenment： A Reader
Emmanuel Eze cllects int ne cnvenient vlume the mst imprtant and influential writings n race that the Eurpean Enlightenment prduced.
The publisher： "This bk is an essential tl fr students and researchers interested in explring the race-inflected nature f eighteenth-century philsphy and science n the ne hand, and the systematics relatins between philsphy and anthrplgy and race, n the ther."
Creatin f the Mdern Wrld
Mst writing abut the Enlightenment fcuses n France, but very little attentin is paid t Britain. Ry Prter definitively shws that underestimating Britain’s rle in this mvement is misguided. He gives us the wrks f Ppe, Mary and William Gdwin, and Defe as evidence.
The publisher： "This new wrk highlights Britain’s key rle in spreading the ideas and culture f the Enlightenment. Mving beynd the numerus histries centered n France and Germany, Ry Prter explains hw mnumental changes in thinking in Britain influenced wrldwide develpments."
1．
What des Encyclpedia f the Enlightenment cver?
A.Only activities in traditinal centers f the mvement.
B.Activities in Edinburgh, Geneva, Philadelphia and Milan.
C.Bth traditinal centers and less well-knwn centers.
D.Mainly the wrks f Kant, Newtn, Franklin and Pain.
2． Which bk fcuses specifically n Britain’s rle in the Enlightenment?
A.Encyclpedia f the Enlightenment.
B.Prtable Enlightenment Reader.
C.Race and the Enlightenment: A Reader.
D.Creatin f the Mdern Wrld.
3． What d the first three bks have in cmmn accrding t the text?
A.They are all characterized by being reader-friendly.
B.They all cntain a cmprehensive utline f cntents.
C.They all prvide massive netwrks f related articles.
D.They all emphasize the imprtant rle f France.
It’s been almst a year nw since my last pst n Instagram r Facebk, and almst as lng since I even pened them t check psts. I gt ff the tw sites fr a simple reasn： I was spending t much time n them, and gaining next t nthing in the prcess.
I am nt claiming that scial media has n uses whatsever. It has brught the wrld clser tgether and helps peple keep in tuch. It just ceased t wrk fr me. I was increasingly beginning t feel like the peple n my scial media were less f friends and mre f acquaintances（認(rèn)識的人）. In fact, I cannt remember the last time I actually had a cnversatin with mst f them. And knwing abut each ther’s lives simply thrugh each ther’s status updates （狀態(tài)更新） didn’t feel much like a meaningful way f keeping in tuch.
Additinally, it’s nt fair fr me t cmplain that peple get n t scial media t make their lives lk gd because that is the nature f the medium. We pst nly the gd parts and nt the bad. What I think is really unfrtunate, thugh, is hw easy it seems t be fr us t frget this fact when we lk at ther peple’s psts nline.
The remval f scial media frm the equatin makes things much simpler and mre meaningful. I have read mre bks in 2021 than during any ther year in my life s far, and it is at least partly because I dn’t spend time scrlling thrugh（瀏覽） scial media. I nw have a few clse friends t talk face-t-face rather than cmmunicate by Instagram r Facebk. I take pictures and vides f happy mments t stre all these memries fr myself and my family rather than fr my imagined audience nline. It may be terribly hard t get ff scial media fr an extended perid f time, but it can be wrth it.
4． What des the authr think f scial media?
A.Peple wuld gain nthing frm scial media.
B.Friends n scial media were mre like strangers.
C.It isn’t a meaningful way t knw abut friends’ lives.
D.It makes the authr ften check friends’ status updates.
5．What des the underlined phrase "this fact" in paragraph 3 refer t?
A.Peple ften cmplain abut scial media.
B.Peple use scial media t make lives better.
C.Peple classify the psts int gd and bad.
D.Peple tend t pst gd parts n scial media.
6． What can we learn abut the authr frm the last paragraph?
A.The authr is nw living a mre prductive life.
B.The authr has fewer clse friends than befre.
C.It was easy fr the authr t quit scial media.
D.The authr desn’t share pictures and vides any mre.
7． Which f the fllwing is the mst suitable title fr the text?
A.Hw t Get ff Scial Media.
B.Why I Gt ff Scial Media.
C.The Drawbacks f Scial Media.
D.Life Withut Scial Media.
When I lked at the Penningtn Day dg shw’s Lk-Alike Cntest in suburban New Jersey in the mid-1990s, I had all the cnfidence f a yung girl assured f victry. After all, her puppy had lng, flppy ears that perfectly matched her wavy, blnd bb.
Turns ut, there is actual science t back up the steretype （模式化觀念） that dgs lk like their wners. A recent review f 15 studies frm arund the glbe suggests that nt nly peple and their pets lk and act similarly, but that the similarities between their persnalities deepen ver time.
In many f the studies, scientists asked study vlunteers t match pictures f dgs and their wners, which they did better than they wuld just by chance. Anther fund that wmen ften had hair f a similar length t the dgs’ ears. S what gives? Experts suspect peple chse dgs that lk like them r reflect them in sme way.
The review als shwed that dgs and wners have similar persnality characteristics, especially extrversin and neurticism, and that their temperaments （性情） appeared t grw mre alike. The study ffers different theries fr why, including that wners may be drawn t dgs that are like them t begin with, and as they age tgether, the tw species may regulate each ther’s emtins, reinfrce each ther’s behavir, r learn tgether.
"It resembles （像） the way we als lk fr ur partners," says study leader Yana Bender, a dctral researcher in the DgStudies Research Grup in Germany. Dgs and their wners share "a very clse t many human relatinships."
Authrs f the review als nted that the number f dgs and wners included in the studies are relatively small. Many f the wners wh vlunteered t participate in the studies als had purebred dgs, and scientists need mre data n hybrid dgs, which are mre cmmn wrldwide. Additinally, wner bias plays a rle： Withut a standardized way t assess dgs’ persnalities, scientists must ask peple t evaluate their wn pets, wh can be as hard t think abut bjectively as yur human family.
8． Why des the authr mentin the Lk-Alike Cntest in the first paragraph?
A.T lead in the tpic.
B.T intrduce the cntest.
C.T give an example.
D.T explain the backgrund.
9． What can be inferred frm the text?
A.Peple and their pets have similar hairstyles.
B.Peple and their pets mirrr each ther t sme extent.
C.Dgs and their partners share a very clse relatinship.
D.The similarities between dgs and wners weaken ver time.
10． What d we knw abut dgs and wners in paragraph 4?
A.They share the same persnality characteristics.
B.They resemble in appearance and age.
C.The dgs may be attracted by wners wh lk like them.
D.They influence each ther in terms f behavir and emtin.
11． What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut?
A.The backgrund f the research.
B.The fcus f the research.
C.The limitatins f the research.
D.The prspect f the research.
AI is deeply changing the way we prduce and wrk, including imprving prductin efficiency, ptimizing wrkflw and enhancing wrk efficiency. It als invlves in medical care, educatin, transprtatin and ther fields. Be that as it may, what abut the dwnsides? Tw experts weigh in.
A recent study shwed that ne f the mst ppular AI chatbts has been sharing inaccurate cding and cmputer prgramming advice. This is because generative AI applicatins such as large language mdels wrk, functinally, as a predictin prgram. When yu ask a questin, the AI sifts thrugh （細(xì)查） its knwledge base fr relevant infrmatin. Then, using that infrmatin, it predicts a set f wrds that it perceives as the desired respnse t yur questin. That predictin is fllwed by anther predictin — anther set f wrds — that it has been trained t expect shuld cme next, and s n.
But Rayid Ghani, a prfessr f Machine Learning Department, says that prcess puts greater emphasis n prbability than truth： Mst generative AI mdels have been trained n large scale f data frm acrss the Internet, but nbdy has checked the accuracy f thse data, nr des the AI understand what is r isn’t a trustwrthy surce.
When humans make mistakes, Ghani says, it’s easy fr us t empathize （共鳴）, since we recgnize that peple aren’t perfect beings. But we expect ur machines t be crrect. That makes it very hard fr us t frgive AI when it gets things wrng. But empathy can be a pwerful debugging tl： These are human-made systems, after all.
AI has a water prblem — really, an energy prblem. A significant amunt f heat is generated by the energy required t pwer the AI tls that peple are increasingly using in their daily persnal and prfessinal lives. As Shalei Ren, an assciate prfessr f electrical and cmputer engineering, is quick t nte, cling dwn the data centers requires an enrmus amunt f water, similar t the amunt used by tens f thusands f city dwellers （居民）. Ren believes it will be imprtant fr us as individuals and as a sciety t better understand the real cst f asking an applicatin like ChatGPT a questin.
12． Which f the fllwing wuld Ghani prbably agree with?
A.AI applicatins serve as large language mdels.
B.The predictin prcess f AI is simplified.
C.Humans have tlerance fr mistakes f AI.
D.AI mdels attach greater imprtance t relevance than precisin.
13． What is Ghani’s attitude twards AI?
A.Cautius.
B.Indifferent.
C.Cntent.
D.Biased.
14． What can we learn abut AI frm the last paragraph?
A.AI tls are increasingly generating massive water in daily life.
B.The amunt f water cnsumed by AI is equal t that used by citizens.
C.We are suppsed t be aware f the envirnmental impact f AI.
D.Individuals and sciety shuld reduce the cst f using AI.
15． What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A.T give a brief accunt f AI.
B.T illustrate big issues regarding AI.
C.T hnr tw utstanding AI experts.
D.T clarify the current situatin f AI.
16．
In the pursuit f persnal and prfessinal grwth, plateaus (停滯期) are unavidable.① . Here are fur strategies t vercme plateaus and achieve success.
1. Find Out the Rt Cause
When facing a plateau, there is likely smething causing yu t stp yur prgress. Identify the rt cause.② . Are yu wasting time n unnecessary activities? Or are yu taking n t many tasks? Often, adding mre tasks verlads yur already tight rutine and distracts (使分心) yu frm fcusing n the mst imprtant tasks. Therefre, ften remving unnecessary activities will wrk t vercme plateaus.
2.③
Once yu’ve identified the rt cause, never tlerate prblems. Instead, address and imprve the situatin. Yet, peple ften find themselves asking, ‘What is wrng with it?’ Questins f this nature lead t respnses like ‘Because yu’re nt gd enugh.’ Instead, ask ‘What is nt perfect yet, and hw can I turn things arund?’ By asking empwering questins, yu’ll shift yur fcus frm the prblem t the slutin.
3. Track Yur Habits
Carry a ntepad t track yur habits thrughut the day, especially thse cntributing t plateaus. Fr instance, if yur rt cause is t much internet use, recrd instances f mindless scrlling n scial media.④ . Dcument what yu’ve learned frm the bk and the time spent exercising. This practice helps yu build new psitive habits by enabling yu t cmpare tday’s results with thse frm yesterday r a week ag.
4. See Obstacles (障礙) as Opprtunities
⑤ . If yur business receives a bad review frm a custmer, see it as free feedback that guides yu n hw t imprve and take yur business t the next level. Always try t see different angles that thers may verlk. When yu view a prblem as an pprtunity, it has the ptential t bst grwth.
In the jurney tward success, a plateau is nt a full stp； it’s a cmma that allws yu t pause, reflect, and shift yur mindset. S, keep mving, keep grwing, and make yur breakthrugh.
A. Never Take Yur Eyes ff Yur Gal.
B. Fcus n a 100% Slutin and 0% Prblems.
C. Examine yur daily rutine and hw yu spend yur time.
D. Every bstacle can be an pprtunity t turn things arund.
E. The key t psitive results lies in cncentrating n the slutin.
F. But remember, plateaus are just temprary pauses, nt dead ends.
G. Additinally, track psitive new habits, like reading and exercising.
二、完形填空（15空）
As I wrapped my arms arund this wman f 81 years, I felt right at hme. We 1 frm side t side, nt t fast as the wrkers f the Center had tld me that her bnes were 2 . She remembered that she used t lve it 3 she hadn’t danced fr ver 20 years.
She 4 stries t me abut hw she used t g t all the parties and knew all the latest dance steps. Nw, we just mved frm side t side. Her life is restricted t the 5 f ther elders at the senir center, and the wrkers we pay t take care f ur parents. Every nw and then they get sme 6 . They play bing weekly, g fr walks, and tday a vlunteer grup 7 with sme ballrm music. At first everyne was uneasy, s we decided t let the music 8 . It was like bys 9 girls. Everyne was wndering wh was ging t make the first 10 . As this 81-year-ld wman, wh lst her husband a cuple f years ag, 11 her arms arund me, I knew that in this ne dance, we bth were kay.
Just as things started t 12 , Ben, an adult Mrccan male, pulled ut his Mrccan music and actually started Belly Dancing, enduring (忍受) thrugh the embarrassment just t bring 13 int the lives f a few ladies. Struck by his 14 , we all tk turns wearing the belly dancing skirt and shaking ur hips.
Mmentary pleasure is cherished by peple while jurneying ahead int the unknwn... but fr us, the memry will live a little 15 .
17．
A.swung
B.ran
C.walked
D.wandered
18．
A.hard
B.brken
C.delicate
D.strng
19．
A.as thugh
B.even thugh
C.as sn as
D.as lng as
20．
A.recalled
B.defined
C.reminded
D.recited
21．
A.appreciatin
B.mercy
C.cmfrt
D.cmpany
22．
A.treats
B.entertainment
C.rewards
D.wrkut
23．
A.went by
B.rushed by
C.drpped by
D.passed by
24．
A.back ff
B.g n
C.fade away
D.take ver
25．
A.seeing
B.meeting
C.hugging
D.attracting
26．
A.chance
B.invitatin
C.gesture
D.mve
27．
A.extended
B.flded
C.wrapped
D.lifted
28．
A.quiet dwn
B.g dwn
C.settle dwn
D.break dwn
29．
A.dubt
B.jy
C.fear
D.pride
30．
A.dignity
B.enthusiasm
C.penness
D.selflessness
31．
A.farther
B.deeper
C.lnger
D.strnger
三、短文填空
32．
China has successfully encircled the Taklimakan Desert, knwn as the “Sea f Death,” with a sand-blcking green belt stretching 3,046 km.① (cmplete) n Thursday, Nv. 28, the prject invlved planting varius trees, bushes, and ther vegetatin in Yutian Cunty at the desert’s suthern edge.
This massive initiative tk 40 years t cmplete the first 2,761 kilmeters f the green belt. The final 285 kilmeters required② army f 600,000 peple t plant desert-tlerant species such as red willw and sacsaul (梭梭). Alngside the green belt, effrts have been made③ (prmte) the develpment f sand industries t benefit lcal residents. Tuhti Rahman, directr f the Xinjiang reginal frestry and grassland bureau, said that the belt functined④ an eclgical barrier and wuld guarantee the stability f agricultural prductin, imprve the urban living envirnment and prmte Xinjiang’s ecnmic and scial develpment. And China will further⑤ (strength) the green belt.
The Taklimakan Desert cntrl prject is a part f China’s Three-Nrth Shelterbelt Frest Prgram (TSFP),⑥ was launched in 1978 and is scheduled t be cmpleted by2050. Over the past 46 years, the frest cverage rate f the TSFP-cvering areas⑦ (rise) frm 5.05% t 13.84%.
This prject is a big step frward in fighting desertificatin⑧ (glbal). It sets an example fr similar prjects in ther dry areas, like Africa r the Middle East. Grwing useful plants and⑨ (imprve) transprtatin in the area als shw hw this apprach can benefit lcal ecnmies and inspire⑩ (slutin) wrldwide.
四、書面表達(dá)
33．
假定你是李華,你校將舉辦以“我最喜愛英語學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)站”為主題的英語征文活動,你打算投稿。請你給外教 Henry寫封郵件,內(nèi)容包括:
（1）介紹你最喜愛的英語學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)站；
（2）請他對你的投稿作品進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)。
注意：
（1）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個左右；
（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Dear Henry,
I hpe this email finds yu well.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes！
Yurs,
Li Hua
五、讀后續(xù)寫
34．
Clin Farrell, a celebrated Irish actr knwn fr his pwerful perfrmances, has always been an advcate fr varius charities and scial causes. His latest deed, hwever, tk him t a persnal and prfessinal high, as he started an extrardinary jurney with his lng-time friend, Emma Fgarty.
Emma Fgarty, brn with n skin n her left ft and right arm because f a rare genetic skin cnditin epidermlysis bullsa （EB） knwn as butterfly skin, has spent much f her life vercming physical challenges and inspiring thers with her firm determinatin. Her curage and psitivity have earned her a circle f lyal friends, including Farrell, wh has been by her side thrugh thick and thin.
When Farrell learned abut a charity marathn in Dublin that aimed t raise funds and awareness fr EB research, he immediately thught f Emma. The idea f running the marathn tgether seemed like a perfect way t supprt her fight and bring attentin t her cause. At the thught f running the marathn while pushing Emma in wheelchair, Farrell knew this wasn’t ging t be an rdinary race； it was a missin fueled by friendship, lve, and a shared gal.
Thus, Clin Farrell and Emma Fgarty’s jurney t the Dublin Marathn had been filled with determinatin and challenges that tested their physical limits and mental resilience. As the marathn began, Farrell pushed Emma’s wheelchair with his strength, feeling the weight f the jurney but als the strength f their friendship. The crwd lined the streets, cheering ludly and waving flags. The atmsphere was electric, filled with a sense f unity and purpse. Kilmeter by kilmeter, Farrell pushed frward, passing landmarks, and with each step, Emma’ s curage and resilience fueled him, reminding him that he was nt just running fr himself, but fr Emma and the cuntless thers like her wh battle EB every day.
注意：
（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右；
（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Gradually, Farrell fund it mre challenging t push Emma’s wheelchair.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, they apprached the last stretch f the marathn curse.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
參考答案
1．答案： C
解析： 第一段中"This cmpilatin （匯編） by Alan Charles Krs expands beynd the traditinal centers f the mvement such as Paris, but includes ther, less well knwn centers such as Edinburgh, Geneva, Philadelphia and Milan fr cnsideratin.（這本由艾倫·查爾斯·科斯編寫的匯編,其范圍不僅超越了巴黎等該運(yùn)動的傳統(tǒng)中心,還將愛丁堡、日內(nèi)瓦、費(fèi)城和米蘭等其他不太知名的中心納入考量。）",可知該書涵蓋了傳統(tǒng)中心以及不太知名的中心,所以選C。
2．答案： D
解析： 第四段中"Mst writing abut the Enlightenment fcuses n France, but very little attentin is paid t Britain. Ry Prter definitively shws that underestimating Britain’s rle in this mvement is misguided.（大多數(shù)關(guān)于啟蒙運(yùn)動的著作都聚焦于法國,但很少關(guān)注英國。羅伊·波特明確指出,低估英國在這場運(yùn)動中的作用是錯誤的。）",表明《Creatin f the Mdern Wrld》這本書專門關(guān)注英國在啟蒙運(yùn)動中的作用,所以選D。
3．答案： A
解析： 第一段中"Designed and rganized fr ease f use（為便于使用而設(shè)計和編排）"體現(xiàn)《Encyclpedia f the Enlightenment》對讀者友好；第二段中"cllects easy - t - read selectins（收集易于閱讀的選集）"表明《Prtable Enlightenment Reader》對讀者友好；第三段中"cllects int ne cnvenient vlume（收集到一卷方便的書中）"說明《Race and the Enlightenment： A Reader》對讀者友好。所以這三本書的共同之處是都對讀者友好,選A。
4．答案： C
解析： 第二段中"And knwing abut each ther’s lives simply thrugh each ther’s status updates （狀態(tài)更新） didn’t feel much like a meaningful way f keeping in tuch.（僅僅通過彼此的狀態(tài)更新來了解對方的生活,感覺不像是一種有意義的保持聯(lián)系的方式。）",表明作者認(rèn)為通過社交媒體了解朋友生活并非有意義的方式,所以選C。
5．答案： D
解析： 第三段中"We pst nly the gd parts and nt the bad. What I think is really unfrtunate, thugh, is hw easy it seems t be fr us t frget this fact when we lk at ther peple’s psts nline.（我們只發(fā)布好的部分,而不是壞的部分。然而,我認(rèn)為真正不幸的是,當(dāng)我們在網(wǎng)上查看別人的帖子時,似乎很容易忘記這個事實。）",由此可知"this fact"指的是人們傾向于在社交媒體上發(fā)布好的部分,所以選D。
6．答案： A
解析： 最后一段中"I have read mre bks in 2021 than during any ther year in my life s far, and it is at least partly because I dn’t spend time scrlling thrugh（瀏覽） scial media. I nw have a few clse friends t talk face - t - face rather than cmmunicate by Instagram r Facebk.（2021年我讀的書比我到目前為止人生中的任何一年都多,這至少部分是因為我不花時間瀏覽社交媒體。我現(xiàn)在有幾個親密的朋友可以面對面交談,而不是通過Instagram或Facebk交流。）",說明作者不再沉迷社交媒體后,生活變得更有成效,所以選A。
7．答案： B
解析： 文章開篇點明作者離開Instagram和Facebk的原因是花費(fèi)時間太多卻收獲甚少,接著闡述社交媒體對自己來說不再起積極作用,最后說明離開社交媒體后生活變得更簡單且有意義,整體圍繞作者離開社交媒體的原因展開,所以"Why I Gt ff Scial Media."為最合適的標(biāo)題,選B。
8．答案： A
解析： 第一段講述作者參加Penningtn Day狗展的"長得像"比賽,她對自己和小狗的相似性充滿信心。從第二段開始,文章圍繞"狗和主人不僅長相相似,性格也相似"這一主題展開論述。所以第一段提及比賽是為了引出主題,選A。
9．答案： B
解析： 文章提到"nt nly peple and their pets lk and act similarly, but that the similarities between their persnalities deepen ver time"（不僅人和他們的寵物在外表和行為上相似,而且隨著時間的推移,他們性格上的相似性也會加深）,這表明人和他們的寵物在一定程度上相互映照,所以選B。A選項"Peple and their pets have similar hairstyles"表述片面,原文不僅提及發(fā)型；C選項"Dgs and their partners share a very clse relatinship"只是文中部分內(nèi)容,并非推斷出的核心觀點；D選項與原文"the similarities between their persnalities deepen ver time"相悖。
10．答案： D
解析： 第四段提到"as they age tgether, the tw species may regulate each ther’s emtins, reinfrce each ther’s behavir, r learn tgether"（隨著它們一起變老,這兩個物種可能會調(diào)節(jié)彼此的情緒,強(qiáng)化彼此的行為,或者一起學(xué)習(xí)）,說明狗和主人在行為和情感方面相互影響,所以選D。A選項"share the same persnality characteristics"過于絕對,原文說的是"similar persnality characteristics"；B選項"resemble in appearance and age",年齡相似在文中未提及；C選項表述錯誤,是主人選擇像自己的狗,而非狗被像自己的主人吸引。
11．答案： C
解析： 最后一段指出研究中狗和主人的數(shù)量相對較少,參與研究的很多主人養(yǎng)的是純種狗,缺乏關(guān)于雜交狗的數(shù)據(jù),而且主人偏見會影響對狗性格的評估,這些都是研究存在的局限性,所以選C。A選項"背景"、B選項"重點"、D選項"前景"均不符合文意。
12．答案： D
解析： 第三段中"Rayid Ghani, a prfessr f Machine Learning Department, says that prcess puts greater emphasis n prbability than truth： Mst generative AI mdels have been trained n large scale f data frm acrss the Internet, but nbdy has checked the accuracy f thse data, nr des the AI understand what is r isn’t a trustwrthy surce.（機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)系教授雷伊德·加尼表示,這個過程更側(cè)重于概率而非事實：大多數(shù)生成式人工智能模型是通過來自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的大量數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練的,但沒有人檢查過這些數(shù)據(jù)的準(zhǔn)確性,而且人工智能也不明白什么是可靠的信息來源,什么不是。）",這表明AI模型更看重相關(guān)性（基于概率從大量數(shù)據(jù)中篩選信息）而非精確性,所以選D。
13．答案： A
解析： 第三段中"Rayid Ghani, a prfessr f Machine Learning Department, says that prcess puts greater emphasis n prbability than truth（機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)系教授雷伊德·加尼表示,這個過程更側(cè)重于概率而非事實）"以及第四段中"But we expect ur machines t be crrect. That makes it very hard fr us t frgive AI when it gets things wrng. But empathy can be a pwerful debugging tl： These are human - made systems, after all.（但我們期望我們的機(jī)器是正確的。這使得當(dāng)人工智能出錯時,我們很難原諒它。但共鳴可以是一種強(qiáng)大的調(diào)試工具：畢竟這些都是人造系統(tǒng)。）",Ghani指出了AI存在的問題,同時也提到要以理解的態(tài)度看待AI,說明他對AI持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度,所以選A。
14．答案： C
解析： 最后一段中"As Shalei Ren, an assciate prfessr f electrical and cmputer engineering, is quick t nte, cling dwn the data centers requires an enrmus amunt f water, similar t the amunt used by tens f thusands f city dwellers （居民）. Ren believes it will be imprtant fr us as individuals and as a sciety t better understand the real cst f asking an applicatin like ChatGPT a questin.（正如電氣與計算機(jī)工程副教授任少雷很快指出的那樣,冷卻數(shù)據(jù)中心需要大量的水,這與成千上萬城市居民的用水量相近。任教授認(rèn)為,對于我們個人和整個社會而言,更好地理解向ChatGPT這樣的應(yīng)用程序提問的真正代價是很重要的。）",這意味著我們應(yīng)該意識到AI對環(huán)境（水資源消耗方面）的影響,所以選C。
15．答案： B
解析： 第一段中"AI is deeply changing the way we prduce and wrk, including imprving prductin efficiency, ptimizing wrkflw and enhancing wrk efficiency. It als invlves in medical care, educatin, transprtatin and ther fields. Be that as it may, what abut the dwnsides? Tw experts weigh in.（人工智能正在深刻地改變我們的生產(chǎn)和工作方式,包括提高生產(chǎn)效率、優(yōu)化工作流程和提升工作效率。它還涉及醫(yī)療、教育、交通等領(lǐng)域。即便如此,它的弊端是什么呢?兩位專家給出了看法。）",文章開篇點明AI有弊端,接著兩位專家闡述了AI在提供信息準(zhǔn)確性和能源消耗方面的重大問題,所以作者目的是闡述關(guān)于AI的重大問題,所以選B。
16．答案： F； C； B； G； D
解析： ①前文表明在追求個人與職業(yè)成長中停滯期不可避免,后文闡述克服停滯期的策略,F選項"但要記住,停滯期只是暫時的停頓,并非死胡同",起到承上啟下作用,引出克服停滯期相關(guān)內(nèi)容,故①選F。
②后文通過提問"你是否在不必要的活動上浪費(fèi)時間?或者承擔(dān)了太多任務(wù)?",可知是在審視日常安排與時間利用,C選項"檢查你的日常安排以及你如何花費(fèi)時間"符合語境,所以②選C。
③此段強(qiáng)調(diào)確定根本原因后,不應(yīng)容忍問題,要將關(guān)注點從問題轉(zhuǎn)移到解決方案上,B選項"專注于100%的解決方案,而非問題本身"可概括該段主旨,因此③選B。
④前文提到記錄導(dǎo)致停滯期的習(xí)慣,后文說記錄從書中所學(xué)及鍛煉時間,G選項"此外,記錄積極的新習(xí)慣,如閱讀和鍛煉",承接上文并引出后文,所以④選G。
⑤此段主旨是將障礙視為機(jī)遇,D選項"每一個障礙都可能是扭轉(zhuǎn)局面的機(jī)會"符合主旨,故⑤選D。
17．答案： A
解析： 考查動詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)前文"As I wrapped my arms arund this wman f 81 years"以及下文"we just mved frm side t side"可知,此處描述的是兩人跳舞時左右搖擺的動作。A. swung搖擺；B. ran跑；C. walked走；D. wandered徘徊。swung符合跳舞時左右擺動的語境,故選A。
18．答案： C
解析： 考查形容詞詞義辨析。由中心工作人員告知作者的內(nèi)容可知,這位81歲老人的骨頭狀況特殊。A. hard堅硬的；B. brken破碎的；文中未提及骨頭已破碎；C. delicate脆弱的,易碎的,符合老年人骨頭脆弱,跳舞不能太快的語境；D. strng強(qiáng)壯的,與文意不符。故選C。
19．答案： B
解析： 考查連詞短語辨析。句意為她記得自己曾經(jīng)很喜歡跳舞,____她已經(jīng)20多年沒跳過了。A. as thugh好像；B. even thugh盡管,即使,表讓步,符合句子邏輯關(guān)系,即盡管多年沒跳但曾經(jīng)喜歡；C. as sn as一……就……；D. as lng as只要。故選B。
20．答案： A
解析： 考查動詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)后文"stries t me abut hw she used t g t all the parties and knew all the latest dance steps"可知,老人是在回憶過去的事情。A. recalled回憶,回想；B. defined定義；C. reminded提醒；D. recited背誦。recalled符合老人回憶往事的語境,故選A。
21．答案： D
解析： 考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)語境,她的生活局限于老年中心其他老人的____。A. appreciatin欣賞,感激；B. mercy仁慈；C. cmfrt安慰；D. cmpany陪伴,她的生活主要是與老年中心其他老人相伴,cmpany符合語境,故選D。
22．答案： B
解析： 考查名詞詞義辨析。從后文"They play bing weekly, g fr walks..."可知,這些都是娛樂活動。A. treats款待；B. entertainment娛樂；C. rewards獎勵；D. wrkut鍛煉。這里描述的是老人們獲得的娛樂活動,entertainment符合語境,故選B。
23．答案： C
解析： 考查動詞短語辨析。句意為今天一個志愿者團(tuán)體帶著一些交際舞音樂____。A. went by經(jīng)過,時間流逝；B. rushed by匆匆經(jīng)過；C. drpped by順便拜訪,符合志愿者團(tuán)體來到老年中心這一語境；D. passed by經(jīng)過。故選C。
24．答案： D
解析： 考查動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)前文"At first everyne was uneasy"可知,大家一開始不自在,所以決定讓音樂發(fā)揮作用帶動氣氛。A. back ff后退；B. g n繼續(xù)；C. fade away逐漸消失；D. take ver接管,在這里表示讓音樂掌控局面,帶動氣氛,符合語境。故選D。
25．答案： B
解析： 考查動詞詞義辨析。這里將當(dāng)時的場景比作男孩____女孩,大家都有些不好意思,不知道誰先行動。A. seeing看見；B. meeting遇見,這里可以理解為像男孩女孩初次見面時那種有些羞澀、不知如何行動的感覺,符合語境；C. hugging擁抱；D. attracting吸引。故選B。
26．答案： D
解析： 考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)語境,大家都很猶豫,不知道誰先邁出第一步,做出行動。A. chance機(jī)會；B. invitatin邀請；C. gesture手勢；D. mve移動,行動,make the first mve表示先行動,符合語境。故選D。
27．答案： C
解析： 考查動詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)前文"As I wrapped my arms arund this wman f 81 years"可知,此處是這位81歲的女士用手臂環(huán)繞我。A. extended延伸；B. flded折疊；C. wrapped環(huán)繞,包裹；D. lifted舉起。wrapped符合語境,故選C。
28．答案： A
解析： 考查動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)前文大家一開始不自在,后來隨著音樂氛圍逐漸變好,這里指事情開始平靜下來。A. quiet dwn平靜下來；B. g dwn下降,下沉；C. settle dwn定居,安定下來,側(cè)重于長期的安定；D. break dwn出故障,分解。quiet dwn符合此時氛圍從開始的不自在到逐漸平靜的語境,故選A。
29．答案： B
解析： 考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)"Ben, an adult Mrccan male, pulled ut his Mrccan music and actually started Belly Dancing"可知,Ben的行為是為了給女士們帶來歡樂。A. dubt懷疑；B. jy歡樂；C. fear恐懼；D. pride驕傲。jy符合語境,故選B。
30．答案： D
解析： 考查名詞詞義辨析。Ben忍受著尷尬表演肚皮舞,這種行為是無私的,是為了給大家?guī)須g樂。A. dignity尊嚴(yán)；B. enthusiasm熱情；C. penness開放；D. selflessness無私,這種無私的行為打動了大家,故選D。
31．答案： C
解析： 考查形容詞比較級辨析。根據(jù)"Mmentary pleasure is cherished by peple while jurneying ahead int the unknwn... but fr us"可知,這里強(qiáng)調(diào)這個記憶會留存更久。A. farther更遠(yuǎn)；B. deeper更深；C. lnger更久；D. strnger更強(qiáng)。lnger符合記憶留存時間更久的語境,故選C。
32．答案： Cmpleted； an； t prmte； as； strengthen； which； has risen； glbally； imprving； slutins
解析： ①"the prject"與"cmplete"是被動關(guān)系,且該動作已完成,所以用過去分詞"Cmpleted"作狀語 。
②"an army f"是固定搭配,表示"一大批","army"首音素為元音,用"an" 。
③"make effrts t d sth."是固定表達(dá),意為"努力做某事",故填"t prmte" 。
④"functin as"為固定短語,意思是"起……作用",所以這里用"as" 。
⑤"will"后接動詞原形,"strength"的動詞形式是"strengthen",表示"加強(qiáng)" 。
⑥此為非限制性定語從句,先行詞是"the Three - Nrth Shelterbelt Frest Prgram （TSFP）",在從句中作主語,指物,用"which"引導(dǎo) 。
⑦"Over the past 46 years"是現(xiàn)在完成時標(biāo)志,主語"the frest cverage rate"是單數(shù),所以用"has risen" 。
⑧修飾"fighting desertificatin"這一動作要用副詞,"glbal"的副詞形式是"glbally" 。
⑨"and"連接并列成分,與"Grwing useful plants"并列,作主語,用動名詞"imprving" 。
⑩"slutin"是可數(shù)名詞,這里指世界各地的解決方案,用復(fù)數(shù)"slutins" 。
33．答案： Dear Henry,
I hpe this email finds yu well. I’m writing t seek yur guidance n my entry themed “My Favrite English Learning Website”.
The English learning website I like mst is "BBC Learning English", which basts a wide range f cntent, catering t varius learning levels and interests. Additinally, it integrates cultural insights and glbal perspectives, prviding learners with a deeper understanding f English-speaking cultures. Hwever, I have n idea if my entry is well-structured. Given yur rich experience, culd yu kindly review my draft in the attachment and prvide yur insights int hw I can plish it? I am eagerly waitingfr yur valuable feedback.
Best wishes！
Yurs,
Li Hua
解析：
34．答案：
Gradually, Farrell fund it mre challenging t push Emma’s wheelchair. The weight f the wheelchair, cupled with the increasing fatigue, made every step hardly pssible. Farrell culd feel the burn in his muscles and the sweat trickling dwn his face. He glanced dwn at Emma, wh remained as resilient as ever, her eyes filled with gratitude and determinatin. The crwd, inspired by their perseverance, waved flags and shuted wrds f supprt. Witnessing all f these, Farrell felt a surge f renewed energy. He pushed the wheelchair with his remaining strength, determined t crss the finish line.
Finally, they apprached the final stretch f the marathn curse.The cheers frm the crwd became a chrus f encuragement. Seeing the finish line in sight, Farrell was verwhelmed with energy. Emma’s eyes lit up, her hands grasping her wheelchair tightly. Tgether, they surged frward, their hearts punding wildly. As they crssed the finish line, the crwd erupted int applause. Their effrts were recgnized nt just as a victry in the marathn, but as a victry against adversity, a demnstratin f lasting friendship and a pwerful call fr supprt fr EB research. Farrell and Emma embraced the mment, knwing they had achieved smething truly extrardinary.
解析： 本文以人物為線索展開,文章敘述了Clin Farrell和Emma Fgarty一起參加馬拉松比賽的經(jīng)歷。在比賽過程中,Farrell推著Emma的輪椅艱難前行,但依靠自身的努力和人群的鼓勵,最終成功完成了比賽。
1.段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容"漸漸地,Farrell發(fā)現(xiàn)推Emma的輪椅更有挑戰(zhàn)性了。"可知,第一段可描寫Farrell推著Emma艱難前行以及人們對于他們的支持和Farrell受到鼓舞。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容"最后,他們來到了馬拉松比賽的最后一段"可知,第二段可描寫Farrell和Emma獲得了成功以及感悟。
2.續(xù)寫線索：艱難前行——人群的鼓舞——Farrell受到鼓舞——穿過終點線——感悟
3.詞匯激活
行為類
①鼓舞：inspire /mtivate
②決定：determine/decide
③擁抱：embrace /hug
④抓?。篻rasp/catch
情緒類
①鼓勵：encuragement /mtivatin
②令人驚奇的：extrardinary/amazing
[高分句型1]He glanced dwn at Emma, wh remained as resilient as ever, her eyes filled with gratitude and determinatin. （運(yùn)用了wh引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句）
[高分句型2]As they crssed the finish line, the crwd erupted int applause. （運(yùn)用了as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句）

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這是一份[英語][期末]河北省保定市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末調(diào)研考試英語試題，共10頁。試卷主要包含了填寫答題卡的內(nèi)容用2B鉛筆填寫，提前 xx 分鐘收取答題卡等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。

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