動(dòng)詞是歷年高考的必考點(diǎn)，而且考查數(shù)量占比最大。對(duì)動(dòng)詞有關(guān)知識(shí)的掌握是考生在語法填空中取得高分的關(guān)鍵。動(dòng)詞的形式變化比較多樣，有謂語形式的變化(如時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、虛擬語氣及主謂一致)，非謂語形式的變化(如動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)詞-ing形式和過去分詞形式)及動(dòng)詞詞形的變化。
如何判定作謂語還是非謂語[典例呈現(xiàn)][典例1] (2024·浙江卷1月)Over the last tw years, sme supermarkets 62._______________(start) selling chicken r salad in packs designed with tw halves cntaining separate prtins (份).
have started
[解析]　第一步：確定是否填謂語。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，空處在句中作謂語。第二步：考慮時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)空前的時(shí)間狀語Over the last tw years可知，空處應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主語sme supermarkets是動(dòng)作start的發(fā)出者，應(yīng)用主動(dòng)語態(tài)；根據(jù)空前的復(fù)數(shù)主語sme supermarkets可知，助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
[典例2] (2023·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)T eat ne, yu have t decide whether 57._________(bite) a small hle in it first, releasing the steam and risking a spill (溢出)，58.r t put the whle dumpling in yur muth, letting the ht sup explde n yur tngue (舌頭).
[解析]　第一步：確定是否作謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，動(dòng)詞decide后的成分為賓語，連詞whether后沒有主語，故此處應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞。第二步：確定填何種非謂語形式。此處考查“whether＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，不定式須用主動(dòng)形式，且空處與下文的t put是并列關(guān)系。
[技法點(diǎn)撥]第一步：確定是作謂語還是非謂語1．分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，若句中無謂語動(dòng)詞，或者雖然已有謂語動(dòng)詞，但空處所需詞與之是并列關(guān)系時(shí)，空處就用謂語動(dòng)詞；2．分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，若句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞，且不是作并列謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)，則要考慮用非謂語動(dòng)詞。
第二步：若填謂語動(dòng)詞，就要考慮時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致1．看“時(shí)間”定時(shí)態(tài)(注意語境中暗含的時(shí)間狀語)；2．看“主語”定語態(tài)(看主語是否為動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者)；3．看人稱和數(shù)，確保主謂一致。
第三步：若填非謂語動(dòng)詞，就要確定填何種非謂語形式1．提示詞與邏輯主語是主謂關(guān)系時(shí)，常用動(dòng)詞-ing形式；　2．提示詞與邏輯主語是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，常用過去分詞形式；　3．提示詞在句中作目的狀語或表示意料之外的結(jié)果時(shí)，常用動(dòng)詞不定式形式。
考法1　謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)[試做經(jīng)典]1．(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)Further, the Silk Rute Garden arund the greenhuse _________(walk) visitrs thrugh a jurney influenced by the ancient Silk Rad, by which silk as well as many plant species came t Britain fr the first time.
walks　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在句中作謂語；本句描述了the Silk Rute Garden的客觀情況，時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；walk在此作動(dòng)詞，意為“(循序漸進(jìn)地)教、逐步引導(dǎo)”，與主語the Silk Rute Garden之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系；且主語表示第三人稱單數(shù)，應(yīng)用walks。
2．(2024·青島二模)Dugh (面團(tuán)) sculpture, als knwn as dugh flwers, _________(date) back t the Han Dynasty (202-220BCE).dates　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。date back t (追溯到)無被動(dòng)形式；根據(jù)語境可知，此處陳述的是客觀事實(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語Dugh sculpture為單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。
3．(2022·全國甲卷)In the last five years, Ca ____________(walk) thrugh 34 cuntries in six cntinents, and in 2016, he reached the tp f Kilimanjar, Africa's highest muntain. has walked　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語In the last five years可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主語Ca為第三人稱單數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用has。
4．(2022·浙江卷1月)On a website called N Fly Climate Sci, fr example, rughly 200 academics—many f them climate scientists—_______________ (prmise) t fly as little as pssible since the effrt started tw years ag. have prmised　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語since the effrt started tw years ag可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主語academics為復(fù)數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用have。
have prmised
5．(2023·浙江卷1月)The large siheyuan f these high-ranking fficials and wealthy businessmen ften _________(feature)beautifully carved and painted rf beams and pillars (柱子). The hutngs they frmed were rderly, lined by spacius hmes and walled gardens. featured　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在此作謂語。結(jié)合上下文可知，此處描述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。
6．(2024·唐山一模)Nw, this little-knwn written language ______________(experience) smething f a rebirth. is experiencing　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語Nw可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；主語this little-knwn written language為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。
is experiencing
7．(2024·遼寧高三二模)Because f this intercnnected relatinship it means that if ne system is disturbed, it _________(result) in the ther system being disturbed.will result　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“if ne system is disturbed”為if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則，主句“it _________(result) in the ther system being disturbed”應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)。
will result
8．(2024·大連二模)By the time she was sixteen, Yani _____________ (paint) mre than ten thusand pictures.had painted　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語從句“By the time she was sixteen”可知，此處應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)。
had painted
9．(2024·阜新4月聯(lián)考)A reprt shwed that a crwd f residents f Jianghua Ya Autnmus Cunty, Hunan Prvince, _________(sing) and danced n Saturday t celebrate the cming f Jingzhe r the Awakening f Insects.sang　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)and danced可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。
10．(2024·濟(jì)南二模)Obviusly, the business ______________________ (grw) since the beginning f this year. has grwn/has been grwing　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語since the beginning f this year可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，也可以用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作從過去開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并將持續(xù)下去。主語 the business為第三人稱單數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用has。
has grwn/has been grwing
11．(2024·保定二模)Fr mst f the children, it was the first time in their lives that they_______________(watch) a mvie n such a “giant” screen, as there is n cinema in the village.had watched　考查固定句型。在“it was the first time that...”句型中，that從句使用過去完成時(shí)，為固定用法。
had watched
12．(2024·濟(jì)南一模)It is high time that we ________________________ (embrace) the bright spring.embraced/shuld embrace　考查固定句型。在“It is (high/abut) time that...”句型中，that從句中的動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)或shuld d。
embraced/shuld embrace
[技法點(diǎn)撥]1．標(biāo)志詞判斷法　　在高考語法填空中，有時(shí)會(huì)給出時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞，可根據(jù)所給時(shí)間狀語來確定對(duì)應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)：(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：smetimes、ften、every week/day/year/mrning等；(2)一般過去時(shí)：yesterday、last week/night/year/mnth、the ther day、in＋過去的年份、時(shí)間段＋ag、時(shí)間段＋later等；
(3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：lk、listen、nw、at present、at this mment/time等；(4)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：at that time/mment等；(5)一般將來時(shí)：tmrrw、next week/year、in＋時(shí)間段、in the future等；(6)將來進(jìn)行時(shí)：at this time tmrrw等；　(7)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：since＋時(shí)間點(diǎn)、recently、lately、already、s far、ever since、up t/until/by nw、during/ver/in the last/past＋時(shí)間段、in/ver recent＋時(shí)間段等；(8)過去完成時(shí)：by then、until then、by/befre/till the end f＋過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)等。
2．瞻前顧后找并列(1)表示并列的連詞有and、but、r、rather than、、nt (als)...等；(2)同一個(gè)主語的兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列謂語，謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)要一致。3．語境暗示法　　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，發(fā)現(xiàn)提示詞作謂語，但沒有標(biāo)志性的時(shí)間狀語，且其他參照物都不明顯，通過正確理解語境即通過語境暗示解題，也是解決時(shí)態(tài)問題的一條行之有效的方法。
4．固定句型判斷法(1)be ；(2)This/It/That is＋the＋序數(shù)詞＋time＋(that)從句，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；(3)This/It/That was＋the＋序數(shù)詞＋time＋(that)從句，從句用過去完成時(shí)；(4)It is/has been＋時(shí)間段＋since sb./sth. did...；　(5)by the time＋sb./sth. did...，主語＋had dne...；(6)n sner had ＋主語＋ dne ＋主語＋ had ＋主語＋dne... when ＋主語＋did...；(7)It's (high/abut) time that sb. did/shuld d sth.
考法2　謂語動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)[試做經(jīng)典]1．(2024·全國甲卷)What shuld _________(d) with such a beautiful place? They wndered ut lud.be dne　考查動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)。主語What與d之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；空前的shuld是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，其后應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。
2．(2023·全國乙卷)Having visited several times ver the last 10 years, I _______________(amaze) by the c-existence f ld and new, and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage (遺產(chǎn)) while cnstantly grwing. was amazed　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。由下文時(shí)態(tài)可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)；I和amaze之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
3．(2022·浙江卷1月)Travelling t cnferences, lectures, wrkshps, and the like—frequently by plane—___________________________(view) as imprtant fr scientists t get tgether and exchange infrmatin.is viewed/has been viewed　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。描述人們普遍認(rèn)知的事情用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，此處也可以表示強(qiáng)調(diào)人們從過去到現(xiàn)在的認(rèn)知，動(dòng)名詞作主語，與謂語之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填is viewed或has been viewed。
is viewed/has been viewed
4．(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅱ)A statue cmmemrating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017. Tw years later, a six-meter-tall pavilin, inspired by The Peny Pavilin, _________(build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk frm Shakespeare's birthplace.was built　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在句中作謂語，主語是a six-meter-tall pavilin，與build之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系；此處描述過去的事，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)；且主語為單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用was。
5．The cat yu bught fr me is made f a kind f clth that _________(wash) easily.washes　考查動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)。此處為主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，表示主語a kind f clth具有某種“性質(zhì)”使得動(dòng)作wash得以進(jìn)行。
[技法點(diǎn)撥]1．依據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系，辨析主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)(1)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，發(fā)現(xiàn)提示詞作謂語，若與主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)考慮用主動(dòng)語態(tài)； 若是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，則考慮用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。(2)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本形式為： be＋過去分詞，被動(dòng)語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)體現(xiàn)在be動(dòng)詞上。(3)只有及物動(dòng)詞(短語)才有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，系動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞(短語)不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
2．?？嫉膸追N時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am/is/are dne；(2)一般過去時(shí)：was/were dne；(3)一般將來時(shí)：will be dne；(4)過去將來時(shí)：wuld be dne；(5)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：has/have been dne；(6)過去完成時(shí)：had been dne。
3．主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義的句式結(jié)構(gòu)：(1)當(dāng)feel、lk、smell、taste、sund等系動(dòng)詞后面接形容詞時(shí)；(2)當(dāng)cut、read、sell、wear、write、wash、pen、run、burn等動(dòng)詞后有狀語(well、easily等)修飾，用來表示主語內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能時(shí)，用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。
考法3　主謂一致[試做經(jīng)典]1．(2023·全國乙卷)The remarkable develpment f this city, which is cnsciusly designed t prtect the past while stepping int the mdern wrld, _________(mean) there is always smething new t discver here, and I culd be phtgraphing Beijing fr the next 50 years.means　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。上下文的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，此處也應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；句子的主語為“The remarkable develpment f this city”，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)。
2．(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅱ)Sme f the things that Tang was writing abut _________(be) als Shakespeare's cncerns.were　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。主語Sme f the things為復(fù)數(shù)，且此處描述過去的事，故填were。
3．(2024·重慶巴蜀中學(xué)質(zhì)檢)The Munt Changbai Gepark, alng with five ther Chinese geparks, _______________(recgnize) as a Glbal Gepark by UNESCO n March 27.was recgnized　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語n March 27可知，時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)；主語“The ”與動(dòng)詞recgnize之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；alng with連接兩個(gè)主語，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與前邊的主語保持一致，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用was。
was recgnized
4．(2024·衡水中學(xué)期中)While enjyed thrughut China, Jianzi ____________(describe) by Chai as an imprtant aspect f hutng culture. The narrw alleyways, situated within Beijing's inner city, prvide the setting fr the game's ppularity.is described　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句子描述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；根據(jù)句意及空后的by可知，空處用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；主語Jianzi是不可數(shù)名詞，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。
is described
5．(2024·汕頭二模)Nw, mre than just a lantern shw, it als _________(serve) as an pening activity t celebrate the 60th anniversary f the establishment f diplmatic relatins between China and France in 1964.serves　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)nw可知，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語it為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式；且主語與動(dòng)詞serve之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用主動(dòng)語態(tài)。
6．As the year 2024 is the Year f the Dragn in China, many a brand __________________________(rll) ut a large variety f dragn-themed gds lately.has rlled/has been rlling　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)句意和時(shí)間狀語lately可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，或用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去開始的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在；many a brand后謂語用第三人稱單數(shù)。
has rlled/has been rlling
7．Amy, as well as her brthers, _________(give) a warm welcme when returning t the village last week.was given　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。as well as連接并列名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與第一個(gè)主語一致，因此應(yīng)用單數(shù)；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語last week可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)；空處與主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
8．(2024·全國甲卷)They _________(be) part f a 15-member explring party that had spent almst five awesme weeks in witness f the natural beauties there.were　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。結(jié)合文章時(shí)態(tài)和句意可知，此處描述過去的情況，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)；主語是They，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
[技法點(diǎn)撥]1．語法一致原則(1)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)現(xiàn)提示詞作謂語，且主語后跟有with、tgether with、as well as、like、but、except、alng with、rather than、including、in additin t等引導(dǎo)的短語時(shí)，要考慮謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與短語前面的主語保持一致；(2)在定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞that、wh、which等作主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與主句中先行詞的數(shù)保持一致；
(3)“many a/mre than ne＋單數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；each、every、n所修飾的名詞作主語時(shí)，即使有and 連接，謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。2．就近原則(1)r、、、nt (als)...、等連接并列主語時(shí)；(2)there/here be句式。
3．意義一致原則(1)由連詞and連接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出現(xiàn)(不可分割的整體)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；(2)動(dòng)詞不定式(短語)、動(dòng)名詞(短語)、主語從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)；(3)由分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)或者sme、a part f等修飾時(shí)，要根據(jù)所修飾的名詞確定謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)；(4)“the＋形容詞”表示抽象概念，作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；“the＋形容詞”表示一類人或物，作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
Test 1　　(2024·臨沂一模)Yu've never heard sngs quite like this befre. In fact, it seems that Myun can transfrm just abut any sng int smething cmpletely new 1._________ the help f the Guzheng. This traditinal Chinese instrument 2._________(make) f 16 r mre strings and mvable bridges. Tgether, it prduces sme f the sweetest sunds that pair surprisingly well with 3._________ was riginally a rck sng.
　　“Traditinal Chinese instruments aren't suited fr 4._________(adapt) a band's entire sund，” Myun said. “Guzheng is like the bass. It's hard t create variatins with it.” Despite the 5._________(limitatin), Myun has mastered the prcess f changing ppular music fr the Guzheng. In ne f her many vides 6._________(share) n the Internet, she des this with “Thunderstruck” by AC/DC． During her 7._____________ (perfrm), Myun is cnstantly mving bth f her hands, each mvement 8._____________(effrtless) methdical (有條理的) and fascinating t watch. When she's nt plucking (彈撥) ne f the instrument's many strings, she is beating it like a drum.
perfrmance(s)
effrtlessly
　　By sharing vides like these, Myun hpes that mre peple will cme t appreciate this unique instrument. “Chinese culture tends 9._______ (be) abstract，”she said. “It's nt really accessible. But pp culture is accessible. By putting 10._________ tw tgether, I hpe the audience can appreciate my music.”【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了墨韻在古箏的幫助下，似乎可以把任何一首歌都變成全新的東西。
1．with　考查介詞。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)用介詞短語with the help f，意為“在……的幫助下”。2．is made　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。此處名詞instrument和動(dòng)詞make之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，構(gòu)成短語be made f“由……組成”；該句為描述客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語instrument為單數(shù)，故填is made。
3．what　考查賓語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，且在從句中作主語，指物，應(yīng)用what。4．a(chǎn)dapting　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。介詞fr后應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。5．limitatins　考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞limitatin的復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示“局限性”。6．shared　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞作后置定語，修飾vides，因vides和動(dòng)詞share之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞形式。
7．perfrmance(s)　考查名詞。根據(jù)空前her為形容詞性物主代詞可知，此處用名詞形式，perfrmance意為“表演”時(shí)，單復(fù)數(shù)形式皆可。8．effrtlessly　考查副詞。根據(jù)副詞修飾形容詞可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞effrtlessly，修飾形容詞methdical and fascinating。9．t be　考查固定搭配。tend t d sth.為固定短語，意為“傾向于做某事”。10．the/these　考查限定詞。根據(jù)句意以及空后的tw表示名詞“兩個(gè)”可知，此處可以用定冠詞the表示特指，也可以用指示代詞these后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，對(duì)名詞起到限定作用。
Test 2　　(2024·陽泉三模)Chinese art is an imprtant part f the cuntry's cultural heritage. It 1._____________(distinguish) itself frm Western painting in that it is drawn n Xuan paper (r silk) with the Chinese brush and Chinese ink.
distinguishes
　　2．_________(attain) ability in this art, it is necessary t have a gd cntrl f the brush, and certain knwledge f Xuan paper and Chinese ink. Befre painting, the painter must have a 3._________(detail) draft in his mind. Once he starts t paint, he will 4._________(nrmal) have t cmplete the wrk at ne g. A large number f Chinese painters, at the same time, 5._________(be) pets wh ften add their wn pems t the paintings. The resulting piece f wrk is usually 6._________ integrated (整合的) whle f fur branches f Chinese art—petry, calligraphy, painting and seal-cutting.
　　Chinese paintings 7.__________(divide) int tw majr categries, free hand brushwrk (Xie Yi) and fine brushwrk (Gng Bi). The frmer is characterized by simple and bld strkes (筆畫) representing the exaggerated (夸張的) likeness f the bjects 8._________ the latter is dne by specific brushwrk and clse attentin t particulars. And it's difficult t tell hw lng the art f painting 9.__________(exist) in China. Pts frm 5，000-6，000 years ag were painted in clr with patterns f plants and animals, 10._________ reflected varius aspects f the life f primitive peple. These may be the beginnings f Chinese painting.【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國畫。
are divided
has existed
1．distinguishes　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。文章通篇是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語It是單數(shù)，因此空處應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)distinguishes。2．T attain　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表目的，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式。位于句首，首字母大寫。3．detailed　考查形容詞。空處修飾名詞draft，應(yīng)用形容詞detailed，意為“詳細(xì)的”。
4．nrmally　考查副詞?？仗幮揎梽?dòng)詞have t cmplete，應(yīng)用副詞nrmally，意為“通?！?。5．a(chǎn)re　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。主語painters是復(fù)數(shù)，且文章時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此空處應(yīng)用are。 6．a(chǎn)n　考查冠詞。whle是名詞，意為“整體”，是可數(shù)名詞，且表泛指，前面需加不定冠詞，integrated的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，因此用an。
7．a(chǎn)re divided　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句子表示“中國畫被分為兩大類”，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，be divided int是固定短語，意為“被分為”；主語paintings是復(fù)數(shù)且通篇時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此空處應(yīng)用are divided。8．a(chǎn)nd/while　考查連詞。根據(jù)前面的The frmer和后面的the latter可知，前后兩句是并列關(guān)系，空處表示“和”或“而”，應(yīng)用and或while。
9．has existed　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)語境可知，句子表示“很難說繪畫藝術(shù)在中國存在了多久”，空處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示已經(jīng)存在；主語the art f painting是單數(shù)，因此空處應(yīng)用has existed。10．which　考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，從句中缺少主語，先行詞是patterns f plants and animals，指物，因此用關(guān)系代詞which。
語法項(xiàng)目(二)　非謂語動(dòng)詞考法1　非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語[試做經(jīng)典]1．(2023·全國乙卷)As a phtgrapher, I have spent the last tw years _________(recrd) everything I discvered.recrding　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。spend sme time (in) ding sth.為固定搭配。
2．(2024·全國甲卷)Althugh parks f all sizes and types exist at any level, the natinal parks, in particular, tend _________(catch) ur attentin because f their large size and variety.t catch　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中已有謂語tend，此處應(yīng)填非謂語。tend t d sth.意為“往往會(huì)做某事”，為固定用法。
3．(2024·菏澤一模)He wanted _________(learn) mre abut China—an ancient civilizatin with a unique language, histry, literature and culture.t learn　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。want t d sth.意為“想要做某事”，空處缺少不定式作賓語。
4．(2024·廣東名校5月模擬)They reprted _____________(experience) headaches, depressin, nervusness and exhaustin.experiencing　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞reprt后用動(dòng)名詞作賓語，意為“報(bào)告做了或正在做某事”。
experiencing
5．(2024·岳陽質(zhì)檢)It's what everybdy deserves _________(have) in this wrld, in America and everywhere.t have　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。deserve t d sth.意為“值得做某事”，此處用不定式作賓語。
6．(2024·張家口一模)“If it helps t prmte lcal turism, I dn't mind _________(be) an nline celebrity，” Liu said during a previus interview.being　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞mind后用動(dòng)名詞作賓語，意為“介意做某事”。
7．(2024·阜陽3月質(zhì)檢)While sme peple helped pay fr the gas, Sivley never asked _______________(cmpensate) fr all his hard wrk!t be cmpensated　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。ask t d sth.意為“要求做某事”，又因?yàn)?Sivley與 cmpensate之間存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故此處用不定式的被動(dòng)形式作賓語。
t be cmpensated
8．(2024·淮北一模)Zhang Jun, wh is secretary-general f the event rganizing cmmittee, said the festival is cmmitted t _______________ (strengthen) internatinal film cultural exchanges and cperatin, prmting the develpment f the film industry, and fstering the prsperity f film creatin.strengthening　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。be cmmitted t ding sth.是固定短語，意為“致力于做某事”，故此處用動(dòng)名詞作賓語。
strengthening
9．(2024·鎮(zhèn)江4月學(xué)情調(diào)研)Even thugh in the past 2,000 years many changes have ccurred, libraries have kept their main purpse t be certain abut _________(give) the truth.giving　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。介詞abut后應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing 形式。
10．(2024·邵陽二模)The grund flr tends _________(use) as strage space fr firewd and farming equipment.t be used　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。tend t d sth.是固定搭配，意為“傾向于做某事、往往會(huì)做某事”，又因use與主語之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用不定式的被動(dòng)式。
11．(2024·婁底四模)Since then, Sa has devted herself t mastering the flk art frm learning frm Ma the techniques and skills used in perfrmances, attending perfrmances given by ther well-knwn singers, practicing singing Hua'er whenever pssible, t _________(study) its rigin and histry.studying　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。空格前面的t是介詞，與其前的第一個(gè)frm構(gòu)成“”結(jié)構(gòu)，故此處用動(dòng)名詞作賓語。
12．(2024·張家口一模)After graduating frm cllege, Liu chse _________(return) t wrk in his hmetwn f Yajiang cunty, where he became directr f the turism bureau in 2002.t return　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞chse后用不定式作賓語。
[技法點(diǎn)撥]1．提示詞是動(dòng)詞(1)若句中已有謂語，且設(shè)空處不是作并列謂語而是作介詞或動(dòng)詞(短語)的賓語時(shí)，應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞；(2)利用邏輯主語和所給提示詞的關(guān)系確定形式：主謂關(guān)系用ding/t d，動(dòng)賓關(guān)系用being dne/t be dne。
2．牢記非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語的固定結(jié)構(gòu)(1)介詞(如by、fr、f、with、withut、after等)之后加動(dòng)詞-ing 形式作賓語，注意“t”的身份識(shí)別；(2)常見只能跟不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞：hpe、wish、expect、agree、prmise、demand、ask、refuse、manage、learn、decide/determine、pretend、chse/select、plan、ffer、apply、fail、affrd、prepare、desire、happen等；
(3)常見只能跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞(短語)：enjy、cnsider、escape、avid、risk、appreciate、admit、mind、imagine、delay、allw、permit、finish、suggest、practise、 excuse、miss、g n、give up、put ff、be devted t、 insist n、 keep n、 succeed in、 be wrth等；(4)be busy ding sth.、have difficulty/truble/a hard time (in) ding sth.、spend sme time/mney/energy (in) ding sth.。
考法2　非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語和補(bǔ)語[試做經(jīng)典]1．(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅱ)_________(recall) watching a Chinese pera versin f Shakespeare's play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actrs wh came t Stratfrd a few years ag t perfrm parts f The Peny Pavilin, Edmndsn said, “It was very exciting t hear the Chinese language and see hw Tang's play was being perfrmed.”
Recalling　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此句已有謂語動(dòng)詞said，recall與邏輯主語Edmndsn之間是主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語。
2．(2023·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)N matter where I buy them, thugh, ne steamer basket is rarely enugh, yet tw seems greedy, and s I am always left _________(want) mre next time.wanting　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。leave sb.ding sth.意為“讓某人一直做某事”。
3．(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made f glass and aluminium (鋁).These sepals pen n warm days _________(give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.t give　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示目的，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式t give。
4．(2023·全國乙卷)_____________(visit) several times ver the last 10 years, I was amazed by the c-existence f ld and new, and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage (遺產(chǎn)) while cnstantly grwing.Having visited　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。結(jié)合句意及句中的狀語several times ver the last 10 years可知，visit所表示的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生多次，且發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前。
Having visited
5．(2024·浙江卷1月)The shelves in mst supermarkets are full f family-size this and multi-buy that. Hwever, if yu're shpping fr ne, buying extra _________(benefit) frm price reductins desn't make sense.t benefit　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)buying extra和frm price reductins可知，此處是指多買一些為了從降價(jià)中獲益，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。
6．(2023·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)Nanxiang aside, the best xia lng ba have a fine skin, allwing them _________(lift) ut f the steamer basket withut tearing r spilling any f their cntents.t be lifted　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞?？涨暗膖hem指代上文的xia lng ba，此處表示“小籠包被從蒸籠里拿出來”。them與lift之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，此處構(gòu)成allw sth.t be dne結(jié)構(gòu)。
t be lifted
7．(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅱ)Thse cultural elements have increased Stratfrd's internatinal visibility, said Edmndsn, adding that visitrs walking thrugh the Birthplace Garden were ften amazed _________(find) the cnnectin between the tw great writers.t find　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。be amazed t d sth.意為“對(duì)做某事感到驚訝”，是固定搭配， 其中動(dòng)詞不定式作原因狀語。
8．(2024·泰安一模)_________(lcate) n Beijing Rad, the blck hsts intangible cultural heritage displays and events.Lcated　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句已有謂語動(dòng)詞hsts，故空處動(dòng)詞作非謂語，且與句子主語the blck之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式作狀語，注意首字母大寫。
9．(2024·重慶模擬)Ms. Tait wre a wig (假發(fā)) fr the first year f high schl and her hair grew back, nly _________(fall) ut again after a year and a half. t fall　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意及空前的nly可知，此處為nly t d作結(jié)果狀語，表示出乎預(yù)料的結(jié)果。
10．(2024·梅州一模)In China, it is reprted that ver 40 vcatinal clleges and 80 universities have set up majrs in tea science r tea culture, with ver 3，000 graduates ____________(specialize) in tea prductin and art every year.specializing　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。介詞with后的賓語ver 3，000 graduates與specialize之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。
specializing
11．(2024·雅禮中學(xué)月考)He called n the natin _________(meet) peple's ever-grwing intellectual and cultural needs as well as t build greater cultural cnfidence and strength.t meet　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。call n sb. t d sth.是固定搭配，意為“號(hào)召某人做某事”，此處用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。
12．(2024·湖南5地調(diào)研)T make wildlife _________(prtect) better, the authrity has nt nly set the list f habitats but als published a list f wild animals under special cnservatin, listing 150 kinds f wild animals.prtected　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處為“make＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)，動(dòng)詞prtect和賓語wildlife之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。
13．T feed the eight billin peple n Earth, mst farmers tday are grwing nly species f plants that are easy _________(prduce) in large numbers.t prduce　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。形容詞后面常跟不定式作狀語，盡管t prduce和其邏輯主語plants之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，此處用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。
[技法點(diǎn)撥]　　2個(gè)技巧確定非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語1．邏輯關(guān)系分析法(1)若主語與所給提示詞是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系：表示目的，應(yīng)用t d；表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，應(yīng)用nly t d；表示時(shí)間/條件/原因/讓步/伴隨/自然而然的結(jié)果，應(yīng)用ding；(2)若主語與所給提示詞是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系：表示動(dòng)作還未發(fā)生，應(yīng)用t be dne；表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，應(yīng)用dne。
2．固定句型用法(1)主語＋be＋形容詞(easy、hard、interesting、pleasant、safe等)＋t d, 句子主語與不定式之間是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系；(2)t＋adj./adv.＋t d、adj./adv.＋enugh＋t d、s ＋adj./adv.＋as t d、such＋名詞＋as t d等結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式作結(jié)果狀語；(3)主語＋動(dòng)詞＋表示情緒的形容詞(excited、happy、anxius、satisfied、delighted、angry等)＋t d，不定式作原因狀語。
　　2個(gè)技巧確定非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語1．邏輯關(guān)系分析法(1)主語或賓語與所給提示詞是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系：ding/(t) d；(2)主語或賓語與提示詞是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系：被動(dòng)完成 dne；被動(dòng)將來t be dne；被動(dòng)進(jìn)行being dne。
2．固定搭配和句型法(1)t d作賓語補(bǔ)足語：allw、ask、beg、cmmand、encurage、expect、frbid、invite、persuade、tell等＋sb. t d sth.；　(2)用省略t的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞(短語)：“五”看；“三”使；“兩”聽；“一”感覺?！發(fā)k at/see/watch/ntice/bserve，make/let/have, hear/listen t, feel”＋sb.＋d sth.；注意：在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中作主語補(bǔ)足語要還原t，如be made t d。
(3)have sb./sth. ding意為“讓某人/某物一直做、允許/容許某人/某物做某事”；have sth. dne意為“使某事被做、遭遇某事”；have sth. t d意為“有某事要做”；have sb. d sth.意為“讓某人做某事”。
(4)with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)①“with＋賓語＋t d”，表示動(dòng)作還未發(fā)生；②“with＋賓語＋ding”，表示主動(dòng)、動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；③“with＋賓語＋dne”，表示被動(dòng)、動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。
考法3　非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語[試做經(jīng)典]1．(2023·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)Shanghai may be the ___________(recgnize) hme f the sup dumplings, but fd histrians will actually pint yu t the neighbring ancient canal twn f Nanxiang as xia lng ba's birthplace.recgnized　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處表示“得到認(rèn)可的小籠包的發(fā)源地”?？仗幵诰渲凶鞫ㄕZ，修飾名詞hme，且與hme之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式。
2．(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅱ)A statue cmmemrating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017.Tw years later, a six-meter-tall pavilin, _________(inspire) by The Peny Pavilin, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk frm Shakespeare's birthplace.inspired　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞；inspire與邏輯主語a six-meter-tall pavilin之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式作后置定語。
3．(2024·浙江卷1月)If yur supermarket sells lse prduce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last tw years, sme supermarkets have started selling chicken r salad in packs _________(design) with tw halves cntaining separate prtins (份).design　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，動(dòng)詞design和邏輯主語packs之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且動(dòng)作已完成，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式作后置定語。
4．(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)The latest _____________(engineer) techniques are applied t create this prtective functinal structure that is als beautiful.engineering　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。空處修飾空后的名詞techniques，在句中作定語，說明名詞的作用，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞engineering。
engineering
5．(2024·常州教育學(xué)會(huì)質(zhì)檢)Hwever, mre significantly, Mbappé has scred nine gals in Wrld Cups, becming the first player _________ (reach) that mark befre his 24th birthday. t reach　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞?？仗幮揎椕~player，作定語，名詞前面有the first修飾，一般用不定式作后置定語。
6．(2024·深圳一模)Meanwhile, he is als amazed by the mdern city ___________(cmbine) high-end businesses and varius industries.cmbining　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處為非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語，修飾前面的名詞city，因?yàn)槊~city和動(dòng)詞cmbine之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作定語。
7．(2024·常德3月模擬)Abslutely after all, wh culd miss ut the pprtunity _________(visit) such a remarkable seaside city and try ut sme f the best wine in all f China?t visit　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語，修飾pprtunity時(shí)應(yīng)用不定式形式。
8．(2024·華中師大附中押題卷)We dn't have relevant experience _________(refer) t, s we have t build the zne by ding ur research and explratin.t refer　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用不定式形式作定語，修飾experience。
9．(2024·紹興一模)The release f the new flavr is a part f the cmpany's effrt _________(attract) new Gen Z cnsumers.t attract　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處為非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語，修飾effrt，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式。
10．(2024·寧波一模)While witnessing the prcess f bamb gradually turning int bamb silk and pt brushes, she culdn't cntain her _________(surprise) expressin.surprised　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意可知，空處應(yīng)用形容詞化的過去分詞，修飾空后的名詞expressin，表示“感到驚訝的”，應(yīng)用surprised。
11．(2024·金華十校一模)That's enugh water _________(fill) the Reflecting Pl n the Natinal Mall abut 1,600 times.t fill　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在句中作非謂語，表將來，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式形式作定語。
12．(2024·菏澤一模)It is widely acknwledged that China's great develpment is ne f the reasns fr the _________(grw) ppularity f Chinese bks.grwing　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處修飾ppularity，應(yīng)用形容詞化的現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，grwing意為“增長的”，符合題意。
[技法點(diǎn)撥]1．邏輯關(guān)系解題法——ding/being dne/t d/t be dne/dne(1)表示被修飾詞的用途，用ding，如sleeping train；(2)表示心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式的形容詞，意為“令人……的”；(3)動(dòng)詞-ed形式的形容詞，意為“(人)感到……的”，也可修飾體現(xiàn)內(nèi)心感受的lk、expressin、tears、smile、vice等名詞；
(4)被修飾詞與所給提示詞是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系：①表示將來用t d；②表示現(xiàn)在用ding。(5)被修飾詞與所給提示詞是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系：①表示完成用dne; ②表示將來用t be dne; ③表示正在進(jìn)行用being dne。
2．提示詞解題法——t d(1)名詞被the first/secnd等序數(shù)詞、the last/nly/next/right/形容詞最高級(jí)修飾，且與提示詞是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系；(2)被修飾的名詞的同源動(dòng)詞用不定式作賓語：plan、prmise、wish、intentin、hpe、failure、attempt等；(3)被修飾的名詞的同源形容詞用不定式作狀語：ability、anxiety、eagerness、determinatin、patience、willingness等；(4)被修飾的名詞是chance、pprtunity、pwer、strength、struggle、right、idea、measure、effrt等。
考法4　非謂語動(dòng)詞作主語和表語[試做經(jīng)典]1．(2022·浙江卷1月)_______________(travel) t cnferences, lectures, wrkshps, and the like—frequently by plane—is viewed as imprtant fr scientists t get tgether and exchange infrmatin. Travelling　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，謂語動(dòng)詞為is viewed，空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語，單詞位于句首，首字母應(yīng)大寫。
2．(2022·新高考全國卷Ⅰ改編)The GPNP's main gal is _________ (imprve) cnnectivity between separate ppulatins and hmes f giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level f ppulatin in the wild. t imprve　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。表示“目標(biāo)”的詞匯，如aim、gal、target等作主語時(shí)，通常用動(dòng)詞不定式作表語。
3．On ur way t the huse, it was raining s hard that we culdn't help wndering hw lng it wuld take _________(get) there.t get　考查固定句型。It takes (＋sb.) ＋sme time＋t d sth.為固定句型。
4．It is, therefre, urgent _________(update) ur curricula by intrducing the recent develpments in the relevant fields.t update　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中it為形式主語，真正的主語應(yīng)由動(dòng)詞不定式充當(dāng)。
5．It's n use _________(try) t persuade him t have a hliday because he is facing a challenge.trying　考查固定句型?！癐t's n use ding...”意為“做……是無用的”。
6．(2024·濟(jì)南二模)Despite being very busy at times, Chung is _________(excite) t earn mney n his wn, and it has als bsted his self-cnfidence.excited　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞?？仗幾鞅碚Z，應(yīng)用形容詞化的過去分詞形式，表示人的感受。
7．(2024·福建4月聯(lián)考)The prcess can be very _________(bre). Only when practising basic mvements again and again can ne finally reach the standard.bring　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。be動(dòng)詞后需用形容詞化的現(xiàn)在分詞作表語，修飾prcess，表示“令人……的”，應(yīng)用bring。
8．(2024·重慶第二次聯(lián)合診斷)“I believe that yu will see an ancient yet mdern, an pen and prgressing cuntry，” said Xu, citing Cnfucius' saying that “Hw _________(delight) we are t have friends cming frm afar.”delighted　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)Hw和we are可知，空處需用形容詞化的過去分詞作表語，修飾人，delighted意為“感到高興的”符合句意。
9．(2024·溫州一模)That's where seed banks cme in, and their gal is ____________(preserve) as many plant species as pssible.t preserve　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意可知，空處表目的，應(yīng)用不定式作表語。
[技法點(diǎn)撥]1．非謂語動(dòng)詞作主語(1)句中缺少主語，找到句子的謂語部分，確定應(yīng)用ding/t d作主語；(2)表示抽象的、習(xí)慣性的或經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作用ding，表示具體某一次的動(dòng)作用t d；
(3)掌握用ding/t d作主語的句型：①It's＋adj.(hard/difficult/easy/pssible/kind等)(＋fr/f sb.) ＋t d sth.；②It's n use/n gd/fun/a pleasure/n pleasure/a waste f time ding sth.；③It takes (＋sb.)＋sme time/mney＋t d sth.；④It's wrthwhile ding/t d sth.。
2．非謂語動(dòng)詞作表語空前是系動(dòng)詞(be、get、feel、seem等)時(shí)，根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)確定用不定式或分詞作表語。(1)現(xiàn)在分詞作表語修飾物，意為“令人感到……的”；(2)過去分詞作表語修飾人，意為“(人)感到……的”；(3)不定式作表語，表示將來或目的。
Test 1　　(2024·濟(jì)寧二模)A new adaptatin f Chinese mythlgical stries has wn the heart f audiences with its distinctive style. The animatin (動(dòng)畫) series, Ya—Chinese Flktales, 1.____________(gain) mre than 110 millin views nline since it was released.
　　The series is 2._________ cllectin f 20-minute shrt films, cnsisting f eight separate stries 3._________(feature) mnster-like characters, r Ya in Chinese.The cllectin, 4._________ ranges frm ancient stries t science fictin, frm emtinal cnnectin with hmetwns t rmantic lve 5._________ frm life themes t questins fr humanity, presents Chinese culture and philsphy. Fr example, the first episde, named “Nbdy”， tells a pig mnster's stry 6._________ (base) n the classic Chinese nvel Jurney t the West. The creative team put the perspective n the little mnsters wh used t have blurry faces and didn't even have names in the stry.
　　Li Za, general prducer, said it was impssible7._________(predict) what the eventual utcme wuld be at first. Nw, the 8._________(favr) cmments exceeded the expectatins f the creative team. These cntained bth the audience's 9.___________(recgnize) f the wrk and their hpes f Chinese animatin. Besides adapting 10._____ the taste f the masses, the team als wanted t guide them t appreciate different types f wrk.【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。中國神話故事《中國奇譚》的新改編以其獨(dú)特的風(fēng)格贏得了觀眾的喜愛。
1．has gained　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語從句“since it was released”可知，此處應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主語The animatin series為單數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞用has。2．a(chǎn)　考查冠詞。根據(jù)句意可知，空處表示泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞；且空后cllectin的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，故應(yīng)用a。3．featuring　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞?？仗帪榉侵^語動(dòng)詞，與邏輯主語stries之間為主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作后置定語。
4．which　考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代先行詞The cllectin，為物，且在從句中充當(dāng)主語，故應(yīng)用which。5．a(chǎn)nd　考查連詞。根據(jù)句意可知，空處應(yīng)為并列連詞連接三個(gè)并列的成分，應(yīng)用and。6．based　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞?？仗帪榉侵^語動(dòng)詞，與邏輯主語a stry之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式作后置定語。
7．t predict　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，it為形式主語，空處應(yīng)為不定式作真正的主語。8．favrable　考查形容詞?？仗幮揎椕~cmments，應(yīng)用形容詞。9．recgnitin　考查名詞?？涨盀樗懈駎he audience's，故空處應(yīng)為名詞。10．t　考查固定搭配?！癮dapt t...”為固定搭配，意為“適應(yīng)……”。
Test 2　　(2024·湛江二模)Unless yu're actually in sales, the very cncept f selling yurself during a jb interview can be frightening. Yu dn't want t sund arrgant (傲慢的), r wrse, desperate. But learning hw t be a self-prmter in 1.______ cnvincing manner is what the jb interview is all abut. The fllwing tips can help yu clse the sale n a jb ffer.
　　Dress 2.____________(apprpriate). Many hiring managers will frm their first impressin f yu 3._________(base) n what yu're wearing. The right interview clthing 4._________(depend) n the cmpany yu are applying fr and the culture f the 5._____________(rganize).　　Ask unique questins. The secret f distinguishing yurself 6._______ ther jb candidates is simple: Ask gd questins 7._________ are valuable t the cmpany. These pinted, yet uncmmn questins mark yu as an in-depth, curius, persistent researcher.
apprpriately
　　Prepare meaningful anecdtes (軼事). N matter 8.___________ industry yu're in, yu can expect 9._____________(ask) behaviral jb interview questins. Nrmally, these questins require yu t cme up with examples frm yur past wrk experiences. Unfrtunately, this is 　　where a lt f jb seekers stumble (支吾).T craft a fascinating anecdte, experts recmmend 10._________(use) real feedback t highlight yur cntributin. 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾個(gè)可以幫助你獲得工作機(jī)會(huì)的建議。
1．a(chǎn)　考查冠詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處修飾名詞manner，表泛指，且cnvincing的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，應(yīng)用不定冠詞a。2．a(chǎn)pprpriately　考查副詞?？仗幮揎梽?dòng)詞Dress，作狀語，應(yīng)用副詞apprpriately，意為“合適地”。3．based　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子已有謂語動(dòng)詞will frm，所以空處應(yīng)填非謂語動(dòng)詞，且此處動(dòng)詞base與其邏輯主語impressin 之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞based表被動(dòng)。
4．depends　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。本句描述的是一般事實(shí)，所以空處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語The right interview clthing為單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。5．rganizatin　考查名詞?？仗幱啥ü谠~the修飾，應(yīng)填名詞。6．frm　考查固定搭配?！啊睘楣潭ù钆洌鉃椤皡^(qū)分……與……”。7．that/which　考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，指代先行詞questins，指物，并在從句中充當(dāng)主語，所以用關(guān)系代詞that或which。

相關(guān)課件

2025屆高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)與測(cè)試專題四語法填空第三講冠詞代詞介詞短語數(shù)詞及連詞課件：

這是一份2025屆高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)與測(cè)試專題四語法填空第三講冠詞代詞介詞短語數(shù)詞及連詞課件，共60頁。PPT課件主要包含了the，The，what，learning，was listed，applied，to use，roofs，restored，with等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。

專題四 語法填空 第1講　有提示詞類——?jiǎng)釉~ 課件-2024年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)：

這是一份專題四 語法填空 第1講　有提示詞類——?jiǎng)釉~ 課件-2024年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)，共60頁。PPT課件主要包含了內(nèi)容索引，第1講，有提示詞類動(dòng)詞，will feel，featured，has，to return，intended，to journey，Built等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。

高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題四第一講提示詞為動(dòng)詞課件：

這是一份高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題四第一講提示詞為動(dòng)詞課件，共9頁。PPT課件主要包含了專題四 語法填空，研高考·辨考向，續(xù)上表，類型一　有提示詞類，第一講　提示詞為動(dòng)詞，答案means，答案said，答案is，答案had，答案sell等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。

英語朗讀寶

相關(guān)課件 更多

2023高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)與測(cè)試專題四第一講提示詞為動(dòng)詞課件

2023高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)與測(cè)試專題四第一講提示詞為動(dòng)詞課件
2023高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)與測(cè)試專題四第二講詞形轉(zhuǎn)換課件

2023高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)與測(cè)試專題四第二講詞形轉(zhuǎn)換課件
高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)課件 策略一 第一講 謂語動(dòng)詞——?jiǎng)釉~的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)與主謂一致

高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)課件 策略一 第一講 謂語動(dòng)詞——?jiǎng)釉~的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)與主謂一致
(新高考)高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)課件 專題四 語法填空(含解析)

(新高考)高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)課件 專題四 語法填空(含解析)
資料下載及使用幫助
版權(quán)申訴
版權(quán)申訴
若您為此資料的原創(chuàng)作者，認(rèn)為該資料內(nèi)容侵犯了您的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)，請(qǐng)掃碼添加我們的相關(guān)工作人員，我們盡可能的保護(hù)您的合法權(quán)益。
入駐教習(xí)網(wǎng)，可獲得資源免費(fèi)推廣曝光，還可獲得多重現(xiàn)金獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，申請(qǐng) 精品資源制作， 工作室入駐。
版權(quán)申訴二維碼
高考專區(qū)
歡迎來到教習(xí)網(wǎng)
  • 900萬優(yōu)選資源，讓備課更輕松
  • 600萬優(yōu)選試題，支持自由組卷
  • 高質(zhì)量可編輯，日均更新2000+
  • 百萬教師選擇，專業(yè)更值得信賴
微信掃碼注冊(cè)
qrcode
二維碼已過期
刷新

微信掃碼，快速注冊(cè)

手機(jī)號(hào)注冊(cè)
手機(jī)號(hào)碼

手機(jī)號(hào)格式錯(cuò)誤

手機(jī)驗(yàn)證碼 獲取驗(yàn)證碼

手機(jī)驗(yàn)證碼已經(jīng)成功發(fā)送，5分鐘內(nèi)有效

設(shè)置密碼

6-20個(gè)字符，數(shù)字、字母或符號(hào)

注冊(cè)即視為同意教習(xí)網(wǎng)「注冊(cè)協(xié)議」及「隱私條款」
QQ注冊(cè)
手機(jī)號(hào)注冊(cè)
微信注冊(cè)

注冊(cè)成功

返回
頂部