話題8　生命的意義與價(jià)值【高考英語】一輪復(fù)習(xí)：話題高考題型練(課件+練習(xí))-課件下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

(2024·山東淄博統(tǒng)考三模)When Zhi Yueying，then 19，went t the remte Niyang village in Yichun city，Jiangxi Prvince，t wrk as a village teacher in 1980，villagers were dubtful if she was ging t stay lng.Over the past fur decades，Zhi has devted herself t rural educatin.She is a recipient f Tuching China awards that recgnize the mst inspiring rle mdels in 2016.She was als awarded as a mdel pverty fighter by the gvernment.Zhi has a prfund understanding f the imprtance f educatin in the muntains.Over the years，she has taught the students and cared fr them，since many f them were “l(fā)eft－behind” children whse parents migrated t ther places t wrk.Mre than 1，000 students f hers have left the muntain area，and created a better life fr themselves.
Lcated amid the muntains，the village was very pr and far frm any twn.Villagers had t hike in the muntains.“I arrived at the schl in an early evening，and was shcked.I had knwn the cnditins were pr，but the reality was wrse.” Mrever，lcal peple needed t g dwnhill t buy daily necessities，and transprt them back in their hands r balanced acrss their shulders.“I had never walked uphill n a muntain rad befre，s I walked much mre slwly than thers.Smetimes I walked slwly behind t much and was scared t tears，” says Zhi.Smetimes she had t walk uphill by herself with a flashlight at night.The wild bars and rabbits smetimes frightened her and she enhanced her curage by singing ludly.
But she gradually gt used t her life there.At the beginning，she fund many lcal peple valued their sns far mre than their daughters，and wuld nt like t let them attend schl.Zhi went t their hmes repeatedly and gradually persuaded them t send all their children t schl.Fr thse wh culd nt affrd the tuitin，she spared her wn mney t help.Zhi says seeing her students d well beynd the muntains is deeply rewarding.“My dream，the same as befre，is t stay by the side f mre children.I knw pverty will frever say gdbye t the muntainus villages，t my students，and t myself，” says Zhi.【語篇解讀】　本文是新聞報(bào)道。文章講述了在江西山區(qū)中做鄉(xiāng)村教師的支月英的故事，過去的四十年中她一直致力于鄉(xiāng)村教育，悉心教育并照顧學(xué)生，做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。
1.Why did Zhi chse t stay lng in the muntains?
A.She was a village was a Tuching China awards was shcked by the pr living was aware f the significance f rural educatin.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Over the past fur decades，Zhi has devted herself t rural educatin.”和“Zhi has a prfund understanding f the imprtance f educatin in the muntains.”可知，支月英選擇長(zhǎng)期待在山里是因?yàn)樗庾R(shí)到了鄉(xiāng)村教育的重要性。
2.What is Paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A.The reasns fr their ways f buying daily tugh situatins in the descriptin f Zhi’s teaching experience.解析段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“Lcated amid the muntains，the village was very them back in their hands r balanced acrss their shulders.”可知，山里的村莊地理位置偏僻，條件很差，人們生活非常不便。因此，第三段主要是描繪山里艱苦的環(huán)境。
3.What can we learn abut Zhi Yueying?
A.She has a sense f enjys living in has changed the lcal likes challenges in teaching.解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Zhi says seeing her students d well beynd the muntains is deeply rewarding.”可知，支月英對(duì)于自己教育的成果感到很滿意，很有成就感。
4.What is a suitable title fr the text?
A.A Life－changing LessnB.A Cntributr t Rural EducatinC.The Teaching Experience in MuntainsD.The Current Situatin f Rural Educatin解析標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章講述了在江西山區(qū)中做鄉(xiāng)村教師的支月英的故事，過去的四十年中她一直致力于鄉(xiāng)村教育，做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。由此可知，B項(xiàng)“鄉(xiāng)村教育的貢獻(xiàn)者”符合文章大意，適合作為標(biāo)題。
(2024·山東日照統(tǒng)考三模)A new wearable device that wraps arund yur finger like a plaster can harvest sweat while yu sleep and use it t generate electricity，accrding t the develpers frm University f Califrnia，San Dieg.Mst pwer－prducing wearable devices require wearers t perfrm intense exercise r depend n external surces such as sunlight r large changes in temperature.But the new strip uses a passive system t generate electricity frm sweat in yur fingertips，even if yu are sleeping r sitting cmpletely still.This is because the fingertips are the sweatiest part f the bdy.S，thanks t a smart spnge material，this can be cllected and prcessed by cnductrs.
The energy harvester prduces small amunts f electricity when the wearer presses dwn r starts t sweat，r frm light finger tapping.It des this by cnverting activities like typing，texting，r playing the pian int extra charge.Fingertips have ne f the highest cncentratins f sweat grands in the bdy，with each finger prducing between 100 and 1，000 times mre sweat than mst ther areas，accrding t the researchers.C－first authr dctral student Mr.Bin said，“The reasn why we feel sweatier n ther parts f the bdy is that thse spts are nt well ventilated (通風(fēng)的).By cntrast，the fingertips are always expsed t air，s the sweat evaprates as it cmes ut.S rather than letting it evaprate，we use ur device t cllect this sweat，and it can generate a significant amunt f energy.”
The device is equipped with electrical cnductrs r electrdes (電極) made frm a carbn fam，which absrbs any finger sweat.Enzymes (酶) n the electrdes then cause chemical sweat mlecules t generate electricity.The device nly stres up a little bit pwer at the mment，and wuld take abut three weeks f cnstant wear t pwer a smart phne，but the researchers hpe t increase capacity in future.【語篇解讀】　本文是說明文。研發(fā)人員發(fā)明了一種新型的可穿戴設(shè)備，該設(shè)備可以像膏藥一樣纏在手指上，在你睡覺時(shí)收集汗水，并利用它來發(fā)電。
5.Hw is the new device different frm ther wearables?
A.It is cst－effective.B.It is harmless t requires n exercise.D.It prduces electricity.解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Mst pwer－prducing wearable device require if yu are sleeping r sitting cmpletely still.”可知，這種設(shè)備即使是在你不運(yùn)動(dòng)的情況下，也可以從你指尖的汗液中發(fā)電。
6.What des the underlined wrd “evaprates” in paragraph 5 mean?
A.Changes int a gas.B.Freezes in the t the grund.D.Becmes bigger in amunt.解析詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線單詞上一句的“The reasn why we feel sweatier n ther parts f the bdy is that thse spts are nt well ventilated (通風(fēng)的).”可推斷，該句話的意思是我們身體的其他部位出汗多是因?yàn)槟切┎课徊煌L(fēng)。而對(duì)比之下，“the fingertips are always expsed t air(指尖總是暴露在空氣中)”可推測(cè)，指尖沒有多少汗水，由此推斷，指尖沒有汗水是因?yàn)楹顾怀鰜砭驼舭l(fā)了。所以畫線單詞的意思為“蒸發(fā)”。選項(xiàng)A“Changes int a gas.(變成氣體)”符合該意思。
7.What is the disadvantage f the device?
A.It is extremely small in is very difficult t has a very limited pwer relies much n temperature changes.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“The device nly stres up a little bit pwer at the the researchers hpe t increase capacity in future.”可知，該設(shè)備的容量不夠大。
8.Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A.Sweaty FingertipsB.Pwer frm FingertipsC.An Electrical CnductrD.A Rechargeable Device解析標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“A new wearable device that wraps arund yur it t generate electricity”以及整篇文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了一種新型的可穿戴設(shè)備，該設(shè)備可以佩戴在手指上并收集汗水，用來發(fā)電。所以“Pwer frm Fingertips”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。
Our past experiences shape ur future.It is a saying that resnates (共鳴) with me every single day and this has been a great 1 frm my frmative years，which 2 me t apply fr the jb as a cashier at the mini supermarket as a teenager after my final year in high schl.As a cashier，timeliness was a very 3 factr that was a must fr me t stick t.I gt t plan ut my days well as sn as I 4 the jb s that my clcking in and clcking ut was always n time since 5 t it wuld make the whle wrk system in the stre wrng.This makes sure that I d my activities 6 and d them thrughly.
As much as the experience was enlightening and satisfactry，it had its 7 —inability t 8 a scial grup with my peers (同齡人) and having free time with my family was 9 .On Sundays，all I wanted was t be well rested befre my 10 started the next day.Sme memrable activities in my teenage life 11 me by as I was ften busy with wrk.This 12 me that I had t priritize and find time t relax after wrking s that my prductivity wuld 13 .Taking my first 14 is the best chice I have ever made.But fr this great pprtunity，I wuld nt have 15 thse qualities that greatly influenced my life.【語篇解讀】　本文是夾敘夾議文。作者高中畢業(yè)后的第一份工作對(duì)他產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響，使作者深刻理解了“我們過去的經(jīng)歷塑造了我們的未來”。
B.mttC.decisin D.wish解析 A.intentin意圖;B.mtt座右銘，格言；C.decisin決定；D.wish希望。分析句子可知，本句中this指代上文“Our past experiences shape ur future.”這句話，這是一句格言。 B.frcedC.expected D.pushed解析 A.invited邀請(qǐng)；B.frced強(qiáng)迫；C.expected期待；D.pushed推動(dòng)，逼迫。分析句子可知，本句中which指代先行詞mtt，因此是這句座右銘推動(dòng)著我找到了收銀員的工作。
B.rughC.vital D.randm解析 A.vague含糊的，不清楚的；B.rugh粗糙的，粗魯?shù)?；C.vital至關(guān)重要的；D.randm隨機(jī)的。根據(jù)下文“I gt t plan ut my days well as sn wuld make the whle wrk system in the stre wrng.”可知，時(shí)間對(duì)我來說非常重要。 up B.tk nC.picked ut D.tk up解析 A.picked up撿起，接某人，偶然學(xué)會(huì)；B.tk n呈現(xiàn)；C.picked ut挑出，辨認(rèn)出；D.tk up拿起，開始從事。根據(jù)上文“pushed me t apply fr the jb as a cashier”可知，我開始從事這個(gè)工作。
B.failureC.admissin D.pressure解析 A.invitatin邀請(qǐng)；B.failure失?。籆.admissin錄取，承認(rèn)；D.pressure壓力。根據(jù)下文“wuld make the whle wrk system in the stre wrng”可知，如果我打卡失敗，會(huì)造成整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的癱瘓。 chance B.in a hurryC.n time D.at all csts解析 A.by chance偶然，意外；B.in a hurry匆忙；C.n time準(zhǔn)時(shí)，按時(shí)；D.at all csts不惜一切代價(jià)。根據(jù)上文“I gt t plan ut my days well as sn system in the stre wrng.”可知，這種工作性質(zhì)確保我會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成我的事情。
B.shrtcmingsC.techniques D.statements解析 A.privileges特權(quán)；B.shrtcmings缺點(diǎn)，不足之處；C.techniques技術(shù)；D.statements聲明，陳述。根據(jù)下文“inability t a scial grup with my peers (同齡人)”中的inability “無能，不能”可知，這項(xiàng)工作也有不好的地方。 B.quitC.bradcast D.create解析 A.reprt報(bào)告；B.quit放棄；C.bradcast廣播；D.create創(chuàng)造。根據(jù)此空賓語“a scial grup with my peers”，以及上文inability可知，此處意為“因?yàn)檫@個(gè)工作，我不能形成一個(gè)同齡人團(tuán)體”。
B.ppularC.essential D.dull解析 A.rare稀有的；B.ppular流行的；C.essential重要的；D.dull無聊的。根據(jù)上文“As much as the experience was enlightening and satisfactry，it had its ”可知，此處描述的是這份工作的缺點(diǎn)，因此是很少有時(shí)間和家人待在一起。 B.changeC.wait D.fame解析 A.shift輪值的班；B.change改變；C.wait等待；D.fame名聲。根據(jù)上文“As much as the experience was enlightening and satisfactry，it had its ”可知，此處在繼續(xù)描述這份工作的缺點(diǎn)，因此是周日要在第二天輪班之前好好休息。
B.sentC.called D.passed解析 A.hit碰撞，打；B.sent發(fā)送；C.called稱呼；D.passed經(jīng)過，走過。根據(jù)上文“On Sundays，all I wanted was t be well rested befre my started the next day.”可知，青少年的我為了工作一直在忙碌，因此錯(cuò)過了很多活動(dòng)。pass by意為“經(jīng)過，走過”。 B.btheredC.taught D.warned解析 A.wrried擔(dān)心，擔(dān)憂；B.bthered打擾；C.taught教；D.warned警告。根據(jù)上文“Sme memrable activities in my teenage life me by as I was ften busy with wrk.”可知，我青少年時(shí)期為了工作錯(cuò)過了很多活動(dòng)，而這些經(jīng)驗(yàn)教會(huì)了我要給事情分優(yōu)先級(jí)。
B.simplifyC.increase D.vary解析 A.disappear消失；B.simplify簡(jiǎn)化；C.increase增加；D.vary變化。根據(jù)上文“This me that I had t priritize and find time t relax after wrking”可知，我分清事情的優(yōu)先級(jí)并找時(shí)間放松，會(huì)提高我的工作效率。 B.prizeC.pprtunity D.step解析 A.curse課程；B.prize獎(jiǎng)；C.pprtunity機(jī)會(huì)；D.step步驟。根據(jù)上文“This me that I had t priritize and find time t relax after wrking s that my prductivity wuld .”可知，作者在此處應(yīng)用了比喻手法，將之前的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)比喻為“人生中的課”。
B.guaranteedC.misunderstd D.discvered解析 A.advcated提倡，主張；B.guaranteed保證；C.misunderstd誤解；D.discvered發(fā)現(xiàn)。分析句子可知，本句賓語是“thse qualities that greatly influenced my life”，因此應(yīng)和“發(fā)現(xiàn)”搭配。
(2024·江蘇省百校高三第三次聯(lián)考)Ecnmic and trade ties between China and cuntries alng the Belt and Rad 1. (grw) significantly ver the past decade.Prpsed by China in 2013，the Belt and Rad Initiative refers 2. the Silk Rad Ecnmic Belt and the 2lst Century Maritime Silk Rad.China’s trade in gds with Belt and Rad cuntries dubled 3. $1.04 trillin in 2013 t $2.07 trillin in 2022，with 4. average annual grwth rate f 8 percent，Chen，assistant minister f cmmerce，said at a news cnference.By the end f 2022，Chinese enterprises had invested $57.13 billin in ecnmic and trade cperatin zne cuntries alng the Belt and Rad，5. helped create 421，000 jbs fr lcal residents.
6. (g) ahead，China will expand imprts f quality gds，imprve its tw－way investment structure 7. cnclude free trade agreements with mre cuntries alng the Belt and Rad.China will 8. (active) negtiate and sign bilateral (雙邊的) cperatin agreements n green develpment，digital ecnmy and blue ecnmy cuntries alng the Belt and Rad.China will als strengthen cperatin with cuntries alng the Belt and Rad in areas including pverty 9. (reduce)，health and educatin，and initiate mre “small but beautiful” 10. (prject)t enhance lcal peple’s sense f accmplishment，Chen said.
【語篇解讀】　本文是新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了過去十年來中國(guó)與一帶一路共建國(guó)家的經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系顯著發(fā)展。1.have grwn [考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。空處在句子中作謂語，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語ver the past decade可知，句子表達(dá)的是一個(gè)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語Ecnmic and trade ties是復(fù)數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞用have。故填have grwn。]2.t [考查介詞。refer t為固定短語，含義為：指的是，與句子表達(dá)的含義一致，故填t。]
3.frm [考查介詞。根據(jù)下文兩個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)“$1.04 trillin in 2013 t $2.07 trillin in 2022(2013年的1.04萬億美元增至2022年的2.07萬億美元)”可知此處表達(dá)的是“從……到……”，故填frm。]4.an [考查冠詞?？仗幒竺鏋槊~作賓語，根據(jù)名詞的用法，名詞前需使用不定冠詞表示“一個(gè)”含義，因average的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，故填an。]5.which [考查定語從句。本句是一個(gè)包含非限制性定語從句的復(fù)合句，先行詞是整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容，從句缺少主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which，故填which。]6. Ging [考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。空處在句子中作狀語，應(yīng)使用非謂語動(dòng)詞，因與其邏輯主語China之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，使用現(xiàn)在分詞，故填Ging。]
7.and [考查并列連詞?？仗幒竺娴膭?dòng)詞cnclude與上文expand和imprve為并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用并列連詞，故填and。]8.actively [考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換?？仗幵诰渥又凶鳡钫Z修飾動(dòng)詞negtiate and sign，應(yīng)使用副詞，故填actively。]9.reductin [考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。空處在句子中作賓語，應(yīng)使用名詞，pverty reductin “減貧”，故填reductin。]10.prjects [考查名詞的數(shù)。空處在句子中作賓語，應(yīng)使用名詞，根據(jù)空處前面的形容詞mre可知空處應(yīng)填名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填prjects。]

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