話題7　優(yōu)秀品行及公民義務(wù)【高考英語(yǔ)】一輪復(fù)習(xí)：話題高考題型練(課件+練習(xí))-課件下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

(2024·浙江省Z20名校聯(lián)盟第三次聯(lián)考)Inspired by his mentr Luis Sullivan，an influential figure in the wrld f mdernist architecture，F(xiàn)rank Llyd Wright cined the term “rganic architecture” arund 1908.Rather than imitating nature r rganic elements within the natural wrld，rganic architecture is mre cncerned with re－interpretatin f nature and harmny between the rganic and the built envirnment.It ensures that the individual elements within buildings are put tgether t reflect the rder within nature.Here are 4 f the mst striking examples.
Casa MilàLcatin：Barcelna，SpainYear f cmpletin：1910Architect：Antni GaudiCnsidered the greatest expnent f Catalan Mdernism，Antni Gaudi was devted t nature and the Cathlic religin.While he riginally intended this rganic building t have a religius purpse，it is nw an apartment building.True t the rganic style，it features the shape f hneycmb that seemingly emerges frm the earth.
Learning Hub at Nanyang Technlgical University (NTU)Lcatin：SingapreYear f cmpletin：2015Architect：Thmas HeatherwickEarning the nicknames “dim sum basket building” and “the Hive”，the Learning Hub cnsists f 12 eight－strey twers arranged arund a public atrium.The rganic nature f the building extends t its interir with features like gardens that are intended t encurage scial interactins and study amng students.
Falling WaterLcatin：Mill Run，PennsylvaniaYear f cmpletin：1939Architect：Frank Llyd WrightA classic f mdernism and rganic architecture，F(xiàn)alling Water sits n tp f a waterfall.Frank Llyd Wright designed it fr the Kaufmann family wh—thugh they had riginally hped fr a view f the waterfall—came t lve the hme.
East Beach CaféLcatin：Littlehamptn，UKYear f cmpletin：2007Architect：Thmas HeatherwickLcated in a seaside area with an industrial histry，East Beach Café resembles (像) a piece f driftwd.Frty meters lng，seven meters wide and five meters high，it initially plarised lcals，but has since been well－received by the whle cmmunity.It was the first building fr Thmas Heatherwick wh previusly was better knwn as a sculptr.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四座著名的有機(jī)建筑的情況。
1.Which building has the lngest histry?
A.Casa Milà.B.Learning Hub at Water.D.East Beach Café.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，Casa Milà完成于1910年；Learning Hub at Nanyang Technlgical University (NTU) 完成于2015年；Falling Water完成于1939年；East Beach Café完成于2007年。故Casa Milà的歷史最悠久。
2.What can we learn abut East Beach Café？
A.It remains flating n the serves t encurage scial was nt accepted by all the lcals was riginally intended fr a particular family.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)East Beach Café部分中“Frty meters lng，seven meters the whle cmmunity.”可知，它最初讓當(dāng)?shù)厝藘蓸O分化，但后來(lái)受到了整個(gè)社區(qū)的歡迎，故可知起初并不是所有的當(dāng)?shù)厝硕冀邮蹺ast Beach Café。
3.Which f the fllwing magazines is the text prbably taken frm?
A.Natural Wrld. B.Architectural Gardening. D.Extrardinary Figures.解析文章出處題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了有機(jī)建筑，關(guān)注有機(jī)環(huán)境與建筑環(huán)境中人與自然的和諧，并列舉了四座著名的建筑來(lái)說(shuō)明，可推知“建筑文摘”可能是本文的來(lái)源。
(2024·湖南常德市一中模擬預(yù)測(cè))“I saw it first，” Amy said，as she ripped the ld leather wallet ut f Charlie’s hands.Withut saying a wrd，as if they bth understd that this was a secret they didn’t want t share with anyne，they slipped int the alley，where n ne culd see them lk inside.“There’s gt t be a millin dllars here！”Charlie blurted ut，when they saw the pile f hundred－dllar bills.Amy，the mre realistic f the tw，did a quick estimate，thumbing thrugh the wad f cash.“Mre like thusands，” she said，her vice shaking in disbelief.
They’d fund the wallet in a flwerbed by the sidewalk，when Charlie drpped his cell phne while he was trying t talk and eat a slice f pepperni pizza at the same time.Amy stuffed the wallet int her backpack and pulled Charlie alng by his elbw tward her huse.As they rushed tward Vicery Avenue，they talked excitedly abut what they culd d with the mney—buy gifts fr parents and friends，get new clthes，travel t the rainfrest in Csta Rica，and adpt a whale.It lked like all f their dreams wuld cme true.Fr the last blck，hwever，they didn’t talk.Each began t suspect that the ther ne was silently adding t the list f things they culd buy.
They finally reached Amy’s huse，but instead f ging inside，they walked arund the huse t the back prch.They pened the wallet and cunted the mney int piles f ten.The ttal was $2，400—mre mney than either f them had ever seen.Then they bth started talking at nce，“I wnder wh lst it.” Their mds shifted，sinking frm the high f being rich fr fifteen minutes t resigning themselves t what they must d next.Fr in the wallet’s clear plastic cmpartment，there was a driver’s license.They knew what they had t d.Althugh they wuld lse their newly－fund treasure，in a way，they felt relieved.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是記敘文。文章講述了Amy和Charlie在花壇里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)有幾千美元的錢包，兩人把錢包拿走，暢想利用這筆錢做什么，后來(lái)兩人還是決定把錢包還給失主，讓自己放下心理負(fù)擔(dān)。
4.Where did Amy and Charlie find the wallet?
A.In an alley.B.In a sme flwers.D.On the sidewalk.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“They’d fund the wallet in a flwerbed by the sidewalk”可知，Amy和Charlie在一些花中間發(fā)現(xiàn)了這個(gè)錢包。
5.In Paragraph 2，why was Amy’s vice shaking?
A.She was afraid that they wuld be seen by was disappinted there wasn’t a millin was fearful that Charlie wuld tell smene felt nervus because she’d never seen s much mney.解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“‘Mre like thusands，’ she said，her vice shaking in disbelief.”可知，Amy不敢相信錢包里有這么多錢。由此推知，從未見過(guò)這么多錢的她會(huì)感到緊張，聲音顫抖。
6.On their way t Amy’s huse，the children’s mds changed frm .
A.excited t suspiciusB.happy t angryC.relieved t wrriedD.nervus t disappinted解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“As they rushed tward Vicery Avenue，they talked excitedly adpt a whale.”和“Fr the last blck，hwever，they didn’t list f things they culd buy.”可知，在回Amy家的路上，兩人先是非常興奮，開心地想象利用這筆錢可以做什么，后來(lái)變得沉默，猜疑對(duì)方偷偷地想買更多的東西，因此兩個(gè)孩子的情緒是由興奮變成懷疑。
7.What did the children decide t d at the end f the stry?
A.T keep the mney a secret frm return the wallet t its rightful put the wallet back where they fund buy many different things with the mney.解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Fr in the wallet’s clear plastic their newly－fund treasure，in a way，they felt relieved.”可推知，Amy和Charlie打算放棄這筆財(cái)富，根據(jù)錢包里駕駛執(zhí)照的信息將錢包返還給失主，讓自己放下心理負(fù)擔(dān)。
(2024·廣東汕頭金山中學(xué)三模)Scrubbing yur hands with sap and water washes away germs (細(xì)菌).But the ht－air hand dryers fund in many public restrms seem t spray micrbes (微生物)right back nt clean skin.That’s what 16－year－ld Zita Nguyen fund by testing peple’s freshly washed and dried hands.She shwcased her findings this week at the Regenern Internatinal Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF).Held in Dallas，Texas，this cmpetitin is a prgram f the Sciety fr Science.
Tilets in public restrms seldm have lids.S flushing them sprays the germs frm bdy waste int the air.That same air is drawn int thse electric hand dryers.These machines prvide a nice warm hme in which micrbes can grw，Zita says.Cleaning the inside f these machines can be difficult，she adds.The teen had fur peple wash and dry their hands in restrms at a mall and a gas statin.The participants scrubbed with sap and water.After each washing，they dried their hands using ne f three different methds.In sme trials，they simply used paper twels.In the thers，they used an electric hand dryer.Smetimes，they held their hands clse t the machine，abut 13 centimeters belw it.Other times，they held their hands abut 30 centimeters belw the dryer.Each hand－drying cnditin was perfrmed 20 times.
Right after this drying，Zita swabbed (用拭子擦) their hands fr germs.Then she rubbed the swabs nt petri dishes filled with nutrients that wuld fuel a micrbe’s grwth.She hused these dishes in an incubatr (細(xì)菌培養(yǎng)器) fr three days.Fewer than 50 clnies f micrbes，n average，turned up in each dish expsed t swabs frm hands dried with paper twels r frm hands held farther frm the electric dryers.In cntrast，mre than 130 clnies，n average，grew in petri dishes frm hands held clse t the ht－air dryers.
At first，Zita was amazed by all the micrbes in these dishes.Quickly，hwever，she realized they represented what cvered peple’s hands after using a ht－air dryer.“This is disgusting，” she nw says.“I’m never ging t use these machines again！”【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了16歲的 Zita Nguyen 通過(guò)測(cè)試發(fā)現(xiàn)，公共廁所的熱風(fēng)烘干機(jī)會(huì)把微生物直接噴回在剛洗干凈的手上。
8.What is the main functin f the first paragraph?
A.T prvide backgrund infrmatin.B.T summarize Zita’s call fr actin.D.T explain a rule.解析寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第一段中“But the ht－air hand 16－year－ld Zita Nguyen fund by testing peple’s freshly washed and dried hands.”和第二段中“She shwcased her findings this week at the Regenern Internatinal Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF).”可推知，第一段主要是為了總結(jié)Zita的發(fā)現(xiàn)。
9.Which f the fllwing des NOT play a rle in the phenmenn Zita discvered?
A.Public tilets ften lack dryers are ften frget t wash their inside f hand dryers is hard t clean.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Tilets in public restrms seldm have the inside f these machines can be difficult，she adds.”可知，公共廁所很少有蓋子，烘干機(jī)是溫暖的，清洗烘干機(jī)內(nèi)部很困難,導(dǎo)致用烘干機(jī)烘干手時(shí)會(huì)將細(xì)菌帶到手上，C項(xiàng)“人們經(jīng)常忘記洗手”不是其中一個(gè)原因。
10.What did Zita d as part f the experiment?
A.She analysed existing data.B.She tested hundreds f visited many lcatins.D.She cmpared different methds.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Right after this drying，Zita swabbed (用拭子擦)their hands fr an incubatr(細(xì)菌培養(yǎng)器)fr three days.”和第四段提到“After each washing，they dried their hands using ne f three different methds.”提到參與者用不同的方法烘干手可知，在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，Zita比較了不同的方法。
11.What is Zita’s attitude t electric dryers nw?
A.Negative. D.Interested.解析觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中“‘This is disgusting，’ she nw says.‘I’m never ging t use these machines again！’”可推知，現(xiàn)在Zita對(duì)烘干機(jī)的態(tài)度是消極的。
(2024·河北統(tǒng)考)Hw t Manage Cnflict·Use neutral(中立的)language.Neutral language keeps the discussin bjective and nnjudgmental.Inflammatry(煽動(dòng)性的)language nly makes the cnflict wrse. 1 Rephrase negative statements int neutral cmments and ask sincere questins t get yur cwrker’s side f the stry and use a calm，even tne f vice.
·Reflect n the situatin.Shw all parties that yu hear and understand their cncerns.Often，cnflict cmes frm ne party feeling as thugh they’re nt being heard r understd.Take time thrughut yur cnversatin t restate what the ther persn says. 2 ·Wrk tgether t cmprmise(妥協(xié))and find a slutin. 3 Reslve the cnflict by wrking tgether and brainstrming slutins t the cnflict that addresses everyne’s cncerns.Write dwn yur ideas and see if there’s ne slutin that bth f yu find fair and reasnable.A gd reslutin usually invlves cmprmise—meeting half way s that yu bth leave satisfied.
·Make a reslutin plan.A plan defines each party’s respnsibilities and prevents mre cnflict.After finding a slutin everyne can agree n，sit dwn tgether and figure ut what yu’ll all d t reslve the cnflict. 4 What ther practices might help avid future cnflict and maintain psitive cmmunicatin? Ensure everyne invlved cperates n the win－win slutin.
·Pick yur battles.Nt all cnflicts are wrth hlding nt at the cst f yur energy.Sme issues can’t be slved t the satisfactin f bth parties，especially if ne persn rejects any negtiatin.In thse cases，ask yurself hw much the issue at the cre f the cnflict matters t yu.Are yu willing t give in r keep dialguing t reach a different reslutin？ 5 If yu decide the cnflict isn’t wrth yur energy，give the ther persn a simple cncessin.
A.Is this cnflict wrth yur time and energy?B.Hw will the immediate prblem be fixed?C.Giving in desn’t mean saying，“Yu’re right，and I’m wrng.”D.This will help yu clarify yur understanding f the n finding a slutin rather than determining wh is “right” encurages everyne t stp blaming each ，keep the discussin less emtinal by using bjective language.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是說(shuō)明文。文章針對(duì)如何應(yīng)對(duì)矛盾沖突給出了幾點(diǎn)建議。1.G [根據(jù)上文“中立的語(yǔ)言使討論保持客觀和非評(píng)判性?！笨芍?，此處說(shuō)的是使用客觀的語(yǔ)言來(lái)減少情緒化，與G項(xiàng)“相反，通過(guò)使用客觀的語(yǔ)言來(lái)減少討論的情緒化?！北磉_(dá)的含義一致。]2.D [根據(jù)上文“通常，沖突來(lái)自一方感覺他們不被傾聽或理解。在談話中，花點(diǎn)時(shí)間重述對(duì)方所說(shuō)的話?！笨芍颂幷f(shuō)的是要了解情況，與D項(xiàng)“這將有助于你闡明對(duì)情況的理解?！北磉_(dá)的含義一致。]3.F [根據(jù)下文“通過(guò)合作和集思廣益解決每個(gè)人的擔(dān)憂來(lái)解決沖突?！笨芍梢酝ㄟ^(guò)合作的辦法解決沖突，與F項(xiàng)“合作促使每個(gè)人停止互相指責(zé)?！北磉_(dá)的含義一致。]
4.B [根據(jù)上文“在找到每個(gè)人都能達(dá)成一致的解決方案后，坐下來(lái)一起想需要做什么來(lái)解決沖突?！笨芍?，此處說(shuō)的是找到解決方案后，坐下來(lái)思考具體的做法，B項(xiàng)“如何解決眼前的問(wèn)題？”和下一個(gè)問(wèn)句都在進(jìn)一步探討主題。]5.A [根據(jù)上文“并不是所有的沖突都值得以精力為代價(jià)堅(jiān)持下去?！笨芍?，此處說(shuō)的是要思考沖突是否值得付出精力，A項(xiàng)“這場(chǎng)沖突值得你花費(fèi)時(shí)間和精力嗎？”符合本段主題。]

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