期中英語試題
第一部分 聽力 （略）
第二部分 閱讀 （共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）
第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。
A
The BkLife Prize is an annual writing cmpetitin in tw Cntests (Fictin and Nnfictin) spnsred by BkLife and Publishers Weekly. The prize seeks t assist utstanding independent authrs and discver great written wrks in nine categries acrss the tw sectins.
Prizes
Finalists, nes frm each respective submissin categry f bth the Fictin and Nnfictin Cntests, will receive an intrductin frm a bestselling authr r prfessinal editr serving as a guest judge fr the prize, as well as a mentin in Publishers Weekly. Each finalist will als receive $1,000 wrth f BkBaby’s Facebk and Instagram fr Authrs service: fr each finalist BkBaby will waive （免除） its $99 setup fee and prvide $250-per-week funds fr a fur-week campaign. The prize in bth the Fictin and Nnfictin Cntests is $5,000 and an authr prfile in Publishers Weekly.
Eligibility （資格） and Submissins
Unpublished r self-published bks in the English language are eligible fr the BkLife Prize.
Each submissin can nly be entered int ne f the fllwing categries: Rmance; Mystery/ Thriller; Science Fictin/ Fantasy/ Hrrr; General Fictin; Middle-Grade & YA Fictin; Memir; Self-Help; Inspiratinal/ Spiritual; and Business/ Persnal Finance.
Nvels submitted t the Middle Grade & YA Fictin categry must cntain30,000 t 100,000 wrds. All ther submissins must cntain 40,000 t 100,000 wrds. Medium-length nvel, shrt fictin, and cllectins are nt eligible fr submissin. Authrs may make multiple submissins.
All submissins must be made befre December 1,2024.
1. What is the aim f the cntest?
A. T select gd wrks fr tw magazines.
B. T encurage utstanding amateur authrs.
C. T discver great writers fr Publishers Weekly.
D. T prvide supprt fr excellent independent authrs.
2. What might the winners be awarded?
A. $99.B. $250.C. $1,000.D. $5,000.
3. What is a requirement t enter fr the cntest?
A. The cntestants shuld pay entry fees.
B. The entries must be written in English.
C. The participants can nly submit ne entry.
D. The entries must be shrt r medium-length nvels.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B
【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了由《圖書生活》和《出版商周刊》主辦的年度寫作競賽“圖書生活獎”，包括參賽作品要求、獎金以及截稿日期等。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“The prize seeks t assist utstanding independent authrs and discver great written wrks in nine categries acrss the tw sectins.( 該獎項旨在幫助杰出的獨立作家，并在兩個部分的九個類別中發(fā)現(xiàn)偉大的寫作作品。)”可知，這個獎項旨在幫助杰出的獨立作家，并在兩個部分的九個類別中發(fā)現(xiàn)偉大的書面作品，由此可知，比賽的目的是為優(yōu)秀的獨立作者提供支持。故選D項。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Prizes部分中“The prize in bth the Fictin and Nnfictin Cntests is$5,000(小說類和非小說類競賽的獎金都是5000美元)”可知，獲獎?wù)邥玫?5,000的獎勵。故選D項。
【3題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Eligibility（資格）and Submissins部分中“Unpublished r self-published bks in the English language are eligible fr the BkLife Prize.( 未出版或自行出版的英文書籍均有資格獲得圖書獎。)”可知，參賽作品應(yīng)該是用英語寫的。故選B項。
B
My mther used t be addicted t the secnd-hand stre. She went every week t see if there were sme gd bargains. Of curse she fund deals, being a careful shpper that she is — fine china sets, silverware, kitchen appliances, t name a few. The prblem was that these deals came hme. They filled the huse, packing shelves and ccupying cunter space.
Several years ag, I said t my mther in frustratin, “It wuld be a terrible dream t have t deal with all this stuff if yu died tmrrw.” She lked at me fr a few minutes, saying nthing. Up until then, I suspect she’d assumed that everyne appreciated her junk-treasures as much as she did. What fllwed, mercifully, was a huse cleaning. Mm remved much f her stuff and ceased her weekly visits t that stre.
That cnversatin revealed t me the imprtance f discussing the lng-term intentins fr ne’s belngings. If I hadn’t said anything, I suspect it wuld have been decades befre my 50-smething-year-ld mther realized what a burden her stuff wuld be n the family smeday — and just think f all the additinal things she culd have accumulated in that time. It makes me shiver.
Later, I heard f “Swedish Death Cleaning”. The first time I heard the term, I thught it meant sme kind f hardcre Scandinavian huse-cleaning rutine, where yu clean yur hme frm tp t bttm t the pint f physical cllapse, as in “wrking yurself t the bne”. Well, I was wrng.
In Swedish, the wrd is “dstadning” and it refers t the act f slwly and steadily decluttering (清潔) as the years g by, ideally beginning in yur fifties and ging until the day yu kick the bucket. The ultimate purpse f death cleaning is t minimize the amunt f stuff, especially meaningless clutter, which yu leave behind fr thers t deal with.
As fr this decluttering philsphy with the name f “Swedish Death Cleaning”, I can’t agree mre. Wh can pssibly resist it?
4. What can we knw abut the authr’s mther?
A. She was a dealer. B. She had a tight budget.
C. She was ecnmical in life.D. She was gd at ding husewrk.
5. Hw might the mther feel at the authr’s wrds at first?
A. Sympathetic.B. Cncerned. C. Annyed.D. Unexpected.
6. What des “Swedish Death Cleaning” mean accrding t the passage?
A. A cleaning after ne’s death. B. Cleaning aimed at reducing after 50 r s.
C. A particularly tiring thrugh cleaning.D. Cleaning f useless stuff just befre death.
7. What is the purpse f the passage?
A. T intrduce a lifestyle.
B. T memrize her mther.
C. T talk abut a shpping habit.
D. T emphasize the key t cleaning.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A
【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文中主要講述了作者母親喜歡買便宜的二手貨的習(xí)慣，后來在作者的提醒下停止購買這些物品，由此作者又介紹了“瑞典式死亡清理”的一種整理哲學(xué)。
【4題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段內(nèi)容“My mther used t be addicted t the secnd-hand stre. She went every week t see if there were sme gd bargains. Of curse she fund deals, being a careful shpper that she is — fine china sets, silverware, kitchen appliances, t name a few.(我母親過去常常去二手商店。她每周都會去一次，看看是否有便宜貨。當(dāng)然，作為一位精明的購物者，她確實能找到不錯的交易——比如精美的瓷器餐具、銀質(zhì)餐具、廚房電器等等)”可知，母親經(jīng)常買一些便宜的二手物品，因此推斷她在生活中是崇尚節(jié)約的人。故選C。
【5題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Several years ag, I said t my mther in frustratin, “It wuld be a terrible dream t have t deal with all this stuff if yu died tmrrw.” She lked at me fr a few minutes, saying nthing. Up until then, I suspect she’d assumed that everyne appreciated her junk-treasures as much as she did.(幾年前，我沮喪地對母親說：“如果你明天就死了，要處理所有這些事情，那將是一個可怕的夢?！彼戳宋?guī)追昼?，什么也沒說。在那之前，我懷疑她認(rèn)為每個人都像她一樣欣賞她的垃圾寶貝)”可推知，母親在聽了作者說的話以后才意識到自己的行為沒有得到認(rèn)可，也就是說她最初對作者的反應(yīng)是“感到意外的”。故選D。
【6題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容“In Swedish, the wrd is “dstadning” and it refers t the act f slwly and steadily decluttering as the years g by, ideally beginning in yur fifties and ging until the day yu kick the bucket. The ultimate purpse f death cleaning is t minimize the amunt f stuff, especially meaningless clutter, which yu leave behind fr thers t deal with.(在瑞典語中，這個詞是dstadning，指的是隨著時間的推移，慢慢地、穩(wěn)步地清理雜物的行為，最好從50多歲開始，直到你死的那一天。死亡清理的最終目的是盡量減少物品的數(shù)量，尤其是那些你留給別人處理的無意義的雜物)”可知，Swedish Death Cleaning在瑞典語中是dstadni， 即從50多歲開始緩慢而穩(wěn)定地整理的行為，一直持續(xù)到你死的那一天，其目的是為了盡量減少死后留給別人處理的東西。故選B。
【7題詳解】
推理判斷題。作者在文章前兩段介紹了母親購買二手物品的事情，再根據(jù)最后一段“As fr this decluttering philsphy with the name f “Swedish Death Cleaning”, I can’t agree mre. Wh can pssibly resist it?(至于這種名為“瑞典式死亡清理”的清理哲學(xué)，我完全同意。誰能抗拒呢)”可知，后面提到了Swedish Death Cleaning以及對這種生活方式的認(rèn)同，由此推斷作者的目的是介紹一種生活方式。故選A。
C
It’s easy t think f sprts as an escape frm reality, remving the prblems f ur wrld. Researcher Madeleine Orr illustrates that wrng belief in her bk Warming Up: Hw Climate Change Is Changing Sprt. In her bk, Orr leads readers t learn abut all the ways climate change is affecting sprts arund the wrld, prviding a cnvincing case fr actin frm athletes, sprts leagues and fans alike.
Orr, a sprts eclgist at the University f Trnt, draws n her academic knwledge t utline hw climate change is affecting sprts. While Orr supprts her argument with data and interviews with experts, it’s the persnal stries that are mst pwerful. There’s the heartbreaking stry f a ftball player Jrdan McNair, wh died f heat strke at practice.
It’s refreshing t see Orr talk abut hw climate change is disprprtinately impacting natins that are least respnsible fr glbal greenhuse gas emissins, a pint that can get lst in Western reprting n the tpic. High temperatures are threatening Kenyan runners. Rising seas are erding (侵蝕) a famus rugby beach in Fiji. A 2022 fld destryed Pakistan’s sprts leagues — alng with much f the cuntry.
But against the backgrund f climate change’s upsetting reality, Orr keeps hpe alive in the last six chapters. The sprts wrld can adapt t climate change t ensure that sprts survive. She sptlights the past and present activism f athletes wh are fighting fr sustainability. One uplifting example is Innes FitzGerald, wh refused t fly frm Britain t Australia fr the 2023 Wrld Athletics Champinships ut f cncern fr air travel’s carbn emissins.
Orr’s writing is authritative and cnversatinal, and while she smetimes slips int academic terms, her language is largely accessible even t readers with n scientific backgrund. The bk is jam-packed with infrmatin and has smething fr sprts fans alike. In the fight against climate change, Warming Up shws us that it’s time fr the sprts wrld t play ball.
8. What is mainly talked abut in Orr’s bk?
A. The climate prblems facing the wrld.
B. The effect f climate change n sprts.
C. The sprts wrld’s actin t change the climate.
D. The writer’s attitude tward the climate change.
9. What make Orr’s pinin mre persuasive?
A. Experts’ talks.B. Individual stries.
C. Science reprts.D. Cllected figures.
10. Why were Kenyan runners mentined?
A. T pint ut the ptential future f rugby.
B. T prve the unfairness f Western reprts.
C. T shw sme inncent victims f climate change.
D. T explain the link between greenhuse gases and climate.
11. What is the feature f Orr’s bk?
A. It is influential and tuching. B. It is theretical and prfessinal.
C. It is infrmative and easy t understand.D. It is reliable and full f academic terms.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. C
【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要探討了體育生態(tài)學(xué)家Madeleine Orr在她的書中的一些觀點以及對該書的評價。
【8題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“In her bk, Orr leads readers t learn abut all the ways climate change is affecting sprts arund the wrld, prviding a cnvincing case fr actin frm athletes, sprts leagues and fans alike. (在她的書中，Orr帶領(lǐng)讀者了解氣候變化影響世界各地體育運動的所有方式，為運動員、體育聯(lián)盟和球迷等采取行動提供了令人信服的理由)”可知，這本書主要討論了氣候變化對體育運動的影響。故選B項。
【9題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“While Orr supprts her argument with data and interviews with experts, it’s the persnal stries that are mst pwerful. (雖然Orr用數(shù)據(jù)和對專家的采訪來支持她的觀點，但個人故事才是最有力的)”可知，個人故事使Orr的觀點更有說服力。故選B項。
【10題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“It’s refreshing t see Orr talk abut hw climate change is disprprtinately impacting natins that are least respnsible fr glbal greenhuse gas emissins, a pint that can get lst in Western reprting n the tpic. High temperatures are threatening Kenyan runners. (看到Orr談到氣候變化對全球溫室氣體排放最不需負(fù)責(zé)的國家的影響不成比例，令人耳目一新，這一點在西方的報道中可能會被忽略。高溫威脅著肯尼亞選手)”可知，此處先提到有些國家沒有造成全球溫室效應(yīng)，卻受到嚴(yán)重影響，再舉出肯尼亞選手受到高溫威脅的例子。由此可知，肯尼亞屬于那些無辜的國家，這些跑步者被提及是為了說明氣候變化的無辜受害者。故選C項。
【11題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Orr’s writing is authritative and cnversatinal, and while she smetimes slips int academic terms, her language is largely accessible even t readers with n scientific backgrund. The bk is jam-packed with infrmatin and has smething fr sprts fans alike. (Orr的作品是權(quán)威的、對話式的，雖然她有時會使用學(xué)術(shù)術(shù)語，但即使沒有科學(xué)背景的讀者也能很好地理解她的語言。這本書信息豐富，適合體育迷)”可知，她的書信息豐富而又淺顯易懂。故選C項。
D
A new study published in the jurnal Science Advances finds that AI enhances creativity by bsting the nvelty f stry ideas as well as the “usefulness” f stries - their ability t engage the target audience and ptential fr publicatin. It finds that AI “prfessinalizes” stries, making them mre enjyable, mre likely t have plt twists, better written and less bring.
The researchers assigned the 300 study participants t three grups: ne grup was allwed n AI help, a secnd grup culd use ChatGPT t prvide a single three-sentence starting idea, and writers in the third grup culd chse frm up t five AI-generated ideas fr their inspiratin.
They then rganized 600 peple t judge hw gd the stries were, assessing them fr nvelty - whether the stries did smething new r unexpected - and “usefulness” - hw apprpriate they were fr the target audience, and whether the ideas culd be develped and ptentially published.
They fund that writers with the mst access t AI experienced the greatest gains t their creativity, their stries scring 9% higher fr nvelty cmpared with stries written withut AI. Writers wh used up t five AI-generated ideas als scred higher fr emtinal characteristics, prducing stries that were better written, mre enjyable, less bring and funnier.
The researchers evaluated the writers’ creativity using a Divergent Assciatin Task (DAT) and fund that mre creative writers - thse with the highest DAT scres - benefited least frm generative AI ideas. Cnversely, less creative writers saw a greater increase in creativity.
The researchers als calculated hw similar the stries were t each ther. They fund a 10.7% increase in similarity between writers whse stries used ne generative AI-idea, cmpared with the grup that didn’t use AI.
Anil Dshi, Assistant Prfessr at the UCL Schl f Management said, “While these results pint t an increase in individual creativity, there is a risk f lsing cllective nvelty. If the publishing industry were t embrace mre generative AI-inspired stries, ur findings suggest that the stries wuld becme less unique and mre similar t each ther.”
12. Which aspect f the AI-assisted stries were assessed in the study?
A. Universality and availability.B. Originality and practicality.
C. Creativity and specializatin.D. Similarity and integrity.
13. What might the underlined wrd “Cnversely” in paragraph 5 prbably mean?
A. Sure enugh.B. In cnclusin.C. On the cntrary.D. As a result.
14. What is Anil Dshi’s attitude twards AI-inspired stries?
A. Objective.B. Indifferent.C. Favrable.D. Ambiguus.
15. What can be a suitable title fr the passage?
A. AI Is Being Used t Create Nvel Stries
B. AI Is Becming a Threat t Human Writers
C. AI Can Help t Imprve Peple’s Writing Skills
D. AI Can Bst the Creativity f Stries but Pays a Price
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)利用人工智能寫作可以提高故事創(chuàng)意的新穎性和故事的“有用性”，但是人工智能輔助的故事被發(fā)現(xiàn)包含更多的相似之處，缺乏多樣性。
【12題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“They then rganized 600 peple t judge hw gd the stries were, assessing them fr nvelty - whether the stries did smething new r unexpected - and “usefulness” - hw apprpriate they were fr the target audience, and whether the ideas culd be develped and ptentially published. (然后，他們組織了600人來判斷這些故事有多好，評估它們的新穎性——這些故事是否做了新的或意想不到的事情——以及“有用性”——它們對目標(biāo)受眾有多合適，以及這些想法是否可以發(fā)展和發(fā)表)”可知，評估的是故事的原創(chuàng)性和實用性。故選B。
【13題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第五段“The researchers evaluated the writers’ creativity using a Divergent Assciatin Task (DAT) and fund that mre creative writers - thse with the highest DAT scres - benefited least frm generative AI ideas. (研究人員用發(fā)散聯(lián)想任務(wù)（DAT）來評估作家的創(chuàng)造力，發(fā)現(xiàn)那些更有創(chuàng)造力的作家——那些DAT得分最高的人——從生成式人工智能想法中受益最少。)”和劃線詞下文“l(fā)ess creative writers saw a greater increase in creativity. (創(chuàng)造力較低的作家的創(chuàng)造力則增加得更多。)”可知，兩者是對比關(guān)系，因此“Cnversely”意為“相反地”。故選C。
【14題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)末段Anil Dshi的話“Anil Dshi, Assistant Prfessr at the UCL Schl f Management said, “While these results pint t an increase in individual creativity, there is a risk f lsing cllective nvelty. If the publishing industry were t embrace mre generative AI-inspired stries, ur findings suggest that the stries wuld becme less unique and mre similar t each ther.” (倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院管理學(xué)院的助理教授阿尼爾·多西說：“雖然這些結(jié)果表明個人創(chuàng)造力有所提高，但集體創(chuàng)造力也有喪失的風(fēng)險。如果出版業(yè)接受更多基于人工智能的衍生故事，我們的研究結(jié)果表明，這些故事將變得不那么獨特，而是更加相似。)”可知，Anil Dshi既提到了人工智能輔助生成故事的優(yōu)點：個人創(chuàng)造力有所提高，也提到了缺點：集體創(chuàng)造力存在喪失的風(fēng)險，因此他的評價是客觀的。故選A項。
【15題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容及根據(jù)末段Anil Dshi的話“Anil Dshi, Assistant Prfessr at the UCL Schl f Management said, “While these results pint t an increase in individual creativity, there is a risk f lsing cllective nvelty. If the publishing industry were t embrace mre generative AI-inspired stries, ur findings suggest that the stries wuld becme less unique and mre similar t each ther.” (倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院管理學(xué)院的助理教授阿尼爾·多西說：“雖然這些結(jié)果表明個人創(chuàng)造力有所提高，但集體創(chuàng)造力也有喪失的風(fēng)險。如果出版業(yè)接受更多基于人工智能的衍生故事，我們的研究結(jié)果表明，這些故事將變得不那么獨特，而是更加相似。)”可知，本文主要介紹了人工智能可以提高故事創(chuàng)意的新穎性，但同時也會使AI協(xié)助的寫作產(chǎn)生相似性，故判斷D選項“人工智能可以提高故事的創(chuàng)造力，但也要付出代價?！笨梢宰鳛槲恼聵?biāo)題。故選D項。
第二節(jié) （共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）
閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
As a lng-term advcate fr rganic grwing, time and time again I cme acrss the same miscnceptins abut rganic pest (害蟲) cntrl and what it really invlves. ___16___ Here I want t have a quick lk at these miscnceptins and explain why they are wrng.
___17___ This is the mst cmmn wrng pinin. I am ften asked hw t kill a particular pest. Hwever, wiping ut particular pests shuld never be the gal f rganic pest cntrl, with the exceptin f a few nn-native species. That’s because even pest species can be crucial parts f the garden ecsystem. ___18___ Instead f trying t remve particular pests, we shuld be thinking abut hw t cnfuse, distract, r redirect a particular species.
Anther cmmn mistake that peple make is thinking that rganic pest cntrl primarily means finding natural, rganic alternatives t the pesticides (農(nóng)藥) they may have previusly used. Organic pesticides are indeed free frm certain chemicals. But it des nt necessarily mean that they are harmless. ___19___
Pest prblems can be slved alne. It is als a cmmn mistake t start thinking abut a particular pest issue withut taking a lk at the bigger picture. ___20___ In ther wrds, we shuld nt react t a pest prblem but rather find ways t reduce the chances f a serius pest prblem develping in the first place.
A. We need t get rid f pests.
B. Pests dn’t necessarily d harm t plants.
C. Organic pesticides are the slutin t pesticides in sme way.
D. They can still d harm if used with abandn and withut thught.
E. Killing them des harm t the bidiversity and health f the ecsystem.
F. In fact, being prepared is always better than taking a negative apprach.
G. These misleading ideas can easily get in the way when we create gardens.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. E 19. D 20. F
【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要討論了關(guān)于有機害蟲控制的常見誤解，并對這些誤解進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的解釋和糾正。
【16題詳解】
前句“As a lng-term advcate fr rganic grwing, time and time again I cme acrss the same miscnceptins abut rganic pest (害蟲) cntrl and what it really invlves.(作為一名有機種植的長期倡導(dǎo)者，我一次又一次地遇到同樣的誤解，關(guān)于有機害蟲控制及其真正涉及的內(nèi)容。)”提到了人們對有機種植的認(rèn)知會存在的一些誤區(qū)，空格處應(yīng)該指出這些錯誤想法會帶來的不利影響。推斷G選項“These misleading ideas can easily get in the way when we create gardens.(當(dāng)我們建造花園時，這些誤導(dǎo)的想法很容易阻礙我們。)”可以承接上文，說明這些誤導(dǎo)的想法會帶來的不利影響，其中misleading ideas和前面的miscnceptins是同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，因此G選項承接上文，符合語境。故選G。
【17題詳解】
空格處是本段主旨句，根據(jù)下文“I am ften asked hw t kill a particular pest. Hwever, wiping ut particular pests shuld never be the gal f rganic pest cntrl, with the exceptin f a few nn-native species.(我經(jīng)常被問到如何殺死一種特定的害蟲。然而，消滅特定的害蟲永遠(yuǎn)不應(yīng)該是有機害蟲控制的目標(biāo)，除了一些非本地物種。)”可知，本段介紹了消滅害蟲的問題，由此推斷A選項“We need t get rid f pests.(我們需要消滅害蟲。)”說明了我們需要消滅害蟲，概括了本段內(nèi)容，可作為主旨句，故選A。
【18題詳解】
本段提到消滅害蟲的問題，后句“Instead f trying t remve particular pests, we shuld be thinking abut hw t cnfuse, distract, r redirect a particular species.(我們不應(yīng)該試圖消滅特定的害蟲，而應(yīng)該考慮如何迷惑、分散注意力或重新引導(dǎo)特定物種。)”說明我們不應(yīng)該試圖消滅特定的害蟲，E選項“Killing them des harm t the bidiversity and health f the ecsystem.(殺死它們會損害生物多樣性和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的健康。)”說明了殺死害蟲會帶來的不好的結(jié)果，其中killing和remve屬于同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，因此E選項引起下文，符合語境。故選E。
【19題詳解】
空前“Organic pesticides are indeed free frm certain chemicals. But it des nt necessarily mean that they are harmless.(有機農(nóng)藥確實不含某些化學(xué)物質(zhì)。但這并不一定意味著它們是無害的。)”提到有機農(nóng)藥不一定意味著是無害的，空格處應(yīng)該對有機農(nóng)藥進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的描述，D選項“They can still d harm if used with abandn and withut thught.(如果不加思考地隨意使用，它們?nèi)匀粫斐蓚Α?”中的They指代前面的Organic pesticides，說明不加思考地隨意使用有機農(nóng)藥仍然會造成傷害，因此D選項承接上文，符合語境，故選D。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)空后“In ther wrds, we shuld nt react t a pest prblem but rather find ways t reduce the chances f a serius pest prblem develping in the first place.(換句話說，我們不應(yīng)該對害蟲問題做出反應(yīng)，而應(yīng)該首先找到減少嚴(yán)重害蟲問題發(fā)展的機會的方法。)”推斷，后句是對設(shè)空內(nèi)容的進(jìn)一步解釋，說明我們應(yīng)該首先找到減少嚴(yán)重害蟲問題發(fā)展的機會的方法，F(xiàn)選項“In fact, being prepared is always better than taking a negative apprach.(事實上，做好準(zhǔn)備總是比采取消極的方法要好。)”說明的是要做好準(zhǔn)備，和空后說的首先找到減少嚴(yán)重害蟲問題發(fā)展的機會的方法相一致，因此F選項引起下文，符合語境，故選F。
第三部分 語言運用 （共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
I lked dwn at the water far belw me. “Ww! It feels a lt ___21___,” I said nervusly t my fellw graduate student. Just ___22___, I tld myself. When I surfaced, I was ttally energized. My brain was temprarily rewired. I felt ___23___ f anything. Fr the rest f the day, I felt ___24___ calm and attentive.
I’m a lifelng ___25___ seeker. Past experiences included hitchhiking acrss the state and climbing abandned cellphne twers. This penchant (嗜好) hasn’t always ___26___ me well. But in my secnd year f graduate schl, it came t my rescue. The pressure t pass my qualifying exam was ___27___. I was wired with nervus energy, and needed sme kind f ___28___. S, I invited ne graduate student t cme ___29___ with me — In a river, in the middle f winter, by jumping ff a cliff (懸崖).
We jumped int the _____30_____ water. Immediately I felt energetic and fearful. I quickly came back t the _____31_____. I stayed in the water as lng as I culd, my _____32_____ burning frm the cld. But after I _____33_____ and dried ff, my stress was gne. I fund it had ther unexpected _____34_____, t. I was appraching my wrk with a calmer state f mind and taking failures mre easily.
Of curse, dn’t cpy my example. My way t handle stress may nt _____35_____ fr everyne. Everyne has their wn way t tackle stress.
21. A. betterB. funnierC. higherD. faster
22. A. waitB. jumpC. imagineD. bserve
23. A. prudB. tiredC. dismissiveD. capable
24. A. particularlyB. regularlyC. immediatelyD. universally
25. A. adventureB. wealthC. truthD. bargain
26. A. defendedB. prvedC. intrducedD. served
27. A. fadingB. transfrmingC. extendingD. munting
28. A. cmfrtB. celebratinC. releaseD. recgnitin
29. A. surfingB. batingC. swimmingD. sailing
30. A. meltingB. chillyC. strmyD. rising
31. A. surfaceB. beachC. bttmD. schl
32. A. faceB. earsC. handsD. skin
33. A. lay dwnB. climbed utC. drve backD. lked dwn
34. A. benefitsB. endingsC. apprachesD. prblems
35. A. accuntB. wrkC. allwD. struggle
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. D 27. D 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. B
【語篇解讀】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了作者為了應(yīng)對考試壓力，從懸崖上跳水來釋放壓力的冒險經(jīng)歷。
【21題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“哇！感覺要高得多，”我緊張地對我的研究生同學(xué)說。A. better更好的；B. funnier更滑稽的；C. higher更高的；D. faster更快的。根據(jù)“I lked dwn at the water far belw me.”可知，作者在高處看著水面，因此，是站在較高的地方。故選C項。
【22題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：跳吧，我告訴自己。A. wait等待；B. jump跳；C. imagine想象；D. bserve觀察。根據(jù)下文“by jumping ff a cliff (懸崖).”可知，作者從懸崖跳水，所以此處表示只要跳下去就行了。故選B項。
【23題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我覺得自己無所不能。A. prud驕傲的；B. tired勞累的；C. dismissive輕蔑的；D. capable有能力的。根據(jù)“I was ttally energized. My brain was temprarily rewired.”可知，作者跳下水后，感覺自己充滿了精力，因此，覺得自己無所不能。be capable f意思為：感到有……能力的。故選D項。
【24題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在這一天剩下的時間里，我感到特別平靜和專注。A. particularly尤其，特別；B. regularly規(guī)律地；C. immediately立即；D. universally普遍地。根據(jù)下文“But after I _____ and dried ff, my stress was gne.”可知，作者通過跳水這種方式來釋放壓力，結(jié)合“calm and attentive”可知，作者感到特別平靜和專注。故選A項。
【25題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我一生都在探險。A. adventure冒險；B. wealth財富；C. truth真相；D. bargain便宜貨。根據(jù)“Past experiences included hitchhiking acrss the state and climbing abandned cellphne twers.”可知，作者熱愛冒險。故選A項。
【26題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這種嗜好并不總是對我有好處。A. defended防御；B. prved證明；C. intrduced介紹；D. served對……有用，滿足……的需要。根據(jù)“But in my secnd year f graduate schl, it came t my rescue.”可知，在研究生第二年，冒險對作者產(chǎn)生了好處，因此，前文表示這種嗜好并不是對自己有好處。serve sb. well意思為：滿足某人的需要。故選D項。
【27題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：通過資格考試的壓力越來越大。A. fading褪去；B. transfrming變形；C. extending延伸；D. munting上升。根據(jù)“The pressure t pass my qualifying exam”可知，作者面臨考試壓力，壓力越來越大，即，壓力在不斷上升。故選D項。
【28題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我充滿了緊張的能量，需要某種釋放。A. cmfrt安慰；B. celebratin慶祝；C. release釋放；D. recgnitin認(rèn)可，識別。根據(jù)“I was wired with nervus energy”可知，作者充滿了緊張的能量，因此，需要某種釋放。故選C項。
【29題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：所以，我邀請了一個研究生和我一起游泳——在冬天的河里，從懸崖上跳下去。A. surfing沖浪；B. bating劃船；C. swimming游泳；D. sailing航行。根據(jù)“in a river, in the middle f winter, by jumping ff a cliff (懸崖). ”可知，跳進(jìn)河里應(yīng)該是游泳。故選C項。
【30題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們跳進(jìn)冰冷的水中。A. melting感人的，柔情似水的；B. chilly寒冷的；C. strmy有風(fēng)暴的；D. rising升起的。根據(jù)“by jumping ff a cliff (懸崖)”和常識可知，懸崖下的水應(yīng)該是寒冷刺骨的。故選B項。
【31題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我很快回到了水面上。A. surface表面；B. beach海灘；C. bttm底部；D. schl學(xué)校。根據(jù)上文“When I surfaced, I was ttally energized.”可知，作者跳完水會迅速返回水面。故選A項。
【32題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我盡可能在水里待得久一些，我的皮膚凍得很痛。A. face臉；B. ears耳朵；C. hands手；D. skin皮膚。根據(jù)“I stayed in the water as lng as I culd”及上文描述水很冷可知，作者待在水中，皮膚被凍得很痛。故選D項。
【33題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：但在我爬出來曬干身體后，我的壓力就消失了。A. lay dwn躺下；B. climbed ut出來；C. drve back開車返回；D. lked dwn向下看。根據(jù)“and dried ff, my stress was gne”可知，在從水里出來后，作者的壓力消失了。故選B項。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)它還有其他意想不到的好處。A. benefits好處；B. endings結(jié)束；C. appraches方法；D. prblems問題。根據(jù)“I was appraching my wrk with a calmer state f mind and taking failures mre easily. ”可知，跳水后還有另外的好處，能幫助作者用一個更平靜的狀態(tài)應(yīng)對工作，并更容易地應(yīng)對失敗。故選A項。
【35題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我處理壓力的方法可能不適合每個人。A. accunt認(rèn)為是；B. wrk工作，起效；C. allw允許；D. struggle奮斗，掙扎。根據(jù)“Everyne has their wn way t tackle stress.”可知，作者認(rèn)為每個人都有自己的獨特的處理壓力的方式，因此，自己的方法不對每個人都有效果。故選B項。
第二節(jié) （共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1. 個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Gaqi Ling is a natural wnder in China’s Hunan Prvince, a muntain f perfectly smth rck with an extremely narrw ridge （山脊） ___36___ peple lve t crss despite the apparent danger.
China’s Danxia Park is famus fr its unique landfrms, particularly the multiclred “Rainbw Muntain”, but it is hme ___37___ ther less-knwn but just as interesting natural frmatins. Gaqi Ling is ne such natural wnder. Originally a watershed（分水嶺）, this natural wnder ___38___ (have) its ridges shaped by the water washing ver them and then smthed ut by rain and wind. Tday, the sharp ridges are ften cmpared t a giant knife edge r the back bne f ___39___ sleeping dragn.
Gaqi Ling ffers breathtaking views f Danxia Park, but sme sectins f its ridge ___40___ (cnsider) dangerus t crss because there is n fence r cable t stp ___41___ (adventurer) frm slipping dwn the smth sides f the muntain. Still, many chse ___42___ (take) the risk because it is said t bring gd luck.
Imagine walking n this narrw path, hundreds f meters abve grund, with nthing ___43___ (keep) yu frm sliding ff, and then it starts t rain. Talk abut a real-life ___44___ (frighten) dream, right? Safe t say ____45____ pays ff t bring sme gd climbing ftwear.
【答案】36. That/which 37. t 38. had 39. a 40. are cnsidered
41. adventurers 42. t take 43. keeping 44. frightening 45. it
【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了位于湖南省的高崎嶺，在這個地方可以欣賞到獨特的丹霞地貌這種自然奇觀。
【36題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：高崎嶺是中國湖南省的一處自然奇觀，這座山的巖石非常光滑，山脊非常窄，人們喜歡跨越它，盡管它看起來很危險。分析句子可知，此處為關(guān)系代詞that/ which引導(dǎo)的定語從句，先行詞ridge在從句中作賓語成分。故填that/ which。
【37題詳解】
考查固定搭配。句意：中國的丹霞公園以其獨特的地貌而聞名，尤其是色彩斑斕的“彩虹山”，但這里還有其他不太為人所知但同樣有趣的自然景觀。此處be hme t... 意為“……的所在地，家園”為固定搭配。故填t。
【38題詳解】
考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：這個自然奇觀最初是一個分水嶺，它的山脊被水沖刷成形狀，然后被雨和風(fēng)磨平。根據(jù)句意以及riginally可知，句子介紹的是最初的情況，所以用一般過去時。故填had。
【39題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：如今，這些鋒利的脊常被比作巨大的刀刃或沉睡龍的脊骨。根據(jù)句意以及空后sleeping dragn為單數(shù)名詞可知，此處為表示泛指“一條沉睡的巨龍”，結(jié)合sleeping為首音節(jié)輔音單詞，所以為不定冠詞a的填入。故填a。
【40題詳解】
考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：高崎嶺可以欣賞到丹霞公園的壯麗景色，但有些山脊的穿越被認(rèn)為是危險的，因為沒有柵欄或電纜來阻止冒險者從平滑的山坡上滑下。此處為謂語動詞的填入，句子陳述的是一般事實，且主語sme sectins為復(fù)數(shù)名詞和cnsider為被動關(guān)系，所以為一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。故填are cnsidered。
【41題詳解】
考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：高崎嶺可以欣賞到丹霞公園的壯麗景色，但有些山脊的穿越被認(rèn)為是危險的，因為沒有柵欄或電纜來阻止冒險者從平滑的山坡上滑下。adventurer這里表示“冒險者”為可數(shù)名詞，結(jié)合句意可知，此處冒險者不止一個，所以為名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填adventurers。
【42題詳解】
考查動詞不定式。句意：盡管如此，許多人還是選擇冒險，因為據(jù)說這能帶來好運。此處chse t d sth“選擇做某事”為固定搭配，所以此處為動詞不定式形式。故填t take。
【43題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：想象一下，你走在這條距離地面數(shù)百米的狹窄小路上，沒有任何東西可以防止你滑下來，然后開始下雨。此處為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語，其中的動詞應(yīng)為非謂語形式，keep和賓語nthing為主動關(guān)系，所以為現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填keeping。
【44題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：這是一個現(xiàn)實生活中的可怕的夢，對吧？修飾名詞dream應(yīng)該用形容詞frightening作定語，表示“嚇人的”。故填frightening。
【45題詳解】
考查代詞。句意為：可以肯定地說，帶上一些好的登山鞋是值得的。分析句子可知，此處為代詞it作形式主語，真正的主語為動詞不定式短語t bring sme gd climbing ftwear。故填it。
第四部分 寫作 （共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）
第一節(jié) （滿分15分）
46. 假定你是李華，你校將要舉辦一場主題為“珍愛健康，關(guān)注體重”的活動，請你在學(xué)校英語報進(jìn)行宣傳，號召同學(xué)們參加。內(nèi)容包括：
1. 活動目的；
2. 具體安排；
3. 號召參加。
注意：1. 寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；
2. 請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Dear fellw students,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【參考范文】
Dear fellw students,
T raise ur awareness f keeping a healthy weight and imprve ur verall well-being, ur schl is ging t launch an activity called “Cherish Health, Fcus n Weight”. The specific arrangements are as fllws:
First, there will be prfessinal dctrs giving lectures n the relatinship between weight and health as well as the ways t maintain a healthy weight thrugh a balanced diet and prper exercise. Then, we’ll set up varius fitness classes and cmpetitins t encurage physical activity after class.
This is a great pprtunity fr all f us t take better care f ur health. S cme and jin us!
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二節(jié) （滿分25分）
47. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
I, tgether with my neighbr, arrived in Mali, West Africa, t visit her child, Mary, wh was vlunteering there. That was a pr area and peple lived in mud huts withut mdern cnveniences. Hwever, the villagers appeared cntent. I had expected we wuld spend ur time helping the pr villagers — we brught many sccer balls, pens, and inexpensive watches — believing that smehw we culd imprve the villagers’ lives. Instead, they were teaching us that having less meant less t wrry abut and mre time and energy fr each ther. These wnderful peple f a different faith taught me an imprtant lessn. And I felt hnred and appreciated living here — the ppsite f what I’d felt nine mnths earlier when I’d felt pressured t resign frm my jb.
Fr twelve years I’d wrked at the hspital. One day they tld me I was n lnger needed. I understd that it was a cst-cutting mve t replace me with smene with less experience and a lwer salary. But my understanding didn’t remve the pain f feeling useless.
When I was sad and wrried abut my future, a fellw health educatr at anther hspital said t me, “I’ve just learned the mst helpful tl,” she said. “N matter what the situatin is, there is an ppsite, a benefit. Our typical respnse is t fcus n the lsses f jbs, marriage, hme, r even health. Instead, the speaker tld us t cncentrate n finding what we gained with ur lss.”
At first, I resisted her advice and didn’t care abut “ppsites”. I frgt my dream t travel arund the wrld in a trailer(房車)and frgt everything I wished t d when I was busy. I nly wanted my jb back. I missed my ffice, my cwrkers, the rutine. I missed the meaningful challenges f rganizing health educatin classes fr sick peple. But as time passed, I grew tired f my srrw and lneliness. Maybe I shuld try my friend’s advice and seek sme ppsites.
注意：
(1) 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
(2) 請按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。
The ppsite f lneliness wuld be friendship, s I called a kind-hearted neighbr.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
These activities enriched my life, but the trip t Africa changed my life cmpletely.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【參考范文】
The ppsite f lneliness wuld be friendship, s I called a kind-hearted neighbr. I decided t develp a friendship with her. I asked if she wuld like t take an exercise class with me. Sn we became gd friends. We ften went shpping tgether and had a walk every day. Althugh I missed my busy hurs at wrk, I nw had mre persnal time. I had chices. I tackled cleaning prjects I’d delayed due t my lng wrk hurs. I vlunteered at a mental health prgram.
These activities enriched my life, but the trip t Africa changed my life cmpletely. In Mali, the villagers’ cntentment with s little made me realize true happiness cmes frm cnnectins and lve, nt material wealth. This prfund awakening inspired me t reevaluate my life. Upn returning hme, I sld my huse and invested ina trailer. I jurneyed arund the wrld, nt just t see new places, but t immerse myself in different cultures and learn frm peple living differently. Each stp brught new friendships, lessns, and a deeper understanding f what it means t live a fulfilling life. The trip bradened my hrizns and transfrmed my heart and sul.

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