第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）
做題時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分）
聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話,每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
1. Where are the speakers prbably?
A. At a tailr's. B. At hme. C. At a clthing shp.
2. What is the man ding?
A. Fixing the desk. B. Checking the bulb. C. Turning ff the light.
3. What seems t be the prblem?
A. The small number f bkings.
B. Andy Nrtn's absence.
C. The small size f the hall.
4. Why is the girl in a hurry?
A. T g hme t get sme fd.
B. T get an imprtant file.
C. T jin a grup discussin.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. Hw t cut carrts.
B. Hw t use knives safely.
C. Hw the wman's hand gt hurt.
第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）
聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽(tīng)第6段材料,回答第6、7題。
6. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Neighbrs. B. Clleagues. C. Relatives.
7. What des the wman plan t d tmrrw?
A. Attend a shw. B. Fly t New Yrk. C. Lk after her grandma.
聽(tīng)第 7段材料, 回答第8、9題。
8. What is Tmmy ding?
A. Preparing supper.
B. Playing a cmputer game.
C. Watching a TV prgram.
9. Wh des the wman speak highly f?
A. Cathy. B. Tmmy. C. Jhnny.
聽(tīng)第8段材料, 回答第10至12題。
10. What des Kate like ding t get relaxed?
A. Jgging. B. Dancing. C. Playing sccer.
11. Hw ften des Bill g t the gym?
A. Twice a week. B. Three times a week. C. Fur times a week.
12. What will the speakers d next?
A. Hang ut. B. Play games. C. Study tgether.
聽(tīng)第9段材料, 回答第13至16題。
13. Which place did the man visit first?
A. A castle. B. A museum. C. A church.
14. What did the man like in the museum?
A. Old paintings. B. Old stamps. C. Old clcks.
15. What des the man think f the castle?
A. It's special. B. It's bring. C. It's dangerus.
16. What did the man buy?
A. A bk. B. Sme pstcards. C. A mdel church.
聽(tīng)第 10 段材料, 回答第 17 至 20 題。
17. Why is the speaker giving the talk?
A. T intrduce a club.
B. T invite the listeners t a party.
C. T infrm the listeners f a change.
18. Where will the party be held?
A. At the Irish Pub. B. At the LaFleur Club. C. At the Rdlf Club.
19. What d the listeners have t pay fr themselves?
A. A buffet. B. Sft drinks. C. Wine.
20. Hw des the speaker suggest ging t the party?
A. By bus. B. By car. C. By subway.
第二部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié), 滿分50分）
第一節(jié)（共15小題; 每小題2.5分, 滿分37.5分）
閱讀下列短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
It’s always lvely t see a new grup f picture bks that help mdel friendship fr children. Frm nw n, every bk. is sld at a 10% discunt!
Snail and Wrm Again by Tina Kugler, illustrated (插圖) by Je Smith
The humr in these shrt, simple stries abut snail and wrm, tw best friends, make this a laugh ut lud delight fr yur wn reading r fr readers n the laps f their parents.
Number f pages: 92 Selling price: $11
The Friend Ship by Kat Yeh, illustrated by Chuck Grenink
Hedgehg (刺猬) misunderstands when she verhears that searching fr Friendship might help her be less lnely. She thinks Friendship is an actual ship and starts t lk fr it. Alng her jurney, she meets peple wh als want a friend. They jin her search. Sn, the grup f new friends realizes they are sailing an actual Friend Ship. This clever play n wrds makes fr a heartwarming stry f truth — that smetimes friends are right in frnt f us.
Number f pages: 105 Selling price: $12
Pax and Blue by Lri Richmnd, illustrated by Jake Black
Blue is Pax’s friend, small like Pax. Tday Pax’s mm is mving t anther place with him. Pax wrries abut Blue because “yu dn’t leave a friend behind.” Luckily, Pax knws just what t d t help his friend! Yu’ll see empathy (同情) and understanding between tw unlikely friends wh are in brighter clrs against a quiet lavender and earthy tned backgrund.
Number f pages: 138 Selling price: $15
Dill & Bizzy Oppsite Day by Nra Ericsn, illustrated by Lisa Ericsn
I lve the illustratins, and they really capture the charm f each f these tw characters — a bird and a duck — wh are best friends. Tday they d everything ppsite. Breakfast fr dinner. Lud party instead f quiet rest. And what if ppsite means the can’t be friends?
Number f pages: 117 Selling price: $13
1. Hw much shuld yu pay if yu want t buy tw f the cheapest bk?
A. $19.8.B. $20.7.C. $23.0.D. $22.0.
2. Wh illustrates a truth in his/her stry?
A. Lri Richmnd.B. Tina Kugler.C. Nra Ericsn.D. Kat Yeh.
3. Which bk’s pictures des the authr like?
A. Snail and Wrm Again.B. The Friend Ship.
C. Pax and Blue.D. Dill & Bizzy Oppsite Day.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章旨在向讀者推薦幾本圖畫書，并提供具體的購(gòu)買信息。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中“Frm nw n, every bk. is sld at a 10% discunt! (從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始，每本書。打九折出售！)”、Snail and Wrm Again by Tina Kugler, illustrated (插圖) by Je Smith部分中“Selling price: $11 (售價(jià)：11美元)”、The Friend Ship by Kat Yeh, illustrated by Chuck Grenink部分中“Selling price: $12 (售價(jià)：12美元)”、Pax and Blue by Lri Richmnd, illustrated by Jake Black部分中“Selling price: $15 (售價(jià)：15美元)”、Dill & Bizzy Oppsite Day by Nra Ericsn, illustrated by Lisa Ericsn部分中“Dill & Bizzy Oppsite Day (售價(jià)：13美元)”可知，最便宜的書售價(jià)11美元，購(gòu)買兩本的話，折后價(jià)為11*2*90%=19.8 (美元)。故選A。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章The Friend Ship by Kat Yeh, illustrated by Chuck Grenink部分中“Hedgehg (刺猬) misunderstands when she verhears that searching fr Friendship might help her be less lnely. She thinks Friendship is an actual ship and starts t lk fr it. Alng her jurney, she meets peple wh als want a friend. They jin her search. Sn, the grup f new friends realizes they are sailing an actual Friend Ship. This clever play n wrds makes fr a heartwarming stry f truth—that smetimes friends are right in frnt f us. (刺猬在無(wú)意中聽(tīng)到尋找友誼可以幫助她減少孤獨(dú)時(shí)，產(chǎn)生了誤解。她認(rèn)為友誼是一艘真正的船，并開(kāi)始尋找它。在她的旅途中，她遇到了一些同樣需要朋友的人。他們加入了她的搜尋。很快，這群新朋友意識(shí)到他們正在駕駛一艘真正的友誼之船。這個(gè)巧妙的文字游戲講述了一個(gè)溫暖人心的真實(shí)故事——有時(shí)朋友就在我們面前。)”可知，這本書揭示了一個(gè)溫暖的真理——有時(shí)候朋友就在我們面前。這個(gè)故事是由Kat Yeh寫的。故選D。
【3題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章Dill & Bizzy Oppsite Day by Nra Ericsn, illustrated by Lisa Ericsn部分中“I lve the illustratins, and they really capture the charm f each f these tw characters — a bird and a duck — wh are best friends. (我喜歡這些插圖，它們真的捕捉到了這兩個(gè)角色的魅力——一只鳥和一只鴨子——它們是最好的朋友。)”可知，作者特別喜歡《Dill & Bizzy Oppsite Day》的插圖。故選D。
B
Cathy was n hliday in Hng Kng, walking fr hurs every day, when her ft started t hurt. She hadn’t fallen r injured herself but it was s painful that she went t see a dctr. She was shcked t discver she had brken a bne in her ft Wrried abut her bne strength, Cathy’s dctr sent her fr a bne density test. It turned ut Cathy had stepenia (骨量減少), the early stage t steprsis (骨質(zhì)疏松癥). She wasn’t prepared fr that. “I was just shcked. I truly believed steprsis was an ld persn’s disease.”
That’s a cmmn assumptin, says Assciate Prfessr Peter Wng, head f rheumatlgy (風(fēng)濕病學(xué)) at Westmead Hspital in Sydney. He says it’s als cmmn fr peple t assume steprsis is a cnditin that affects nly elderly wmen. But steprsis can ccur in yunger wmen, thugh it is less cmmn, and can als affect men.
S what is steprsis? In simple terms, Wng says, it’s when yu have “thin bnes”. Instead f hardy, thick bnes, steprtic bnes are at increased risk f being brken. Yu can even break a bne, as Cathy did, withut nticeable injury.
Because steprsis is painless, sme peple discver they have it nly after they’ve brken a bne and gne fr a scan. While steprsis is cmmn, it’s nt unavidable.
Wng says the best ways t prevent it are by cnsuming enugh calcium and ding regular exercise. He recmmends aiming fr 1,000 milligrams f calcium a day. Fr example, a tub f ygurt r a serve f cheese is a gd amunt f calcium.
Yu als need adequate sunlight expsure, which allws skin t make vitamin D, a crucial cmpnent f strng bnes, Smking can lead t weak bnes, s quitting is advised. If yu have steprsis and have brken a bne, Wng says there are treatments available that can thicken bnes and dramatically reduce yur risk f a further break.
4. Accrding t the first paragraph, why did Cathy g t see a dctr?
A. Because she had n idea why her ft hurt s much.
B. Because walking t much made her ft get injured.
C. Because she thught that a bne was brken in her ft.
D. Because she knew that she was ging t have steprsis.
5. Which f the fllwing statements abut steprsis is crrect?
A. It is knwn that steprsis hardly affects yunger peple.
B. Ostepenia indicates that yu are bund t have steprsis sn.
C. Everyne may have steprsis n matter the age and gender.
D. Osteprsis makes yu mre painful when breaking a bne.
6. Which way can help yu prevent steprsis effectively?
A. Sunbathe as much as pssible until getting sunburnt.
B. Cnsume yur diet with enugh calcium and exercise mre.
C. Try a variety f treatments r therapies and find a suitable ne.
D. G t the hspital fr a bne density test ccasinally.
7. Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. What We Get Wrng abut OsteprsisB. Osteprsis - an Old Persn’s Disease
C. The Gd Ways t Prevent OsteprsisD. The Right Attitude Twards Osteprsis
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了Cathy在香港度假時(shí)因腳部疼痛而發(fā)現(xiàn)患有骨量減少癥（骨質(zhì)疏松癥的早期階段）的情況，并進(jìn)一步解釋了什么是骨質(zhì)疏松癥、其常見(jiàn)的誤解、以及如何預(yù)防和治療。
【4題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Cathy was n hliday in Hng Kng, walking fr hurs every day, when her ft started t hurt. She hadn’t fallen r injured herself but it was s painful that she went t see a dctr. (Cathy在香港度假時(shí)，每天都步行數(shù)小時(shí)，直到有一天她的腳開(kāi)始疼痛。她并沒(méi)有摔倒或受傷，但疼痛難忍，于是去看了醫(yī)生。)”可知，Cathy去看醫(yī)生的原因是她腳疼但她卻不知道為什么腳會(huì)這么疼。故選A。
【5題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“That’s a cmmn assumptin, says Assciate Prfessr Peter Wng, head f rheumatlgy(風(fēng)濕病學(xué))at Westmead Hspital in Sydney. He says it’s als cmmn fr peple t assume steprsis is a cnditin that affects nly elderly wmen. But steprsis can ccur in yunger wmen, thugh it is less cmmn, and can als affect men. (悉尼韋斯特米德醫(yī)院風(fēng)濕病學(xué)主管、副教授Peter Wng表示，這是一種常見(jiàn)的誤解。他還說(shuō)，人們通常還認(rèn)為骨質(zhì)疏松癥只影響老年女性，這也是一種常見(jiàn)的誤解。但骨質(zhì)疏松癥也會(huì)發(fā)生在年輕女性身上，盡管不太常見(jiàn)，而且也會(huì)影響到男性。)”可知，骨質(zhì)疏松癥可以發(fā)生在任何年齡和性別的人群中，盡管某些人群更常見(jiàn)。故選C。
【6題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Wng says the best ways t prevent it are by cnsuming enugh calcium and ding regular exercise. (王教授說(shuō)，預(yù)防骨質(zhì)疏松癥的最好方法是攝取足夠的鈣和進(jìn)行規(guī)律的運(yùn)動(dòng)。)”可知，預(yù)防骨質(zhì)疏松癥的最好方法是攝取足夠的鈣和進(jìn)行規(guī)律的運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選B。
【7題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“That’s a cmmn assumptin, says Assciate Prfessr Peter Wng, head f rheumatlgy(風(fēng)濕病學(xué))at Westmead Hspital in Sydney. (悉尼韋斯特米德醫(yī)院風(fēng)濕病學(xué)主管、副教授Peter Wng表示，這是一種常見(jiàn)的誤解。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章首先通過(guò)一個(gè)案例引出了骨質(zhì)疏松癥，并緊接著指出了人們對(duì)骨質(zhì)疏松癥的常見(jiàn)誤解，然后進(jìn)行了糾正，并提供了預(yù)防骨質(zhì)疏松癥的方法。選項(xiàng)A“What We Get Wrng abut Osteprsis (我們對(duì)骨質(zhì)疏松癥的誤解)”與文章的主題相符，準(zhǔn)確地概括了文章的內(nèi)容。故選A。
C
When it cmes t leading, self-identity matters. Research has shwn that seeing yurself as a leader is an imprtant first step n the path tward becming ne — and reluctance (不情愿) t be identified as a leader can keep capable peple frm taking n leadership respnsibilities. S, why are peple s ften uncmfrtable with thinking f themselves as leaders? T explre this questin, we cnducted a series f studies with mre than 1, 700 participants, and we cnsistently fund that the mre peple wrried abut the reputatinal risks f being a leader, the less likely they were t be identified as ne. Specifically, we identified three cmmn reputatinal fears: fear f seeming bssy, fear f seeming different and fear f seeming unqualified.
Many participants expressed cncern abut being seen as autcratic (專橫的), bssy r dmineering if they were t take n a leadership rle. As ne interviewee put it, “I wuldn’t want t seem pushy, r that I take advantage f weak peple. I wuldn’t want t seem cld.” Interestingly, while much has been written n the use f negative wrds like “bssy” t describe female leaders, we fund that in ur studies, men and wmen were bth afraid f cming acrss in this manner.
The secnd cmmn cncern was that acting as a leader wuld result in being singled ut and receiving t much attentin fr being different frm thers — even if that attentin was psitive. One participant explained, “I dn’t want t be lked up t. I am cmfrtable leading, but at the same time I want t be n the same level as everyne else. “Many peple wrry that if they becme leaders, they will have t sacrifice their sense f belnging within the grup.
Regardless f whether they actually saw themselves as qualified, many participants said that they were afraid that thers wuld view them as unfit fr leadership. As ne shared, “I knw peple ften assciate certain typical images with leadership rles, s that makes me smewhat uncmfrtable. I wrry that if I try t pursue leadership in my field, peple will nt take me seriusly.”
8. What des the underlined wrd “dmineering” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Being prud f neself.B. Nt cnsidering thers’ pinins.
C. Speaking ill f ther emplyees.D. Taking advantage f weak peple.
9. What can we learn frm paragraph 2?
A. Fear f seeming bssy nly fits with female leadership.
B. Bth male and female wrry abut being seen as bssy.
C. Leaders shuld nt care abut what thers think f them.
D. Female leaders are ften described in negative-wrds.
10. What is peple’s cncern t be different?
A. Getting less attentin frm thers.B. Being talked abut by thers.
C. Being n the same level as thers.D. Lacking sense f belnging t a team.
11. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T explain what reputatinal fears are.B. T encurage peple t be leaders.
C. T cmplain abut the leaders in ur life.D. T explain peple’s reluctance t be leaders.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。文章圍繞“人們?yōu)楹纬３２辉笇⒆约阂暈轭I(lǐng)導(dǎo)者”的問(wèn)題展開(kāi)探討，通過(guò)一系列研究結(jié)果來(lái)分析和闡述造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因，包括三種常見(jiàn)的聲譽(yù)擔(dān)憂。
【8題詳解】
詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞所在句“Many participants expressed cncern abut being seen as autcratic(專橫的), bssy r dmineering if they were t take n a leadership rle.(許多參與者表示，如果他們要擔(dān)任領(lǐng)導(dǎo)角色，就會(huì)擔(dān)心被視為獨(dú)裁者、專橫者或……)”中的“autcratic(專橫的), bssy”可推測(cè)，劃線單詞應(yīng)該也是負(fù)面的評(píng)價(jià)，且和這兩個(gè)單詞意思相似。而“autcratic(專橫的), bssy”都和“以自我中心，不考慮別人”相關(guān)。選項(xiàng)A“Being prud f neself (為自己感到驕傲)”；選項(xiàng)B“Nt cnsidering thers’ pinins (不考慮別人的意見(jiàn))”；選項(xiàng)C“Speaking ill f ther emplyees (說(shuō)其他員工的壞話)”；選項(xiàng)D“Taking advantage f weak peple (利用弱小的人)”。故選B。
【9題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Interestingly, while much has been written n the use f negative wrds like “bssy” t describe female leaders, we fund that in ur studies, men and wmen were bth afraid f cming acrss in this manner.(有趣的是，盡管有很多文章都在討論用‘專橫’等負(fù)面詞匯來(lái)描述女性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，但我們的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，男性和女性都害怕給人留下這樣的印象。)”可知，男性和女性都擔(dān)心被視為專橫。故選B。
【10題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“The secnd cmmn cncern was that acting as a leader wuld result in being singled ut and receiving t much attentin fr being different frm thers—even if that attentin was psitive. One participant explained, “I dn’t want t be lked up t. I am cmfrtable leading, but at the same time I want t be n the same level as everyne else. “Many peple wrry that if they becme leaders, they will have t sacrifice their sense f belnging within the grup.(第二個(gè)常見(jiàn)擔(dān)憂是，作為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者會(huì)讓自己被單獨(dú)挑出來(lái)，因與眾不同而受到過(guò)多關(guān)注——即使這種關(guān)注是正面的。一位參與者解釋道：“我不想被仰望。我喜歡領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，但同時(shí)我也想和大家處于同一水平線上?！痹S多人擔(dān)心，如果他們成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，就必須犧牲自己在群體中的歸屬感。)”可知，人們對(duì)與眾不同的擔(dān)憂是“犧牲自己在群體中的歸屬感”，即“缺乏團(tuán)隊(duì)歸屬感”。故選D。
【11題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“S, why are peple s ften uncmfrtable with thinking f themselves as leaders? T explre this questin, we cnducted a series f studies with mre than 1, 700 participants, and we cnsistently fund that the mre peple wrried abut the reputatinal risks f being a leader, the less likely they were t be identified as ne. Specifically, we identified three cmmn reputatinal fears: fear f seeming bssy, fear f seeming different and fear f seeming unqualified.(那么，為什么人們常常不愿將自己視為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者呢？為了探究這個(gè)問(wèn)題，我們對(duì)1700多名參與者進(jìn)行了一系列研究，并始終發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們對(duì)成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者可能帶來(lái)的聲譽(yù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)越擔(dān)憂，他們就越不可能被認(rèn)定為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。具體而言，我們確定了三種常見(jiàn)的聲譽(yù)擔(dān)憂：擔(dān)心顯得專橫、擔(dān)心顯得與眾不同以及擔(dān)心顯得不勝任。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章詳細(xì)解釋了人們不愿意成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的三個(gè)聲譽(yù)恐懼的原因，所以整篇文章都在解釋人們不愿意成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的原因。故選D。
D
Vilence is a central cncept fr describing scial relatinships amng humans, a cncept laded with ethical and plitical significance. Verbal vilence, mst ften als labeled verbal abuse, is a cmmn variety f vilence, which cntains a relatively large range. f behavirs, including accusing, undermining, verbal threatening, rdering, trivializing (輕視), cnstant frgetting, silencing, name-calling, pen criticizing. It is cmpatible (共存的) with ther frms f vilence, including physical vilence and psychlgical vilence. Fr instance, in mst bullying behavirs we d find all three kinds f vilence (and verbal vilence seems t be the mst essential frm f vilence t bullying—yu can have n bullying withut verbal threat.)
As with psychlgical vilence, the questin is psed f what srts f reactins may be regarded as legitimate (合法的) with respect t verbal vilence. Des a verbal threat give smene the leeway (余地) t respnd with physical vilence? We d find tw quite distinct camps here: accrding t sme, n act f verbal vilence may justify a physically vilent reactin; accrding t anther camp, instead, verbally vilent behavir may be as damaging, if nt mre damaging, than physically vilent behavirs.
On the ther hand, verbal vilence may be smetimes seen als as a frm f liberatin fr the mst ppressed. The exercise f humr may be in sme cases invlved with sme frms f verbal vilence: frm plitically incrrect jkes t simple mcking, humr may seem a manner t exercise vilence ver ther peple. At the same time, humr is amngst the mst gentle tls fr scial prtests, as it requires n special wealth and prbably causes n physical damage and need nt cause great psychlgical distress.
The exercise f verbal vilence, perhaps mre than any ther frms f vilence, requires a cntinuus check n the part f the speaker f the reactins t their wrds: humans almst invariably end up exercising vilence ver each ther; it is nly by educating urselves t try and keep frm behavirs that ur acquaintances d find vilent that we may be able t live peacefully.
12. Which f the fllwing is true abut verbal vilence accrding t the first paragraph?
A. It is nt related t ethical r plitical issues.
B. It nly includes name-calling and public criticism.
C. It can be fund in mst bullying behavirs.
D. It is nt cmpatible with ther frms f vilence.
13. What can we knw frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. Legitimate respnse t verbal vilence is f majr cncern.
B. Act f verbal vilence justifies and authrizes a physical reactin.
C. Verbal vilence is undubtedly as destructive as physical vilence.
D. Verbal vilence has n essential difference with psychlgical vilence.
14. Why is humr regarded as ne f the gentlest tls fr scial prtests?
A. Because the pr can als use humr fr scial prtests.
B. Because it will nt cst the interests f the prtester.
C. Because it is mre acceptable than ther frms f vilence.
D. Because it will nly result in mild cnsequences.
15. What des this passage mainly talk abut?
A. Hw t respnd t verbal vilence prperly.B. Explaining what verbal vilence is.
C. Hw t crrectly view verbal vilence.D. The different types f verbal vilence.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要圍繞“言語(yǔ)暴力”這一主題展開(kāi)，探討言語(yǔ)暴力作為暴力形式之一，其定義、合法性爭(zhēng)議及對(duì)個(gè)人和社會(huì)的影響。
【12題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Fr instance, in mst bullying behavirs we d find all three kinds f vilence(and verbal vilence seems t be the mst essential frm f vilence t bullying—yu can have n bullying withut verbal threat.)(例如，在大多數(shù)欺凌行為中，我們確實(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了這三種暴力形式（言語(yǔ)暴力似乎是欺凌行為中最基本的暴力形式——沒(méi)有言語(yǔ)威脅就不可能有欺凌）)”可知，言語(yǔ)暴力可以在大多數(shù)欺凌行為中找到。故選C。
【13題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“As with psychlgical vilence, the questin is psed f what srts f reactins may be regarded as legitimate(合法的)with respect t verbal vilence. Des a verbal threat give smene the leeway(余地)t respnd with physical vilence? We d find tw quite distinct camps here: accrding t sme, n act f verbal vilence may justify a physically vilent reactin; accrding t anther camp, instead, verbally vilent behavir may be as damaging, if nt mre damaging, than physically vilent behavirs.(就像心理暴力一樣，問(wèn)題在于對(duì)于言語(yǔ)暴力，什么樣的反應(yīng)可以被視為合法的。言語(yǔ)威脅是否給了某人以身體暴力回應(yīng)的余地？在這里，我們確實(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)截然不同的陣營(yíng)：一些人認(rèn)為，任何言語(yǔ)暴力行為都不能成為身體暴力反應(yīng)的正當(dāng)理由；而另一個(gè)陣營(yíng)則認(rèn)為，言語(yǔ)暴力行為如果不比身體暴力行為更具破壞性，那么也至少同樣具有破壞性。)”可知，對(duì)言語(yǔ)暴力的合法回應(yīng)是文章的一個(gè)主要關(guān)注點(diǎn)。故選A。
【14題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“At the same time, humr is amngst the mst gentle tls fr scial prtests, as it requires n special wealth and prbably causes n physical damage and need nt cause great psychlgical distress.(同時(shí)，幽默是社會(huì)抗議中最溫和的工具之一，因?yàn)樗恍枰貏e的財(cái)富，可能不會(huì)造成身體傷害，也不一定會(huì)造成巨大的心理困擾。)”可知，幽默不需要特別的財(cái)富，可能不會(huì)造成身體傷害，也不一定會(huì)造成巨大的心理困擾，也就是說(shuō)幽默不會(huì)損害抗議者的自身利益。故選B。
【15題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章第一段主要介紹了言語(yǔ)暴力的定義和表現(xiàn)形式；第二段討論了對(duì)于言語(yǔ)暴力，什么樣的反應(yīng)可以被視為合法的；第三段則討論了言語(yǔ)暴力在不同情境下可能產(chǎn)生的不同影響，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了對(duì)于言語(yǔ)暴力的實(shí)施，需要說(shuō)話者不斷檢查其言語(yǔ)對(duì)他人的反應(yīng)。整體來(lái)看，文章并不是在單純地解釋什么是言語(yǔ)暴力或列舉其類型，而是在探討如何正確地看待和處理言語(yǔ)暴力這一問(wèn)題。故選C。
第二節(jié)（共 5 小題; 每小題 2.5 分, 滿分 12.5 分）
閱讀下面短文, 從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Mst f us have sme resistance t cnflict. Instead f dealing with issues directly, we try t be “nice” and end up spending lts f time talking t urselves r thers — cmplaining, feeling upset, thinking smething that already happened ver and ver again. ___16___ Yur health and self-esteem (自尊) may suffer and yu think that yu’re a victim. Belw are three tips.
1)Speak bjectively and make requests
Yu shuld use bservatins instead f labels. Fr example, in the case f the direct reprt, he r she is likely t be unhappy if yu say, “I need t talk t yu abut hw badly yu cme ff in the meeting.” Instead, talk abut what yu bserved: “I nticed in the last meeting yur bdy language changed and yu reacted strngly when the speaker said smething wrng. I’d lve t discuss hw yu culd share yur cncerns in a better way.” ___17___
2)Keep a calm behavir
___18___ But it desn’t. Yu can be yurself and remain kind, fair, and calm in these situatins by being clear, fcusing n the essence f the cnflict, and making a request t ensure yur prblem is slved.
3) ___19___
Like any muscle yu build, it takes practice befre yu can imprve yur abilities. ___20___. In the prcess f reflectin, please ask yurself: What caused my anxiety and why des this feel persnal? What request am I nt making? Then, take actin.
A. Start with baby steps.
B. But this can have serius csts.
C. Therefre, this actin is bad fr yur health.
D. Then yu can g further and ask fr imprvement.
E. Start with easier situatins first and reflect hw t address the cnflict.
F. Try t d as many things as pssible at nce, and d each ne perfectly.
G. Peple wh shy away frm cnflict ften think that it has t lk aggressive.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. G 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了面對(duì)沖突時(shí)，大多數(shù)人選擇逃避而不是直接解決，但逃避沖突可能會(huì)付出嚴(yán)重的代價(jià)，如損害健康和自尊。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Instead f dealing with issues directly, we try t be “nice” and end up spending lts f time talking t urselves r thers—cmplaining, feeling upset, thinking smething that already happened ver and ver again.(我們不是直接處理問(wèn)題，而是試圖表現(xiàn)得“友善”，結(jié)果花費(fèi)大量時(shí)間與自己或他人交談——抱怨、感到難過(guò)、反復(fù)思考已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情。)”可知，大多數(shù)人面對(duì)沖突時(shí)，不是直接解決問(wèn)題，而是選擇逃避，最后花很多時(shí)間抱怨、難過(guò)和反復(fù)思考已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情，此處指出逃避沖突的行為，接下來(lái)應(yīng)該說(shuō)明逃避沖突可能帶來(lái)的后果。選項(xiàng)B“But this can have serius csts.(但這可能會(huì)付出嚴(yán)重的代價(jià))”能夠承接上文，指出逃避沖突的后果，且“this”指代上文的逃避沖突的行為，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Fr example, in the case f the direct reprt, he r she is likely t be unhappy if yu say, “I need t talk t yu abut hw badly yu cme ff in the meeting.” Instead, talk abut what yu bserved: “I nticed in the last meeting yur bdy language changed and yu reacted strngly when the speaker said smething wrng. I’d lve t discuss hw yu culd share yur cncerns in a better way.”(例如，在直接報(bào)告的情況下，如果你說(shuō)，“我需要和你談?wù)勀阍跁?huì)議上表現(xiàn)得有多糟糕?！彼蛩赡軙?huì)不高興。相反，談?wù)撃阌^察到的情況：“我注意到在上次會(huì)議上，你的肢體語(yǔ)言發(fā)生了變化，當(dāng)演講者說(shuō)錯(cuò)話時(shí)，你反應(yīng)強(qiáng)烈。我很想討論一下，你如何能以更好的方式表達(dá)你的擔(dān)憂?！?”可知，此句舉例說(shuō)明如何客觀表達(dá)并做出請(qǐng)求，即先描述觀察到的情況，然后提出希望對(duì)方改進(jìn)的方面，此處應(yīng)該承接上文，說(shuō)明這樣做的好處，即可以進(jìn)一步要求對(duì)方改進(jìn)。選項(xiàng)D“Then yu can g further and ask fr imprvement.(然后你可以進(jìn)一步要求改進(jìn)。)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，指出婉轉(zhuǎn)表達(dá)情況后，可以提出希望對(duì)方改進(jìn)的方面。故選D。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容“But it desn’t. Yu can be yurself and remain kind, fair, and calm in these situatins by being clear, fcusing n the essence f the cnflict, and making a request t ensure yur prblem is slved.(但事實(shí)并非如此。在這些情況下，你可以保持真實(shí)的自己，保持友善、公正和冷靜，通過(guò)表達(dá)清晰、關(guān)注沖突的本質(zhì)并提出請(qǐng)求來(lái)確保你的問(wèn)題得到解決。)”可知，該句與前一句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，指出雖然面對(duì)沖突時(shí)人們可能會(huì)認(rèn)為必須表現(xiàn)得有攻擊性，但實(shí)際上并非如此，人們可以保持冷靜和理智。選項(xiàng)G“Peple wh shy away frm cnflict ften think that it has t lk aggressive.(回避沖突的人往往認(rèn)為它必須看起來(lái)有攻擊性。)”符合語(yǔ)境，且與后一句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，其中“aggressive”與后一句中的“kind, fair, and calm”形成對(duì)比。故選G。
【19題詳解】
空處為本段小標(biāo)題，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文“Like any muscle yu build, it takes practice befre yu can imprve yur abilities.(就像你鍛煉任何肌肉一樣，在提高你的能力之前需要練習(xí)。)”以及整段可知，本段講述的是我們可以從小事做起，慢慢練習(xí)如何解決沖突。選項(xiàng)A“Start with baby steps.(從小事做起)”是本段內(nèi)容的概括，與本段內(nèi)容相一致。故選A。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容“In the prcess f reflectin, please ask yurself: What caused my anxiety and why des this feel persnal? What request am I nt making? Then, take actin.(在反思的過(guò)程中，請(qǐng)問(wèn)自己：是什么引起了我的焦慮，為什么這讓我覺(jué)得是針對(duì)個(gè)人的？我沒(méi)有提出什么要求？然后，采取行動(dòng)。)”可推測(cè)，空處提到我們要反思。選項(xiàng)E“Start with easier situatins first and reflect hw t address the cnflict.(先從簡(jiǎn)單的情況開(kāi)始，并反思如何解決沖突。)”中的“start”和下文的“then”形成一致；而“reflect”也和下文的“In the prcess f reflectin”相符。故選E。
第三部分 語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié), 滿分30分）
第一節(jié)（共 15 小題; 每小題 1分, 滿分 15分）
閱讀下面短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
Five years ag, the phtgrapher Cassandra Girald fell int step with sme teenagers n their way t a mall. She spent the next several mnths ___21___ tw f the girls, April and Desire, until their graduatin frm the eighth grade.
“They pened their whle wrlds t me,” said Ms. Girald. “They bth came frm single-mther ___22___ ,” she said. “They had t help their ___23___ take care f ther kids, which made them becme mre ___24___ and mature.”
That ___25___ became the seed fr The After Schl Prject, Ms. Girald’s cntinuing Instagram series dcumenting hw students ___26___ the interlude (間歇) between schl and hme.
“I’m trying t ___27___ these kids at their mst authentic (真實(shí)的) time,” she said. “They’re nt being ___28___ by the adults.” She phtgraphed them playing sprts, r just hanging ut. “I’ve experienced after-schl time as this ___29___ time,” she said. “It’s amazing t ___30___ the same kids time and time again. I see hw they get alng and quarrel with each ther.”
Nw studying educatin reprting at university, Ms. Girald has ___31___ mre abut the teenagers in institutins. She plans t turn the ___32___ int a website fr students and educatrs — and t check in with her frmer ___33___ April and Desire, wh are abut t graduate frm high schl. “ ___34___ , they taught me hw t be a ___35___ , t be hnest. Hw t capture intimacy (親密), t spend time, t slw dwn, t be thughtful,” Ms. Girald said.
21. A. prtectingB. dcumentingC. guidingD. accmpanying
22. A. husehldsB. rganizatinsC. teamsD. classes
23. A. teachersB. leadersC. mmsD. friends
24. A. sympatheticB. adrableC. hpefulD. respnsible
25. A. activityB. stryC. experienceD. prcess
26. A. spendB. describeC. recrdD. memrize
27. A. talk tB. take pictures fC. wrk withD. watch mvies with
28. A. watchedB. educatedC. supprtedD. lcked
29 A. rughB. greatC. shrtD. right
30. A. lk afterB. take inC. turn tD. run int
31. A. arguedB. learnedC. wrriedD. cmplained
32. A. taskB. tradeC. prjectD. arrangement
33. A. subjectsB. custmersC. classmatesD. clleagues
34. A. GenerallyB. AmusinglyC. StrangelyD. Thankfully
35. A. writerB. studentC. phtgrapherD. directr
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述了攝影師Cassandra Girald跟蹤記錄兩個(gè)女孩放學(xué)后的生活的經(jīng)歷。
【21題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來(lái)的幾個(gè)月里，她記錄了其中兩個(gè)女孩April和Desire的生活，直到她們從八年級(jí)畢業(yè)。A. prtecting保護(hù)；B. dcumenting記錄；C. guiding指導(dǎo)；D. accmpanying陪伴。根據(jù)下文“Ms. Girald’s cntinuing Instagram series dcumenting hw students ___6___ the interlude (間歇) between schl and hme.”可知，此處是dcumenting詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)，指她記錄了其中兩個(gè)女孩April和Desire的生活，故選B。
【22題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“她們都來(lái)自單親家庭，”她說(shuō)。A. husehlds家庭；B. rganizatins組織；C. teams團(tuán)隊(duì)；D. classes班級(jí)。根據(jù)空前“single-mther”可知，此處指單親家庭，故選A。
【23題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她們不得不幫助媽媽照顧其他孩子，這使她們變得更加負(fù)責(zé)任和成熟。A. teachers老師；B. leaders領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；C. mms媽媽；D. friends朋友。根據(jù)上文“single-mther”和下文“take care f ther kids”可知，她們來(lái)自單親家庭，不得不幫助媽媽照顧其他孩子，故選C。
【24題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A. sympathetic同情的；B. adrable可愛(ài)的；C. hpeful有希望的；D. respnsible負(fù)責(zé)任的。根據(jù)上文“take care f ther kids”可知，幫助照顧其他孩子應(yīng)是讓她們變得更加有責(zé)任心，故選D。
【25題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這段經(jīng)歷為Girald女士的After Schl Prject埋下了種子，她在Instagram上繼續(xù)拍攝一系列照片，記錄學(xué)生們是如何度過(guò)學(xué)校和家之間的間歇期的。A. activity活動(dòng)；B. stry故事；C. experience經(jīng)歷；D. prcess過(guò)程。此處是指上文她記錄兩個(gè)女孩生活的經(jīng)歷，這次經(jīng)歷為她的項(xiàng)目埋下了種子。故選C。
【26題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A. spend花費(fèi)，度過(guò)；B. describe描述；C. recrd記錄；D. memrize記住。根據(jù)上文提到兩個(gè)女孩幫助媽媽照顧孩子以及空后“the interlude (間歇) between schl and hme”可知，她記錄學(xué)生們是如何度過(guò)學(xué)校和家之間的間歇期的。故選A。
【27題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：“我試圖在這些孩子最真實(shí)的時(shí)候拍下他們的照片，”她說(shuō)。A. talk t和……談話；B. take pictures f拍照；C. wrk with和……一起工作；D. watch mvies with和……看電影。根據(jù)下文“She phtgraphed them playing sprts, r just hanging ut.(她拍下了她們做運(yùn)動(dòng)或只是閑逛的照片)”可知，此處指拍照片。故選B。
【28題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們不在成年人的照看之下。A. watched觀看，照看；B. educated教育；C. supprted支持；D. lcked鎖。根據(jù)上文“the interlude (間歇) between schl and hme”以及“She phtgraphed them playing sprts, r just hanging ut.(她拍下了她們做運(yùn)動(dòng)或只是閑逛的照片)”可知，這段間歇時(shí)間孩子們不在成年人的監(jiān)管照看之下。故選A。
【29題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她說(shuō)：“我覺(jué)得放學(xué)后的時(shí)光很美好?！盇. rugh粗糙的；B. great美妙的；C. shrt短暫的；D. right正確的。根據(jù)下文“It’s amazing…”可知，她認(rèn)為放學(xué)后的時(shí)光很美好。故選B。
【30題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：一次又一次地遇到同樣孩子真是太棒了。A. lk after照顧；B. take in吸收；C. turn t求助于；D. run int遇到。根據(jù)下文“I see hw they get alng and quarrel with each ther.(我看他們是怎么相處的，互相吵架)”可知，Girald女士經(jīng)常遇到她們。故選D。
【31題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)教育報(bào)告的Girald女士對(duì)機(jī)構(gòu)中的青少年有了更多的了解。A. argued爭(zhēng)辯；B. learned學(xué)習(xí)；C. wrried擔(dān)心；D. cmplained抱怨。根據(jù)“Nw studying educatin reprting at university”可知，此處指“對(duì)機(jī)構(gòu)中的青少年有了更多的了解”。故選B。
【32題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她計(jì)劃把這個(gè)項(xiàng)目變成一個(gè)面向?qū)W生和教育工作者的網(wǎng)站，并與她以前的實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象April和Desire聯(lián)系，她們即將從高中畢業(yè)。A. task任務(wù)；B. trade貿(mào)易；C. prject項(xiàng)目；D. arrangement安排。此處指上文的“The After Schl Prject”。故選C。
【33題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A. subjects實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象；B. custmers顧客；C. classmates同學(xué)；D. clleagues同事。根據(jù)上文“She spent the next several mnths ___1___ tw f the girls”可知，這兩個(gè)女孩是她一開(kāi)始的實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象。故選A。
【34題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我很感激她們教會(huì)了我如何成為一名攝影師，如何變得誠(chéng)實(shí)。A. Generally通常，一般地；B. Amusingly有趣地，好笑地；C. Strangely奇怪地；D. Thankfully感謝地。根據(jù)“they taught me hw t be a ___15___ , t be hnest”可知，Girald女士對(duì)兩個(gè)女孩心懷感恩，故選D。
【35題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A. writer作家；B. student學(xué)生；C. phtgrapher攝影師；D. directr導(dǎo)演。根據(jù)文章首句中“the phtgrapher Cassandra Girald”可知，Girald是一位攝影師。故選C。
第二節(jié)（共10小題; 每小題1.5分, 滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
In the past century and a half, China ___36___ (experience) five f the wrld’s 10 severest natural disasters, while ___37___ tp three severest natural disasters in wrld histry all ccurred in China.
Hwever, with the internet f things technlgy, the natin can nw prvide crucial supprt thrugh early warning systems and detectin f natural disasters, as well as enhance emergency respnse in rder ___38___ (prtect) the ppulatin.
Internet f things technlgy is based n intercnnectin thrugh the internet f cmputing devices in everyday bjects, ___39___ (enable) them t send and receive data. This technlgy is pwering research in everything frm driverless cars ___40___ smart refrigeratrs. The ___41___ (develp) f lw pwer wide area, r LPWA, technlgy in the past tw years, cmbined with internet f things applicatins, is fast Becming the rute t prtecting Chinese infrastructure (基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施).
LPWA technlgy allws tt wireless telecmmunicatin netwrks acrss lng ranges at ___42___ (extreme)lw bit rates, meaning that small individual bjects such as sensrs (傳感器) can be placed acrss vast distances in rder t detect natural disasters. A wide range f ___43___ (envirnment) cnditins can be mnitred and integrated as part f an early warning system.
Internet f things acceleratrs (加速器), such as the nes ___44___ (fund) by Ericssn in China earlier this year, are making it increasingly affrdable t set large numbers f sensrs acrss an area ____45____ natural disasters ccur. The quantity f sensrs cnnected means that it is easier t manage envirnmental data n nise, water and air.
【答案】36. has experienced
37. the 38. t prtect
39. enabling
40. t 41. develpment
42. extremely
43. envirnmental
44. funded 45. where
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了中國(guó)在過(guò)去一個(gè)半世紀(jì)中經(jīng)歷的自然災(zāi)害情況，并重點(diǎn)闡述了物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)在自然災(zāi)害預(yù)警、檢測(cè)和應(yīng)急響應(yīng)方面的應(yīng)用及其重要性。
【36題詳解】
考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在過(guò)去的一個(gè)半世紀(jì)里，中國(guó)經(jīng)歷了世界上十場(chǎng)最嚴(yán)重的自然災(zāi)害中的五場(chǎng)，而世界歷史上最嚴(yán)重的三場(chǎng)自然災(zāi)害都發(fā)生在中國(guó)。分析句子成分可知，空處為本句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“in the past century and a half”可知，本句時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主語(yǔ)為“China”，單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填has experienced。
【37題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：在過(guò)去的一個(gè)半世紀(jì)里，中國(guó)經(jīng)歷了世界上十場(chǎng)最嚴(yán)重的自然災(zāi)害中的五場(chǎng)，而世界歷史上最嚴(yán)重的三場(chǎng)自然災(zāi)害都發(fā)生在中國(guó)。分析句子成分可知，空處限定名詞，表示特指，用定冠詞。故填the。
【38題詳解】
考查固定搭配。句意：然而，憑借物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)，中國(guó)現(xiàn)在能夠通過(guò)自然災(zāi)害預(yù)警系統(tǒng)和檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)提供關(guān)鍵支持，并加強(qiáng)應(yīng)急響應(yīng)，以保護(hù)民眾。根據(jù)句意可知，空處為固定搭配：in rder t d sth.，意為“為了……”，符合句意。故填t prtect。
【39題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)基于日常物品中計(jì)算設(shè)備的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接，使它們能夠發(fā)送和接收數(shù)據(jù)。分析句子成分可知，空處考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞擔(dān)當(dāng)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，表示主句一句話所產(chǎn)生的自然而然的結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填enabling。
【40題詳解】
考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：這項(xiàng)技術(shù)正在推動(dòng)從無(wú)人駕駛汽車到智能冰箱等各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的研究。根據(jù)句意可知，空處考查固定短語(yǔ)：frm…t…，意為“從……到……”，符合句意。故填t。
【41題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：過(guò)去兩年，低功耗廣域（LPWA）技術(shù)的發(fā)展，結(jié)合物聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)用，正迅速成為保護(hù)中國(guó)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的途徑。分析句子成分可知，空處為名詞形式擔(dān)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，意為“發(fā)展”，表抽象意義，為不可數(shù)名詞，故填develpment。
【42題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：LPWA技術(shù)允許以極低的比特率在長(zhǎng)距離內(nèi)進(jìn)行無(wú)線電信網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸，這意味著可以將小型個(gè)體對(duì)象（如傳感器）放置在廣闊區(qū)域中，以檢測(cè)自然災(zāi)害。分析句子成分可知，空處考查修飾形容詞“l(fā)w”用副詞形式，意為“極其”。故填extremely。
【43題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：可以監(jiān)測(cè)廣泛的環(huán)境條件，并將其作為預(yù)警系統(tǒng)的一部分進(jìn)行整合。分析句子成分可知，空處考查形容詞形式，修飾空后的“cnditins”。故填envirnmental。
【44題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)加速器，如今年早些時(shí)候愛(ài)立信在中國(guó)資助的那些，正使得在自然災(zāi)害發(fā)生的地區(qū)部署大量傳感器變得越來(lái)越經(jīng)濟(jì)可行。分析句子成分可知，空處考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞擔(dān)當(dāng)后置定語(yǔ)，被修飾詞“the nes”和動(dòng)詞“fund”之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞形式。故填funded。
【45題詳解】
考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)加速器，如今年早些時(shí)候愛(ài)立信在中國(guó)資助的那些，正使得在自然災(zāi)害發(fā)生的地區(qū)部署大量傳感器變得越來(lái)越經(jīng)濟(jì)可行。考查定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞，先行詞為“an area”，在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系副詞“where”引導(dǎo)。故填where。
第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié), 滿分40分）
第一節(jié)（滿分 15 分）
46. 假定你是李華，上周你校成功舉辦了“學(xué)生插花作品大賽（Student Flral Design Cmpetitin）”。請(qǐng)你給校報(bào)英語(yǔ)欄目寫一篇文章，報(bào)道一下該活動(dòng)。內(nèi)容包括：
（1）活動(dòng)情況；
（2）活動(dòng)意義。
注意：（1）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；
（2）請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Student Flral Design Cmpetitin Ends Successfully
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Last Friday, all the students and teachers in ur schl witnessed the Student Flral Design Cmpetitin taking place n the playgrund f ur schl.
The cmpetitin began with an pening address by the principle, wh emphasized the significance f the event in fstering creativity, envirnmental awareness and a sense f aesthetic appreciatin amng students. As the curtains parted, a lt f flral masterpieces came int view. Each participant presented their unique and beautiful flral arrangements, incrprating varius clrs, shapes and textures t create stunning displays.
The cmpetitin nt nly highlighted the students’ artistic abilities but als encuraged them t develp their skills in design, cmpsitin and verall presentatin.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生給校報(bào)英語(yǔ)欄目寫一篇文章，報(bào)道上周學(xué)校成功舉辦的“學(xué)生插花作品大賽”。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
見(jiàn)證：witness→see
比賽：cmpetitin→match
強(qiáng)調(diào)：emphasize→stress
鼓勵(lì)：encurage→inspire
2.句式拓展
改寫同義句
原句：The cmpetitin nt nly highlighted the students’ artistic abilities but als encuraged them t develp their skills in design, cmpsitin and verall presentatin.
拓展句：Nt nly did the cmpetitin highlight the students’ artistic abilities but als encurage them t develp their skills in design, cmpsitin and verall presentatin.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】The cmpetitin began with an pening address by the principle, wh emphasized the significance f the event in fstering creativity, envirnmental awareness and a sense f aesthetic appreciatin amng students.（運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句）
【高分句型2】Each participant presented their unique and beautiful flral arrangements, incrprating varius clrs, shapes and textures t create stunning displays.（運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)）
第二節(jié)（滿分 25 分）
47. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Tw bys, Jack and Tm, have been inseparable since childhd, sharing laughter, tears, and cuntless adventures. Their friendship was like a big tree, rted deep in the sil f their hearts, weathering every strm that came their way.
As they grew lder, Jack and Tm attended the same schl, where they cntinued t grw up academically and scially. They were bth extrardinary students, but it was their friendship that set them apart frm thers. They supprted each ther thrugh thick and thin, always ready t lend a helping hand r a listening ear t each ther.
Smetime later, Jack’s family faced a severe financial crisis, frcing them t mve away frm their belved twn. The news brke Jack and Tm’s wrld, as they had never imagined a life withut each ther. Hwever, they vwed (發(fā)誓) t remain in tuch and prmised t visit each ther as ften as they culd.
Over the years, Jack and Tm tk different paths in life. Jack did excellent in his studies and eventually landed a very gd jb in a big city, while Tm pursued his passin fr art and became a successful artist. Despite their busy schedules, they never frgt their prmise and made sure t keep in tuch thrugh letters, phne calls, and ccasinal visits.
One summer, Jack received terrible news—Tm had been diagnsed (診斷) with a rare cancer. Heartbrken, Jack immediately bked the first flight back t their hmetwn t be by his friend’s side. When he arrived, he fund Tm weak and fragile (脆弱的), but his spirit remained unbrken.
In the days f pain and uncertainty, Jack and Tm’s bnd simply grew strnger. They spent hurs recalling their childhd adventures, laughing at ld jkes and sharing stries f their lives. Jack wuld read bks t Tm, wh wuld paint pictures inspired by their memries. Thrugh their lve and supprt fr each ther, they fund strength t face the challenges that lay ahead. Hwever, as the days turned int weeks, Tm’s cnditin wrsened.
注意：
(1)續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右；
(2)請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Learning abut Tm’s terrible cnditin Jack firmly quit his jb in the city.
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With Tm’s final wish buried in his heart, Jack returned t the city and fund anther jb.
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【答案】Learning abut Tm’s terrible cnditin, Jack firmly quit his jb in the city. He decided t lk after Tm tgether with Tm’s families. Knwing what Jack had dne, Tm was shcked, “Jack, yu shuldn’t have quit yur jb just t attend t me.” “As yur best friend, this is what I shuld d. I’ve made up my mind and nthing can change it!” Jack respnded. Tm was mved t tears, “Thank yu! But yu must prmise me yu’ll spread ur friendship t thers after my death.” Jack ndded, tears streaming dwn his face. Several days later, Tm passed away.
With Tm’s final wish buried in his heart, Jack returned t the city and fund anther jb. He wrked hard and achieved success. Hwever, he always remembered the friendship with Tm. Whenever he had time, he visited Tm’s parents and ffered them the necessary help. He kept Tm’s final wish in mind and made it his missin t spread the value f friendship t thers, inspiring them t treasure their wn friendships and create strng bnds. True friendship can span time and space, leaving a lasting mark n the hearts f thse wh have experienced it.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文以人物為線索展開(kāi)，講述了Jack和Tm兩個(gè)男孩從童年到成年的深厚友誼，以及面對(duì)人生變故和困難時(shí)如何相互扶持、共同面對(duì)的故事，展現(xiàn)了友誼的力量和真諦。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“得知Tm的糟糕狀況后，Jack毅然決然地辭去了城里的工作?！币约暗诙问拙鋬?nèi)容“帶著Tm最后的遺愿，Jack回到了城市并找到了另一份工作?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫Tm得知Jack所做的一切，非常感動(dòng)。兩個(gè)好朋友共同度過(guò)了Tm人生中最后的時(shí)光。但是，Tm還是去世了。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“帶著Tm最后的遺愿，Jack回到了城市并找到了另一份工作?！笨芍诙慰擅鑼慗ack又找到一份工作，生活也開(kāi)始走上正軌。Jack完成了Tm的遺愿，激勵(lì)人們珍惜友誼。
2.續(xù)寫線索：辭去工作——Jack非常感動(dòng)——一起照顧Tm——離開(kāi)人世——希望友誼傳遞——到城市找到工作——取得成功——經(jīng)?？赐鸗m的父母——牢記Tm的遺愿
3.詞匯激活
行為類
①?zèng)Q定：decide/make a decisin/determine
②照顧：lk after/take care f
③回復(fù)：respnd/reply
④激勵(lì)：inspire/encurage
情緒類
①震驚的：shcked/surprised/stunned
②感動(dòng)的：mved/tuched
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】As yur best friend, this is what I shuld d.（運(yùn)用了what引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句）
【高分句型2】Whenever he had time, he visited Tm’s parents and ffered them the necessary help.（運(yùn)用了whenever引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句）

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