本試卷共16頁(yè)?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。
注意事項(xiàng)：1. 答卷前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)碼填寫(xiě)清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。
2. 答題時(shí)請(qǐng)按要求用筆。
3. 請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效；在草稿紙、試卷上答題無(wú)效。
4. 作圖可先使用鉛筆畫(huà)出，確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。
5. 保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。
第一部分 聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）
聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一個(gè)小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
1. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Dctr and patient.
B. Interviewer and interviewee.
C. Custmer and drug stre assistant.
2. When will the speakers discuss their plans?
A. Befre dinner. B. During dinner. C. After dinner.
3. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. An apartment. B. A park. C. A bill.
4. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. At the airprt. B. In the pst ffice. C. In the restaurant.
5. Hw des the man usually g t schl?
A. By taking a subway. B. By taking a bus. C. By driving a car.
第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）
聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白, 獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。
6. What will the speakers d this Saturday evening?
A. Visit a Prject Hpe schl.
B. Cllect mney fr Prject Hpe.
C. Gather sme vlunteers in their schl.
7. When will vlunteers get tgether befre the fair begins?
A. At 7：15 pm. B. At 6：45 pm. C. At 6：00 pm.
聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。
8. Why will the man g t Germany?
A. T visit a friend there.
B. T have a summer vacatin there.
C. T have an internatinal meeting there.
9. What des the wman advise the man t d when he visits smene?
A. Bring sme flwers as a gift.
B. Arrive at the friend’s family n time.
C. Present the friend sme precius gifts.
聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至13題。
10. Hw lng has the man been feeling unwell?
A. Fr abut 2 r 3 days.
B. Fr abut 3 r 4 days.
C. Fr abut 4 r 5 days.
11. What caused the man t give up smking?
A. His serius disease. B. The dctr’s request. C. His family members’ advice.
12. What treatment des the wman give t the man?
A. Checking his chest. B. Clearing his thrat. C. Giving him sme aspirins.
13. What des the wman suggest?
A. Ging t wrk. B. Having a rest in bed. C. Taking further medical test.
聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。
14. Wh is likely t be at the tp f his class this year?
A. Jack. B. Mark. C. Jasn.
15. What is Jasn hping t d?
A. Becme a prfessr.
B. G t Harvard University.
C. G ut t enjy himself fr a change.
16. What is Mark interested in?
A. Law. B. Basketball. C. Ftball.
17. What is the wman’s suggestin t the man?
A. T have a talk with Mark.
B. T agree t make mney frm sprts.
C. T help Jasn with his future plans.
聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。
18. Which f the fllwing thing is mentined in the talk?
A. Saying gd night. B. Ging hme late. C. Washing befre sleeping.
19. What is the easiest t say but the hardest t d fr us?
A. T hnr ur parents.
B. T recrd sme impressive mments.
C. T fcus n gd memries abut ur parents.
20. What des the speaker advise us t d if we can’t speak t ur parents calmly?
A. Write a letter. B. Send a message. C. Negtiate with ur parents.
第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié), 滿分50分）
第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
The best science bks inspire a sense f wnder and make yu amazed at the incredible wrld we live in. Here are fur f them t feed yur imaginatin.
A Shrt Histry f Nearly Everything by Bill Brysn
Hw did it all begin? And hw did we get here? Cmbining histry and science, the bk ffers a cmprehensive yet entertaining answer t these questins. Bill Brysn takes the reader n an impressive jurney thrugh the greatest scientific discveries in histry. It explains scientific tpics in a vivid way, but it’s quite a lng read.
Thing Explainer by Randall Munre
Hw d helicpters wrk? Or cells? Randall Munre explains hw things wrk using illustratins and nly the mst cmmn 1,000 wrds in English. It will shift yur apprach t explanatin. S, next time explain hw smething wrks rather than merely call it by its name. Hwever, additinally prviding mre technical terms might have enhanced the understanding and learning experience.
Ask an Astrnaut by Tim Peake
What des it feel like t fly int space? Hw d yu prepare fr it? Astrnaut Tim Peake answers all the questins yu never knew abut ging int space. The bk gives insights int the cutting-edge science, as well as the day-t-day life n bard f the Internatinal Space Statin. Its questin and answer frmat makes it easy t quickly find answers, but it can becme less appealing due t the lack f descriptive language.
Deep Time by Riley Black
Want t knw the stry f ur planet? Riley Black takes us n a jurney, in the rder f time, thrugh the gelgical (地質(zhì)的) events that have shaped ur planet. The fascinating high-quality images are supprted by easily digestible explanatins f key histrical mments. It als expands n key cncepts in gelgy, astrnmy and bilgy. Yet, measuring the size f sme bjects n the phts is difficult due t the lack f a scale bar (比例尺).
1. Which bk is rganized in the frmat f questin and answer?
A. A Shrt Histry f Nearly Everything.B. Thing Explainer.
C. Ask an Astrnaut.D. Deep Time.
2. What’s a shrtcming f Thing Explainer?
A. It is rather t lng.B. It is written in plain language.
C. It lacks technical terms.D. It fails t include clear images.
3. What d A Shrt Histry f Nearly Everything and Deep Time have in cmmn?
A. They cmbine science and histry.B. They feature vivid illustratins.
C. They intrduce astrnauts’ daily life.D. They entertain readers f all ages.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四本書(shū)的情況。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Its questin and answer frmat makes it easy t quickly find answers, but it can becme less appealing due t the lack f descriptive language.(它的問(wèn)答格式可以很容易地快速找到答案，但由于缺乏描述性語(yǔ)言，它可能變得不那么吸引人)”可知，Ask an Astrnaut是以問(wèn)答的形式組織的。故選C。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Hwever, additinally prviding mre technical terms might have enhanced the understanding and learning experience.(然而，額外提供更多的技術(shù)術(shù)語(yǔ)可能會(huì)增強(qiáng)理解和學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn))”可知，Thing Explainer的缺點(diǎn)是缺乏專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)。故選C。
【3題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Cmbining histry and science, the bk ffers a cmprehensive yet entertaining answer t these questins.(這本書(shū)結(jié)合了歷史和科學(xué)，為這些問(wèn)題提供了一個(gè)全面而有趣的答案)”以及最后一段“The fascinating high-quality images are supprted by easily digestible explanatins f key histrical mments. It als expands n key cncepts in gelgy, astrnmy and bilgy.(這些引人入勝的高質(zhì)量圖像由易于理解的關(guān)鍵歷史時(shí)刻的解釋支持。它還擴(kuò)展了地質(zhì)學(xué)、天文學(xué)和生物學(xué)中的關(guān)鍵概念)”可知，《萬(wàn)物簡(jiǎn)史》和《深時(shí)間》的共同之處在于都結(jié)合了科學(xué)和歷史。故選A。
B
Recently, I accidentally fund a set f Hanfu l nly wre nce frm the bttm f the cupbard. I remember buying them simply t match the ancient-style hair accessries (配飾) a friend gave me. It ccurred t me that 1 had been trapped in the “birdcage effect”.
“Birdcage effect” means that when yu get an item ne day, yu will prepare mre things t match it. Weeks ag, I was in the cmpany f friends engaged in shpping. One said that she wanted t buy a gd writing pen t match the delicate ntebk that her sister gave her, s that she wuld fall in lve with taking ntes n reading, and thus lve reading, nt just reading. I jked that she must have fallen fr the “birdcage effect”. But the friend said with a smile: “Why nt use the ‘birdcage effect’ instead?”
Fr the first time, I heard that the “birdcage effect” can be used in reverse (逆向). Hwever, this can’t help but remind me f middle schl, and I seem t have used the “birdcage effect”. Passing by a bkstre ne day, I purchased a magazine and saw the call fr cntributins published in the magazine, s I started writing with eager hands, and then I fell in lve with writing.
After shpping with my friends that time, I began t prceed t use the “birdcage effect”. I bught a small fresh tableclth t decrate my desk, and a beautiful ntebk t recrd my inspiratin. When everything was ready, I started writing again.
But hw can we get rid f the “birdcage effect” in many things, and even use the “birdcage effect” in the ppsite way? Varius “birdcages” unavidably appear in life, but we can distinguish them. If it is nt in line with the actual situatin, it is a “negative birdcage”, then we must learn t stp lsses in time and maintain a heart f abandnment and separatin. If it is a “psitive birdcage” that mtivates us t develp upward, we can clarify ur gals, shp r decrate apprpriately, and mtivate urselves t mve twards ur gals. At this time, yu will find that the “birdcage effect” is actually nt s terrible!
4. What is paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. The applicatin f the “birdcage effect” in life.
B. The necessity f using the “birdcage effect” in life.
C. The turning pint f the authr’s idea n the “birdcage effect”.
D. The authr’s cnflict with her friend ver the “birdcage effect”.
5. What is the authr’s purpse in mentining her middle schl experience?
A. T recall her delightful days at schl.
B. T explain the reasn fr her lve with writing.
C. T cnfirm the psitive f the “birdcage effect”.
D. T prve her knwledge f the “birdcage effect”.
6. Hw can we make use f the “birdcage effect” psitively?
A. By realizing this effect has tw sides.
B. By prmting ur persnal cnsumptin.
C. By recgnizing this effect is nt s terrible.
D. By guiding ur acts t g with reasnable gals.
7. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Getting Rid f the Birdcage Effect Cnfidently
B. Mtivating Ourselves t Mve Twards Our Gals
C. The Birdcage Effect: Influence n Cnsumer Behavir
D. The Birdcage Effect: Hw t Use It t Yur Advantage
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了“鳥(niǎo)籠效應(yīng)”以及我們?cè)撊绾卧谏钪星‘?dāng)?shù)乩盟?br>【4題詳解】
主旨大意題。第二段首句““Birdcage effect” means that when yu get an item ne day, yu will prepare mre things t match it. Weeks ag, I was in the cmpany f friends engaged in shpping. One said that she wanted t buy a gd writing pen t match the delicate ntebk that her sister gave her, s that she wuld fall in lve with taking ntes n reading, and thus lve reading, nt just reading. I jked that she must have fallen fr the “birdcage effect”. But the friend said with a smile: “Why nt use the ‘birdcage effect’ instead?”(“鳥(niǎo)籠效應(yīng)”是指當(dāng)你有一天得到一件物品時(shí)，你會(huì)準(zhǔn)備更多的東西來(lái)搭配它。幾周前，我和朋友一起去購(gòu)物。有的說(shuō)，她想買(mǎi)一支好的寫(xiě)字筆，搭配姐姐送給她的精致筆記本，讓她愛(ài)上記讀書(shū)筆記，從而愛(ài)上讀書(shū)，而不僅僅是讀書(shū)。我開(kāi)玩笑說(shuō)她一定是受了“鳥(niǎo)籠效應(yīng)”的影響。但朋友笑道：“為什么不用‘鳥(niǎo)籠效應(yīng)’來(lái)代替呢？”)”可知，朋友告訴作者可以反向使用“鳥(niǎo)籠效應(yīng)”，作者第一次聽(tīng)說(shuō)“鳥(niǎo)籠效應(yīng)”可以反向使用，由此可知，第二段主要講述了作者對(duì)“鳥(niǎo)籠效應(yīng)”的看法有了改變，第三段第一句話“Fr the first time, I heard that the “birdcage effect” can be used in reverse (逆向). (第一次聽(tīng)說(shuō)“鳥(niǎo)籠效應(yīng)”可以反向使用)”也是提示，說(shuō)明作者對(duì)“鳥(niǎo)籠效應(yīng)”的看法發(fā)生了改變，故選C。
【5題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Hwever, this can’t help but remind me f middle schl, and I seem t have used the “birdcage effect”. Passing by a bkstre ne day, I purchased a magazine and saw the call fr cntributins published in the magazine, s I started writing with eager hands, and then I fell in lve with writing.(不過(guò)，這不禁讓我想起了中學(xué)時(shí)代，我似乎運(yùn)用了“鳥(niǎo)籠效應(yīng)”。有一天路過(guò)一家書(shū)店，我買(mǎi)了一本雜志，看到雜志上刊登的征稿啟事，我就開(kāi)始急切地開(kāi)始寫(xiě)作，從此我就愛(ài)上了寫(xiě)作)”可知，作者運(yùn)用了“鳥(niǎo)籠效應(yīng)”的結(jié)果是自己愛(ài)上了寫(xiě)作，這是“鳥(niǎo)籠效應(yīng)”給作者帶來(lái)的積極影響，由此可推知，作者提到她的中學(xué)經(jīng)歷的是為了證實(shí)“鳥(niǎo)籠效應(yīng)”的積極作用。故選C。
【6題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“If it is a “psitive birdcage” that mtivates us t develp upward, we can clarify ur gals, shp r decrate apprpriately, and mtivate urselves t mve twards ur gals. (如果是一個(gè)激勵(lì)我們向上發(fā)展的“積極的鳥(niǎo)籠”，我們可以明確自己的目標(biāo)，適當(dāng)?shù)馁?gòu)物或裝飾，激勵(lì)自己朝著目標(biāo)前進(jìn)。)”可知，我們可以通過(guò)指導(dǎo)我們的行為去實(shí)現(xiàn)合理的目標(biāo)以此來(lái)積極利用“鳥(niǎo)籠效應(yīng)”，故選D。
【7題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段中““Birdcage effect” means that when yu get an item ne day, yu will prepare mre things t match it. (“鳥(niǎo)籠效應(yīng)”是指當(dāng)你有一天得到一件物品時(shí)，你會(huì)準(zhǔn)備更多的東西來(lái)搭配它。)”，第三段中“Fr the first time, I heard that the “birdcage effect” can be used in reverse (逆向). (第一次聽(tīng)說(shuō)“鳥(niǎo)籠效應(yīng)”可以反向使用)”和最后一段“But hw can we get rid f the “birdcage effect” in many things, and even use the “birdcage effect” in the ppsite way? Varius “birdcages” unavidably appear in life, but we can distinguish them. If it is nt in line with the actual situatin, it is a “negative birdcage”, then we must learn t stp lsses in time and maintain a heart f abandnment and separatin. If it is a “psitive birdcage” that mtivates us t develp upward, we can clarify ur gals, shp r decrate apprpriately, and mtivate urselves t mve twards ur gals. At this time, yu will find that the “birdcage effect” is actually nt s terrible!(但如何才能在很多事情上擺脫“鳥(niǎo)籠效應(yīng)”，甚至反過(guò)來(lái)利用“鳥(niǎo)籠效應(yīng)”呢？生活中難免會(huì)出現(xiàn)各種各樣的“鳥(niǎo)籠”，但我們可以區(qū)分它們。如果不符合實(shí)際情況，就是“負(fù)面鳥(niǎo)籠”，那么我們就要學(xué)會(huì)及時(shí)止損，保持一顆拋棄、分離的心。如果是一個(gè)激勵(lì)我們向上發(fā)展的“積極的鳥(niǎo)籠”，我們可以明確自己的目標(biāo)，適當(dāng)?shù)馁?gòu)物或裝飾，激勵(lì)自己朝著目標(biāo)前進(jìn)。這時(shí)候你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)“鳥(niǎo)籠效應(yīng)”其實(shí)并沒(méi)有那么可怕！)”可知，文章主要介紹了“鳥(niǎo)籠效應(yīng)”以及我們?cè)撊绾卧谏钪星‘?dāng)?shù)乩盟珼項(xiàng)“鳥(niǎo)籠效應(yīng)：如何利用它來(lái)對(duì)你有利”適合作文章標(biāo)題，故選D。
C
The wrld is full f advice n hw t get a gd night’s sleep, but smetimes ding s just isn’t pssible. If yu are struggling with a sleep disrder, are a shift wrker r have a baby wh wakes every few hurs, being tld hw t sleep well can be annying. Fr thers, despite feeling exhausted all day, a furth episde f yur favrite TV series can seem mre appealing than ging t bed.
Hw d yu knw if yu are sleep-deprived? Fr sme peple, the answer will be bvius; fr thers, it may be less s. Russell Fster, a prfessr at the University f Oxfrd, specifies three signs that yu are prbably nt getting enugh sleep: “Feeling that yu dn’t perfrm at yur peak during the day; versleeping n free days; r craving (渴望得到) a nap during the day.”
“Lack f gd sleep can cause an imbalance in yur appetite hrmnes,” says Martin Meadws, a registered dietitian: “The hrmne ghrelin, which causes yu t feel hungry, increases and the hrmne leptin, which signals that yu are full, decreases.”
As Meadws says: “It’s a perfect strm where we want t eat mre and we dn’t knw when t stp, cmbined with the fact that when we are sleep-deprived ur willpwer is lwer, and it all becmes pretty tricky. Pr sleep, r sleep deprivatin (匱乏), leads t an increased likelihd f pr lifestyle chices. Many f us get stuck in the habit f eating junk fd, and the knck-n effect is that the junk fd disturbs ur sleep, because it’s higher in sugar; it’s mre stimulating.”
“Shrt term, yu can get away with the negative influence f sleep deprivatin f yu,” says Fster. “It’s in the lng term that things start t fall apart.” He catalgues the ill effects: “Yur cgnitive perfrmance drps with accumulated sleep deprivatin — yur cmmunicatin skills, yur decisin-making skills, yur memry.” There is als an increased risk f cardivascular (心血管的) disease, depressin and psychsis.
Frtunately, accrding t Meadws, mst f us culd d with an extra hur t an hur and a half f sleep each night t cpe with sleep deprivatin. And if yu had a bad night’s sleep, Meadws recmmends “making a cnscius effrt t chse fds such as whlegrains, beans, fruits and vegetables. Because they are packed with fiber and water, they will help yu feel full while limiting yur verall energy intake.”
8. The examples given in the first paragraph are intended t ______.
A. list reasns why peple hate advice n gd sleep
B. highlight the harm caused by sleep deprivatin
C. present the factual phenmenn f lack f sleep
D. frm a cntrast with the fllwing paragraphs
9. Hw des lack f gd sleep affect appetite accrding t Martin Meadws?
A. It disturbs the feeling f being hungry r full.
B. It ruins yur appetite instead f feeling hungry.
C. It causes imbalance in eating and sleeping
D. It has n impact n appetite hrmnes.
10. Which f the fllwing message is cnveyed by Meadws in paragraph 4?
A. When it’s strmy utside, we crave fr junk fd and a gd night sleep.
B. When we feel under the weather, we shuld eat less and sleep mre.
C. We shuld cmbine healthy eating with regular sleep tgether.
D. Bad eating and sleep deprivatin cntributes t each ther.
11. Peple lacking sleep are encuraged t ______.
A. sleep fr as lng as they want during the day
B. cnsume fd rich in fiber and water
C. prevent yurself frm energy intake each night
D. watch ne episde f their favrite TV series
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要圍繞“睡眠不足”這一主題展開(kāi)，詳細(xì)介紹了睡眠不足的癥狀、原因、影響以及如何改善睡眠等方面的知識(shí)。
【8題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“The wrld is full f advice n hw t get a gd night’s sleep, but smetimes ding s just isn’t pssible. If yu are struggling with a sleep disrder, are a shift wrker r have a baby wh wakes every few hurs, being tld hw t sleep well can be annying. Fr thers, despite feeling exhausted all day, a furth episde f yur favrite TV series can seem mre appealing than ging t bed.(世界上有很多關(guān)于如何睡個(gè)好覺(jué)的建議，但有時(shí)這樣做是不可能的。如果你正在與睡眠障礙作斗爭(zhēng)，是一個(gè)輪班工人或有一個(gè)孩子每隔幾個(gè)小時(shí)醒來(lái)，被告知如何睡得好是很煩人的。對(duì)另一些人來(lái)說(shuō)，盡管感覺(jué)一整天都很累，但看第四集你最喜歡的電視劇似乎比睡覺(jué)更有吸引力。)”以及第二段“Hw d yu knw if yu are sleep-deprived?(你怎么知道自己是否睡眠不足呢？)”可知，文章第一段給出例子是為了呈現(xiàn)當(dāng)代人缺乏睡眠這一現(xiàn)象。故選C。
【9題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段““Lack f gd sleep can cause an imbalance in yur appetite hrmnes,” says Martin Meadws, a registered dietitian: “The hrmne ghrelin, which causes yu t feel hungry, increases and the hrmne leptin, which signals that yu are full, decreases.”(“缺乏良好的睡眠會(huì)導(dǎo)致食欲激素失衡，”注冊(cè)營(yíng)養(yǎng)師Martin Meadws說(shuō)：“使你感到饑餓的激素胃饑餓素增加，而表明你吃飽了的激素瘦素減少。”)”可知，Martin Meadws認(rèn)為缺乏良好的睡眠會(huì)導(dǎo)致食欲激素失衡，從而導(dǎo)致感到饑餓的激素胃饑餓素增加，而表明你吃飽了的激素瘦素減少。故選A。
【10題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“As Meadws says: “It’s a perfect strm where we want t eat mre and we dn’t knw when t stp, cmbined with the fact that when we are sleep-deprived ur willpwer is lwer, arid it all becmes pretty tricky. Pr sleep, r sleep deprivatin(匱乏), leads t an increased likelihd f pr lifestyle chices. Many f us get stuck in the habit f eating junk fd, and the knck-n effect is that the junk fd disturbs ur sleep, because it’s higher in sugar; it’s mre stimulating.”(正如Meadws所說(shuō)：“這是一場(chǎng)完美的風(fēng)暴，我們想吃得更多，卻不知道什么時(shí)候該停下來(lái)，再加上睡眠不足時(shí)我們的意志力會(huì)降低，這一切都變得相當(dāng)棘手。睡眠不足或睡眠匱乏會(huì)增加不良生活方式選擇的可能性。我們中的許多人都養(yǎng)成了吃垃圾食品的習(xí)慣，其連鎖反應(yīng)是垃圾食品擾亂了我們的睡眠，因?yàn)樗鼈兊暮橇扛?；這更刺激?！?”可知，Meadws認(rèn)為睡眠不足會(huì)導(dǎo)致不良的飲食習(xí)慣，而不良飲食習(xí)慣又?jǐn)_亂了我們的睡眠，不良的飲食習(xí)慣和睡眠不足是相互影響的。故選D。
【11題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“And if yu had a bad night’s sleep, Meadws recmmends “making a cnscius effrt t chse fds such as whlegrains, beans, fruits and vegetables. Because they are packed with fiber and water, they will help yu feel full while limiting yur verall energy intake.”(如果你晚上睡得不好，Meadws建議“有意識(shí)地選擇全麥、豆類、水果和蔬菜等食物?！币?yàn)樗鼈兏缓w維和水分，它們會(huì)讓你有飽腹感，同時(shí)限制你的總能量攝入。)”可知，睡眠不足的人可以攝入富含纖維和水分的食物，因?yàn)檫@類食物會(huì)讓人有飽腹感同時(shí)又能限制總能量攝入。故選B。
D
If yu live n this planet, there’s a decent chance yu’ve seen the classic Star TrekEpisde, in which captain Kirk and several members find themselves in what appears t be anther universe.
These days, it seems the idea f the multiverse—many wrlds—is having its Hllywd mment. Its appeal as a strytelling device is bvius—characters explre a multi-wrld with varying degrees f similarity t ur wn, as well as different versins f themselves. Hence, it has been fully established in mainstream pp culture.
While Hllywd can’t seem t get enugh f the multiverse, it remains deeply cntrversial (有爭(zhēng)議的) amng scientists. Advcates n the tw sides shw n mercy tward each ther in their bks, n their blgs. But physicists didn’t pull the idea ut f thin air—rather, several distinct lines f reasning seem t pint t the multiverse’s existence. Hwever, critics warn that making the multiverse legal culd make it harder fr the public t distinguish speculative (推測(cè)性的) theries frm established fact, making it mre difficult t keep pseud-science (偽科學(xué)) at bay. Giving credit t such speculatin risks “turning fundamental physics int pseud-science”.
The multiverse cntrversy is rted in the idea f test ability. If we can’t interact with these ther universes, r detect them in any way, sme experts insist that reduces them t mere philsphical speculatin. But Carrll, an advcate fr “many wrlds”, argues that mathematics is the language describing ur physical theries. Since Schrdinger’s equatin (方程), n which Quanturr (量子) mechanic rests, predicts the existence f many wrlds, s be it.
Culd a mre expansive view f the universe itself be the next breakthrugh? As Siegfried puts it: “Every time in the past that we’ve thught, ‘We’ve gt it; this is what the whle universe is’—the peple wh’ve said, ‘Maybe there’s mre than ne f thse’ have always turned ut t be right.”
12. Why is Hllywd s ccupied with the multiverse?
A. It makes fr engaging plts.
B. It is a much-talked-abut tpic.
C. It is helpful t ppularize science.
D. It dminates the mainstream pp culture.
13. What d the underlined wrds in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Out f date.B. Out f place.C. Out f nwhere.D. Out f questin.
14. Accrding t the ppnents, the basic standard f fundamental physics is that ______.
A. it can be detected smehw
B. it can be reasned lgically
C. it can be interpreted philsphically
D. it can be predicted by mathematics equatin
15. What might be the authr’s attitude tward the multiverse?
A. Dubtful.B. Dismissive.C. Unclear.D. Apprving.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文，主要講述了雖然近來(lái)好萊塢似乎對(duì)多元宇宙欲罷不能，但它在科學(xué)家中仍然存在著深刻的爭(zhēng)議。
【12題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Its appeal as a strytelling device is bvius—characters explre a multi-wrld with varying degrees f similarity t ur wn, as well as different versins f themselves.(作為一種講故事的手段，它的吸引力顯而易見(jiàn)——角色探索了一個(gè)與我們自己不同程度相似的多元世界，以及不同版本的自己。)”可知，多元宇宙作為一種講故事的手段，非常具有吸引力。故選A。
【13題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線短語(yǔ)后面的“rather, several distinct lines f reasning seem t pint t the multiverse’s existence(相反，幾個(gè)不同的推理路線似乎指向了多元宇宙的存在)”可知，rather前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折，后面說(shuō)有推理路線證明多元宇宙是存在的，由此可推測(cè)出，前面說(shuō)的是物理學(xué)家們并不是憑空得出了這個(gè)想法。ut f thin air意為“憑空，無(wú)中生有地”，和ut f nwhere(突然出現(xiàn))意思相近。故選C。
【14題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Hwever, critics warn that making the multiverse legal culd make it harder fr the public t distinguish speculative(推測(cè)性的) theries frm established fact, making it mre difficult t keep pseud-science(偽科學(xué)) at bay. Giving credit t such speculatin risks ‘turning fundamental physics int pseud-science’.(然而，批評(píng)者警告說(shuō)，使多元宇宙合法化可能會(huì)使公眾更難區(qū)分推測(cè)性理論和既定事實(shí)，從而更難遏制偽科學(xué)。相信這種推測(cè)有可能‘把基礎(chǔ)物理學(xué)變成偽科學(xué)’。)”可知，批評(píng)者認(rèn)為讓多元宇宙合法化可能會(huì)使公眾難以區(qū)分推測(cè)性理論和既定事實(shí)，相信這種推測(cè)有可能導(dǎo)致基礎(chǔ)物理學(xué)變成偽科學(xué)。由此可推測(cè)出，基礎(chǔ)物理學(xué)是以既定事實(shí)為基礎(chǔ)的，可以通過(guò)某種方式發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選A。
【15題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Since Schrdinger’s equatin (方程), n which Quanturr (量子) mechanic rests, predicts the existence f many wrlds, s be it.(既然量子力學(xué)所依據(jù)的薛定諤方程預(yù)測(cè)了許多世界的存在，那就順其自然吧。)”和最后一段中的“Culd a mre expansive view f the universe itself be the next breakthrugh? As Siegfried puts it: “Every time in the past that we’ve thught, ‘We’ve gt it; this is what the whle universe is’—the peple wh’ve said, ‘Maybe there’s mre than ne f thse’ have always turned ut t be right.”(正如齊格弗里德所說(shuō)：“在過(guò)去，每當(dāng)我們想，‘我們明白了；這就是整個(gè)宇宙的樣子’——那些說(shuō)‘也許不止一個(gè)’的人總是被證明是對(duì)的。”)”可知，作者認(rèn)為既然有理論預(yù)測(cè)了許多世界的存在，那就順其自然吧，那些說(shuō)“也許不止一個(gè)”的人總是被證明是對(duì)的；由此推知，作者對(duì)多元宇宙的概念持支持態(tài)度。故選D。
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）
閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Artificial Intelligence (AI) gelcatin (互聯(lián)網(wǎng)定位技術(shù)) slutins are changing the way researchers track and mnitr wildlife, enabling mre pwerful cnservatin effrts. These systems use advanced sensrs, satellite imagery, and machine learning algrithms (算法) t gather real-time data n animal mvements, habitat preferences, and migratin patterns. ____16____
Traditinal tracking methds ften rely n nn-autmatic tracking r incnvenient necklace-like systems, which may cause stress and discmfrt t the animals. ____17____ The devices can wrk as tags and the camera traps can be set up remtely, which decreases human impact n wildlife.
In additin, AI-pwered devices cllect and analyze data precisely. Thrugh their assistance, scientists can gain insights int habitat chices and evaluate the effect f glbal warming n wild animal lcatins. ____18____ Fr example, by analyzing the cllected data, cnservatinists can prmte targeted habitat restratin effrts accrding t the patterns and cnnectins they discvered with the help f AI gelcatin devices.
____19____ By mnitring animals’ behaviral changes in real-time, researchers can quickly detect signs f envirnmental issues. Sudden changes in an animal’s mvements culd indicate threats r prblems. Researchers can then respnd immediately, ptentially saving the animal’s life.
Sharing gelcatin data thrugh nline platfrms can als help raise awareness abut prtecting endangered species. ____20____ This help them feel mre cnnected t the issues wildlife face in habitats. The bnd prmtes a sense f respnsibility amng individuals and encurages them t cntribute t wildlife cnservatin effrts thrugh varius means, such as dnatins, vlunteer wrk, and s n.
A. This knwledge enables them t make accurate and efficient decisins.
B. Hwever, AI tracking des nt require disturbing cntact with the animals.
C. AI mnitring needs fewer battery replacements than the traditinal methds.
D. The slutins have ffered the fllwing key benefits t wildlife cnservatin.
E. Directly engaging with cnservatin effrts gives peple a first-hand experience.
F. The AI gelcatin technlgy significantly reduces the need fr massive fieldwrk.
G. With real-time data, the AI slutins als functin as an early warning fr wildlife risks.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. A 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了人工智能定位技術(shù)如何改變研究人員追蹤和監(jiān)控野生動(dòng)物的方式，使保護(hù)工作更加有力。這些系統(tǒng)利用先進(jìn)的傳感器、衛(wèi)星圖像和機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)算法收集有關(guān)動(dòng)物運(yùn)動(dòng)、棲息地偏好和遷徙模式的實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Artificial Intelligence(AI) gelcatin(互聯(lián)網(wǎng)定位技術(shù)) slutins are changing the way researchers track and mnitr wildlife, enabling mre pwerful cnservatin effrts.(人工智能地理定位技術(shù)解決方案正在改變研究人員跟蹤和監(jiān)測(cè)野生動(dòng)物的方式，使更有力的保護(hù)工作成為可能。)”可知，人工智能地理定位技術(shù)解決方案對(duì)野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)有很大的幫助，D 選項(xiàng)“The slutins have ffered the fllwing key benefits t wildlife cnservatin(這些解決方案為野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)提供了以下關(guān)鍵好處)”是對(duì)上文的總結(jié)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Traditinal tracking methds ften rely n nn-autmatic tracking r incnvenient necklace-like systems, which may cause stress and discmfrt t the animals.(傳統(tǒng)的追蹤方法通常依賴于非自動(dòng)追蹤或不方便的項(xiàng)鏈?zhǔn)较到y(tǒng)，這可能會(huì)給動(dòng)物帶來(lái)壓力和不適。)”可知，傳統(tǒng)追蹤方法會(huì)給動(dòng)物帶來(lái)壓力和不適，B 選項(xiàng)“Hwever, AI tracking des nt require disturbing cntact with the animals(然而，人工智能追蹤不需要與動(dòng)物進(jìn)行干擾性接觸)”與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Thrugh their assistance, scientists can gain insights int habitat chices and evaluate the effect f glbal warming n wild animal lcatins.(通過(guò)它們的幫助，科學(xué)家可以深入了解棲息地的選擇，并評(píng)估全球變暖對(duì)野生動(dòng)物位置的影響。)”可知，人工智能地理定位技術(shù)解決方案可以幫助科學(xué)家評(píng)估全球變暖對(duì)野生動(dòng)物位置的影響，A 選項(xiàng)“This knwledge enables them t make accurate and efficient decisins(這些知識(shí)使他們能夠做出準(zhǔn)確和有效的決定)”是對(duì)上文的總結(jié)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“By mnitring animals’ behaviral changes in real-time,researchers can quickly detect signs f envirnmental issues. Sudden changes in an animal's mvements culd indicate threats r prblems. Researchers can then respnd immediately, ptentially saving the animal's life.(通過(guò)實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)動(dòng)物的行為變化，研究人員可以快速發(fā)現(xiàn)環(huán)境問(wèn)題的跡象。動(dòng)物運(yùn)動(dòng)的突然變化可能表明存在威脅或問(wèn)題。研究人員可以立即做出反應(yīng)，有可能挽救動(dòng)物的生命。)”可知，人工智能地理定位技術(shù)解決方案可以實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)動(dòng)物的行為變化，對(duì)野生動(dòng)物面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)起到預(yù)警作用，G 選項(xiàng)“With real-time data, the AI slutins als functin as an early warning fr wildlife risks(通過(guò)實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)，人工智能解決方案還可以作為野生動(dòng)物風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的預(yù)警系統(tǒng))”符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Sharing gelcatin data thrugh nline platfrms can als help raise awareness abut prtecting endangered species.(通過(guò)在線平臺(tái)共享地理位置數(shù)據(jù)也有助于提高人們對(duì)保護(hù)瀕危物種的認(rèn)識(shí)。)”可知，共享地理位置數(shù)據(jù)有助于提高人們對(duì)保護(hù)瀕危物種的認(rèn)識(shí)，E 選項(xiàng)“Directly engaging with cnservatin effrts gives peple a first-hand experience(直接參與保護(hù)工作能讓人們獲得第一手經(jīng)驗(yàn))”是對(duì)上文的進(jìn)一步解釋，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。
第三部分 語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共五節(jié)，滿分55分）
第一節(jié) 完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
One day, a girl came upn a ccn, and she culd tell that a butterfly was trying t ____21____. She waited and watched the butterfly struggle fr hurs t ____22____ itself frm the tiny hle.____23____, the butterfly stpped mving, it seemed t be ___24___ . The girl then decided t help get the butterfly ut and with a pair f scissrs cut pen the ccn. The butterfly was then ___25___able t escape. Hwever, its bdy was swllen (腫脹的) and its wings were ____26____ .
The girl still thught she had dne the butterfly a favr as she sat there waiting fr its wings t grw in rder t ____27____its bdy. That wasn’t happening. The butterfly was unable t fly, and fr the rest f its life, it culd nly mve by crawling arund with little wings and a___28___ bdy. Despite the girl’s gd intentins, she didn’t understand that the ___29___ f the butterfly’s ccn and the struggle the butterfly had t _____30_____ in rder t escape served an imprtant purpse. As butterflies _____31_____ frm tight ccns and stretch wings ut, it frces liquid frm their bdy int their wings t prepare them t be able t fly.
The_____32_____ that we face in life help us grw and get strnger. There is ften a reasn behind the requirement f being ____33____ and persistent. When bearing difficult times, we will develp the necessary _____34_____ that we’ll need in the future. Withut having any struggles, we wn’t grw, which means it’s very imprtant t _____35_____ persnal challenges urselves rather than relying n ther peple t always help us.
21. A. hatchB. hangC. swingD. nest
22. A. trapB. releaseC. wrapD. thrw
23. A. Even sB. Sner r laterC. All f a suddenD. As usual
24. A. scaredB. sughtC. kickedD. stuck
25. A. easilyB. hardlyC. merelyD. slightly
26. A. verestimatedB. underdevelpedC. vergrwnD. underfed
27. A. prtectB. shadeC. supprtD. survive
28. A. tinyB. skinnyC. strngD. large
29. A. cnservatinB. restrictinC. tensinD. variatin
30. A. cme utB. pull upC. g thrughD. leave ff
31. A. runB. recverC. generateD. emerge
32. A. strugglesB. adventuresC. detailsD. guidelines
33. A. industriusB. tlerantC. superirD. straightfrward
34. A. carefulnessB. strengthC. ptimismD. patience
35. A. hld ntB. turn dwnC. take nD. bring up
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過(guò)一個(gè)小女孩自以為是幫助蝴蝶破繭卻導(dǎo)致蝴蝶無(wú)法飛翔的故事告訴我們，和蝴蝶一樣，我們也要經(jīng)歷生命中必要的掙扎和奮斗才能成長(zhǎng)，不能一味地依靠他人的幫助。
【21題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，一個(gè)女孩偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)繭，她看得出來(lái)一只蝴蝶正試圖孵化。A. hatch孵化；B. hang懸掛；C. swing擺動(dòng)；D. nest筑巢。根據(jù)前文“a girl came upn a ccn”及“a butterfly”可知，蝴蝶正試圖從繭中孵化。故選A項(xiàng)。
【22題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她等了好幾個(gè)小時(shí)，看著蝴蝶掙扎著從小洞里掙脫出來(lái)。A. trap困??；B. release釋放；C. wrap包裹；D. thrw扔掉。根據(jù)前文“a butterfly was trying t ____1___”可知，蝴蝶正試圖破繭而出。故選B項(xiàng)。
【23題詳解】
考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：突然，蝴蝶停止了移動(dòng)，似乎被卡住了。A. Even s盡管如此；B. Sner r later遲早；C. All f a sudden突然；D. As usual像往常一樣。根據(jù)后文“the butterfly stpped mving”可知，在蝴蝶破繭的過(guò)程中突然停止不動(dòng)了。故選C項(xiàng)。
【24題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，蝴蝶停止了移動(dòng)，似乎被卡住了。A. scared使害怕；B. sught尋找；C. kicked踢腿；D. stuck卡住。根據(jù)后文“The girl then decided t help get the butterfly ut ”可知，蝴蝶卡住不動(dòng)了，所以小女孩決定幫助它。故選D項(xiàng)。
【25題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這只蝴蝶很容易就逃脫了。A. easily容易地；B. hardly幾乎不；C. merely僅僅；D. slightly略微。根據(jù)前文“The girl then decided t help get the butterfly ut and with a pair f scissrs cut pen the ccn”可知，女孩把繭剪開(kāi)，蝴蝶很容易就出來(lái)了。故選A項(xiàng)。
【26題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，它的身體腫脹，翅膀發(fā)育不全。 A. verestimated高估的；B. underdevelped發(fā)育不全的；C. vergrwn生長(zhǎng)過(guò)快的；D. underfed營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良的。根據(jù)前文“its bdy was swllen and its wings were”及后文“waiting fr its wings t grw”可知，蝴蝶身體腫脹，翅膀發(fā)育不全。故選B項(xiàng)。
【27題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)女孩坐在那里等著蝴蝶的翅膀長(zhǎng)出來(lái)支撐它的身體時(shí)，她仍然認(rèn)為自己幫了蝴蝶一個(gè)忙。A. prtect保護(hù)；B. shade遮陽(yáng)；C. supprt支持；D. survive幸存。根據(jù)前文“waiting fr its wings t grw”及后文“its bdy”可知，女孩等著蝴蝶的翅膀長(zhǎng)出來(lái)支撐它的身體。故選C項(xiàng)。
【28題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這只蝴蝶不會(huì)飛，在它的余生中，它只能依靠小小的翅膀和巨大的身體到處爬行。A. tiny微小的；B. skinny皮包骨的；C. strng強(qiáng)壯的；D. large巨大的。根據(jù)前文“That wasn’t happening.”及“mve by crawling arund with little wings”可知，蝴蝶并沒(méi)有長(zhǎng)出可以支撐它身體的翅膀，和它小小的翅膀相比，身體會(huì)長(zhǎng)大。故選D項(xiàng)。
【29題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管女孩的初衷是好的，但她不明白蝴蝶的繭的限制和蝴蝶為了逃脫而必須經(jīng)歷的掙扎是有重要意義的。A. cnservatin交談；B. restrictin限制；C. tensin緊張；D. variatin變化。根據(jù)后文“the butterfly’s ccn”及“ tight ccns”可知，繭對(duì)蝴蝶來(lái)說(shuō)是一種必不可少的限制。故選B項(xiàng)。
【30題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：盡管女孩的初衷是好的，但她不明白蝴蝶的繭的限制和蝴蝶為了逃脫而必須經(jīng)歷的掙扎是有重要意義的。A. cme ut出現(xiàn)；B. pull up停車(chē)；C. g thrugh經(jīng)歷；D. leave ff中斷。根據(jù)前文“the struggle”可知，蝴蝶破繭需要經(jīng)歷掙扎和奮斗。故選C項(xiàng)。
【31題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)蝴蝶從緊繃的繭中鉆出來(lái)，展開(kāi)翅膀時(shí)，它會(huì)迫使體內(nèi)的液體進(jìn)入翅膀，為它們飛行做準(zhǔn)備。A. run跑步；B. recver恢復(fù)；C. generate生產(chǎn)；D. emerge出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)后文“frm tight ccns and stretch wings ut”可知，當(dāng)蝴蝶破繭而出后，會(huì)展開(kāi)雙翅。故選D項(xiàng)。
32題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?cè)谏钪忻媾R的掙扎幫助我們成長(zhǎng)并變得更強(qiáng)大。A. struggles掙扎；B. adventures冒險(xiǎn)；C. details細(xì)節(jié)；D. guidelines指導(dǎo)方針。根據(jù)前文“the struggle the butterfly had t ____10___”可知，人和蝴蝶一樣，也要經(jīng)歷必要的掙扎才能成長(zhǎng)。故選A項(xiàng)。
【33題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：要求勤奮和堅(jiān)持不懈的背后往往是有原因的。A. industrius勤勉的；B. tlerant容忍的；C. superir優(yōu)越的；D. straightfrward直率的。根據(jù)后文“and persistent”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)面對(duì)困境所需要的堅(jiān)毅的品質(zhì)，要勤勉堅(jiān)持。故選A項(xiàng)。
34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們面對(duì)困難的時(shí)候，我們會(huì)培養(yǎng)出我們將來(lái)需要的必要力量A. carefulness仔細(xì)；B. strength力量；C. ptimism樂(lè)觀；D. patience耐心。根據(jù)前文“being ___13___and persistent. When bearing difficult times”可知，養(yǎng)成了勤勉堅(jiān)持的品質(zhì)，才有克服困境的力量。故選B項(xiàng)。
【35題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：沒(méi)有任何掙扎，我們就不會(huì)成長(zhǎng)，這意味著自己接受個(gè)人挑戰(zhàn)而不是依靠別人總是幫助我們是非常重要的。A. hld nt抓??；B. turn dwn拒絕；C. take n接受；D. bring up撫養(yǎng)。根據(jù)后文“persnal challenges urselves rather than relying n ther peple t always help us”可知，自己要接受挑戰(zhàn)，而不是一味地依靠別人的幫助。故選C項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié) 語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Kites, which were invented ver 2,000 years ag in China, are believed t be ___36___ earliest flying bjects created by humans. After centuries f develpment, kites have becme ne f the cuntry’s representative traditinal handicrafts, shwing ___37___ (it) charm and gaining ppularity all ver the wrld. In 2006, kite-making technique was included ___38___ the list f China’s natinal intangible cultural heritage.
Currently, the Chinese kite-making technique ___39___ (invlve) fur steps: making the frame, pasting paper nt the frame, painting and decrating it and then mastering the art f flying the kite. The mst distinctive kite-making technique can be fund in Weifang, ___40___ has develped its wn unique characteristics ___41___ (base) n traditinal kite-making craftsmanship. This city is ___42___ (wide) regarded as the birthplace f many ppular flying tys. The themes f Weifang kites are incredibly different, including birds, fish, cultural relics, histrical figures and legends.
Tday in Weifang, there are virtually n limitatins n the shapes r sizes f kites, which can be made ___43___ (present) peple’s ideals and aspiratins. This diversity can be bserved at the annual Weifang Internatinal Kite Festival, which ___44___ (hld) n the third Saturday f every April since 1984. Peple frm ver 30 cuntries and regins arund the wrld take part in the festival every year. During the festival, the skill f kite-flying is demnstrated thrugh many aerial ____45____ (cmpete).
【答案】36. the
37 its 38. in##n
39. invlves
40. which 41. based
42. widely 43. t present
44. has been held
45. cmpetitins
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要介紹了風(fēng)箏的歷史以及濰坊的風(fēng)箏制作技術(shù)。
【36題詳解】
考查形容詞的最高級(jí)。句意：風(fēng)箏，2000多年前在中國(guó)發(fā)明的，被認(rèn)為是人類最早創(chuàng)造的飛行物體。根據(jù)空前的定冠詞 the 可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞的最高級(jí)。故填earliest。
【37題詳解】
考查可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：經(jīng)過(guò)幾個(gè)世紀(jì)的發(fā)展，風(fēng)箏已成為我國(guó)具有代表性的傳統(tǒng)文化之一，展現(xiàn)出它的魅力，并在世界各地受到歡迎。修飾名詞用形容詞物主代詞its，故填its。
【38題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：風(fēng)箏制作技藝于2006年被列入中國(guó)國(guó)家級(jí)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄。be included in/n“被納入”，固定短語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意，故填in/n。
【39題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：目前，中國(guó)的風(fēng)箏制作技術(shù)包括四個(gè)步驟：制作框架，在框架上粘貼紙，在框架上繪畫(huà)和裝飾，然后掌握放風(fēng)箏的藝術(shù)。分析句子可知，invlve作謂語(yǔ)，與主語(yǔ)technique是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，主語(yǔ)是不可數(shù)名詞，文章主時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填invlves。
【40題詳解】
考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：最具特色的風(fēng)箏制作技術(shù)可以在濰坊找到，它在傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)箏制作工藝的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展了自己獨(dú)特的特色。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾Weifang，從句中缺主語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系代詞which，故填which。
【41題詳解】
考查過(guò)去分詞。句意同上。be based n是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“根據(jù)；在……的基礎(chǔ)上”，此處作定語(yǔ)，省略be，過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。故填based。
【42題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：這個(gè)城市被廣泛認(rèn)為是許多流行飛行玩具的誕生地。修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞is regarded as用副詞作狀語(yǔ)，故填widely。
【43題詳解】
考查不定式。句意：在今天濰坊，風(fēng)箏的形狀和大小幾乎沒(méi)有限制，風(fēng)箏被制作來(lái)表達(dá)自己的理想和愿望。分析句子可知，此處用不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，故填t present。
【44題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：自從1984，每年4月的第三個(gè)星期六舉行的濰坊國(guó)際風(fēng)箏節(jié)就可以看出這種多樣性。分析句子可知，hld是which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，which指代先行詞the annual Weifang Internatinal Kite Festival，是單數(shù)，與hld是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)since 1984可知，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，故填has been held。
【45題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：在節(jié)日期間，通過(guò)許多空中比賽來(lái)展示放風(fēng)箏的技巧。形容詞修飾名詞，由many修飾用復(fù)數(shù)。故填cmpetitins。
第三節(jié) 詞匯語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）
根據(jù)首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示填空，每空一詞。
46. Cmmn s___________ f diabetes are weight lss and fatigue. (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))
【答案】symptms##ymptms
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：糖尿病常見(jiàn)的癥狀就是消瘦和疲勞。根據(jù)所給首字母和句意可知，此處意為“癥狀”，故應(yīng)用名詞symptm作主語(yǔ)，且根據(jù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞are可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式作主語(yǔ)，故填symptms。
47. All f her trubles are i___________, which nly exist in her mind. (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))
【答案】imaginary##maginary
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：她所有的煩惱都是想象出來(lái)的，只存在與她的大腦里。根據(jù)所給首字母和句意可知，此處意為“想象中的，想象出來(lái)的”，故應(yīng)用形容詞imaginary作表語(yǔ)，故填imaginary。
48. Language teachers will never be r___________ by cmputers in the classrm. (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))
【答案】replaced##eplaced
【解析】
【詳解】考查語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：語(yǔ)言教師在課堂上永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)被計(jì)算機(jī)所替代。根據(jù)句意和首字母可知，replace，意為“替代”符合句意，且Language teachers 與replace為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填replaced。
49. Nwadays, mst cars are e___________ with GPS. (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))
【答案】equipped##quipped
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：現(xiàn)在，大多數(shù)的小車(chē)都配有導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)所給首字母和句意可知，此處意為“配備有”，表達(dá)為be equipped with，故此處應(yīng)用形容詞equipped作表語(yǔ)，故填equipped。
50. Humans and nn-native animals have caused much d__________ t the envirnment n the island. (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))
【答案】damage##amage
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：人類和外來(lái)動(dòng)物對(duì)島上的環(huán)境造成了很大的破壞。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及句意可知應(yīng)用名詞damage，作賓語(yǔ)，不可數(shù)。故填damage。
51. Prfessr Wang ___________(承擔(dān)) the task f writing a cmprehensive English dictinary last year. (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))
【答案】undertk
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：王教授去年承擔(dān)了編寫(xiě)一本綜合英語(yǔ)詞典的任務(wù)?！俺袚?dān)”是undertake。結(jié)合題干中的時(shí)間提示last year，需要使用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，故填undertk。
52. Arnld is ___________ (肯定地) ging t achieve his dream. (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))
【答案】definitely
【解析】
【詳解】考查副詞。句意：Arnld肯定能實(shí)現(xiàn)他的夢(mèng)想。根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)提示可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞definitely“肯定地”作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)is ging t achieve，故填definitely。
53. Tuch the screen t ________ (激活) the system. (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思單詞拼寫(xiě))
【答案】activate
【解析】
【分析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：觸摸屏幕激活系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示可知，activate激活，動(dòng)詞，符合題意；結(jié)合題干可知，空處需用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填activate。
54. The study f scilgy ________ (重合) with the study f ecnmics. (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))
【答案】verlaps
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：社會(huì)學(xué)的研究與經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的研究有重疊。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞“重合”英文為verlap。陳述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語(yǔ)是The study f scilgy，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填verlaps。
55. Her calls became less ___________ (頻繁的). (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))
【答案】frequent
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：她的電話變得不那么頻繁了。根據(jù)所給的“頻繁的”，對(duì)應(yīng)的英語(yǔ)單詞是frequent。作表語(yǔ)。故填frequent。
第四節(jié) 翻譯（一）（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）
根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及漢語(yǔ)提示補(bǔ)全句子。
56. 她笑了，眼里閃爍著興奮的光芒。
She laughed, her eyes ______________ with excitement.
【答案】shining##sparkling
【解析】
【詳解】考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。此處意為“閃爍”，表達(dá)為shine/sparkle，且此處為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，her eyes與shine/sparkle之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，故填shining/sparkling。
57. 他渾身發(fā)抖，如坐針氈。
He shk all ver, feeling like _____________.
【答案】sitting n pins and needles
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處意為“如坐針氈”，表達(dá)為sit n pins and needles，根據(jù)空前的feel like可知，此處為feel like ding“好像做某事”，故應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，故填sitting n pins and needles。
58. 她又害怕又緊張，僵在原地不動(dòng)。
Scared and nervus, she _____________ t the spt.
【答案】was frzen
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。“僵在原地”為“be frzen t the spt”，陳述過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填was frzen。
59. 我羞澀地笑了笑，班上爆發(fā)出熱烈的掌聲。
I gave them a shy smile and the whle class was filled with ______________.
【答案】thunderus applause
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處意為“熱烈的掌聲”，表達(dá)為thunderus applause，在句中作賓語(yǔ)，thunderus“雷鳴般的，熱烈的”為形容詞作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞applause“掌聲”，故填thunderus applause。
60. 當(dāng)她得知自己獲得一等獎(jiǎng)的消息時(shí)，她高興得心怦怦直跳。
When she gt the news f her winning the first prize, her heart ______________ with wild jy.
【答案】was punding
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處意為“砰砰直跳”，表達(dá)為pund，在句中做謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主語(yǔ)為her heart，為單數(shù)，根據(jù)前文的when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句可知，此處應(yīng)用正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示當(dāng)她得知自己活得一等獎(jiǎng)時(shí)的狀態(tài)，且根據(jù)gt可知，應(yīng)用過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，故填was punding。
第五節(jié) 翻譯（二） （共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）
將下列漢語(yǔ)句子翻譯成英文。
61. 幸福的淚水順著她的臉流下來(lái)。 (漢譯英)
___________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Tears f happiness flwed dwn her face.
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)。陳述過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，為一般過(guò)去時(shí)?！靶腋５臏I水”譯為T(mén)ears f happiness，作主語(yǔ)；“順著”譯為flw dwn，作謂語(yǔ)；“她的臉”譯為her face，作賓語(yǔ)。故翻譯為：Tears f happiness flwed dwn her face.
62. 考試前我總是忐忑不安。(漢譯英)
___________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I always have butterflies in my stmach befre exams.
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)?！翱荚嚽啊北磉_(dá)為befre exams；“忐忑不安”表達(dá)為have butterflies in my stmach；“總是”表達(dá)為always。根據(jù)“總是”可知，此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，故翻譯為：I always have butterflies in my stmach befre exams。
63. 湯姆看見(jiàn)一條蛇，心里突然咯噔一下。(漢譯英)
___________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Tm’s heart missed a beat when he saw a snake.
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和時(shí)態(tài)?！翱匆?jiàn)一條蛇”表達(dá)為see a snake；“心里咯噔一下”表達(dá)為ne's heart missed a beat；根據(jù)句意可知，此處陳述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且應(yīng)用when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“當(dāng)湯姆看見(jiàn)一條蛇時(shí)”，“心里突然咯噔一下”為主句，故翻譯為：Tm’s heart missed a beat when he saw a snake。
64. 他的臉色蒼白，站在那里說(shuō)不出話。(漢譯英)
【答案】His face turned pale and std there tngue-tied.
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)、名詞、形容詞、連詞。表示“臉”用名詞face，表示“他的臉”用his face作主語(yǔ)。“他的臉色蒼白”即“他的臉變得蒼白”，表示“變得”用turn，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故時(shí)態(tài)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去式turned。表示“蒼白的”用形容詞pale，作表語(yǔ)。表示“站”用stand，用過(guò)去式形式，與turned并列，用連詞and連接。表示“那里”用there，作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。表示“說(shuō)不出話”用形容詞tngue-tied，作狀語(yǔ)。故翻譯為His face turned pale and std there tngue-tied.
65. 一看到直升飛機(jī)，簡(jiǎn)的臉上就閃現(xiàn)出燦爛的笑容。(漢譯英)
___________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The mment she caught sight f the helicpter, a bright smile lit up Jane’s face./ Jane’s face lit up with delight.
【解析】
【詳解】考查從句和時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知，陳述過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。一……就……可用 “the mment”引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從從句，“看到”為catch sight f ，作謂語(yǔ)；直升飛機(jī)為“helicpter”，作賓語(yǔ)?！昂?jiǎn)的臉上就閃現(xiàn)出燦爛的笑容”翻譯為“a bright smile lit up Jane’s face.或 Jane’s face lit up with delight.”。故翻譯為：The mment she caught sight f the helicpter, a bright smile lit up Jane’s face./ Jane’s face lit up with delight.
第四部分 寫(xiě)作（滿分15分）
66. 你校正在組織英語(yǔ)作文比賽。請(qǐng)以身邊值得你學(xué)習(xí)的人為題，寫(xiě)一篇短文參賽，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 人物簡(jiǎn)介；
2. 值得你學(xué)習(xí)的原因。
注意：1. 寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)100左右；
2. 短文題目已為你寫(xiě)好。
A Rle Mdel I Learn frm
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Sample:
A Rle Mdel I Learn frm
There are many extrardinary peple that can be called a mdel. The ne I want t learn frm is my aunt, a middle-aged nurse, always wearing a smile and a determined lk.
Her selfless devtin t her jb never fails t appeal t me. Additinally, it is her passinate belief in what she is ding that leaves a deep impressin n me. Faced with the utbreak f the epidemic, she went t Wuhan withut a secnd thught, where she helped t save hundreds f lives. Whenever I encunter difficulties, her heric deeds will flash thrugh my mind and mtivate me t vercme them.
In my eye, my aunt is such an utstanding mdel that I want t learn frm her. What she has dne sheds light n the future lying befre me.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)為一篇應(yīng)用文。要求學(xué)生就身邊值得學(xué)習(xí)的人為題，寫(xiě)一篇短文參加學(xué)校組織的英語(yǔ)作文比賽。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累：
優(yōu)秀的：extrardinary→excellent/utstanding
吸引：appeal t→attract
遇到：encunter→meet with/cme acrss
在我看來(lái)：in my eyes→as far as I am cncerned/frm my pint f view
2.句式拓展：
原句：In my eye, my aunt is such an utstanding mdel that I want t learn frm her.
拓展句：In my eye, such an utstanding mdel is my aunt that I want t learn frm her.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】
The ne I want t learn frm is my aunt, a middle-aged nurse, always wearing a smile and a determined lk.(運(yùn)用了定語(yǔ)從句、名詞短語(yǔ)作同位語(yǔ)和現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。)
【高分句型2】
Additinally, it is her passinate belief in what she is ding that leaves a deep impressin n me.(運(yùn)用了what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。)
【高分句型3】
Faced with the utbreak f the epidemic, she went t Wuhan withut a secnd thught, where she helped t save hundreds f lives.(運(yùn)用了過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)和where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。)
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