在歷年高考閱讀理解中，對細節(jié)理解類題型的考查同往年一樣，依然占了較大的比例（60%左右），全國及各省、市均有對此題型的考查，無一例外。
細節(jié)理解題要求考生對閱讀材料中的某一具體事實和細節(jié)進行理解。它們大都是根據文章中的具體信息如事實、例證、原因、過程、論述等進行提問的。有些問題可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些則需要我們在理解的基礎上將有關內容系統(tǒng)化才能找到，比如計算、排序、是非判斷、圖形比較等。
分析今年高考題可知，細節(jié)理解類題呈不斷上升的趨勢，且由過去簡單的對號入座直接答題轉向通過語句的同義或反義詞及長難句來考查考生對語言的理解能力，難度比之前有所增加。
預計2024年高考細節(jié)理解題仍舊占比7-8題。
近3年新高考細節(jié)理解數據分析
掌握技巧,靈活運用
(1)細心審題,直接就題找答案提取“帶著問題找答案”的方法,先從問題中抓住關鍵性尚(題眼),然后以此為線索運用略讀及查讀的技巧快速:得在文章中尋找與此問題相關的段落、語句, 仔細品味,對照比較,確定答案。
(2)變通理解,間接轉述找答案
細節(jié)理解題通常采用詞語和句型轉換的形式來取代原文中的表述,命題者在出這類題時慣用“偷梁換柱、張冠李戴”的手法來迷惑考生,即對原句細微處做改動,摘取原文詞語或結構進行改造,因果倒置,把A的觀點說成B的觀點等。
(3)多點歸納,綜合事實找答案
細節(jié)理解題有時考查的并不是單一的信息,而是多處信息的整合。解答此類“綜合”信息細節(jié)題時,一定要全面捕捉相關信息,進行綜合分析、歸納,切忌根據“一面之詞”草率地得出結論。
明確干擾,破除陷阱
(1)擴大或縮小范圍
文章為了表達準確嚴密,經常通過加上相應的詞語限制如涉及數量時常用many,almst all,nearly, mre than, ver, nly afew,nrmally等限制。有些干擾項改變或去掉限定詞語,甚至是擴大或縮小語言范圍。
(2)偷換概念
命題者設計試題時往往把原文的概念偷換成另一個不同的概念。望文生義是造成錯誤的主要原因。
(3)正誤并存
在干擾項中,某個句子或詞語是正確的,其他分句或詞語是錯誤的或表達不全面,正誤并存,命題者常會借此以假亂真。
典例分析
典例一
（2023·新高考I卷B 篇）When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A dirty stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (細菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right cmbinatin f animals and plants, he figured, maybe he culd clean up waste the way nature did. He decided t build what he wuld later call an ec-machine.
The task Jhn set fr himself was t remve harmful substances frm sme sludge (污泥). First, he cnstructed a series f clear fiberglass tanks cnnected t each ther. Then he went arund t lcal pnds and streams and brught back sme plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds f life gt used t ne anther and frmed their wn ecsystem. After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.
“Eclgical design” is the name Jhn gives t what he des. “Life n Earth is kind f a bx f spare parts fr the inventr,” he says. “Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair.”
1．What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．He was fnd f traveling.B．He enjyed being alne.
C．He had an inquiring mind.D．He lnged t be a dctr.
2．Why did Jhn put the sludge int the tanks?
A．T feed the animals.B．T build an ecsystem.
C．T prtect the plants.D．T test the ec-machine.
典例二
（2023·新高考II卷B 篇）Turning sil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sund like tugh wrk fr middle and high schl kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramill, wh with anther teacher started Urban Spruts, a schl garden prgram at fur lw-incme schls. The prgram aims t help students develp science skills, envirnmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
5．What d we knw abut Abby Jaramill?
A．She used t be a health wrker.B．She grew up in a lw-incme family.
C．She wns a fast fd restaurant.D．She is an initiatr f Urban Spruts.
（建議用時：8分鐘/篇）
1.（2023·江蘇·統(tǒng)考模擬預測）A vast majrity f peple usually argue that cycling can make a significant cntributin t ur wrld. In reality, there is a gap between desired and actual numbers. In Germany, fr instance, nly 20% f the everyday shrt-distance trips are cvered by bicycle. When enquiring abut the causes, researchers fund ne pint repeatedly tps the list: the perceived r ptential risk n the bike rutes used. Increasing the share f cycling trips thus depends crucially n well-develped bike paths.
Hwever, designing efficient bike path netwrks is a cmplex task that invlves balancing a variety f limitatins while meeting verall demand. In additin, many districts are cnfrnted with a shrtage f funds available fr imprving the infrastructure. Researchers prpse a new apprach t generating efficient bike path netwrks. This cnsiders demand distributin and the rute ptin f cyclists based n preferences fr secure utings. Typically, minimizing the travel distance is far frm the slely gal. Aspects such as attractiveness f a rute are als taken int accunt.
Under real cnditins, a bike path netwrk is created by cnstantly adding bike paths t mre streets. This time, researchers start with an ideal, cmplex netwrk, in which all streets in a city are equipped with a bike path. In a virtual prcess, they gradually remve less used bike path sectins frm this netwrk. The rute selectin f cyclists is cntinuusly updated. Thus, a series f bike path netwrks is created and is always adapted t the current usage. Each stage f it crrespnds t a variant that culd be carried ut with less financial supprt.
“We illustrate the applicability f this demand-driven planning fr crwded urban areas f Dresden and Hamburg,” explains researcher Christph Steinacker. “We are appraching a real-life issue here using the theretic tlbx f netwrk dynamics and cmpare efficient bike path netwrks under different cnditins.”
1．Why d peple rarely cycle?
A．They think f cycling as inefficient.B．They usually take lng-distance trips.
C．They’re cncerned abut the security.D．They’re unable t find special bike rads.
2．What is a challenge fr gd bike path netwrks?
A．Tight budgets.B．Cmplex rutes.
C．Maximized travel distance.D．Decreasing cycling demand.
3．What can be learned abut the planning put frward by researchers?
A．It will be updated nce in a while.B．It is cntrary t the real-life design.
C．It ensures every street has a bike path.D．It serves as a mdel fr ther districts.
4．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．Gd Planning Gets the Bike RllingB．A gd Netwrk Benefits Mre Peple
C．Cycling Paths Change Crwded Urban AreasD．A New Cncept Cntributes t a Better Wrld
2.（2023·浙江溫州·統(tǒng)考一模）Five-year-ld Mustafa is smiling fr the first time in ages. She did nt receive a new ty r her favrite candy; rather, she gt a wig (假發(fā)).
Mustafa had t g thrugh painful prcedures after being diagnsed (診斷) with cancer at an early age. Her father expressed her sadness when she lst her hair after mnths f chemtherapy (化療). “She saw children her age jumping in playgrunds and spending hurs styling their hair, while she culdn’t. Lsing her hair made her hpeless, negatively impacting her respnse t treatment,” the girl’s father said.
Cming frm a less frtunate family, Mustafa nw sits in a humble hairdresser’s in Cair, sliding her fingers thrugh her new lng hair as she lks in the mirrr with fresh enthusiasm. Behind that smile and renewed cnfidence is Salam, frm Egypt, wh has been persnally funding and designing free wigs fr children with cancer t give them pwer t defeat their illness.
Salam tk up his missin when he saw a viral vide n scial media f a yung cancer patient wh was excited at receiving a new wig. It was the mment when he decided t prvide free wigs t children with cancer t lift up their spirits. “Many families can barely affrd expensive cancer treatment csts, let alne cstly csmetic (美容) services that can play a huge rle in restring children’s cnfidence and giving them strength t cntinue their treatment,” said Salam.
As part f the self-funded initiative, Salam purchases the necessary requirements t make a wig, while his father helps design hairstyles t serve different children. S far, Salam has helped ver 15 children walk ut f his shp empwered with big smiles.
Despite the several challenges, Salam said making wigs gives him as much happiness as it des fr his yung custmers. “Children need the emtinal and mral supprt t g thrugh this tugh illness.” He added, “Lsing their hair drives them t withdraw int themselves ut f fear and embarrassment. I cannt help in their treatment, but I can help them get thrugh it.”
5．Why are a ty and candy mentined in paragraph 1?
A．T suggest the girl’s age.
B．T imply a serius illness.
C．T shw the shrtage f tys.
D．T highlight the value f the wig.
6．What can be learned frm the father’s wrds?
A．Hair style matters much.
B．Sprts benefit Mustafa.
C．Hair lss depressed Mustafa.
D．Mustafa’s treatment failed.
7．What led t Salam’s decisin n the missin?
A．His sympathy.
B．Family supprt.
C．Gvemment fund.
D．Mustafa’s enthusiasm.
8．What kind f persn is Salam accrding t the passage?
A．Cautius and creative.B．Inspiring and talented.
C．Caring and determined.D．Ambitius and patient.
3.（2023·浙江金華·校聯考一模）The rmantic Rhine, which flws mre than 700 miles frm Switzerland t the Nrth Sea, is ne f the mst ppular cruising(巡游) rivers in Eurpe, with many ptins available. Take a lk at things t d in Rhine River!
Amsterdam
Many Rhine River Cruises begin r end in Amsterdam. This city is ppular amng multiple age grups and types f travelers fr its relaxing atmsphere. Grab a bicycle and enjy an afternn f cafes, art, and histrical sites. The Anne Frank Huse is a ppular attractin in Amsterdam. Be sure t check if yur river cruise can help with advance tickets as the lines are cnsistently lng, thugh.
Neuschwanstein Castle
This fairytale castle is in the heart f Bavaria, Germany. Situated in the Black Frest, and cnjuring up(喚起) visins f princes and princesses, it is an extremely ppular turist attractin. It was in fact ne f the inspiratins fr Walt Disney’s Sleeping Beauty Castle. If yur Rhine River cruise includes a stp in Munich, there’s a gd chance that visits t Neuschwanstein will be available.
Strasburg
If yu’re lking fr a classic Eurpean cuntry twn, this is the stp fr yu Strasburg has a typical French feel, with cbblestned streets, small shps, and f curse a cathedral. Be sure t visit picturesque Petite France, the histric quarter f twn, and Rhan Palace t walk in the ftsteps f Marie Antinette, the last queen f France befre the French Revlutin. Strasburg is als a delightful place fr visit fr Christmas markets.
Basel
Sharing three internatinal brders: Switzerland, Germany, and France, Basel presents a fascinating cmbinatin f cultures, cuisines, and languages. Yu can enjy several wnderful histric sights in Basel, within a shrt distance frm each ther, and dn’t miss a walk thrugh the Btanical Gardens
9．What d Amsterdam and Strasburg have in cmmn?
A．They have histrical sites.
B．They have a relaxing French style.
C．They are hme t big shpping malls.
D．They are famus fr the picturesque scenery.
10．What might be the reasn fr Neuschwanstein Castle’s ppularity?
A．Its mysterius stry.B．Its favurable lcatin
C．Its fairytale rmance.D．Its inspiratin fr films.
11．Which stp wuld yu recmmend mst t thse wh want t experience diverse cultures?
A．AmsterdamB．Neuschwanstein Castle.
C．StrasburgD．Basel.
4.（2023·浙江溫州·統(tǒng)考一模）In 1970s, a psychlgist named J. P. Guilfrd cnducted a famus study f creativity knwn as the nine-dt puzzle (九點謎題). He challenged research subjects t cnnect all nine dts using just fur straight lines withut lifting their pencils frm the page. All the participants limited the pssible slutins t thse within the imaginary square. Only 20 percent managed t break ut f the cnfinement (束縛) and cntinue their lines in the white space surrunding the dts.
The fact that 80 percent f the participants were effectively blinded by the bundaries f the square led Guilfrd t jump t the sweeping cnclusin that creativity requires yu t g utside the bx. The idea went viral. Overnight, it seemed that creativity experts everywhere were teaching managers hw t think utside the bx. The cncept enjyed such strng ppularity that n ne bthered t check the facts. N ne, that is, befre tw different research teams-Clarke Burnham with Kenneth Davis, and Jseph Alba with Rbert Weisberg-ran anther experiment.
Bth teams fllwed the same way f dividing participants int tw grups. The first grup was given the same instructins as the participants in Guilfrd’s experiment. The secnd grup was tld that the slutin required the lines t be drawn utside the imaginary bx. Guess what? Only 25 percent slved the puzzle. In statistical terms, this 5 percent imprvement is insignificant as this culd be called sampling errr.
Let’s lk a little mre clsely at the surprising result. Slving this prblem requires peple t literally think utside the bx. Yet participants’ perfrmance was nt imprved even when they were given specific instructins t d s. That is, direct and clear instructins t think utside the bx did nt help. That this advice is useless shuld effectively have killed ff the much widely spread — and therefre, much mre dangerus — metaphr (比喻) that ut-f-the-bx thinking bsts creativity. After all, with ne simple yet brilliant experiment, researchers had prven that the cnceptual link between thinking utside the bx and creativity was a misunderstanding.
12．What did the nine-dt puzzle study fcus n?
A．Visual perceptin.
B．Thinking patterns.
C．Practical experience.
D．Theretical knwledge.
13．Why did the tw research teams run the fllw-up experiment?
A．T test the catchy cncept.
B．T cntradict the initial idea.
C．T cllect supprting evidence
D．T identify the underlying lgic.
14．Which f the fllwing best describes the fllw-up experiment?
A．Grundless.B．Inspiring.C．Fruitless.D．Revealing.
15．Which is the best title fr the passage?
A．Puzzle Slving: A Key T Creativity
B．Thinking Outside the Bx: A Misguided Idea
C．Nine-Dt Puzzle: A Magic Test
D．Creative Thinking: We Fell Fr The Trap
5.（2023·浙江寧波·統(tǒng)考一模）When driving, Clara-Marina Martinez takes dwn any unusual behaviur she sees n the rad. She then feeds these int machine-learning algrithms (算法), a frm f AI, which are intended t prduce a system reliable enugh fr a car t drive itself withut any disturbance frm the driver, and cpe with all situatins n the rad. But this prving hard t achieve, carmakers chse t scale back many attempts t d s. Last year, fr instance, Uber, a ride-hailing service, sld ff its unit develping self-driving cars at a lw price.
Autnmus vehicles are basted as being nt just cnvenient but ptentially safer. Hwever, just as peple take time t learn hw t drive safely, machines are n exceptin. The RAND Crpratin, an American think-tank, calculates that t develp a system 20% safer than a human driver, a fleet f 100 self-driving cars wuld have t perate 24 hurs a day, 365 days a year, and cver 14 billin kilmetres. At average rad speeds, that wuld take abut 400 years.
Carmakers such as Prsche therefre accelerate the develpment prcess using simulatrs (模擬器). These teach sftware abut danger nly rarely encuntered in reality. Dr Martinez and her clleagues emply “game engines”, the prgrams that generate pht realistic images in cmputer games, t d this. These are used t create virtual wrlds thrugh which the sftware can drive.
Hw quickly, if ever, all this will translate int reality remains t be seen. Bth regulatrs and custmers will need t vercme dubt that a sftware driver really can be safer than human. Frm Prsche’s pint f view, thugh, there is ne ther relevant questin. Given that much f the reasn fr wning a sprts car is fr wners t shw ff what they regard as their driving skills, just hw big a market will there be fr a versin where sftware takes thse basting rights away?
16．What d the underlined wrds “scale back” mean in Paragraph 1?
A．MakeB．Overlk.C．Encurage.D．Reduce.
17．The learning prcess f autnmus vehicles’ safe driving can be described as___________.
A．time-cnsumingB．fast-pacedC．thught-prvkingD．well-designed
18．What challenge d autnmus vehicles bring t Prsche?
A．Ensuring the pleasure f drivingB．Making their sprts cars affrdable.
C．Remving public dubts abut safety.D．Integrating game engines int their vehicles.
19．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Prsche: Sprts Cars at RiskB．Self-driving Cars: Still Sme Way t G
C．Simulatrs: The Cre f Autnmus VehiclesD．Machine Learning Algrithms: The Arrival f Al
6.（2023·浙江金華·校聯考一模）I ask every student I interview fr admissin t my institutin, Pitzer Cllege, the same questin, “What d yu lk frward t the mst in cllege?” I was astnished and delighted recently when a student replied, “I lk frward t the pssibility f failure.” Of curse, this is nt hw mst students respnd t the questin when sitting befre the persn wh can make decisins abut their academic futures, but this yung man tk a risk.
“Yu see, my parents have never let me fail,” he said. “When I want t take a chance at smething, they remind me it’s nt a safe rute t take. Taking a mre demanding curse r trying an activity I may nt succeed in, they tell me, will ruin my chances at cllege admissin.”
I wish I culd tell yu this is an uncmmn stry, but kids all ver the wrld admit they are under great pressure t be perfect. When I was traveling in China last fall and asked a Chinese student what she did fr fun, she replied: “I thught I wasn’t suppsed t tell yu that? I wuldn’t want yu t think I am nt serius abut my wrk!”
Students are usually in shck when I laugh and tell them I never expect perfectin. Of curse, this ges against everything they’ve been tld. Hw culd a dean (院長) f admissin at ne f America’s mst selective institutins nt want the best and the brightest? The reality is, perfectin desn’t exist, and we dn’t expect t see it in a cllege applicatin. In fact, admissin fficers tend t questin students wh present themselves as individuals withut shrtcmings.
We get the mst excited when we read an applicatin that seems real. It’s s rare t hear stries f defeat. If their perspectives are f lessns learned, these applicants tend t jump t the tp at highly selective clleges. We believe an errr in high schl shuld nt define the rest f yur life, but hw yu respnd culd shape yu frever.
20．What can we learn abut the student in the first tw paragraphs?
A．He is taught nt t take risks.
B．He tries t avid any chance f failure.
C．He cares little abut his academic futures
D．He is seldm allwed t take part in activities.
21．Why des the authr mentin the Chinese student in paragraph 3?
A．T emphasize the imprtance f hard wrk.
B．T cmpare students frm different cuntries.
C．T give an example f the students he favrs.
D．T illustrate the widespread stress n students
22．What is prbably admissin fficers’ attitude twards a perfect applicatin?
A．Dubtful.B．Cnfused.C．Favrable.D．Casual.
23．What is the key t success in cllege accrding t the authr?
A．A desire fr perfectin
B．The ability t learn frm defeats.
C．The pprtunity f making mistakes.
D．An experience f defeat in high schl
7.（2023·廣東佛山·佛山一中校考二模）When yu were at schl, were yu ever tld t stp daydreaming and cncentrate? It was easy fr yur mind t wander if yu weren’t interested in what yu were learning r if yu had better things t think abut. Staying fcused can still be a challenge in adult life, but understanding hw t d it, and knwing what is distracting yu, can help.
Scientists have lked at what makes us delay and fund a number f ways t help us stay in the zne. One f the mst bvius things is eliminating nise. Research by Science Fcus magazine fund silence is the best fr cncentratin, r a gentle backgrund hum and cffee shp nise is great! It als fund turning ff ntificatins n yur phne, r switching it ff altgether, remves a majr distractin and helps us fcus n the task at hand.
Anther pssible cure fr a shrt attentin span is brain training. Psychlgists and neurscientists are increasingly interested in ur ability t settle dwn and have lked at what we can change inside ur head t make us cncentrate. An article fr BBC Future by Carline Williams says that “Attentin Researcher Nilli Lavie f University Cllege Lndn has fund that making a task mre visually demanding takes up mre prcessing pwer and leaves the brain nthing left t prcess distractins.” S, keeping yur mind busy might be the answer.
There are mre practical tips t keeping yur mind fcused. These include making a list r timetable f the tasks yu have t d, finding a wrkspace where yu’re nt tempted t d ther things, r chewing sme gum! It’s pssible the mvement in yur muth ccupies parts f the brain that might therwise get distracted.
But accrding t Science Fcus magazine, distractin isn’t all bad. “If we were always s fcused that we never g distracted, we’d miss ptential changes, such as threats, in ur envirnment. Distractin is vital fr survival.”
24．Which f the fllwing is similar t the underlined phrase in paragrapb 2?
A．Cncerned.B．Enthusiastic.C．Calm.D．Absrbed.
25．Why des the authr suggest keeping ur mind busy?
A．T intrduce a mental recvery.
B．T explain the cause f distractin.
C．T recmmend a kind f intelligence training.
D．T suggest a way t train the brain t cncentrate.
26．What is Science Fcus magazine’s attitude t distractin?
A．Cntradictry.B．All-sided.C．Dubtful.D．Puzzling.
27．Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Hw t Stay FcusedB．The Harm f Distractin
C．The Research abut DistractinD．The Benefits f Keeping Fcused
8.（2023·湖北襄陽·襄陽四中校考模擬預測）Fr years, I rejected this part f myself, until I realized what I was missing.
I used t be prud f my suthern rigin. My wn vice reflected my family’s past and present, all suthern. While grwing up, I began t realize utside f ur regin, sutherners were ften dismissed as uncultured and uneducated, ignrant and narrw-minded. In that awkward stage between teenager and adult, my accent was a symbl f everything I hated abut my life in the rural Suth.
The prcess f getting rid f my accent began in high schl with Gilmre Girls. After each episde, I’d stand befre a mirrr, practicing the characters’ lines in an effrt t speak like a “nrmal” white upper-middle-class girl. Eventually, I was successful at breaking dwn my tngue and rebuilding it. Every time I was asked where I was frm, I wuld say “near Memphis” r make an ambiguus statement abut my cuntry backgrund.
Nw I’m living in a big city with a respectable jb dwntwn. Every step I walk frm the train statin t the ffice seems victrius. Hwever, I’ve been pretending and I’m fed up with it. Occasinally my ld self escapes frm my lips when encuraged by an extra glass f whiskey, but I uncnsciusly g back t the safety f the unaccented minutes later, making me feel as if I’m a fraud — a girl wh frgets where she cmes frm. Then gradually I’ve becme kind f hmesick that leads me t put n the ld Highwmen recrd and dance arund, singing with all the accent s I’ve gt left.
My grandmther used t tell me, “Girl, dn’t yu frget where yu cme frm?” Memries are fading by time but this ne has remained impressed n my mind. S, I decide t mve back. I’m still searching fr what it means t be suthern, but nw I’m ding it with all the “y’alls”, and “ain’ts” I’ve kept back fr s lng.
28．Why did the authr decide t get rid f her suthern accent?
A．Because she hated the suthern rural life.B．Because it reflected her shameful past.
C．Because it made her laughed at by thers.D．Because she was misled by prejudice.
29．What’s the main idea f Paragraph 3?
A．The authr learnt the language well.B．The authr managed t rebuild her accent.
C．The authr made a white upper class girl.D．The authr finally succeeded in big cities.
30．What cntributed mst t the authr’s return t her suthern accent?
A．Her grandmther’s wrds.B．Her hmesickness.
C．Her bredm f pretending.D．Her ver-drinking.
31．What message des the passage want t cnvey?
A．Everyne has his dark secret.B．Gd helps thse wh help themselves.
C．There’s always a silver lining in the clud.D．Yu shuld never cmprmise wh yu are.
9.（2023·山東·德州市第一中學校聯考模擬預測）Damn Carsn calls himself a matchmaker (媒人) f the never-ending waste f American sciety, trying nt t pair peple with peple, but things with peple.
In the late 1990s, Carsn was n break frm business schl in Vail, Clrad, when he discvered the vast wrld f waste. He began thinking abut creating a secndhand stre that wuld sell ld materials and keep them ut f being wasted. As a result, in 2010, his cmpany, Repurpsed Materials appeared.
Fr nearly ten years, his cmpany, Repurpsed Materials, has nt been lking t recycle the waste he gets — breaking it dwn t make smething new — but rather finding new hmes fr thrwn-away gds in their riginal frms.
Carsn, a husband and father f three adult children, is far frm wasteful. Frugal is hw he describes himself. The clthes he’s wearing all came frm a charity shp; his truck was bught with 290, 000 kilmeters driven.
“Why break smething dwn, why melt smething dwn, if it still has value?” he asks. An ld il-field pipe might be melted dwn and turned int a car bumper, but it still takes an amunt f pwer t finish the cmplete change. Why nt leave it as a steel pipe? Why nt turn it int a fence pst n a farm? The nly cst is transprt.
American industrial facilities create and thrw abut 7.6 billin tns f unwanted industrial materials every year. Fr the mment, Carsn’s unique business finds new lives fr millins f kilgrams f industrial waste every year.
32．What is paragraph tw mainly abut?
A．Carsn’s schl lessns.
B．Carsn’s jurney t Clrad.
C．The start f Carsn’s business.
D．The serius waste f materials.
33．What is Repurpsed Materials aimed at?
A．Marketing wastes t peple in need.
B．Breaking dwn the wasted gds.
C．Manufacturing industrial prducts.
D．Recycling the thrwn-away stuffs.
34．Hw des Carsn describe his life?
A．Ecnmical.B．Petic.C．Tugh.D．Risky.
35．What can we learn frm Carsn?
A．Well began, half dne.
B．Innvative thinking cunts.
C．One is never t ld t learn.
D．Hard wrk will pay back.
10.（2023·山東·德州市第一中學校聯考模擬預測）Many schlars agree that a meaningful existence cmes dwn t three factrs: the cherence f ne’s life, the pssessin f clear lng-term gals and the belief that ne’s life matters. But we believe there is anther element t cnsider.
Imagine the first butterfly yu stp t admire after a lng winter r the scenery atp a hill after a fresh hike. Smetimes existence delivers us small mments f beauty. When peple are pen t appreciating such experiences, these mments may enhance hw they view their life. We call this element experiential appreciatin, an ability t detect and admire life’s inner beauty as events happen.
T better understand this appreciatin, we cnducted a series f studies invlving ver 3,000 participants. Initially, we had participants rate their cping strategies t relieve their stress. Thse managing stress by fcusing n their appreciatin fr life’s beauty reprted experiencing life as highly meaningful. In the fllw-ups, we asked them t rate the extent t which they agreed with varius statements, such as “I have a great appreciatin fr the beauty f life” and ther statements related t cherence, purpse, existential mattering. Our results shwed that the mre peple indicated that they were “appreciating life”, the mre they felt their existence valuable. In the subsequent experiment, we further explred the phenmenn by asking participants t watch an awe-inspiring vide, they als reprted having a greater sense f experiential appreciatin and meaning in life in these mments, cmpared with thse watching mre neutral vides.
The final results cnfirmed ur riginal thery: appreciating small things can make life feel mre meaningful. But applying that insight can be difficult. Our mdern, fast-paced, prject-riented lifestyles fill the day with targets. We are n the g, attempting t maximize ur utput. This makes it easy t miss what is happening right nw. Yet life happens in the present mment. We shuld slw dwn, let life surprise us and embrace the significance every day.
36．What is the authr’s belief in meaningful life?
A．Owning the cherence f life.
B．Setting a lng-term career gal.
C．Valuing what matters just t us.
D．Enjying present beauty f life.
37．What is the third paragraph mainly abut?
A．The apprach t cnducting the studies.
B．The analysis f the specific bjectives.
C．The necessity f a lng-term gal in life.
D．The lgic behind experiential appreciatin.
38．What challenges us t feel mre meaningful life accrding t the text?
A．Our fast-paced mdern lifestyle.
B．The lack f emplyment chances.
C．Our fcus n individual feelings.
D．The ignrance f future utcmes.
39．What can be the best title f the passage?
A．Appreciating the past.
B．Living in the mment.
C．Finding yurself back.
D．Embracing the future.
試卷類型
年份
篇序
體裁
話題
題量
新高考I卷
2023
A
應用文
自行車租賃和有導游的城市游
3
B
記敘文
生態(tài)設計助力生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的自我修復
2
C
說明文
數字機簡主義
3
D
說明文
集體商議的智慧
1
新高考II卷
2023
A
應用文
黃石國家公園的四項游園活動
3
B
記敘文
學校菜園項目
2
C
說明文
閱讀藝術
1
D
說明文
人類與大自然互動
3
新高考I卷
2022
A
說明文
文學概論課程評分原則
2
B
議論文
不要浪費食物
3
C
說明文
讓養(yǎng)老院的老人養(yǎng)雞
1
D
說明文
語音演變
2
新高考II卷
2022
A
應用文
兒童博物館團體游
3
B
夾敘夾議
孫子誤把兒童讀物當平板電腦
1
C
說明文
使用Textalyzer來監(jiān)控司機
1
D
說明文
鍛煉對心臟的好處
2
新高考I卷
2021
A
應用文
羅馬旅游社介紹
3
B
記敘文
翻樂譜的男子Rbert Titterman
3
C
說明文
保護野生動物和濕地
2
D
議論文
大眾化曲解情商本義
1
新高考II卷
2021
A
應用文
約克郡夏日活動
3
B
記敘文
照顧兩只幼虎
2
C
說明文
推動藝術教育的發(fā)展
2
D
議論文
牧牛機器人的研制
3

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