2023年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試(全國(guó)乙卷)
英語(yǔ)學(xué)科
注意事項(xiàng)：
1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上，并將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在本試卷上。
2.回答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑;如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。涂寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。
3.作答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案書寫在答題卡上，書寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。
4．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第一部分 聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分1.5分)
聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In the bk stre.B. In the register ffice.C. In the drm building.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Culd yu please tell me hw I can get t the student drm building?
M: Sure. Turn left when yu walk ut f this register ffice, pass the bkstre and yu’ll see it.
2. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
What is the weather like nw?
A. Sunny.B. Cludy.C. Rainy.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: We culdn’t ask fr a better day, culd we, Barbara?
W: I knw, Steve. There isn’t a clud in the sky. I lve this time f year.
M: Me, t. The flwers are beautiful but calling fr rain thugh.
3. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
What des the man want t d n the weekend?
A. D sme gardening.B. Have a barbecue.C. G fishing.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: We gt any plans this weekend?
W: We might start with ur vegetable garden, then the barbecue.
M: Sunds fun, but I still want t g fishing with Gerge.
4. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking abut?
A. A new ffice.B. A change f their jbs.C. A frmer clleague.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Lisa, I saw Jack this mrning.
W: Yu mean the frmer designer f ur cmpany? What’s he ding these days?
M: He said he’s gt a new jb as an art reprter.
5. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
What d we knw abut Andrew?
A. He’s ptimistic.B. He’s active.C. He’s shy.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: D yu ften g t the student unin, Andrew?
M: Pretty much. Once in a while I meet friends there and I spend a lt f time rganizing activities in different clubs r assciatins.
第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)
聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
6. Which f the fllwing des the wman dislike?
A. The bedrm.B. The sitting rm.C. The kitchen.
7. What des the wman suggest they d next?
A. G t anther agency.B. See sme ther flats.C. Visit the neighburs.
【答案】6. C 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: What d yu think, Terry?
M: Well, it has ne mre bedrm than the last flat. And the sitting rm is big.
W: But there is nt enugh cupbard space in the kitchen.
M: It’s cheaper than the last ne we saw. And it is in a gd neighbrhd.
W: Well, maybe we’ll have t see if the agent has anything else t shw us.
聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
8. What is the man ding?
A. He’s making a phne call.
B. He’s chairing a meeting.
C. He’s hsting a prgram.
9. What makes Mrs. Jhnsn wrried abut her daughter in Africa?
A. Lack f medical supprt.
B. Incnvenience f cmmunicatin.
C. Pr transprtatin system.
【答案】8. C 9. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Thank yu, Mrs. Jhnsn, fr what yu’ve shared with ur listeners. Nw, please tell us, d yu smetimes feel wrried abut yur daughter, nw that she’s grwn up?
W: Oh, I wrry abut her like all parents d. After she graduated frm medical schl, she went t vlunteer medical service in Africa.
M: Ww.
W: That’s kay if cmmunicatin was fine. But if there was n Internet r telephne cnnectin, we culd smetimes g tw weeks withut getting in tuch with each ther. That ften wrries me.
聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
10. What psitin des the man apply fr?
A. A salespersn.B. An engineer.C. An accuntant.
11. Which aspect f the cmpany appeals t the man?
A The cmpany culture.B. The free accmmdatins.C. The cmpetitive pay.
12. What is difficult fr the man t deal with?
A. Interpersnal relatinships.B. Quality-quantity balance.C. Unplanned happenings.
【答案】10. C 11. A 12. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Nw sell yurself in a minute please.
M: I graduated frm university tw years ag, and have since been wrking in an accunting cmpany. Apart frm the knwledge and skills related t my majr, I’m really gd with cmputers. I have a large amunt f experience wrking with big data. I think I’m well qualified fr the accuntant psitin here.
W: Gd! Why did yu chse this cmpany?
M: Petersn has been my dream cmpany all alng. Yu value prgress and fcus n the quality f wrk mre than the quantity. The flexible wrking hurs and wrking frm hme is als attractive.
W: Uh-huh. What d yu think is yur biggest weakness?
M: Well, when I wrk, I ften cncentrate s much n what I’m ding that I may have a hard time dealing with things that cme up unexpectedly. That may be annying t sme peple.
W: All right. Thank yu very much.
聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
13. Hw des Rbert sund when speaking f his being a writer?
A. Hpeful.B. Grateful.C. Dubtful.
14. What was Rbert like befre he was 9 years ld?
A. He had wild imaginatin.B. He enjyed sprts.C. He lved science.
15. What did Rbert’s father d?
A. A teacher.B. A cach.C. A librarian.
16. What helped Rbert becme a writer?
A. Writing daily.B. Listening t stries.C. Reading extensively.
【答案】13. B 14. B 15. A 16. C
【解析】
【原文】W: S Rbert, I guess yu must be well int yur third decade as a writer. Hw is life treating yu?
M: Furth decade as a writer. Hmm, let me get my calculatr ut. Well, I guess I have been writing nvels since the 1980s. S yu’re right. But I have been writing all f my life. And t answer yur questin, life has been treating me excellently.
W: Can I ask yu abut yur childhd? Were yu a bkish child?
M: In a strange way, I was a nn-readeruntil I turned 9. I used t play basketball in the schlyards f Brklyn. My father was a high schl teacher f physics and chemistry. And he was a big reader. He wuld bring bks back frm his high schl library. One day I read the last chapter f a bk, the title f which I’ve lng since frgtten. I liked it s much that I started reading the remainder. Interestingly, I read the chapters backwards until I gt t the beginning. I really lved the experience, and I sn became an eager reader. Then my father wuld bring piles f bks hme frm the library. And I wuld read them all, and they were all fictin. I must add that I started reading the bks frm the start, as ppsed twrking backwards.
聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
17. Where was Open Tchaikvsky Cmpetitin held in 1986?
A. In Mscw.B. In Chelyabinsk.C. In Berlin.
18. What des Maxim say abut the cmpetitin he attended at 10?
A. It inspired many yung musicians.
B. It was the music event f his dreams.
C. It was a life-changing experience.
19. Which kind f music are the yung players required t play?
A. Rck music.B. Pp music.C. Classical music.
20. What des Maxim value mst in yung players’ perfrmance?
A. Expressiveness.B. Smthness.C. Cmpleteness.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hell, I’m Maxim Vengarv, and I’m very happy t share with yu my cnnectin with pen Tchaikvsky Cmpetitin. It was June 1986 when I came t Mscw t participate in pen Tchaikvsky Cmpetitin at the age f 10 frm Chelyabinsk. This was actually the turning pint f my life. Then I attended a wrld music festival in Berlin. And it was interesting t say that a kid made his breakthrughalready at the age f 10. And that was me. Nw as a judge f the cmpetitin, I can see clearly the huge challenges facing the musicians in the cmpetitin. Where else can yu see yung players playing within ten days—classical wrks and Russian traditinal music befre cming t the final stage? As a musician, it’s imprtant t give maximum attentin and time t yur wn reflectins f yur wn feelings. S, what I’m really lking fr in the cmpetitin is t meet smene wh can tuch me musically. I want t see the seed, at least the seed f the great tree that can grw. I wuld g fr this vilinist. I wuld g fr this musician.
第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
PRACTITIONERS
21. What did Jacqueline and James have in cmmn?
A. Ding teaching jbs.B. Being hired as physicians.
C. Perfrming surgery.D. Being banned frm medicine.
22. Hw was Tan Yunxian different frm the ther practitiners?
A. She wrte a bk.B. She went thrugh trials.
C. She wrked as a dentist.D. She had frmal educatin.
23. Wh was the first African American with a medical degree?
A. Jacqueline Felice de Almania.B. Tan Yunxian.
C. James Barry.D. Rebecca Lee Crumpler.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了四位從醫(yī)人員的生平與事跡。
【21題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章第一部分中的“Brn t a Jewish family in Flrence, she mved t Paris where she wrked as a physician and perfrmed surgery. (她出生于佛羅倫薩的一個(gè)猶太家庭，搬到巴黎當(dāng)醫(yī)生并做外科手術(shù))”以及第二部分中的“She qualified as a surgen in 1813 (她獲得了做外科醫(yī)生的資格)”和“Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical prfessin living and wrking as a man. (Barry于1859年退休，她以男人的身份生活和工作，從事了整個(gè)醫(yī)學(xué)職業(yè))”可知，Jacqueline和James的共同點(diǎn)是都有資格進(jìn)行外科手術(shù)。故選C。
【22題詳解】
推理判斷題。通讀全文，再根據(jù)文章第三部分中的“Tan wrte a bk, Sayings f a Female Dctr, describing her life as a physician. (Tan寫了一本書《女醫(yī)生的故事》，描述了她作為一名醫(yī)生的生活)”可推知，Tan與其他從業(yè)人員的不同之處在于她寫了一本書。故選A。
【23題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章第一部分中的“Fur years later, she was the first African American wman t receive a medical degree. (四年后，她成為第一位獲得醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)位的非裔美國(guó)女性)”可知，Rebecca Lee Crumpler是第一位獲得醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)位的非裔美國(guó)人。故選D。
B
Living in Iwa and trying t becme a phtgrapher specializing in landscape (風(fēng)景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the crn state lacks gegraphical variatin.
Althugh landscapes in the Midwest tend t be quite similar, either farm fields r highways, smetimes I find distinctive character in the hills r lakes. T make sme f my landscape shts, I have traveled up t fur hurs away t sht within a 10-minute time frame. I tend t travel with a few f my friends t state parks r t the cuntryside t g n adventures and take phts alng the way.
Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style f phtgraphy. I ften leave early t seek the right destinatins s I can set up early t avid missing the mment I am attempting t phtgraph. I have missed plenty f beautiful sunsets/sunrises due t being n the spt nly five minutes befre the best mment.
One time my friends and I drve three hurs t Devil’s Lake, Wiscnsin, t climb the purple quartz (石英) rck arund the lake. After we fund a crazy-lking rad that hung ver a bunch f rcks, we decided t phtgraph the scene at sunset. The psitin enabled us t lk ver the lake with the sunset in the backgrund. We managed t leave this spt t climb higher because f the spare time until sunset. Hwever, we did nt mark the rute (路線) s we ended up almst missing the sunset entirely. Once we fund the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, lking back n the phts, they are sme f my best shts thugh they culd have been s much better if I wuld have been prepared and managed my time wisely.
24. Hw des the authr deal with the challenge as a landscape phtgrapher in the Midwest?
A. By teaming up with ther phtgraphers.B. By shting in the cuntryside r state parks.
C. By studying the gegraphical cnditins.D. By creating settings in the crn fields.
25. What is the key t successful landscape phtgraphy accrding t the authr?
A. Prper time management.B. Gd shting techniques.
C. Adventurus spirit.D. Distinctive styles.
26. What can we infer frm the authr’s trip with friends t Devil’s Lake?
A. They went crazy with the purple quartz rck.
B. They felt stressed while waiting fr the sunset.
C. They reached the shting spt later than expected.
D. They had prblems with their equipment.
27. Hw des the authr find his phts taken at Devil’s Lake?
A. Amusing.B. Satisfying.
C. Encuraging.D. Cmfrting.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者作為一名風(fēng)景攝影師，在攝影途中發(fā)生的一些所見(jiàn)所聞。
【24題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章第二段“I tend t travel with a few f my friends t state parks r t the cuntryside t g n adventures and take phts alng the way. (我傾向于和幾個(gè)朋友一起去州立公園或鄉(xiāng)村探險(xiǎn)，沿途拍照)”可知，作為一名中西部的風(fēng)景攝影師，作者應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的方式是去鄉(xiāng)村或州立公園拍攝。故選B。
【25題詳解】
推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章最后一段“Still, lking back n the phts, they are sme f my best shts thugh they culd have been s much better if I wuld have been prepared and managed my time wisely. (盡管如此，回顧這些照片，它們?nèi)匀皇俏易詈玫囊恍┱掌?，盡管如果我能明智地準(zhǔn)備和管理我的時(shí)間，它們本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為，風(fēng)景攝影成功的關(guān)鍵是適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)間管理。故選A。
【26題詳解】
推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章最后一段“Hwever, we did nt mark the rute (路線) s we ended up almst missing the sunset entirely. (然而，我們沒(méi)有標(biāo)出路線，所以我們幾乎完全錯(cuò)過(guò)了日落)”可推知，作者在與朋友的魔鬼湖之旅中，到達(dá)拍攝地點(diǎn)的時(shí)間比預(yù)期的要晚。故選C。
【27題詳解】
推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章最后一段“Still, lking back n the phts, they are sme f my best shts thugh they culd have been s much better if I wuld have been prepared and managed my time wisely. (盡管如此，回顧這些照片，它們?nèi)匀皇俏易詈玫囊恍┱掌?，盡管如果我能明智地準(zhǔn)備和管理我的時(shí)間，它們本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為自己在魔鬼湖拍攝的照片是令人滿意的。故選B。
C
What cmes int yur mind when yu think f British fd? Prbably fish and chips r a Sunday dinner f meat and tw vegetables. But is British fd really s uninteresting? Even thugh Britain has a reputatin fr less-than-impressive cuisine, it is prducing mre tp class chefs wh appear frequently n ur televisin screens and whse recipe bks frequently tp the best seller lists.
It’s thanks t these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britns are turning away frm meat-and-tw-veg and ready-made meals and becming mre adventurus in their cking habits. It is recently reprted that the number f thse sticking t a traditinal diet is slwly declining and arund half f Britain’s cnsumers wuld like t change r imprve their cking in sme way. There has been a rise in the number f students applying fr fd curses at UK universities and clleges. It seems that TV prgrammes have helped change what peple think abut cking.
Accrding t a new study frm market analysts, 1 in 5 Britns say that watching ckery prgrammes n TV has encuraged them t try different fd. Almst ne third say they nw use a wider variety f ingredients (配料) than they used t, and just under 1 in 4 say they nw buy better quality ingredients than befre. One in fur adults say that TV chefs have made them much mre cnfident abut expanding their ckery knwledge and skills, and yung peple are als getting mre interested in cking. The UK’s bsessin (癡迷) with fd is reflected thrugh televisin scheduling. Ckery shws and dcumentaries abut fd are bradcast mre ften than befre. With an increasing number f male chefs n TV, it’s n lnger “uncl” fr bys t like cking.
28. What d peple usually think f British fd?
A. It is simple and plain.B. It is rich in nutritin.
C. It lacks authentic tastes.D. It deserves a high reputatin.
29. Which best describes ckery prgramme n British TV?
A. Authritative.B. Creative.C. Prfitable.D. Influential.
30. Which is the percentage f the peple using mre diverse ingredients nw?
A. 20%.B. 24%.C. 25%.D. 33%.
31. What might the authr cntinue talking abut?
A. The art f cking in ther cuntries.B. Male chefs n TV prgrammes.
C. Table manners in the UK.D. Studies f big eaters.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. D 31. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹英國(guó)人在英國(guó)烹飪節(jié)目的影響下改變對(duì)烹飪的看法，并嘗試新的烹飪習(xí)慣。
【28題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“What cmes int yur mind when yu think f British fd? Prbably fish and chips, r a Sunday dinner f meat and tw vegetables. But is British fd really s uninteresting?”（當(dāng)你想到英國(guó)食物時(shí)，你會(huì)想到什么？你可能想到的是炸魚薯?xiàng)l，或是一肉兩菜的周日晚餐。但是，英國(guó)食物真的如此無(wú)趣嗎？）可知，提及英國(guó)食物，大家往往只是想到炸魚薯?xiàng)l和周日烤肉，所以人們通常會(huì)覺(jué)得英國(guó)食物平平無(wú)奇。故選A項(xiàng)。
【29題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“It’s thanks t these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britns are turning away frm meat-and-tw-veg and ready-made meals and becming mre adventurus in their cking habits.”（正是由于電視上的這些大廚，而不是憑借廣告宣傳活動(dòng)，英國(guó)人正在遠(yuǎn)離“一肉兩菜”和速食餐，而變得更加愿意探索新的烹飪習(xí)慣。）和“It seems that TV prgrammes have helped change what peple think abut cking.”（似乎電視節(jié)目幫助改變了人們對(duì)烹飪的看法。）可知，英國(guó)的烹飪節(jié)目能夠改變英國(guó)人對(duì)烹飪的看法，嘗試從傳統(tǒng)的英式飲食走出來(lái)，嘗試新的烹飪習(xí)慣，由此推知英國(guó)的烹飪節(jié)目具有很大的影響力。故選D項(xiàng)。
【30題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Almst ne third say they nw use a wider variety f ingredients (配料) than they used t, and just under 1 in 4 say they nw buy better quality ingredients than befre.”（幾乎三分之一的人表示他們現(xiàn)在使用的配料比以前更多，將近四分之一的人表示他們現(xiàn)在購(gòu)買的配料質(zhì)量比以前更好。）可知，三分之一左右的人，也就是33%左右的人，使用的配料比以前更多。故選D項(xiàng)。
【31題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“With an increasing number f male chefs n TV, it’s n lnger “uncl” fr bys t like cking.”（隨著電視上出現(xiàn)越來(lái)越多男性廚師，男孩子喜歡烹飪不再是一件“不酷”的事了。）可知，接下來(lái)，文章應(yīng)該具體介紹電視上的男性廚師，從而與上文形成語(yǔ)義連貫。故選B項(xiàng)。
D
If yu want t tell the histry f the whle wrld, a histry that des nt privilege ne part f humanity, yu cannt d it thrugh texts alne, because nly sme f the wrld has ever had texts, while mst f the wrld, fr mst f the time, has nt. Writing is ne f humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) scieties recrded their cncerns nt nly in writing but in things.
Ideally a histry wuld bring tgether texts and bjects, and sme chapters f this bk are able t d just that, but in many cases we simply can’t. The clearest example f this between literate and nn-literate histry is perhaps the first cnflict, at Btany Bay, between Captain Ck’s vyage and the Australian Abriginals. Frm the English side, we have scientific reprts and the captain’s recrd f that terrible day. Frm the Australian side, we have nly a wden shield (盾) drpped by a man in flight after his first experience f gunsht. If we want t recnstruct what was actually ging n that day, the shield must be questined and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reprts.
In additin t the prblem f miscmprehensin frm bth sides, there are victries accidentally r deliberately twisted, especially when nly the victrs knw hw t write. Thse wh are n the lsing side ften have nly their things t tell their stries. The Caribbean Tain, the Australian Abriginals, the African peple f Benin and the Incas, all f whm appear in this bk, can speak t us nw f their past achievements mst pwerfully thrugh the bjects they made: a histry tld thrugh things gives them back a vice. When we cnsider cntact (聯(lián)系) between literate and nn-literate scieties such as these, all ur first-hand accunts are necessarily twisted, nly ne half f a dialgue. If we are t find the ther half f that cnversatin, we have t read nt just the texts, but the bjects.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A. Hw past events shuld be presented.B. What humanity is cncerned abut.
C. Whether facts speak luder than wrds.D. Why written language is reliable.
33. What des the authr indicate by mentining Captain Ck in paragraph 2?
A. His reprt was scientific.B. He represented the lcal peple.
C. He ruled ver Btany Bay.D. His recrd was ne-sided.
34. What des the underlined wrd “cnversatin” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Prblem.B. Histry.C. Vice.D. Sciety.
35. Which f the fllwing bks is the text mst likely selected frm?
A. Hw Maps Tell Stries f the Wrld B. A Shrt Histry f Australia
C. A Histry f the Wrld in 100 Objects D. Hw Art Wrks Tell Stries
【答案】32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。本文討論了僅僅依靠書面文本來(lái)講述世界歷史的局限性，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了將物品納入歷史敘事以更好地理解無(wú)文字社會(huì)的重要性。
【32題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“If yu want t tell the histry f the whle wrld, a histry that des nt privilege ne part f humanity, yu cannt d it thrugh texts alne, because nly sme f the wrld has ever had texts, while mst f the wrld, fr mst f the time, has nt. Writing is ne f humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) scieties recrded their cncerns nt nly in writing but in things. (如果你想講述整個(gè)世界的歷史，一段不以人類某一部分為特權(quán)的歷史，你不能僅僅通過(guò)文本來(lái)講述，因?yàn)槭澜缟现挥幸徊糠秩嗽?jīng)有過(guò)文本，而世界上大多數(shù)人，在大多數(shù)時(shí)間里，都沒(méi)有。寫作是人類較晚的成就之一，直到最近，甚至許多有文字的社會(huì)也不僅用文字，而且用物件來(lái)記錄他們所關(guān)心的事情。)”可推知，第一段主要講述的是歷史應(yīng)該如何呈現(xiàn)給我們。故選A。
【33題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段首句“Ideally a histry wuld bring tgether texts and bjects, and sme chapters f this bk are able t d just that, but in many cases we simply can’t. (理想情況下，歷史應(yīng)該將文本和物品結(jié)合在一起，本書的某些章節(jié)能夠做到這一點(diǎn)，但在許多情況下，我們根本做不到。)”可推斷，作者認(rèn)為歷史應(yīng)該是文本和物品相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物，但是很多情況下，我們做不到。再根據(jù)所舉例子的下文“Frm the English side, we have scientific reprts and the captain’s recrd f that terrible day. Frm the Australian side, we have nly a wden shield (盾) drpped by a man in flight after his first experience f gunsht. (在英國(guó)方面，我們有科學(xué)報(bào)告和船長(zhǎng)對(duì)那可怕的一天的記錄。從澳大利亞方面來(lái)看，我們只有一個(gè)木制盾牌，這是一名男子在第一次經(jīng)歷槍擊后在飛行中扔下的。)”可知，作者舉這個(gè)例子是為了說(shuō)明船長(zhǎng)的記錄是片面的，只從自己的角度描述了問(wèn)題。故選D。
【34題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“The Caribbean Tain, the Australian Abriginals, the African peple f Benin and the Incas, all f whm appear in this bk, can speak t us nw f their past achievements mst pwerfully thrugh the bjects they made: a histry tld thrugh things gives them back a vice. When we cnsider cntact (聯(lián)系) between literate and nn-literate scieties such as these, all ur first-hand accunts are necessarily twisted, nly ne half f a dialgue. (加勒比海的泰諾人、澳大利亞的土著人、貝寧的非洲人以及印加人，所有這些人都出現(xiàn)在這本書中，他們現(xiàn)在都可以通過(guò)他們制造的物品向我們講述他們過(guò)去最強(qiáng)大的成就：通過(guò)物品講述的歷史給了他們一個(gè)聲音。當(dāng)我們考慮諸如此類的有文化社會(huì)和無(wú)文化社會(huì)之間的接觸時(shí)，我們所有的第一手資料都必然是扭曲的，只有對(duì)話的一半。)”結(jié)合劃線句“If we are t find the ther half f that cnversatin, we have t read nt just the texts, but the bjects. (如果我們要找到對(duì)話的另一半，我們不僅要讀文本，還要讀物體。)”可知，我們對(duì)過(guò)去歷史的了解，只是書寫歷史的人所想要讓我們了解的歷史，如果我們想要了解歷史的另一半，我們不僅僅要讀文本也要讀對(duì)象。所以cnversatin指的是“歷史”。故選B。
【35題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“If yu want t tell the histry f the whle wrld, a histry that des nt privilege ne part f humanity, yu cannt d it thrugh texts alne, because nly sme f the wrld has ever had texts, while mst f the wrld, fr mst f the time, has nt.(如果你想講述整個(gè)世界的歷史，一段不以人類某一部分為特權(quán)的歷史，你不能僅僅通過(guò)文本來(lái)講述，因?yàn)槭澜缟现挥幸徊糠秩说臍v史曾經(jīng)被文字記錄過(guò)，而世界上大多數(shù)人，在大多數(shù)時(shí)間里，都沒(méi)有。)”結(jié)合最后一段的“ If we are t find the ther half f that cnversatin, we have t read nt just the texts, but the bjects. (如果我們要找到對(duì)話的另一半，我們不僅要讀文本，還要讀物體。)”可知，本文講述僅僅依靠書面文本來(lái)講述世界歷史有局限性，想要更好的了解歷史就要將文本和物品結(jié)合在一起。從而推斷文章最有可能選自《100件物品中的世界史》。故選C。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Indr plants might lk as if they just sit arund nt ding much, but in many ways they are the unsung heres f the hme. ____36____, but studies have shwn that they can prmte peple’s wellbeing by imprving their md (心情), reducing stress and helping their memry. What’s mre, indr plants are easy t lk after and are nt very expensive.
What are indr plants?
Indr plants, als knwn as huseplants r pt plants, are plants that like t grw indrs. Many f these species (物種) are nt ideally suited t grwing utside in the UK, especially in the winter. ____37____.
Why are indr plants gd fr yu?
Will Spelstra, wh wrks at the Ryal Btanic Gardens, says, “____38____. I find during the winter mnths, plants arund the huse can really lift yur md.” Several studies have backed this up and fund that indr plants can imprve creativity, fcus and memry. There is als research shwing that pt plants can clean the air arund them by remving harmful gases, such as carbn dixide. They als remve sme harmful chemicals frm paints r cking. ____39____.
Which plants can yu grw?
Ale vera, peace lilies and spider plants are sme f the species that are easy t grw indrs. Yu can buy plants frm supermarkets, garden centres r nline. Yunger plants are ften cheaper than fully grwn nes, and yu get t care fr them as they mature — which is part f the jy f wning plants. “____40____,” Spelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and fcus int peple’s lives and help t make the link between hme and nature.”
A. All plants are different
B Nt nly d they lk beautiful
C. There are many benefits t grwing plants indrs
D. Instead, they grw better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s ivy are amng the best
F. Changing the pt f yur plant frm time t time will als help
G. Learning abut the requirements f each plant can be very rewarding
【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C 39. E 40. G
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了什么是室內(nèi)植物、室內(nèi)植物帶來(lái)的好處及你能種植哪些室內(nèi)植物。
【36題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“but studies have shwn that they can prmte peple’s wellbeing by imprving their md (心情), reducing stress and helping their memry.(而且研究表明，它們可以通過(guò)改善情緒、減輕壓力和幫助增強(qiáng)記憶力來(lái)促進(jìn)人們的健康)”可知，此處與下文是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，構(gòu)成nt nly…but“不僅……而且……”結(jié)構(gòu)。由此可知，B. Nt nly d they lk beautiful(它們不僅看起來(lái)很漂亮)能夠銜接下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。
【37題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Many f these species (物種) are nt ideally suited t grwing utside in the UK, especially in the winter.(這些品種中的許多都不適合在英國(guó)戶外生長(zhǎng)，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不適合在戶外寒冷的環(huán)境中生長(zhǎng)，即適合在溫暖的地方生長(zhǎng)。由此可知，D. Instead, they grw better inside, where it is warmer(相反，它們?cè)跍嘏氖覂?nèi)生長(zhǎng)得更好)能夠承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。
【38題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“I find during the winter mnths, plants arund the huse can really lift yur md.(我發(fā)現(xiàn)在冬天的幾個(gè)月里，房子周圍的植物真的能提升你的情緒)”可知，室內(nèi)植物對(duì)人有好處。由此可知，C. There are many benefits t grwing plants indrs(在室內(nèi)種植植物有很多好處)能夠銜接下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。
【39題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“There is als research shwing that pt plants can clean the air arund them by remving harmful gases, such as carbn dixide. They als remve sme harmful chemicals frm paints r cking.(也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通過(guò)去除二氧化碳等有害氣體來(lái)凈化周圍的空氣。它們還能去除油漆或烹飪中的一些有害化學(xué)物質(zhì))”可知，盆栽植物能夠清除有害物質(zhì)。由此可知，E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tngue are amng the best(像和平百合和魔芋之類的植物是最好的)能夠承接上文，列舉了在這方面做的最好的植物，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。
【40題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Yunger plants are ften cheaper than fully grwn nes, and yu get t care fr them as they mature-which is part f the jy f wning plants.(年輕的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它們成熟時(shí)照顧它們——這是擁有植物的樂(lè)趣之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G. Learning abut the requirements f each plant can be very rewarding(了解每種植物的需求是非常有益的)能夠承接上文，同時(shí)引起下文，下文“It can bring a new interest and fcus int peple’s lives and help t make the link between hme and nature.”(它可以為人們的生活帶來(lái)新的興趣和焦點(diǎn)，并有助于建立家庭與自然之間的聯(lián)系。)”具體介紹了了解每種植物的需求的好處。故選G。
第三部分 語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)
第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
T becme the Olympic champin in the individual (個(gè)人) all-arund event, Gabby Duglas had t leave everything she ____41____ best. She had t ___42___ her bedrm in Virginia. She had t say ____43____ t her tw dgs and t the beach, where she lved t ____44____ waves n her bard. But it was ____45____ t take the leap (飛躍), hwever ____46____ it wuld be. Even at 14, Duglas knew that. S she ____47____ abut 1,200 miles away frm hme, t ____48____ with a cach frm China. She lived with a family she had never ____49____ and everything was new t her.
As it turned ut, Duglas did _____50_____ what she needed t d t becme Olympic champin when she _____51_____tw Russians. The Chinese cach _____52_____ Duglas int ne f the best gymnasts in the _____53_____, helping her skyrcket frm an _____54_____ member f the natinal team t the tp f the sprt. By _____55_____ the Olympic all-arund title, she became the first black wman t d s. She _____56_____ the cmpetitin frm beginning t end. She said she had felt _____57_____ all alng that she wuld win.
Nt s lng ag, Martha Karly the crdinatr (聯(lián)絡(luò)人) f the wmen’s natinal team, did nt think Duglas had what it _____58_____ t be an Olympian. As time went by, she thught _____59_____ that she culd make the Lndn Games — and win.
“I’m ging t inspire s many peple,” she said. “I’m ready t _____60_____.” And shine she did.
41. A. triedB. thughtC. judgedD. knew
42. A. take upB. pack upC. clean upD. d up
43. A. gdbyeB. hellC. thanksD. n
44. A. causeB. bserveC. rideD. strike
45. A. cmmnB. timeC. funD. tugh
46. A. breathtakingB. heartbreakingC. eye-catchingD. head-spinning
47. A. drpped utB. mved nC. pulled verD. went ff
48. A. reasnB. talkC. cmpeteD. train
49. A. metB. helpedC. understdD. needed
50. A. apprximatelyB. graduallyC. exactlyD. pssibly
51. A. defeatedB. pleasedC. respectedD. assisted
52. A. frcedB. transfrmedC. persuadedD. put
53. A. wrldB. cityC. teamD. state
54. A. amateurB. electedC. averageD. enthusiastic
55. A. clarifyingB. defendingC. winningD. demanding
56. A. fllwedB. rganizedC. watchedD. led
57. A. cnfidentB. nervusC. excitedD. uneasy
58. A. viewedB. appearedC. matteredD. tk
59. A. nw and thenB. mre and mreC. far and wideD. n and n
60. A. shineB. flyC. danceD. scre
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. B 46. B 47. D 48. D 49. A 50. C 51. A 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. C 56. D 57. A 58. D 59. B 60. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了美國(guó)體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員Gabby Duglas為了成為個(gè)人全能項(xiàng)目的奧運(yùn)冠軍，不得不遠(yuǎn)離家鄉(xiāng)，去離家1200英里的地方，和一個(gè)來(lái)自中國(guó)的教練一起訓(xùn)練。最終在教練的訓(xùn)練下，Duglas成為世界上最好的體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員之一，贏得奧運(yùn)會(huì)全能冠軍，成為了第一個(gè)獲此殊榮的黑人女性。
【41題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意： 為了成為個(gè)人全能項(xiàng)目的奧運(yùn)冠軍，Gabby Duglas不得不放棄她最熟悉的一切。A. tried嘗試；B. thught思考；C. judged判斷；D. knew知道、熟悉。由上文“T becme the Olympic champin in the individual (個(gè)人) all-arund event, Gabby Duglas had t leave everything”和下文“1,200 miles away frm hme”可知，為了成為個(gè)人全能項(xiàng)目的奧運(yùn)冠軍，Gabby Duglas放棄她最熟悉的一切，來(lái)到一個(gè)陌生的地方，故選D。
【42題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：她不得不整理好她在弗吉尼亞的臥室。A. take up從事；B. pack up整理、收拾行李；C. clean up清理；D. d up裝修。由上文“Gabby Duglas had t leave everything”和下文“her bedrm in Virginia”可知，整理好她的臥室，準(zhǔn)備離開(kāi)這里，故選B。
【43題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她不得不和她的兩只狗以及她喜歡在沖浪板上沖浪的海灘說(shuō)再見(jiàn)。A. gdbye再見(jiàn)；B. hell你好；C. thanks感謝；D. n沒(méi)有、否定的回答。由上“Gabby Duglas had t leave everything”可知，Gabby Duglas要離開(kāi)自己的家，所以與家里的狗說(shuō)再見(jiàn)，故選A。
【44題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她不得不和她的兩只狗以及她喜歡在沖浪板上沖浪的海灘說(shuō)再見(jiàn)。A. cause引起；B. bserve觀察；C. ride騎、漂?。籇. strike打擊。由下文“waves n her bard.”可知，此處表示沖浪，ride the waves意為“沖浪”，故選C。
【45題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，是時(shí)候邁出這一步了，無(wú)論這將是多么令人心碎。A. cmmn平民、普通；B. time時(shí)間；C. fun樂(lè)趣；D. tugh暴徒。由下文“t take the leap (飛躍)”可知，雖然離開(kāi)自己所熟悉的一切很難，但是是時(shí)候該邁出這一步了，故選B。
【46題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，是時(shí)候邁出這一步了，無(wú)論這將是多么令人心碎。A. breathtaking激動(dòng)人心的；B. heartbreaking令人心碎的、令人傷心的；C. eye-catching引人注目的；D. head-spinning頭暈的。上文提到的Gabby Duglas不得不放棄她最熟悉的一切可知，放棄自己所熟悉的一切是令人傷心，故選B。
【47題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：所以她離家1200英里，和一個(gè)來(lái)自中國(guó)的教練一起訓(xùn)練。A. drpped ut退出；B. mved n繼續(xù)；C. pulled ver靠邊停車；D. went ff離開(kāi)。由下文“abut 1,200 miles away frm hme,”可知，Gabby Duglas到了一個(gè)離家1200英里的地方，故選D。
【48題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：所以她離家1200英里，和一位來(lái)自中國(guó)的教練一起訓(xùn)練。A. reasn推理；B. talk談話；C. cmpete競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；D. train培訓(xùn)。由上文“T becme the Olympic champin in the individual (個(gè)人) all-arund event”和下文“with a cach frm China”可知，為了成為個(gè)人全能項(xiàng)目的奧運(yùn)冠軍，Gabby Duglas離開(kāi)家，由此可知，她來(lái)到這里是為了和一位來(lái)自中國(guó)的教練一起訓(xùn)練，故選D。
【49題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她和一個(gè)素未謀面的家庭住在一起，一切對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)都是全新的。A. met遇到、見(jiàn)過(guò)；B. helped幫助；C. understd理解；D. needed需要。由下文“everything was new t her.”可知，一切對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)都是全新的，所以此處指她和一個(gè)素未謀面的家庭住在一起，故選A。
【50題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意： 事實(shí)證明，Duglas擊敗了兩名俄羅斯選手，完全完成了她成為奧運(yùn)冠軍所需要做的一切。A. apprximately大約；B.gradually逐漸地；C. exactly準(zhǔn)確地、完全；D. pssibly可能地。由下文“the Olympic all-arund title, she became the first black wman t d s”可知，Gabby Duglas獲得了奧運(yùn)會(huì)全能冠軍，由此可知，Gabby Duglas完全完成了她成為奧運(yùn)冠軍所需要做的一切，故選C。
【51題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意： 事實(shí)證明，Duglas擊敗了兩名俄羅斯選手，完全完成了她成為奧運(yùn)冠軍所需要做的一切。A. defeated打?。籅. pleased使高興；C. respected尊敬；D. assisted幫助。由上文“what she needed t d t becme Olympic champin”和下文“the Olympic all-arund title, she became the first black wman t d s”可知，Duglas擊敗了兩名俄羅斯選手，成為了奧運(yùn)冠軍，故選A。
【52題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這位中國(guó)教練讓Duglas成為世界上最好的體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員之一，幫助她從國(guó)家隊(duì)的普通隊(duì)員一躍成為體操運(yùn)動(dòng)的頂尖選手。A. frced強(qiáng)迫；B. transfrmed轉(zhuǎn)換、改造；C. persuaded勸說(shuō)；D. put放。由下文“Duglas int ne f the best gymnasts”可知，這位中國(guó)教練讓Duglas變成世界上最好的體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員之一，固定搭配，意為“使……變成……”，故選B。
【53題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這位中國(guó)教練讓Duglas成為世界上最好的體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員之一，幫助她從國(guó)家隊(duì)的普通隊(duì)員一躍成為體操運(yùn)動(dòng)的頂尖選手。A. wrld世界；B. city城市；C. team團(tuán)隊(duì)；D. state國(guó)家。由下文“the Olympic all-arund title, she became the first black wman t d s”可知，Duglas贏得奧運(yùn)會(huì)全能冠軍，所以說(shuō)她是世界最好的體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員之一，故選A。
【54題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這位中國(guó)教練讓Duglas成為世界上最好的體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員之一，幫助她從國(guó)家隊(duì)的普通隊(duì)員一躍成為體操運(yùn)動(dòng)的頂尖選手。 A. amateur業(yè)余愛(ài)好的；B. elected當(dāng)選的；C. average平均的、普通的；D. enthusiastic熱情的。由下文“member f the natinal team t the tp f the sprt”可知，這位中國(guó)教練幫助Duglas從國(guó)家隊(duì)的普通隊(duì)員一躍成為體操運(yùn)動(dòng)的頂尖選手。故選C。
【55題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：通過(guò)贏得奧運(yùn)會(huì)全能冠軍，她成為了第一個(gè)獲此殊榮的黑人女性。A. clarifying 澄清；B. defending打??；C. winning贏得；D. demanding要求。由下文“the Olympic all-arund title, she became the first black wman t d s.”可知，Duglas贏得奧運(yùn)會(huì)全能冠軍，故選C。
【56題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她自始至終領(lǐng)先于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手。A. fllwed跟隨；B. rganized組織；C. watched觀看；D. led帶領(lǐng)、領(lǐng)先。由下文“the cmpetitin frm beginning t end”可知，比賽過(guò)程中，Duglas一直領(lǐng)先于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手，故選D。
【57題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她說(shuō)她一直堅(jiān)信自己會(huì)贏。A. cnfident自信的、堅(jiān)信的；B. nervus緊張的；C. excited興奮的；D. uneasy不安的。由下文“all alng that she wuld win.”可知，Duglas一直堅(jiān)信自己會(huì)贏，故選A。
【58題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：就在不久前，女子國(guó)家隊(duì)聯(lián)絡(luò)人Martha Karly還認(rèn)為Duglas不具備成為奧運(yùn)選手所需要的條件。A. viewed看待；B. appeared出現(xiàn)；C. mattered重要；D. tk需要。由下文“t be an Olympian”可知，此處表示Martha Karly還認(rèn)為Duglas不具備成為奧運(yùn)選手所需要的條件，空處表示“需要”，故選D。
【59題詳解】
考查短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：隨著時(shí)間的推移，她越來(lái)越相信自己能夠在倫敦奧運(yùn)會(huì)上獲勝。A. nw and then時(shí)不時(shí)地；B. mre and mre越來(lái)越多；C. far and wide廣泛地；D. n and n不斷地。由上文“As time went by”和下文“that she culd make the Lndn Games — and win.”可知，隨著時(shí)間的推移，Duglas越來(lái)越相信自己能夠贏得倫敦奧運(yùn)會(huì)，故選B。
【60題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我準(zhǔn)備好發(fā)光了”。A. shine照耀、發(fā)光；B. fly飛行；C. dance跳舞；D. scre得分。由上文“I’m ging t inspire s many peple”和“And shine she did.”可知，Duglas認(rèn)為自己將會(huì)激勵(lì)很多人，即自己會(huì)發(fā)光，影響到很多人，故選A。
【點(diǎn)睛】
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the mdern. Frm Buddhist temples t museums, narrw hutng ____61____ ryal palaces, it is hme t mre than 3,000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut, with the city keeping its carefully ____62____ (build) system f ring rads.
But fr all its ancient buildings, Beijing is als a place ____63____ welcmes the fast-paced develpment f mdern life, with 21st-century architectural ____64____ (wnder) standing side by side with histrical buildings f the past.
It is a distinct visual cntrast (反差) that shuldn’t wrk, ____65____ smehw these tw very different wrlds make a gd cmbinatin. ____66____ (visit) several times ver the last 10 years, I ____67____ (amaze) by the c-existence f ld and new, and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage (遺產(chǎn)) while cnstantly grwing. As a phtgrapher, I have spent the last tw years ___68___ (recrd) everything I discvered.
The ____69____ (remark) develpment f this city, which is cnsciusly designed t prtect the past while stepping int the mdern wrld, ______70______ (mean) there is always smething new t discver here, and I culd be phtgraphing Beijing fr the next 50 years.
【答案】61. t 62. built
63. which##that
64. wnders
65. but 66. Having visited
67. was amazed
68. recrding
69. remarkable
70. means
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了北京這座城市的古老建筑和現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展之間的獨(dú)特結(jié)合，同時(shí)探討了城市如何在不斷發(fā)展的同時(shí)保護(hù)其豐富的遺產(chǎn)。作者作為一名攝影師，記錄了這座城市的變化，并表示將來(lái)還會(huì)繼續(xù)拍攝北京的風(fēng)貌。
【61題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：從佛教寺廟到博物館，從狹窄的胡同到皇家宮殿，它擁有3000多年的輝煌歷史，甚至從它的布局來(lái)看，這座城市一直保持著精心建造的環(huán)城道路系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)上文的“Frm Buddhist temples t museums”可知，空處和上文保持一致，表示“從……到……”，用介詞t。故填t。
【62題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：從佛教寺廟到博物館，狹窄的胡同和皇家宮殿，它是3000多年輝煌歷史的家園，即使是在它的布局上，這座城市也保持著精心建造的環(huán)城公路系統(tǒng)。這里為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞擔(dān)當(dāng)定語(yǔ)，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修飾詞“system f ring rads”之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞。故填built。
【63題詳解】
考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一個(gè)歡迎現(xiàn)代生活快節(jié)奏發(fā)展的地方，21世紀(jì)的建筑奇跡與過(guò)去的歷史建筑并存。這里為定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞，先行詞為“a place”，在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系代詞which或that引導(dǎo)。故填which/that。
【64題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一個(gè)歡迎現(xiàn)代生活快節(jié)奏發(fā)展的地方，21世紀(jì)的建筑奇跡與過(guò)去的歷史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知，空處為名詞形式；根據(jù)下文的“histrical buildings f the past”可知，空處為名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填wnders。
【65題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：但不知何故，這兩個(gè)截然不同的世界卻很好地結(jié)合在了一起?？涨啊癐t is a distinct visual cntrast (反差) that shuldn’t wrk,”和空后“smehw these tw very different wrlds make a gd cmbinatin.”之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用but。故填but。
【66題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在過(guò)去的10年里，我多次訪問(wèn)北京，我驚訝于這里的新舊共存，驚訝于一個(gè)城市如何在不斷發(fā)展的同時(shí)保持如此豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。這里為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞擔(dān)當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，和主句主語(yǔ)“I”之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“ver the last 10 years”可知，用完成時(shí)態(tài)，由此推斷，空處用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)態(tài)。置于句首，首字母大寫。故填Having visited。
【67題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：在過(guò)去的10年里，我多次訪問(wèn)北京，我驚訝于這里的新舊共存，驚訝于一個(gè)城市如何在不斷發(fā)展的同時(shí)保持如此豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。這里為本句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)下文“hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage (遺產(chǎn)) while cnstantly grwing.”可知，本句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；主語(yǔ)I和動(dòng)詞amaze之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填was amazed。
【68題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：作為一名攝影師，我花了兩年時(shí)間記錄我發(fā)現(xiàn)的一切。spend time (in) ding sth.花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事。這里為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，用動(dòng)名詞形式。故填recrding。
【69題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：這個(gè)城市的顯著發(fā)展，是有意識(shí)地在保護(hù)過(guò)去的同時(shí)步入現(xiàn)代世界，這意味著這里總是有新的東西可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，我可以在接下來(lái)的50年里一直拍攝北京。分析句子成分可知，空處為形容詞修飾名詞“develpment f this city”。故填remarkable。
【70題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這座城市的顯著發(fā)展，在有意識(shí)地保護(hù)過(guò)去的同時(shí)步入現(xiàn)代世界，意味著這里總是有新的東西等待發(fā)現(xiàn)，我可以在接下來(lái)的50年里一直拍攝北京。這里為本句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)上下文可知，本句時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語(yǔ)為“develpment”，單數(shù)，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填means。
【點(diǎn)睛】
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)
第一節(jié) 短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)
71. 假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào) (∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線 (\) 劃掉。
修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞：
2. 只允許修改10處，多者 (從第11處起)不計(jì)分。
Last Friday my mm decided t clr his hair. She studied with all the hair prducts at the drugstre. The clr she chse came in a bx which had a picture f a wman that hair clr lked just perfect. Mm was sure same clr wuld lk great n her. She put the new clr n her hair r sat still fr 30 minutes, just as the directins saying. Hwever, instead f the brwnish red hair she had hped fr, she final gt purple hair. She went right int the shwer t washing it, but it was n use. At least ne thing prved truth: the clr wuldn’t wash ut.
【答案】1. his → her
2. 刪除with
3. chse → chse
4. that → whse
5. same前加the
6. r → and
7. saying → said
8. final → finally
9. washing → wash
10. truth → true
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者的媽媽自己染發(fā)的故事。
【詳解】1.考查代詞。句意：上周五，我媽媽決定染頭發(fā)。此處指“我媽媽染她的頭發(fā)”，應(yīng)用代詞her。故his改為her。
2.考查動(dòng)詞。句意：她研究了藥店里所有的護(hù)發(fā)產(chǎn)品。study是及物動(dòng)詞，后面應(yīng)該直接接賓語(yǔ)，介詞with多余。故刪除with。
3.考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：她選的顏色裝在一個(gè)盒子里，盒子里有一張女人的照片，她的頭發(fā)顏色看起來(lái)非常完美。此處是定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由上文Last Friday可知，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故chse改為chse。
4.考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：她選的顏色裝在一個(gè)盒子里，盒子里有一張女人的照片，她的頭發(fā)顏色看起來(lái)非常完美。此處是限定性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是wman，關(guān)系詞在從句中作hair的定語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whse引導(dǎo)。故that改為whse。
5.考查冠詞。句意：媽媽確信同樣的顏色在她身上會(huì)很好看。same前常加定冠詞。故same前加the。
6.考查連詞。句意：她把頭發(fā)染成新的顏色，靜靜地坐了30分鐘，就像說(shuō)明書上說(shuō)的那樣。此處是并列順承關(guān)系，不存在選擇關(guān)系。故r改為and。
7.考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：她把頭發(fā)染成新的顏色，靜靜地坐了30分鐘，就像說(shuō)明書上說(shuō)的那樣。as引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句，由語(yǔ)境可知，句子陳述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故saying改為said。
8.考查副詞。句意：然而，她最終得到不是她所希望的棕紅色頭發(fā)，而是紫色的頭發(fā)。此處修飾動(dòng)詞gt，應(yīng)用副詞，作狀語(yǔ)。故final改為finally。
9.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：她直接走進(jìn)淋浴間去洗，但是沒(méi)有用。此處不定式表目的，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。故washing改為wash。
10.考查形容詞。句意：至少有一件事被證明是正確的：這種顏色洗不掉。prve為系動(dòng)詞，表示“證明是”，后接形容詞。故truth改為true。
【點(diǎn)睛】
第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)
72.
請(qǐng)以向?qū)W校英文報(bào)投稿的方式，用英語(yǔ)描述學(xué)習(xí)一項(xiàng)新技能的經(jīng)歷，及從中獲得的體驗(yàn)和感受。
注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；
2.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 When I was in my primary schl, I had an pprtunity t attend a musical cntest held in my schl. That was the first time I watched a live musical perfrmance. The fantastic players tuched me deeply.
I asked my parents allwing me t take up a pian lessn fr beginner. In the beginning, it was quite difficult t read the ntes n the stave. Hwever, it did nt demralize me. I spent mst f my leisure hurs t practice pian. Althugh my fingers were painful after few hurs practice, I felt satisfied if I culd play a music piece cmpletely.
Even thugh I will nt pursue as my life career, I will still cntinue learning and playing pian as my hbby. It is simply because music is the best medicatin fr my sul.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于記敘文，請(qǐng)以向?qū)W校英文報(bào)投稿的方式，用英語(yǔ)描述學(xué)習(xí)一項(xiàng)新技能的經(jīng)歷，及從中獲得的體驗(yàn)和感受。
【詳解】1. 詞匯積累
機(jī)會(huì)：pprtunity → chance
使沮喪：demralize → discurage
滿意的：satisfied → cntent
空閑的：leisure → spare
2. 句式拓展
合并簡(jiǎn)單句
原句：The fantastic players tuched me deeply. I asked my parents allwing me t take up a pian lessn fr beginner.
拓展句：The fantastic players tuched me deeply, s I asked my parents allwing me t take up a pian lessn fr beginner.
點(diǎn)睛
【高分句型1】When I was in my primary schl, I had an pprtunity t attend a musical cntest held in my schl. (運(yùn)用了when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)
【高分句型2】Althugh my fingers were painful after few hurs practice, I felt satisfied if I culd play a music piece cmpletely. (運(yùn)用了althugh引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句和if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句)
Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c.1322) highlights the suspicin that wmen practicing medicine faced. Brn t a Jewish family in Flrence, she mved t Paris where she wrked as a physician and perfrmed surgery. In 1322 she was tried fr practicing unlawfully. In spite f the curt hearing testimnials (證明) f her ability as a dctr, she was banned frm medicine.
James Barry (c.1789 — 1865) was brn Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University t study medicine. She qualified as a surgen in 1813, then jined the British Army, serving verseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical prfessin living and wrking as a man.
Tan Yunxian (1461 — 1554) was a Chinese physician wh learned her skills frm her grandparents. Chinese wmen at the time culd nt serve apprenticeships (學(xué)徒期) with dctrs. Hwever, Tan passed the fficial exam. Tan treated wmen frm all walks f life. In 1511, Tan wrte a bk, Sayings f a Female Dctr, describing her life as a physician.
Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831 — 1895) wrked as a nurse fr eight years befre studying in medical cllege in Bstn in 1860. Fur years later, she was the first African American wman t receive a medical degree. She mved t Virginia in 1865, where she prvided medical care t freed slaves.

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