2024. 7
注意事項(xiàng)：
1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的學(xué)校、班級(jí)、姓名、考生號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。
2. 回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。
第一部分 聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分20分）
第一節(jié) 聽(tīng)力理解（共6小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分12分）
材料及問(wèn)題播放兩遍。每段后有三個(gè)小題，各段播放前有5秒鐘的閱題時(shí)間。請(qǐng)根據(jù)各段播放內(nèi)容及其相關(guān)小題的問(wèn)題，在5秒鐘內(nèi)從題中所給的A、B、C項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
聽(tīng)第一段材料，回答第1～3題。材料和問(wèn)題讀兩遍。
1. Questin1: (錄音)
A. Ding Tai Chi. B. Practicing Ba Duan Jin. C. Taking a Chinese class.
2. Questin2: (錄音)
A. Play basketball. B. Register fr a class. C. Attend a table tennis match.
3. Questin3: (錄音)
A. Interested. B. Cnfident. C. Hesitant.
聽(tīng)第二段材料，回答第4～6題。材料和問(wèn)題讀兩遍。
4. Questin4: (錄音)
A. Chinese Art. B. Design. C. Philsphy.
5. Questin5: (錄音)
A. T inspire mre students.
B. T hld mre art exhibitins.
C. T mix mdern with traditinal.
6. Questin6: (錄音)
A. In Beijing. B. In Shanghai. C. In Chngqing.
第二節(jié) 回答問(wèn)題（共4小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分8分）
聽(tīng)下面一段材料，然后回答問(wèn)題。材料和問(wèn)題讀兩遍，讀完每個(gè)問(wèn)題后你將有10秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。
7. Questin7: (錄音)
Answer: _______________________________________
8. Questin8: (錄音)
Answer: _______________________________________
9. Questin9: (錄音)
Answer: _______________________________________
10. Questin10: (錄音)
Answer: _______________________________________
第二部分 閱讀（共三節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）
第一節(jié) 閱讀理解（共10小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分20分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
In the 40 years after Edmund Hilary and Tenzing Nrgay first reached the tp f Munt Everest (珠穆朗瑪) in 1953, an average f 12 peple a year fllwed in their ftsteps. In 2023, mre than 1,200 peple attempted the climb.
High-tech equipment and better understanding f the physical impact f high altitudes (海拔) have brught new hpefuls t Everest. But Will Cckrell, in his new bk Everest. Inc, argues that the primary reasn is the establishment f a prfessinal guiding industry.
The guiding industry exists mainly because f Dick Bass. Bass, wh made a frtune in il, bught his way nt three different Everest expeditins (探險(xiǎn)) and, in 1985, aged 55, he became bth the ldest and least experienced climber t reach the tp. The sight f an rdinary persn n tp f the wrld generated the establishment f cmpanies t meet the new demand fr turs.
The early years f guided expeditins in the 1990s were successful. In 1992-95, arund 150 peple paid t be led up the muntain, and a third succeeded. During a 1995 expeditin, a strm struck. The guides, eager fr their clients t reach the tp, delayed turning them arund. Three guides and tw climbers died. One f the climbers, Jn Krakauer, criticized the judgment f the guides and the selfishness f inexperienced climbers in his bk Int Thin Air. Many businesses assumed that the bk wuld destry them. Hwever, interest in Everest skyrcketed.
In 2014, 16 guides were buried by falling ice while transprting clients’ equipment. Then, in 2015, an avalanche (雪崩) killed ten guides and nine clients. As a result, many Western cmpanies lst their enthusiasm fr Everest.
Everest. Inc ends n a cnfusing nte. Mre peple are reaching the tp, but mre are dying n the way, t: 18 peple died in 2023, the highest-ever number. “Experts knw mre than ever abut hw t guide clients t climb safely. But that des nt make it a safe place,” said Cckrell.
1. What cntributes t the rising ppularity f Everest climbing accrding t Cckrell?
A. The appearance f grup turism.
B. The understanding f the muntain.
C. The study n human physical abilities.
D. The develpment f the guiding industry.
2. What d we knw abut Dick Bass’s success in reaching the tp f Everest?
A. It enabled him t make a frtune.
B. It bsted demand fr guided turs.
C. It prved the limits f the human bdy.
D. It marked the start f nature expeditins.
3. What is paragraph 4 mainly abut cncerning guided expeditins?
A. The initial success.B. The public criticism.
C. The climbing accidents.D. The physical challenges.
4. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Everest Inc: A Guide t Everest Expeditin
B. Reaching the Tp: Opprtunities and Challenges
C. Ups and Dwns: The Stry f Expeditin Pineers
D. Climbing Everest: Increasing Ppularity and Deaths
B
Feeling burned ut and lking fr reasns t wrk less? A new study shws that wrking nights and vlatile (不穩(wěn)定的) schedules in yung adulthd can leave yu t suffer frm depressin and pr health in middle age.
The research examined the wrk schedules and sleep patterns f mre than 7,000 Americans ver three decades, frm the ages f 22 thrugh 50. T the surprise f the study’s authr, New Yrk University prfessr Wen-Jui Han, nly ne-quarter f the participants wrked traditinal daytime hurs. The remainder wrked variable hurs. Thse with vlatile wrk schedules reprted a greater likelihd f pr health and depressin at age 50 than thse with mre stable schedules.
“Our wrk nw is making us sick and pr,” Han said in an interview. “Wrk is suppsed t allw us t acquire resurces. But, fr a lt f peple, their wrk desn’t allw them t d s. They actually becme mre and mre miserable (悲慘的) ver time.”
Dr. Alysn Myers, a prfessr at the Albert Einstein Cllege f Medicine, appreciated the new study’s fcus n the cnnectin between wrk schedules, sleep and pr health. The study findings cnfirmed what she sees in many f her diabetes (糖尿病) patients, wh ften get n mre than five hurs f sleep after they wrk night shifts.
Many f the participants in Han’s study wh had vlatile wrk schedules tended t have part-time jbs, in sme cases multiple part-time jbs. “Unfrtunately,” Myers said, “the trend fr a lt f these peple is that they have t wrk mre than ne jb t survive.”
Han wuld like her research t prmte cnversatins abut ways f prviding resurces t help peple live a happy and healthy life when they’re dg-tired bth physically and emtinally because f their wrk.
5. What des Han’s study mainly tell us?
A. The significance f a healthy lifestyle.
B. The rising trend f wrking variable hurs.
C The lng-term effects f unstable wrk schedules.
D. Sme practical appraches t dealing with depressin.
6. What is Myers’s attitude t peple with vlatile wrk schedules?
A. Understanding.B. Uncncerned.C. Dubtful.D. Critical.
7. What is Han’s expectatin f her research?
A. T prvide resurces fr the pr.
B. T help imprve peple’s well-being.
C. T raise awareness f healthy lifestyles.
D. T initiate dialgues between emplyees.
C
Animal-like rbts are ppular. And yet, says Barbara Mazzlai, an Italian rbticist, the field f rbtics is far less interested in explring the ther majr categry f living things — plants. She puts the unwillingness dwn t a miscnceptin (誤解) abut the usefulness f plant behavir: that they are capable f neither mtin nr perceptin (感知). “It’s nt true at all,” she says.
Dr. Mazzlai and her team recently created FilBt, a rbt based n climbing plants. Like the real thing. FilBt is capable f grwing, attaching t and wrapping itself arund supprts, and adapting itself t an envirnment in respnse t external stimuli.
FilBt imitates the behavirs f a climbing tree using sensrs in its head which is als equipped with a layer f plastic and a heating element. By sftening and extruding (擠壓出) the plastic in a circular patter, it can 3D-print its wn bdy at a rate f tw t seven millimeters per minute. Depending n brightness and directin, it changes the heat that the plastic is expsed t — lwer temperatures result in a lighter bdy that increases in size mre quickly, while higher temperatures make it thicker and strnger and grw mre slwly.
The researchers fund that these simple functinalities were enugh t let FilBt mve thrugh a cmplex and unseen envirnment, crss gaps and find things t attach t. The lack f heavy n-bard cmputing hardware, they say, means that it mves easily and requires minimal mnitring, while its slw pace means that it desn’t disturb things arund it. They suppse that this makes it suitable fr ptential applicatins including envirnmental mnitring in hard-t-reach lcatins, r mnitring disaster sites where existing facilities is unstable.
Dr. Mazzlai hpes that such prjects will mtivate ther rbticists t draw inspiratin frm plants. The plant kingdm is a wrld, she says, with a cmpletely different apprach t the animal ne. “And we can develp new technlgies and artificial slutins, because it is s different.”
8. What leads t limited explratin f plant-like rbts?
A. The slw grwth rate f plants.
B. The lack f plant research capability.
C. The misunderstanding f plant behavir.
D. The difficulty f applying plant-like rbts.
9. Hw des FilBt grw?
A. By pressing a mtin sensr.B. By expsing itself t sunlight.
C. By pushing ut sftened plastic.D. By cntrlling utside temperature.
10. What is the purpse f this text?
A. T pint ut the value f rbtics.B. T present a newly invented rbt.
C. T call fr mre research int rbts.D. T crrect a miscnceptin abut plants.
第二節(jié) 語(yǔ)句排序（共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）
11. 將下列語(yǔ)句（A、B、C、D和E）按題號(hào)排序，構(gòu)成一個(gè)符合邏輯的完整語(yǔ)篇。
A. These sngs reflected themes frm the peple’s daily lives, such as hunting animals r planting crps.
B. As these stries were ften quite lng, they ften had rhyme and rhythm (韻律) t help peple remember them mre easily.
C. Since nthing was written dwn, ver the years different versins f these sngs develped, and each area wuld have its wn respective rhythm. In additin t this, peple wuld recite stries f past heres.
D. Petry prbably had its rigins in traditinal flk music tens f thusands f years ag. In that era, there were n TVs r films, and writing had nt been invented, s peple wuld sit arund the fire at night and sing sngs t entertain themselves.
E. In the beginning, such sngs and stries had a very simple frmat, and ver time they became mre cmplicated and plished. These were n lnger the wrks f amateurs sitting arund a fire but wrks f pets wh cared abut their art and wh smetimes made a living frm it.
________→________→________→________→________
第三節(jié) 選句填空（共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Wrking Out What Yu Want t D
The career yu have defines yur life, and taking time t think abut it is an essential exercise fr yung peple. The best time t start thinking abut pssible careers is while yu are still at schl. ____12____ Sme peple knw what they want t d frm a yung age, but many thers just have a few ideas buncing arund in their heads.
One f the mst effective ways t gain insight int a pssible career path is t cmplete a “career test”. The results f the test will tell yu abut yur strengths and interests, and sme tests als suggest careers that yu may be suited t. ____13____
There are different kinds f career tests. ____14____ Others fcus mre n asking yu t rate different kinds f wrk situatins, like wrking as a librarian r a lawyer.
____15____ Their answers are analyzed and divided up between six different types f wrk persnalities. The participant is then given a chart shwing their scre fr each type. The tp three scres are used t make a cde that indicates the participant’s verall wrk persnality. This cde is then used t generate a list f career suggestins.
In cnclusin, career tests are clearly a very useful tl. ____16____ The secret t a gd career is finding smething that yu are passinate abut. S try a few tests nline and start thinking abut yur future career right nw!
A. This, hwever, is nt always easy.
B. Yu shuld make gd use f yur schl time.
C. Sme ask questins abut yur persnal interests and attitudes.
D. Yur advantages and hbbies will help yu find a rewarding jb.
E. Hwever, it is imprtant t remember that they are nly meant fr guidance.
F. Having this infrmatin will increase yur chances f finding a jb yu like.
G One ppular test asks the participants t grade their preferences fr different wrk tasks.
第三部分 綜合應(yīng)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）
第一節(jié) 完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
I started stuttering (結(jié)巴) at 10 when my father died. I lst cnfidence when speaking, especially in unfamiliar situatins. Science seemed a(n) ____17____ fr me as I assumed that research is dne alne and requires little interactin with thers. ____18____, I sn learned it’s hardly a jb fr smene afraid t talk.
Thrughut the curse f my dctral studies, I practiced every talk I had t ____19____ ver and ver until I was sure I wuld nt have t think abut the cntents when presenting. During grup meetings, where my familiar wrkmates already knew abut my ____20____, I learned t speak up. But in a ____21____ audience, such as a departmental seminar (研討會(huì)), I kept quiet. If I had questin during a talk, I wuld wait t ask the speaker ____22____ r just keep it t myself.
This all ____23____ when I mved t a new institutin and was asked t start a seminar series. And suddenly I was inviting ptential speakers and planning their ____24____. I sn realized I culd nt just sit back and ____25____ as befre, but I was wrried that my stutter might trip me up in frnt f my fellw wrkers. Anyway, I managed t push that _____26_____ aside and accept the respnsibility.
The first few talks were quite _____27_____. As I gt mre practice week after week, I discvered the _____28_____ went far beynd being a gd hst.
I still _____29_____ smetimes, and I carefully chse my wrds t _____30_____ my stutter. But I knw that facing my _____31_____ has helped me becme a better researcher.
17. A. daydreamB. mysteryC. shelterD. adventure
18. A. TherefreB. MreverC. FrtunatelyD. Hwever
19. A. deliverB. writeC. rganizeD. hst
20. A. failureB. careerC. habitD. prblem
21. A. largerB. clevererC. less attentiveD. mre enthusiastic
22. A. cnstantlyB. privatelyC. eagerlyD. plitely
23. A. happenedB. changedC. wrkedD. failed
24. A. visitsB. rutesC. researchD. deadline
25. A. laughB. imagineC. listenD. relax
26. A. speechB. relatinshipC. seminarD. cncern
27. A. bringB. smthC. inspiringD. stressful
28. A. benefitsB. respnsesC. requirementsD. expectatins
29. A. shw ffB. lse heartC. hesitateD. wnder
30. A. cureB. hideC. describeD. understand
31. A. wrdsB. fearsC. jbD. chice
第二節(jié) 語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Xu Yuanchng a prfessr at Peking University, was famus fr his cuntless translatin wrks f ancient Chinese petry. He made great cntributins t intrducing freign literature t China ____32____ ancient Chinese petry t the wrld.
____33____ (knw) as “the nly master in China ____34____ can translate classical Chinese petry,” Xu translated ver 120 publicatins in Chinese, English, and French. He intrduced t the wrld cuntless ancient ____35____ (pem) f the Tang Dynasty and Sng Dynasty. He wn the Aurra Brealis Prize fr Outstanding Translatin f Literature in 2014 at the age f 93, ____36____ (make) him the first persn in Asia t win the prize.
Xu tried his hand at translatin in cllege, when he ____37____ (qute) “f the peple, by the peple, fr the peple” frm Abraham Lincln ____38____ (explain) Sun Yat-sen’s Three Principles f the Peple t freigners. Xu ____39____ (recgnize) as ne f the “five talents” at the Natinal Suthwest Assciated University (1937-45) — a schl whse histry and graduates have played a ____40____ (center) rle in mdern China. At an age f 100, Xu still stayed in a small rm t d Shakespeare translatins almst every day. It was mre like _____41_____ pleasure instead f wrk t describe translatin fr him.
第四部分 詞匯基礎(chǔ)（共20分）
第一節(jié) 詞義匹配（共10小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分10分）
根據(jù)句子內(nèi)容，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出與句中劃線(xiàn)部分意義最接近的選項(xiàng)。
42. Sme teachers are ppsed t the new technlgy int the classrm.
A. are againstB. penly criticizeC. have gt used tD. lk frward t
43. The student stretched her study hurs in rder t fully prepare fr the exam.
A. frgt abut the timeB. made the best f time
C. ran ut f study timeD. spent lnger time studying
44. Thugh they are different in ne way r anther, peple have n difficulty in understanding each ther.
A. frm time t timeB. all the timeC. in a certain wayD. in every aspect
45. I am fed up with getting sick all the time.
A. can’t bear getting sickB. have gt used t being ill
C. feel lucky t have gd healthD. have the urgency t see a dctr
46. The abuse f scial media fr spreading misleading news has becme a pressing issue.
A. The easy accessB. The wrng use
C. The rising ppularityD. The rapid develpment
47. Being apart frm my family fr s lng. I realized that I’d been taking them fr granted.
A. I was clse t themB. I needed them badly
C. I didn’t appreciate themD. I wished t meet them sn
48. Peple can’t imagine hw Yi Jiefang wrked thrugh her sadness after her sn’s death.
A. hid her sad feelingsB. expressed her sadness
C. was filled with sadnessD. dealt with her sad feelings
49. She had a tendency t break things when n ne understd her.
A. wished t break everythingB. was likely t break things
C. carefully chse things t breakD. felt a bit better after breaking things
50. He put his free hand n my shulder and said, “Sn, yu’ve gt real ptential.”
A. yu are fully devtedB. yu are ding a great jb
C. yu will be successfulD. yu shuld keep yur prmise
51. Smetimes bk authrs are very invlved in the prcess f film adaptatin.
A take cntrl fB. pay great attentin t
C. shw much interest inD. take an active part in
第二節(jié) 單詞拼寫(xiě)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分10分）
根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示，用單詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空，并把完整單詞填寫(xiě)在答題卷相應(yīng)的位置上。
52. My English teacher made helpful c________ n my writing. (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))
53. The final result f the cmpetitin was a________ fficially. (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))
54. His prpsal cntained sme errrs, and he was asked t r________ it. (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))
55. They e________ that the ttal cst fr his treatment will reach 50,000 yuan. (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))
56. T learn abut babies, the experts ften study and ________ their behavirs. (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))
57. Thugh ten years ld, this bk is highly________ (推薦)．(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))
58. I’ve been a________ (忠實(shí)的) fan f the prgram fr ten years. (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))
59. The children are in ________ (迫切的) need f lve and attentin. (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))
60. Mary went dwnstairs and________ (閑逛) thrugh the great empty gardens. (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))
61. If yu need t reschedule yur ________ (預(yù)約), please give us at least 72 hurs’ ntice. (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))
第五部分 書(shū)面表達(dá)（共40分）
第一節(jié) 句子翻譯（共3小題；每小題5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）
將下列句子翻譯成合適的英文。
62. 人們往往認(rèn)為他們的智商決定他們?cè)谏钪斜憩F(xiàn)如何。（漢譯英）
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
63. 教育能讓我們深入了解我們需要什么樣的態(tài)度去理解不同文化背景的人。（漢譯英）
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
64. 在線(xiàn)交流時(shí)，你永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法百分百確定跟你聊天的人是否坦誠(chéng)地表明了身份。（漢譯英）
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
第二節(jié) 應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作（滿(mǎn)分25分）
65. 假定你是李華，你的英國(guó)朋友Jenny在校園歌手比賽中獲得第六名，她給你發(fā)來(lái)比賽視頻，詢(xún)求你對(duì)她表演的建議。請(qǐng)你回復(fù)郵件，祝賀Jenny并提出建議。
注意：
1. 詞數(shù)100左右；
2. 請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Dear Jenny,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes,
Li Hua
2023～2024學(xué)年下學(xué)期佛山市普通高中教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)
高二英語(yǔ)
2024. 7
注意事項(xiàng)：
1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的學(xué)校、班級(jí)、姓名、考生號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。
2. 回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。
第一部分 聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分20分）
第一節(jié) 聽(tīng)力理解（共6小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分12分）
材料及問(wèn)題播放兩遍。每段后有三個(gè)小題，各段播放前有5秒鐘的閱題時(shí)間。請(qǐng)根據(jù)各段播放內(nèi)容及其相關(guān)小題的問(wèn)題，在5秒鐘內(nèi)從題中所給的A、B、C項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
聽(tīng)第一段材料，回答第1～3題。材料和問(wèn)題讀兩遍。
1. Questin1: (錄音)
A. Ding Tai Chi. B. Practicing Ba Duan Jin. C. Taking a Chinese class.
2. Questin2: (錄音)
A. Play basketball. B. Register fr a class. C. Attend a table tennis match.
3. Questin3: (錄音)
A. Interested. B. Cnfident. C. Hesitant.
聽(tīng)第二段材料，回答第4～6題。材料和問(wèn)題讀兩遍。
4. Questin4: (錄音)
A. Chinese Art. B. Design. C. Philsphy.
5. Questin5: (錄音)
A. T inspire mre students.
B. T hld mre art exhibitins.
C. T mix mdern with traditinal.
6. Questin6: (錄音)
A. In Beijing. B. In Shanghai. C. In Chngqing.
第二節(jié) 回答問(wèn)題（共4小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分8分）
聽(tīng)下面一段材料，然后回答問(wèn)題。材料和問(wèn)題讀兩遍，讀完每個(gè)問(wèn)題后你將有10秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。
7. Questin7: (錄音)
Answer: _______________________________________
8. Questin8: (錄音)
Answer: _______________________________________
9. Questin9: (錄音)
Answer: _______________________________________
10. Questin10: (錄音)
Answer: _______________________________________
第二部分 閱讀（共三節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）
第一節(jié) 閱讀理解（共10小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分20分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
In the 40 years after Edmund Hilary and Tenzing Nrgay first reached the tp f Munt Everest (珠穆朗瑪) in 1953, an average f 12 peple a year fllwed in their ftsteps. In 2023, mre than 1,200 peple attempted the climb.
High-tech equipment and better understanding f the physical impact f high altitudes (海拔) have brught new hpefuls t Everest. But Will Cckrell, in his new bk Everest. Inc, argues that the primary reasn is the establishment f a prfessinal guiding industry.
The guiding industry exists mainly because f Dick Bass. Bass, wh made a frtune in il, bught his way nt three different Everest expeditins (探險(xiǎn)) and, in 1985, aged 55, he became bth the ldest and least experienced climber t reach the tp. The sight f an rdinary persn n tp f the wrld generated the establishment f cmpanies t meet the new demand fr turs.
The early years f guided expeditins in the 1990s were successful. In 1992-95, arund 150 peple paid t be led up the muntain, and a third succeeded. During a 1995 expeditin, a strm struck. The guides, eager fr their clients t reach the tp, delayed turning them arund. Three guides and tw climbers died. One f the climbers, Jn Krakauer, criticized the judgment f the guides and the selfishness f inexperienced climbers in his bk Int Thin Air. Many businesses assumed that the bk wuld destry them. Hwever, interest in Everest skyrcketed.
In 2014, 16 guides were buried by falling ice while transprting clients’ equipment. Then, in 2015, an avalanche (雪崩) killed ten guides and nine clients. As a result, many Western cmpanies lst their enthusiasm fr Everest.
Everest. Inc ends n a cnfusing nte. Mre peple are reaching the tp, but mre are dying n the way, t: 18 peple died in 2023, the highest-ever number. “Experts knw mre than ever abut hw t guide clients t climb safely. But that des nt make it a safe place,” said Cckrell.
1. What cntributes t the rising ppularity f Everest climbing accrding t Cckrell?
A. The appearance f grup turism.
B. The understanding f the muntain.
C. The study n human physical abilities.
D. The develpment f the guiding industry.
2. What d we knw abut Dick Bass’s success in reaching the tp f Everest?
A. It enabled him t make a frtune.
B. It bsted demand fr guided turs.
C. It prved the limits f the human bdy.
D. It marked the start f nature expeditins.
3. What is paragraph 4 mainly abut cncerning guided expeditins?
A. The initial success.B. The public criticism.
C. The climbing accidents.D. The physical challenges.
4 What is the best title fr the text?
A. Everest, Inc: A Guide t Everest Expeditin
B. Reaching the Tp: Opprtunities and Challenges
C. Ups and Dwns: The Stry f Expeditin Pineers
D. Climbing Everest: Increasing Ppularity and Deaths
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了隨著越來(lái)越多的人攀登珠穆朗瑪峰，也有越來(lái)越多的人死于途中。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“But Will Cckrell, in his new bk Everest. Inc, argues that the primary reasn is the establishment f a prfessinal guiding industry.(但是Will Cckrell在他的新書(shū)《珠穆朗瑪峰公司》中認(rèn)為其主要原因是專(zhuān)業(yè)向?qū)袠I(yè)的崛起。)”可知，Will Cckrell認(rèn)為攀登珠穆朗瑪峰熱度上升的原因是專(zhuān)業(yè)向?qū)袠I(yè)的興起。故選D。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“The sight f an rdinary persn n tp f the wrld generated the establishment f cmpanies t meet the new demand fr turs.(一個(gè)普通人登上世界之巔的景象催生了公司的成立，以滿(mǎn)足新的旅游需求。)”可知，Dick Bass成功登頂促進(jìn)了導(dǎo)游旅行的需求。故選B。
【3題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段首句“The early years f guided expeditins in the 1990s were successful.(20世紀(jì)90年代早期的向?qū)诫U(xiǎn)是成功的。)”以及下文內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講述了早期向?qū)诫U(xiǎn)的成功。故選A。
【4題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段中的“Mre peple are reaching the tp, but mre are dying n the way, t(越來(lái)越多的人登上頂峰，但也有更多的人在途中死亡)”可知，本文主要講述了攀登珠穆朗瑪峰熱度的興起以及攀登途中造成的死亡事件，所以D項(xiàng)“攀登珠穆朗瑪峰：人氣上升和死亡人數(shù)增加”最適合作本文標(biāo)題。故選D。
B
Feeling burned ut and lking fr reasns t wrk less? A new study shws that wrking nights and vlatile (不穩(wěn)定的) schedules in yung adulthd can leave yu t suffer frm depressin and pr health in middle age.
The research examined the wrk schedules and sleep patterns f mre than 7,000 Americans ver three decades, frm the ages f 22 thrugh 50. T the surprise f the study’s authr, New Yrk University prfessr Wen-Jui Han, nly ne-quarter f the participants wrked traditinal daytime hurs. The remainder wrked variable hurs. Thse with vlatile wrk schedules reprted a greater likelihd f pr health and depressin at age 50 than thse with mre stable schedules.
“Our wrk nw is making us sick and pr,” Han said in an interview. “Wrk is suppsed t allw us t acquire resurces. But, fr a lt f peple, their wrk desn’t allw them t d s. They actually becme mre and mre miserable (悲慘的) ver time.”
Dr. Alysn Myers, a prfessr at the Albert Einstein Cllege f Medicine, appreciated the new study’s fcus n the cnnectin between wrk schedules, sleep and pr health. The study findings cnfirmed what she sees in many f her diabetes (糖尿病) patients, wh ften get n mre than five hurs f sleep after they wrk night shifts.
Many f the participants in Han’s study wh had vlatile wrk schedules tended t have part-time jbs, in sme cases multiple part-time jbs. “Unfrtunately,” Myers said, “the trend fr a lt f these peple is that they have t wrk mre than ne jb t survive.”
Han wuld like her research t prmte cnversatins abut ways f prviding resurces t help peple live a happy and healthy life when they’re dg-tired bth physically and emtinally because f their wrk.
5. What des Han’s study mainly tell us?
A. The significance f a healthy lifestyle.
B. The rising trend f wrking variable hurs.
C. The lng-term effects f unstable wrk schedules.
D. Sme practical appraches t dealing with depressin.
6. What is Myers’s attitude t peple with vlatile wrk schedules?
A. Understanding.B. Uncncerned.C. Dubtful.D. Critical.
7. What is Han’s expectatin f her research?
A. T prvide resurces fr the pr.
B. T help imprve peple’s well-being.
C. T raise awareness f healthy lifestyles.
D. T initiate dialgues between emplyees.
【答案】5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究，表明在年輕的時(shí)候上夜班和不穩(wěn)定的時(shí)間表到中年時(shí)會(huì)患上抑郁癥且健康狀況不佳。
【5題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“A new study shws that wrking nights and vlatile (不穩(wěn)定的) schedules in yung adulthd can leave yu t suffer frm depressin and pr health in middle age. (一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，在年輕的時(shí)候上夜班和不穩(wěn)定的時(shí)間表會(huì)讓你在中年時(shí)患上抑郁癥且健康狀況不佳。)”第二段中“Thse with vlatile wrk schedules reprted a greater likelihd f pr health and depressin at age 50 than thse with mre stable schedules. (那些工作時(shí)間不穩(wěn)定的人在50歲時(shí)比那些工作時(shí)間穩(wěn)定的人更有可能出現(xiàn)健康狀況不佳和抑郁。)”可知，Han的研究主要告訴我們不穩(wěn)定的工作時(shí)間表的長(zhǎng)期影響。故選C項(xiàng)。
【6題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Dr. Alysn Myers, a prfessr at the Albert Einstein Cllege f Medicine, appreciated the new study’s fcus n the cnnectin between wrk schedules, sleep and pr health. The study findings cnfirmed what she sees in many f her diabetes (糖尿病) patients, wh ften get n mre than five hurs f sleep after they wrk night shifts. (Albert Einstein醫(yī)學(xué)院教授Alysn Myers博士對(duì)這項(xiàng)新研究對(duì)工作安排、睡眠和健康狀況不佳之間關(guān)系的關(guān)注表示贊賞。研究結(jié)果證實(shí)了她在許多糖尿病患者身上看到的情況，這些患者在上夜班后通常睡眠時(shí)間不超過(guò)五個(gè)小時(shí)。)”可知，Myers對(duì)那些工作時(shí)間不穩(wěn)定的人是同情體諒的。故選A項(xiàng)。
【7題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Han wuld like her research t prmte cnversatins abut ways f prviding resurces t help peple live a happy and healthy life when they’re dg-tired bth physically and emtinally because f their wrk.( Han希望她的研究能夠促進(jìn)有關(guān)提供資源的方式的討論，以幫助人們?cè)谝蚬ぷ鞫硇钠v時(shí)過(guò)上幸福健康的生活。)”可知，Han希望她的研究能提供幫助人們過(guò)上幸福健康的生活。故選B項(xiàng)。
C
Animal-like rbts are ppular. And yet, says Barbara Mazzlai, an Italian rbticist, the field f rbtics is far less interested in explring the ther majr categry f living things — plants. She puts the unwillingness dwn t a miscnceptin (誤解) abut the usefulness f plant behavir: that they are capable f neither mtin nr perceptin (感知). “It’s nt true at all,” she says.
Dr. Mazzlai and her team recently created FilBt, a rbt based n climbing plants. Like the real thing. FilBt is capable f grwing, attaching t and wrapping itself arund supprts, and adapting itself t an envirnment in respnse t external stimuli.
FilBt imitates the behavirs f a climbing tree using sensrs in its head which is als equipped with a layer f plastic and a heating element. By sftening and extruding (擠壓出) the plastic in a circular patter, it can 3D-print its wn bdy at a rate f tw t seven millimeters per minute. Depending n brightness and directin, it changes the heat that the plastic is expsed t — lwer temperatures result in a lighter bdy that increases in size mre quickly, while higher temperatures make it thicker and strnger and grw mre slwly.
The researchers fund that these simple functinalities were enugh t let FilBt mve thrugh a cmplex and unseen envirnment, crss gaps and find things t attach t. The lack f heavy n-bard cmputing hardware, they say, means that it mves easily and requires minimal mnitring, while its slw pace means that it desn’t disturb things arund it. They suppse that this makes it suitable fr ptential applicatins including envirnmental mnitring in hard-t-reach lcatins, r mnitring disaster sites where existing facilities is unstable.
Dr. Mazzlai hpes that such prjects will mtivate ther rbticists t draw inspiratin frm plants. The plant kingdm is a wrld, she says, with a cmpletely different apprach t the animal ne. “And we can develp new technlgies and artificial slutins, because it is s different.”
8. What leads t limited explratin f plant-like rbts?
A. The slw grwth rate f plants.
B. The lack f plant research capability.
C. The misunderstanding f plant behavir.
D. The difficulty f applying plant-like rbts.
9. Hw des FilBt grw?
A. By pressing a mtin sensr.B. By expsing itself t sunlight.
C. By pushing ut sftened plastic.D. By cntrlling utside temperature.
10. What is the purpse f this text?
A. T pint ut the value f rbtics.B. T present a newly invented rbt.
C. T call fr mre research int rbts.D. T crrect a miscnceptin abut plants.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要講述了人們對(duì)于植物的誤解，認(rèn)為植物不能移動(dòng)，不能感知外界，所以人們對(duì)于植物類(lèi)機(jī)器人開(kāi)發(fā)得很少。然而，意大利機(jī)器人學(xué)家芭芭拉·馬佐萊認(rèn)為植物可以感知外界，并以此為思路發(fā)明了機(jī)器人FilBt，它可以在復(fù)雜的環(huán)境中移動(dòng)，并監(jiān)測(cè)周?chē)h(huán)境，它的慢節(jié)奏移動(dòng)也意味著它不會(huì)打擾周?chē)氖挛铩?br>【8題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“And yet, says Barbara Mazzlai, an Italian rbticist, the field f rbtics is far less interested in explring the ther majr categry f living things — plants. She puts the unwillingness dwn t a miscnceptin (誤解) abut the usefulness f plant behavir: that they are capable f neither mtin nr perceptin (感知). (然而，意大利機(jī)器人專(zhuān)家芭芭拉·馬佐萊說(shuō)，機(jī)器人領(lǐng)域?qū)μ剿魃锏牧硪粋€(gè)主要類(lèi)別——植物——的興趣要小得多。她把這種不情愿歸結(jié)為對(duì)植物行為有用性的誤解：它們既不能運(yùn)動(dòng)也不能感知。)”可知，是因?yàn)閷?duì)植物行為的誤解導(dǎo)致了人們不愿意去開(kāi)發(fā)植物機(jī)器人。故選C。
【9題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“FilBt imitates the behavirs f a climbing tree using sensrs in its head which is als equipped with a layer f plastic and a heating element. By sftening and extruding (擠壓出) the plastic in a circular patter, it can 3D-print its wn bdy at a rate f tw t seven millimeters per minute. (FilBt通過(guò)頭部的傳感器模仿爬樹(shù)的行為，該傳感器還配備了一層塑料和加熱元件。通過(guò)將塑料軟化并擠壓成圓形，它可以以每分鐘2到7毫米的速度3D打印自己的身體。)”可知，F(xiàn)ilBt通過(guò)塑料軟化并擠壓成為圓形，促進(jìn)生長(zhǎng)。故選C。
【10題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Dr. Mazzlai and her team recently created FilBt, a rbt based n climbing plants. Like the real thing. FilBt is capable f grwing, attaching t and wrapping itself arund supprts, and adapting itself t an envirnment in respnse t external stimuli. (馬佐萊博士和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)最近創(chuàng)造了一種基于攀緣植物的機(jī)器人FilBt。就像真的一樣。FilBt能夠生長(zhǎng)，附著在支撐物上，并將自己包裹在支撐物周?chē)?，并根?jù)外部刺激使自己適應(yīng)環(huán)境。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹一項(xiàng)新發(fā)明的機(jī)器人。故選B。
第二節(jié) 語(yǔ)句排序（共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）
11. 將下列語(yǔ)句（A、B、C、D和E）按題號(hào)排序，構(gòu)成一個(gè)符合邏輯的完整語(yǔ)篇。
A. These sngs reflected themes frm the peple’s daily lives, such as hunting animals r planting crps.
B. As these stries were ften quite lng, they ften had rhyme and rhythm (韻律) t help peple remember them mre easily.
C. Since nthing was written dwn, ver the years different versins f these sngs develped, and each area wuld have its wn respective rhythm. In additin t this, peple wuld recite stries f past heres.
D. Petry prbably had its rigins in traditinal flk music tens f thusands f years ag. In that era there were n TVs r films, and writing had nt been invented, s peple wuld sit arund the fire at night and sing sngs t entertain themselves.
E. In the beginning, such sngs and stries had a very simple frmat, and ver time they became mre cmplicated and plished. These were n lnger the wrks f amateurs sitting arund a fire but wrks f pets wh cared abut their art and wh smetimes made a living frm it.
________→________→________→________→________
【答案】 ①. D ②. A ③. C ④. B ⑤. E
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章簡(jiǎn)述了詩(shī)歌的起源與演變：源于民間音樂(lè)，反映日常生活，因無(wú)書(shū)寫(xiě)記錄而版本多樣，并發(fā)展出獨(dú)特韻律。隨時(shí)間推移，詩(shī)歌從簡(jiǎn)單變得復(fù)雜，成為專(zhuān)業(yè)詩(shī)人的藝術(shù)作品。
【詳解】【答題空1】首段應(yīng)引入話(huà)題，D項(xiàng)提到了“Petry prbably had its rigins in traditinal flk music tens f thusands f years ag.”說(shuō)明了詩(shī)歌的起源，引入了詩(shī)歌這一主題。故選D項(xiàng)。
【答題空2】A項(xiàng)“These sngs reflected themes frm the peple’s daily lives, such as hunting animals r planting crps.”中的“these sngs”指上文D項(xiàng)“s peple wuld sit arund the fire at night and sing sngs t entertain themselves”中的sngs，指的是幾萬(wàn)年前人們圍坐火堆旁唱的歌，這些歌反映了與他們生活相關(guān)的一些主題。因此A項(xiàng)應(yīng)在D項(xiàng)之后。故選A項(xiàng)。
【答題空3】根據(jù)上文A項(xiàng)“These sngs reflected themes frm the peple’s daily lives, such as hunting animals r planting crps.”，接下來(lái)可講述這些歌曲的相關(guān)情況，C項(xiàng)所陳述的歌曲因無(wú)書(shū)面記錄而發(fā)展出各種版本，在不同時(shí)代有不同的旋律，而其中描述的英雄故事也為人們稱(chēng)頌，講述的便是A項(xiàng)所提歌曲的情況，符合此處語(yǔ)篇發(fā)展。故選C項(xiàng)。
【答題空4】聯(lián)系上文，B項(xiàng)提到“As these stries were ften quite lng, they ften had rhyme and rhythm (韻律) t help peple remember them mre easily.”中的“these stries”即指上文C項(xiàng)“peple wuld recite stries f past heres”中的stries，即人們傳頌的英雄故事常因太長(zhǎng)而被加上節(jié)奏和韻律以方便記憶。故選B項(xiàng)。
【答題空5】E項(xiàng)講述這種音樂(lè)形式的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展，即這些歌曲一開(kāi)始形式簡(jiǎn)單，后逐漸變得復(fù)雜和完善，也不再是業(yè)余者的愛(ài)好而是謀生的職業(yè)了。E項(xiàng)既承接上文對(duì)原始歌曲形式的描述，又引出下文對(duì)其進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的描述。故選E項(xiàng)。
第三節(jié) 選句填空（共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Wrking Out What Yu Want t D
The career yu have defines yur life, and taking time t think abut it is an essential exercise fr yung peple. The best time t start thinking abut pssible careers is while yu are still at schl. ____12____ Sme peple knw what they want t d frm a yung age, but many thers just have a few ideas buncing arund in their heads.
One f the mst effective ways t gain insight int a pssible career path is t cmplete a “career test”. The results f the test will tell yu abut yur strengths and interests, and sme tests als suggest careers that yu may be suited t. ____13____
There are different kinds f career tests. ____14____ Others fcus mre n asking yu t rate different kinds f wrk situatins, like wrking as a librarian r a lawyer.
____15____ Their answers are analyzed and divided up between six different types f wrk persnalities. The participant is then given a chart shwing their scre fr each type. The tp three scres are used t make a cde that indicates the participant’s verall wrk persnality. This cde is then used t generate a list f career suggestins.
In cnclusin, career tests are clearly a very useful tl. ____16____ The secret t a gd career is finding smething that yu are passinate abut. S try a few tests nline and start thinking abut yur future career right nw!
A. This, hwever, is nt always easy.
B. Yu shuld make gd use f yur schl time.
C. Sme ask questins abut yur persnal interests and attitudes.
D. Yur advantages and hbbies will help yu find a rewarding jb.
E. Hwever, it is imprtant t remember that they are nly meant fr guidance.
F. Having this infrmatin will increase yur chances f finding a jb yu like.
G. One ppular test asks the participants t grade their preferences fr different wrk tasks.
【答案】12. A 13. F 14. C 15. G 16. E
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章圍繞“思考并確定自己未來(lái)想要從事的職業(yè)”這一主題展開(kāi)，介紹了思考職業(yè)選擇的重要性、進(jìn)行職業(yè)測(cè)試的方法以及職業(yè)測(cè)試的種類(lèi)和作用等。
【12題詳解】
根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“The best time t start thinking abut pssible careers is while yu are still at schl.(思考未來(lái)可能從事的職業(yè)的最佳時(shí)間是在你還在上學(xué)的時(shí)候。)”可知，上文提到思考未來(lái)的職業(yè)的時(shí)間最好是在上學(xué)的時(shí)候。選項(xiàng)A“This, hwever, is nt always easy.(然而，這并不總是那么容易。)”承上啟下，說(shuō)明并不是所有人都能輕易地確定自己的職業(yè)方向，從而引出下文“Sme peple knw what they want t d frm a yung age, but many thers just have a few ideas buncing arund in their heads.(有些人從很小的時(shí)候就知道自己想做什么，但很多人只是有一些想法在腦海中徘徊。)”。故選A。
【13題詳解】
上文“The results f the test will tell yu abut yur strengths and interests, and sme tests als suggest careers that yu may be suited t.（測(cè)試的結(jié)果會(huì)告訴你你的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和興趣，有些測(cè)試還會(huì)建議你可能適合從事的職業(yè)。）”強(qiáng)調(diào)了職業(yè)測(cè)試能提供的有用信息。選項(xiàng)F“Having this infrmatin will increase yur chances f finding a jb yu like.(擁有這些信息會(huì)增加你找到自己喜歡的工作的機(jī)會(huì))”作為上文的結(jié)論句，強(qiáng)調(diào)了這些信息的重要性。故選F。
【14題詳解】
根據(jù)本段開(kāi)頭“There are different kinds f career tests.（有不同的職業(yè)測(cè)試類(lèi)型。）”可知，有很多不同的職業(yè)測(cè)試類(lèi)型。選項(xiàng)C“Sme ask questins abut yur persnal interests and attitudes.(有些測(cè)試會(huì)問(wèn)你的個(gè)人興趣和態(tài)度)”承接上文內(nèi)容，指出一些測(cè)試的特色，為下文介紹其他測(cè)試類(lèi)型做鋪墊。故選C。
【15題詳解】
根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“Their answers are analyzed and divided up between six different types f wrk persnalities.（他們的答案被分析并分成六種不同的工作性格類(lèi)型。）”可推測(cè)，空處指的是某個(gè)測(cè)試內(nèi)容。選項(xiàng)G“One ppular test asks the participants t grade their preferences fr different wrk tasks.(一個(gè)流行的測(cè)試要求參與者對(duì)不同工作任務(wù)的喜好進(jìn)行評(píng)分)”正是一個(gè)測(cè)試的內(nèi)容，與下文的測(cè)試答案形成一致。故選G。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“In cnclusin, career tests are clearly a very useful tl.(總之，職業(yè)測(cè)試顯然是一個(gè)非常有用的工具。)”可知，上文總結(jié)了職業(yè)測(cè)試作為一種有用工具的重要性。選項(xiàng)E“Hwever, it is imprtant t remember that they are nly meant fr guidance.(然而，重要的是要記住它們只是用來(lái)指導(dǎo)的。)”與上文內(nèi)容形成轉(zhuǎn)折，提醒讀者職業(yè)測(cè)試的結(jié)果并不是決定性的，而是作為參考和指導(dǎo)，幫助人們更好地了解自己的職業(yè)傾向和興趣。從而自然引出下文“The secret t a gd career is finding smething that yu are passinate abut.(找到一份好職業(yè)的秘訣是找到你熱愛(ài)的事情。)”。故選E.
第三部分 綜合應(yīng)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）
第一節(jié) 完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
I started stuttering (結(jié)巴) at 10 when my father died. I lst cnfidence when speaking, especially in unfamiliar situatins. Science seemed a(n) ____17____ fr me as I assumed that research is dne alne and requires little interactin with thers. ____18____, I sn learned it’s hardly a jb fr smene afraid t talk.
Thrughut the curse f my dctral studies, I practiced every talk I had t ____19____ ver and ver until I was sure I wuld nt have t think abut the cntents when presenting. During grup meetings, where my familiar wrkmates already knew abut my ____20____, I learned t speak up. But in a ____21____ audience, such as a departmental seminar (研討會(huì)), I kept quiet. If I had questin during a talk, I wuld wait t ask the speaker ____22____ r just keep it t myself.
This all ____23____ when I mved t a new institutin and was asked t start a seminar series. And suddenly I was inviting ptential speakers and planning their ____24____. I sn realized I culd nt just sit back and ____25____ as befre, but I was wrried that my stutter might trip me up in frnt f my fellw wrkers. Anyway, I managed t push that _____26_____ aside and accept the respnsibility.
The first few talks were quite _____27_____. As I gt mre practice week after week, I discvered the _____28_____ went far beynd being a gd hst.
I still _____29_____ smetimes, and I carefully chse my wrds t _____30_____ my stutter. But I knw that facing my _____31_____ has helped me becme a better researcher.
17. A. daydreamB. mysteryC. shelterD. adventure
18. A. TherefreB. MreverC. FrtunatelyD. Hwever
19. A. deliverB. writeC. rganizeD. hst
20. A. failureB. careerC. habitD. prblem
21. A. largerB. clevererC. less attentiveD. mre enthusiastic
22. A. cnstantlyB. privatelyC. eagerlyD. plitely
23. A. happenedB. changedC. wrkedD. failed
24. A. visitsB. rutesC. researchD. deadline
25. A. laughB. imagineC. listenD. relax
26. A. speechB. relatinshipC. seminarD. cncern
27. A. bringB. smthC. inspiringD. stressful
28. A. benefitsB. respnsesC. requirementsD. expectatins
29. A. shw ffB. lse heartC. hesitateD. wnder
30. A. cureB. hideC. describeD. understand
31. A. wrdsB. fearsC. jbD. chice
【答案】17. C 18. D 19. A 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者患有口吃，為了逃避交流，作者投向了科學(xué)，但后來(lái)作者意識(shí)到研究也需要說(shuō)話(huà)，經(jīng)過(guò)不斷的練習(xí)講話(huà)以及作者思想的轉(zhuǎn)變，作者逐漸克服了口吃的問(wèn)題，直面恐懼讓作者成了一名更好的研究者。
【17題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：科學(xué)似乎是我的避難所，因?yàn)槲艺J(rèn)為研究是獨(dú)自完成的，幾乎不需要與他人互動(dòng)。A. daydream白日夢(mèng)；B. mystery秘密；C. shelter避難處；D. adventure冒險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)“as I assumed that research is dne alne and requires little interactin with thers”可知，作者認(rèn)為科學(xué)研究是獨(dú)自完成的，很少需要與他人交流，因此科學(xué)對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)避難所，讓他可以避免與人交流。故選C。
【18題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我很快就明白了它對(duì)于害怕交談的人來(lái)說(shuō)并不是一項(xiàng)容易的工作。A. Therefre因此；B. Mrever而且；C. Frtunately幸運(yùn)地；D. Hwever然而。前文“Science seemed a(n) ____1____fr me as I assumed that research is dne alne and requires little interactin with thers.”和“I sn learned it’s hardly a jb fr smene afraid t talk”之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，作者意為科學(xué)是一個(gè)很少需要與人交流的地方，但作者發(fā)現(xiàn)這項(xiàng)工作對(duì)于害怕交流的人來(lái)說(shuō)并不容易。故選D。
【19題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在我攻讀博士的整個(gè)過(guò)程中，我一遍又一遍地練習(xí)我必須發(fā)表的每一篇演講，直到我確信在演講時(shí)不必考慮內(nèi)容。A. deliver發(fā)表；B. write寫(xiě)；C. rganize安排；D. hst主持。根據(jù)“Thrughut the curse f my dctral studies, I practiced every talk”可知，I had t ___3___是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞every talk，這里表示發(fā)表演講，應(yīng)用deliver。故選A。
【20題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在小組會(huì)議上，我熟悉的同事已經(jīng)知道了我的問(wèn)題，我學(xué)會(huì)了大聲說(shuō)話(huà)。A. failure失??；B. career事業(yè)；C. habit習(xí)慣；D. prblem問(wèn)題。根據(jù)“my familiar wrkmates”可知，熟悉作者的同事知道作者有口吃問(wèn)題。故選D。
【21題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但在更大的聽(tīng)眾中，比如在部門(mén)研討會(huì)上，我保持沉默。A. larger更大的；B. cleverer更聰明的；C. less attentive更不注意力集中的；D. mre enthusiastic更熱情的。根據(jù)“such as a departmental seminar (研討會(huì))”可知，這里與“grup meetings”相對(duì)，表示在更大的聽(tīng)眾之中。故選A。
【22題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我在演講中有問(wèn)題，我會(huì)等著私下問(wèn)演講者，或者自己回答。A. cnstantly始終，重復(fù)不斷地；B. privately私下地；C. eagerly熱切地；D. plitely禮貌地。根據(jù)上文中的“But in a ____5____audience, such as a departmental seminar (研討會(huì)), I kept quiet.”可知，當(dāng)有更大的聽(tīng)眾時(shí)，作者會(huì)保持沉默，如果有問(wèn)題，作者會(huì)等著私下問(wèn)演講者。故選B。
【23題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我搬到一個(gè)新的機(jī)構(gòu)，并被要求開(kāi)始一個(gè)系列的研討會(huì)時(shí)，一切都改變了。A. happened發(fā)生了；B. changed改變；C. wrked工作；D. failed失敗。根據(jù)下文中的“I sn realized I culd nt just sit back and ____9____as befre”可知，作者意識(shí)到自己不能像以前那樣坐著不管了，所以事情發(fā)生了改變。故選B。
【24題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：突然間，我要邀請(qǐng)潛在的演講者，并計(jì)劃他們的訪(fǎng)問(wèn)。A. visits訪(fǎng)問(wèn)；B. rutes路線(xiàn)；C. research研究；D. deadline截止日期。根據(jù)“inviting ptential speakers”可知，作者要邀請(qǐng)潛在的演講者前來(lái)演講，即安排他們來(lái)訪(fǎng)。故選A。
【25題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我很快意識(shí)到我不能像以前那樣坐著聽(tīng)，但我擔(dān)心我的口吃可能會(huì)讓我在同事面前出錯(cuò)。A. laugh笑；B. imagine想象；C. listen聽(tīng)；D. relax放松。根據(jù)上文中的“But in a ____5____audience, such as a departmental seminar (研討會(huì)), I kept quiet.”可知，作者以前會(huì)在研討會(huì)上保持沉默，即聽(tīng)別人講。故選C。
【26題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不管怎樣，我設(shè)法把這種擔(dān)憂(yōu)拋在一邊，接受了責(zé)任。A. speech演說(shuō)；B. relatinship關(guān)系；C. seminar研討會(huì)；D. cncern擔(dān)心。根據(jù)上文中的“I was wrried that my stutter might trip me up in frnt f my fellw wrkers”可知，對(duì)于這個(gè)任務(wù)，作者有一些擔(dān)心。故選D。
【27題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最初的幾次演講壓力很大。A. bring令人厭倦（或厭煩）的；B. smth平滑的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. stressful壓力大的。根據(jù)下文中的“As I gt mre practice week after week, I discvered the ____12____went far beynd being a gd hst.”可知，一開(kāi)始的幾次演講讓作者很有壓力，但隨著練習(xí)的增多，情況逐漸好轉(zhuǎn)。故選D。
【28題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著我一周又一周地進(jìn)行更多的練習(xí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這些好處遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不止是成為一名好主持人。A. benefits好處；B. respnses反應(yīng)；C. requirements要求；D. expectatins期望。根據(jù)空后的“went far beynd being a gd hst”可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)這些演講帶來(lái)的好處很多，不僅僅是幫助作者成為一名優(yōu)秀的主持人。故選A。
【29題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：有時(shí)我還是會(huì)猶豫，我會(huì)謹(jǐn)慎地選擇措辭來(lái)掩飾我的口吃。A. shw ff炫耀；B. lse heart喪失信心；C. hesitate猶豫；D. wnder想知道。根據(jù)“I carefully chse my wrds t ____14____my stutter”可知，作者依然有口吃問(wèn)題，但他會(huì)謹(jǐn)慎地選擇措辭來(lái)掩飾這個(gè)問(wèn)題，由此可知，作者在說(shuō)話(huà)口吃時(shí)會(huì)有猶豫的情況。故選C。
【30題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A. cure治愈；B. hide掩蓋；C. describe描述；D. understand理解。根據(jù)空前的“carefully chse my wrds”可知，作者謹(jǐn)慎地選擇一些措辭來(lái)掩飾自己的口吃問(wèn)題。故選B。
【31題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但我知道，面對(duì)恐懼幫助我成了一名更好的研究者。A. wrds話(huà)語(yǔ)；B. fears恐懼；C. jb工作；D. chice選擇。根據(jù)空前的“facing my”以及上文作者逃避交流并與口吃問(wèn)題抗?fàn)幙芍?，這里指面對(duì)恐懼。故選B。
第二節(jié) 語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Xu Yuanchng, a prfessr at Peking University, was famus fr his cuntless translatin wrks f ancient Chinese petry. He made great cntributins t intrducing freign literature t China ____32____ ancient Chinese petry t the wrld.
____33____ (knw) as “the nly master in China ____34____ can translate classical Chinese petry,” Xu translated ver 120 publicatins in Chinese, English, and French. He intrduced t the wrld cuntless ancient ____35____ (pem) f the Tang Dynasty and Sng Dynasty. He wn the Aurra Brealis Prize fr Outstanding Translatin f Literature in 2014 at the age f 93, ____36____ (make) him the first persn in Asia t win the prize.
Xu tried his hand at translatin in cllege, when he ____37____ (qute) “f the peple, by the peple, fr the peple” frm Abraham Lincln ____38____ (explain) Sun Yat-sen’s Three Principles f the Peple t freigners. Xu ____39____ (recgnize) as ne f the “five talents” at the Natinal Suthwest Assciated University (1937-45) — a schl whse histry and graduates have played a ____40____ (center) rle in mdern China. At an age f 100, Xu still stayed in a small rm t d Shakespeare translatins almst every day. It was mre like _____41_____ pleasure instead f wrk t describe translatin fr him.
【答案】32. and
33. Knwn 34. that##wh
35. pems 36. making
37. quted 38. t explain
39. was recgnized
40. central
41. a
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了因其無(wú)數(shù)的中國(guó)古詩(shī)翻譯作品而聞名的北京大學(xué)教授許淵沖。
【32題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：他為把外國(guó)文學(xué)介紹給中國(guó)，并把中國(guó)古代詩(shī)歌介紹給世界做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。前后文之間是并列關(guān)系，用連詞and連接，表示“把外國(guó)文學(xué)介紹給中國(guó)，并且把中國(guó)古代詩(shī)歌介紹給世界”。故填and。
【33題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：被譽(yù)為“中國(guó)唯一能翻譯中國(guó)古典詩(shī)詞的大師”，他翻譯了120多篇中、英、法出版物。此處為非謂語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞knw和主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用其過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。句首字母大寫(xiě)，故填Knwn。
【34題詳解】
考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：同上。此處引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為the nly master，指代人，用關(guān)系代詞that或wh引導(dǎo)，在從句中作主語(yǔ)。故填that/wh。
【35題詳解】
考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：他向世人介紹了無(wú)數(shù)唐宋古詩(shī)。根據(jù)前文cuntless可知，可數(shù)名詞pem應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，作賓語(yǔ)。故填pems。
【36題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：2014年，93歲高齡的他獲得了北極光杰出翻譯文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，成為亞洲第一位獲得該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的人。此處為非謂語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞make和邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用其現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表示結(jié)果。故填making。
【37題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：大學(xué)時(shí)，他曾嘗試過(guò)翻譯，在向外國(guó)人解釋孫中山的三民主義時(shí)，他引用林肯的“民有、民治、民享”。根據(jù)前后文可知，此處描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。故填quted。
【38題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：同上。qute sth t d sth“引用某事去做某事”，此處用不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填t explain。
【39題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：許被認(rèn)為是西南聯(lián)合大學(xué)(1937- 1945)的“五大人才”之一，這所學(xué)校的歷史和畢業(yè)生在現(xiàn)代中國(guó)發(fā)揮了核心作用。動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)句意可知，此處描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主謂一致，故填was recgnized。
【40題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：同上。修飾名詞rle應(yīng)用形容詞。故填central。
【41題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：給他描述翻譯更像是一種樂(lè)趣而不是工作。pleasure“快樂(lè)的事”是可數(shù)名詞，此處為泛指概念，用不定冠詞限定。且為輔音音素開(kāi)頭，用不定冠詞a，故填a。
第四部分 詞匯基礎(chǔ)（共20分）
第一節(jié) 詞義匹配（共10小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分10分）
根據(jù)句子內(nèi)容，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出與句中劃線(xiàn)部分意義最接近的選項(xiàng)。
42. Sme teachers are ppsed t the new technlgy int the classrm.
A. are againstB. penly criticizeC. have gt used tD. lk frward t
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語(yǔ)。句意：一些教師反對(duì)將新技術(shù)引入課堂。A. are against反對(duì)； B. penly criticize公開(kāi)批評(píng)； C. have gt used t習(xí)慣于； D. lk frward t期待。分析句子可知，be ppsed t表“反對(duì)”，為固定搭配，與A項(xiàng)意思相近。故選A項(xiàng)。
43. The student stretched her study hurs in rder t fully prepare fr the exam.
A. frgt abut the timeB. made the best f time
C. ran ut f study timeD. spent lnger time studying
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語(yǔ)意思。句意：為了充分準(zhǔn)備考試，這個(gè)學(xué)生延長(zhǎng)了學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間。A. frgt abut the time忘記時(shí)間；B. made the best f time充分利用時(shí)間； C. ran ut f study time用完學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間；D. spent lnger time studying花了更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)。分析句子可知，stretched her study hurs表示“延長(zhǎng)她的學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間”，與D項(xiàng)意思相近。故選D項(xiàng)。
44. Thugh they are different in ne way r anther, peple have n difficulty in understanding each ther.
A. frm time t timeB. all the timeC. in a certain wayD. in every aspect
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：盡管人們?cè)谀撤矫婊蚨喾矫嬗兴煌?，但他們理解彼此并無(wú)困難。A. frm time t time有時(shí)；B. all the time一直；C. in a certain way在某種意義上；D. in every aspect在每個(gè)方面。根據(jù)句中“thugh they are different in ne way r anther”提示，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人們雖然存在某些方面的差異，但并不妨礙相互理解，因此in a certain way“以某種方式，在某種程度上”符合上下文語(yǔ)境，表示這種差異是特定情況下的，并非全面的不可調(diào)和的差異。故選C。
45. I am fed up with getting sick all the time.
A. can’t bear getting sickB. have gt used t being ill
C. feel lucky t have gd healthD. have the urgency t see a dctr
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：我受夠了老是生病。A. can’t bear getting sick不能忍受生??；B. have gt used t being ill已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了生??；C. feel lucky t have gd health 為身體健康而感到幸運(yùn)；D. have the urgency t see a dctr有看醫(yī)生的急迫感。be fed up with ding sth.對(duì)做某事感到厭煩，受夠了做某事，與短語(yǔ)can’t bear ding含義一致。故選A。
46. The abuse f scial media fr spreading misleading news has becme a pressing issue.
A. The easy accessB. The wrng use
C. The rising ppularityD. The rapid develpment
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：濫用社交媒體傳播誤導(dǎo)性新聞已成為一個(gè)緊迫問(wèn)題。A. The easy access容易進(jìn)入；B. The wrng use錯(cuò)誤使用；C. The rising ppularity越來(lái)越受歡迎；D. The rapid develpment快速發(fā)展。根據(jù)后文fr spreading misleading news has becme a pressing issue可知，傳播誤導(dǎo)性新聞，劃線(xiàn)部分意為“錯(cuò)誤使用”。故選B。
47. Being apart frm my family fr s lng. I realized that I’d been taking them fr granted.
A. I was clse t themB. I needed them badly
C. I didn’t appreciate themD. I wished t meet them sn
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查句意理解。句意：和家人分開(kāi)這么久。我意識(shí)到我一直把他們視為理所當(dāng)然。A.I was clse t them我與他們很親近；B.I needed them badly我非常需要他們；C.I didn’t appreciate them我不感激他們； D.I wished t meet them sn我希望能盡快見(jiàn)到他們。由句意，離開(kāi)了家人很久后，才知道我一直把家人視為理所應(yīng)當(dāng)就在一起的，因此畫(huà)線(xiàn)部分表示“非常思念家人，想要見(jiàn)到他們”，故選D。
48. Peple can’t imagine hw Yi Jiefang wrked thrugh her sadness after her sn’s death.
A. hid her sad feelingsB. expressed her sadness
C. was filled with sadnessD. dealt with her sad feelings
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：人們無(wú)法想象易解放在兒子去世后是如何度過(guò)悲傷的。A. hid her sad feelings隱藏她的悲傷情感；B.expressed her sadness表達(dá)她的悲傷；C. was filled with sadness充滿(mǎn)了悲傷；D. dealt with her sad feelings處理她的悲傷情感。根據(jù)句意可知，wrked thrugh her sadness意為“度過(guò)她的悲傷”，和D選項(xiàng)同義，故選D。
49 She had a tendency t break things when n ne understd her.
A. wished t break everythingB. was likely t break things
C. carefully chse things t breakD. felt a bit better after breaking things
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：當(dāng)沒(méi)有人理解她的時(shí)候，她有摔東西的傾向。A. wished t break everything希望摔壞一切東西；B. was likely t break things很可能會(huì)摔壞東西；C. carefully chse things t break精心挑選東西摔壞；D. felt a bit better after breaking things摔壞東西后感覺(jué)好多了。根據(jù)后文when n ne understd her可知，沒(méi)人理解她，她可能要摔東西，有摔東西的傾向。likely表示“有……傾向”，故選B。
50. He put his free hand n my shulder and said, “Sn, yu’ve gt real ptential.”
A. yu are fully devtedB. yu are ding a great jb
C. yu will be successfulD. yu shuld keep yur prmise
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查句意猜測(cè)。句意：他把手放在我的肩膀上說(shuō)：“兒子，你真有潛力?！?A. yu are fully devted你全身心投入；B. yu are ding a great jb你做得很好；C. yu will be successful你會(huì)成功的；D. yu shuld keep yur prmise你應(yīng)該信守諾言。根據(jù)前文He put his free hand n my shulder可知，是在鼓勵(lì)兒子“你會(huì)成功的”。故選C。
51. Smetimes bk authrs are very invlved in the prcess f film adaptatin.
A. take cntrl fB. pay great attentin t
C. shw much interest inD. take an active part in
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：有時(shí)候，書(shū)籍的作者會(huì)深度參與其作品改編電影的過(guò)程。A. take cntrl f控制；B. pay great attentin t非常注意；C.shw much interest in對(duì)...非常感興趣；D. take an active part in 積極參與。由語(yǔ)意可知，書(shū)籍的作者參與到電影改編的過(guò)程中，這表明他們對(duì)這個(gè)過(guò)程有積極的興趣和參與度，因此，這里用“take an active part in”最為恰當(dāng)，其他選項(xiàng)的意思雖然各有側(cè)重，但都不如“take an active part in”準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)了作者積極參與電影改編這一行為。take cntrl f強(qiáng)調(diào)的是控制，而不是參與；pay great attentin t和shw much interest in都表示關(guān)注或興趣，但沒(méi)有直接表達(dá)出參與的動(dòng)作。故選D項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié) 單詞拼寫(xiě)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分10分）
根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示，用單詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空，并把完整單詞填寫(xiě)在答題卷相應(yīng)的位置上。
52. My English teacher made helpful c________ n my writing. (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))
【答案】cmments##mments
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：我的英語(yǔ)老師對(duì)我的寫(xiě)作作了有益的評(píng)論。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，老師對(duì)作文是作出評(píng)論；cmment，意為“評(píng)論”為可數(shù)名詞，老師對(duì)作文的評(píng)論不止一條，所以用復(fù)數(shù)。故填cmments。
53 The final result f the cmpetitin was a________ fficially. (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))
【答案】annunced##nnunced
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：比賽的最終結(jié)果正式公布了。分析句意可知，本句可用一般過(guò)去時(shí)陳述過(guò)去情況；再根據(jù)首字母提示可知，此處用動(dòng)詞annunce作謂語(yǔ)表示“宣布”，與主語(yǔ)result是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，由was可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填annunced。
54. His prpsal cntained sme errrs, and he was asked t r________ it. (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))
【答案】revise##evise
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：他的建議有一些錯(cuò)誤，有人要求他修改。根據(jù)首字母提示及句意，用動(dòng)詞revise，表示“修改”之意。be asked t d sth.被要求做某事。根據(jù)首字母提示及句意，故填revise。
55. They e________ that the ttal cst fr his treatment will reach 50,000 yuan. (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))
【答案】estimate##stimate
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：他們估計(jì)他的治療總費(fèi)用將達(dá)到5萬(wàn)元。根據(jù)句意和首字母提示，應(yīng)填estimate“估計(jì)”作謂語(yǔ)，由will可知，主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，故填estimate。
56. T learn abut babies, the experts ften study and ________ their behavirs. (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))
【答案】bserve##bserve
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：為了了解嬰兒，專(zhuān)家們經(jīng)常研究和觀察他們的行為。根據(jù)并列連詞 and前study可知，這里用并列的動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)。根據(jù)首字母提示及句意，用動(dòng)詞bserve，表示“觀察”之意。根據(jù)句中時(shí)態(tài)可知，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填bserve。
57. Thugh ten years ld, this bk is highly________ (推薦)．(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))
【答案】recmmended
【解析】
【詳解】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：盡管已經(jīng)出版十年，但這本書(shū)仍然備受推崇。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示及“is highly”可知，空處需填動(dòng)詞，recmmend作動(dòng)詞，表示“推薦”，主語(yǔ)“this bk”和“recmmend”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)be dne形式,空前已有be動(dòng)詞，故填recmmended。
58. I’ve been a________ (忠實(shí)的) fan f the prgram fr ten years. (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))
【答案】lyal##faithful##devted
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：十年來(lái)，我一直是這個(gè)節(jié)目的忠實(shí)粉絲。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示可知應(yīng)用形容詞lyal/faithful/devted，修飾名詞fan，作定語(yǔ)。故填lyal/faithful/devted。
59. The children are in ________ (迫切的) need f lve and attentin. (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))
【答案】urgent
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：孩子們迫切需要的愛(ài)和關(guān)注。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示“迫切”，結(jié)合句子結(jié)構(gòu)，此處用形容詞urgent作定語(yǔ)，修飾need。故填urgent。
60. Mary went dwnstairs and________ (閑逛) thrugh the great empty gardens. (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))
【答案】wandered
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：瑪麗下了樓在空曠的花園中閑逛?！伴e逛”為動(dòng)詞wander，and連接并列謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填wandered。
61. If yu need t reschedule yur ________ (預(yù)約), please give us at least 72 hurs’ ntice. (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))
【答案】appintment
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：如果您需要重新安排預(yù)約，請(qǐng)至少提前72小時(shí)通知我們。根據(jù)空前的yur和漢語(yǔ)提示，這里應(yīng)用名詞appintment，作reschedule的賓語(yǔ)。故填appintment。
第五部分 書(shū)面表達(dá)（共40分）
第一節(jié) 句子翻譯（共3小題；每小題5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）
將下列句子翻譯成合適的英文。
62. 人們往往認(rèn)為他們的智商決定他們?cè)谏钪斜憩F(xiàn)如何。（漢譯英）
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Peple tend t think that their IQ determines hw well they are ging t d in life.
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語(yǔ)、時(shí)態(tài)和名詞性從句?！叭藗儭狈g為peple，“往往做某事”用短語(yǔ)tend t d sth.，“認(rèn)為”用動(dòng)詞think，從句不缺少成分，且句意完整，應(yīng)用連接代詞that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句；“他們的智商”翻譯為their IQ，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，“決定”用動(dòng)詞determine，后接賓語(yǔ)從句；句子陳述習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作及目前事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；“他們?cè)谏钪斜憩F(xiàn)如何”翻譯為hw well they are ging t d in life，使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，表將來(lái)發(fā)生的事情。故翻譯為Peple tend t think that their IQ determines hw well they are ging t d in life.
63. 教育能讓我們深入了解我們需要什么樣的態(tài)度去理解不同文化背景的人。（漢譯英）
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Educatin can help us gain a deeper understanding f what attitudes we need t understand peple frm different cultural backgrunds.
【解析】
【詳解】考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)、賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句意可知，本句描述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示主語(yǔ)“教育”為名詞educatin；表示“能讓我們深入了解”為can help us gain a deeper understanding，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can+動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，help后接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，用不定式作賓補(bǔ)，可省略t；用介詞f+賓語(yǔ)從句作后置定語(yǔ)修飾名詞understanding，表示“我們需要什么樣的態(tài)度去理解不同文化背景的人”為f what attitudes we need t understand peple frm different cultural backgrunds，賓語(yǔ)從句中用陳述語(yǔ)序，what attitudes作動(dòng)詞need的賓語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式t understand作目的狀語(yǔ)。故可翻譯為Educatin can help us gain a deeper understanding f what attitudes we need t understand peple frm different cultural backgrunds.
64. 在線(xiàn)交流時(shí)，你永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法百分百確定跟你聊天的人是否坦誠(chéng)地表明了身份。（漢譯英）
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】With nline cmmunicatin yu can never be 100 percent sure that the peple (that/wh) yu are chatting t are being hnest abut wh they are.
【解析】
【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、賓語(yǔ)從句、時(shí)態(tài)、形容詞和名詞。表示“用”用介詞with。表示“在線(xiàn)”用形容詞nline，作前置定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞“交流”。表示“交流”用名詞cmmunicatin，作with的賓語(yǔ)。表示“你”用yu，作主語(yǔ)。表示“能夠”用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can 。表示“確定做某事”用be sure that...，位于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can后，用動(dòng)詞原形。表示“從不”用副詞never，作狀語(yǔ)，修飾be sure。表示“百分百”用100 percent。從句中：表示“人們”用介詞peple，此處為特指，peple前加the，the peple作從句主語(yǔ)；表示“坦誠(chéng)的”用形容詞hnest，從句表正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，故時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)為the peple，故be動(dòng)詞用are；故用are being hnest，形容詞hnest作表語(yǔ)；表示“關(guān)于”用介詞abut；abut后為賓語(yǔ)從句；賓語(yǔ)從句中：表示“誰(shuí)”用wh，作從句主語(yǔ)，且引導(dǎo)從句；表示“他們”用代詞they；表示“是”用be動(dòng)詞are。表示“跟你聊天的”用定語(yǔ)從句，定語(yǔ)從句中：表示“你”用有，作從句主語(yǔ)；表示“與某人聊天”用動(dòng)詞chat t sb.，表示“正在聊天”用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是yu，be動(dòng)詞用are，謂語(yǔ)用are chatting；先行詞是peple，指人，關(guān)系詞代替先行詞在從句中作are chatting的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞wh或that引導(dǎo)，也可以省略引導(dǎo)詞。故翻譯為With nline cmmunicatin yu can never be 100 percent sure that the peple (that/wh) yu are chatting t are being hnest abut wh they are.
第二節(jié) 應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作（滿(mǎn)分25分）
65. 假定你是李華，你的英國(guó)朋友Jenny在校園歌手比賽中獲得第六名，她給你發(fā)來(lái)比賽視頻，詢(xún)求你對(duì)她表演的建議。請(qǐng)你回復(fù)郵件，祝賀Jenny并提出建議。
注意：
1. 詞數(shù)100左右；
2. 請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Dear Jenny,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jenny,
Hw’s everything ging? Learning that yu have wn the sixth place in the Campus Singer Cmpetitin, I’m writing t extend my sincere cngratulatins t yu.
As yur friend, I am well aware that it is yur diligence, perseverance and effective methds that cntribute t yur success. I am deeply impressed with yur beautiful vice. There is n dubt that having a music gift enables yu t achieve the gal.
In the vide, I nticed a few places where yur vice was slightly strained, prbably because f the pressure f the race. Usually, yu can d mre breathing exercises and vice training t help yu be mre relaxed n stage, and yur vice will be mre stable and pleasant.
Wish yu greater prgress in the future!
Best wishes,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。英國(guó)朋友Jenny在校園歌手比賽中獲得第六名，她給你發(fā)來(lái)比賽視頻，詢(xún)求你對(duì)她表演的建議。要求考生回復(fù)郵件，祝賀她并提到建議。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
贏得：win→achieve
知道：be aware→knw
有助于：cntribute t→cnduce t
因?yàn)椋篵ecause f→due t
2.句式拓展
同義句轉(zhuǎn)化
原句：May yu greater prgress in the future!
拓展句：Wish yu make greater prgress in the future!
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】As yur friend, I am well aware that it is yur diligence, perseverance and effective methds that cntribute t yur success.（運(yùn)用了that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句型）
【高分句型2】In the vide, I nticed a few places where yur vice was slightly strained, prbably because f the pressure f the race.（運(yùn)用了where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句）
【高分句型3】Usually, yu can d mre breathing exercises and vice training t help yu be mre relaxed n stage, and yur vice will be mre stable and pleasant.（運(yùn)用了不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)）

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