同學(xué)們, 上一課學(xué)習(xí)的單詞、短語(yǔ)和句型你們都掌握了嗎? 現(xiàn)在大家來(lái)檢驗(yàn)一下, 點(diǎn)擊下面的音頻開(kāi)始聽(tīng)寫吧！
根據(jù)漢語(yǔ), 完成句子。1. 他就是去年贏得攝影比賽的男孩。 He is the _____ _____ _____ wn the pht cmpetitin last year!2. 在城市與人組中, 我們最喜歡的照片是趙敏拍的。The pht _____ _____ _____ _____ in the City and Peple grup _____ ______ by ZhaMin.3. 一組展示北京和英國(guó)劍橋的照片獲獎(jiǎng)了。A grup f pht _______ _____ Beijing and Cambridge in England _____ _____ the prize.
The by wh
which we liked best
was taken
which shw
has wn
He's the by wh wn the pht cmpetitin last year! The pht which we liked best in the City and Peple grup was taken by Zha Min. A grup f phts which shw Beijing and Cambridge in England has wn the prize.
1. Cmplete the pster fr the pht cmpetitin. Use that, which r wh. There may be mre than ne answer. Pht cmpetitinSend us yur phts and win a new camera! ·We need phts ___________ shw daily life at schl.·Yur phts shuld recrd interesting things ___________ happen at schl, inside the classrm r utside.
·The phts ______________ yu take shuld be active, beautiful and true.·The phts ______________ yu send shuld include sme wrds abut them.·The size f the phts ______________ yu take shuld be 9cm×13cm.·Students ___________enter the cmpetitin shuld be between 10 and 16 years ld.
·The last date ________ yu shuld send yur phts n is 30th Nvember.·The lucky persn ___________ wins the cmpetitin will receive a new camera. Get yur camera and start taking yur phts nw!
Learning t learn In many English--speaking cuntries, tw systems f measurement are used: imperial(inch, ft, yard, mile, pund) and metric (millimetre, centimetre, metre, kilmetre, kilgram) ．Yu als need t recgnise their shrt frms (in, ft, yd, ml, lb; mm, cm, m, km, kg) ．
2. Cmplete the sentences s that they are true fr yu.1．I like the writer wh ______________________________________________.2．I wuld like t visit a place that __________________.3．I g t a schl which ________________________.4．My favurite band is the ne that _____________________.5．I have never seen a dctr wh ___________________________.6．I want t take a pht which _________________________.7．Our teacher is the man wh _____________________.
is gd at writing the stries abut cmmn peple　
is very beautiful　
my brther is studying in 　
plays sft music 　
I am interested in
helps us t learn
lks after the patients s well
I like the pht dn't like the pht pht
3. Wrk in pairs. Talk abut the tw phts.
Then talk abut the peple in the phts. The girl wh... Nw ask questins abut the phts and write dwn yur answers. —Which —The ne...
4. Wrk in pairs. Lk arund the class and describe smene r smething t yur partner. Can yur partner guess wh r what yu are describing? She is a girl wh has glasses and lng hair.It is smething that yu use t paint pictures.
Jerry： Hi, hw are yu? I haven't seen yu fr a lng time... Ww, is that a new camera, (1) _______________?
5. Cmplete the cnversatin with the expressins in the bx.
Tina： Yes. I drpped my ld ne, and it was t expensive t repair. S I bught a new ne. This ne is much better. It's s much lighter and easier t use than the ld ne. I've learnt hw t wrk it already, (2) _____________ I've nly had it fr a cuple f days. And I dn't have t wrry abut getting prints f all the phts —I can stre (3) ______________ phts n my cmputer!
Jerry: Ww, that's great! I'm thinking f getting a camera t. D yu mind if I (4) ______ it ________? ①Tina: Of curse nt. Let‘s g t the lake. It’s nt (5) ___________ here. The lake wuld make a really gd pht.
try ut
far frm
溫馨提示：此符號(hào)表示“考點(diǎn)精講分析”鏈接。
6. Read the passage and cmplete the table. The early develpment f phtgraphyIn 1827, a Frenchman named Niépce needed pictures fr his business. But he was nt gd at art. S he invented a camera which was very simple, and put it in a windw in his huse. He tk a picture f his garden, and this became the first successful phtgraph.
The next imprtant develpment in the histry f phtgraphy was in the early 1830s. At that time, a new kind f camera was invented. The man wh invented it was Daguerre, als French. He tk a picture f his reading rm. In his picture, yu culd see everything very clearly, even the smallest things.Sn, ther peple began t use Daguerre's methd. Travellers brught back wnderful phts frm all arund the wrld.
Peple tk pictures f famus buildings, cities and muntains which they culd shw their families and friends. After 1840, phtgraphy develped further. Peple culd take pictures f mving things, althugh it was nt simple. They had t carry a lt f film and ther kinds f tls. But this did nt stp them, especially in the US. In the 1880s, new inventins began t change phtgraphy.
Anyne wh wanted t take phts culd buy film in small bxes, s they did nt have t make the film themselves. Phtgraphy became a kind f art by the end f the nineteenth century. ② Sme phts were nt just cpies f the real wrld. They shwed ideas and feelings, just as ther kinds f art d.
Daguerre invented a new kind f camera. In his picture, yu culd see everything very clearly, even the smallest things.　
A Frenchman named Niépce invented a camera which was very simple, and tk a picture f his garden and this became the first successful phtgraph.　
Phtgraphy develped further. Peple culd take pictures f mving things.　
Phtgraphy became a kind f art and sme phts shwed ideas and feelings, just as ther kinds f art d.　
New inventins began t change phtgraphy. Peple did nt have t make the film themselves. 　
7. Listen and cmplete the sentences.1．The first successful pht was prduced in________.2．Because it tk a lng time t take a pht, peple in early phts did nt _________.3．The first phtgraphers needed t knw hw t ________________ and ________________ them.
take phts
hw t develp
4．Kdak intrduced a camera that culd be used by everyne in ________.5．Kdak's camera was ________ and ________ than any f the earlier cameras.6．Cameras with cmputer technlgy were intrduced in _____________.
聽(tīng)力材料I’m ging t tell yu abut the histry f phtgraphy. The first successful phtgraph was prduced in 1827. At first, it tk a lng time t take a picture, s peple in early phtgraphs didn’t smile. The first phtgraphers needed t knw nt nly hw t take phts, but als hw t develp them. Then, in 1888, Kdak intrduced a camera that culd be used by everyne. It wasn’t expensive. It was easy t use. And Kdak helped custmers develp the phts.
Althugh tday we wuld find it big and heavy, Kdak’s camera was smaller and lighter than any ther earlier cameras. After its inventin, taking phtgraphs became a very ppular hbby. Cameras became smaller and smaller. Cameras with cmputer technlgy were intrduced in the 1990s. There isn’t even a need fr printing the phts. Tday yu can buy camera phnes, s maybe there isn’t even a need fr a separate camera at all!
Arund the wrld A famus phtPhts can change the way we think abut things. This picture f the earth frm space was taken by William Anders n the Apll 8 trip int space. Even thugh nw we can see many pictures f the earth frm space, at that time, peple were nt used t seeing phts f the earth like this. ③
It made peple think abut hw small and beautiful the earth was, and hw we need t take care f it. It has been called the mst imprtant envirnmental phtgraph ever taken. What d yu think f it?
8. Mdule task: Making a pht displayChse yur favurite pht and describe it.·Chse the pht yu like best.·Write a passage r stry abut it. Say what/wh is in the pht, and why it is imprtant t yu.
9. Wrk in grups. Talk abut yur pht. Use the passage r stry yu have written in Activity 8 t help yu. ·Shw the grup yur pht. Tell them why yu like it, and why it is imprtant t yu.·Answer questins yur grup may have.·Listen t the ther members f yur grup talk abut their phts.
10. Shw yur phts frm the grup t the whle class and talk abut them.
mind/ma?nd/ v. 介意e.g. D yu mind pening the windw? 你介意打開(kāi)窗戶嗎? —D yu mind my smking here? 你介意我在這里抽煙嗎? —Nt at all. 毫不介意。
對(duì)mind 的回答，大家特別注意，根據(jù)具體的情境回答。
D yu mind if I try it ut?
mind 常用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句中，后接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞的-ing 形式或從句。D/Wuld yu mind...？常用Certainly nt./Of curse nt./Nt at all.等來(lái)表示“不介意”；如果介意，則可委婉拒絕，常用Srry, ’d better nt...。
考題在線1：Wuld yu mind __________(take) ut the trash, Jerry?
考題在線2：—Julia, I’m srry fr what I have dne.—________. I knw that peple get mad easily when they’re under pressure. [撫順、本溪、遼陽(yáng)]A. That’s fr sure B. Never mindC. With pleasure D. Of curse nt
【分析】情景交際法。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)中的“我知道人們?cè)趬毫ο潞苋菀装l(fā)瘋?！笨赏浦? 對(duì)他人的道歉表示不介意。
by the end f 到……末e.g. By the end f last mnth, he had read five plays.到上個(gè)月末為止, 他已經(jīng)讀了五個(gè)劇本了。By the end f next year, I will have learned 2, 000 wrds. 到明年年底, 我將學(xué)會(huì)2000 個(gè)單詞。
by the end f 接時(shí)間，一定要注意時(shí)間是表示什么時(shí)間段的。
Phtgraphy became a kind f art by the end f the nineteenth century.
① 后接過(guò)去的時(shí)間，句子常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；② 后接將來(lái)的時(shí)間，句子常用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。
考題在線3：—Lucy, is yur uncle a teacher? —Yes, he is. He ______ histry by the end f this year fr nearly 20 years.A. teaches B. will have taughtC. is teaching D. will teach
【分析】用題眼法解題。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“by the end f this year fr nearly 20 years”判斷句子使用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。
be/get used t... 習(xí)慣于……e.g. My parents are used t walking after supper. 我父母習(xí)慣晚飯后散步。Thse grapes are used t make wine. 那些葡萄被用來(lái)做葡萄酒。
... peple were nt used t seeing phts f the earth like this.
—Tm used t exercise every day. 湯姆過(guò)去每天都鍛煉。— Really ? But why is he s weak nw ? 真的嗎? 但為什么他現(xiàn)在這么虛弱?
辨析：be used t ding sth., be used t d sth. 與used t d sth.
考題在線4：I used t ______ at half past six, but nw I am getting used t _______ at seven. [百色]A. getting up; get up B. get up; getting up C. gt up; getting up D. gt up; get up
【分析】used t d sth. 是固定搭配, 表示“過(guò)去常常做某事”；get used t ding sth. 也是固定搭配, 意為“習(xí)慣于做某事”。
關(guān)系代詞wh 指人, 在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ), 也可代替whm 作賓語(yǔ), 但wh 不能用于介詞后。先行詞是人, 一般用關(guān)系代詞wh, whm 或that。在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)的一般用wh 或that, 作賓語(yǔ)的一般用whm 或that。
which 和wh 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
e.g. The girl wh/that ften helps me with my English is frm England. 經(jīng)常在英語(yǔ)方面幫助我的那個(gè)女孩來(lái)自英國(guó)。(作主語(yǔ)) He is the man whm/that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天看見(jiàn)的那個(gè)人。(作賓語(yǔ))
考題在線1：I’d like t express my thanks t everyne _______ served the cmmunity. [大慶]A. which B. wh C. where D. when
【分析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意為“我想要向?yàn)樯鐓^(qū)服務(wù)的每個(gè)人表示感謝”。定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系代詞修飾先行詞everyne, everyne 屬于表示人的不定代詞, 所以用關(guān)系代詞wh。
關(guān)系代詞which 指物, 在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。當(dāng)先行詞是物的時(shí)候, 關(guān)系代詞用that 或which。(關(guān)系代詞that 既能指代人, 又能指代物。) e.g. The film (which/that) we saw last night was wnderful. 我們昨天晚上看的那部電影很好看。
關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，關(guān)系代詞可省。
考題在線2：I like smart clthes ______ are made f silk. [綏化]A. wh B. which C. what
【分析】句意為“我喜歡用絲綢做的漂亮衣服”。空格所在句是定語(yǔ)從句, 先行詞clthes 表示物, 關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用that 或which。
一般情況下, that 與which 可以通用, 但以下情況, 關(guān)系代詞只能用that, 而不能用which。(1) 先行詞為all, much, little, nne, few, the ne, smething 等不定代詞時(shí)。e.g. I mean everything that happened yesterday. 我指的是昨天發(fā)生的一切。
(2) 先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或被the nly, any, few, little, n, all 等修飾時(shí)。e.g. It is the mst imprtant task that shuld be finished sn. 這是應(yīng)該馬上完成的最重要的任務(wù)。(3) 先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。e.g. The first thing that shuld be dne is t get the bk. 應(yīng)該做的第一件事是弄到那本書。
(4) 先行詞中既有人又有物時(shí)。e.g. We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schls that we had visited. 我們?cè)L問(wèn)過(guò)的老師和學(xué)校給我們留下了深刻的印象。(5) which 引導(dǎo)的問(wèn)句, 為避免重復(fù), 只能用that。e.g. Which is the car that was made in Beijing? 在北京制造的小汽車是哪一輛?
考題在線3：Great changes have taken place here. Everything _______ cmes int my eyes is s new t me. [畢節(jié)]A. that B. which C. wh D. whm
【分析】考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是everything 等不定代詞時(shí), 定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞用that。
不用that, 只用which 的情況：(1) 關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí), 用which 不用that。e.g. This is the rm in which Lu Xun lived. 這是魯迅住過(guò)的房間。(2) 先行詞是that 時(shí), 用which, 而不用that。e.g. What’s that which is near the desk? 在桌子附近的那個(gè)東西是什么?
考題在線4：Yesterday Mr Green went t his hmetwn and visited the ld huse in _______ he was brn.A. that B. whichC. where D. what
在定語(yǔ)從句中學(xué)會(huì)判斷有沒(méi)有以上的特殊情況。
Write a passage abut the pht. Use the answers in Unit 2 Activity 6 t help yu.
(1) 整理思路, 列出提綱。(2) 根據(jù)提綱, 聯(lián)想有把握的表達(dá)法。(3) 組織材料, 注意發(fā)揮并補(bǔ)上所需的詞匯。(4) 通讀全文, 注意上下文的銜接是否合理, 有無(wú)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤等問(wèn)題。
“三要素一主題法”介紹攝影作品(三要素：拍攝時(shí)間；拍攝地點(diǎn)；拍攝內(nèi)容；一主題：攝影作品)
(1) 拍攝時(shí)間。(2) 拍攝地點(diǎn)。(3) 拍攝內(nèi)容。(4) 拍攝主題或通過(guò)照片表達(dá)攝影師什么樣的思想或揭露什么樣的社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)或照片講述了什么樣的故事。(5) 注意時(shí)態(tài)的運(yùn)用, 以照片為線索, 運(yùn)用復(fù)合句。
This pht shws me and my family with sme animals in Australia. It was taken when we went t Australia n hliday last year. ① Yu can see a little grey animal in the tree next t us. It lks like ② a bear. It is a kala. It lks very cute. There is als a baby kangar. Yu can see me patting him n the head. I like this pht because it reminds me f a pleasant hliday with my parents.
本文用“三要素一主題法”寫作, 一主題為：This pht shws me and my family with sme animals in Australia. 三要素為：一拍攝時(shí)間：last year; 二拍攝地點(diǎn)： in Australia; 三拍攝內(nèi)容：Yu can see a little grey animal...添彩點(diǎn)：①運(yùn)用了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)及 when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句, 豐富了文章的句式結(jié)構(gòu)。②處的短語(yǔ)運(yùn)用恰到好處, 讓文章增色不少。

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