A
(2023江蘇省淮安市淮安區(qū)高一下學(xué)期期中)
Flds are ne f the mst cmmn disasters. Sme flds develp slwly. But flash flds(暴洪)can develp quickly, smetimes in just a few minutes and withut any signs f rain. 1 It carries rcks and mud and can sweep away mst things in its path.
1. If a fld is likely t happen in yur area, yu shuld:
Listen t the radi r the televisin fr infrmatin. If there is any pssibility f a flash fld, mve at nce t higher grund. 2
2. If yu have time t prepare, yu shuld:
Make yur hme safe by bringing in utdr furniture. 3 D nt tuch any electrical equipment if yu are wet r standing in water.
3. If yu have t leave yur hme right away, remember these tips:
D nt walk thrugh mving water. 5 If yu have t walk in water, walk where the water is nt mving. Use a stick t check the grund in frnt f yu.
5 If fldwaters rise arund yur car, give up the car and mve t higher grund if yu can d s safely. Otherwise yu and the car can be quickly swept away.
A. D nt drive int flded areas.
B. D nt wait fr instructins t mve.
C. Turn ff all pieces f electrical equipment.
D. 20 cm f mving water can make yu fall.
E. Flds can cause deaths and lss f prperty.
F. A flash fld ften has a dangerus wall f water.
G. Mud frm fldwaters may cntain chemicals.
【答案】1. F 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。洪水是最常見的自然災(zāi)害之一，文章介紹了一些洪水到來時應(yīng)該采取的措施。
1.根據(jù)空前“But flash flds(暴洪)can develp quickly, smetimes in just a few minutes and withut any signs f rain.(但是山洪暴發(fā)迅速，有時只需要幾分鐘，而且沒有任何下雨的跡象。)”可知山洪暴發(fā)的速度很快，根據(jù)空后“It carries rcks and mud and can sweep away mst things in its path.(它攜帶著巖石和泥土，可以卷走途經(jīng)的大部分東西。)”可知，此處具體介紹了山洪的破壞性很強(qiáng)，空處承上啟下，所以空處應(yīng)該指出山洪的威力，F(xiàn)選項A flash fld ften has a dangerus wall f water.(暴洪往往會形成一堵危險的水墻。)符合，而且空后的“It”指代的是F項中的“a dangerus wall f water”，符合上下文語境。故選F項。
2.根據(jù)空前“Listen t the radi r the televisin fr infrmatin. If there is any pssibility f a flash fld, mve at nce t higher grund.(聽收音機(jī)或電視獲取信息。如果有山洪暴發(fā)的可能，立即轉(zhuǎn)移到地勢較高的地方。)”可知一旦從媒體中獲取有山洪暴發(fā)的信息就要立刻轉(zhuǎn)移到安全地帶，而不應(yīng)被動等待行動指示，空處位于段末，應(yīng)對前文進(jìn)行總結(jié)，所以空處應(yīng)該講的是從媒體中獲取山洪暴發(fā)的信息后應(yīng)該怎么做，B選項D nt wait fr instructins t mve.(不要等待行動指示。)指出有山洪暴發(fā)的可能時不應(yīng)等待行動指示，符合上下文語境。故選B項。
3.根據(jù)空前“Make yur hme safe by bringing in utdr furniture.(帶些戶外家具，讓你的家更安全。)”可知帶些戶外家具會更安全，根據(jù)空后“D nt tuch any electrical equipment if yu are wet r standing in water.(如果你身上是濕的或正站在水里，不要觸摸任何電器。)”可知為了安全不要在身上有水或站在水里時觸摸電器，空處承上啟下，所以空處應(yīng)該繼續(xù)講如何做會更安全，即關(guān)掉所有電器，避免觸電的危險，C選項Turn ff all pieces f electrical equipment.(關(guān)掉所有的電器。)符合上下文語境。故選C項。
4.根據(jù)空前“D nt walk thrugh mving water.(不要在流動的水中行走。) ”可知山洪暴發(fā)時要避免在流水中行走，根據(jù)空后“If yu have t walk in water, walk where the water is nt mving. Use a stick t check the grund in frnt f yu.(如果你一定要在水里走，那就走在水不動的地方。用棍子檢查你前面的地面。)”可知如果一定要在水中行走就選擇在靜水中行走，空處承上啟下，所以空處應(yīng)該講的是不要在流水中行走的原因，D選項20 cm f mving water can make yu fall.(20厘米深的流水會把你沖倒。)解釋不要在流水中行走的原因，符合上下文語境。故選D項。
5.根據(jù)空后“If fldwaters rise arund yur car, give up the car and mve t higher grund if yu can d s safely. Otherwise yu and the car can be quickly swept away.(如果洪水在你的汽車周圍上漲，放棄汽車，如果安全的話轉(zhuǎn)移到更高的地方。否則你和車很快就會被沖走。) ”可知開車時如果車周圍的洪水一直上漲，就放棄汽車并轉(zhuǎn)移到更高更安全的地方，空處位于句首，應(yīng)對后文進(jìn)行概括，所以空后應(yīng)該講的是為了安全開車時要遠(yuǎn)離洪水區(qū)，A選項D nt drive int flded areas.(不要開車去洪水區(qū)。)指出山洪暴發(fā)時如果開車應(yīng)該怎么做，符合上下文語境。故選A項。
B
(2023江蘇省泰州姜堰中學(xué)高一下學(xué)期期中)
The fear f elevatrs is actually ne f the mst cmmn phbias(恐懼癥) experienced tday. 6 When cmbined with these ther cnditins, the fear f elevatrs is highly cmmn, and usually successfully treated.
7 Sme may be frightened f being up s high. Others may be afraid f the enclsed space. Still thers are afraid t be clse t ther peple.
Since s many peple suffer frm the fear f elevatrs, there may be supprt grups in sme areas. These are mst cmmn in cities with lts f tall buildings where riding an elevatr is almst impssible t avid in day-t-day life. 8
Usually, the fear f elevatrs can be treated. Let sufferers visualize riding an elevatr and picture the aspects which are frightening. Then they may be required t invlve themselves in the part that scares them mst. Fr example, smene wh is afraid f heights may start by climbing a ladder ver and ver again. 9 Next, they mve n t a greater height, such as climbing a tree. As they experience greater and greater levels, their fear may becme lessened. Finally, they will be able t enter an elevatr.
Smetimes just stepping int it is a start. 10 This will likely still cause anxiety the first few times. But they can use methds which wrk when accmplishing smaller gals. Finally, after many attempts, riding an elevatr may nt cause anxiety at all.
A. They can stp this prcess when it causes little anxiety.
B. By nw, yu have identified what scares yu mst.
C. At ther times, they will be asked t ride up a few flights.
D. Sufferers generally frce themselves t face their fears.
E. Many aspects f riding an elevatr may cause fear in sufferers.
F. In these lcatins, the fear f elevatrs can affect everyday activities.
G. It may present itself in crrelatin with anther fear, such as the fear f limited spaces.
【答案】6. G 7. E 8. F 9. A 10. C
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了克服電梯恐懼的方法。
6. 根據(jù)上文“The fear f elevatrs is actually ne f the mst cmmn phbias (恐懼癥) experienced tday.(對電梯的恐懼實際上是當(dāng)今最常見的恐懼癥之一)”以及后文“When cmbined with these ther cnditins, the fear f elevatrs is highly cmmn, and usually successfully treated.(當(dāng)與這些其他情況相結(jié)合時，對電梯的恐懼是非常普遍的，并且通常能成功地治療)”可知，電梯恐懼可能與其他恐懼相結(jié)合，由此可知，空處提到了另一種有關(guān)的恐懼。G選項It指代上文phbias。故G選項“它可能與另一種恐懼相關(guān)，比如對有限空間的恐懼”符合語境，故選G。
7. 根據(jù)后文“Sme may be frightened f being up s high. Others may be afraid f the enclsed space. Still thers are afraid t be clse t ther peple.(有些人可能害怕高。其他人可能會害怕封閉的空間。還有一些人害怕與他人親近)”可知，后文列舉了不同人不同的恐懼，本句為本段第一句，應(yīng)總起下文，故E選項“乘坐電梯的許多方面可能會引起患者的恐懼”符合語境，故選E。
8. 根據(jù)上文“Since s many peple suffer frm the fear f elevatrs, there may be supprt grups in sme areas. These are mst cmmn in cities with lts f tall buildings where riding an elevatr is almst impssible t avid in day-t-day life.(由于很多人都有電梯恐懼癥，在一些地區(qū)可能會有支持團(tuán)體。這在高樓林立的城市里最為常見，在這些城市里，日常生活中幾乎不可能避免乘坐電梯)”可知，上文提到“在這些城市里，日常生活中幾乎不可能避免乘坐電梯”，說明在這些地方，對電梯的恐懼會影響日常生活，故F選項“在這些地方，對電梯的恐懼會影響日常活動”符合語境，故選F。
9. 根據(jù)上文“Fr example, smene wh is afraid f heights may start by climbing a ladder ver and ver again.(例如，一個恐高的人可能會一遍又一遍地爬梯子)”以及后文“Next, they mve n t a greater height, such as climbing a tree. As they experience greater and greater levels, their fear may becme lessened. Finally, they will be able t enter an elevatr.(接下來，它們會爬到更高的地方，比如爬樹。當(dāng)他們體驗到越來越高水平的高度時，他們的恐懼可能會減少。最后，他們將能夠進(jìn)入電梯)”可知，上文提到了先通過爬梯子來減少恐高，然后再通過爬樹燈來克服更高的高度。由此可知，當(dāng)對爬梯子的恐懼減少后，可以進(jìn)入下一個挑戰(zhàn)。故A選項“他們可以在很少引起焦慮的情況下停止這個過程”符合語境，故選A。
10. 根據(jù)上文“Smetimes just stepping int it is a start.(有時候，只是步入電梯就是一個開始)”以及后文“This will likely still cause anxiety the first few times. But they can use methds which wrk when accmplishing smaller gals. Finally, after many attempts, riding an elevatr may nt cause anxiety at all.(這可能會在最初幾次引起焦慮。但是當(dāng)他們完成較小的目標(biāo)時，他們可以使用有效的方法。最后，經(jīng)過多次嘗試，乘坐電梯可能根本不會引起焦慮)”可知，步入電梯是一個開始，但如何要克服電梯恐懼，還需要練習(xí)乘坐幾層樓，故C選項“在其他時候，他們會被要求乘坐幾層樓”符合語境，故選C。
C
(2023江蘇省鹽城市第一中學(xué)等多校高一下學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考)
U.N. Reprt Warns Nature Crisis
A new U.N. reprt fcuses n the negative effects f human activity n nature. It says ne millin plant and animal species n land, in the seas and in the sky are nw in danger f extinctin.
The 1,800-page reprt tk three years t finish. 11 The Earth has always suffered frm human activity, it says. Hwever, these scratches (劃傷) have becme deep scars(傷疤) ver the past 50 years. Species are ging t extinct several hundred times faster than the average rate during the past ten millin years. It’s smething that has never happened befre in human histry.
12 Since 1970, the human ppulatin has dubled. The glbal ecnmy has grwn by fur times. T feed, clthe and give energy t this fast-changing wrld, lts f frests have been cut dwn. 13 Furthermre, hunting, verfishing and pllutin have als been killing species in great numbers.
The prblem can be fixed, the reprt says. 14 The amunt f land and sea that is under prtectin needs t increase rapidly. The reprt suggests gvernments mve away frm using GDP as a key measure f develpment. Lng-term effects must be cnsidered, t.
Prfessr Eduard Brndizi f Indiana University is an authr f the reprt. He says, “We all knw what needs t be dne. The knwledge is there. 15 ”
A. Hwever, this requires many changes.
B. Over 120 wildlife species are facing extinctin.
C. Only experts knw hw t address the prblem.
D. The reprt listed several causes fr the situatin.
E. There just needs t be a greater will t take actin.
F. It draws n the wrk f 450 scientists frm dzens f cuntries.
G. Between 1980 and 2000, ne millin square kilmeters f trpical (熱帶的) frest were lst.
【答案】11. F 12. D 13. G 14. A 15. E
【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。主要介紹了一份新的聚焦于人類活動對自然的負(fù)面影響的聯(lián)合國報告：海陸空的100萬種植物和動物因為人類活動而正面臨滅絕的危險，問題可以解決，但是要真正付之于行動。
11. 上文“The 1, 800-page reprt tk three years t finish.(這份1800頁的報告花了三年時間才完成)”說明聯(lián)合國報告花費了很長時間，F(xiàn)項中It指代上文中的報告，F(xiàn)項“它借鑒了來自數(shù)十個國家的450名科學(xué)家的成果?！边M(jìn)一步說明這份報告借鑒了很多人的工作成果，承接上文，符合題意。故選F。
12. 下文“Since 1970, the human ppulatin has dubled. The glbal ecnmy has grwn by fur times. T feed, clthe and give energy t this fast-changing wrld, lts f frests have been cut dwn.(自1970年以來，人口增加了一倍。全球經(jīng)濟(jì)增長了四倍。為了給這個快速變化的世界提供食物、衣服和能量，許多森林被砍伐了)”說明造成物種滅絕速度增長的原因，D項“報告列出了造成這種情況的幾個原因?！币鱿挛模项}意。故選D。
13. 上文“T feed, clthe and give energy t this fast-changing wrld, lts f frests have been cut dwn.(為了給這個快速變化的世界提供食物、衣服和能量，許多森林被砍伐了)”說明許多森林被砍伐，G項“1980年至2000年間，100萬平方公里的熱帶森林消失?！闭f明了森林砍伐的結(jié)果，承接上文，符合題意。故選G。
14. 上文“The prblem can be fixed, the reprt says.(報告稱，這個問題是可以解決的)”說明這一問題可以解決，以及下文“The amunt f land and sea that is under prtectin needs t increase rapidly.(受保護(hù)的陸地和海洋數(shù)量需要迅速增加)”說明解決問題需要做出的改變，A項“然而，這需要許多改變?！背猩蠁⑾?，符合題意，其中“this”代指上文“The prblem can be fixed”。故選A。
15. 上文“We all knw what needs t be dne. The knwledge is there.(我們都知道需要做什么。知識就在那里)”說明大家都知道應(yīng)該采取什么行動，E項“只需要有更大的意愿來采取行動?！闭f明Eduard Brndizi希望大家更愿意采取行動，承接上文，符合題意。故選E。
D
(2023江蘇省鹽城市新豐中學(xué)、龍崗中學(xué)等五校高一下學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考)
What are sme things in yur life that give yu t much stress? Find ut what yu can d abut it.
Schl wrk and grades
As a student, schl wrk and grades are at the tp f yur stress list. Even if yur results are nt s bad, yu may still be vercme with stress fearing that yu may fail r nt d as well as yu expect. 16 . Why nt take it easy by leaving extra time t study and take frequent breaks t avid being s tired? Manage yur time carefully and d nt put things ff.
17
Have yu ever been cncerned abut nt having enugh friends, r nt being in the same class as yur best friends? These, alng with ther prblems such as peer pressure and interpersnal cnflicts(沖突), are ther cmmn stress.
It is imprtant t knw hw t chse yur circle f friends wisely. D nt hide in yur wn wrld. 18 . Make plans t meet with yur friends frm ther classes during break time.
Pr diet and lack f sleep
Sme students eat t much fast fd and junk fd, which can lead t md changes, lack f energy and ther negative effects. These fd may cause ther health prblems. 19 .
Other students suffer frm lack f sleep. When that happens, they functin prly in class, getting upset and angry easily. Why nt draw up a schedule t g t bed at a set time every night? 20 . Well arrange yur daily rutine and yu will feel better abut yurself.
A. Family and supprt
B. Friendships and relatinships
C. Avid using smart phnes befre yu sleep
D. Eating junk fd is really a waste f mney
E. Make friends when yu jin in schl activitics
F. Heavy learning burden is anther cause fr wrry
G. S learn t make wise fd chices that yu can enjy
【答案】16. F 17. B 18. E 19. G 20. C
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了作為學(xué)生經(jīng)常會因為哪些事情而感到有壓力，并且推薦了一些解壓的方法。
16. 根據(jù)上文“As a student, schl wrk and grades are at the tp f yur stress list. Even if yur results are nt s bad, yu may still be vercme with stress fearing that yu may fail r nt d as well as yu expect.(作為一名學(xué)生，學(xué)業(yè)和成績位于你壓力清單上的榜首。即使你的結(jié)果不是那么糟糕，你可能仍然會被壓力所壓倒，害怕你可能會失敗或做得不如你預(yù)期的那么好。)”可知，本段主要講述了學(xué)生的主要壓力來自學(xué)業(yè)和成績。選項F“Heavy learning burden is anther cause fr wrry(沉重的學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)擔(dān)是另一個擔(dān)心的原因)”承接上文，認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)擔(dān)也是壓力的來源。內(nèi)容上與上文一致。故選F。
17. 空處為小標(biāo)題，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文“Have yu ever been cncerned abut nt having enugh friends, r nt being in the same class as yur best friends? These, alng with ther prblems such as peer pressure and interpersnal cnflicts(沖突), are ther cmmn stress. (你是否曾經(jīng)擔(dān)心沒有足夠的朋友，或者和你最好的朋友不在同一個班級？這些，連同其他問題，如同伴壓力和人際沖突，是其他常見的壓力。)”可知，本段主要講述的是友誼和人際關(guān)系也是壓力的源泉。選項B“Friendships and relatinships (友誼和關(guān)系)”與下文內(nèi)容一致，是下文內(nèi)容的概括與總結(jié)。故選B。
18. 根據(jù)上文“It is imprtant t knw hw t chse yur circle f friends wisely. D nt hide in yur wn wrld.(知道如何明智地選擇朋友圈是很重要的。不要躲在自己的世界里。)”可知，上文建議讀者學(xué)會交朋友。選項E“Make friends when yu jin in schl activities(參加學(xué)?；顒訒r交朋友)”與上文“D nt hide in yur wn wrld.”一致，建議讀者參加學(xué)校活動從而結(jié)交朋友。故選E。
19. 根據(jù)上文“Sme students eat t much fast fd and junk fd, which can lead t md changes, lack f energy and ther negative effects. These fd may cause ther health prblems.(一些學(xué)生吃太多快餐和垃圾食品，這可能會導(dǎo)致情緒變化，缺乏精力和其他負(fù)面影響。這些食物可能會導(dǎo)致其他健康問題。)”可知，學(xué)生食物的選擇很重要，會影響自己的心情和身體。選項G“S learn t make wise fd chices that yu can enjy(所以要學(xué)會明智地選擇你喜歡的食物)”是根據(jù)學(xué)生存在的飲食問題提出的建議，與上文內(nèi)容一致。故選G。
20. 根據(jù)上文“Other students suffer frm lack f sleep. When that happens, they functin prly in class, getting upset and angry easily. Why nt draw up a schedule t g t bed at a set time every night?(其他學(xué)生睡眠不足。當(dāng)這種情況發(fā)生時，他們在課堂上表現(xiàn)很差，很容易心煩和生氣。為什么不制定一個時間表，每晚在固定的時間上床睡覺呢？)”可知，作者認(rèn)為學(xué)生睡眠不足會導(dǎo)致課堂表現(xiàn)差，所以建議學(xué)生每晚在固定時間睡覺，即對學(xué)生的睡眠給出了改善的方法。選項C“Avid using smart phnes befre yu sleep(睡覺前避免使用智能手機(jī))”也是改善睡眠的方法，與上文內(nèi)容一致。故選C。
A
Smetimes, we meet with situatins that cause us t feel angry t the pint we may want t erupt like a vlcan r curse(咒罵) smene ut. 1 Here are sme replies nline t the questin abut hw t deal with anger.
G fr a swim, lift weights, and practice ther frms f exercise!
Science suggests that hearing, seeing, r swimming causes ur brain t prduce neurchemicals that increase bld flw t the brain and heart. “ 2 I like t lift weights. It cmpletely takes the edge ff. Heavy bag wrk is gd fr cardi and reducing anger. Yga is great fr bth exercise and meditatin,” wrte u/JackFunk.
Eat a healthier diet.
Prteins such as fish, tfu, and chicken, help us prduce higher levels f dpamine and nrepinephrine, which are chemicals in the brain that play a rle in yur md, mtivatin, and cncentratin. “I fund that sme fds messed with my stmach. 3 Over time I have remved varius fds frm my diet, and it has really helped,” u/JackFunk als wrte.
Write yur feelings dwn.
Whether it’s quick sentences r jurnal entries, writing dwn hw yu feel is a great way t release negative emtins. “ 4 Pur yur heart ut… and if yu’re wrried that smene else may read it later, yu can burn it t release the energy,” wrte u/ChiceFabulus.
5
“If yu have truble nt getting angry when discussing smething r trying t wrk thrugh a prblem with smene, always imagine the cnversatin is being videtaped. If yu keep that in the back f yur mind, yu will always think abut what yu say, and it culd help keep yur mind frm the anger,” wrte u/therealtidbits.
A. Fr me, nthing is better than exercise.
B. Whenever I can’t help getting angry, I read.
C. Pretend that when yu get angry peple are watching.
D. Whenever I can’t exercise r burn ut the feelings, I write.
E. Anyway, there are always better ways t handle when angry.
F. They then messed with my head, which brught ut the anger.
G. Pretend there is a camera befre yu and be mindful f what yu say.
【答案】1. E 2. A 3. F 4. D 5. G
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了一些網(wǎng)友對于如何應(yīng)對憤怒給出的一些方法。
1. 根據(jù)上文“Smetimes, we meet with situatins that cause us t feel angry t the pint we may want t erupt like a vlcan r curse (咒罵) smene ut. (有時，我們會遇到一些情況，使我們感到憤怒，以至于我們可能想像火山一樣爆發(fā)或詛咒某人。)”可知，雖然人們生氣憤怒，但是肯定會有好方法來應(yīng)對，此處應(yīng)承上啟下，與E項“Anyway, there are always better ways t handle when angry. (盡管如此，生氣時總有更好的處理方法。)”上下文一致，符合文意，且better ways與下文的sme replies相呼應(yīng)，故選E項。
2. 根據(jù)下文““I like t lift weights. It cmpletely takes the edge ff. Heavy bag wrk is gd fr cardi and reducing anger. Yga is great fr bth exercise and meditatin”, wrte u/JackFunk. (“我喜歡舉重。它完全消除了邊緣。沉重的袋子工作有利于有氧運動和減少憤怒。瑜伽對鍛煉和冥想都很好”，JackFunk寫道。)”可知，本段主要介紹運動對緩解憤怒的作用，與A項“Fr me, nthing is better than exercise. (對我來說，沒有什么比鍛煉更好的了。)上下文一致，符合文意，故選A項。
3. 根據(jù)上文“I fund that sme fds messed with my stmach. (我發(fā)現(xiàn)有些食物弄亂了我的胃。)”可知，空處將進(jìn)一步說明，與F項“They then messed with my head, which brught ut the anger. (然后他們弄亂了我的頭，這引起了憤怒。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故選F項。
4. 根據(jù)下文““Pur yur heart ut… and if yu’re wrried that smene else may read it later, yu can burn it t release the energy,” wrte u/ChiceFabulus. (“傾訴衷腸……如果你擔(dān)心別人以后會讀到它，你可以燒掉它來釋放能量，”ChiceFabulus寫道。)”可知，本段介紹寫作對釋放消極情緒的作用，與D項“Whenever I can’t exercise r burn ut the feelings, I write. (每當(dāng)我不能鍛煉或倦怠時，我就會寫作。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故選D項。
5. 根據(jù)下文“If yu have truble nt getting angry when discussing smething r trying t wrk thrugh a prblem with smene, always imagine the cnversatin is being videtaped. (如果你在討論某事或試圖與某人解決問題時難以不生氣，請始終想象談話被錄像。)”可知，如果你的面前有攝像機(jī)，你就會注意自己的言辭，與G項“Pretend there is a camera befre yu and be mindful f what yu say. (假裝你面前有一個攝像頭，并注意你說的話。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故選G項。
B
These fur gd habits will imprve sme aspects f yur life.
D ne thing at a time
6 . In truth, it’s nt the best way t get things dne. Instead f jumping frm ne thing t the next like a ping-png ball, stick with ne task as lng as yu can. That cncentrated time yu spend n ne thing will be far mre prductive. 7 .
Create a place fr everything
Imagine all things in yur hme have a place where they live. Fr example, tys g int a basket when they’re nt in use. 8 . If yu regularly(定期的) have lts f things that have nwhere t g, it may be time t make sme hard chices abut what yu really want t keep.
9
Get up at the same time every day, preferably all seven days a week. A cnsistent(一致的) sleep schedule helps frm yur bdy’s circadian rhythm(晝夜節(jié)律). Sleeping late n the weekends is nt bad. But it feels better t get regular rests every day.
Learn hw t say n
Saying yes t everything can be a difficult habit t break fr mst f us. But learning hw t draw a line is ne f the best things yu can d fr yurself. Yu have the pwer nt t agree t help everyne else with their prblems. 10 . Yur time is just as valuable as everyne else’s.
A. Set a realistic gal
B. Keep a cnsistent sleep schedule
C. In this way yu spare lts f time fr yurself
D. If s, tidying up yur hme gets a whle lt quicker
E. Mst f us smetimes d several things at the same time
F. Being efficient with the time yu have is crucial fr prductivity
G. Instead, yu will easily feel tired when trying t finish three things meantime
【答案】6. E 7. G 8. D 9. B 10. C
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四個改善生活的好習(xí)慣。
6. 下文“In truth, it’s nt the best way t get things dne.(事實上，這不是完成事情的最佳方式)”，空處應(yīng)對應(yīng)本段標(biāo)題“D ne thing at a time(一次做一件事)”，并且指出下文it指代的內(nèi)容，E項“我們大多數(shù)人有時同時做幾件事”符合語境。故選E項。
7. 上文“That cncentrated time yu spend n ne thing will be far mre prductive.(把時間集中在一件事上會更有效率)”表明一個時間只做一件事會效率更高，空處承接上文，G項“相反，當(dāng)你試圖同時完成三件事時，你會很容易感到疲憊”跟上文相對照，表明另外一種結(jié)果，符合題意。故選G項。
8. 上文“Imagine all things in yur hme have a place where they live. Fr example, tys g int a basket when they’re nt in use. (想象一下，你家里的所有東西都有一個他們居住的地方。例如，玩具不用時會放進(jìn)籃子里)”指出所有東西要有自己的地方，空處承接上文，D項“如果是這樣的話，整理你的家會更快”是對前面句子的順承，符合語境。故選D項。
9. 空處作為小標(biāo)題，應(yīng)概括本段內(nèi)容，下文第一句“Get up at the same time every day, preferably all seven days a week.A cnsistent (一致的) sleep schedule helps frm yur bdy’s circadian rhythm (晝夜節(jié)律). (每天在同一時間起床，最好一周七天都一樣。一致的睡眠時間表有助于形成你身體的晝夜節(jié)律。)”是對小標(biāo)題的進(jìn)一步解釋，B項“保持一致的睡眠時間表”跟主題內(nèi)容一致，符合語境，同時a cnsistent sleep schedule是同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選B項。
10. 上文“Yu have the pwer nt t agree t help everyne else with their prblems.(你有權(quán)不同意幫助其他人解決他們的問題)”表明你可以向別人說“不”，空處承上啟下，下文“Yur time is just as valuable as everyne else’s.(你的時間和其他人的時間一樣寶貴)”表明你自己的時間也很重要，要留給自己時間，C項“這樣你就為自己騰出了很多時間”符合語境。故選C項。
C
Hw t add green tech t yur hme
Green tech invlves cmbining technlgy and science t create envirnmentally friendly prducts. The idea is by using prducts and services in the hme t reduce energy cnsumptin, waste, r harmful effects n the envirnment, we can all help the planet. 11
Install smart light bulbs
One quick way t reduce energy use is t switch all yur light bulbs t energy-efficient versins called smart bulbs and use a virtual assistant t cntrl them. These bulbs tend t use abut 7 t 9.5 watts f pwer yet prvide the same amunt f light a 60-watt rdinary bulb ffers. 12 Just use yur phne t shut them dwn.
13
Smart plugs are a great ptin, t, fr cntrlling devices like televisins, cffee makers, r almst anything that plugs int a wall scket t wrk. Devices like these use energy just by being plugged in, s using yur phne r virtual assistant t turn the plugs n r ff as needed helps stp energy drain in its tracks.
Upcycle r recycle yur ld tech
Tech is everywhere in ur hmes, and when a device gets ld, we tend t replace it with a newer, better, faster versin. It’s kay t get the latest device, but why nt reuse and repurpse the lder nes? Fr example, yu can upcycle yur ld cmputers and laptps by repurpsing them int hme security mnitrs. Gt an ld Andrid phne? 14
It’s nt hard t start adding green tech t yur hme. 15 Once yu start, yu’ll quickly see hw cnvenient green tech can be and hw easy it is t start using it.
A. Add smart plugs everywhere
B. Frgt t turn ff the lights?
C. Anyne can achieve it easily.
D. Upcycle it int a remte cntrl fr yur TV.
E. Upcycle it instead f thrwing it int the dust bin.
F. The real difficulty is in deciding t take that first small step tday.
G. Belw are several quick and easy ideas yu can start using tday.
【答案】11. G 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. F
【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。介紹了如何將綠色科技添加到您的家中。
11. 根據(jù)前文“Green tech invlves cmbining technlgy and science t create envirnmentally friendly prducts. The idea is by using prducts and services in the hme t reduce energy cnsumptin, waste, r harmful effects n the envirnment, we can all help the planet.(綠色科技是指將技術(shù)和科學(xué)相結(jié)合，創(chuàng)造出對環(huán)境友好的產(chǎn)品。這個想法是通過在家里使用產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)來減少能源消耗、浪費或?qū)Νh(huán)境的有害影響，我們都可以幫助地球)”可知，本文的主題是介紹綠色科技，以及在家里使用綠色科技來減少能源消耗、浪費或?qū)Νh(huán)境的有害影響，所以G項“Belw are several quick and easy ideas yu can start using tday.(下面是幾個快速簡單的方法，你可以從今天開始使用)”承接上文，進(jìn)一步提出本文主題，引出下文。故選G項。
12. 根據(jù)前文“These bulbs tend t use abut 7 t 9.5 watts f pwer yet prvide the same amunt f light a 60-watt rdinary bulb ffers.(這些燈泡往往使用7到9.5瓦的功率，卻能提供與60瓦普通燈泡相同的亮度)”以及后文“Just use yur phne t shut them dwn.(用手機(jī)關(guān)掉他們就行了)”可知，前文內(nèi)容和后文無法連接，所以空處應(yīng)是一個過渡句，引出下文，B項“Frgt t turn ff the lights?(忘記關(guān)燈了?)”可知，下文是對此句的回答，且是介紹智能燈泡的方便，符合本段主題。故選B項。
13. 分析設(shè)空，是本段小標(biāo)題，應(yīng)是對本段的高度概括，根據(jù)下文“Smart plugs are a great ptin, t, fr cntrlling devices like televisins, cffee makers, r almst anything that plugs int a wall scket t wrk. Devices like these use energy just by being plugged in, s using yur phne r virtual assistant t turn the plugs n r ff as needed helps stp energy drain in its tracks.(智能插頭也是一個很好的選擇，可以用來控制電視、咖啡機(jī)或幾乎任何可以插在墻上插座上工作的設(shè)備。像這樣的設(shè)備只要插上電源就會消耗能量，所以使用你的手機(jī)或虛擬助手根據(jù)需要打開或關(guān)閉插頭有助于阻止能量的消耗)”可知，本段主要講述在家里使用智能插頭，所以A項“Add smart plugs everywhere(到處添加智能插頭)”符合本段主題，為本段小標(biāo)題。故選A項。
14. 根據(jù)前文“Fr example, yu can upcycle yur ld cmputers and laptps by repurpsing them int hme security mnitrs. Gt an ld Andrid phne?(例如，你可以升級你的舊電腦和筆記本電腦，把它們改造成家庭安全監(jiān)視器。你有一部舊的安卓手機(jī)嗎？)”可知，此處是針對本段主題在具體舉例，所以空處應(yīng)是說明把舊的安卓手機(jī)升級為“什么”，D項“Upcycle it int a remte cntrl fr yur TV.(將其升級為電視遙控器)”符合實際。故選D項。
15. 根據(jù)前文“It’s nt hard t start adding green tech t yur hme.(開始在家里添加綠色科技并不難)”以及后文“Once yu start, yu’ll quickly see hw cnvenient green tech can be and hw easy it is t start using it.(一旦你開始使用，你很快就會發(fā)現(xiàn)綠色科技是多么方便，開始使用它是多么容易)”可知，F(xiàn)項“The real difficulty is in deciding t take that first small step tday.(真正的困難在于今天決定邁出第一步)”承接上文，引出下文，符合文意。故選F項。
D
If yu will take a vacatin with yur family r friends, renting a yacht 游艇) in Cab is ne f the chices yu need t cnsider. A yacht is cmfrtable and gives yu the freedm while n vacatin. 16 .
It allws yu t explre different destinatins. 17 , renting a yacht can allw yu t d this ften withut the need t unlad yur baggage. It als allws yu t reach and see beaches which yu can nly reach by water.
18 . Renting a yacht culd be great if yu are lking fr an ideal envirnment fr relaxatin. Whether sailing acrss the cast r in calm waters, it allws yu t sit back and enjy viewing the beautiful scenery. 19 .
It allws yu t enjy yur privacy and persnal service. Renting a yacht fr a vacatin guarantees (保證) privacy and prvides an pprtunity t spend time with yur lved nes. 20 . The yacht wrkers will help yu get the best ut f yur vacatin and take care f yur persnal needs.
These abve are the reasns why yu may cnsider renting a yacht when ging fr a vacatin.
A. Of curse, there are many chices
B. Since yu will visit many places in Cab
C. It allws yu t experience ttal relaxatin
D. Because explring and privacy are the mst imprtant
E. Besides, yu have the chance t request persnal service
F. Here are sme ther benefits f renting a yacht fr yur trip
G. Renting a yacht will, thus, make yu get away frm the busy wrld
【答案】16. F 17. B 18. C 19. G 20. E
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了和家人在卡波度假時租游艇的好處。
16. 上文“A yacht is cmfrtable and gives yu the freedm while n vacatin.(游艇是舒適的，給你度假時的自由)”說明了租賃游艇的好處之一，F(xiàn)項“以下是租用游艇旅行的其他好處”承上啟下，統(tǒng)領(lǐng)全文，符合語境。故選F項。
17. 下文“renting a yacht can allw yu t d this ften withut the need t unlad yur baggage(租一艘游艇可以讓你經(jīng)常這樣做，而不需要卸下行李)”句中沒有連詞，空處句子必有連詞，并且包含“d this”的指代內(nèi)容，B項“因為你將參觀卡波的許多地方”符合語境，且“visit many places”與上文“explre different destinatins”相呼應(yīng)。故選B項。
18. 空處作為總起句，概括本段內(nèi)容，下文“Renting a yacht culd be great if yu are lking fr an ideal envirnment fr relaxatin.(如果你正在尋找一個理想的放松環(huán)境，租一艘游艇可能會很棒)”可知，本段說的是租一艘游艇會讓你很放松，故C項“它讓你體驗完全放松的感覺”符合語境，并與第二段和第四段的第一句話構(gòu)成排比句式。故選C項。
19. 上文“Whether sailing acrss the cast r in calm waters, it allws yu t sit back and enjy viewing the beautiful scenery.(無論是穿越海岸還是在平靜的水域航行，它都能讓你坐下來欣賞美麗的風(fēng)景)”，空處承接上文，G項“因此，租一艘游艇會讓你遠(yuǎn)離繁忙的世界”與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，乘坐游艇欣賞美麗的景色，享受完全放松的狀態(tài)，遠(yuǎn)離了繁忙的世界，符合語境。故選G項。
20. 上文“It allws yu t enjy yur privacy and persnal service. Renting a yacht fr a vacatin guarantees privacy and prvides an pprtunity t spend time with yur lved nes.(它允許您享受您的隱私和個人服務(wù)。租一艘游艇度假可以保證隱私，并提供與親人共度時光的機(jī)會)”提到租游艇可以讓你享受隱私和個人服務(wù)中的一點——保護(hù)隱私，接下來空處應(yīng)陳述另外一點--個人服務(wù)，E項“此外，您還有機(jī)會要求私人服務(wù)”符合語境。故選E項。
E
(2023山東棗莊高一上期末)What’ s a micr activity? I cnsider this questin abut the wrd “micr” whenever it appears.
21 Quite literally, it means “extremely small”. But in this article, a micr activity will refer t smething which takes up n mre than five minutes f yur time.
The fllwing recmmendatins are micr activities yu shuld d fr yur bdy.
Self-Massage(自我按摩)
Self-massaging shuld becme a part f yur daily musts. 22 As we get lder, ur muscles (肌肉) tighten. But if we self-massage, these muscles will feel cared fr. Accrding t the May Clinic, massage can reduce stress and increase relaxatin.
Intensive Exercise
There are many benefits f intensive exercise(高強(qiáng)度運動). And d yu knw what else it des fr yur bdy? It makes yur bdy realize it can d s much mre. In less than five minutes, the gal is t break a sweat. This can be frm running r lifting weights. 23
Let Lse
Whether it be dancing, skipping r smething else, ur bdy shuld d whatever it feels like ding withut judgment. 24 Thus we will feel happy and relaxed.
Be Still
25 Yur bdy lves mvement. But we must find a few mments f stillness thrughut ur day. By devting urselves t mre stillness, we can find urselves mre at peace and less stressed even under hard circumstances.
A. Did yu regret ding it?
B. What des it really mean?
C. Dn’t give yurself t much pressure.
D. It shuld be as necessary as brushing yur teeth r taking a shwer.
E. Every activity invlves sme srt f mvement.
F. The playful nature helps bring ut the inner child and prmtes creativity and jy.
G. It desn’t matter which activity yu chse, s lng as yu bring intensity t that wrkut.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. G 24. F 25. E
【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了微活動，即占用你不超過五分鐘時間的活動。
21. 下文“Quite literally, it means “extremely small”. But in this article, a micr activity will refer t smething which takes up n mre than five minutes f yur time.(確切地說，它的意思是“非常小”。但在本文中，微活動指的是占用你不超過五分鐘時間的活動。)”說明上文應(yīng)該提出問題，微活動的含義是什么。B選項“What des it really mean?(這到底意味著什么？)”提出了問題，下文就給了解釋。故選B.
22. 上文“Self-massaging shuld becme a part f yur daily musts.(自我按摩應(yīng)該成為你日常必備的一部分。)”說明自我按摩非常重要。刷牙和洗澡是每個人必備的日?；顒?。D選項“It shuld be as necessary as brushing yur teeth r taking a shwer.(這應(yīng)該和刷牙或洗澡一樣必要。)”這里作者表面自我按摩對每個人而言要跟刷牙和洗澡一樣每天都要進(jìn)行。符合上文所說日常按摩要成為日常必需的一部分。故選D.
23. 上文“In less than five minutes, the gal is t break a sweat. This can be frm running r lifting weights.(在不到五分鐘的時間里，我們的目標(biāo)是流汗。這可能來自跑步或舉重。)”說明微活動中的高強(qiáng)度運動的目標(biāo)是讓人們流汗。G選項“It desn’t matter which activity yu chse, s lng as yu bring intensity t that wrkut.(你選擇哪項運動并不重要，只要你能給訓(xùn)練帶來強(qiáng)度。)”符合上文作者說的無論你選擇哪種活動，都需要能達(dá)到流汗的強(qiáng)度。故選G.
24. 根據(jù)下文“Thus we will feel happy and relaxed.(這樣我們就會感到快樂和放松。)”可知，空格處的句子應(yīng)該說到“什么事讓我們感到快樂和放松”，所以F選項“The playful nature helps bring ut the inner child and prmtes creativity and jy.(頑皮的天性有助于激發(fā)內(nèi)心的童心，促進(jìn)創(chuàng)造力和快樂。)”填入空格處，和上文是順接關(guān)系，符合語境。故選F.
25. 根據(jù)下文“Yur bdy lves mvement. But we must find a few mments f stillness thrughut ur day. (你的身體喜歡運動。但我們必須在一天中找到一些安靜的時刻。)”和But說明前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。說明身體熱愛運動，每項活動都包含著身體的運動。但是也需要安靜的時刻。所以，E選項“Every activity invlves sme srt f mvement.(每一項活動都涉及到某種運動。)”填入空格處，符號語境。故選E.
F
Sandstrms are amng the mst vilent natural disasters. High winds lift dirt r sand int the air, causing damage, injuries, and deaths. 26
27 If yu have a mask, put it n immediately. If yu dn’t have ne, wrap a piece f clth tightly arund yur head t prtect yur nse and muth.
Lk fr shelter(避難所). Even a parked car will d, s lng as it is ff the rad and nt in danger f getting hit. Sand will fly arund when it hits bjects. 28 If yu cannt get t shelter, try t stay lw t the grund and prtect yur head with yur arms, a backpack r a pillw.
Prtect yurself frm flying bjects. Lk fr a large rck t cver as much f yur bdy as pssible. 29 Flying sand can hurt, but a dust strm’s high winds can als carry heavier (mre dangerus) bjects.
Wait ut the strm. 30 It’s much t dangerus. Stay where yu are and wait fr it t pass befre yu attempt t mve t a different lcatin. If yu can quickly reach such shelter befre a dust strm reaches yu, get there as quickly as pssible and stay inside. Clse all windws and drs, and wait ut the strm.
A. Cver yur nse and muth.
B. Wait ther peple t help yu.
C. Staying ut is a better chice.
D. Dn’t try t mve thrugh the strm.
E. This can prtect yu frm flying sand.
F. S yu shuld still try t cver as much f yur skin and face as pssible.
G. It’s gd t knw what t d if yu see a wall f sand.
【答案】26. G 27. A 28. F 29. E 30. D
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了面對沙塵暴我們應(yīng)該如何應(yīng)對。
26. 前文“Sandstrms are amng the mst vilent natural disasters. High winds lift dirt r sand int the air, causing damage, injuries, and deaths. (沙塵暴是最嚴(yán)重的自然災(zāi)害之一。強(qiáng)風(fēng)將泥土或沙子吹到空中，造成破壞、傷害和死亡。)”介紹沙塵暴的危害。結(jié)合選項，G項“如果你看到一堵沙墻，最好知道該怎么做。”承接上文，語意順承，而且是對下文每段中心句提供的方法的總述。故選G。
27. 下文“If yu dn’t have ne, wrap a piece f clth tightly arund yur head t prtect yur nse and muth. (如果你沒有口罩，用一塊布緊緊裹住你的頭，保護(hù)你的鼻子和嘴。)”介紹面對沙塵暴的做法。結(jié)合選項，A項“捂住口鼻?！睘楸径沃行木洌液拖挛恼Z意一致，且nse and muth是復(fù)現(xiàn)詞。故選A。
28. 前文“Sand will fly arund when it hits bjects. (沙子碰到物體時會四處亂飛。)”介紹飛沙的情況。結(jié)合選項，F(xiàn)項“所以你還是應(yīng)該盡可能多地遮住你的皮膚和臉?！背薪由衔?，說明飛沙會造成傷害，所以作者給出建議。故選F。
29. 前文“Lk fr a large rck t cver as much f yur bdy as pssible. (找一塊大石頭，盡可能多地遮掩你的身體。)”給出具體建議。結(jié)合選項，E項“這可以保護(hù)你免受飛沙的傷害?！闭f明前文建議的好處。故選E。
30. 前文“Wait ut the strm. (等沙塵暴過去。)”為中心句，為作者給出的建議，結(jié)合下一句“ It’s much t dangerus.(這樣做太危險)”。結(jié)合選項，D項“不要試圖穿過風(fēng)暴。”與中心句語意一致，后文的It指代“穿過風(fēng)暴”這件事。故選D。
G
Accrding t A Guide fr Families by the American Academy f Child and Adlescent Psychiatry, children, preteens, and teens can lie fr varying reasns. 31 Their upsetting situatins culd include failing a class. and ther struggles with things abut themselves r fitting in with their peers.
32 . This is nt t say that lying is acceptable, but the less parents take it persnally, the mre they can calmly and cnstructively help their child. Children and teens wh fall int anxiety easily will use lying as an unhealthy cping strategy.
What shuld a parent r caregiver d? Try t keep in mind that kids can be quite self-absrbed and they ften dn’t understand hw hurtful lies can be. With this in mind, here are a few tips t help prmte truthfulness in yur child at any age.
33 If yu verreact, then yu are just building a barrier between yu and yur child, Calmly discuss r lecture abut hnesty and dishnesty and why they chse t lie. 34 Yur understanding may nt be able t stp yur teen frm creating thse everyday lies, but yu can cnvey that there are ther ptins available.
Keep in mind that addressing lying behaviurs is a prcess nt a quick fix. 35 But if yu keep yur wn emtin psitively, yur child r teen is mre likely t eventually pen up.
While in the shrt term yu may just get a shrug, keeping yurself calm t create a sense f emtinal safety will help yur vice f truth and reasn be heard thrughut their lives.
A. Get them t knw that yu understand them r their situatins.
B. Try t seek sme help frm experts wh understand them well.
C. Sme kids may take a while befre they feel safe t level with yu.
D. When I cach parents, I help them learn nt t take lies frm their kids persnally.
E. They try t avid getting int truble r lie because they are t upset t talk abut painful experiences.
F. Lying is nt nly harmful t kids then selves, but als it hurts peple arund them.
G. The best yu can d as a parent is t keep yurself frm verreacting t yur child’s lies.
【答案】31. E 32. D 33. G 34. A 35. C
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章為父母提供了如何幫助孩子改掉說謊的毛病，并使其變得更加坦誠的一些方法。
31. 上文“children, preteens, and teens can lie fr varying reasns.”(兒童、青春期前和青少年會因為各種各樣的原因撒謊)提出孩子會因為種種原因撒謊，E選項的“They try t avid getting int truble r lie because they are t upset t talk abut painful experiences.”(他們試圖避免陷入麻煩，或者因為他們太難過，不想談?wù)撏纯嗟慕?jīng)歷而撒謊)承接上文，給出一些孩子撒謊的原因，上下文語意連貫，故選E。
32. 根據(jù)下文“This is nt t say that lying is acceptable,”(這不是說說謊是可以接受的)可推知，上文會表達(dá)類似“說謊是可以接受的”這一觀點，D選項“When I cach parents, I help them learn nt t take lies frm their kids persnally.”(當(dāng)我指導(dǎo)父母時，我?guī)椭麄儗W(xué)會不要把孩子的謊言放在心上)表達(dá)了這樣的意思，與下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，上下文語意連貫，故選D。
33. 根據(jù)下文“If yu verreact”(如果你過度反應(yīng))可知，話題與“過度反應(yīng)”相關(guān)，G項“The best yu can d as a parent is t keep yurself frm verreacting t yur child’s lies.”(作為父母，你能做的最好的事情就是不要對孩子的謊言反應(yīng)過度)與下文相呼應(yīng)，上下文語意連貫，故選G。
34. 根據(jù)下文“Yur understanding may nt be able t stp yur teen frm creating thse everyday lies, but yu can cnvey that there are ther ptins available.”(你的理解可能無法阻止你的孩子制造那些日常謊言，但你可以傳達(dá)出還有其他選擇)可知，此處談?wù)摰氖抢斫獾淖饔?，A項“Get them t knw that yu understand them r their situatins”(讓他們知道你理解他們或他們的處境。)，前后語義相承接，故選A。
35. 根據(jù)上文“Keep in mind that addressing lying behaviurs is a prcess nt a quick fix.”(請記住，解決撒謊行為是一個過程，而不是一個快速解決方案)可知，解決撒謊行為沒有快速解決辦法，C項“Sme kids may take a while befre they feel safe t level with yu.”(有些孩子可能需要一段時間才會覺得和你說實話是安全的)承接上文，指出需要時間，上下文語意連貫，故選C。
H
Fur Tips t Discver Yur True Passin
True passin is the emtin, feeling, and desire that arises ut f lve fr smething. It’s the frce that magnifies(放大) yur capabilities fr the benefit f excellent perfrmance. This is because it’s a pwerful mtivatin fr best perfrmance and everyne wants t get there. 36 Finding what yu’re passinate abut is a lng rad that requires effrt and the fllwing are sme useful tips.
Search yur childhd.
The purity and truth f yur being are in the early stages f life. T that end, ging back t the things yu lved back then is always an excellent indicatin f marked preferences. Did yu want t be a dctr? 37 These are all clues that begin t pint the way. While it’s true that children have several preferences in their early stages, it’s actually quite easy t figure ut which they priritize(優(yōu)先考慮).
Experiment and discver.
Ding the same activities day after day clses any prbabilities t succeed in finding yur true passin. 38 This creates a trial-and-errr scenari(設(shè)想) that prmtes a psitive utcme in less time.
Fcus t find yur true passin.
Yu must frget abut the myth that ding what yu’re passinate abut will be easy and pleasant. This is because there’ll always be incnveniences in any activity yu undertake. Beynd that, dn’t lse fcus n the fact that these are temprary mments. 39
Remember that yur age desn’t matter.
40 Encuraging yurself t take the first step can be difficult due t sme f sciety’s bslete(被淘汰的) barriers. The truth is that yu must allw yurself t achieve and shw yur tastes leaving aside any bstacles, especially thse that are self-impsed(自己強(qiáng)加的). It’s never t late!
A. Were yu interested in insects?
B. Take a variety f curses each mnth.
C. D yu knw the meaning f passin?
D. Age isn’t necessary t find ut yur true passin.
E. Be calm while finding ut yur mtivatin.
F. It’s vital t figure ut what yu’re passinate abut.
G. Understanding this will make it easier t keep mtivated.
【答案】36. F 37. A 38. B 39. G 40. D
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了找到真正激情所在的方法。
36. 上文“True passin is the emtin, feeling, and desire that arises ut f lve fr smething. It’s the frce that magnifies (放大) yur capabilities fr the benefit f excellent perfrmance. This is because it’s a pwerful mtivatin fr best perfrmance and everyne wants t get there.(真正的激情是因愛某物而產(chǎn)生的情感、感覺和欲望。它是一種力量，可以放大你的能力，從而獲得卓越的表現(xiàn)。這是因為它是一種強(qiáng)大的動力，可以讓每個人都取得最好的成績)”講passin的作用和可以帶來的好處，下文“Finding what yu’re passinate abut is a lng rad that requires effrt and the fllwing are sme useful tips.(找到你的激情所在是一條漫長的道路，需要付出努力，下面是一些有用的建議)”提出如何找到激情所在，F(xiàn)項“It’s vital t figure ut what yu’re passinate abut. (找出你的激情所在是至關(guān)重要的)”承上啟下，因為激情能帶來好處，所以要找到自己激情所在，從而引出下文的方法，符合上下文連貫。故選F項。
37. 根據(jù)上文“ging back t the things yu lved back then”可知，作者推薦回到童年去尋找自己喜歡的事情，A項“Were yu interested in insects?(你對昆蟲感興趣嗎？)”和前一問題“Did yu want t be a dctr?(你想成為一名醫(yī)生嗎？)”都是童年興趣時期兒童興趣所在，同時，這兩個問題也照應(yīng)了下文“These are all clues”，符合上下文連貫。故選A項。
38. 上文“Ding the same activities day after day clses any prbabilities t succeed in finding yur true passin.(日復(fù)一日地做同樣的事情，讓你很難找到真正的激情)”講重復(fù)的工作無法幫助我們找到激情，B項“Take a variety f curses each mnth.(每個月參加各種各樣的課程)”提出了解決辦法：學(xué)習(xí)各種各樣的課程，避免重復(fù)，且同時與下文中“This creates a trial-and-errr scenari”相照應(yīng)，符合上下文連貫。故選B項。
39. 上文“Yu must frget abut the myth that ding what yu’re passinate abut will be easy and pleasant. This is because there’ll always be incnveniences in any activity yu undertake. Beynd that, dn’t lse fcus n the fact that these are temprary mments. (你必須忘記那種認(rèn)為做你熱愛的事情會輕松愉快的說法。這是因為在你從事的任何活動中，總會有不便的地方。除此之外，不要忽視這樣一個事實：這些都是短暫的時刻)”糾正了一些錯誤的觀點，G項“Understanding this will make it easier t keep mtivated.(理解這一點會讓你更容易保持動力)”說明明白這些道理后的結(jié)果，符合上下文連貫。故選G項。
40. 根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Remember that yur age desn’t matter.(記住，你的年齡并不重要)”可知，本段主要講年齡不是問題，D項“Age isn’t necessary t find ut yur true passin.(找到你真正的激情，年齡并不是必要條件)”與段落主題一致，符合上下文連貫。故選D項。
I
These days when smene says a cmputer has a bug(小蟲子) in it, usually they mean that there’s a prblem with ne f its prgrams. Maybe yur cmputer crashed when yu were in the middle f a game. 41
But back in the early days f cmputers, a wman named Grace Hpper was part f a team that discvered the very first cmputer bug.
42 She had been invited t help prgram a new cmputer, the jb f which was t quickly deal with the math prblems ships used t find their way. 43 Then it translated the patterns f hles int the math prblems it was suppsed t slve.
One afternn in 1947 Hpper and her team were running a prgram. But the cmputer wasn’t giving them the right results. 44 They finally ended up taking the cmputer apart, lking fr prblems. What did they find? It was a mth(飛蛾)! The mth was blcking sme f the hles in the paper— 45 Sme peple think Hpper was the first persn t use the wrd “debug” t mean “get rid f the prblems in a cmputer”.
A. What culd be wrng?
B. Hpper was a mathematician.
C. Wh had perated the cmputer?
D. Hpper was a hardwrking scientist.
E. She thught it was funny that it was a real ne.
F. Or yu gt an errr message when yu tried t g t a website.
G. The cmputer wrked by reading instructins frm a lng piece f paper with hles in it.
【答案】41. F 42. B 43. G 44. A 45. E
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章告訴我們，有些人認(rèn)為Hpper是第一個使用“debug”這個詞的人，意思是“擺脫電腦中的問題”?，F(xiàn)在，當(dāng)有人說電腦里有一個漏洞時，通常他們的意思是說它的一個程序有問題。
41. 上文提到“也許你的電腦在游戲中崩潰了。”承接上文，F(xiàn)項 Or yu gt an errr message when yu tried t g t a website.“或者當(dāng)你試圖去一個網(wǎng)站的時候，你收到了一條錯誤信息?！鼻蓄}。該項中的r將上下文串聯(lián)在一起。故選F項。
42. 下文提到“她被邀請去幫助編寫一臺新電腦，這項工作的任務(wù)是快速處理船只用來尋找道路的數(shù)學(xué)問題?！背薪酉挛?，B項Hpper was a mathematician.“Hpper是一個數(shù)學(xué)家”切題。該項中的a mathematician與下文的the math prblems相吻合。故選B項。
43. 上文提到“”她被邀請去幫助編寫一臺新電腦，這項工作的任務(wù)是快速處理船只用來尋找道路的數(shù)學(xué)問題”。承接上文，G項The cmputer wrked by reading instructins frm a lng piece f paper with hles in it.“這臺電腦的工作原理是閱讀一張上面有洞長紙上的說明?！鼻蓄}。該項中的The cmputer正好特指上文提到的a new cmputer。故選G項。
44. 下文提到“他們最終把電腦拆開，尋找問題?！背薪酉挛?，A項What culd be wrng?“出什么錯了嗎”切題。該項中的wrng與下文的prblems相吻合。故選A項。
45. 上文提到“那是一只蛾子！這只蛾子擋住了紙上的一些洞?！背薪由衔?，E項She thught it was funny that it was a real ne.“她認(rèn)為這是真的很有趣?！鼻蓄}。故選E項。
J
The Lantern Festival, a traditinal Chinese festival, is celebrated n the 15th day f the first lunar mnth. And it falls n Tuesday this year. 46 The day leads t the first full mn night f the year, and is als the night when the earth returns t spring.
It was als a rmantic festival in ancient China, prviding an pprtunity fr unmarried men and wmen t meet. 47 But during the Lantern Festival, it is a traditin that all peple? including thse yung wmen，cme ut fr lantern shws. Peple hang lanterns everywhere, in their huse r in the streets, which depict varius characters, like flying birds, leaping fishes, and shining firewrks, shwing an atmsphere f jy. 48 .
Anther activity，guessing the answers t lantern riddles，gave yung peple a chance t interact with each ther and knw mre abut each ther. Fr thusands f years, there have been numerus lve stries riginating during the Lantern Festival.
Besides watching lanterns and guessing the answers t lantern riddles，there are many ther traditins fr the festival.
1. Dragn lantern dance
49 At the festival, peple perfrm dragn lantern dances and lk frward t this year’s gd weather and peace.
2. Lin Dances
It is similar t the dragn lantern dance，delivering gd wishes and gd luck.
3. Eating yuanxia
Eating yuanxia n Lantern Festival is anther traditin. 50 The stuffing includes bean paste, sugar，hawthrn varius kinds f fruit and s n. It can be biled, fried r steamed t eat.
A. Chinese peple regard the dragn as a symbl f gd luck.
B. Here is a guide fr yu t spend a happy I intern Festival.
C. Yuanxia is made f glutinus rice, either slid r stuffed.
D. Almst all peple will cme ut and appreciate the beautiful scene.
E. As a traditinal fd, YuanXia appeals t a lt f peple.
F. In ancient times, yung wmen, especially daughters f respected families, hardly stepped ut their huses.
G. It is a cntinuatin f celebrating the Spring Festival.
【答案】46. G 47. F 48. D 49. A 50. C
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了中國的元宵節(jié)。
46. 由上句“The Lantern Festival, a traditinal Chinese festival, is celebrated n the 15th day f the first lunar mnth. And it falls n Tuesday this year”可知，元宵節(jié)是中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，農(nóng)歷正月十五是元宵節(jié)。今年元宵節(jié)是星期二。所以小題1要承接上文，在時間上說明它是新年的延續(xù)。故G選項“它是慶祝春節(jié)的延續(xù)”切題。故選G項。
47. 由下句“But during the Lantern Festival, it is a traditin that all peple including thse yung wmen，cme ut fr lantern shws”可知，但是在元宵節(jié)，這是所有人的傳統(tǒng)，包括未出嫁的女子都要出來觀花燈。所以通過“but”可以判讀出，所以小題2要與后一句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故F選項“在古代，年輕的女子，特別是大家閨秀，很少走出家門”切題。故選F項。
48. 由上句“Peple hang lanterns everywhere, in their huse r in the streets, which depict varius characters, like flying birds, leaping fishes, and shining firewrks, shwing an atmsphere f jy”可知，人們在家里或街上到處掛上燈籠，上面畫著飛鳥、飛魚、焰火等各種各樣的人物，表現(xiàn)出歡樂的氣氛。所以小題3要總結(jié)性地說明幾乎所有的人都會出來欣賞這美麗的景色以此說明元宵節(jié)的熱鬧場面。故D選項“幾乎所有的人都會出來欣賞這美麗的景色”切題。故選D項。
49. 由標(biāo)題“ Dragn lantern dance”可知，本段在介紹元宵節(jié)的活動之一龍燈舞。所以小題4要說明龍在中國文化中的象征意義。故A選項“中國人把龍視為吉祥的象征”切題。故選A項。
50. 由下句“The stuffing includes bean paste, sugar，hawthrn and varius kinds f fruit and s n”可知，餡料包括豆沙、糖、山楂等各種水果。所以小題5要說明元宵的皮兒是什么制成的和后一句一同說明元宵的組成。故C選項“元宵是用糯米做成的，要么是實心的，要么是餡的?！鼻蓄}。故選C項。
K
(2023浙江寧波高一上期末)An earthquake happens when tw plates rub tgether. The earth plates travel in different directins and at different speeds. 51 In ther wrds, earthquakes are the shaking f the earth’s surface caused by the earth’s rcky uter layer. The energy stred within is suddenly released.
The damage an earthquake causes depends n where it is and when it is happening. If an unppulated regin is struck, there will be lw lss f life r prperty. 52 Many f the areas at risk are largely ppulated nw. Majr earthquakes hitting thse areas tday culd prduce terrible damage.
53 Frtunately, hwever, mst f them are unnticed t the public because f the small Richter scale(震級). But large earthquakes such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 9.2 n the Richter scale, can cause millins f dllars in damage.
54 In 1972, a series f severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still lked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the city was in such a mess that it didn’t have the mney necessary t rebuild it.
The shaking f the earth is smetimes nt the greatest disaster. 55 In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majrity f the damage. An earthquake can als destry dams high abve a city r valleys, causing flds t sweep away everything in their path.
A. Actually, there are several millin small earthquakes every year.
B. It is in the fires and flds that ften the greatest damage ccurs.
C. Thrughut histry, there are numerus destructive big earthquakes.
D. If it hits a large city, there may be many injuries and much destructin.
E. S it is f great imprtance t predict the mvements f the earth plates.
F. If ne plate is slwly frced under the ther, pressure builds up until the plates break apart.
G. The destructive damage f an earthquake can cntinue fr years after the first shake.
【答案】51. F 52. D 53. A 54. G 55. B
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了地震形成的原因、影響等。
51. 由上文“An earthquake happens when tw plates rub tgether. The earth plates travel in different directins and at different speeds. (當(dāng)兩個板塊相互摩擦?xí)r，就會發(fā)生地震。地球板塊以不同的方向和速度運動。)”可知，本空要說跟“運動導(dǎo)致地震”有關(guān)的話題，故F選項“If ne plate is slwly frced under the ther, pressure builds up until the plates break apart. (如果一個板塊被慢慢壓在另一個板塊下面，壓力就會積聚起來，直到板塊破裂。)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選F。
52. 由下文“Many f the areas at risk are largely ppulated nw. Majr earthquakes hitting thse areas tday culd prduce terrible damage. (許多面臨風(fēng)險的地區(qū)現(xiàn)在人口眾多。今天襲擊這些地區(qū)的大地震可能會造成可怕的破壞。)”可知，本空要說跟“大地震襲擊人口眾多地區(qū)”有關(guān)的話題，故D選項“If it hits a large city, there may be many injuries and much destructin. (如果它襲擊一個大城市，可能會有很多人受傷和造成很大破壞。)”能引起下文，也能與上文“If an unppulated regin is struck, there will be lw lss f life r prperty.(如果一個無人居住的地區(qū)被襲擊，生命或財產(chǎn)損失將很低)”形成對比。故選D。
53. 由下文“Frtunately, hwever, mst f them are unnticed t the public because f the small Richter scale (震級). But large earthquakes such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 9.2 n the Richter scale, can cause millins f dllars in damage. (然而，幸運的是，由于里氏震級較小，大多數(shù)地震都沒有引起公眾的注意。但是像1964年阿拉斯加9.2級地震這樣的大地震會造成數(shù)百萬美元的損失。)”可知，本空要說跟“小地震”有關(guān)的話題，故A選項“Actually, there are several millin small earthquakes every year. (事實上，每年都有幾百萬次小地震。)”能引起下文，符合題意。故選A。
54. 由下文“In 1972, a series f severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still lked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the city was in such a mess that it didn’t have the mney necessary t rebuild it. (1972年，尼加拉瓜的馬那瓜發(fā)生了一系列強(qiáng)烈地震。15年后，這座城市仍然是地震發(fā)生后一周的樣子，因為這座城市一團(tuán)糟，沒有必要的資金來重建它。)”可知，本空要說跟“地震后持續(xù)數(shù)年的影響”有關(guān)的話題，故G選項“The destructive damage f an earthquake can cntinue fr years after the first shake. (地震的毀滅性破壞可能在第一次地震后持續(xù)數(shù)年。)”能引起下文，符合題意。故選G。
55. 由下文“In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majrity f the damage. An earthquake can als destry dams high abve a city r valleys, causing flds t sweep away everything in their path. (在1906年的地震中，造成最大損失的是地震后引發(fā)的大火。地震還可以摧毀城市或山谷上方的大壩，引發(fā)洪水，席卷所到之處的一切。)”可知，本空要說跟“地震引發(fā)的火災(zāi)和洪水的破壞”有關(guān)的話題，故B選項“It is in the fires and flds that ften the greatest damage ccurs. (火災(zāi)和洪水往往造成最大的破壞。)”能引起下文，符合題意。故選B。
L
(2023廣東珠海高一上階段練習(xí))A tsunami is an extremely large wave in the sea caused by an earthquake at the sea bed. The fllwing safety tips may help yu deal with it.
Befre the tsunami
Knw the warning signs f a tsunami: rapidly rising r falling castal waters, a lud nise frm the cean, r rumblings f an earthquake. “If peple alng the Indian Ocean castline n December 26, 2004, were aware f these natural warnings, fewer peple wuld have died.” says an expert. 56 And yu’d better map yur evacuatin(疏散) rute.
During the tsunami
● If yu’re in a tsunami area and there is an earthquake, first drp t the flr, cver yur head and neck, and hld n t smething stable. 57
● 58 “Listen t the authrities, but d nt wait fr tsunami warnings and evacuatin rders,” suggests the U.S. site Ready.gv.
● Peple ften mistake the distance they have t g t be safe. “Many peple think they’ve gt t g miles,” Richards says. “ 59 ” If yu’re a visitr staying in a tall cncrete htel, he adds, ging abve the furth flr likely will be safer than evacuating.
● Stay put in a safe area until an fficial all-clear is given. The first wave may nt be the last r the strngest and the danger can last fr hurs r even days.
After the tsunami
First, stay clear f damaged r flded areas and dwned pwer lines. Meanwhile, listen fr further alerts and instructins abut evacuatin znes and shelters. 60 Phne systems are likely t be dwn r busy at that time.
A. But it might be just right behind Jhnny’s huse.
B. But they can als cme back as sn as pssible.
C. If yu’re in a lw-lying area, mve inland as sn as pssible.
D. Take the warnings seriusly, and strictly fllw the requirements.
E. Listen fr fficial warnings, but als listen and watch fr natural signs.
F. Besides, yu shuld be familiar with yur gvernment’s warning system.
G. Yu’d better use texts and scial media t cmmunicate with lved nes.
【答案】56. F 57. C 58. E 59. A 60. G
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了在海嘯發(fā)生之前、之中、之后的一些安全建議。
56. 前文“‘If peple alng the Indian Ocean castline n December 26, 2004, were aware f these natural warnings, fewer peple wuld have died.’ says an expert.(一位專家表示：‘如果2004年12月26日印度洋沿岸的人們意識到這些自然警告，死亡人數(shù)就會減少。’)”舉例講述了自然警告有助于降低傷害，后文“And yu’d better map yur evacuatin(疏散) rute.(你最好畫出撤離路線。)”講述了畫撤離路線的作用，所以空處應(yīng)講述其他在海嘯來臨之前能夠采取的措施，F(xiàn)項“此外，你應(yīng)該熟悉政府的預(yù)警系統(tǒng)?！狈项}意。故選F。
57. 前文“If yu’re in a tsunami area and there is an earthquake, first drp t the flr, cver yur head and neck, and hld n t smething stable.(如果你在海嘯地區(qū)，并且發(fā)生了地震，首先趴在地板上，蓋住你的頭和脖子，抓住穩(wěn)定的東西。)”講述了在發(fā)生了地震的海嘯地區(qū)應(yīng)該采取的做法，空處應(yīng)講述在其他地方應(yīng)該怎么做，C項“如果你在低洼地區(qū)，盡快向內(nèi)陸移動?！狈项}意，選項中的If yu’re in a lw-lying area和前文的If yu’re in a tsunami area and there is an earthquake相照應(yīng)。故選C。
58. 根據(jù)后文“‘Listen t the authrities, but d nt wait fr tsunami warnings and evacuatin rders,’ suggests the U.S. site Ready.gv.(美國網(wǎng)站Ready.gv建議：‘聽取當(dāng)局的意見，但不要等待海嘯警報和疏散命令?！?”可知，這里應(yīng)是說在聽取官方警告的同時也要注意自然跡象，E項“傾聽官方警告，但也要傾聽和注意自然跡象。”符合題意。故選E。
59. 前文“Peple ften mistake the distance they have t g t be safe. ‘Many peple think they’ve gt t g miles,’ Richards says.(人們經(jīng)常誤會他們必須走的安全距離。Richards說：‘很多人認(rèn)為他們必須走好幾英里?！?”講述了人們經(jīng)常誤以為自己要走很遠(yuǎn)才能到安全地帶，空處應(yīng)講述真實的情況可能與其相反，A項“但它可能就在Jhnny的房子后面。”符合題意。故選A。
60. 后文“Phne systems are likely t be dwn r busy at that time.(此時，電話系統(tǒng)可能會出現(xiàn)故障或繁忙。)”講述了海嘯之后電話系統(tǒng)可能有故障或者線路繁忙，所以空處應(yīng)和通訊有關(guān)，G項“你最好使用短信和社交媒體與所愛的人交流。”符合題意。故選G。
M
Hw t Survive a Tsunami
A tsunami is a series f destructive and dangerus waves that are typically caused by earthquakes. If yu live in a tsunami hazard regin, make sure yu knw what t d in the unfrtunate event f a tsunami. 61
1. Evacuate n ft if pssible.
Bridges and rads might be damaged r blcked after an earthquake. Whether there is an fficial tsunami warning r yu live in a tsunami hazard zne and an earthquake just happened, immediately start mving n ft. 62 This helps yu avid getting stuck in a car in a dangerus lcatin.
2. 63
In sme cases, yu might nt have time t evacuate. If yu dn’t have time t get away, g up t a third flr r higher in a strng building. Even better, try t get n the rf f the tallest, strngest building yu can find. If yu’re right n the cast, there might be a tall tsunami evacuatin twer nearby. Lk fr evacuatin rute signs and fllw them t the twer, then climb t the tp.
3. Grab smething flating if yu’re in the water.
This can help keep yu safe if yu get caught by a tsunami’s waves. 64 Grab the bject and hld n tightly while yu get carried by the waves.
4. 65
Tsunami activity can cntinue fr up t 8 hurs r lnger. Stay away frm the cast and n high grund fr this perid t play it safe. Listen t annuncements frm fficials and nly mve when they say it’s safe t d s.
Yu may be stressed ut and wrried abut lved nes, but yu must stay where yu are and try t remain calm. Dn’t put yur life at risk t try t meet up with smene in anther area.
A. Lk fr a bat t stay n.
B. Walk r run twards safety quickly.
C. Stay in yur safe spt fr at least 8 hurs.
D. Climb t the tp f a building if yu are trapped.
E. Here are sme ways t react and survive a tsunami.
F. Lk fr smething strng like a tree, a dr r a life raft.
G. Jin the rescue team in rder t search fr yur lved nes.
【答案】61. E 62. B 63. D 64. F 65. C
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了在海嘯中生存的方法。
61. 上文“If yu live in a tsunami hazard regin, make sure yu knw what t d in the unfrtunate event f a tsunami.(如果你生活在海嘯危險地區(qū)，一定要知道萬一發(fā)生海嘯該怎么辦)”說明你應(yīng)該知道應(yīng)對海嘯的方法，E項“以下是一些應(yīng)對海嘯并在海嘯中幸存下來的方法?！背薪由衔?，并引出下文各個段落的內(nèi)容，符合題意。故選E。
62. 上文“Whether there is an fficial tsunami warning r yu live in a tsunami hazard zne and an earthquake just happened, immediately start mving n ft.(無論是有官方海嘯警報，還是你生活在海嘯危險區(qū)，剛剛發(fā)生地震，都要立即開始步行移動)”說明當(dāng)海嘯來臨時，你應(yīng)該采用步行的方式，B項“快速走或跑向安全地帶?！边M(jìn)一步介紹應(yīng)該步行前往安全地帶，引出下文“這有助于你避免在危險的地方被困在車?yán)??！保珺項承上啟下，符合題意。故選B。
63. 下文“If yu dn’t have time t get away, g up t a third flr r higher in a strng building. Even better, try t get n the rf f the tallest, strngest building yu can find. If yu’re right n the cast, there might be a tall tsunami evacuatin twer nearby. Lk fr evacuatin rute signs and fllw them t the twer, then climb t the tp.(如果你沒有時間離開，就去一棟堅固的建筑的三樓或更高的地方。更好的是，試著爬上你能找到的最高、最堅固的建筑的屋頂。如果你正好在海岸邊，附近可能有一座很高的海嘯疏散塔。尋找疏散路線標(biāo)志，并跟隨它們到達(dá)塔樓，然后爬到頂部)”說明被困時，要爬到高的地方或者建筑物的頂部，D項“如果你被困了，就爬到建筑物的頂部?！币鱿挛膬?nèi)容，可以作為段落標(biāo)題句。故選D。
64. 上文“Grab smething flating if yu’re in the water.(如果你在水里，抓一些漂浮的東西)”說明如果已經(jīng)在水里，你應(yīng)該抓著一些漂浮的東西，F(xiàn)項“尋找像樹、門或救生筏這樣堅固的東西?！迸e例說明可以抓住的漂浮的東西有什么，承接上文，符合題意。故選F。
65. 下文“Tsunami activity can cntinue fr up t 8 hurs r lnger. Stay away frm the cast and n high grund fr this perid t play it safe.(海嘯活動可能持續(xù)長達(dá)8小時或更長時間。在此期間，請遠(yuǎn)離海岸，待在高地以確保安全)”說明海嘯持續(xù)的時長，你應(yīng)該在此期間遠(yuǎn)離海岸，待在高地以確保安全，C項“在你的安全地點至少待8個小時?！币鱿挛膬?nèi)容，可以作為段落標(biāo)題句，符合題意。故選C。
N
Hw t Survive a Tsunami n the Beach
The wrd tsunami is frm Japanese. It describes a series f waves that can reach ver 100 feet tall and travel at speeds up t 600 miles per hur acrss the sea. A single wave in a tsunami can be quite lng, as much as 60 miles, causing great damage. 66
Yur best chance fr surviving a tsunami n a beach is t pay attentin t the warning signs, stay away frm the shre after an earthquake, and get t high land. Then wait fr infrmatin frm disaster respnse grups.
67 With yur family, discuss hw yu’ll reach the evacuatin area (緊急疏散區(qū)) as sn as pssible.
The sner yu knw a tsunami is cming the better yur chance f making it t higher grund. 68
·Head fr high grund, get at least 100 feet abve sea level.
· 69
·Dn’t swim against the current.
As yu learn hw t survive a tsunami, remember the first wave in a series f waves is the smallest and weakest. 70 If yu’re in a bat at the beach, head ut int the cean. Yu’ll stand a better chance away f survival away frm the shreline.
A. That’s why it’s crucial t knw hw t survive a Tsunami.
B. Grab smething like a tree r smething that flat, like a raft.
C. The waves fllwing an earthquake may cntinue fr hurs r up t a day.
D. That’s why it’s essential t learn the early warning signs t survive a tsunami.
E. If it’s t late, and the water’s already rising, here’s what t d in a tsunami.
F. Yur best chance fr surviving a tsunami n a beach is t pay attentin t the warning signs.
G. Whether yu’re visiting r living in a tsunami zne, learn where the clsest place is ut f the tsunami’s reach.
【答案】66. A 67. G 68. E 69. B 70. F
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何在海灘上躲避海嘯。
66. 根據(jù)前文“The wrd tsunami is frm Japanese. It describes a series f waves that can reach ver 100 feet tall and travel at speeds up t 600 miles per hur acrss the sea. A single wave in a tsunami can be quite lng, as much as 60 miles, causing great damage. (海嘯這個詞來自日語。它描述了一系列海浪，可以達(dá)到100英尺高，以每小時600英里的速度穿越大海。海嘯中的單個波浪可以很長，長達(dá)60英里，造成巨大的破壞。)”可知，此處是指海嘯非?？膳?，所以學(xué)會如何在海嘯中幸存下來非常重要，所以選項A“這就是為什么知道如何在海嘯中生存是至關(guān)重要的。”切合文意。故選A。
67. 根據(jù)后文“With yur family, discuss hw yu’ll reach the evacuatin area (緊急疏散區(qū)) as sn as pssible. (和你的家人商量怎樣才能盡快到達(dá)疏散區(qū)。)”可知，此處是指要事先了解海嘯的緊急疏散區(qū)，所以選項G“無論你是在海嘯災(zāi)區(qū)旅游還是居住，都要了解離海嘯最近的地方在哪里?！鼻泻衔囊?。故選G。
68. 根據(jù)前文“The sner yu knw a tsunami is cming the better yur chance f making it t higher grund. (你越早知道海嘯即將來臨，你就越有可能逃到高處。)”和后文“Head fr high grund, get at least 100 feet abve sea level. (前往高地，至少在海平面以上100英尺。)”可知，此處是指如果已經(jīng)晚了應(yīng)該做什么，所以選項E“如果太晚了，而海水已經(jīng)在上漲，下面是在海嘯中該做的事情?！鼻泻衔囊?。故選E。
69. 根據(jù)前文“Head fr high grund, get at least 100 feet abve sea level. (前往高地，至少在海平面以上100英尺。)”和后文“Dn’t swim against the current. (不要逆水游泳。)”可知，此處是指海水已經(jīng)在上漲時在海嘯中該做的事情，且應(yīng)用祈使句，所以選項B“找一些像樹或者像木筏一樣可以漂浮的東西?！鼻泻衔囊?。故選B。
70. 根據(jù)前文“As yu learn hw t survive a tsunami, remember the first wave in a series f waves is the smallest and weakest. (當(dāng)你學(xué)習(xí)如何在海嘯中生存時，記住在一系列海浪中，第一波是最小和最弱的。)”和后文“If yu’re in a bat at the beach, head ut int the cean. Yu’ll stand a better chance away f survival away frm the shreline. (如果你在海灘上的船上，那就駛向大海。離開海岸線，你的生存機(jī)會更大。)”可知，此處是指如果在海灘上就要注意警報從而可以在第一波海浪中駛離海岸線，所以選項F“Yur best chance fr surviving a tsunami n a beach is t pay attentin t the warning signs. (在海灘上躲過海嘯的最好機(jī)會就是注意警告信號。)”切合文意。故選F。
O
A fld can develp slwly, ver time r rapidly, as in the case f flash flds which can develp in just a few minutes and withut signs f rain.
71 This is the first thing that a persn shuld d. It is unwise t just depend n histry t decide whether yur area is at risk f flding.
Create an evacuatin plan in case yu have t evacuate yur hme. Pay attentin t the safe areas yu can g t. Prepare fd kits fr natural disasters that yu can easily take with yu if yu have t leave yur huse. 72
If there is a pssibility f a flash fld, leave yur hme and mve t higher grund at nce. D nt wait fr instructins t mve. Evacuatin may als cause a shrtage in the fd supply. 73 T survive, ne must depend n fd strage.
While evacuating, avid walking thrugh mving water. Even six inches f mving water can make yu fall. If yu have t walk in water, walk where the water is nt mving. 74
D nt drive int flded areas. If fldwaters rise arund yur car, abandn (舍棄) the car and mve t higher grund, when water is nt mving r nt mre than a few inches deep. 75 If yur car is trapped in rapidly mving water, stay in the car. If the water is rising inside the car, mve n t the rf (頂部).
A. They dn’t knw where t lk fr shelter.
B. Yu and the car can be swept away quickly.
C. Use a stick t check the grund in frnt f yu.
D. Be aware if the area yu’re at is at risk f a fld.
E. There is n telling when anther fld may happen.
F. It wuld help t stre fd fr emergency situatins.
G. During these cnditins, hunger becmes a very real prblem.
【答案】71. D 72. F 73. G 74. C 75. B
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在洪水來臨時人們應(yīng)該如何自救。
71. 根據(jù)后文的“This is the first thing that a persn shuld d.(這是一個人應(yīng)該做的第一件事。)”可知，D項(注意你所在的地區(qū)是否有洪水的危險。)與下文連接通順，this指代的是D項提到的“注意發(fā)生洪水的風(fēng)險”。故選D項。
72. 根據(jù)前文的“Prepare fd kits fr natural disasters that yu can easily take with yu if yu have t leave yur huse. (準(zhǔn)備好應(yīng)對自然災(zāi)害的食物包，如果你必須離開你的房子，你可以很容易地隨身攜帶。)”可知，F(xiàn)項(這將有助于為緊急情況儲存食物。)承接上文，指出了準(zhǔn)備好應(yīng)急食物包可以應(yīng)對突發(fā)的自然災(zāi)害。故選F項。
73. 根據(jù)前文的“Evacuatin may als cause a shrtage in the fd supply. (疏散也可能導(dǎo)致食物供應(yīng)短缺。)”和下文的“T survive, ne must depend n fd strage.(為了生存，一個人必須依靠食物的儲存。)”可知，G項(在這種情況下，饑餓成為一個非?，F(xiàn)實的問題。)與上文為因果關(guān)系，說明了疏散帶來的食物不足會導(dǎo)致饑餓的發(fā)生，下文針對“饑餓”提出了儲存食物的必要性。故選G項。
74. 根據(jù)前文的“Even six inches f mving water can make yu fall. If yu have t walk in water, walk where the water is nt mving.(即使是6英寸深的流水也會讓你跌倒。如果你必須在水里走，走在水不流動的地方。)”可知，C項(用一根棍子檢查你前面的地面。)承接上文，進(jìn)一步指出如何在水中安全地前進(jìn)。故選C項。
75. 根據(jù)前文的“D nt drive int flded areas. If fldwaters rise arund yur car, abandn the car and mve t higher grund, when water is nt mving r nt mre than a few inches deep. (不要開車進(jìn)入被洪水淹沒的地方。如果洪水在你的車周圍上漲，在水不動或不超過幾英寸深的時候，放棄汽車并轉(zhuǎn)移到更高的地方。)”和后文的“ If yur car is trapped in rapidly mving water, stay in the car. If the water is rising inside the car, mve n t the rf.(如果你的車被困在快速流動的水中，呆在車?yán)铩Ｈ绻嚴(yán)锏乃谏仙?，那就爬到車頂上去?”可知，B項(你和車很快就會被沖走。)承接上文，說明車在進(jìn)入水淹區(qū)后，如果不能及時撤離會出現(xiàn)連人帶車被沖走的情況，下文舉例說明水流很急的情況下，被困的人應(yīng)該怎么辦。故選B項。
P
Landslides ccur when large amunts f wet debris(碎片), including rcks, earth, and trees, slide dwn a slpe(斜坡). They may ccur as a result f fires, earthquakes, vlcanic eruptins, strms, r human activities. Landslides are particularly dangerus because they strike suddenly, mve at extremely high speeds, and travel lng distances. Althugh landslides are ften difficult t predict, yu can prepare fr a landslide. 76
1. Keep yurself alert and awake. Landslides can ccur quite suddenly, s yu need t be ready t take actin at a mment’s ntice. Many landslide-related deaths ccur while peple are asleep. 77
2. 78 Yur lcal cmmunity shuld have a designated(指定的) public shelter. G t the shelter if yur hme is unsafe r the authrities have called fr an evacuatin(疏散).
3. Cntact lcal fficials abut past landslides. Landslides tend t happen in the same area where they have ccurred befre. 79 If yu are in an at-risk area, cnsider getting a site analysis f yur prperty. This will help yu determine any necessary crrective measures.
4. Make an emergency kit(工具箱). 80 Make yur kit in advance s it is ready at a mment’s ntice. Yur kit shuld cntain enugh fd and water t last fr at least 72 hurs, as well as supplies like medicatins, flashlights, batteries, cell phnes, cpies f persnal dcuments, and cash.
A. Ntice unusual sunds.
B. G t a public shelter.
C. Here are sme tips which can help yu.
D. Talk t lcal fficials abut landslides in yur area.
E. In the event f a landslide r ther emergency, chse a place.
F. If yu are with ther peple, wrk tgether t keep ne anther awake.
G. An emergency kit cntains the essentials that yur husehld will need during an emergency.
【答案】76. C 77. F 78. B 79. D 80. G
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是關(guān)于應(yīng)對滑坡發(fā)生的一些建議。
76. 根據(jù)前文“Althugh landslides are ften difficult t predict, yu can prepare fr a landslide.(雖然滑坡通常很難預(yù)測，但你可以為滑坡做好準(zhǔn)備。)”可知，雖然山體滑坡很難預(yù)測，但是可以為滑坡做一些準(zhǔn)備工作。后文應(yīng)該給出一些具體的建議。C選項“Here are sme tips which can help yu.(這里有一些建議可以幫助你。)”承上啟下，引起下文針對滑坡給出的具體建議，符合語境。故選C。
77. 根據(jù)前文“Keep yurself alert and awake. (讓自己保持警覺和清醒。)”以及“Many landslide-related deaths ccur while peple are asleep. (許多與山體滑坡有關(guān)的死亡發(fā)生在人們睡著的時候。)”可知，很多山體滑坡發(fā)生的時候都是人們在睡著的時候，因此此處提出的建議是要保持清醒和警覺。F選項“If yu are with ther peple, wrk tgether t keep ne anther awake.(如果你和其他人在一起，一起努力讓彼此保持清醒。)”承接前文，指出在山體滑坡時候要讓自己和他人都保持清醒，符合語境。故選F。
78. 根據(jù)后文“Yur lcal cmmunity shuld have a designated (指定的) public shelter. G t the shelter if yur hme is unsafe r the authrities have called fr an evacuatin (疏散).(你所在的社區(qū)應(yīng)該有一個指定的公共避難所。如果你的家不安全，或者當(dāng)局要求疏散，就去避難所。)”可知，本段強(qiáng)調(diào)的是如果山體滑坡發(fā)生的時候，可以到指定的公共避難所尋求避難。B選項“G t a public shelter. (去公共避難所。)”概括本段段旨，符合語境。故選B。
79. 根據(jù)前文“Cntact lcal fficials abut past landslides. Landslides tend t happen in the same area where they have ccurred befre.(聯(lián)系當(dāng)?shù)毓賳T了解過去的山體滑坡情況?；峦l(fā)生在以前發(fā)生過的同一地區(qū)。)”可知，可以通過聯(lián)系當(dāng)?shù)毓賳T了解過去的山體滑坡情況。D選項“Talk t lcal fficials abut landslides in yur area. (和當(dāng)?shù)毓賳T談?wù)勀闼诘貐^(qū)的山體滑坡。)”承接前文，指出通過和當(dāng)?shù)毓賳T談?wù)劻私馍襟w滑坡的情況，符合語境。故選D。
80. 根據(jù)前文“Make an emergency kit (工具箱). (準(zhǔn)備一個急救箱。)”可知，本段給出的建議是山體滑坡之前準(zhǔn)備一個急救箱。G選項“An emergency kit cntains the essentials that yur husehld will need during an emergency.(一個應(yīng)急包包含了家庭在緊急情況下需要的必需品。)”承接前文，指出急救箱中應(yīng)該包含的必需品，符合語境。故選G。

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