
第01講 名詞 (模擬精練+真題演練) 一、根據(jù)提示寫單詞 1.(2023·浙江·模擬預(yù)測)Do you often take part in your school a ? 【答案】(a)ctivities 【詳解】句意:你經(jīng)常參加學(xué)校的活動嗎?根據(jù)“take part in your school”及首字母可知,此處指參加學(xué)校的活動,activity“活動”,學(xué)?;顒硬恢挂粋€,應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填(a)ctivities。 2.(2023·安徽·模擬預(yù)測)Some children are throwing s (石頭) into the river happily. 【答案】(s)tones 【詳解】句意:一些孩子們正開心地往河里扔石頭。根據(jù)漢語提示可知,此處填“stone石頭”,stone為可數(shù)名詞,根據(jù)提示語可知,此處沒有冠詞,因此需用復(fù)數(shù)stones。故填stones。 3.(2023·浙江·模擬預(yù)測)Sam is a good teacher with lots of (經(jīng)驗) in teaching. 【答案】experience 【詳解】句意:山姆是一位有豐富教學(xué)經(jīng)驗的好老師。experience“經(jīng)驗”,不可數(shù)名詞,作賓語。故填experience。 4.(2023·浙江·模擬預(yù)測)Thomas Edison was a great American (發(fā)明家). 【答案】inventor 【詳解】句意:托馬斯·愛迪生是一位偉大的美國發(fā)明家。根據(jù)“a great American”可知此空處是一個名詞的單數(shù)形式,inventor“發(fā)明家”。故填inventor。 5.(2023·浙江·模擬預(yù)測) (挑戰(zhàn)) and chance always come together. 【答案】Challenge 【詳解】句意:挑戰(zhàn)和機遇總是相伴而來。challenge“挑戰(zhàn)”,名詞;由“and chance”可知,and表示并列,連接的兩個并列成分形式要一致,故此處用名詞單數(shù),句首首字母大寫。故填Challenge。 6.(2023下·濟寧·二模)It’s my (樂意) to help you with the work. 【答案】pleasure 【詳解】句意:能幫你做這項工作是我的榮幸。根據(jù)“It’s my...to help you with the work.”和漢語提示可知,句子為it的固定句式“It’s+n.+to do sth”表示“做某事是……”,形容詞性物主代詞my后需填名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,pleasure“樂意,榮幸”,不可數(shù)名詞。故填pleasure。 7.(2023·宣城·模擬預(yù)測)There are some d (不同) between the two cities. 【答案】(d)ifferences 【詳解】句意:這兩個城市有一些不同。difference“不同,差異”,根據(jù)are可知,此空應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)名詞,故填(d)ifferences。 8.(2023·安徽·模擬預(yù)測)The activities help children to develop a sense of their own w (價值). 【答案】(w)orth 【詳解】句意:這些活動幫助孩子們培養(yǎng)對自身價值的認(rèn)識。根據(jù)漢語及首字母提示可知,此處用worth表示“價值”,不可數(shù)名詞。故填(w)orth。 9.(2023·蕪湖·模擬預(yù)測)Proper s (技能) are as important as hard work in learning something. 【答案】(s)kills 【詳解】句意:正確的技能和努力學(xué)習(xí)一樣重要。技能:skill,根據(jù)“are”可知句子主語用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填(s)kills。 10.(2023·蕪湖·模擬預(yù)測)We must try to catch every c (機會) because it never waits for anybody. 【答案】(c)hance 【詳解】句意:我們必須努力抓住每一個機會,因為它從不等待任何人。根據(jù)“We must try to catch every…”可知,空處應(yīng)填單數(shù)名詞,名詞chance意為“機會”。故填(c)hance。 二、用所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空 11.(2023·包頭·三模)To improve the in the countryside, the country sends many teachers there every year. (educate) 【答案】education 【詳解】句意:為了改善農(nóng)村的教育,國家每年都向那里派遣許多教師。分析“To improve the...in the countryside,”可知,此空缺名詞,educate“教育”的名詞形式為education,名詞作賓語,故填education。 12.(2023·包頭·三模) for Friday? Sorry, we’ve got none left. How about Saturday? (ticket) 【答案】Tickets 【詳解】句意:星期五的票?對不起,一張也沒有了。星期六怎么樣?ticket“票”,為可數(shù)名詞,結(jié)合語境,星期五的票應(yīng)不止一張,此空應(yīng)用ticket的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填Tickets。 13.(2023·定西·一模)We’ve run into (difficulty) with the new project. 【答案】difficulties 【詳解】句意:我們在新項目上遇到了困難。difficulty“困難”,名詞。句子缺少賓語, 空前沒有不定冠詞,所以填名詞復(fù)數(shù)difficulties泛指類別。故填difficulties。 14.(2023·慶陽·一模)Emily had no (choose) but to wait for her mother to open the door. 【答案】choice 【詳解】句意:Emily除了等待她母親開門別無選擇。根據(jù)語境及句子成分可知,設(shè)空處需填入名詞作賓語。choose“選擇”,動詞,其名詞形式為choice。have no choice but to do sth.“別無選擇,只能做某事”。故填choice。 15.(2023·蘭州·一模)These whales are 43 (foot) long, 50 to 70 tons. 【答案】feet 【詳解】句意:這些鯨魚有43英尺長,50到70噸重。foot“英尺”,可數(shù)名詞,基數(shù)詞43后加名詞復(fù)數(shù),foot的復(fù)數(shù)是feet。故填feet。 16.(2023·黑龍江·二模)Could you give me some (advise) on how to live a happy life? 【答案】advice 【詳解】句意:你能給我一些關(guān)于如何過上幸福生活的建議嗎?some后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞;advice“建議”,不可數(shù)名詞,無復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填advice。 17.(2023·黑龍江·二模)Thanks to his enough (prepare), he made it at last. 【答案】preparation 【詳解】句意:多虧了充分的準(zhǔn)備,他終于成功了。enough是形容詞,此處應(yīng)填名詞preparation“準(zhǔn)備”,故填preparation。 18.(2023·無錫·二模)At the concert, those (music) skills impressed the little boy so much. 【答案】musicians’ 【詳解】句意:在音樂會上,那些音樂家的技巧給小男孩留下了深刻的印象。music表示“音樂”,空后是名詞“技巧”,結(jié)合語境可知,是指音樂家的演奏技巧,musician“音樂家”,those后加名詞復(fù)數(shù),此處應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)所有格形式修飾名詞skills,故填musicians’。 19.(2023·鎮(zhèn)江·二模)Zibo has become one of China’s most popular tourist attractions this year. Large numbers of (visit)go there to enjoy the delicious barbecue. 【答案】visitors 【詳解】句意:淄博已成為今年中國最受歡迎的旅游景點之一。大量的游客去那里享受美味的燒烤。根據(jù)“Large numbers of ”可知,此空應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)名詞,visitors“游客”,故填visitors。 20.(2023·連云港·二模)Is Mr.Wu patient enough to spend enough time explaining math (問題) to you? 【答案】problems 【詳解】句意:吳老師有足夠的耐心花足夠的時間給你解釋數(shù)學(xué)難題嗎?根據(jù)漢語提示可知,空處應(yīng)填problem“問題”,可數(shù)名詞,分析句子可知,此處使用復(fù)數(shù)形式,表示問題不止一個。故填problems。 21.(2023·昆明·二模)President Xi said, “The people are true , for it is they who create history.” (hero) 【答案】heroes 【詳解】句意:習(xí)主席說,“人民是真正的英雄,因為正是他們創(chuàng)造了歷史?!県ero“英雄”,可數(shù)名詞,根據(jù)are可知此空應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填heroes。 22.(2023·昆明·三模)You can see more than one in the concert. (music) 【答案】musicians 【詳解】句意:在音樂會上你能看到不止一位音樂家。more than one后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),此處用music的名詞musician表示“音樂家”,其復(fù)數(shù)為musicians。故填musicians。 23.(2023·昆明·三模)Finally she made a to go on climbing the mountain although she was badly hurt. (decide) 【答案】decision 【詳解】句意:盡管她傷得很重,最終她還是決定繼續(xù)爬山。根據(jù)“made a …”可知,此處應(yīng)用名詞單數(shù)形式,作賓語。再結(jié)合提示詞可推測,該動詞對應(yīng)的名詞單數(shù)形式為decision,與之構(gòu)成短語“made a decision”,意為“做了一個決定”。故填decision。 24.(2023·昆明·一模)Children should be encouraged to tell the instead of telling a lie whenever they do something wrong. (true) 【答案】truth 【詳解】句意:當(dāng)孩子們做錯事時,應(yīng)該鼓勵孩子們說真話,而不是撒謊。根據(jù)“the”可知空缺處用名詞,故填truth。 25.(2023·昆明·一模)At the age of 6, Mike became one of the youngest in this country. (act) 【答案】actors 【詳解】句意:在六歲的時候,Mike成為了這個國家最年輕的演員之一。act“表演”,是動詞,one of the+形容詞最高級+復(fù)數(shù)名詞,表示“最……的……之一”,因此用復(fù)數(shù)名詞actors“演員”,故填actors。 26.(2023·包頭·三模)He is generally considered to be one of the greatest in modern China.(write) 【答案】writers 【詳解】句意:他被普遍認(rèn)為是中國現(xiàn)代最偉大的作家之一。one of the+形容詞最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+比較范圍,表示“……中最……之一”,所以空處用write的名詞writer“作家”的復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填writers。 27.(2023·阜新·二模)These (sheep) are fed well by the old man. All of them look fat. 【答案】sheep 【詳解】句意:這些羊被這位老人喂養(yǎng)得很好。它們看起來全都很肥。根據(jù)指示代詞“these”和be動詞“are”為復(fù)數(shù)形式,可知此處應(yīng)使用名詞復(fù)數(shù),而“sheep”為單復(fù)同形的單詞。故填sheep。 28.(2023·包頭·三模)The never dreamed of having a chance for him to win the first prize in the 100-meter race. (compete) 【答案】competitor 【詳解】句意:這位選手做夢也想不到自己有機會在100米比賽中獲得第一名。根據(jù)題目可知,此處缺乏主語,應(yīng)將動詞compete“競爭”,轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槊~competitor“競爭者”作為主語。故填competitor。 29.(2023·達(dá)州·一模)To my surprise, the of the machine is a middle school student. (invent) 【答案】inventor 【詳解】句意:令我驚訝的是,這臺機器的發(fā)明者是一名中學(xué)生。根據(jù)“of the machine is a middle school student.”可知,此處指的是inventor“發(fā)明者”,句中動詞是“is”,名詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式,故填inventor。 30.(2023·河?xùn)|·二模)My English teacher asked me to write a brief (introduce) to Ningyuan Tower. 【答案】introduction 【詳解】句意:我的英語老師讓我寫一篇關(guān)于寧遠(yuǎn)塔的簡短介紹。introduce“介紹”,是動詞,有不定冠詞a修飾,用單數(shù)名詞,故填introduction。 31.(2023·隴南·二模)Kate wants to be a (sing) when she grows up. 【答案】singer 【詳解】句意:凱特長大后想成為一名歌手。sing“唱歌”,動詞;根據(jù)“Kate wants to be a ... when she grows up.”可知,凱特想成為一名歌手;singer“歌手”,名詞;由空前的“a”可知,此處應(yīng)用名詞單數(shù)。故填singer。 32.(2023·包頭·二模)We expect to see further in your work this term. (improve) 【答案】improvement 【詳解】句意:我們期望看到你這學(xué)期的工作有進(jìn)一步的進(jìn)步。improve“提高”,是動詞,此處位于further“更進(jìn)一步的”后,應(yīng)用名詞improvement,故填improvement。 33.(2023·武漢·一模)Miss Smith gave us some (suggest) about how to improve spoken English. 【答案】suggestions 【詳解】句意:史密斯小姐就如何提高英語口語給了我們一些建議。根據(jù)“some”可知填名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,suggestion“建議”,可數(shù)名詞。故填suggestions。 34.(2023·南京·二模)Having been introduced in many cities, therapy dogs provide a great (serve) for patients in need. 【答案】service 【詳解】句意:治療犬已經(jīng)被引入許多城市,為有需要的病人提供了很棒的服務(wù)。根據(jù)“a”可知,此空應(yīng)填serve對應(yīng)的名詞service“服務(wù)”,故填service。 35.(2023·楚雄·二模)An (agree) is required to bring an end to the fight between the two countries. 【答案】agreement 【詳解】句意:要結(jié)束兩國之間的爭斗,必須達(dá)成協(xié)議。agree意為“同意”,是動詞,根據(jù)不定冠詞“An”可知,此處應(yīng)填單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,agree的名詞為agreement,意為“協(xié)議”,故填agreement。 36.(2023·淮安·三模)If we don’t pay attention to food (safe), our heath will be in danger. 【答案】safety 【詳解】句意:如果我們不注意食品安全,我們的健康就會受到威脅。food saftey“食品安全”,此處填名詞形式,在句中作賓語。故填safety。 37.(2023·淮安·三模)In spring, we can see (leaf) turn green and everything seems energetic and active. 【答案】leaves 【詳解】句意:在春天,我們可以看到樹葉變綠,一切似乎都充滿活力。根據(jù)“we can see…(leaf) turn green”可知,此處表示泛指,應(yīng)該用可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。故填leaves。 38.(2023·楊浦·三模)He was really too old for children’s (toy). 【答案】toys 【詳解】句意:他真的太大了,不適合玩兒童玩具。toy“玩具”,可數(shù)名詞,此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)表泛指。故填toys。 39.(22·23下·楊浦·二模)Bees and are attracted by the beautiful flowers in the garden. (butterfly) 【答案】butterflies 【詳解】句意:花園里美麗的花朵吸引了蜜蜂和蝴蝶。根據(jù)Bees可知空處用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。butterfly名詞,“蝴蝶”,butterflies復(fù)數(shù)形式。 故填butterflies。 40.(2023·昭通·二模)Susan has been the of the game three years in a row. (win) 【答案】winner 【詳解】句意:蘇珊已經(jīng)連續(xù)三年成為比賽的獲勝者。win“獲勝”,動詞;winner“獲勝者”,可數(shù)名詞,該句中指蘇珊,所以是單數(shù)。故填winner。 三、單項選擇 41.The ________ are going to fly to Beijing next month. A.Germany B.Germen C.Germans 【答案】C 【詳解】句意:這些德國人下個月將要飛去北京。 考查名詞變復(fù)數(shù)。Germany德國;Germen錯誤表達(dá);Germans德國人,復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)“are going to fly to”可知,此處應(yīng)指“德國人”,結(jié)合“are”可知應(yīng)該用German的復(fù)數(shù)Germans。故選C。 42.(2023·張掖·一模)Both ________ watches were broken. A.Jim and Tom’s B.Jim’s and Tom’s C.Jim’s and Tom D.Jim and Tom 【答案】B 【詳解】句意:吉姆和湯姆的表都壞了。 考查名詞所有格。根據(jù)“watches”可知,此處指他們各自的表,表示各自擁有,都需要加’s,即Jim’s nd Tom’s表示兩人各自的。 故選B 43.(2023·樂山·二模)There are 60 ______ in our school and they are all patient with students. A.woman teacher B.women teachers C.woman teacher 【答案】B 【詳解】句意:我們學(xué)校有60名女教師,她們對學(xué)生都很有耐心。 考查復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。數(shù)詞60后加名詞復(fù)數(shù),woman teacher“女老師”,其復(fù)數(shù)形式為women teachers。故選B。 44.(2023·邵陽·二模)—Excuse me, is the cinema far from here? —No. It’s about ________. A.5 minutes’ walk B.5 minute’s walk C.5 minutes walk 【答案】A 【詳解】句意:——對不起,電影院離這兒遠(yuǎn)嗎?——不遠(yuǎn)。步行大約5分鐘。 考查時間來表示路程。當(dāng)使用時間表示路程時,要用名詞所有格,5后接minute的復(fù)數(shù),再變所有格,5 minutes’walk為正確的表達(dá)格式。故選A。 45.(2023·南岸·一模)There are more _______ teachers in this primary school now. A.man B.man’s C.men D.men’s 【答案】C 【詳解】句意:現(xiàn)在小學(xué)有更多的男老師。 考查復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。這里根據(jù)“teachers”可知,是復(fù)數(shù),man作定語時,man與被修飾的名詞都要變成復(fù)數(shù),men teachers“男教師”。故選C。 46.(2023·巴南·一模)There are about 120 ________ in this hospital. They are very active and patient. A.woman doctors B.women doctors C.women doctor D.woman doctor 【答案】B 【詳解】句意:這家醫(yī)院大約有120名女醫(yī)生。他們非常積極和耐心。 考查復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)其前的are和120,可知其后需要可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式;doctor的復(fù)數(shù)形式為doctors,doctor前有man或woman修飾時,變復(fù)數(shù)時需要把兩個詞都變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式,“女醫(yī)生們”應(yīng)該為women doctors。故選B。 47.(2023·安徽·一模)—Why do you think spring is the most beautiful? —I love spring because when spring comes, the ______ all over the mountains turn green. A.leaf B.leafs C.leafes D.leaves 【答案】D 【詳解】句意:——為什么你認(rèn)為春天是最漂亮的?——我喜歡春天,因為當(dāng)春天來的時候漫山遍野的樹葉會變綠??疾槊~。根據(jù)“all over the mountains turn green”可知,此處“l(fā)eaf”應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)。名詞“l(fā)eaf”的復(fù)數(shù)形式是“l(fā)eaves”。故選D。 48.(2023·白銀·一模)This is ________ room and it looks so tidy. We should learn from them. A.Tom and Jerry’s B.Tom’s and Jerry’s C.Tom’s and Jerry D.Tom and Jerry 【答案】A 【詳解】句意:這是湯姆和杰瑞的房間,它看起來很整潔。我們應(yīng)該向他們學(xué)習(xí)。 考查名詞所有格。Tom and Jerry’s湯姆和杰瑞的(共同擁有);Tom’s and Jerry’s湯姆的和杰瑞的(分別擁有);Tom’s and Jerry錯誤表達(dá);Tom and Jerry湯姆和杰瑞。根據(jù)“room”可知,此處使用名詞所有格表示所屬關(guān)系,結(jié)合“it”可知,此處表示他們共同擁有一個房間。故選A。 49.(2023·崇明·一模)Uncle Tom keeps many ________ on his farm and lives a happy life there. A.cat B.dog C.sheep D.chicken 【答案】C 【詳解】句意:湯姆叔叔在他的農(nóng)場里養(yǎng)了很多羊,過著幸福的生活。 考查名詞辨析。cat貓,可數(shù)名詞;dog狗,可數(shù)名詞;sheep羊,是單數(shù)也是復(fù)數(shù);chicken雞,可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)many可知,此空應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式,故選C。 50.The Internet is very useful. We can get much ________ from it. A.idea B.message C.game D.information 【答案】D 【詳解】句意:互聯(lián)網(wǎng)非常有用。我們可以從中得到很多信息??疾槊~辨析。idea想法;message信息;game游戲;information消息。much修飾不可數(shù)名詞,而ABC都是可數(shù)名詞,故選D。 51.(2023·宿遷·一模)Yan Ning is an excellent scientist who will return to China in the near future. She wants to make a ________to her motherland. A.celebration B.conversation C.contribution D.collection 【答案】C 【詳解】句意:顏寧是一位優(yōu)秀的科學(xué)家,不久將回國。她想為她的祖國做貢獻(xiàn)。 考查名詞辨析。celebration慶祝;conversation談話;contribution貢獻(xiàn);collection收集。短語make a contribution to表示“為……做貢獻(xiàn)”,符合題意。故選C。 52.(2023·無錫·一模)The core(核心)of your ________ is that you and your work partner will always be there to help each other in a team. A.friendship B.membership C.relationship D.leadership 【答案】C 【詳解】句意:你們關(guān)系的核心是你和你的工作伙伴總是會在一個團隊中幫助彼此。 考查名詞辨析。friendship友誼;membership會員,會員資格;relationship關(guān)系,聯(lián)系;leadership領(lǐng)導(dǎo),領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位。根據(jù)“that you and your work partner will always be there to help each other in a team”可知,此處應(yīng)該表示你和你的工作伙伴的關(guān)系,故選C。 53.(2022·保定)—You look so young, Mrs Green. Could you tell me how old you are? —Oh, sorry. It’s a(n) ________. A.problem B.instruction C.secret D.business 【答案】C 【詳解】句意:——格林夫人,你看起來好年輕??梢愿嬖V我你的年紀(jì)嗎?——噢,對不起。這是一個秘密??疾槊~辨析。problem“問題”;instruction“指導(dǎo)”;secret“秘密”;business“生意”。從題干可知,格林夫人不想告知,年齡是個秘密。選項C符合。故選C。 54.(2022·金昌·一模)—Would you please give me two ________? —Sure, here you are. A.cup of tea B.cups of teas C.cups of tea D.cup of teas 【答案】C 【詳解】句意:——請給我兩杯茶好嗎?——當(dāng)然,給你。考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)空格前數(shù)詞“two”可知空格處名詞用復(fù)數(shù),cup的復(fù)數(shù)cups,tea是不可數(shù)名詞,“兩杯茶”是two cups of tea。故選C。 55.(2022·蕪湖·三模)—Miss Yang, do you think I can realize my dream? —Sure. You’ll always have the ________ to be successful if you keep working on it. A.chance B.result C.need D.a(chǎn)ction 【答案】A 【詳解】句意:——楊小姐,你認(rèn)為我能實現(xiàn)我的夢想嗎?——當(dāng)然。如果你堅持努力,你永遠(yuǎn)有機會成功。 考查名詞辨析。chance機會;result結(jié)果;need需要;action行動;根據(jù)“to be successful if you keep working on it.”可知,如果堅持的話,是有機會成功的,故選A。 56.(2022·徐州·中考真題)From my ________ on the top of the TV tower, I can have a perfect view of our city. A.tradition B.condition C.position D.situation 【答案】C 【詳解】句意:從我在電視塔頂部的位置,我可以完美地看到我們的城市??疾槊~辨析。tradition傳統(tǒng);condition條件;position位置;situation形式,情況。根據(jù)“on the top of the TV tower,”可知,此處是要表示一個位置。故選C。 57.—How can Linda say bad words about me? I thought we were good friends. —Who told you that? Friends need ________. A.courage B.trust C.pleasure D.success 【答案】B 【詳解】句意:——琳達(dá)怎么能說我壞話?我以為我們是好朋友?!l告訴你的?朋友之間需要信任。考查名詞辨析。courage勇氣;trust信任;pleasure愉快;success成功。根據(jù)“Who told you that?”可知,朋友之間的友誼不能只道聽途說,是需要信任的。故選B。 58.(2022·常州·一模)The factory cannot continue its level of ________ because the cost of the material has risen a lot. A.instruction B.production C.contribution D.celebration 【答案】B 【詳解】句意:由于材料成本上漲了很多,工廠不能繼續(xù)它的生產(chǎn)水平了。考查名詞辨析。instruction指示,說明;production生產(chǎn),產(chǎn)量;contribution貢獻(xiàn);celebration慶祝。結(jié)合語境可知本句說的是工廠的生產(chǎn)水平與原料價格之間的關(guān)系,所以空處用名詞production。故選B。 59.(2022·南通·一模)The number of the words in your article isn’t important, but the _________ of it matters. A.a(chǎn)bility B.size C.quality D.energy 【答案】C 【詳解】句意:在你的文章中字?jǐn)?shù)不重要,但它的質(zhì)量很重要??疾槊~辨析。ability能力;size尺寸;quality質(zhì)量;energy能量。根據(jù)“The number of the words in your article isn’t important”可知文章的字?jǐn)?shù)不重要,結(jié)合常識可知重要是是質(zhì)量。故選C。 60.(2023·黃浦·一模)The government has made some _________ in environment protection. A.mistake B.decision C.change D.progress 【答案】D 【詳解】句意:政府在環(huán)境保護方面取得了一些進(jìn)展??疾槊~的數(shù)。mistake錯誤;decision決定;change變化;progress進(jìn)展。mistake,decision和change為可數(shù)名詞,progress為不可數(shù)名詞,some+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或者不可數(shù)名詞,故選D。 一、根據(jù)提示寫單詞 1.(2023·杭州·中考真題)The train j from Hangzhou to Shanghai takes about 40 minutes. 【答案】(j)ourney 【詳解】句意:從杭州到上海的火車旅程大約需要40分鐘。根據(jù)“from Hangzhou to Shanghai takes about 40 minutes.”可知此處是指火車的旅程,應(yīng)用名詞journey。故填(j)ourney。 2.(2023·杭州·中考真題)I like to spend time with my parents on Saturdays and S . 【答案】(S)undays 【詳解】句意:我喜歡在星期六和星期天與父母共度時光。根據(jù)“on Saturdays and S…”可知,空處與星期六對應(yīng),表示Sunday“星期日”,也用復(fù)數(shù)。故填(S)undays。 3.(2023·宜賓·中考真題)Spring is my favorite s because different kinds of flowers come out. 【答案】(s)eason 【詳解】句意:春天是我最喜歡的季節(jié),因為有不同種類的花。根據(jù)“Spring”可知春天是一個季節(jié),season“季節(jié)”,此處用名詞原形。故填(s)eason。 4.(2023·成都·中考真題)Humor is a type of language art, which brings a lot of p and laughter to our daily life. 【答案】(p)leasure 【詳解】句意:幽默是一種語言藝術(shù),它給我們的日常生活帶來了許多樂趣和笑聲。根據(jù)“Humor”和“l(fā)aughter to our daily life.”可知是指幽默可以給生活帶來樂趣和笑聲。pleasure“樂趣”,名詞。故填(p)leasure。 5.(2023·達(dá)州·中考真題)We may meet many challenges in our lives. When we fail, we shouldn’t lose c and confidence. 【答案】(c)ourage 【詳解】句意:我們在生活中可能會遇到許多挑戰(zhàn)。當(dāng)我們失敗時,我們不應(yīng)該失去勇氣和信心。根據(jù)“We may meet many challenges in our lives. When we fail, we shouldn’t lose c...and confidence.”可知,失敗時不應(yīng)該失去勇氣和信心,courage“勇氣”,在動詞后作賓語。故填(c)ourage。 6.(2022·內(nèi)蒙古·中考真題)I’m sure that you will make great p as long as you stick to good methods. 【答案】(p)rogress 【詳解】句意:我相信只要你堅持好的方法,你會取得很大的進(jìn)步。根據(jù)首字母提示及“as long as you stick to good methods.”可知,此處指的是“取得很大的進(jìn)步”,progress“進(jìn)步”,不可數(shù)名詞,故填(p)rogress。 7.(2022·四川·中考真題)In most countries, people usually eat traditional food on special h . 【答案】(h)olidays 【詳解】句意:在大多數(shù)國家,人們通常在特殊節(jié)日吃傳統(tǒng)食物。根據(jù)“people usually eat traditional food on special”及首字母可知,在特殊節(jié)日吃傳統(tǒng)食物,holiday“假日,節(jié)日”,此空應(yīng)填名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式表示泛指,故填(h)olidays。 8.(2022·六盤水·中考真題)A giraffe is a large African animal with a very long n , long legs. 【答案】(n)eck 【詳解】句意:長頸鹿是一種巨大的非洲動物,脖子很長,腿很長。根據(jù)“A giraffe”及首字母n可推出長頸鹿有長長的脖子,neck“脖子”,a后用單數(shù)形式。故填(n)eck。 9.(2022·日照·中考真題)My friend gave me some a on how to keep a pet. 【答案】(a)dvice 【詳解】句意:我的朋友就如何養(yǎng)寵物給了我一些建議。 根據(jù)“gave me some … on how to keep a pet”及首字母可知,就如何養(yǎng)寵物給了一些建議,advice“建議”,不可數(shù)名詞,故填(a)dvice。 10.(2022·甘南·中考真題)Parents should know that comparing their kids with other children is not good for the kid’s (發(fā)展). 【答案】development 【詳解】句意:父母應(yīng)該知道,將孩子與其他孩子進(jìn)行比較對孩子的發(fā)展沒有好處。development“發(fā)展”,名詞作賓語。故填development。 11.(2022·甘南·中考真題)To our (驚訝), there have been more than 140 million COVID-19 infections in the US. 【答案】surprise 【詳解】句意:令我們驚訝的是,美國已經(jīng)有超過1.4億人感染了新冠肺炎。to one’s surprise“令某人驚訝的”,為固定短語。故填surprise。 12.(2022·甘南·中考真題)Because of busy work, Jason refused his friend’s (邀請). 【答案】invitation 【詳解】句意:由于工作繁忙,杰森拒絕了朋友的邀請。invitation“邀請”,名詞作賓語。故填invitation。 13.(2022·內(nèi)蒙古·中考真題)Lots of children lost their homes because of (戰(zhàn)爭), so we should keep the peace. 【答案】wars 【詳解】句意:許多孩子因為戰(zhàn)爭失去了家園,所以我們應(yīng)該維護和平。war“戰(zhàn)爭”,此處表示復(fù)數(shù)含義,使用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填wars。 14.(2022·桂林·中考真題)I bought a new house with five (臥室) and two bathrooms. 【答案】bedrooms 【詳解】句意:我買了一套五室兩衛(wèi)的新房子。bedroom“臥室”,此前有five修飾,使用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填bedrooms。 15.(2022·鹽城·中考真題)Fishing in Snow, written by Liu Zongyuan, is one of my favourite (詩歌). 【答案】poems 【詳解】句意:柳宗元的《江雪》是我最喜歡的詩歌之一。poem“詩歌”,one of后加名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填poems。 16.(2022·青島·中考真題)Our monitor won the first (獎)in our school talent show. All of us take pride in him. 【答案】prize 【詳解】句意:我們的班長在我們學(xué)校的才藝表演中獲得了一等獎。我們都以他為榮。prize“獎”,名詞,故填prize。 17.(2022·南通·中考真題)More and more people use cloth bags to reduce (污染) when shopping. 【答案】pollution 【詳解】句意:越來越多的人在購物時使用布袋來減少污染。pollution“污染”,是不可數(shù)名詞,故填pollution。 18.(2022·宜賓·中考真題)Schools should help parents realize the (重要性) of family education. 【答案】importance 【詳解】句意:學(xué)校應(yīng)該幫助家長認(rèn)識到家庭教育的重要性。importance“重要性”,是不可數(shù)名詞,故填importance。 19.(2022·南通·中考真題)—Do you think he is telling the ? —Of course. He is an honest boy. 【答案】truth 【詳解】句意:——你認(rèn)為他說的是實話嗎?——當(dāng)然。他是個誠實的男孩。根據(jù)“He is an honest boy.”可知他是個誠實的孩子,所以說的是實話,tell the truth“說實話”,故填truth。 20.(2022·南通·中考真題)—Alice, who is the first man to walk on the Moon’s (the outside or top part of something)? —Sorry, I don’t know. Let’s ask Mr. Xu about it. 【答案】surface 【詳解】句意:——艾麗斯,誰是第一個在月球表面行走的人?——對不起,我不知道。我們問問徐先生吧。根據(jù)英文解釋“the outside or top part of something”可知是指月球的表面,surface“表面”,名詞,故填surface。 二、單項選擇 21.(2022·西藏·中考真題)More and more ________ want to learn about Chinese culture. A.Germans B.German C.Germany D.Germans’ 【答案】A 【詳解】句意:越來越多的德國人想了解中國文化。 考查詞義辨析和名詞復(fù)數(shù)。Germans德國人,名詞復(fù)數(shù);German德國人,名詞單數(shù);Germany德國;Germans’表述錯誤。“More and more”修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),指人想了解中國文化。故選A。 22.(2022·益陽·中考真題)Look! There are some ________ eating grass on the hill. A.sheep B.cow C.horse 【答案】A 【詳解】句意:看!有一些綿羊在山上吃草。 考查名詞辨析。sheep綿羊;cow奶牛;horse馬。根據(jù)“some”可知其后用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),sheep單復(fù)數(shù)同形,其他選項均為單數(shù)。故選A。 23.(2022·湘西·中考真題)I’m not hungry at all because I just ate much ________. A.a(chǎn)pples B.bananas C.bread 【答案】C 【詳解】句意:我一點兒也不餓因為我剛吃了許多面包。考查名詞辨析。apples蘋果,可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù);bananas香蕉,可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù);bread面包,不可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)“much”可知此處用不可數(shù)名詞。故選C。 24.(2022·邵陽·中考真題)— Would you like some ________? — Yes, madam. A.egg B.juice C.milk teas 【答案】B 【詳解】句意:——你想要些果汁嗎?——是的,夫人。考查名詞辨析。egg雞蛋;juice果汁;milk teas錯誤表達(dá),奶茶是不可數(shù)名詞,不可以加s。some修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,只有B選項符合,故選B。 25.(2022·哈爾濱·中考真題)The ________ is China’s national treasure. It’s a kind of cute animal that likes eating bamboo. A.panda B.tiger C.elephant 【答案】A 【詳解】句意:熊貓是中國的國寶。它是一種喜歡吃竹子的可愛動物。考查名詞辨析。panda熊貓;tiger老虎;elephant大象。根據(jù)“China’s national treasure”和“It’s a kind of cute animal that likes eating bamboo.”可知,此處指熊貓。故選A。 26.(2022·綏化·中考真題)________ father is a pilot. He has been to many countries around the world. A.Tony and Peter’s B.Tony’s and Peter C.Tony’s and Peter’s 【答案】A 【詳解】句意:托尼和彼得的爸爸是飛行員。他去過世界上許多國家。考查名詞所有格。根據(jù)“father”可知,此處指兩個人共有的爸爸,在后一個人名后加’s,故選A。 27.(2022·武威·中考真題)The ________ rang and Pat answered it. It was his son calling from New York. A.telephone B.doorbell C.clock D.bike 【答案】A 【詳解】句意:電話鈴響了,帕特接了電話。是他兒子從紐約打來的。 考查名詞辨析。telephone電話;doorbell門鈴;clock時鐘;bike自行車。結(jié)合語境和下一句“It was his son calling from New York.”可知帕特的兒子從紐約打電話來,所以應(yīng)該是電話鈴聲響了。故選A。 28.—How did you put together the model plane so perfectly? —It's easy. I just followed the ________. A.instructions B.instruments C.interviews D.inventions 【答案】A 【詳解】句意:-你怎樣把那航空模型拼得那么完美?-容易,我就是按照說明做的。A. instructions說明;B. instruments樂器;C. interviews采訪;D. inventions發(fā)明。按照說明拼接。故選A。 29.(2022·重慶·中考真題)This year, the family went camping on ________ Day, June 1st. A.Child B.Child’s C.Children D.Children’s 【答案】D 【詳解】句意:今年,全家在6月1日兒童節(jié)去露營。考查名詞所有格。由語境可知,此處指“兒童節(jié)”,英文表達(dá)為“Children’s Day”。故選D。 30.(2023·湖南岳陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題)Yueyang is one of the top 10 most beautiful ________ in China this year. A.city B.cities C.citys 【答案】B 【詳解】句意:岳陽是今年中國十大最美麗的城市之一??疾槊~復(fù)數(shù)。one of+最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù),表示“……中最……之一”,固定句型,可排除A選項;city的復(fù)數(shù)形式為cities。故選B。 31.(2023·湖北武漢·統(tǒng)考中考真題)—Peter was picked out to be on the school volleyball team. —His height gives him a big ________. A.situation B.challenge C.a(chǎn)chievement D.a(chǎn)dvantage 【答案】D 【詳解】句意: ——彼得被選為學(xué)校排球隊隊員?!纳砀呓o了他很大的優(yōu)勢。 考查名詞辨析。situation情況;challenge挑戰(zhàn);achievement成就;advantage優(yōu)勢。根據(jù)“His height gives him a big”可知他的身高在選拔中是一個優(yōu)勢。故選D。 32.(2023·山東濱州·統(tǒng)考中考真題)—What’s your secret of writing so well? —I read a lot, and the works of Lu Xun had a strong ________ on me as a child. A.difference B.a(chǎn)ttention C.situation D.influence 【答案】D 【詳解】句意:——你寫得這么好的秘訣是什么?——我讀了很多書,魯迅的作品對我小時候有很大的影響??疾槊~辨析。difference不同;attention關(guān)注;situation情況;influence影響。根據(jù)“the works of Lu Xun had a strong...on me”可知魯迅的作品對我有影響。故選D。 33.(2023·甘肅白銀·統(tǒng)考中考真題)Put ________ first and be careful while riding on the road! A.interest B.money C.knowledge D.safety 【答案】D 【詳解】句意:把安全放在第一位,在路上騎行時要小心!考查名詞辨析。interest興趣;money錢;knowledge知識;safety安全。根據(jù)“be careful while riding on the road”可知路上騎車時要小心,要把安全放第一位。故選D。 34.(2023·江蘇揚州·統(tǒng)考中考真題)—What places of interest are there in Yangzhou? —I recommend the Slender West Lake. A boat tour is a wonderful ________! A.movement B.a(chǎn)ttraction C.experience D.research 【答案】C 【詳解】句意:——揚州有哪些名勝古跡?——我推薦瘦西湖。乘船游覽是一種美妙的體驗!考查名詞辨析。movement移動,轉(zhuǎn)移;attraction有吸引力的事物;experience經(jīng)歷;research研究。根據(jù)“A boat tour is a wonderful”可知,此處說的是一種體驗/經(jīng)歷,故選C。 35.(2023·天津·統(tǒng)考中考真題)People all over the world love pandas, and the panda has become a ________ of China. A.festival B.poem C.guest D.symbol 【答案】D 【詳解】句意:全世界的人都喜歡熊貓,熊貓已經(jīng)成為中國的象征??疾槊~辨析。festival節(jié)日;poem詩;guest客人;symbol象征。根據(jù)“panda”以及常識可知熊貓是中國的象征,故選D。 36.(2023·安徽·統(tǒng)考中考真題)The proper ________ of your spare time will make your life colorful. A.date B.use C.name D.cause 【答案】B 【詳解】句意:恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂每臻e時間會使你的生活豐富多彩??疾槊~辨析。date日期;use使用;name名字;cause原因。根據(jù)“…will make your life colorful.”可知,想讓生活豐富多彩,就要利用好空閑時間。故選B。 37.(2023·四川涼山·統(tǒng)考中考真題)All in all, ________ with friends is the best medicine for your mental health (心理健康). Hope my advice can help you. A.communication B.information C.instruction 【答案】A 【詳解】句意:總而言之,與朋友的交流是你心理健康的最佳藥物。希望我的建議能幫到你。考查名詞辨析。communication交流;information信息;instruction用法說明。根據(jù)“All in all, ...with friends is the best medicine for your mental health (心理健康).”可知,與朋友的交流是心理健康的最佳藥物,故選A。 38.(2023·江西·統(tǒng)考中考真題)—Kevin, could you pass me some ________? It’s so hot today. I’m really thirsty. —OK. Here you are. A.rice B.bread C.water D.chicken 【答案】C 【詳解】句意:——凱文,你能遞給我一些水嗎?今天很熱。我真的很渴?!玫摹=o你??疾槊~辨析。rice米;bread面包;water水;chicken雞肉。根據(jù)“I’m really thirsty.”可知口渴要喝水。故選C。 39.(2023·四川自貢·統(tǒng)考中考真題)— What’s your favorite ______? — Apples. An apple a day keeps the doctor away. A.fruit B.drink C.job 【答案】A 【詳解】句意:——你最喜歡的水果是什么?——蘋果。一天一個蘋果,醫(yī)生遠(yuǎn)離我。 考查名詞辨析。fruit水果;drink飲料;job工作。根據(jù)“Apples.”可知,此處詢問最喜歡的水果。故選A。
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