第02講動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語（練習(xí)）-備戰(zhàn)2024中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品課件+講義+練習(xí)（全國通用）-課件下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

第02講動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語（模擬精練+真題演練）一、根據(jù)提示詞完成句子 1．（2023·浙江杭州·校聯(lián)考一模）She never took a taxi, even though she could a the cost. 【答案】(a)fford 【詳解】句意：她從不打出租車，即使她能擔(dān)負(fù)起費(fèi)用。根據(jù)could后是動(dòng)詞原形，及橫線后的the cost費(fèi)用，所以應(yīng)是afford承擔(dān)起。故填(a)fford。 2．（2023·江蘇蘇州·統(tǒng)考一模）Kindness doesn’t c a thing, yet it’s the richest gift you can give. 【答案】(c)ost 【詳解】句意：善良不需要付出任何代價(jià)，但它是你能給予的最豐厚的禮物。分析句子可知，此空缺動(dòng)詞原形。根據(jù)首字母和句意可知，應(yīng)填cost“花費(fèi)”，故填(c)ost。 3．（2023·浙江杭州·統(tǒng)考一模）When you s a word, you write or speak each letter in the word in the correct order. 【答案】(s)pell 【詳解】句意：當(dāng)你拼寫一個(gè)單詞的時(shí)候，你以正確的順序?qū)懗龌蛘哒f出這個(gè)單詞里的每一個(gè)字母。根據(jù)“you write or speak each letter in the word in the correct order.”可知，這一行為是拼寫單詞，故填(s)pell。 4．（2023·四川內(nèi)江·一模）The music, Erquan Yingyue, s beautiful but sad. It is a traditional treasure of China. 【答案】(s)ounds 【詳解】句意：音樂《二泉映月》聽起來美麗但悲傷。它是中國的傳統(tǒng)瑰寶。根據(jù)題干和首字母提示可知，此處表示“聽起來”，時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，sound“聽起來”，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式sounds。故填(s)ounds。 5．（2023·四川自貢·一模）The team won the football game. They didn’t d the fans. 【答案】(d)isappoint 【詳解】句意：這個(gè)隊(duì)贏得了足球賽。他們沒有讓球迷失望。根據(jù)“The team won the football game.”以及首字母可知，贏得了比賽，所以沒有讓球迷失望。disappoint“使失望”，動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞后用動(dòng)詞原形。故填(d)isappoint。 6．（2023·山東日照·日照二模）We are encouraged to ride bicycles for it doesn’t c air or water pollution. 【答案】(c)ause 【詳解】句意：我們被鼓勵(lì)騎自行車，因?yàn)樗粫?huì)造成空氣或水污染。根據(jù)下文“air or water pollution”可知，此處指的是造成空氣或水污染。cause作動(dòng)詞，意為“造成”，空格前為助動(dòng)詞“doesn’t”，故cause應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。故填(c)ause。 7．（2023·新疆·統(tǒng)考三模）My parents don’t a me to hang out with friends on weekdays. 【答案】(a)llow 【詳解】句意：我的父母不允許我和朋友在工作日閑逛。助動(dòng)詞don’t后面跟動(dòng)詞原形。hang out with friends on weekdays意為“和朋友在工作日閑逛”。結(jié)合首字母a可知，此處要表達(dá)“允許”的意思。也就是說“我和朋友在工作日閑逛”這種事情是不被父母允許的。allow sb. to do sth.意為“允許某人做某事”。故填(a)llow。 8．（2023·山東日照·日照市二模）—What time is it? —Just a minute, I will c it for you. 【答案】(c)heck 【詳解】句意：——現(xiàn)在幾點(diǎn)了？——請(qǐng)稍等，我?guī)湍悴橐幌?。根?jù)“What time is it?”和首字母可知，此處是指查看時(shí)間，check“查看”，動(dòng)詞，will后加動(dòng)詞原形，故填(c)heck。 9．（2023·安徽安慶·安慶三模）To be safe, students should a （避免）going out alone at night. 【答案】(a)void 【詳解】句意：為了安全起見，學(xué)生們應(yīng)該避免晚上獨(dú)自外出。根據(jù)漢語提示和首字母可知，此處應(yīng)填avoid“避免”，又因?yàn)榭涨皊hould可知，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面用動(dòng)詞原形，故填(a)void。 10．（2023·安徽合肥·統(tǒng)考二模）The kind young man p （同情） the poor and often gives away money to them. 【答案】(p)ities 【詳解】句意：這位善良的年輕人同情窮人，經(jīng)常把錢捐給他們。pity“同情”，由gives可知時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語man是單數(shù)，接動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填(p)ities。 11．（2023·安徽滁州·統(tǒng)考二模）Look, the pictures they took last week a （出現(xiàn)） on the magazine. 【答案】(a)ppear 【詳解】句意：看，他們上周拍的照片出現(xiàn)在雜志上了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子是一個(gè)含有定語從句的句子，其主句是“the pictures a… on the magazine”，由字母及中文提示可知，appear出現(xiàn)，動(dòng)詞；又根據(jù)“Look”可知，句子應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語the pictures是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞appear用原形。故填(a)ppear。 12．（2023·安徽蚌埠·統(tǒng)考二模）His efforts to better his writing p （證明是）successful. 【答案】(p)roved 【詳解】句意：他努力改進(jìn)自己的寫作，結(jié)果證明是成功的。prove“證明是”，在該句中是系動(dòng)詞，描述過去的事情時(shí)態(tài)用一般過去時(shí)，prove變?yōu)檫^去式。故填(p)roved。 13．（2023·安徽合肥·校聯(lián)考三模）Parents should know how to t (對(duì)待) boys exactly the same as girls. 【答案】(t)reat 【詳解】句意：父母應(yīng)該知道如何完全同等對(duì)待男孩和女孩。根據(jù)漢語“對(duì)待”提示，及“how to+動(dòng)詞原形”應(yīng)是treat。故填(t)reat。 14．（2023·江蘇宿遷·校聯(lián)考一模）I don’t （懷疑）that she will achieve success. 【答案】doubt 【詳解】句意：我不懷疑她將會(huì)取得成功。根據(jù)漢語“懷疑”提示及助動(dòng)詞后是動(dòng)詞原形，應(yīng)是doubt。故填doubt。 15．（2023·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考三模）Teachers (主動(dòng)提出) me a lot of help when I meet with all kinds of problems. 【答案】offer 【詳解】句意：當(dāng)我遇到各種各樣的問題時(shí)，老師會(huì)給我很多幫助。根據(jù)漢語提示可知，應(yīng)填offer“主動(dòng)提出”，本句為陳述事實(shí)，所以時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且主語Teachers為復(fù)數(shù)，所以謂語動(dòng)詞用原形，故填offer。 16．（2023·四川宜賓·統(tǒng)考二模）In order to catch the criminals, the police ask Mary to (描述) them clearly. 【答案】describe 【詳解】句意：為了抓住罪犯，警察要求瑪麗把他們描述清楚。describe“描述”，ask sb to do sth“要求某人做某事”，動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)。故填describe。 17．（2023·江蘇南京·統(tǒng)考二模）When I get home from school, I usually (放松) by watching sports programs. 【答案】relax 【詳解】句意：當(dāng)我放學(xué)回家時(shí)，我通常通過看體育節(jié)目來放松。根據(jù)漢語提示可知，relax“放松”，動(dòng)詞；根據(jù)“When I get home from school, I usually...”可知本句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語為第一人稱，所以動(dòng)詞用原形，故填relax。 18．（2022下·江蘇蘇州·九年級(jí)校聯(lián)考期中）Luckily no one was hurt, but the smoke from the fire ??(升起) straightly up in the air. 【答案】rose 【詳解】句意：幸運(yùn)的是，沒有人受傷，但大火的煙直升到空中。rise“升起”，不及物動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)was可知，此句是一般過去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過去式，故填rose。 19．（2022·廣西貴港·統(tǒng)考二模）Tom and his brother (許諾) their mother that they will do chores every day. 【答案】promise 【詳解】句意：湯姆和他的哥哥向他們的媽媽保證他們會(huì)每天做家務(wù)?！跋蚰橙顺兄Z”promise sb (that)...，由“ that they will do chores every day”可知是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞用原形。故填promise。 20．（2022·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考三模）Our teacher often (give sb. the courage to do sth.) us not to be afraid of the failure. 【答案】encourages 【詳解】句意：我們的老師經(jīng)常鼓勵(lì)我們不要害怕失敗。根據(jù)英文提示“give sb. the courage to do sth.”給某人勇氣去做某事，可知，是動(dòng)詞“encourage”，主語“Our teacher”是第三人稱單數(shù)，故填encourages。二、用所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空 21．（2023·江蘇無錫·統(tǒng)考二模）It’s reported that a deep breath often (help) when you feel stressed. 【答案】helps 【詳解】句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，當(dāng)你感到有壓力時(shí)，深呼吸通常會(huì)有所幫助。分析題干，主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句一般保持原有時(shí)態(tài)。在表語從句“a deep breath often…”中，根據(jù)主謂一致原則，此處help為不及物動(dòng)詞，作謂語，主語是“a deep breath”，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用三人稱單數(shù)形式helps。故填helps。 22．（2023·甘肅武威·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）The TV （be）invented before the car. 【答案】was 【詳解】句意：電視是在汽車發(fā)明之前發(fā)明的?！癟he TV電視”是被發(fā)明的，所以應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)（be done），主語是“The TV”，根據(jù)“before the car”可知，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，所以be動(dòng)詞用was。 23．（2023·甘肅隴南·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Do you lie (awake) thinking about things? 【答案】awake 【詳解】句意：你會(huì)躺著睡不著想事情嗎？awake“醒著的”為形容詞，空格前l(fā)ie為系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞作表語。故填awake。 24．（2023·甘肅定西·統(tǒng)考一模）There (be) two important competitions in our school last week. 【答案】were 【詳解】句意：上周我們學(xué)校有兩場(chǎng)重要的比賽。根據(jù)“two important competitions”可知，此處be動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，再由“l(fā)ast week”可知，事情發(fā)生在過去，句子應(yīng)是一般過去時(shí)，因此be動(dòng)詞要用過去式。故填were。 25．（2022·江蘇南京·統(tǒng)考中考真題）The teacher told us that the gravity on Mars (be) only about three-eighths of that on Earth. 【答案】is 【詳解】句意：老師告訴我們，火星上的重力只有地球上重力的八分之三。句子含賓語從句，從句描述客觀事實(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語“the gravity”是第三人稱單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用is。故填is。 26．（2021·江蘇無錫·校聯(lián)考二模）—You seemed busy just now. Have you got a minute now, sir? —Sure. I (reply) to an important e-mail. It’s done. So, what’s up? 【答案】was replying 【詳解】句意：——你剛才好像很忙。你現(xiàn)在有時(shí)間嗎，先生？——當(dāng)然。我在回一封重要的電子郵件。它完成了。所以，有什么事嗎？reply回復(fù)；根據(jù)下文“It’s done”，結(jié)合對(duì)方的描述“You seemed busy just now”，可知“我當(dāng)時(shí)在回復(fù)電子郵件”，需用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)；主語I是第一人稱，系動(dòng)詞需用was，故填was replying。 27．（2022·甘肅武威·統(tǒng)考二模）We will go on a picnic if it (not rain) this afternoon. 【答案】doesn’t rain 【詳解】句意：如果今天下午不下雨，我們將去野餐。在if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代將來時(shí)。rain意為“下雨”，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，構(gòu)成否定要借助助動(dòng)詞，且主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，因此助動(dòng)詞為does。根據(jù)提示可知，空處需要填寫否定形式，故填doesn’t rain。 28．（2023·上海青浦·統(tǒng)考二模）The magician surprised the audience by making the rabbit in his hat. (appear) 【答案】disappear 【詳解】句意：魔術(shù)師讓兔子消失在帽子里，讓觀眾大吃一驚。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，make sb. do sth.意為“讓某人做某事”，make是使役動(dòng)詞，后面跟動(dòng)詞原形。根據(jù)“The magician surprised the audience”和所給詞可知，是讓兔子消失在帽子里，appear“出現(xiàn)，呈現(xiàn)”，disappear“消失,不見”。故填disappear。 29．（2023·黑龍江·校聯(lián)考一模）The rich （be）not always happy. Everyone has worries. 【答案】are 【詳解】句意：富人并不總是開心的。每個(gè)人都有煩惱。根據(jù)“Everyone has worries.”可知句子是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；“the+形容詞”表示一類人，指復(fù)數(shù)，所以the rich表示復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用are。故填are。 30．（2023·湖南永州·統(tǒng)考三模）Most of the students think three years of junior high school life （be）not long. 【答案】is 【詳解】句意：大多數(shù)學(xué)生認(rèn)為三年的初中生活并不長。此句為賓語從句，“three years of junior high school life”為句子主語，中心詞為“l(fā)ife”，表示一般事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞用is。故填is。三、單項(xiàng)選擇 31．（2023·浙江·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）There ________ a number of animals in the zoo. The number of them ________ two thousand. A．is; are B．a(chǎn)re; is C．is; is D．a(chǎn)re; are 【答案】B 【詳解】句意：動(dòng)物園里有許多動(dòng)物，它們的數(shù)量是兩千。考查主謂一致。a number of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞，意思“許多……”，看作復(fù)數(shù)，故第一空用are。the number of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞，意思是“……的數(shù)量”，看作三單，故第二空用is。故選B。 32．（2023·黑龍江綏化·?？级＃㏕his pair of trousers ________ smooth because they are made of Chinese silk. A．feels B．feel C．is felt 【答案】A 【詳解】句意：這條褲子摸起來很光滑，因?yàn)樗鼈兪怯弥袊z綢做的。考查感官動(dòng)詞。feel“摸起來”，感官動(dòng)詞，無被動(dòng)語態(tài)，排除C選項(xiàng)。陳述客觀事實(shí)，句子用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語“This pair of trousers”后接動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式feels。故選A。 33．（2023·福建廈門·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）—What do you think of the song Together for a shared future? —It ________ really nice. A．looks B．smells C．sounds 【答案】C 【詳解】句意：——你覺得歌曲《一起向未來》怎么樣？——聽起來真的很好聽。考查感官動(dòng)詞。look看起來；smell聞起來；sound聽起來。根據(jù)“What do you think of the song Together for a shared future?”可知，這首歌聽起來很不錯(cuò)，故選C。 34．（2023·吉林長春·長春市解放大路學(xué)校?？级＃㏕he noodles __________ a little salty. There is no need to add more salt. A．look B．taste C．smell D．sound 【答案】B 【詳解】句意：面條嘗起來有點(diǎn)咸，沒必要再加鹽了。考查感官動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。look看起來；taste嘗起來；smell聞起來；sound聞起來。根據(jù)“The noodles…a little salty.”可知，面條有點(diǎn)咸，應(yīng)該用感官動(dòng)詞taste表示“嘗起來”。故選B。 35．（2023·黑龍江牡丹江·統(tǒng)考二模）Mike along with his parents ________ going on a self-riding journey to Tibet(西藏) next summer. A．is B．was C．a(chǎn)re 【答案】A 【詳解】句意：明年夏天，邁克和他的父母將自駕前往西藏。考查be動(dòng)詞。is是，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，用于第三人稱單數(shù)；was是，一般過去時(shí)，用于第一人稱單數(shù)、第三人稱單數(shù)；are是，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，用于第二人稱單復(fù)數(shù)、第一和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)“next summer”可知本句時(shí)態(tài)為一般將來時(shí)，be+v-ing可表示將來的打算，主語為“Mike”，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，故選A。 36．（2023·福建泉州·統(tǒng)考三模）—Something ________ good. —I think it’s beef steak in the pan. A．looks B．tastes C．smells 【答案】C 【詳解】句意：——聞起來真香。——我想是鍋里的牛排。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。looks看起來；tastes嘗起來；smells聞起來。根據(jù)“I think it’s beef steak in the pan.”可知，是鍋里的牛排，因此應(yīng)該是聞起來很香。故選C。 37．（2023·安徽合肥·統(tǒng)考三模）—What happened? —Jack phoned me last evening, and his voice ________ strange on the phone. A．looked B．sounded C．tasted D．smelled 【答案】B 【詳解】句意：——發(fā)生什么了？——杰克昨晚上給我打電話，他的聲音在電話里聽起來很奇怪。考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。looked看上去；sounded聽起來；tasted嘗起來；smelled聞起來。根據(jù)“and his voice … strange on the phone”可知，此處指聲音聽起來奇怪。故選B。 38．（2023·甘肅平?jīng)觥ば？既＃猋our e-mail address again? I ________ quite catch it. A．can’t B．couldn’t C．don’t D．didn’t 【答案】D 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。can’t不能；couldn’t不能，過去式；don’t沒有；didn’t沒有，過去式。根據(jù)“Your e-mail address again?”可知是剛才沒有跟上，故此處表示過去的動(dòng)作，變否定句借助助動(dòng)詞didn’t。故選D。 39．（2023·湖南株洲·統(tǒng)考一模）In the latest talk show, his joke made all of us ________. A．laugh B．to laugh C．laughing 【答案】A 【詳解】句意：在最近的脫口秀節(jié)目中，他的笑話把我們都逗笑了。考查使役動(dòng)詞make的用法。make“使，讓”，用法是：make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”。故選A。 40．（2023·黑龍江綏化·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）We are supposed to ________ a hobby instead of spending much time on smartphones. A．take up B．put off C．give out 【答案】A 【詳解】句意：我們應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成一種愛好，而不是花很多時(shí)間在智能手機(jī)上。考查動(dòng)詞短語。take up養(yǎng)成；put off推遲；give out分發(fā)。根據(jù)“a hobby”可知是培養(yǎng)一個(gè)愛好。故選A。 41．（2023·吉林·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Lots of fans stood outside the hotel and hoped to see the popular singer, but she didn’t ________. A．stay up B．give up C．show up 【答案】C 【詳解】句意：很多歌迷站在酒店外，希望能見到這位流行歌手，但她沒有露面。考查動(dòng)詞短語。stay up熬夜；give up放棄；show up出現(xiàn)，露面。根據(jù)“hoped to see the popular singer”可知此處show up“露面”符合語境，歌迷希望見到這位歌手，但她沒有露面。故選C。 42．（2023·吉林長春·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Can you help me to ________ my dog when I’m away on holiday? A．look at B．look after C．look like D．look up 【答案】B 【詳解】句意：當(dāng)我去度假的時(shí)候，你能幫我照顧一下我的狗嗎？考查動(dòng)詞短語。look at看；look after照顧；look like看起來像；look up查閱。根據(jù)“Can you help me to...my dog when I’m away on holiday?”可知，此處是幫我照顧我的狗。故選B。 43．（2023·安徽·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）With the development of science and technology, cars have _________ horses for people to travel in. A．knocked over B．thrown over C．checked over D．taken over 【答案】D 【詳解】句意：隨著科技的發(fā)展，汽車已經(jīng)取代了馬供人們出行。考查動(dòng)詞短語。knocked over偷竊；thrown over拋棄；checked over檢查；taken over接替，取而代之。根據(jù)“cars have... horses for people to travel in.”可知，在人們出行方面應(yīng)是汽車取代了馬，故選D。 44．（2023·安徽宣城·安徽省宣城市第三中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）That photo always ________ wonderful memories whenever I see it. A．puts off B．brings back C．writes down D．makes up 【答案】B 【詳解】句意：每當(dāng)我看到那張照片時(shí)，它總是讓我回想起美好的回憶。考查動(dòng)詞短語。put off推遲；bring back使……回憶起來；write down寫下；make up構(gòu)成。根據(jù)“wonderful memories whenever I see it.”可知，照片總能使我回憶起美好的記憶。故選B。 45．（2023·福建龍巖·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）We can always find something good in a bad situation if we ________ it. A．look for B．listen to C．talk about 【答案】A 【詳解】句意：如果我們尋找，我們總能在糟糕的情況下發(fā)現(xiàn)好的事情。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。look for尋找；listen to聽；talk about談?wù)?。根?jù)“We can always find something good in a bad situation if we … it”可知，如果尋找，會(huì)在糟糕的情況下發(fā)現(xiàn)好的事情，故選A。 46．（2023·浙江溫州·校聯(lián)考二模）The classroom is very dirty. You need to ________. A．clean up it B．clean them up C．clean up them D．clean it up 【答案】D 【詳解】句意：教室很臟。你得把它清理干凈。考查動(dòng)詞短語和代詞辨析。it它；them它們。此處是代指classroom，應(yīng)用it；clean up是“動(dòng)詞+副詞”短語，人稱代詞作賓語，應(yīng)放中間，故選D。 47．（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·校聯(lián)考一模）The best thing we can do is to ________ the kindness to the people around us in order to make the society better. A．a(chǎn)gree on B．hold on C．live on D．pass on 【答案】D 【詳解】句意：為了讓社會(huì)變得更好，我們能做的最好的事情就是把善良傳遞給我們周圍的人。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。agree on對(duì)……取得一致意見；hold on堅(jiān)持；live on以……為食；pass on傳遞。根據(jù)“the kindness to the people around us”可知，這里指把善良傳遞給周圍的人。故選D。 48．（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·統(tǒng)考一模）—Hello, can I speak to the Customer Service Department??? —Hold on, please. I’ll help you ________. A．put out B．put in C．put through D．put together 【答案】C 【詳解】句意：——你好，我可以跟客服部門通話嗎？——請(qǐng)稍等。我會(huì)幫你接通電話。考查動(dòng)詞短語。put out熄滅；put in投入；put through接通電話；put together組合。根據(jù)“can I speak to the Customer Service Department”和“I’ll help you”可知，應(yīng)是要幫忙接通客服部的電話，故選C。 49．（2023·江蘇宿遷·校聯(lián)考一模）If we don’t take action right now, natural resources will ________ sooner or later. A．run out B．turn out C．take out D．put out 【答案】A 【詳解】句意：如果我們現(xiàn)在不采取行動(dòng)，自然資源遲早會(huì)耗盡。考查動(dòng)詞短語。run out用盡；turn out結(jié)果是；take out取出；put out撲滅。根據(jù)“If we don’t take action right now, natural resources will…sooner or later.”可知是讓我們盡快采取行動(dòng)，所以空處填“用盡”符合句意，其他選項(xiàng)意思不符。故選A。 50．（2023·江蘇泰州·?？既＃狦ood news! A company producing a special battery will be set up in Taizhou. —True! A series of new policies have ________ the use of new energy cars around China recently. A．pushed in B．put out C．pushed for D．put up 【答案】C 【詳解】句意：——好消息！臺(tái)州將成立一家生產(chǎn)特殊電池的公司?！娴?！最近，一系列新政策推動(dòng)了中國各地新能源汽車的使用。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。pushed in插隊(duì)；put out撲滅；pushed for奮力爭取，推動(dòng)；put up張貼。根據(jù)“A series of new policies have … the use of new energy cars around China”可知，新政策推動(dòng)了新能源汽車的使用，故選C。四、多句選詞填空（2023·江蘇連云港·統(tǒng)考二模）從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~或短語并用其正確的形式填空 (每個(gè)詞或短語只能用一次)。 51． , Daniel often helps look after the animals at Xinpu Zoo. 52．The old tree soon because of the disease. Holly wants to plant a new one there. 53．Jack isn’t at school today. Would you be kind enough to him, Suzy? 54．In Garden Expo Park, I found a foreign passport and returned it to him at once. 55．Look! Kitty the shopping list quickly and working out the price. 56．“Peter, you should your homework tomorrow morning.” The teacher said. 57．David his pen-friend at 8 o’clock last night. 58．Tom always outer space and dreams of becoming an astronaut. 59．Shirley spends time on Tiktok in her class. She thinks it’s a waste of time. 60．So far, the scientists a whole new world to us in AI. 【答案】 51．In his spare time 52．will be cut down 53．to take a message 54．visitor’s 55．is looking through 56．hand in 57．was writing to 58．shows an interest in 59．the least 60．have opened up 【解析】51．句意：在業(yè)余時(shí)間，丹尼爾經(jīng)常在新浦動(dòng)物園幫忙照看動(dòng)物。根據(jù)“Daniel often helps look after the animals at Xinpu Zoo”及備選詞可知，這里指在業(yè)余時(shí)間，in one’s spare time意為“在某人業(yè)余時(shí)間”，主語為 Daniel，one’s用his，句首首字母大寫，故填I(lǐng)n his spare time。 52．句意：這棵老樹很快就會(huì)因?yàn)樯《豢车??；衾朐谀抢锓N一棵新的。根據(jù)“Holly wants to plant a new one there.”及備選詞可知，是指老樹被砍倒，cut down意為“砍倒”，和主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，該句為一般將來時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“will be+動(dòng)詞過去分詞”，故填will be cut down。 53．句意：杰克今天不在學(xué)校。蘇西，你能給他留個(gè)口信嗎？根據(jù)“Jack isn’t at school today.”及備選詞可知，這里指給他留個(gè)口信，take a message意為“捎口信”，“be+adj.+enough+to do”意為“足夠……能做某事”，故填to take a message。 54．句意：在園博園，我發(fā)現(xiàn)了一本外國游客的護(hù)照，并立即把護(hù)照還給了他。根據(jù)“returned it to him at once”及備選詞可知，這里指外國游客的護(hù)照，visit意為“參觀”，“游客”為visitor，空格處修飾名詞且在不定冠詞a后，所以用名詞所有格visitor’s，故填visitor’s。 55．句意：看！凱蒂正在快速地瀏覽購物清單，并計(jì)算出價(jià)格。根據(jù)“the shopping list quickly and working out the price”及備選詞可知，是指瀏覽購物清單，look through意為“瀏覽”，又根據(jù)“Look!”可知，該句為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“am/is/are+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞”，主語為Kitty，be動(dòng)詞用is，故填is looking through。 56．句意：“彼得，你明天早上應(yīng)該交作業(yè)?！崩蠋熣f。根據(jù)“your homework”及備選詞可知，是指上交作業(yè)，hand in意為“上交”，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should后跟動(dòng)詞原形，故填hand in。 57．句意：大衛(wèi)昨晚8點(diǎn)在給他的筆友寫信。根據(jù)“his pen-friend”及備選詞可知，是指給筆友寫信，write to意為“寫信”，又根據(jù)“at 8 o’clock last night”可知，該句應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“was/were+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞”，主語為David，be動(dòng)詞用was，故填was writing to。 58．句意：湯姆總是對(duì)外太空表現(xiàn)出興趣，并夢(mèng)想成為一名宇航員。根據(jù)“dreams of becoming an astronaut”及備選詞可知，是指對(duì)外太空表現(xiàn)出興趣，show an interest in意為“對(duì)……表現(xiàn)出興趣”，又根據(jù)always可知，該句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語為Tom，謂語動(dòng)詞用單三形式，故填shows an interest in。 59．句意：雪莉在抖音上花的時(shí)間是班上最少的。她認(rèn)為這是在浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。根據(jù)“She thinks it’s a waste of time.”及備選詞可知，是指在抖音上花的時(shí)間是班上最少的，little意為“少的”，其最高級(jí)為the least，故填the least。 60．句意：到目前為止，科學(xué)家們?cè)谌斯ぶ悄茴I(lǐng)域?yàn)槲覀兇蜷_了一個(gè)全新的世界。根據(jù)“a whole new world to us”及備選詞可知，這里指打開了一個(gè)全新的世界，open up意為“打開”，又根據(jù)“So far”可知，該句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“have/has+動(dòng)詞過去分詞”，主語為“the scientists”，助動(dòng)詞用have，故填have opened up。五、語法填空（2023·江蘇宿遷·校聯(lián)考一模）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式填空, 使短文完整。 Major General Jing Haipeng, one of the first generation of Chinese astronauts, is the first Chinese person 61 （return）to space and travel three 62 （time）into orbit. On Tuesday, he would carry out a fourth space journey through Shenzhou XVI mission. So far, he 63 （be）a crew commander for the third time. Born to a poor family in a village in Shanxi province’s Yuncheng city, Jing is the first child of his farmer parents. Jing studied very hard at school in the hope of 64 （go）to university to get the family out of poverty and make his parents happy. So he never 65 （buy）a single meal at middle school and lived on dry food and salted vegetables he brought from home. “The hard life had not only given me the courage to face so many 66 （difficulty）and challenges, but also inspired（鼓舞）me to chase my dream.” he said. “At middle school, I wished I could become a fighter jet pilot, protecting our motherland’s blue skies.” Jing said. The chance soon came in March 1985, the young man applied and took part in the choice process successfully. Three months 67 （late）, he went to an Air Force flight college in Baoding, Hebei province. After five and a half years of strong training, Jing was designated to a fighter jet unit at the age of 24. “I always told 68 （I）that top pilots only come from those who train hardest.” Jing said. In the years in the fighter jet unit, he 69 （consider）as an excellent pilot. In the summer of 1996, Jing was told 70 （experience）physical exams by his leader without knowing the reason. He soon learned that the body check was part of the choice for China’s first astronauts. 【答案】 61．to return 62．times 63．has been 64．going 65．bought 66．difficulties 67．later 68．myself 69．was considered 70．to experience 【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了中國航天員景海鵬。 61．句意：景海鵬少將是中國第一代宇航員之一，是第一位返回太空并三次進(jìn)入軌道的中國人。the first person to do“第一個(gè)做……的人”，固定搭配，所以此空應(yīng)填return“返回”的不定式形式，故填to return。 62．句意：景海鵬少將是中國第一代宇航員之一，是第一位返回太空并三次進(jìn)入軌道的中國人。根據(jù)“...travel three...into orbit.”可知，此處表示three times“三次”，故填times。 63．句意：到目前為止，他已經(jīng)是第三次擔(dān)任機(jī)組指揮官了。根據(jù)“So far”可知，本句為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，其構(gòu)成為have/has+done，又因?yàn)橹髡Zhe為第三人稱單數(shù)，所以謂語動(dòng)詞用三單，故填has been。 64．句意：景在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)很努力，希望能上大學(xué)，讓家里擺脫貧困，讓父母幸福。因?yàn)榭涨坝薪樵~of，所以此空應(yīng)填go“去”的動(dòng)名詞形式，故填going。 65．句意：因此，他在中學(xué)時(shí)從未買過一頓飯，靠從家里帶來的干糧和咸菜生活。and連接并列成分，結(jié)合動(dòng)詞lived可知，此空應(yīng)填buy的過去式，故填bought。 66．句意：艱苦的生活不僅讓我有勇氣面對(duì)如此多的困難和挑戰(zhàn)，也激勵(lì)我追逐夢(mèng)想。many后加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以此空應(yīng)填difficulty“困難”的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填difficulties。 67．句意：三個(gè)月后，他去了河北保定的一所空軍飛行學(xué)院。根據(jù)“Three months..., he went to an Air Force flight college in Baoding, Hebei province.”可知，此處表示三個(gè)月后，three months later“三個(gè)月后”，故填later。 68．句意：我一直告訴自己，頂尖的飛行員只來自那些訓(xùn)練最刻苦的人。根據(jù)“I always told...that top pilots only come from those who train hardest.”可知，此處表示景海鵬告誡自己，所以此空應(yīng)填I(lǐng)的反身代詞形式myself，故填myself。 69．句意：在戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)部隊(duì)的幾年里，他被認(rèn)為是一名優(yōu)秀的飛行員。he與consider為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，其構(gòu)成為：be+done，又因?yàn)椤癐n the years in the fighter jet unit”可知，本句為一般過去時(shí)，主語he為第三人稱單數(shù)，be用was，故填was considered。 70．句意：1996年夏天，景在不知道原因的情況下，被領(lǐng)導(dǎo)叫去參加體檢。be told to do“被告知去做某事”，固定搭配，所以此空填experience“經(jīng)歷”的不定式形式，故填to experience。 1．（2023·青海·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thanks to the help of the government, farmers in China are ________ a happier and richer life. A．living B．changing C．planting 【答案】A 【詳解】句意：由于政府的幫助，中國農(nóng)民過上了更加幸福和富裕的生活。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。living（以某種方式）生活，過日子；changing改變；planting種植。根據(jù)“farmers in China are ... a happier and richer life”可知是過著更加幸福和富裕的生活。故選A。 2．（2023·青?！そy(tǒng)考中考真題）We are deeply _________ by the story of Mu Shengzhong, whose team started building road in Haixi in the 1950s. A．hurt B．moved C．troubled 【答案】B 【詳解】句意：我們被慕生忠的故事深深打動(dòng)，他的團(tuán)隊(duì)在20世紀(jì)50年代開始在海西修路?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。hurt受傷；moved感動(dòng)；troubled麻煩。根據(jù)“whose team started building road in Haixi in the 1950s”可知在海西修路，故事令人感動(dòng)。故選B。 3．（2023·青?！そy(tǒng)考中考真題）According to the World Happiness Report 2023, Finland (芬蘭) is the world’s happiest country. People ________ more time with families and friends there. A．cost B．spend C．pay 【答案】B 【詳解】句意：根據(jù)《2023年世界幸福報(bào)告》，芬蘭是世界上最幸福的國家。人們花更多的時(shí)間與家人和朋友在一起。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。cost花費(fèi)，主語是物；spend花費(fèi)，主語是人；pay支付，主語是人。根據(jù)“People ... more time with families and friends there.”可知此處指花費(fèi)時(shí)間和家人、朋友在一起，主語是人，用spend。故選B。 4．（2023·湖北十堰·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—The air in our city becomes fresher and fresher. —I think so. To cut down air pollution, many factories ________ new energy cars. A．produce B．throw C．cancel D．divide 【答案】A 【詳解】句意：——我們城市的空氣變得越來越新鮮?！蚁胧堑?。為了減少空氣污染，許多工廠生產(chǎn)新能源汽車。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。produce生產(chǎn)；throw扔；cancel取消；divide分開。根據(jù)“To cut down air pollution, many factories … new energy cars.”可知，為了減少空氣污染而生產(chǎn)了新能源汽車，故選A。 5．（2023·湖北十堰·統(tǒng)考中考真題）My friend promised to come to my birthday party. However, he didn’t ________ in the end. A．give up B．cut up C．show up D．pick up 【答案】C 【詳解】句意：我的朋友答應(yīng)來參加我的生日聚會(huì)。然而，他最終沒有出現(xiàn)。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。give up放棄；cut up切碎；show up出現(xiàn)，露面；pick up拾起。根據(jù)“My friend promised to come to my birthday party”及“However”可知，答應(yīng)來參加生日聚會(huì)但是沒有出現(xiàn)，故選C。 6．（2023·山東青島·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Tom, an English doctor, hopes to go ________ for vacation. China is his first choice. A．back B．down C．a(chǎn)broad D．up 【答案】C 【詳解】句意：湯姆是一名英國醫(yī)生，他希望出國度假。中國是他的首選。考查副詞辨析。back返回；down向下；abroad出國；up向上。根據(jù)“Tom, an English doctor, hopes to go...for vacation. China is his first choice.”可知，是希望出國度假，故選C。 7．（2023·山東青島·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Are you ready for the show? —No. It’s easy to ________ a play but difficult to act it out. A．make up B．take up C．look up D．put up 【答案】A 【詳解】句意：——你準(zhǔn)備好表演了嗎？——不。編一個(gè)劇本很容易，但要把它演出來卻很難。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。make up編造；take up占據(jù)；look up查詢；put up張貼。根據(jù)“It’s easy to … a play but difficult to act it out”可知，此處指編劇本很容易，故選A。 8．（2023·山東東營·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Scientists found that dogs may know human’s feelings by ________ our breath and sweat (汗). A．tasting B．smelling C．touching D．watching 【答案】B 【詳解】句意：科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，狗狗可能通過聞我們的呼吸和汗水來了解人類的感受。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。tasting品嘗；smelling聞；touching觸摸；watching觀看。根據(jù)“know human’s feelings by ... our breath and sweat”可推出是通過聞人類的呼吸和汗水來了解人類的感受。故選B。 9．（2023·山東東營·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Using public transportation is a good way to ________ air pollution. A．deal with B．check out C．care about D．take down 【答案】A 【詳解】句意：使用公共交通工具是處理空氣污染的好方法。考查動(dòng)詞短語。deal with處理；check out結(jié)賬；care about關(guān)心；take down拆除。根據(jù)“Using public transportation is a good way to ... air pollution.”可知此處講處理空氣污染的好方法。故選A。 10．（2023·江蘇徐州·中考真題）I loved the book so much that I could hardly ________. A．put it up B．put it down C．put it on D．put it out 【答案】B 【詳解】句意：我太喜歡這本書了，簡直愛不釋手。考查動(dòng)詞短語。put up張貼；put down放下；put on穿上；put out撲滅。根據(jù)“I loved the book so much”可知，“我”非常喜歡這本書，幾乎放不下。故選B。 11．（2023·江蘇徐州·中考真題）If you put all your eggs in one basket, you ________ losing everything all at one time. A．risk B．enjoy C．a(chǎn)void D．consider 【答案】A 【詳解】句意：如果你把所有的雞蛋放在一個(gè)籃子里，你就有可能一次失去一切。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。risk冒……的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；enjoy喜歡；avoid避免；consider考慮。根據(jù)“If you put all your eggs in one basket, you…losing everything all at one time.”可知，如果把雞蛋放在一個(gè)籃子里，就會(huì)有失去全部的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選A。 12．（2023·遼寧丹東·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Dad, what are you cooking? It ________ so good. —The main dish for our dinner. You will like it. A．gets B．smells C．sounds D．tastes 【答案】B 【詳解】句意：——爸爸，你在做什么？聞起來真香。——我們晚餐的主菜。你會(huì)喜歡的。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。get變得；smell聞起來；sound聽起來；taste嘗起來。根據(jù)“Dad, what are you cooking? It...so good.”結(jié)合語境可知，因?yàn)槁勂饋砗芟?，所以問爸爸在做什么，故選B。 13．（2023·遼寧丹東·統(tǒng)考中考真題）On September 1, students ________ their new school uniforms to go to school happily. A．take off B．give away C．make up D．put on 【答案】D 【詳解】句意：9月1日，學(xué)生們穿上新校服高高興興地去上學(xué)。考查動(dòng)詞短語。take off起飛；give away贈(zèng)送；make up編造；put on穿上。根據(jù)“students...their new school uniforms”可知是指穿上新校服，故選D。 14．（2023·遼寧丹東·統(tǒng)考中考真題）You should ________ the time with your parents because you will leave them when you grow up. A．change B．stop C．a(chǎn)void D．value 【答案】D 【詳解】句意：你應(yīng)該珍惜和父母在一起的時(shí)間，因?yàn)槟汩L大后會(huì)離開他們。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。change改變；stop停止；avoid避免；value珍惜。根據(jù)“You should … the time with your parents because you will leave them when you grow up.”可知，長大后會(huì)離開父母，所以要珍惜和父母在一起的時(shí)間，故選D。 15．（2023·湖北恩施·中考真題）The scarf ________ soft. I like it very much. A．tastes B．feels C．sounds 【答案】B 【詳解】句意：這條圍巾摸起來很軟。我非常喜歡它。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。tastes嘗起來；feels摸起來；sounds聽起來。根據(jù)“The scarf…soft.”可知，圍巾摸起來很軟。故選B。 16．（2023·遼寧撫順·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Linda likes to ________ pens and she has had all kinds of pens so far. A．collect B．throw C．lose D．give 【答案】A 【詳解】句意：琳達(dá)喜歡收藏鋼筆，到目前為止，她已經(jīng)有各種各樣的鋼筆了。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。collect收集，收藏；throw扔掉；lose丟失；give給予。根據(jù)“she has had all kinds of pens so far”可知，她有各種各樣的鋼筆，說明她喜歡收藏鋼筆。故選A。 17．（2023·吉林長春·統(tǒng)考中考真題）My friend can always _______ good ideas to solve his problems. A．keep away from B．take care of C．get on with D．come up with 【答案】D 【詳解】句意：我的朋友總能想起好主意來解決他的問題。考查動(dòng)詞短語。keep away from遠(yuǎn)離；take care of照顧；get on with相處；come up with想起。根據(jù)“good ideas to solve his problems”可知想起解決問題的好主意。故選D。 18．（2023·江蘇無錫·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Let’s go and get something to eat. What do you ________? —How about fish and chips? A．suggest B．imagine C．suppose D．insist 【答案】A 【詳解】句意：——我們?nèi)コ渣c(diǎn)東西吧。你有什么建議？——魚和薯?xiàng)l怎么樣？考查動(dòng)詞辨析。suggest建議；imagine想象；suppose設(shè)想；insist堅(jiān)持。根據(jù)“How about fish and chips”可知，詢問對(duì)方的建議，故選A。 19．（2023·遼寧沈陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）When autumn comes, leaves start to ________ from the trees. A．grow B．fall C．a(chǎn)ppear D．come 【答案】B 【詳解】句意：當(dāng)秋天來臨時(shí)，樹葉開始從樹上落下。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。grow成長；fall落下；appear出現(xiàn)；come來。根據(jù)“When autumn comes”結(jié)合常識(shí)可知秋天樹葉會(huì)落下。故選B。 20．（2023·江蘇泰州·中考真題）Zhang Hua, our monitor, is organized and thoughtful enough to ________ time well. A．reduce B．manage C．control D．influence 【答案】B 【詳解】句意：張華，我們的班長，有條理，有思想，能很好地管理時(shí)間。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。reduce減少；manage管理；control控制；influence影響。根據(jù)“Zhang Hua, our monitor, is organized and thoughtful enough to...time well.”可知，有條理，所以能很好地管理自己的時(shí)間，故選B。 21．（2023·江蘇泰州·中考真題）Most neighbours ________ the habit of square dancing to create a quieter environment for us. A．get into B．care about C．carry on D．give up 【答案】D 【詳解】句意：為了給我們創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更安靜的環(huán)境，大多數(shù)鄰居都放棄了跳廣場(chǎng)舞的習(xí)慣。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。get into陷入；care about關(guān)心；carry on繼續(xù)；give up放棄。根據(jù)“Most neighbours...the habit of square dancing to create a quieter environment for us.”可知，創(chuàng)造更安靜的環(huán)境，所以是放棄跳廣場(chǎng)舞，故選D。 22．（2023·新疆·中考真題）—What abilities should a dog trainer have? —I think he should be responsible and never ___________. A．give away B．give out C．give back D．give up 【答案】D 【詳解】句意：——訓(xùn)犬師應(yīng)該具備什么能力？——我認(rèn)為他應(yīng)該負(fù)責(zé)任，永不放棄。考查動(dòng)詞短語。give away捐贈(zèng)；give out分發(fā)；give back還回來；give up放棄。根據(jù)“he should be responsible and never”可知應(yīng)該有責(zé)任感，并且不輕易放棄。故選D。 23．（2023·四川遂寧·中考真題）—It’s said that ChatGPT has both good and bad sides. —Well, it all ________ how you use it A．leads to B．sounds like C．turns into D．depends on 【答案】D 【詳解】句意：——據(jù)說ChatGPT既有好的方面又有差的方面?！?，完全取決于你怎么使用它。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。leads to導(dǎo)致；sounds like聽起來像；turns into變成；depends on取決于。根據(jù)“...how you use it”可知是取決于如何使用。故選D。 24．（2023·遼寧·統(tǒng)考中考真題）While staying in Beijing, the foreigners like to ________ in Beijing hutongs. A．hang out B．bring out C．try out D．set out 【答案】A 【詳解】句意：在北京逗留期間，外國人喜歡在北京的胡同里閑逛。考查動(dòng)詞短語。hang out閑逛；bring out生產(chǎn)；try out試驗(yàn)；set out出發(fā)。根據(jù)“in Beijing hutongs”可知，是指在胡同里閑逛，故選A。 25．（2023·遼寧·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Will Mr. Li come to the party? —Yes. He ________ my invitation happily. A．reached B．a(chǎn)ccepted C．a(chǎn)chieved D．expressed 【答案】B 【詳解】句意：——李先生會(huì)來參加聚會(huì)嗎？——是的。他愉快地接受了我的邀請(qǐng)。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。reached到達(dá)；accepted接受；achieved實(shí)現(xiàn)；expressed表達(dá)。根據(jù)“my invitation”可知，是接受了我的邀請(qǐng)，會(huì)來參加聚會(huì)。故選B。 visit;????write to;?????cut down;????look through;????show an interest in; little;????open up;?????hand in;????take a message;????in one’s spare time

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