精品解析：福建師范大學第二附屬中學2021-2022學年高二上學期10月月考英語試題（含答案）-試卷下載-教習網(wǎng)

第二部分閱讀（20分）
第一節(jié) 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A,B,C,D四個選項中選出最佳選項。
A
Milwaukee, Wiscnsin, is rad testing a new way t keep winter rads ice-free – by spreading n them cheese brine, the salty liquid used t make sft cheese, like mzzarella.
Wiscnsin, als called "America's Dairyland," is famus fr its cheese. The state prduced 2.8 billin punds f cheese last year! a result, there was a lt f leftver cheese brine. Dispsing f(處置)the brine can be expensive. S what shuld cheese makers d with the waste?
Nrmally, twns use rck salt t de-ice streets. The salt lwers waters' freezing pint, causing ice t melt(融化). But using cheese brine culd help bth cheese prducers and cities save mney, while keeping rads safe. Cheese brine has salt in it, which, like the rck salt, helps lwer water's freezing pint.
In additin t saving mney, cheese brine culd als be a mre envirnment-friendly ptin. Many peple suspect that all the rck salt used every winter is harming the envirnment.
Rck salt is made f sdium chlride, the sane cn-pund (化合物)in rdinary table salt. Sunds harmless, right? But while yu prbably add nly a small amunt f salt t yur fd, rad crews spread abut 20 millin tns f salt n U.S. Rads every year!
The chemical washes ff rads and ges int the grund. There it can pllute drinking water, harm plants. and eat away sil. By spreading cheese brine n streets befre adding a layer f rck salt, Milwaukee may be able t cut its rck salt use by 30 percent.
Cheese brine has a dwnside t – a shell similar t that f bad milk. "I dn't really mind it," Emil Nrby tld Mdern Farmer magazine. He wrks fr ne f Wiscnsin's cunty highway cmmissins and came up with the idea f using cheese brine. "Our rads smell like Wiscnsin!" he said.
1．Why can cheese brine help keep winter rads ice-free?
A．It is sft.B．It cntains salt.C．It is warm.D．It has milk in it.
2．What is a benefit f using cheese urine n rads?
A．Imprving air quality.B．Increasing sales f rck salt.
C．Reducing water pllutin.D．Saving the cheese industry.
3．Milwaukee's new way t de-ice streets may be an example f_______________.
A．barking up the wrng treeB．putting the cart befre the hrse
C．rbbing Peter t pay PaulD．killing tw birds with ne stne
B
A bks-fr-fd prgram in Guatemala is helping feed needy children as hunger rates rise during the pandemic(疫情). It is run by a lcal nnprfit rganizatin that aims t feed nearly 400 children.
The prgram is simple. Peple chse a bk they want frm a list f dnated titles, and in return give bags f Incaparina, a high-prtein drink mix. Bnifaz Diaz wrks fr the prgram. By bringing the bks-fr-fd prgram directly t peple's hmes, Diaz makes sure dnatins keep flwing. He has traveled mre than 2,000 kilmeters n his bicycle, delivered lads f bks and carried back thusands f kilgrams f Incaparina fr the nnprfit grup 32 Vlcanes. Diaz smetimes pulls a small cart that helps him carry up t 57 kilgrams f prduct. He has traveled as far as 60 kilmeters fr a delivery t a twn in the Western Highlands, where rad cnditins are pr.
Nearly a year int the bks-fr-fd prgram, tw mre cyclists have jined Diaz and dnatins keep flwing in. Ana Castill is a 29-year-ld high schl teacher wh recently received the scilgy bk frm Diaz. She dnates t the prgram ften. The 1.8 kilgrams f Incaparina she prvided will help ne family eat fr a mnth.
Castill lks frward t chsing her bks frm the titles Diaz psts n scial media. She als lves the feeling f a "grwing circle" f giving and receiving. "Yu might nt get t thse places, but yur help can. "she says.
Diaz says he plans t cntinue cycling against hunger as lng as the need exists. He has faced his wn ecnmic difficulties since the theater cmpany he c-funded clsed last spring. But the prgram has kept him active. "It's an pprtunity t serve in which we all benefit. "Diaz said.
4．What is the purpse f the prgram?
A．T serve the readers.
B．T prduce Incaparina.
C．T ffer pr children fd.
D．T fight the pandemic.
5．What did Diaz d fr the prgram?
A．He set up a scial media.
B．He made dnatins frequently.
C．He rented a cart t carry gds.
D．He traveled t deliver bks and fd.
6．Hw is the prgram ging nw?
A．Mre peple are invlved in it.
B．Only tw cyclists wrk fr it.
C．Over 400 adults benefit frm it.
D．Financial difficulties put it t an end.
7．Which wrd best describes Diaz's attitude twards the prgram?
A．Indifferent.
B．Supprtive.
C．Tlerant.
D．Unwilling
C
Imagine yu fund a wallet cntaining a stranger's cntact details but n cash. Wuld yu return it t its wner? Nw imagine the same wallet cntained a few bankntes. Wuld that change yur respnse? Des it depend n the amunt f mney? And hw d yu think ther peple wuld react?
Hnesty makes the wrld g rund. Withut peple trusting in ne anther, sciety wuld fall apart. Hnesty is therefre studied academically. Mst wrk,in the area thugh, takes place under cntrlled cnditins in labs, ften featuring( 以..為特點) well-ff and well-educated Westerners as its subjects. By cntrast Alain Chn f the University f Michigan and his clleagues have taken such behaviral ecnmics arund the wrld, cvering 40 cuntries, 355 cities and mre than 17,000 peple.
As the team reprt this week in Science, Dr Chn's research assistants entered public buildings. They handed in a wallet t the receptinist, saying they had fund it n the street utside. Each wallet cntains cntact details. Imprtantly, sme wallets als included $13.45, while thers nt. Then, the team simply waited t see wh wuld return the wallet.
In 38 f the 40 cuntries, the wallets with mney were returned mre ften than thse withut (51% Vs 40%). In additin, wallets cntaining a larger sum f mney ($94.15) were even mre likely (by abut anther 10%) t be returned than thse with less.
With greater temptatin(誘惑), then, cmes greater hnesty-- at least when it cmes t lst wallets. Interestingly, thugh, such hnesty is nt reflected in peple's expectatins f thers. When surveyed, mst f 299 vlunteers predicted that the mre mney in a wallet, the less likely it wuld be returned.
A certain dubt abut the mtives f, thers is prbably gd fr survival. But the warm inner thught f “ding the right thing"” is als a pwerful mtivatin. Hw this altruism develped is much debated—particularly when it extends, as in Dr Chn's experiments, t strangers whm the altruist has n expectatin f ever meeting. Be that as it may, as this study shws, such altruism is real and universal.
8．Hw is Alain Chn's research different frm the previus?
A．It was carried ut in cntrlled situatins.
B．Mre scientists participated in the research.
C．It cvered varied subjects and backgrunds.
D．It tk n accunt f well-educated Westerners.
9．What can we learn frm the research?
A．Rate f hnesty varies amng cuntries.
B．Peple prefer returning wallets withut mney.
C．The less mney in a wallet, the higher rate f returning.
D．Wallets with mre mney are mre likely t be given back.
10．What des the underlined wrd“altruism”in the last paragraph mean?
A．Dubt f thers' mtivatins.B．Understanding f peple's dubt.
C．The mtivatin fr survival.D．Cncern fr thers' needs.
11．What's the best title fr the text?
A．Mney answers all things.B．Hnesty questined in face f mney.
C．Mney desn't make the wrld g rund.D．T be r nt t be, that's the questin.
D
Edward Wilsn is America’s, if nt the wrld’s, leading naturalist. In The Future f Life, he takes us n a tur f the wrld’s natural resurces. Hw are they used? What has been lst? What remains and is it able t cntinue with the present speed f use? Wilsn als pints ut the need t understand fully the bidiversity f ur earth.
Wilsn begins with an pen letter t the pineer in envirnment prtectin, Henry David Threau. He cmpares tday’s Walden Pnd with that f Threau’s day. Wilsn will use such cmparisns fr the rest f the bk. The prblem is clear：man has dne great damage t his hme ver the years. Can the earth, with human help, be made t return t bidiversity levels that will be able t supprt us in the future?
Bidiversity, Wilsn argues, is the key t settling many prblems the earth faces tday. Even ur agricultural crps can gain advantages frm it. A mere hundred species are the basis f ur fd supply, f which but twenty carry the lad. Wilsn suggests changing this situatin by lking int ten thusand species that culd be made use f, which will be a way t reduce the clearing f the natural hmes f plants and animals t enlarge farming areas.
At the end f the bk, Wilsn discusses the imprtance f human values in cnsidering the envirnment. If yu are t cntinue t live n the earth, yu may as well read and act n the ideas in this bk.
12．What des Wilsn care mst abut？
A．The bidiversity f ur earth.B．The envirnment fr plants.
C．The wastes f natural resurces.D．The imprtance f human values.
13．Hw many species are mst imprtant t ur present fd supply?
A．Ten thusand.B．One hundred.C．Twenty.D．Eighty.
14．What des Wilsn suggest t keep bidiversity?
A．Building hmes fr sme dying species.
B．Using mre species fr fd.
C．Learning hw t farm scientifically.
D．Making it clear what t eat.
15．What d yu think the text is?
A．An intrductin t a scientist.B．A descriptin f natural resurces.
C．A research reprt.D．A bk review.
第二節(jié) 七選五（10分）
Yur teen years are a time t learn abut yurself and start thinking abut yur future. Ding well in schl and leading a healthy scial and persnal life will make yu happier and mre likely t succeed. 16 . Instead, remember t have fun and live a life yu lve!
Becme a curius reader. G t yur schl library and check ut bks that interest yu. It can be anything frm petry t strybks—just get reading! 17 , ask the librarian fr suggestins.
Lk ahead t life after yu graduate frm high schl. Think ahead t what yu will d in the future, whether that’s getting a degree, vlunteering, r jumping right int the career f yur chice. 18 . Just start t think abut what yu might want t d in the future accrding t yur interests, passins and skills.
Take after-class activities yu enjy. 19 . Whether yu’re int film, theatre, pttery, painting, r playing music, yu can find classes at yur schl r curses at lcal recreatin (娛樂) centers.
20 . T feel a sense f achievement abut yur schl and persnal life, set realistic gals fr yurself. Fr example, yu might set a gal t achieve all A’s and B’s this term. As fr persnal gals, yu might plan t get really gd at shting 3-pint shts in basketball r learn hw t bake bread.
A．Set realistic academic and persnal gals
B．But yu shuldn’t get t crazy with success
C．Unless yu are in a library
D．Dn’t wrry, as yu dn’t have t chse a career right nw
E．Pay attentin and ask questins t further yur understanding
F．If yu dn’t knw where t start
G．Make them a chance fr yu t relax and express yurself
第三部分語言運用 (共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)
第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題:每小題1.5分，滿分30分)
Attentin frm strangers is nthing new t me. Questins abut my height 21 almst every interactin.
My friends say my height is just a physical quality and nt a(n) 22 trait. Hwever, I feel that my height has 23 my character in many ways and has helped t define the persn I am.
I learned hw t be 24 in my wn skin. I accepted early n that I am abnrmally tall and 25 in a crwd. It’s just the way it is. Being self-cnscius (難為情的) abut it wuld be 26 . I learned hw t be 27 . When I was yunger, sme parents in my neighbrhd cnsidered me a bully because I was s much 28 than children my age. I had t be extra welcming and gentle simply t 29 with ther children. I develped a sense f lightheartedness. When peple 30 my height, I laugh at myself t. On my first day f high schl, a girl drpped her bks in a hallway. I cruched (蹲下) dwn and gathered sme f her ntebks. As we bth std up, her eyes 31 as I kept rising ver her. Amazed, she 32 her bks again. 33 , we bth laughed and picked up the bks a secnd time.
All f these 34 have defined me. Lking back, I realize being a 7-fter is bth a blessing and a curse, but 35 wh yu are is the first step t happiness.
21．A．replaceB．dminateC．inspireD．imprve
22．A．a(chǎn)ppearanceB．mtivatinC．persnalityD．behavir
23．A．shapedB．examinedC．cntrlledD．challenged
24．A．independentB．cautiusC．interestedD．cmfrtable
25．A．stand utB．lk dwnC．set utD．shw ff
26．A．strangeB．pintlessC．nrmalD．a(chǎn)wkward
27．A．patientB．carefulC．kindD．helpful
28．A．heavierB．largerC．ruderD．pruder
29．A．cmpeteB．a(chǎn)rgueC．meetD．play
30．A．talk abutB．wrry abutC．make fun fD．a(chǎn)re curius abut
31．A．darkenedB．dampenedC．brightenedD．widened
32．A．threwB．drppedC．lstD．gathered
33．A．EmbarrassedB．CnfusedC．ExcitedD．Relieved
34．A．lessnsB．friendsC．chicesD．cncerns
35．A．discveringB．imaginingC．rememberingD．a(chǎn)ccepting
第二節(jié) 語法填空（15分）
語法填空
In real life, we usually frget 36 (lck) the dr r switch ff the lights r the gas, 37 will cause great prblems. Besides, we will als meet these things: the water pipe will start 38 (leak), the electrical wiring will shrt, and even yur health will have prblems, but yu needn't wrry abut them. In the nt-t- 39 (distance )future, the smart hmes will deal with them.
A smart hme is ne that 40 (integrate) cmputers int the structure f the building itself. In this way, many f the things that we nw d 41 (we) will becme available. Fr example, the smart hme culd cntrl the air cnditining and lights s that yu wuld n lnger have t turn switches n and ff, 42 (make) yur hme mre energy-efficient. The smart hme culd als mnitr itself t make sure that everything is wrking as it shuld, 43 send yu warning if there is a prblem. Such smart hmes culd even 44 (prgramme) t detect yur health prblems, and then give yu right advice as t the fd yu shuld eat r if yu shuld see a dctr. S, in 45 sense, smart hmes will lead us t living smarter lives. Luckily, sme new technlgy has been used in ur hmes.
第四部分課內知識
I. 選用方框內合適的單詞并用其正確形式填空(每項限用一次) 1*8
選詞填空
46．It was a(n) that wuld take plice years t slve.
47．Last year, the tw natins tgether against the enemy.
48．They are nw under a great deal f pressure t imprve their airprt .
49．Her bks are always entertaining and this ne is n .
50．A lt f cancers can nw be cured if they are and treated early.
51．Since reading "Yur Mney r Yur Life" a few years ag, I've every penny I spent.
52．My included ging t the gym fr a wrkut befre ging t wrk.
53．It upset her when men her sister.
II.從括號內選出與各句中畫線部分意思相同或相近的詞或者短語(請?zhí)钤~序號字母) 1*7
從括號內選出與各句中畫線部分意思相同或相近的詞或者短語。
54．It's nt safe fr her t g ut alne at night. (A.secure/B.nrmal)
55．Later at night, yu shuld turn ff yur cell phne. (A.switch ff/B.put ff)
56．The pliceman has fllwed the thief fr many days. (A.caught/B.kept rack f)
57．In the early days peple made payment by the weight f their silver r gld. (A.later n/B.Early n)
58．She dreamed f spending the rest f her life n a faraway island. (A.lnely/B.remte)
59．Science and technlgy make it pssible fr scientists t explre the universe. (A.ptential/B.easy)
60．They were eventually cnvinced by the plice t give themselves up. (A.persuaded/B. ppsed)
II.英漢互譯5*2=10
61．These smart hmes will keep us secure, save us energy, and prvide a mre cmfrtable envirnment t live in.(英譯漢)
62．The future hme will use integrated sensrs t tell when yu leave hme each mrning, and then g int an energy-efficient mde all by itself. (英譯漢)
63．All cntrls will respnd t vice cmmands, s if yu want t change yur rutine, yu just say alud what yu want and the hme system will bey. (英譯漢)
64．通過這種方式，你就能在你的家被水淹沒或著火之前就把問題解決。(漢譯英)
65．然而，大多數(shù)新的家庭需要一些年才能開始使用這項新技術。(英譯漢)
第一節(jié)應用文25分
66．你校英語報的The Admirable欄目正面向全校學生征稿。請你根據(jù)所給提示，用英語寫一篇矩文，介紹你崇拜的人物鐘南山，并投稿。
1.1936年出生于南京市一個醫(yī)學世家;
2.2002年非典疫情發(fā)生后提出了有效的治療方法;
3.2020年以來，為抗擊新冠肺炎作出巨大的貢獻；
4.2020年8月被授予共和國勛章。
注意:1.詞數(shù)120左右;
2.可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
secure, detect, except, crime, cmbine, daily rutine
keep in tuch with, keep track f, lead t, have a preference fr
1．B 2．C 3．D
【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了威斯康辛州的密爾沃基市正在試驗一種新的路面防凍方法——在路面上涂上奶酪鹽水。文章說明了這種新方法的好處是，相比于常用的巖鹽，奶酪鹽水既可以幫助道路不結冰，同時又很省錢環(huán)保。
1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句Cheese brine has salt in it, which, like the rck salt, helps lwer water's freezing pint.（奶酪鹽水中含有鹽，就像巖鹽一樣，有助于降低水的冰點）可知因為奶酪鹽水含有鹽，所以能幫助冬季道路不結冰。故選B。
2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中There it can pllute drinking water, harm plants. and eat away sil. By spreading cheese brine n streets befre adding a layer f rck salt, Milwaukee may be able t cut its rck salt use by 30 percent.（在那里它可以污染飲用水，傷害植物，侵蝕土壤。通過在街道上撒上奶酪鹽水，然后再撒上一層巖鹽，密爾沃基或許可以將巖鹽的使用量減少30%）可知巖鹽會污染飲用水，而在道路上使用奶酪鹽水可以減少水污染。故選C。
3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句Cheese brine has salt in it, which, like the rck salt, helps lwer water's freezing pint.（奶酪鹽水中含有鹽，就像巖鹽一樣，有助于降低水的冰點）以及第四段第一句In additin t saving mney, cheese brine culd als be a mre envirnment-friendly ptin.（除了省錢，奶酪鹽水也是一個更環(huán)保的選擇）可知相比于常用的巖鹽，奶酪鹽水既可以幫助道路不結冰，同時又很省錢環(huán)保，可知密爾沃基市的街道除冰新方法是一個“一石二鳥”的成功例子。故選D。
4．C 5．D 6．A 7．B
【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹疫情期間，當?shù)匾患曳怯M織用書籍換食物計劃幫助危地馬拉戰(zhàn)勝饑餓。
4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“It is run by a lcal nnprfit rganizatin that aims t feed nearly 400 children.(該項目由當?shù)匾患曳怯M織運營，旨在為近400名兒童提供食物。)”可知，該項目的目的是為貧困兒童提供食物。故選C。
5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“He has traveled mre than 2,000 kilmeters n his bicycle, delivered lads f bks and carried back thusands f kilgrams f Incaparina fr the nnprfit grup 32 Vlcanes. Diaz smetimes pulls a small cart that helps him carry up t 57 kilgrams f prduct. He has traveled as far as 60 kilmeters fr a delivery t a twn in the Western Highlands, where rad cnditins are pr. (他騎自行車旅行了2000多公里，運送了大量書籍，為非營利組織“32 Vlcanes”帶回了數(shù)千公斤的廉價蛋白食品。迪亞茲有時會拉著一輛小車，幫助搬運57公斤的商品。為了把貨物送到西部高地的一個小鎮(zhèn)，他長途跋涉了60公里，那里的路況很差。)”可知，迪亞茲在這個項目中負責運送書和食物。故選D。
6．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Nearly a year int the bks-fr-fd prgram, tw mre cyclists have jined Diaz and dnatins keep flwing in. (在“以書換糧”計劃開展近一年之后，又有兩名自行車手加入了迪亞茲的行列，捐款不斷涌入。)”可知，更多的人參與到該項目中。故選A。
7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Diaz says he plans t cntinue cycling against hunger as lng as the need exists. (迪亞茲說，只要有需要，他就計劃繼續(xù)騎自行車對抗饑餓。)”可推斷，迪亞茲對這個項目的態(tài)度是支持的。故選B。
8．C 9．D 10．D 11．C
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章通過一個錢包實驗表明，誘惑越大，人們越講誠信，但這個結果卻與人們對于他人是否誠信的預期相反，文章最后解釋，這種利他主義是真實的、普遍的。
8．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“By cntrast Alain Chn f the University f Michigan and his clleagues have taken such behaviral ecnmics arund the wrld, cvering 40 cuntries, 355 cities and mre than 17,000 peple.（相比之下，密歇根大學的 Alain Chn 和他的同事們在世界各地采用了這種行為經(jīng)濟學，覆蓋了40個國家，355個城市和超過17000人。）”可知，Chn的研究涵蓋了不同的人群和背景，與之前不同。故選C項。
9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“In 38 f the 40 cuntries, the wallets with mney were returned mre ften than thse withut (51% Vs 40%). In additin, wallets cntaining a larger sum f mney ($94.15) were even mre likely (by abut anther 10%) t be returned than thse with less.（在40個國家中的38個國家，有錢的錢包比沒錢的錢包被歸還的頻率高(51% Vs 40%)。此外，錢包里的錢包數(shù)量(94.15美元)比錢包里的錢包更有可能被歸還(大約還有10%)。）”可知，錢多的錢包更有可能被歸還。故選D項。
10．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段“A certain dubt abut the mtives f, thers is prbably gd fr survival. But the warm inner thught f “ding the right thing" is als a pwerful mtivatin.（對他人的動機有一定的懷疑可能有利于生存。但是“做正確的事情”這種溫暖的內在思想也是一種強大的動力。）”中的the warm inner thught f “ding the right thing”可推知，劃線詞應該是“利他主義”的意思，即關心他人的需要。故選D項。
11．主旨大意題。通讀全文，第一段提出了關于金錢的思考，第二段則提出“Hnesty makes the wrld g rund. Withut peple trusting in ne anther, sciety wuld fall apart.（誠實使世界運轉。沒有人們相互信任，社會就會分崩離析。）以及下文介紹了誘惑越大，人們越講誠信。由此可推知，作者認為金錢不能使世界運轉，并且科研團隊做的錢包實驗也證明了這一點。C項“金錢不能使世界運轉”符合題意，適合作標題。故選C項。
12．A 13．C 14．B 15．D
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了美國著名生物學家Edward Wilsn的著作《生物圈的未來》中一些有關如何開發(fā)、利用和保護自然資源的情況。
12．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句Wilsn als pints ut the need t understand fully the bidiversity f ur earth.（威爾遜還指出，有必要充分了解我們地球上的生物多樣性。）和文章第三段Bidiversity, Wilsn argues, is the key t settling many prblems the earth faces tday.（威爾遜認為，生物多樣性是解決當今地球面臨的許多問題的關鍵。）可知，Wilsn最關心的問題是我們地球的生物多樣性。故選A。
13．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段A mere hundred species are the basis f ur fd supply, f which but twenty carry the lad.（只有一百種物種是我們食物供應的基礎，但其中只有二十種能承擔這個重任。）可知，供給我們食物的物種最重要的有20種。故選C。
14．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段Wilsn suggests changing this situatin by lking int ten thusand species that culd be made use f, which will be a way t reduce the clearing f the natural hmes f plants and animals t enlarge farming areas.（Wilsn建議通過觀察10,000種可以被利用的物種來改變這種情況，這將是一種減少砍伐植物和動物的自然家園，以擴大農(nóng)業(yè)面積的方法。）可知，Wilsn建議保留地球生物多樣性的方法之一就是尋求更多的可以利用的物種。故選B。
15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章開始的In The Future f Life, he takes us n a tur f the wrld’s natural resurces.在《生命的未來》一書中，他帶我們游覽了世界的自然資源。到結尾處的At the end f the bk, Wilsn discusses the imprtance f human values in cnsidering the envirnment.在書的最后，威爾遜討論了人類價值觀在考慮環(huán)境方面的重要性。由此判斷出文章是一本書的評論。故選D。
【點睛】文章主題和中心思想的闡述往往需要大量細節(jié)信息的支持，這些細節(jié)對于理解全文內容至關重要，同時也是歸納和概括文章中心思想的基礎。命題人往往會要求考生根據(jù)不同的要求閱讀文章，以獲得某些特定的信息，或準確地尋求所需的細節(jié)，并對細節(jié)進行直接或間接辨認和理解。文章細節(jié)的理解可以細化為：（1）一一對應型。答案與題目在表達形式和意義上直接吻合，一一對應，一目了然。屬于淺層次的閱讀試題，分數(shù)比例較少。（2）語言轉述型。這是一類間接事實細節(jié)題，答案與題目在意義上從分運用了詞義之間的轉述關系，即正確選項是原文有關詞語和句子的另類表達。屬于中檔難度題，分數(shù)比例較大。（3）語意理解型。這是一類深層事實細節(jié)理解題，答案與題目之間存在著一定的邏輯聯(lián)系，這種聯(lián)系需要建立在事實的基礎上通過上、下文來進行判斷、分析、歸納和整合，才能得出正確答案。屬于較高難度的事實細節(jié)題。（4）是非辨別型。這是一類綜合事實細節(jié)題，出題形式常常是“三正一誤”(三項正確，只有一項不符合原文內容)或“三誤一正”（三項錯誤，只有一項符合原文內容)。（5）事實排序型。這是一類運用多項事實進行排序的事實細節(jié)題，要求根據(jù)動作發(fā)生的先后順序、時間順序或者句子之間的邏輯關系，找出時間發(fā)生，發(fā)展的正確順序。例如，本文中的第1小題和第2小題屬于一一對應型，第3小題都屬于語言轉述型。第三小題選項中的Using mre species fr fd.和文章中的by lking int ten thusand species that culd be made use f進行了語義轉化。
16．B 17．F 18．D 19．G 20．A
【分析】本文是一篇說明文。青少年時期是了解自己，考慮未來的重要階段。本文就如何擁有一個有趣的，自己喜歡的的青少年時期，提供了一些建議。
16．考查句意理解和上下文語境理解。根據(jù)前句可知在學校學習好，有一個健康的生活可以使你更快樂，更可能成功，接下來用instead引出Instead, remember t have fun and live a life yu lve!轉移話題：擁有一個有趣的，自己喜歡的青少年時期。由instead可知題空出應該是作者不提倡做的事情，因此我們可以得出選項B. But yu shuldn’t get t crazy with success（但是你不能太過癡迷于成功）符合語境。故選B。
17．考查句意理解和上下文語境理解。根據(jù)前句It can be anything frm petry t strybks—just get reading!（你可以讀任何東西，從詩歌到故事書---開始讀吧）可知作者建議開始讀書。接下來一句ask the librarian fr suggestins.建議向圖書管理員征求建議，因此選項F. If yu dn’t knw where t start（如果你不知道從哪里開始）符合語境。故選F。
18．考查句意理解和上下文語境理解。根據(jù)首句Lk ahead t life after yu graduate frm high schl.可知本段中作者建議展望一下未來，接下來一句Just start t think abut what yu might want t d in the future作者建議只是開始考慮未來你想做什么。由此可知作者并不是讓讀者把自己的未來考慮非常周全。因此選項D. Dn’t wrry, as yu dn’t have t chse a career right nw（不用擔心，你現(xiàn)在不必懸著一個職業(yè)）符合語境。故選D。
19．考查句意理解和上下文語境理解。根據(jù)首句Take after-class activities yu enjy.可知本段中作者建議讀者參與到自己喜歡的課后活動中。接下來應該是介紹參加課后獲得的好處。因此選項G. Make them a chance fr yu t relax and express yurself（使它們成為你放松和表達自我的機會）符合語境。故選G。
20．考查句意理解和上下文語境理解。根據(jù)后句T feel a sense f achievement abut yur schl and persnal life, set realistic gals fr yurself.可知本段中作者建議設定現(xiàn)實的目標。因此選項A. Set realistic academic and persnal gals（設定現(xiàn)實的學習和個人目標）符合語境。故選A。
【點睛】七選五題型對學生的考察能力總體從兩個方面來考察把握整篇文章的布局和邏輯層次關系。和微觀信息間關聯(lián)性。這種題一般可從以下方面來做：
（1）看首段，跳過空格快速通讀全篇，了解文章大意。
（2）精讀空格前后兩句，利用各種銜接手段選擇正確的選項填入空格。七選五空出的是整個句子，而這些句子與句子之間，必然有一種聯(lián)系，因此我們可以通過選項中某個名詞或動詞跟空前或空后的一致性或者相關性來確定這兩個句子之間有一種關聯(lián)性，從而選擇正確的答案。如第3小題：根據(jù)首句Lk ahead t life after yu graduate frm high schl.可知本段中作者建議展望一下未來，接下來一句Just start t think abut what yu might want t d in the future作者建議只是開始考慮未來你想做什么。由此可知作者并不是讓讀者把自己的未來考慮非常周全。因此選項D. Dn’t wrry, as yu dn’t have t chse a career right nw（不用擔心，你現(xiàn)在不必懸著一個職業(yè)）符合語境。故選D。
21．B 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．A 26．B 27．C 28．B 29．D 30．C 31．D 32．B 33．A 34．A 35．D
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者由于身體高得不正常，生活中出現(xiàn)一些尷尬窘迫的現(xiàn)象。作者學會適應自己，逐漸養(yǎng)成一種輕松愉快的感覺，形成自己特有的性格，并意識到接受自己是走向幸福的第一步。
21．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：關于我身高的問題幾乎主導了每一次互動。A. replace替換；B. dminate支配，主導；C. inspire激勵；D. imprve改進。通讀全文可知，作者由于身體高得不正常，出現(xiàn)一些尷尬窘迫的現(xiàn)象，根據(jù)后文“All f these 14 have defined me.”可知，作者的身高問題主導了他和別人的互動。故選B項。
22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的朋友說我的身高只是一種身體素質而不是一種性格特征。A. appearance外表；B. mtivatin動機；C. persnality個性，性格；D. behavir行為。根據(jù)后文“Hwever, I feel that my height has 3 my character in many ways and has helped t define the persn I am.”轉折的語義可知，朋友認為作者的身高不是性格特征。故選C項。
23．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我覺得我的身高在很多方面塑造了我的性格，幫助我定義了我自己。A. shaped塑造；B. examined檢查；C. cntrlled控制；D. challenged挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)后文“my character in many ways”以及“ has helped t define the persn I am.”可知，作者認為自己的身高塑造了自己的性格。故選A項。
24．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我學會了如何適應自己，使自己感到自在些。A. independent獨立的；B. cautius謹慎的；C. interested感興趣的；D. cmfrtable舒適的。根據(jù)后文“I accepted early n that I am abnrmally tall and 5 in a crwd.”可知，作者知道自己個子高得不正常，所以要學會適應自己，對自己的身高感到舒適自在些。故選D項。
25．考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：我很早就接受了這個事實：我個子高得不正常，在人群中很突出。A. stand ut突出；B. lk dwn向下看，蔑視；C. set ut出發(fā)；D. shw ff炫耀。根據(jù)前文“I am abnrmally tall”可知，作者在人群中很突出。故選A項。
26．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對此感到難為情是毫無意義的。A. strange奇怪的；B. pintless毫無意義的；C. nrmal正常的；D. awkward令人尷尬的?；谏衔姆治隹芍?，作者由于身體高得不正常，而努力讓自己自在些，再結合后文“I develped a sense f lightheartedness.”可知，作者認為對自己的身高感到難為情是毫無意義的。故選B項。
27．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我學會了如何友善。A. patient耐心的；B. careful細心的；C. kind友善的；D. helpful有益的。根據(jù)語境及后文“When I was yunger, sme parents in my neighbrhd cnsidered me a bully”可知，作者曾被鄰居認為是惡霸，所以作者需要學會友善，這樣才不會被鄰居們誤會。故選C項。
28．考查形容詞比較級詞詞義辨析。句意：當我還小的時候，一些鄰居認為我是個惡霸，因為我比同齡的孩子個子大得多。A. heavier更重的；B. larger更大的；C. ruder更粗魯?shù)?；D. pruder更驕傲的。根據(jù)語境及上文“I am abnrmally tall”可知，作者比同齡的孩子更高大。故選B項。
29．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：只是為了和其他孩子一起玩，我就得特別熱情和溫柔。A. cmpete比賽；B. argue爭論；C. meet會見；D. play玩耍。根據(jù)語境以及“I had t be extra welcming and gentle”和“with ther children”可知，作者為了和別的孩子一起玩耍，特別熱情溫柔。故選D項。
30．考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：當人們取笑我的身高時，我也嘲笑自己。A. talk abut談論；B. wrry abut擔心；C. make fun f取笑；D. are curius abut好奇。根據(jù)后文“I laugh at myself t”可知，人們取笑作者的時候，作者也進行自嘲。故選C項。
31．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們都站了起來，當我站起來超過她時，她的眼睛睜得大大的。A. darkened變暗；B. dampened變濕；C. brightened照亮；D. widened加寬。根據(jù)語境及后文“I kept rising ver her”以及“Amazed”可知，因為作者身體太高，站起來超過女孩很多，女孩驚訝地睜大眼睛。故選D項。
32．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她驚訝地又把書掉在地上了。A. threw投擲；B. drpped掉下；C. lst丟失；D. gathered聚集。根據(jù)后文“we bth laughed and picked up the bks a secnd time”可知，她驚訝地又把書掉地上了。故選B項。
33．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：尷尬的是，我們都笑了起來，又一次把書撿起來。A. Embarrassed尷尬的，窘迫的；B. Cnfused困惑的；C. Excited激動的；D. Relieved寬慰的?；谇拔牡姆治隹芍髡叩纳砀咦屌Ⅲ@訝，并又一次把書掉在地上，根據(jù)后文“we bth laughed and picked up the bks a secnd time.”可知，此時，作者感到很尷尬。故選A項。
34．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所有這些教訓定義了我的性格。A. lessns功課，教訓；B. friends朋友；C. chices選擇；D. cncerns關心。基于前文分析可知，作者由于身體高得不正常，需要更加親和對待周圍的人可知，作者認為這些生活教訓形成了他現(xiàn)在的性格。故選A項。
35．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：回首過去，我意識到成為一個七英尺高的人既是一種祝福也是一種詛咒，但接受自己是走向幸福的第一步。A. discvering發(fā)現(xiàn)；B. imagining想象；C. remembering記住；D. accepting接受?；谇拔姆治隹芍髡哂捎谏眢w高得不正常，需要適應自己，逐漸養(yǎng)成一種輕松愉快的感覺，形成自己特有的性格，根據(jù)后文“wh yu are is the first step t happiness”可知，作者認為接受自己才能走向幸福。且上文的“I accepted early n that I am abnrmally tall and 5 in a crwd.”也是提示。故選D項。
36．t lck 37．which 38．leaking##t leak 39．distant 40．integrates 41．urselves 42．making 43．a(chǎn)nd 44．be prgrammed 45．a(chǎn)
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在不太遙遠的未來，智能家居能夠做很多事情以及避免許多家庭問題。
36．考查非謂語動詞。句意：在現(xiàn)實生活中，我們經(jīng)常忘記鎖門或關燈或煤氣，這將造成很大的問題。結合句意表示“忘記做某事”可知短語為frget t d sth.。故填t lck。
37．考查定語從句。句意：在現(xiàn)實生活中，我們經(jīng)常忘記鎖門或關燈或煤氣，這將造成很大的問題。此處為非限制性定語從句修飾上文整個句子，且從句中缺少主語，故用which引導。故填which。
38．考查非謂語動詞。句意：此外，我們也會遇到這些事情：水管會漏水，電線會短路，甚至你的健康會有問題，但你不必擔心。結合句意表示“開始做某事”短語為start ding/t d sth.。故填leaking/t leak。
39．考查形容詞。句意：在不太遙遠的未來，智能家居將會解決這些問題。修飾后文名詞future應用形容詞nt-t-distant，作定語。故填distant。
40．考查主謂一致。句意：智能家居是一種將電腦集成到建筑結構本身的家居。根據(jù)上文is可知為一般現(xiàn)在時，且定語從句修飾先行詞ne，先行詞在從句中作主語，故謂語用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填integrates。
41．考查反身代詞。句意：這樣，我們現(xiàn)在自己做的許多事情就會變得可行。結合上文we可知指“我們自己”應用反身代詞urselves。故填urselves。
42．考查非謂語動詞。句意：例如，智能家居可以控制空調和電燈，這樣你就不必再開或關開關，使你的家更節(jié)能。分析句子結構可知make在句中應用非謂語動詞形式，與邏輯主語the smart hme culd cntrl the air cnditining and lights構成主動關系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填making。
43．考查連詞。句意：智能家居還可以自我監(jiān)控，以確保一切正常運行，并在出現(xiàn)問題時向你發(fā)出警告。結合前后文語境可知為并列關系，故應用連詞and。故填and。
44．考查語態(tài)。句意：這種智能家庭甚至可以通過編程來檢測你的健康問題，然后給你正確的建議，比如你應該吃什么，或者是否應該去看醫(yī)生。此處主語與謂語構成被動關系，且culd后跟動詞原形。故填be prgrammed。
45．考查冠詞。句意：所以，在某種意義上，智能家居將引領我們過上更智能的生活。結合句意表示“在某種意義上”可知短語為in a sense。故填a。
46．crime 47．cmbined 48．security 49．exceptin 50．detected 51．kept track f 52．daily rutine 53．had a preference fr
【解析】46．考查名詞。句意：這是一起需要警察花費數(shù)年時間才能解決的犯罪。分析句子并結合句意可知，空處應使用可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)crime，作was的表語，表達“犯罪”之意。故填crime。
47．考查動詞。句意：去年，兩國聯(lián)合起來對付敵人。分析句子并結合時間狀語Last year可知，句子應使用一般過去時，空處應使用cmbined，作謂語，表達“聯(lián)合”之意。故填cmbined。
48．考查名詞。句意：他們現(xiàn)在面臨著改善機場安全的巨大壓力。分析句子并結合句意可知，空處應使用不可數(shù)名詞security，作imprve的賓語。故填security。
49．考查名詞。句意：她的書總是很有趣，這本書也不例外。分析句子并結合句意可知，空處應使用不可數(shù)名詞exceptin和n搭配，表達“不例外”之意。故填exceptin。
50．考查動詞。句意：如果及早發(fā)現(xiàn)和治療，許多癌癥現(xiàn)在都可以治愈。分析句子并結合句意可知，空處應使用動詞detected，與are構成被動語態(tài)，表達“被檢測”之意。故填detected。
51．考查動詞短語。句意：自從幾年前讀了《你的錢還是你的生活》之后，我一直在記錄我花掉的每一分錢。結合句意可知，空處應使用keep track f，表達“記錄”之意，結合語境可知，句子應使用現(xiàn)在完成時have dne。故填kept track f。
52．考查名詞短語。句意：我的日常事務包括上班前去健身房鍛煉。分析句子并結合句意可知，空處應使用名詞短語daily rutine，作句子主語，表達“日常事務”之意。故填daily rutine。
53．考查動詞短語。句意：當男人偏愛她的妹妹時，她很不高興。分析句子并結合句意可知，句子應使用一般過去時，空處應使用動詞短語have a preference fr，表達“對……偏愛”之意。故填had a preference fr。
54．A 55．A 56．B 57．B 58．B 59．A 60．A
【解析】54．考查形容詞。句意：她晚上一個人出去不安全。A. secure安全的；B. nrmal正常的。結合句意可知，晚上出去應該是不安全的（secure）。故選A項。
55．考查動詞短語。句意：晚上晚些時候，你應該關掉你的手機。A. switch ff關閉；B. put ff推遲。結合句意可知，晚上應該關掉手機，而不是推遲。故選A項。
56．考查動詞。句意：警察已經(jīng)跟蹤小偷很多天了。A. caught抓?。籅. kept track f記錄，追蹤。結合句意可知，警察應該是跟蹤小偷好幾天了，抓住是瞬間動作，不應該好幾天。故選B項。
57．考查固定搭配。句意：在早期，人們是以金銀的重量來支付貨款的。A. later n之后；B. Early n早期。結合句意可知，早期人們以金銀重量來付款。故選B項。
58．考查形容詞。句意：她夢想著在一個遙遠的島嶼上度過她的余生。A. lnely孤單的；B. remte遙遠的。結合句意可知，島嶼應該是遙遠的，而不是孤單的。故選B項。
59．考查形容詞。句意：科學技術使科學家探索宇宙成為可能。A. ptential潛在的，可能的；B. easy容易的。結合句意可知，探索宇宙應該是可能的，而不是容易的。故選A項。
60．考查形容詞。句意：他們最終被警察說服投案自首。A. persuaded說服；B. ppsed反對。結合句意可知，他們應該是被警察說服，而不是反對。故選A項。
61．這些智能家居將保證我們的安全，節(jié)省我們的能源，并提供一個更舒適的生活環(huán)境。
【詳解】考查英譯漢。此處主語These smart hmes意為“這些智能家居”；keep us secure表示“保證我們的安全”；save us energy表示“節(jié)省我們的能源”；prvide a mre cmfrtable envirnment t live in表示“提供一個更舒適的生活環(huán)境”。句子為一般將來時。故翻譯為“這些智能家居將保證我們的安全，節(jié)省我們的能源，并提供一個更舒適的生活環(huán)境?！?br>62．未來的家庭將使用集成傳感器告訴你每天早上什么時候離開家，然后自動進入節(jié)能模式。
【詳解】考查句子結構。本句是包含賓語從句的復合句。The future hme“未來的家庭”是主句主語，will use “將使用”為主句謂語，integrated sensrs “集成傳感器”為主句賓語，t tell “來告訴”是不定式作目的狀語，when yu leave hme “你什么時候離開家”為when引導的賓語從句，其中yu為從句主語，leave hme為從句謂賓，each mrning “每天早上”為從句時間狀語，and then”然后”作為連詞，連接兩個并列的不定式，g int“進入”前的t省略，an energy-efficient mde“節(jié)能模式”為介詞int的賓語，all by itself“自行”為狀語。故翻譯為：未來的家庭將使用集成傳感器告訴你每天早上什么時候離開家，然后自動進入節(jié)能模式。
63．所有的控制器都會響應語音命令，所以如果你想改變你的日常程序，你只要大聲說出你想要什么，家庭系統(tǒng)就會服從。
【詳解】考查句子結構。分析句子可知，本句前半句是簡單的主謂賓結構，主語是All cntrls “所有的控制器”，will respnd t“將會響應”是謂語，vice cmmands “語音指令”是賓語；后半句是有if引導的條件句加主句，條件句的主語是yu“你”，want t change意為“想要改變”，yur rutine意為“你的日常程序”，作change的賓語，第二個yu“你”，作分句的主語，just“僅僅”為副詞，say alud“大聲說”為分句謂語，what yu want “你想要什么”作say的賓語，the hme system “你的家庭系統(tǒng)”是and之后分句的主語，will bey “將服從”為本分句的謂語。故本句可譯為：所有的控制器都會響應語音命令，所以如果你想改變你的程序，你只要大聲說出你想要什么，家庭系統(tǒng)就會服從。
64．In this way, yu can slve prblems befre yur hme is flded r n fire.
【詳解】考查介詞(短語) 、動詞（短語）、名詞（短語）及時態(tài)等。表達“通過這種方式”應使用介詞短語in this way，用逗號與主句隔開；表達“你”應使用yu，作句子主語；表達“能”應使用情態(tài)動詞can，其后跟動詞原形；表達“解決問題”應使用動詞短語slve prblems，作主句謂語和賓語；表達“在……之前”應使用befre引導的時間狀語；表達“你的家”應使用名詞短語yur hme（第三人稱單數(shù)），作從句的主語；表達“被水淹沒”應使用is flded，作從句系表；表達“著火”應使用is n fire，用r與is flded并列，is重復，因此可以省略掉。句子首字母大寫。故翻譯為In this way, yu can slve prblems befre yur hme is flded r n fire.
65．Hwever, it will take years fr mst new families t start using the new technlgy.
【詳解】考查it作形式主語、動詞（短語）、名詞（短語）及時態(tài)等。根據(jù)句意可知，句子應使用一般將來時，主句可使用it作形式主語。表達“然而”應使用hwever，用逗號與主句隔開；表達“（對于）大多數(shù)新的家庭”應使用短語fr mst new families；表達“需要好多年”應使用動詞短語take years t d sth.，用在情態(tài)動詞will之后，用原形，其中t d作真正的主語；表達“開始做某事”應使用動詞短語start ding sth.；表達“使用這項新技術”應使用use the new technlgy。句子首字母大寫。故翻譯為Hwever, it will take years fr mst new families t start using the new technlgy.
66．The persn I respect mst is Zhng Nanshan, ne f the premier and greatest medical scientists in the 21st century. Brn in 1936 in Nanjing and graduated frm Beijing Medical Cllege, this rdinary but great man has been wrking in the medical field fr ver 50 years.
In the spring f 2003, the SARS epidemic brke ut in China. Dangerus as it was, Zhng Nanshan wrked hard day and night treating SARS patients. Thrugh their hard wrk fr several mnths, sn the SARS epidemic was stpped in its track. In 2020, Zhng Nanshan aged 84, as head f a high- level expert team, fught against COVID-19. In August, 2020, he was bestwed the Medal f the Republic fr his utstanding cntributins in China's fight against COVID-19.
In all, Zhng Nanshan is devted t the medical cause. He is a gd dctr in the patients' eyes and a kind medical prfessr in his students' eyes.
【分析】本篇書面表達屬于應用文。要求考生給校報投稿，介紹自己崇拜的人物--鐘南山。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
普通的：average→rdinary
終止：end →stp
授予：reward→bestw
杰出的：great→utstanding
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復合句
原句：In all, Zhng Nanshan is devted t the medical cause.
拓展句：In all, Zhng Nanshan is devted t the medical cause, which is thught highly f by the whle natin.
【點睛】[高分句型1]The persn I respect the mst is Zhng Nanshan, ne f the premier and greatest medical scientists in the 21st century.（運用了省略that的定語從句）
[高分句型2]Dangerus as it was, Zhng Nanshan wrked hard day and night treating SARS patients.（運用了as引導的讓步狀語從句）

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