【期中真題】北京市第四中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題.zip

這是一份【期中真題】北京市第四中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題.zip，文件包含期中真題北京市第四中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題原卷版docx、期中真題北京市第四中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題解析版docx等2份試卷配套教學(xué)資源，其中試卷共34頁(yè)， 歡迎下載使用。
?北京四中2022-2023學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期中試卷
高三英語(yǔ)
(試卷滿分為100分，考試時(shí)間為100分鐘)
第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，30分)
第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)
從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
1. Three of his novels have been ________ for television.
A. applauded B. adapted C. applied D. adopted
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他的三部小說(shuō)已被改編成電視劇。A. applauded稱贊；B. adapted改編；C. applied申請(qǐng)；D. adopted采用。根據(jù)前文的“novels”以及后文的“television”可知，此處考查固定搭配be adapted for意為“被改編為”，此處指小說(shuō)被改編成電視劇。故選B項(xiàng)。
2. The museum ________ many of the treasures from Tang Dynasty.
A. hosts B. harvests C. houses D. holds
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)博物館收藏了許多唐代的珍寶。A. hosts主辦；B. harvests收割；C. houses收藏；D. holds拿著。根據(jù)后文“the treasures from Tang Dynasty”可知，此句是博物館收藏了許多珍寶之意。故選C項(xiàng)。
3. The Chinatown in San Francisco is a very popular tourist________.
A. digest B. draw C. distinction D. division
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：舊金山的唐人街是一個(gè)非常受歡迎的旅游景點(diǎn)。A. digest摘要；B. draw有吸引力的物；C. distinction區(qū)別；D. division分開。根據(jù)上文“a very popular tourist”可知為短語(yǔ)tourist draw表示“旅游勝地”。故選B。
4. I ________ my thoughts, took a deep breath, and entered the interview room.
A. updated B. raised C. cleared D. collected
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我整理好思緒，深吸了一口氣，走進(jìn)了面試室。A. updated更新；B. raised提升；C. cleared清理；D. collected聚集。根據(jù)句意及所給句子可知，此處是固定搭配collect one’s thoughts，意為“集中思想”。根據(jù)后文的“interview room”可知，“我”是在面試，所以要集中精神。故選D項(xiàng)。
5. He ________ that such things should never be done.
A. maintained B. suspected C. wondered D. recommended
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：他堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為這種事決不應(yīng)該做。A. maintained堅(jiān)持；B. suspected懷疑；C. wondered想知道；D. recommended推薦。根據(jù)句意和that從句中的should可知，該句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用maintain（表示“主張”的動(dòng)詞，如“insist”(堅(jiān)持)，“maintain”(主張)，“hold”(主張)，“urge”(敦促)等后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”）。故選A項(xiàng)。
6. She has been awarded with many prizes in ________ of her services to society.
A. memory B. recognition C. expression D. charge
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她被授予許多獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)以表彰她對(duì)社會(huì)的貢獻(xiàn)。A. memory記憶；B. recognition認(rèn)可；C. expression表達(dá)；D. charge掌管。根據(jù)后文“of her services to society”可知為短語(yǔ)in recognition of，表示“表彰”，故選B。
7. Anyone, once tested ________ for the bird flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.
A. positive B. possible C. potential D. proper
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：任何禽流感病毒檢測(cè)呈陽(yáng)性的人，都將得到我國(guó)政府的免費(fèi)治療。A. positive陽(yáng)性的；B. possible可能的；C. potential潛在的；D. proper適當(dāng)?shù)?。根?jù)后文“will receive free medical treatment from our government”得到免費(fèi)治療可知，是已得禽流感，所以是positive檢測(cè)為陽(yáng)性符合句意。故選A項(xiàng)。
8. Rules of online voting should be worked out and strictly ________.
A. passed B. permitted C. observed D. proved
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：應(yīng)該制定網(wǎng)上投票的規(guī)則并嚴(yán)格遵守。A. passed通過(guò)；B. permitted允許；C. observed遵守，觀察；D. proved證明。根據(jù)上文“Rules of online voting should be worked out and strictly”指遵守規(guī)則，故選C。
9. From then on, we’ve kept in touch with each other ________ e-mails.
A. on B. through C. beyond D. against
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：從那以后，我們一直通過(guò)電子郵件保持聯(lián)系。A. on在……上，關(guān)于；B. through通過(guò)；C. beyond超過(guò)；D. against反對(duì)。根據(jù)前文的“kept in touch”可知，是表達(dá)“通過(guò)電子郵件保持聯(lián)系”之意。故選B項(xiàng)。
10. When ________ on a long walk, I always wear suitable shoes.
A. getting off B. letting off C. setting out D. putting out
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)出發(fā)遠(yuǎn)行時(shí)，我總是穿合適的鞋子。A. getting off下車；B. letting off釋放；C. setting out出發(fā)，啟程；D. putting out熄滅。根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)該是出發(fā)遠(yuǎn)行時(shí)，穿合適的鞋子，“set out”意為“出發(fā)，啟程”，符合語(yǔ)境，句子為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致且謂語(yǔ)中含有“be”，可省略從句主語(yǔ)和“be”，省略前為“When I am setting out on a long walk”，故空格處應(yīng)填“setting out”。故選C項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
I’ve been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years. I use a small tractor to get about. My dog Don always sits beside me in the passenger seat.

One morning I ___11___ a lost lamb when I was in the top field, near where a motorway cuts through my land. The lamb had become separated from its mother, so I jumped out of the tractor to tend to it while Don stayed in his seat.
Lamb and mother ___12___. I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This was so ___13___ because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out. Obviously, Don had somehow made the ___14___ move.
My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the ___15___. I ran desperately but failed to ___16___. It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. The last thing I saw was Don’s face, looking calmly back at me.
Heart in mouth, I reached the fence and looked over. The tractor was ___17___ against the crash barrier in the central reservation, having miraculously (奇跡般地) crossed the ___18___ road with fast-flowing traffic. I couldn’t see Don, but as I ___19___ the tractor, he jumped out onto the road, apparently unhurt and raced back to me. Don was given a special ___20___ that night — I didn’t want him to think I was angry with him.
11. A. dropped B. spotted C. carried D. returned
12. A. freed B. switched C. reunited D. examined
13. A. unexpected B. dangerous C. embarrassing D. difficult
14. A. lamb B. vehicle C. seat D. fence
15 A. crowd B. hill C. field D. motorway
16. A. take off B. catch up C. hold back D. get out
17. A. resting B. running C. parking D. turning
18. A. winding B. deserted C. rough D. busy
19. A. abandoned B. recognized C. approached D. repaired
20. A. meal B. test C. job D. lesson
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D 16. B 17. A 18. D 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述作者為了救一只迷路的小羊羔，拉了手剎把拖拉機(jī)停下，結(jié)果車上的狗Don不知怎么把車啟動(dòng)了，車子穿過(guò)護(hù)欄沖向高速公路，幸運(yùn)的是最終沒(méi)人受重傷。
【11題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一天早晨，當(dāng)我在靠近高速公路穿過(guò)我的土地的最上面的田地時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只迷路的羔羊。A. dropped下降；B. spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)；C. carried攜帶；D. returned返回。根據(jù)下文“The lamb had become separated from its mother, so I jumped out of the tractor to tend to it”對(duì)小羊的描述及下文作者去照顧它可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只小羊。故選B項(xiàng)。
【12題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：小羊和媽媽團(tuán)聚了，我轉(zhuǎn)向拖拉機(jī)，卻看到拖拉機(jī)突然離我而去。A. freed釋放；B. switched轉(zhuǎn)變；C. reunited團(tuán)聚；D. examined檢查。根據(jù)上文“The lamb had become separated from its mother”以及后文“l(fā) turned back to the tractor”可知，小羊羔和媽媽走散了，我下車幫他，現(xiàn)在作者轉(zhuǎn)身走向拖拉機(jī)，是因?yàn)樽髡甙研⊙蛩突貗寢屔磉?。故選C項(xiàng)。
【13題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這太出乎意料了，因?yàn)槲姨萝嚨臅r(shí)候手剎已經(jīng)拉上了。A. unexpected出乎意料的；B. dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；C. embarrassing令人尷尬的；D. difficult困難的。根據(jù)空后“because l had put the handbrake on when I jumped out.”可知，作者下車時(shí)已經(jīng)拉上了手剎，所以車子突然開動(dòng)很出乎意料。故選A項(xiàng)。
【14題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：很明顯，Don讓車動(dòng)了起來(lái)。A. lamb小羊；B. vehicle車輛；C. seat座位；D. fence柵欄。根據(jù)上文“I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me.”可知，此處指車輛在動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)。
【15題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我看到拖拉機(jī)駛向高速公路時(shí)，我的心都僵住了。A. crowd人群；B. hill山丘；C. field田地；D. motorway高速公路。根據(jù)下文“The tractor was 　 7　 against the crash barrier in the central reservation, having miraculously (奇跡般地) crossed the 　 8　 road with fast-flowing traffic.”可知，車子奇跡般地穿過(guò)了車流繁忙的馬路，所以是駛向了高速公路。故選D項(xiàng)。
【16題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我拼命跑，但是沒(méi)有追上。A. take off脫下；B. catch up趕上；C. hold back抑制；D. get out出去。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及下文“It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared.”可知，作者看到拖拉機(jī)沖向高速公路，應(yīng)是拼命跑著去追，但是沒(méi)有追上。故選B項(xiàng)。
【17題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：拖拉機(jī)靠在中央保留地的防撞護(hù)欄上，奇跡般地穿過(guò)了交通繁忙的道路。A.resting (使)倚靠；B. running跑步；C. parking停車；D. turning翻轉(zhuǎn)。根據(jù)下文“having miraculously (奇跡般地) crossed the 　 8　 road with fast-flowing traffic.”及語(yǔ)境可知，拖拉機(jī)穿過(guò)馬路，靠在了中央保留地的防撞護(hù)欄上。故選A項(xiàng)。
【18題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：拖拉機(jī)靠在中央保留地的防撞護(hù)欄上，奇跡般地穿過(guò)了交通繁忙的道路。A. winding彎曲的；B. deserted被遺棄的；C. rough粗糙的；D. busy繁忙的。根據(jù)空后“with fast-flowing traffic”可知，這條路交通繁忙。故選D項(xiàng)。
【19題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我沒(méi)看見(jiàn)Don，但當(dāng)我接近拖拉機(jī)時(shí)，他跳到了路上，顯然沒(méi)有受傷，然后沖回我身邊。A. abandoned遺棄；B. recognized認(rèn)出；C. approached接近；D. repaired修理。根據(jù)上文“I couldn’t see Don”可知，作者沒(méi)看見(jiàn)Don，所以應(yīng)是上前查看。故選C項(xiàng)。
【20題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那天晚上Don吃了一頓特別的飯——我不想讓他認(rèn)為我在生他的氣。A. meal一餐；B. test測(cè)驗(yàn)；C. job工作；D. lesson課程。根據(jù)下文“I didn’t want him to think I was angry with him.”可知，我不想讓Don認(rèn)為我在生他的氣，而由上文可知，Don是一條狗，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)該是一頓特別的飯。故選A項(xiàng)。
第三節(jié)(共10小題：每小題1分，共10分)
A
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
The day’s track workout is posted on the bulletin board in the locker room. As I read the schedule, my heart ___21___(drop). Today’s practice consists of a 1200, 800 and 400 meters’ running with a 5-minute warm-up and cool-down. The butterflies in my stomach begin to flutter as I start to doubt ___22___ I’m in good enough shape to complete this. I am my own worst enemy. Slowly, I get dressed. As I tie my running shoes, I fight the urge ___23___(hide) somewhere, anywhere.
【答案】21. drops
22. if##whether
23. to hide
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章描述了作者看到田徑訓(xùn)練項(xiàng)目后的心理活動(dòng)。
【21題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：當(dāng)我看到日程表時(shí)，我的心怦怦直跳。根據(jù)全文的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)確定空格處的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；由主語(yǔ)是my heart確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填drops。
【22題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：我開始懷疑我的身體狀況是否足夠好來(lái)完成這項(xiàng)工作。 根據(jù)句意和空格前的動(dòng)詞doubt分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，所以空格處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)連詞，從句成分完整，但缺少“是否”之意，應(yīng)用if/whether引導(dǎo)。故填if或whether。
【23題詳解】
考查不定式。句意：當(dāng)我系好跑鞋時(shí)，我抑制住了想藏在某個(gè)地方的沖動(dòng)。根據(jù)句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是定語(yǔ)，修飾前面的名詞urge，而名詞urge后面應(yīng)該用不定式作定語(yǔ)，表示“干……的沖動(dòng)”。故填to hide。
B
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
The Government’s sugar tax on soft drinks ___24___(bring) in half as much money as Ministers first predicted, the first official data on the policy has shown. First ___25___(announce) in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, ___26___(introduce) to help reduce childhood obesity(肥胖). It is believed that today’s children and teenagers are consuming too much, almost three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a ___27___(high) risk of the disease than those in the past decade.
【答案】24. has brought
25. announced
26. was introduced
27. higher
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了英國(guó)政府對(duì)軟飲料征收糖稅的原因。
【24題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：英國(guó)政府對(duì)軟飲料征收糖稅的首份官方數(shù)據(jù)顯示，該政策帶來(lái)的稅收是大臣們最初預(yù)期的一半。根據(jù)句意和下文的“the first official data on the policy has shown”可知，空格處的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)是“The Government’s sugar tax”，所以助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用has。故填has brought。
【25題詳解】
考查過(guò)去分詞。句意：該稅于2016年4月首次宣布，適用于每100毫升含糖量超過(guò)5g的軟飲料，旨在幫助減少兒童肥胖。根據(jù)句意分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)形式作狀語(yǔ)，announce和句中主語(yǔ)the tax之間是邏輯被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填announced。
【26題詳解】
考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：該稅于2016年4月首次宣布，適用于每100毫升含糖量超過(guò)5g的軟飲料，旨在幫助減少兒童肥胖。根據(jù)句意分析句子可知，空格處是該句子的謂語(yǔ)部分，陳述過(guò)去的事實(shí)，且句子主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞introduce之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；根據(jù)主語(yǔ)the tax確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。故填was introduced。
【27題詳解】
考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。句意：據(jù)信，現(xiàn)在的兒童和青少年攝入了太多的糖，幾乎是推薦水平的三倍，使他們比過(guò)去十年的人患糖尿病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更高。根據(jù)句意和下文的than可知，空格處應(yīng)該用所給形容詞high的比較級(jí)形式higher。故填higher。
C
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Ancient volcanoes on the moon likely left more water than what sits in Lake Michigan locked in ice beneath the lunar surface. This is a potential source for ___28___(astronaut) the researchers from the University of Colorado have concluded in a newly published study. The findings reflect NASA interest in possibilities for a long-term moon base, ___29___ requires water supplies for drinking and producing rocket fuel. NASA investigations in 2020 confirmed they detected water crystals on the surface of the moon, ___30___(indicate) more water than previously believed may be present.
【答案】28. astronauts
29. which 30. indicating
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。月球上的古代火山留下的水被封鎖在月球表面下的冰里。經(jīng)研究證實(shí)，月球上可能存在比之前認(rèn)為更多的水。
【28題詳解】
考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：科羅拉多大學(xué)的研究人員在一項(xiàng)新發(fā)表的研究中得出結(jié)論：對(duì)于宇航員來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一個(gè)潛在的來(lái)源?？仗幮杼蠲~作介詞for的賓語(yǔ)，astronaut是可數(shù)名詞，此處表示泛指，且沒(méi)有冠詞限定，需填名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填astronauts。
【29題詳解】
考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：這些發(fā)現(xiàn)反映了美國(guó)宇航局對(duì)建立長(zhǎng)期月球基地的可能性的興趣，該基地需要水為其供應(yīng)飲用和生產(chǎn)火箭燃料。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，該從句缺主語(yǔ)，且指代前面的基地，又有逗號(hào)隔開，指物，故填which。
【30題詳解】
考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：NASA在2020年進(jìn)行的調(diào)查證實(shí)，他們?cè)谠虑虮砻姘l(fā)現(xiàn)了水晶體，表明月球上可能存在比之前認(rèn)為更多的水。分析句子可知，該空應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)形式，依據(jù)句意，表示自然而然的結(jié)果應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，故填indicating。
第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)
第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
Four winter wonderlands for cold-weather getaways
◆ JW Marriott The Rosseau Muskoka
Beat any holiday stress with the new HydroSpa opening at Muskoka’s JW Marriott on Nov. 1. The outdoor water entertainment will be open year-round, offering multiple ways to relax including sea-salt floating pools and hot bathtubs.
Stays from $349 / night
◆ Old Stone Inn Boutique Hotel
This historic inn in Niagara Falls offers multiple ways to relax. There’s Winterfest, meals enjoyed in dining domes(穹頂)housed in the inn’s private square, and the Alpine Club offering roasted nuts and wine around a fire pit. The property will host its annual holiday market on Nov. 26.
Stays from $249 / night
◆ Dromoland Castle
If you’re going to go big—and further away—for New Year’s, you may as well go black tie. This grand estate in western Ireland is offering a three - night celebration package, beginning either Dec. 30 or 31. The event on New Year’s Eve includes a cocktail reception and six-course dinner. Guests will have access to various activities on the property’s 450 acres including hunting and farming.
Stays from $2,051 / night
◆ St. Regis Aspen
Along with access to many ski options, the hotel’s guests can expect family-friendly fun during the week leading up to Dec. 25. The workshop here is a craft room where attendees can make everything from toys to gifts by hand. Additional sessions cover winter cooking and house decorating.
Stays from US $899 / night
31. How often is the holiday market open in Old Stone Inn Boutique Hotel?
A. Yearly. B. Daily. C. Monthly. D. Weekly.
32. What activities can you enjoy if you stay at St. Regis Aspen?
A. Hunting. B. Floating. C. Skating. D. DIY.
33. Which may offer life experience in the countryside?
A. St. Regis Aspen. B. Old Stone Inn Boutique Hotel.
C. Dromoland Castle. D. JW Marriott The Rosseau Muskoka.
【答案】31. A 32. D 33. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了四個(gè)冬季避寒勝地。
【詳解】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Old Stone Inn Boutique Hotel這一部分中的“The property will host its annual holiday market on Nov. 26.”（該酒店將于11月26日舉辦一年一度的假日市場(chǎng)。）可知，Old Stone Inn Boutique Hotel的假日市場(chǎng)一年舉辦一次。故選A項(xiàng)。
2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由St. Regis Aspen這一部分中的“Santa’s Workshop is a craft room where attendees can make everything from toys to gifts by hand.”（圣誕老人的工作室是一個(gè)工藝室，參加者可以手工制作從玩具到禮物的所有東西。）可知，在St. Regis Aspen里，參加者可以手工制作自己喜歡的東西。故選D項(xiàng)。
3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Dromoland Castle這一部分中的“Guests will have access to various activities on the property’s 450 acres including hunting and farming.”（客人將可以在這酒店450英畝的地域里參加各種活動(dòng)，包括狩獵和農(nóng)業(yè)。）可知，游客可以在Dromoland Castle里體驗(yàn)鄉(xiāng)村生活。故選C項(xiàng)。
B
Honk if You Love Birds

When Ariel Cordova-Rojas rode her bike to Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge in Queens, New York, last November, she planned to go hiking and bird-watching. Bingo! A mile into her walk, she spotted a gorgeous female mute swan near the water’s edge. Cordova-Rojas, 30, who had worked at the Wild Bird Fund rehabilitation center in Manhattan, knew that mute swans can be aggressive. But as she approached this one, it didn’t move.
She was certain that the bird needed medical attention. Cordova-Rojas draped her jacket over the bird’s head to keep it calm, carefully picked it up, and held it in her arms. And then a thought struck her: What do I do now?
Her best bet was the rehab center, but that was across the East River and clear on the other side of town. How was she going to transport a 17-pound swan on her bike all that way? Luckily, some bemused strangers driving by offered her, her bike, and the swan a lift to a nearby subway station.
On the subway, no one seemed particularly annoyed by the feathered passenger. “One guy”, says Cordova-Rojas, “was sitting right in front of me on his phone. I don’t know if he noticed there was a swan in front of him.”
Cordova-Rojas called the rehab center on the way, and Tristan Higgin, an animal-care manager, picked her up at the subway station and drove bird, bike, and rescuer to the facility. There, staff members determined that the swan might have lead poisoning, caused by swallowing weights used on fishing lines.
The staff got the swan back up on her webbed feet. She even made a boyfriend at the center—another injured swan. Sadly, even with all that TLC, the swan contracted a bacterial infection. Two months after Cordova-Rojas came to her rescue, she passed away.
It’s a disappointing ending, but the real story is just how far some people are willing to go to save a swan in the big city—literally. “In all, Cordova-Rojas traveled two hours by foot, car, and subway,” says Higginbotham, “That’s the perfect summary of who she is.”
34. What happened when Ariel Cordova-Rojas went on her trip to Queens?
A. She was attacked by an aggressive swan when watching birds.
B. She discovered a sick mute swan and took it to the rehab center.
C. A female swan was transported to Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge.
D. A female swan was lifted to the nearby subway station by strangers.
35. What can we learn about the swan in the passage?
A. It had never been to a rehab center before.
B. It bothered the travelers on the subway.
C. It was poisoned and then contracted an infection
D. It was successfully rescued by all the passers-by.
36. Which of the following words can best describe Ariel Cordova-Rojas?
A. Enthusiastic and creative. B. Warm-hearted and professional.
C. Cooperative and generous. D. Responsible and ambitious.
【答案】34. B 35. C 36. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一位名為Ariel Cordova-Rojas女士不辭辛勞地救助一只受傷的天鵝的故事。
【34題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的句子“A mile into her walk, she spotted a gorgeous female mute swan near the water’s edge.（步行一英里后，她在水邊發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只美麗的雌性疣鼻天鵝）”和第三段的句子“Her best bet was the rehab center, but that was across the East River and clear on the other side of town.（她最好的選擇是康復(fù)中心，但那里在東河對(duì)面，在城鎮(zhèn)的另一邊）”以及第五段的第一句話“Cordova-Rojas called the rehab center on the way, and Tristan Higgin, an animal-care manager, picked her up at the subway station and drove bird, bike, and rescuer to the facility. （Cordova-Rojas在路上給康復(fù)中心打了電話，動(dòng)物護(hù)理經(jīng)理Tristan Higgin在地鐵站接了她，把鳥、自行車和救援車送到了康復(fù)中心）”可知，Cordova-Rojas 發(fā)現(xiàn)了受傷的天鵝并把它送到了康復(fù)中心。故選B項(xiàng)。
【35題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的句子“There, staff members determined that the swan might have lead poisoning, caused by swallowing weights used on fishing lines.（在那里，工作人員確定這只天鵝可能是鉛中毒，因?yàn)樗滔铝酸烎~線上的重物）”可知，天鵝是因?yàn)殂U中毒而受傷的；根據(jù)第六段的句子“ Sadly, even with all that TLC, the swan contracted a bacterial infection. （不幸的是，即使有了所有的TLC，天鵝還是感染了細(xì)菌）”可知，天鵝感染了細(xì)菌。故選C項(xiàng)。
【36題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)Cordova-Rojas對(duì)天鵝的救助行為和第一段的句子“Cordova-Rojas, 30, who had worked at the Wild Bird Fund rehabilitation center in Manhattan, knew that mute swans can be aggressive.（30歲的Cordova-Rojas曾在曼哈頓野生鳥類基金會(huì)康復(fù)中心工作，她知道疣鼻天鵝可能具有攻擊性）”和第二段的句子“She was certain that the bird needed medical attention. Cordova-Rojas draped her jacket over the bird’s head to keep it calm, carefully picked it up, and held it in her arms.（她確信這只鳥需要醫(yī)療照顧。Cordova-Rojas用自己的夾克蓋住鳥兒的頭，讓它保持冷靜，然后小心翼翼地把它撿起來(lái)，抱在懷里）”可知，Cordova-Rojas很熱心和專業(yè)。故選B項(xiàng)。
C
What are pillows really stuffed with? Not physically, but symbolically? The question occurred to me with the photos in the news and social media from the 50 cities around the world that staged public celebrations for International Pillow Fight Day. Armed with nothing more than bring-our-own sacrificial cushions, strangers struck heavily each other in playful feather from Amsterdam to Atlanta, Warsaw to Washington DC. But why? Is there anything more to this delightful celebration?
As a cultural sign, the pillow is deceptively soft. Since at least the 16th Century, the humble pillow has been given unexpected meanings. The Chinese playwright Tang Xianzu tells a famous story about a wise man who meets a depressed young scholar at an inn and offers him a magic pillow filled with the most vivid dreams of a seemingly more fulfilling life. When the young man awakens to discover that his happy 50-year dream has in fact come and gone in the short space of an afternoon’s nap, our impression of the pillow’s power shifts from wonder to terror.
Subsequent writers have likewise seized upon the pillow. When the 19th-Century English novelist Charlotte Bronte poetically observed “a ruffled (不平的) mind makes a restless pillow”, she didn’t just change the expected order of the adjectives and nouns, but instead she made unclear the boundaries between mind and matter — the thing resting and the thing rested upon.
It’s a trick perhaps Bronte learned from the Renaissance philosopher Montaigne, who once insisted that “ignorance is the softest pillow on which a man can rest his head”. On Montaigne’s thinking, intelligence and happiness confront each other forever in a pillow fight that only one can win.
With the words of Tang. Bronte, and Montaigne, we can perhaps more easily measure the attraction of the global pillow fight. Like a ritual of release, the annual international pillow fight amounts to a kind of cleansing, a brushing off of daily worries: an emptying of the world’s collective mind. Rather than a launch-pad for weightless rest, the pillow is a symbol of heavy thought: an anchor that drags the world’s soul down — one that must be lightened.
37. The example of Tang Xianzu is used to illustrate that ________.
A. pillows give people satisfactory dreams
B. dreams are always wonderful while the real world is cruel
C. people’s impression of pillows changes from wonder to terror
D. pillows symbolically convey the meaning in contrast to their soft appearance
38. From the passage, we can learn that Charlotte Bronte ________.
A. wrote poems about pillows
B. regarded pillows as reflections of our minds
C. shared the same viewpoint as Tang Xianzu on pillows
D. was likely to have been influenced by the thoughts of the Renaissance
39. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 “ignorance is the softest pillow on which a man can rest his head” most probably means ________.
A. pillows give us comfort
B. pillows make people more intelligent
C. people with too many thoughts have less inner peace
D. people can easily fall asleep when they know nothing
40. According to the author, why is Pillow Fight Day so popular around the world?
A. Because it is a ritual release.
B. Because it makes life delightful.
C. Because it comforts restless minds.
D. Because it contains a profound meaning of life.
【答案】37. D 38. B 39. D 40. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了國(guó)際枕頭大戰(zhàn)的意義和它受歡迎的原因。
【37題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“As a cultural sign, the pillow is deceptively soft. Since at least the 16th Century, the humble pillow has been given unexpected meanings. The Chinese playwright Tang Xianzu tells a famous story about a wise man who meets a depressed young scholar at an inn and offers him a magic pillow filled with the most vivid dreams of a seemingly more fulfilling life. When the young man awakens to discover that his happy 50-year dream has in fact come and gone in the short space of an afternoon’s nap, our impression of the pillow’s power shifts from wonder to terror.(作為一種文化標(biāo)志，枕頭看起來(lái)很柔軟。至少?gòu)?6世紀(jì)開始，不起眼的枕頭就被賦予了意想不到的意義。中國(guó)劇作家湯顯祖講了一個(gè)著名的故事：一位智者在客棧里遇到一位抑郁的年輕書生，并送給他一個(gè)神奇的枕頭，枕頭里裝滿了看似更加充實(shí)的生活的最生動(dòng)的夢(mèng)想。當(dāng)這個(gè)年輕人醒來(lái)，發(fā)現(xiàn)他50年的幸福夢(mèng)想實(shí)際上在一個(gè)下午的小睡中來(lái)了又去時(shí)，我們對(duì)枕頭力量的印象從驚訝變成了恐懼)”可知，以湯顯祖的例子來(lái)說(shuō)明，與柔軟的外觀形成鮮明對(duì)比的是，枕頭象征性地傳達(dá)了一種含義。故選D項(xiàng)。
【38題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的句子“When the 19th-Century English novelist Charlotte Bronte poetically observed ‘a(chǎn) ruffled (不平的) mind makes a restless pillow’, she didn’t just change the expected order of the adjectives and nouns, but instead she made unclear the boundaries between mind and matter — the thing resting and the thing rested upon.(19世紀(jì)英國(guó)小說(shuō)家夏洛蒂·勃朗特富有詩(shī)意地觀察到‘不安的頭腦形成不安的枕頭’，她不僅改變了形容詞和名詞的預(yù)期順序，反而模糊了精神和物質(zhì)之間的界限——休息的東西和被休息的東西)”可知，夏洛蒂·勃朗特把枕頭當(dāng)作我們思想的反映。故選B項(xiàng)。
【39題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線句子“ignorance is the softest pillow on which a man can rest his head(無(wú)知是最柔軟的枕頭，一個(gè)人可以在上面休息)”中關(guān)鍵詞ignorance可知，劃線部分的含義指的是什么都不想的，無(wú)知的人很容易入睡。故選D項(xiàng)。
【40題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的句子“Like a ritual of release, the annual international pillow fight amounts to a kind of cleansing, a brushing off of daily worries: an emptying of the world’s collective mind.(一年一度的國(guó)際枕頭大戰(zhàn)就像一種釋放的儀式，相當(dāng)于一種凈化，是對(duì)日常煩惱的撣除：是對(duì)世界集體思想的清空)”可知，枕頭大戰(zhàn)日在全世界都很受歡迎因?yàn)樗馨矒岵话驳男撵`。故選C項(xiàng)。
D
Virtual reality is quickly becoming the new technological frontier. Tech companies everywhere seem to be racing to get their foot in the VR door. However, Virtual reality has a set of challenges and hurdles that it must overcome in order to work well. Michael Abrash, a writer and programmer, listed a number of these in a speech from 2014; they include things like low latency, high refresh rate, high resolution, a wide field of view and rock solid tracking, among others. Even if you don’t quite understand the technical aspects of those terms, it should be noted that VR is heavily dependent on being very fast, very accurate and very good-looking. If it isn’t, the viewer will feel motion sick or disconnected from the world that VR is trying to create.
Now that we can actually build VR headsets that begin to meet these requirements, we are seeing a rising interest in VR. As it rises, so does the interest in creating new media to be experienced in using virtual reality. Journalism is a medium built on relevance. Journalists should always be finding new ways to tell stories and deliver content. It is a goldmine for storytelling. What better ways to tell a story to someone than to put them right in the center of it?
Some journalists and publications are already utilizing VR. Vice creative director Spike Jonze, in a collaboration with director and visual artist Chris Milk, put viewers at the scene of the Millions March protest in New York in December, 2014. The University of Southern California created “Project Syria,” which allows viewers to experience the bombing of a crowded neighborhood and visit a refugee camp in the titular, war-torn country. These are just a few examples of a growing number of projects that are out there.
Virtual reality is a powerful tool for journalists. The consumer isn’t just reading or watching something play out; they’re experiencing it. The immersive nature of VR allows for people to connect with the subject matter on a much deeper level than just reading about it. The experience is emotional, speaking more to our instinct than our intellect. The possibilities for storytelling here are legion, and any storyteller wanting to do something more interesting than their peers should surely be considering the sheer power of VR.
The question of virtual reality, though, is not how powerful it is. That is immediately apparent. The question of VR is one of viability and availability. Telling stories must be easy to do, and access to those stories must be readily available. This is the biggest challenge that VR faces. If the tools to tell a story with VR aren’t easy to pick up and learn, VR will fail. If VR technology isn’t both top-of-the-line and affordable, VR will fail.
Accessibility was one concern for Thomas Hallaq, assistant professor of journalism and mass communications, who said that current VR technology is pretty exclusive right now. Despite that, he said he doesn’t think the exclusivity of this technology will be a problem in the long run.
“I think it’s very promising,” Hallaq said. “We’re seeing more technology become accessible, and more people having access to that technology. Just look at smartphones.” If the technology is widely available and companies like Oculus, Samsung, HTC and Valve can overcome the inherent hurdles, VR will succeed in being a desirable means of storytelling. Like radio, TV and the Internet before it, virtual reality will change the way we tell stories.
41. Why is VR considered a powerful tool for journalism?
A. Because it is an exclusively new tool.
B. Because it is very powerful and popular.
C. Because people can experience the story in person.
D. Because it is very fast, accurate and good-looking.
42. According to the passage, what is the biggest challenge VR is facing?
A. How powerful and interesting it can be. B. Whether people will have easy access to it.
C. Whether qualified VR headsets can be built. D. What new ways people will find to deliver content.
43. What’s the author’s attitude towards the future of VR technology?
A optimistic B. neutral C. pessimistic D. concerned
44. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. The Wide Popularity of Virtual Reality B. The Future Development of Virtual Reality
C. Challenges and Hurdles of Virtual Reality D. Virtual Reality is the Future of Storytelling
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)（VR）技術(shù)在新聞?lì)I(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用，虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)是記者的強(qiáng)大工具，但也存在一定的問(wèn)題。
【41題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Journalism is a medium built on relevance. Journalists should always be finding new ways to tell stories and deliver content. It is a goldmine for storytelling. What better ways to tell a story to someone than to put them right in the center of it?(新聞是建立在相關(guān)性之上的媒體。記者應(yīng)該一直尋找新的方式來(lái)講述故事和傳遞內(nèi)容。這是講故事的金礦。還有什么比把一個(gè)人放在故事的中心更好的方法呢？)”可知，虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)被認(rèn)為是新聞的強(qiáng)大工具是因?yàn)槿藗兛梢杂H身體驗(yàn)故事。故選C。
【42題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Telling stories must be easy to do, and access to those stories must be readily available. This is the biggest challenge that VR faces.(講故事必須是容易做到的，而且必須能夠隨時(shí)獲得這些故事。這是VR面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn))”可知，虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)是人們是否容易獲得它。故選B。
【43題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“If the technology is widely available and companies like Oculus, Samsung, HTC and Valve can overcome the inherent hurdles, VR will succeed in being a desirable means of storytelling. Like radio, TV and the Internet before it, virtual reality will change the way we tell stories.(如果這項(xiàng)技術(shù)得到廣泛應(yīng)用，Oculus、三星、HTC和Valve等公司能夠克服固有的障礙，VR將成功成為一種令人滿意的講故事的手段。就像之前的廣播、電視和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)一樣，虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)將改變我們講故事的方式)”可推知，作者對(duì)VR技術(shù)的未來(lái)持積極態(tài)度。故選A。
【44題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“As it rises, so does the interest in creating new media to be experienced in using virtual reality. Journalism is a medium built on relevance. Journalists should always be finding new ways to tell stories and deliver content. It is a goldmine for storytelling. What better ways to tell a story to someone than to put them right in the center of it?(隨著虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)的興起，人們對(duì)創(chuàng)造新媒體體驗(yàn)虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)的興趣也在增加。新聞是建立在相關(guān)性之上的媒體。記者應(yīng)該一直尋找新的方式來(lái)講述故事和傳遞內(nèi)容。這是講故事的金礦。還有什么比把一個(gè)人放在故事的中心更好的方法呢？)”結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)（VR）技術(shù)在新聞?lì)I(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用，虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)是記者的強(qiáng)大工具，但也存在一定的問(wèn)題?？芍珼選項(xiàng)“虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)是講故事的未來(lái)”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
False Memories or Parallel (平行的) Realities?
Here is a common situation: You’re talking with someone about an event, only to discover that you both remember things quite differently. Usually, you’d put it down to a poor memory, but what if it wasn’t just one person who remembered things differently? What if it was millions?
In fact, this isn’t a “what if” situation. It’s known as the Mandela Effect, and it was first noticed in 2009 by paranormal researcher Fiona Broome. Broome was chatting with people about the South African activist Nelson Mandela, and she commented how sad it was that he had died in prison in the 1980s. ___45___ Actually, he'd been released in 1990, become president of South Africa, and died in 2013.
Broome was so shocked at this that she started an investigation. ___46___ People have memories of movies that never existed, and famous words that were never spoken. There is even a group who clearly recall seeing maps showing that New Zealand was northeast of Australia (it’s southeast ). So what in the world is going on?
___47___ In each reality, history is shaped by different events, and the Mandela Effect occurs when some of us shift from one reality to another. Therefore, those who remember Nelson Mandela dying in the 1980s aren’t wrong. They’re just remembering events from their original reality.
More likely, however, is that the Mandela Effect has to do with how our brains store information. ___48___ Many people remember Pikachu’s tail having a black tip on the end of it, when in fact it was always yellow. “Aha!” you cry. “Parallel realities!” Probably not. Consider instead that people often ignore unfamiliar details and transform information to make it more understandable. In the Pikachu example, his tail may not have a black tip, but his ears certainly do. Thus, both his ears and tail are misremembered as having black tips. ___49___
All things considered, if you’re stuck arguing with someone about whose version of events is correct, it may indeed be easier to agree that neither of you is wrong. You just come from different realities.
A. Before we explain let’s look at an example.
B. It turns out she wasn’t the only one who’d experienced this.
C. If several people make these memory errors, the false memory gets stronger socially.
D. The story of Nelson Mandela is not the only example of this type of false group memory.
E. Some claim the Mandela Effect happens because we live in one of many parallel realities.
F. Many in her group agreed, while others mentioned that Nelson Mandela had not died in prison.
G. As more incidents of the Mandela effect continue to occur, perhaps more research into the origins will tell us the causes.
【答案】45. F 46. D 47. E 48. A 49. C
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了曼德拉效應(yīng)的發(fā)現(xiàn)以及相關(guān)研究和其產(chǎn)生的原因。
【45題詳解】
上文“Broome was chatting with people about the South African activist Nelson Mandela, and she commented how sad it was that he had died in prison in the 1980s（布魯姆和人們聊起了南非社會(huì)活動(dòng)家納爾遜·曼德拉，她說(shuō)曼德拉在20世紀(jì)80年代死于獄中是多么令人悲傷。）”說(shuō)明在布魯姆記憶中曼德拉80年代死于獄中，下文“Actually, he'd been released in 1990, become president of South Africa, and died in 2013.（實(shí)際上，他在1990年被釋放，成為南非總統(tǒng)，并于2013年去世。）”說(shuō)明事實(shí)上曼德拉并不像布魯姆記憶中的那樣死于獄中，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Many in her group agreed, while others mentioned that Nelson Mandela had not died in prison.（她所在小組的很多人都同意這一觀點(diǎn)，而其他人則提到，納爾遜·曼德拉并沒(méi)有死在監(jiān)獄里。）”說(shuō)明對(duì)曼德拉死亡時(shí)間這件事情的兩種不同的觀點(diǎn)，承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F項(xiàng)。
【46題詳解】
下文“People have memories of movies that never existed, and famous words that were never spoken. There is even a group who clearly recall seeing maps showing that New Zealand was northeast of Australia (it’s southeast ).（人們對(duì)從未存在過(guò)的電影有記憶，對(duì)從未說(shuō)過(guò)的名言有記憶。甚至有一群人清楚地記得看到地圖顯示新西蘭在澳大利亞的東北部(它在東南)。）”介紹了一些其他的有關(guān)錯(cuò)誤記憶的例子，D項(xiàng)“The story of Nelson Mandela is not the only example of this type of false group memory.（納爾遜·曼德拉的故事并不是這種錯(cuò)誤群體記憶的唯一例子。）”引出下文，說(shuō)明有關(guān)錯(cuò)誤記憶的例子，符合語(yǔ)境，故選D項(xiàng)。
【47題詳解】
上一段段末“So what in the world is going on?（那么到底發(fā)生了什么？）”以提問(wèn)的方式引出下文對(duì)曼德拉效應(yīng)產(chǎn)生原因的解釋，下文“In each reality, history is shaped by different events, and the Mandela Effect occurs when some of us shift from one reality to another.（在每個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)中，歷史是由不同的事件塑造的，當(dāng)我們中的一些人從一個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)轉(zhuǎn)向另一個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)時(shí)，曼德拉效應(yīng)就發(fā)生了。）”說(shuō)明曼德勒效應(yīng)產(chǎn)生可能是由于不同的現(xiàn)實(shí)，E項(xiàng)“Some claim the Mandela Effect happens because we live in one of many parallel realities.（一些人聲稱，曼德拉效應(yīng)的出現(xiàn)是因?yàn)槲覀兩钤谠S多平行的現(xiàn)實(shí)中。）”作為段首，承上啟下，引出“多個(gè)平行現(xiàn)實(shí)”這一概念，說(shuō)明有些人認(rèn)為的曼德拉效應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的原因，和下文中“從一個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)轉(zhuǎn)向另一個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)”相銜接，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)。
【48題詳解】
上文“More likely, however, is that the Mandela Effect has to do with how our brains store information.（然而，更有可能的是，曼德拉效應(yīng)與我們大腦儲(chǔ)存信息的方式有關(guān)。）”提出了另一種曼德拉效應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的原因，下文“Many people remember Pikachu’s tail having a black tip on the end of it, when in fact it was always yellow…Probably not…In the Pikachu example, his tail may not have a black tip, but his ears certainly do. Thus, both his ears and tail are misremembered as having black tips.（許多人都記得皮卡丘的尾巴末端有一個(gè)黑色的尖，但實(shí)際上它總是黃色的……或許不是……在皮卡丘的例子中，它的尾巴可能沒(méi)有黑色的尖，但它的耳朵肯定有。因此，人們誤以為它的耳朵和尾巴都是黑色的。）”以皮卡丘的例子說(shuō)明曼德拉效應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的另一個(gè)原因可能是人們信息存儲(chǔ)的問(wèn)題，A項(xiàng)“Before we explain let’s look at an example.（在解釋之前，讓我們看一個(gè)例子。）”承上啟下，引出下文的例子。故選A項(xiàng)。
【49題詳解】
上文“Many people remember Pikachu’s tail having a black tip on the end of it, when in fact it was always yellow…Thus, both his ears and tail are misremembered as having black tips.（許多人都記得皮卡丘的尾巴末端有一個(gè)黑色的尖，但實(shí)際上它總是黃色的……因此，人們誤以為它的耳朵和尾巴都是黑色的。）”說(shuō)明人們對(duì)皮卡丘形象的錯(cuò)誤記憶是由于人們對(duì)信息的錯(cuò)誤處理，C項(xiàng)“If several people make these memory errors, the false memory gets stronger socially.（如果一些人犯了這些記憶錯(cuò)誤，錯(cuò)誤的記憶就會(huì)在社會(huì)上變得更強(qiáng)。）”說(shuō)明為什么很多人會(huì)有一個(gè)群體的錯(cuò)誤記憶，承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。
第三部分：書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，32分)
第一節(jié)(共4小題：第50，51題每小題2分，第52題3分，第53題5分，共12分)
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容在橫線上寫下相關(guān)信息，完成對(duì)該問(wèn)題的回答。
How do our food choices affect the environment?
Producing the foods we eat has massive environmental impacts: it requires vast tracts of land and huge quantities of water. In addition to using land and water, food production results in greenhouse gas emissions—from the fossil fuels burned to run tractors and harvesters, for example, and from the gases released when cow manure decomposes(糞便分解) and from when cows burp and fart(打嗝和放屁). These emissions add up: scientists estimate that food production around the world causes up to 30% of all the greenhouse gases people release to the atmosphere each year.
Raising cows and sheep for meat has an especially large environmental footprint with regards to land use, water use, and greenhouse gas emissions. Because of this, we wanted to find out: Would changing peoples’ diets have a significant environmental effect? And if so, which diets are likely to be healthiest for ourselves and for the planet?
We identified 14 diets that scientists have proposed as being more environmentally sustainable: these included vegan, vegetarian, pescatarian(魚素者，吃魚不吃肉的半素食主義者), and replacing red meat with pork and chicken, to name a few.
Overall our review found that reducing meat intake generally resulted in less greenhouse gas emissions, less land use, and less water use. The environmental impact from switching to alternative diets varied greatly across the studies—some found changes of 70% less greenhouse gas emissions and land use, while others found only slight reductions or even increases.
The more sustainable diets were generally considered slightly healthier due to increased vegetable and fruit and reduced red and processed meat consumption.
Being conscious about both the environmental impacts and healthiness of the foods we eat is an important start. For most of us, following healthy guidelines for a balanced diet would go a long way to improving health and environmental sustainability.
50. What impacts does food production have on the environment?
____________________________________________________________
51. In terms of our daily diet, what can we do to reduce environmental impacts?
____________________________________________________________
52. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Diets like vegan, vegetarian, pescatarian and the like are considered more environmentally sustainable and healthier due to the absence of red meat.
____________________________________________________________
53. Apart from what has been mentioned in the passage, what can we do to make our life more eco-friendly?
____________________________________________________________
【答案】50. Using land and water and resulting in greenhouse emission.
51. Reducing meat intake.
52. Diets like vegan, vegetarian, pescatarian and the like are considered more environmentally sustainable and healthier due to the absence of red meat. Because the more sustainable diets were generally considered slightly healthier but not healthier due to increased vegetable and fruit and reduced red and processed meat consumption.
53. We should have the save-energy consciousness and do something that we can, for instance using the bus rather than the car when you go out, re-using the things that can be recycled, reducing the use of plastic bags and so on.

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章分析了我們的食物選擇為什么會(huì)影響環(huán)境。
【50題詳解】
考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段的第二句話“In addition to using land and water, food production results in greenhouse gas emissions—from the fossil fuels burned to run tractors and harvesters, for example, and from the gases released when cow manure decomposes(糞便分解) and from when cows burp and fart(打嗝和放屁). （除了使用土地和水之外，糧食生產(chǎn)還會(huì)產(chǎn)生溫室氣體排放——例如，拖拉機(jī)和收割機(jī)燃燒的化石燃料、牛糞分解時(shí)釋放的氣體以及奶牛打嗝和放屁時(shí)釋放的氣體）”可知，糧食生產(chǎn)對(duì)環(huán)境的影響主要包括使用土地和水以及產(chǎn)生溫室氣體排放。故答案為Using land and water and resulting in greenhouse emission.
【51題詳解】
考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段的第一句話“Overall, our review found that reducing meat intake generally resulted in less greenhouse gas emissions, less land use, and less water use.（總的來(lái)說(shuō)，我們的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，減少肉類攝入量通常會(huì)減少溫室氣體排放，減少土地使用和水的使用）”可知，減少肉類攝入量就會(huì)減少對(duì)環(huán)境的影響。故答案為Reducing meat intake.
【52題詳解】
考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段句子“The more sustainable diets were generally considered slightly healthier due to increased vegetable and fruit and reduced red and processed meat consumption.（由于蔬菜和水果的增加以及紅肉和加工肉類消費(fèi)的減少，更可持續(xù)的飲食通常被認(rèn)為稍微健康一些。）”可知，純素、素食、魚素等飲食只是略微健康，而不是更健康。故答案為Diets like vegan, vegetarian, pescatarian and the like are considered more environmentally sustainable and healthier due to the absence of red meat. Because the more sustainable diets were generally considered slightly healthier but not healthier due to increased vegetable and fruit and reduced red and processed meat consumption.
【53題詳解】
本題是一道開放題，言之有理即可。該問(wèn)題主語(yǔ)涉及到在生活中我們能做些什么使我們的生活更環(huán)保? 根據(jù)生活常識(shí)，生活中我們可以做很多事來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)環(huán)保行為。例如外出時(shí)使用公共汽車而不是汽車，重復(fù)使用可以回收的東西，減少使用塑料袋等等。故答案為：We should have the save-energy consciousness and do something that we can, for instance using the bus rather than the car when you go out, re-using the things that can be recycled, reducing the use of plastic bags and so on.
第二節(jié)(20分)
54. 假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你的英國(guó)筆友Jim來(lái)信詢問(wèn)你校開展體育活動(dòng)的情況。請(qǐng)你給他回信，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 你校開展的體育活動(dòng)；
2. 你最喜歡的一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)及理由。
注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右；
2. 開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Jim,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
It’s pleasure to receive your email asking me about the physical activities of our school and I’d love to share them with you. We have many different kinds of activities, such as playing basketball, football, volleyball, running, going skiing and so on.
As for me, my favorite sport is running, from which I benefit a lot. First, running is good for my health. Second, I, as you may know, am busy preparing for my college entrance examination. Running can make me relaxed some time. Besides, I like the feeling of running around on the playground, enjoying the sunshine and breathing the fresh air.
How about you? I am so curious about your physical activities in Britain. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你的英國(guó)筆友Jim來(lái)信詢問(wèn)你校開展體育活動(dòng)的情況。請(qǐng)你給他回信。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
快樂(lè)：pleasure→joy
各種各樣的：many different kinds of→a variety of
此外：besides→in addition
放松的：relaxed→relieved
2.句式拓展
簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句
原句：We have many different kinds of activities, such as playing basketball, football, volleyball, running, going skiing and so on.
拓展句：We have many different kinds of activities, which include playing basketball, football, volleyball, running, going skiing and so on.
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1] It’s pleasure to receive your email asking me about the physical activities of our school and I’d love to share them with you. (運(yùn)用了it作形式主語(yǔ))
[高分句型2] As for me, my favorite sport is running, from which I benefit a lot. (運(yùn)用了“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)