?重慶八中 2022—2023 學(xué)年度(上)半期考試高一年級(jí)
英語試題
第一部分 聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分 30 分)
第一節(jié)(共 5 小題;每小題 1.5 分，滿分 7.5 分)
聽下面 5 段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有 10 秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
1. Which shirt does the man like?
A. The blue one. B. The yellow one. C. The pink one.
2. What will the man probably do?
A. Step out with the woman.
B. Contact the woman later.
C. Wait for Brad’s call.
3. What are the speakers trying to do?
A. Take a long walk.
B. Reduce the noise.
C. Find a quieter place.
4. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a library. B. In a classroom. C. In a bookstore.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A season. B. A city. C. The weather.
第二節(jié)(共 15 小題;每小題 1.5 分，滿分 22.5 分)
聽下面 5 段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題 5 秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出 5 秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 題。
6. When will the speakers leave for the airport?
A At 3:00. B. At 3:30. C. At 4:30.
7. How will the speakers get to the airport?
A. By taxi. B. By subway. C. By car.
聽第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 題。
8. How many nights does the man want to stay at the hotel?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
9 What will the woman do next?
A. Work on some reports. B. Make a reservation. C. Go sightseeing.
聽第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 題。
10. How does the woman feel now?
A. Worried. B. Relieved. C. Excited.
11. What are the speakers going to do?
A. Play football. B. Watch a game. C. Visit a stadium.
12. What makes the man happy?
A. Getting a good seat.
B. Having a football shirt.
C. Buying the tickets in time.
聽第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 題。
13. Who will graduate from college?
A. Sam. B. Cathy. C. Peter.
14. Why does the woman send her son to China?
A. He will study there.
B. She wants him to work there.
C. He is interested in Chinese culture.
15. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Keep a secret. B. Show her around. C. Offer some advice.
16. What is the probable relationship between the man and Judy?
A. Brother and sister. B. Husband and wife. C. Mother and son.
聽第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 題。
17. What does the speaker think of his first marathon?
A. Disappointing. B. Difficult. C. Satisfying.
18. Which marathon does the speaker like best?
A. The one in Japan.
B. The one in Iceland.
C. The one in Thailand.
19. Why does the speaker find the race in Kuala Lumpur hardest?
A. He was too nervous.
B. He lacked training beforehand.
C. He didn’t take his running shoes.
20. What made the speaker shocked in the race in Russia?
A. He got the third place.
B. It took place in hot weather.
C. He completed his challenge.
第二部分 英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用
單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)
從 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
1. It is strongly recommended that the date ________ by two days.
A. should advance B. be advanced
C. has been advanced D. is advanced
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查虛擬語氣。句意：強(qiáng)烈建議將日期提前兩天。根據(jù)句意分析句子可知，句中的it是形式主語，真正的主語是后面that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，句中的recommend意為“建議”，所以后面that從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略，且從句的主語the date和謂語動(dòng)詞advance之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選B項(xiàng)。
2. Many of the churches and castles we see today________ the 19th and early 20th centuries.
A. are dated back to B. date back to
C. will be dated back to D. will date back to
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：我們今天看到的許多教堂和城堡都可以追溯到19世紀(jì)和20世紀(jì)初。date back to意為“追溯到”，不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，排除A和C；句子描述客觀事實(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故選B。
3. Selecting a digital camera for personal use is no easy task because technology _____ so rapidly.
A is developing B. has developed
C. will have developed D. will develop
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：選擇一臺(tái)數(shù)碼相機(jī)供個(gè)人使用并非易事，因?yàn)榧夹g(shù)發(fā)展得如此迅速。根據(jù)語境可知技術(shù)發(fā)展是一個(gè)現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，故應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選A。
4. Spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes________ very difficult ________ other things in life.
A. it; focusing on B. that; to focus on
C. that; focusing on D. it; to focus on
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查it用法和固定句型。句意：花太多時(shí)間上網(wǎng)是不健康的，會(huì)讓你很難專注于生活中的其他事情。根據(jù)句意和句中的make以及形容詞difficult分析句子可知，該題是考查由make構(gòu)成的固定句型make it+adjective+to do something，其中it是形式賓語，真正的賓語是后面的不定式，形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。而代詞that是不可以作形式賓語或形式主語的。故選D項(xiàng)。
5. His movie won several awards at the film festival, ________ was beyond his wildest dream.
A. who B. that C. which D. what
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：他的電影在電影節(jié)上得了幾個(gè)獎(jiǎng)，這是他做夢(mèng)也想不到的。根據(jù)句意分析句子可知，逗號(hào)后面的部分是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，該定語從句缺少主語，所以空格處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，代指前面句子的內(nèi)容；關(guān)系代詞who只能代指人，所以排除A項(xiàng)；that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，所以排除B項(xiàng)；what不是關(guān)系代詞，不可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，排除D項(xiàng)。which可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，代指前面主句的內(nèi)容。故選C項(xiàng)。
6. The teenager________ cleaning up the campus________ playing computer games.
A. preferred to; than B. preferred; to
C. preferred to; to D. preferred; than
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：這個(gè)少年寧愿打掃校園也不愿玩電腦游戲。prefer doing...to doing...是固定短語，意為“寧愿做……而不愿做……”，故選B。
7. Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day________ along the new highway________ Cusco to Lake Titicaca.
A. driving; connected B. drove; connecting
C. driving; connecting D. drove; connected
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：您可以沿著連接Cusco和Titicaca湖的新公路開車，享受美麗的鄉(xiāng)村風(fēng)光。spend some time doing是固定短語，意為“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”，第一空用ing形式；as引導(dǎo)的從句中謂語是spend，空格處用非謂語動(dòng)詞，highway和connect之間是主謂關(guān)系，因此第二空用現(xiàn)在分詞，表主動(dòng)。故選C。
8. It’s not what you think but what you do________ counts.
A. what B. which C. as D. that
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意：重要的不是你怎么想，而是你怎么做。根據(jù)句意和“It’s”可知，句子是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，結(jié)構(gòu)是“It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分+that/who+其他部分”，句中強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“not what you think but what you do”，因此空格處是that，故選D。
9. Li Na is still recognized as one of the best tennis players around the world she has retired.
A. as if B. since C. even though D. now that
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管李娜已經(jīng)退役，但她仍然被認(rèn)為是世界上最好的網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員之一。A. as if好像；B. since既然；C. even though盡管；D. now that既然。由句意可知，“李娜已經(jīng)退役”和“她仍然被認(rèn)為是世界上最好的網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員之一”是讓步轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，even though符合句意。故選C項(xiàng)。
10. They were given nothing________ dry bread and water for their evening meal.
A. other than B. rather than C. more than D. less than
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：除了干面包和水，他們晚上什么也沒有吃。A. other than除了；B. rather than而不是；C. more than超過；D. less than少于。短語nothing other than表示“除……外沒有別的”。故選A。
11. China’s high-speed railways________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.
A. grew B. have grown C. had grown D. grow
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：中國(guó)的高速鐵路在過去幾年里從9000公里增長(zhǎng)到25000公里。根據(jù)句意和句中“in the past few years”可知，句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞為“have/has done”，“high-speed railways”和“have”連用，“grow”的過去分詞為“grown”，故空格處應(yīng)填“have grown”。故選B項(xiàng)。
12. I have been out of work for half a year, so I want to ______ a job in this company.
A. prepare for B. take out C. work out D. apply for
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：我已經(jīng)失業(yè)半年了，所以我想申請(qǐng)這家公司的工作。A. prepare for準(zhǔn)備；B. take out取出；C. work out解決；D. apply for申請(qǐng)。根據(jù)前文句意以及后文“a job”可知，此處應(yīng)指“申請(qǐng)工作”。故選D項(xiàng)。
13. I often ______ you with your sister-----you look so alike.
A. contact B. confuse C. compare D. compete
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我經(jīng)常把你和你的妹妹弄混。----你們長(zhǎng)得太像了。A.contact 聯(lián)系；B.confuse 使混亂;C.compare比較； D.compete競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。根據(jù)“ you look so alike”可知，我經(jīng)常把你和你的妹妹弄混。故選B項(xiàng)。
14. He cannot concentrate________ the reading due to the________ scream outside the library.
A. on; annoying B. on; annoyed C. to; annoying D. to; annoyed
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查固定短語和形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于圖書館外面惱人的尖叫聲，他無法集中精力讀書。第一空為短語concentrate on表示“集中于”；第二空修飾scream應(yīng)用-ing結(jié)尾形容詞annoying，annoyed常用于修飾人，表示“生氣的”不符合語境。故選A。
15. This book, which is quite _______ beginners, has been a best seller on the Internet in recent years.
A. responsible for B. concerned for C. suitable for D. grateful for
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這本書很適合初學(xué)者，近年來在網(wǎng)上很暢銷。A. responsible for對(duì)······負(fù)責(zé)；B. concerned for關(guān)心······；C. suitable for對(duì)······合適；D. grateful for對(duì)······感激。由“這本書近年來在網(wǎng)上很暢銷”可知，說明它很適合（suitable for）初學(xué)者，所以買的人多。故選C項(xiàng)。
第三部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分 50 分)
第一節(jié)(共 15 小題;每小題 2.5 分，滿分 37.5 分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)A、B、C和D中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
Smokejumpers
Every year, wildfires destroy millions of hectares of forest. Homes are damaged, and thousands of people die. Smokejumpers are helping to stop this.
What is the smokejumper?
Smokejumpers are a special type of firefighter. They jump from planes into areas that are difficult to reach by car or on foot, like the middle of a mountain forest. They race to put out fires as fast as they can.
What do smokejumpers do?
At a fire site, smokejumpers first examine the land and decide how to fight the fire. Their main goal is to stop a fire from spreading. Using basic equipment such as shovels and axes, smokejumpers clear land of burnable material like plants and other dry material. They carry water with them too, but only a limited amount.
Who can be a smokejumper?
Although the majority of smokejumpers are men, more women are joining. The most important things are your height and weight. Smokejumpers employed in the US, for example, must be 120 to 200 pounds (54 to 91 kilograms), so they don’t get hurt when they land, or get blown by strong winds. Smokejumpers must also be capable of surviving in the wild.
The work is dangerous, and the hours are long. But for these firefighters, smokejumping isn’t just a job. They love being able to jump out of planes, fight fires, and live in the forest. As a 28-year-old smokejumper Bob Smith says, “This is the best job for tough guys.”
16. What is the first thing a smokejumper does after arriving at a fire site?
A. Clear the land. B. Look for water.
C. Study the area. D. Record the accident.
17. If you want to be a smokejumper, you must be ________.
A. male B. heavy
C. older than 28 years of age D. within a certain weight range
18. From which website would you most probably find this text?
A. all-jobs. org B. what-is-on. com
C. adventuretours. org D. extremesports. com
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹的是空降森林消防員的工作內(nèi)容和加入要求等。
【16題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“What do smokejumpers do?”部分的句子“At a fire site, smokejumpers first examine the land and decide how to fight the fire.（在火災(zāi)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，消防隊(duì)員首先檢查地面情況并決定如何滅火）”可知，在到達(dá)火場(chǎng)以后，空降森林消防員首先要研究地面的情況。故選C項(xiàng)。
【17題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Who can be a smokejumper?”部分的句子“The most important things are your height and weight. Smokejumpers employed in the US, for example, must be 120 to 200 pounds (54 to 91 kilograms), so they don’t get hurt when they land, or get blown by strong winds.（最重要的是你的身高和體重。舉例來說，美國(guó)雇用的空降森林消防員必須重120到200磅(54到91公斤)，這樣他們?cè)谥憰r(shí)就不會(huì)受傷，也不會(huì)被強(qiáng)風(fēng)吹走）”可知，空降森林消防員的體重要在一定的范圍以內(nèi)，不能太重也不能太輕。故選D項(xiàng)。
【18題詳解】
推理判斷題。本文主要介紹的是空降森林消防員的工作內(nèi)容和加入要求等。所以這篇文章應(yīng)該來自和工作、職業(yè)相關(guān)的網(wǎng)站。故選A項(xiàng)。
B
Many of us have heard of Alex Honnold, who made history in 2018 when he became the first man to climb El Capitan without ropes or safety equipment. But his mother, Dierdre Wolownick, just became the oldest woman to conquer the famous peak: She reached the top on September 23 — the morning of her 70th birthday.
Dierdre, the writer and language teacher, decided to take up climbing as a means of connecting more with her son. In 2008, accompanied by her son Alex, she visited a climbing gym and completed 12 routes that first day with his help, but it was months before she worked up the courage to return and practice on her own.
Dierdre became committed to the sport, and began to meet friends and sharpen her skills. She scaled parts of Half Dome Trail and Cathedral Peak at a time when many people at her age are thinking about retirement and slowing down. The writer would go on to publish a book about her climbing experiences with Alex called The Sharp End of Life: A Mother’s Story.
“As a mother, I am impressed by this role exchange process. Parents and children often wind up changing roles in life as they get older,” she writes in her book. “But never, I thought, is that transformation as obvious as when they climb together.”
On September 23, Dierdre and her friends set out in the dark, at 6 a.m. The route is steep enough to require all fours, grabbing rocks and trees and whatever else will hold the weight. Yet despite all difficulties, the team made it to the top. “It was really inspiring to watch her and then to have her on top with all of us,” said one of Dierdre’s friends. “There was a special look on everyone’s face. We knew where we were. We knew how amazing the moment truly was.
19. Why did Dierdre start climbing mountains?
A. To celebrate her birthday. B. To know her son better.
C. To seek writing inspiration. D. To set an example for her son.
20. Which of the following best describes Dierdre?
A. Courageous and inspiring. B. Patient and responsible.
C. Devoted and generous. D. Confident and creative.
21. What does the last paragraph tell about Dierdre’s climbing journey?
A. It was arranged on her own. B. It was worth the efforts.
C. It took days to be completed. D. It required special equipment.
22. What may be a suitable title for the text?
A. Mountain climbing benefits health B. A mother goes beyond her son’s wish
C. Slow down, better your life D. Climb together, connect closer
【答案】19. B 20. A 21. B 22. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了世界級(jí)攀巖者Alex Honnold的母親Dierdre Wolownick，為了更好地了解他，致力于攀巖運(yùn)動(dòng)，提高自己的技能，并于自己70歲生日時(shí)攀上了著名的山峰的故事。
【19題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Dierdre, the writer and language teacher, decided to take up climbing as a means of connecting more with her son.(Dierdre是一名作家兼語言教師，她決定通過登山來和兒子建立更多的聯(lián)系。)”可知，Dierdre開始爬山是因?yàn)橄敫嗟亓私庾约旱膬鹤印９蔬xB。
【20題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“She reached the top on September 23—the morning of her 70th birthday.(她在9月23日——她70歲生日的早晨登上了頂峰)”，第二段的“it was months before she worked up the courage to return and practice on her own(幾個(gè)月后她才鼓足勇氣回來獨(dú)自練習(xí))”及最后一段的“It was really inspiring to watch her and then to have her on top with all of us(看著她，然后讓她和我們所有人一起站在上面，這真的很鼓舞人心。)”可知，Dierdre是一個(gè)有勇氣和鼓舞人心的人。故選A。
【21題詳解】
推理判斷題。由文章最后一段Dierdre的朋友的話““It was really inspiring to watch her and then to have her on top with all of us,” said one of Dierdre’s friends. “There was a special look on everyone’s face. We knew where we were. We knew how amazing the moment truly was.(Dierdre的一位朋友說：“看著她，然后讓她和我們所有人一起站在上面，這真的很鼓舞人心?！泵總€(gè)人的臉上都有一種特殊的表情。我們知道我們?cè)谀睦?。我們知道那一刻是多么的不可思議。)”可知，盡管他們遇到了很多的困難，但當(dāng)看到她以及大家臉上高興的表情，他們知道了他們現(xiàn)在在干什么，此刻是多么的不可思議，因此可知他們的努力沒有白費(fèi)。故選B。
【22題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“But his mother, Dierdre Wolownick, just became the oldest woman to conquer the famous peak: She reached the top on September 23—the morning of her 70th birthday.(但他的母親Dierdre Wolownick剛剛成為登上這座著名山峰的最年長(zhǎng)女性：她在9月23日——也就是她70歲生日的早晨——登上了頂峰。)”和第二段的“Dierdre, the writer and language teacher, decided to take up climbing as a means of connecting more with her son.(Dierdre是一名作家兼語言教師，她決定通過登山來和兒子建立更多的聯(lián)系。)”可知，本文主要講述了70歲的Dierdre為了更了解兒子Alex Honnold，毅然選擇參與到兒子愛好的登山活動(dòng)中，并取得了不小的成就，故D項(xiàng)“Climb together, connect closer(一起攀登，關(guān)系更近)”最適合作為本文標(biāo)題。故選D。
C
Ever imagined that your simple T-shirt could cool you down by up to 5°C on hot summer days? Thanks to a recent discovery, the possibility is getting closer. The amazing invention aims to offer real relief to people eager to feel comfortable and fresh in the outdoors on hot days.
Its inventors, engineers Ma Yaoguang of Zhejiang University and Tao Guangming of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in China, took a completely innovative approach. They designed a special textile (紡織品) that can absorb body heat and re-emit (重發(fā)出) its energy into space as mid-infrared radiation. This textile cools both the objects and their surroundings through a technique known as radiative cooling. This means that even when it looks like you are wearing regular shirt, you are actually wearing a device that works like a mirror.
Research conducted at Stanford University in 2017 had already managed to cool the wearer by 3°C, but this previous trial was limited. So researchers still need to test the new approach to determine how effectively the new fabric cools while the wearers are standing or walking, and not directly facing the sky, like in their trials. They also need to examine and measure how well it works when T-shirts are not in close contact with the skin.
Inventors Ma and Tao are now looking out for textile manufacturers and clothing brands that are interested in using their fabric. They estimate that the new material will increase clothing manufacturing costs by just 10 percent. “We can make it with mass production which means everybody can get a T-shirt and the cost is basically the same as their old stuff.” Tao said.
So if you are an athlete or simply someone that has to deal with the extremely high temperatures, be patient because your days of feeling hot and bothered may be coming to an end!
23. What is the purpose of the new invention?
A. To cool people off in hot weather. B. To change people’s body temperature.
C. To test the wearers’ temperature. D. To make wearers fashionable.
24. How does the special product work?
A. By sending out absorbed heat.
B. By turning sunlight into energy.
C. By keeping heat out completely.
D. By using light colors to reflect sunlight.
25. What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us?
A. The previous studies lack evidence.
B. The invention needs further testing.
C. The new textile has a good cooling effect.
D. The new textile applies to various situations.
26. What can we learn from the invention of the T-shirt?
A. Barking up the wrong tree. B. Robbing Peter to pay Paul.
C. Killing two birds with one stone. D. Putting the cart before the horse.
【答案】23. A 24. A 25. B 26. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了由新材料制成的T恤，可以幫人迅速降溫。
【23題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Ever imagined that your simple T-shirt could cool you down by up to 5°C on hot summer days? Thanks to a recent discovery, the possibility is getting closer.(你有沒有想過，在炎熱的夏天，一件簡(jiǎn)單的T恤可以讓你涼快5攝氏度？多虧了最近的一項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，這種可能性正在變得越來越近。)”可知，這項(xiàng)新發(fā)明的目的是讓人們?cè)谘谉岬奶鞖饫餂隹煜聛怼９蔬xA。
【24題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“They designed a special textile (紡織品) that can absorb body heat and re-emit (重發(fā)出) its energy into space as mid-infrared radiation. This textile cools both the objects and their surroundings through a technique known as radiative cooling.(他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了一種特殊的紡織品，可以吸收人體熱量，并將其能量以中紅外輻射的形式重新發(fā)射到太空中。這種紡織品通過一種被稱為輻射冷卻的技術(shù)來冷卻物體及其周圍的環(huán)境。)”可知，這種特殊產(chǎn)品是通過散發(fā)吸收的熱量起作用，故選A。
【25題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀第三段及第一句“Research conducted at Stanford University in 2017 had already managed to cool the wearer by 3°C, but this previous trial was limited.(斯坦福大學(xué)2017年進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究已經(jīng)成功將佩戴者的溫度降低了3攝氏度，但此前的試驗(yàn)有局限性。)”可知，第三段主要告訴我們這項(xiàng)發(fā)明需要進(jìn)一步的測(cè)試，故選B。
【26題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中““We can make it with mass production which means everybody can get a T-shirt and the cost is basically the same as their old stuff.” Tao said.(“我們可以大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)，這意味著每個(gè)人都可以得到一件t恤，成本基本上和他們的舊衣服一樣。”Tao說。)”和最后一段中“be patient because your days of feeling hot and bothered may be coming to an end(要有耐心，因?yàn)槟愀杏X炎熱和煩惱的日子可能就要結(jié)束了)”可知，這種新襯衫既可以降溫，又經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)惠，可以說是一石二鳥，故選C。
D
In an amazing paper published last year in Science, a team led by Andreas Nieder of the University of Tubingen in Germany showed that crows — already known to be among the most intelligent of animals — are even more impressive than we knew. In fact, the evidence suggests that they are self-aware and, in an important sense, conscious (有意識(shí)的).
Crows had been observed previously to use tools to solve certain problems. Nieder’s experiment showed that the birds were actively thinking how to solve a particular problem; in effect, they were thinking it over. This ability to consciously view a problem was associated with the cerebral cortex (大腦皮層) in the brains of humans, which birds don’t have.
Other studies support the idea that the bird brain can, in principle, support the development of higher intelligence. It had not been accepted in the past due to the small size of birds’ brains. But recent research has shown that in birds, the neurons ( 神 經(jīng) 元 ) are smaller and more tightly-packed, which makes sense to reduce weight and makes it easier to fly. The total number of brain cell in crows (about 1.5 billion) is about the same as that in some monkey species. But because they are more tightly-packed, the communication between the neurons seems to be better, and the overall intelligence of crows may be closer to that of gorillas (猩猩).
This research has important results for our understanding of the development of higher intelligence. First, a cerebral cortex is not needed, and there are other means to achieve the same result. Second, either the development of consciousness is very old tracing back to the last common ancestor of mammals( 哺乳動(dòng)物 ) and birds about 320 million years ago, or, equally interesting, consciousness happened at least twice later on, independently in mammals and birds. Both choices raise the possibility that higher intelligence on the planet may not necessarily be mammal or human-like, but could very well be birdlike.
27. What did Andreas Nieder’s team find out about crows?
A. They can use tools to solve certain problems.
B. They are more intelligent than other animals.
C. They have left people a very good impression.
D. They are much cleverer than previously thought.
28. What does the underlined “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. The development. B. Higher intelligence.
C. The bird brain. D. The idea.
29. Why do crows have high-level intelligence?
A. They have more tightly-packed brains.
B. They have a small number of brain cells.
C. Their brain neurons could communicate well.
D. Their brain cells are the same with the monkeys.
30. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Higher intelligence on the planet might be different from what we imagine.
B. Cerebral cortexes are necessary for the development of higher intelligence.
C. Higher intelligence has already developed separately in different species.
D. Both mammals and birds got their intelligence from common ancestors.
【答案】27. D 28. D 29. C 30. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。研究表明烏鴉比我們之前認(rèn)為的要聰明的多，并分析了原因。
【27題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的句子“In an amazing paper published last year in Science, a team led by Andreas Nieder of the University of Tubingen in Germany showed that crows — already known to be among the most intelligent of animals — are even more impressive than we knew.(在去年發(fā)表在《科學(xué)》雜志上的一篇驚人的論文中，德國(guó)圖賓根大學(xué)Andreas Nieder領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究小組表明，烏鴉——已經(jīng)被認(rèn)為是最聰明的動(dòng)物之一——甚至比我們所知的還要令人印象深刻)”和第二段的句子“Crows had been observed previously to use tools to solve certain problems. Nieder’s experiment showed that the birds were actively thinking how to solve a particular problem; in effect, they were thinking it over.(烏鴉以前被觀察到使用工具來解決某些問題。Nieder的實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，鳥類在積極思考如何解決一個(gè)特定的問題；實(shí)際上，它們正在仔細(xì)思考)”可知，Nieder的研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)烏鴉比我們之前想象的聰明得多。故選D項(xiàng)。
【28題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞前的句子“Other studies support the idea that the bird brain can, inprinciple, support the development of higher intelligence.(其他研究也支持這一觀點(diǎn)，即鳥類的大腦原則上可以支持更高智力的發(fā)展)”可知，其他研究也支持這樣一種觀點(diǎn)，即鳥類的大腦原則上可以支持更高智力的發(fā)展。此處承接上文，說的是在過去，由于鳥類的大腦體積較小，這一觀點(diǎn)一直不被接受，由此可知，It指代的就是前文提到的“鳥類的大腦原則上可以支持更高智力的發(fā)展”這一觀點(diǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)。
【29題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的句子“But because they are more tightly-packed, the communication between the neurons seems to be better, and the overall intelligence of crows may be closer to that of gorillas.(但由于它們的排列更緊密，神經(jīng)元之間的交流似乎更好，烏鴉的整體智力可能接近大猩猩)”可知，烏鴉的智力很高是因?yàn)樗鼈兊拇竽X神經(jīng)元之間能夠很好地交流。故選C項(xiàng)。
【30題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的句子“Both choices raise the possibility that higher intelligence on the planet may not necessarily be mammal or human-like, but could very well be birdlike.(這兩種選擇都提出了一種可能性，即地球上的高智能生物不一定是哺乳動(dòng)物或類人的，而很可能是類鳥的)”可知，地球上的高智商生物可能與我們想象的不同。故選A項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)(共 5 小題;每小題 2.5 分，滿分 12.5 分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Rollerblading
Rollerblading is an excellent sport that just about anyone can enjoy. Experience and types of skating range in difficulty from simple fun skating to a much more aggressive style of skating.
After you have mastered the basics of rollerblading, you can begin to master the sport. ____31____ However, some athletes prefer to perfect their sport and compete in their chosen sport.
The sport of rollerblading has many variations and styles that allow competition. ____32____ Also known as urban skating, free skating is set in an urban setting and participants must travel through streets and travel around any obstacles as fast as possible in order to reach the finish. ____33____ Jumps, slides and grinds are basic tricks freestyle skaters often use.
____34____ It is specially enjoyed by skaters who prefer performing tricks and challenging movements. Aggressive skating can be performed in an urban setting, like free skating, and this style is often called street skating. Aggressive skaters can also be found at skateparks performing tricks on the obstacles created specifically to cater to tricks.
Street skaters use any type of urban obstacle to perform amazing tricks ranging from jumps and slides to grinds and airs. Competitions in aggressive skating require contestants to perform increasingly difficult and dangerous tricks in order to outmatch their competitors. ____35____
A. Each style requires different equipment.
B. Many freestyle skaters can also race on ice.
C. Aggressive skating is another popular form of the sport.
D. Free skating is a type about finishing as fast as possible.
E. So aggressive skating is an entertaining sports to watch.
F. Many people enjoy rollerblading for the simple pleasure of exercise.
G. In addition to emphasizing speed, free skating often includes different tricks.
【答案】31. F 32. D 33. G 34. C 35. E
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了有關(guān)輪滑的知識(shí)。
【31題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“However, some athletes prefer to perfect their sport and compete in their chosen sport.(然而，一些運(yùn)動(dòng)員更喜歡完善他們的運(yùn)動(dòng)，并在他們選擇的運(yùn)動(dòng)中競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。)”可知，此處和空格處是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Many people enjoy rollerblading for the simple pleasure of exercise.(許多人喜歡輪滑僅僅是為了運(yùn)動(dòng)的樂趣)”與下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，符合語境。 故選F。
【32題詳解】
下文“Also known as urban skating, free skating is set in an urban setting and participants must travel through streets and travel around any obstacles as fast as possible in order to reach the finish.(自由式輪滑也被稱為城市輪滑，它在城市環(huán)境中進(jìn)行，參賽者必須以盡可能快的速度穿過街道，繞過任何障礙，以達(dá)到終點(diǎn)。)”介紹了自由式輪滑的主要特點(diǎn)是速度快，D選項(xiàng)“Free skating is a type about finishing as fast as possible.(自由式輪滑是一種從開始到結(jié)束都盡可能快的運(yùn)動(dòng)。)”符合語境，引起下文。故選D。
【33題詳解】
上文“travel around any obstacles as fast as possible in order to reach the finish(為了到達(dá)終點(diǎn)，盡可能快地繞過任何障礙)”強(qiáng)調(diào)了速度；下文“Jumps, slides and grinds are basic tricks freestyle skaters often use.(跳躍，滑行和磨擦是自由式輪滑運(yùn)動(dòng)員經(jīng)常使用的基本技巧。)”提到一些技巧，所以G選項(xiàng)“In addition to emphasizing speed, free skating often includes different tricks.(除了強(qiáng)調(diào)速度外，自由式輪滑通常還包括不同的技巧。)”承接上文和引起下文，符合語境。故選G。
【34題詳解】
下文“Aggressive skating can be performed in an urban setting, like free skating, and this style is often called street skating.(攻擊性輪滑可以在城市環(huán)境中進(jìn)行，就像自由式輪滑，這種風(fēng)格通常被稱為街頭輪滑。)”介紹了攻擊性輪滑的有關(guān)知識(shí)。空格處位于句首，應(yīng)該是本段的主題句，C選項(xiàng)“Aggressive skating is another popular form of the sport.(攻擊性輪滑是另一種受歡迎的運(yùn)動(dòng)形式。)”能概括本段內(nèi)容，可作為主題句。故選C。
【35題詳解】
上文“Competitions in aggressive skating require contestants to perform increasingly difficult and dangerous tricks in order to outmatch their competitors.(攻擊性輪滑比賽要求選手表演越來越困難和危險(xiǎn)的花樣，以超過他們的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手。)”介紹了攻擊性輪滑的技巧和難度，由此推知，它極具觀賞性。E選項(xiàng)“So aggressive skating is an entertaining sports to watch.(所以攻擊性輪滑是最具觀賞性的運(yùn)動(dòng)之一。)”與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，符合語境。故選E。
第四部分 語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分 40 分)
第一節(jié) 完形填空(共 15 小題;每小題 1 分，滿分 15 分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的 A、B、C 和 D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
A man walked into a small Irish pub and ordered three beers. Bartender(酒吧侍應(yīng)生) was surprised, but he____36____ that man three beers. The very next day that man ordered three beers again and drank quietly at a table. This repeated several times and____37____ people of the town knew the three beer man.
A couple of____38____ later, the bartender decided to clear this out and inquired: “Sir, could you____39____ why you order three beers all the time?” The man replied: “It seems____40____, isn’t it? You see, my two brothers live abroad at the moment, one — in France and another — in Italy. We have made a/an____41____, that every time we go to pub each of us will order____42____ two beers and it will help keeping up the family bond.”
Soon all the town have heard about the man’s____43____. Residents of the town were telling this to newcomers and even invited them to that pub to look at Three Beer Man.
____44____, one day the man came to pub and ordered only two beers, not three as usual. The bartender served him with____45____ feeling. The very next day all the town was talking about the news, and some people prayed for the ____46____ of one of the brothers.
When the man came to pub the next time and ordered two beers again, the bartender asked him: “I would like to offer____47____ to you, due to the death of your dear brother.” The man considered this for a moment: “Oh, you are probably____48____ that I order only two beers now?
Well, my two brothers are alive and well. It’s just because of my____49____. I promised myself to____50____ drinking.”
36. A. bought B. awarded C. served D. passed
37. A. shortly B. lately C. firstly D. usually
38. A. years B. months C. weeks D. hours
39. A. announce B. explain C. discuss D. find
40. A. strange B. attractive C. practical D. useless
41. A. adventure B. agreement C. contribution D. speech
42. A. extra B. unusual C. familiar D. various
43. A. joke B. story C. experience D. game
44. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. Instead D. However
45. A. bad B. good C. interesting D. dull
46. A. failure B. bravery C. absence D. loss
47. A. appreciation B. comfort C. respect D. inspiration
48. A. disappointed B. relieved C. delighted D. surprised
49. A. fault B. trouble C. decision D. dream
50. A. give off B. give up C. pick up D. pick out
【答案】36. C 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. A 41. B 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. D 47. B 48. D 49. C 50. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講了一個(gè)男人每次都去小酒吧點(diǎn)三杯啤酒，這種情形重復(fù)了好幾次，人們終于搞清楚了，他和另外兩個(gè)兄弟已經(jīng)達(dá)成協(xié)議，每次他們?nèi)ゾ瓢?，每個(gè)人都會(huì)另外買兩瓶啤酒，這將有助于保持家庭紐帶，很快這個(gè)男人成了當(dāng)?shù)氐拿?，然而有一天這個(gè)人來到酒吧，只點(diǎn)了兩瓶啤酒，老板以為他兄弟死了，后來得知原來是他要戒酒。
【36題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：酒保很驚訝，但還是給了那個(gè)人三杯啤酒。A. bought購(gòu)買；B. awarded獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；C. served端上；D. passed走過。根據(jù)前文“A man walked into a small Irish pub and ordered three beers.”可知一個(gè)人點(diǎn)了三杯啤酒，所以酒吧侍應(yīng)生端上了三杯啤酒。故選C項(xiàng)。
【37題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這樣重復(fù)了幾次，不久鎮(zhèn)上的人都認(rèn)識(shí)了這三個(gè)賣啤酒的人。A. shortly不久；B. lately最近；C. firstly首先；D. usually通常。根據(jù)前文“This repeated several times”以及后文“the town knew the three beer man”可知，這樣重復(fù)了幾次后，很快鎮(zhèn)上的人就認(rèn)識(shí)了這個(gè)人。故選A項(xiàng)。
【38題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾個(gè)星期后，酒保決定把這些清理掉，問道:“先生，你能解釋一下為什么你總是點(diǎn)三瓶啤酒嗎?”。A. years年；B. months月；C. weeks；D. hours小時(shí)。根據(jù)酒保忍不住問可以推測(cè)不可能太久和上文“This repeated several times”有重復(fù)了幾次可知也不能是幾小時(shí)，所以幾個(gè)星期符合使勁。故選C項(xiàng)。
【39題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幾個(gè)星期后，酒保決定把這件事搞清楚，問道:“先生，你能解釋一下為什么你總是點(diǎn)三瓶啤酒嗎?”。A. announce宣布；B. explain解釋；C. discuss討論；D. find發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)后文“The man replied: “It seems　　5　　, isn’t it? You see, my two brothers live abroad at the moment, one — in France and another — in Italy”可知，這個(gè)人是在解釋為什么每次點(diǎn)三杯啤酒，所以酒保是在尋求解釋。故選B項(xiàng)。
【40題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：看起來很奇怪，不是嗎?A. strange奇怪的；B. attractive有吸引力的；C. practical實(shí)際的；D. useless無用的。根據(jù)前文“Sir, could you　　4　　why you order three beers all the time?”可知，每次都點(diǎn)三杯啤酒讓人感覺很奇怪。故選A項(xiàng)。
【41題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們有個(gè)約定，每次去酒吧，每個(gè)人都要多點(diǎn)兩杯啤酒，這樣有助于保持家庭關(guān)系。A. adventure冒險(xiǎn)；B. agreement協(xié)定；C. contribution貢獻(xiàn)；D. speech演講。根據(jù)后文“that every time we go to pub each of us will order　 7　　two beers”可知，每次去酒吧，每個(gè)人都要多點(diǎn)兩杯啤酒，這是一個(gè)協(xié)定。故選B項(xiàng)。
【42題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們有個(gè)約定，每次去酒吧，每個(gè)人都要多點(diǎn)兩杯啤酒，這樣有助于保持家庭關(guān)系。A. extra額外的；B. unusual特別的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. various各種各樣的。根據(jù)前文“why you order three beers all the time？”可知，男人每次都點(diǎn)三杯啤酒，所以此處是額外的兩杯啤酒。故選A項(xiàng)。
【43題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：很快鎮(zhèn)上所有的人都聽說了這個(gè)人的故事。A. joke笑話；B. story故事；C. experience經(jīng)歷；D. game游戲。根據(jù)后文“Residents of the town were telling this to newcomers and even invited them to that pub to look at Three Beer Man.”可知，鎮(zhèn)上的居民把這個(gè)故事告訴新來的人。故選B項(xiàng)。
【44題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，有一天，這個(gè)人來到酒吧，只點(diǎn)了兩瓶啤酒，而不是往常的三瓶。A. Otherwise否則；B. Therefore因此；C. Instead相反；D. However然而。根據(jù)后文“one day the man came to pub and ordered only two beers”可知，前文說這個(gè)男人一直是點(diǎn)三杯啤酒，此處變兩杯，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)。
【45題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：酒保招待他時(shí)心情很不好。A. bad壞的；B. good好的；C. interesting有趣的；D. dull遲鈍的。根據(jù)后文“I would like to offer　 12　　to you, due to the death of your dear brother.”可知，是酒保認(rèn)為他有個(gè)兄弟去世了，所以是壞的心情。故選A項(xiàng)。
【46題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天，全鎮(zhèn)的人都在談?wù)撨@個(gè)消息，有些人為去世的那一個(gè)兄弟祈禱。A. failure失敗；B. bravery勇氣；C. absence缺席；D. loss去世。根據(jù)后文“I would like to offer　 12　　to you, due to the death of your dear brother.”可知，鎮(zhèn)上的人認(rèn)為這個(gè)男人的一個(gè)兄弟去世了，所以是為去世的那一個(gè)兄弟祈禱。故選D項(xiàng)。
【47題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)這個(gè)人再次來到酒吧，又點(diǎn)了兩杯啤酒時(shí)，酒保問他:“我想安慰一下你，因?yàn)槟阌H愛的兄弟死了?！?。A. appreciation欣賞；B. comfort安慰；C. respect尊敬；D. inspiration靈感。根據(jù)后文“due to the death of your dear brother”可知，酒保認(rèn)為這個(gè)男人的一個(gè)兄弟去世了，所以想給他一些安慰。故選B項(xiàng)。
【48題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：男人想了一會(huì)兒:“哦，你可能很驚訝我現(xiàn)在只點(diǎn)了兩瓶啤酒?”。A. disappointed失望的；B. relieved釋然的；C. delighted高興的；D. surprised驚訝。根據(jù)后文“I order only two beers now”可知，這個(gè)男人之前一直是點(diǎn)三杯啤酒，現(xiàn)在地兩杯，讓酒保感到驚訝。故選D項(xiàng)。
【49題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這只是因?yàn)槲业臎Q定。A. fault過錯(cuò)；B. trouble麻煩；C. decision決定；D. dream夢(mèng)想。根據(jù)后文“I promised myself to　　15　　drinking.”可知，這個(gè)男人決定戒酒了，所以此處指因?yàn)樗臎Q定。故選C項(xiàng)。
【50題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我向自己保證要戒酒。A. give off釋放；B. give up放棄；C. pick up拾起；D. pick out辨認(rèn)出。根據(jù)前文說這個(gè)男人一直是點(diǎn)三杯啤酒，現(xiàn)在變成了兩杯，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，以及前文“It’s just because of my　 14　　”他做了決定，可知是戒酒。故選B項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié) 單詞拼寫(共 10 小題;每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分)
根據(jù)首字母或漢語提示，用 welcome unit—unit 3 所學(xué)單詞的正確形式填空。一空一詞。請(qǐng)將完整的單詞寫在答題卡上。
51. A number of the teenagers are so a ________ to online games that they gradually confuse reality and fantasy.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)
【答案】addicted##ddicted
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：許多青少年沉迷于網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲，他們逐漸混淆了現(xiàn)實(shí)和幻想。空格處用形容詞作表語，由“they gradually confuse reality and fantasy”可知，此處表示“許多青少年沉迷于網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲”，空格處意為“沉迷的，上癮的”，由首字母提示a可知，形容詞是addicted。故填addicted。
52. We’ll e_____ gifts with the American students at the party. Please prepare your gifts in advance. （根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）
【答案】exchange
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：我們將在晚會(huì)上與美國(guó)學(xué)生交換禮物。請(qǐng)?zhí)崆皽?zhǔn)備好禮物。根據(jù)空格前的We’ll以及句意可知，此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形exchange，作謂語。故填exchange。
53. He has attempted to find a peaceful________ (解決辦法) to the conflict.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】solution
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：他試圖找到和平解決沖突的辦法?！敖鉀Q辦法”是solution，空前有a，空格處用單數(shù)，故填solution。
54. O________ (顯然), opportunities always fall on those who are confident.(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)
【答案】Obviously##bviously
【解析】
【詳解】考查副詞。句意：顯然，機(jī)會(huì)總是落在自信的人身上。空格處用副詞作狀語，修飾整個(gè)句子，由首字母提示O可知，“顯然”的副詞是obviously，位于句首，首字母大寫，故填Obviously。
55. To make members of the team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their s________ and weaknesses. （根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）
【答案】strengths##trengths
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：為了讓團(tuán)隊(duì)成員表現(xiàn)得更好，教練首先必須知道他們的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及句意“優(yōu)點(diǎn)”，可知應(yīng)填名詞strength，表示“優(yōu)點(diǎn)”為可數(shù)名詞，結(jié)合后文 and weaknesses應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填strengths。
56. The fridge now presents a cleaner image after I have emptied all the ____(內(nèi)容物) in it.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）
【答案】contents
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：我把冰箱里所有的東西都倒空后，冰箱看起來更干凈了。此處用名詞作動(dòng)詞emptied的賓語，可數(shù)名詞content（內(nèi)容物）由all修飾，用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填contents。
57. It is important to _____(識(shí)別) what kind of person you are and what special qualities make you different. （根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）
【答案】recognize
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：認(rèn)識(shí)到你是一個(gè)什么樣的人以及什么樣的特質(zhì)使你與眾不同是很重要的。固定句型"It is + adj. + to do sth."，It形式主語，動(dòng)詞不定式（to do）是真正主語，此處用動(dòng)詞原形形式，及物動(dòng)詞recognize符合句意。故填recognize。
58. The children________ (假裝) to be different animals dancing to the music. (根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】pretended
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：孩子們假裝成不同的動(dòng)物隨著音樂跳舞。根據(jù)句意和漢語提示分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞作謂語，且意義為“假裝”，所以應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞pretend；根據(jù)句意，“孩子們假裝成不同的動(dòng)物”的事肯定已經(jīng)發(fā)生了，所以應(yīng)該用一般過去時(shí)。故填pretended。
59. The job is _____(挑戰(zhàn)) to me because I have little experience. However, it is also rewarding. （根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）
【答案】challenging
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這份工作對(duì)我來說很有挑戰(zhàn)性，因?yàn)槲規(guī)缀鯖]有什么經(jīng)驗(yàn)，但是，它也是值得的。根據(jù)漢語提示以及空格前的系動(dòng)詞is可知，此處應(yīng)填形容詞challenging，作表語。故填challenging。
60. The athlete left a deep i________ on me because of his excellent performance in the competition. (根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)
【答案】impression##mpression
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：這位運(yùn)動(dòng)員在比賽中的出色表現(xiàn)給我留下了深刻的印象。根據(jù)句意和所給首字母i以及句中動(dòng)詞left和空格后的介詞on可知，空格處應(yīng)該填入名詞impression構(gòu)成短語leave a deep impression on somebody（給某人留下深刻印象）。故填impression。
第三節(jié) 語法填空(共 10 小題，滿分 15 分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1 個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
I share a fridge with my colleagues in the office, ____61____ which there is a Brita water filter pitcher (凈水罐子). One of my____62____ (co-worker) complained the water tasted “dirty”. It went on for a few days, and she was____63____ (astonish) that I could drink the water without any trouble.
Finally, she____64____ (figure) out that the problem was actually her cup. She simply forgot ____65____ (clean) it, which affected the water inside it. She cleaned her cup, ____66____ drank the water without a problem.
I can’t help but think about the world we live in. Too often we quickly blame other people, other things, anything else but ourselves. The world isn’t perfect, I know, but I think we should take____67____ step back sometimes and ask ourselves some tough questions.
Can I be better? Is my heart____68____ (real) pure? Can I improve this situation with____69____ (kind)?
I want to tell you this: please clean your cup, because when you do, the water will taste much ____70____ (good). I promise you this.
【答案】61. in 62. co-workers
63. astonished
64. figured
65. to clean
66. and 67. a
68. really 69. kindness
70. better
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者通過講述自己的一個(gè)同事的經(jīng)歷來告訴我們請(qǐng)洗干凈自己的杯子，再抱怨生活，因?yàn)橹挥心惆驯酉锤蓛袅?，里面的水味道才?huì)更好。
【61題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：我和辦公室的同事共用一個(gè)冰箱，冰箱里有一個(gè)Brita濾水罐?？崭裉幨恰敖樵~+which”引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是fridge，“在冰箱里”要用介詞in，故填in。
【62題詳解】
考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：我的一個(gè)同事抱怨水嘗起來很“臟”。one of后跟名詞的復(fù)數(shù)co-workers，故填co-workers。
63題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：這種情況持續(xù)了幾天，她很驚訝我喝的水沒有任何問題?？崭裉幱眯稳菰~作表語，修飾主語she用ed結(jié)尾的形容詞astonished，表示人的感覺，astonished意為“驚訝的”，故填astonished。
【64題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：最后，她發(fā)現(xiàn)問題其實(shí)出在她的杯子上。空格處是謂語，句子描述過去的事情，時(shí)態(tài)用一般過去時(shí)，空格處用過去式figured，故填figured。
【65題詳解】
考查不定式。句意：她只是忘記清洗，這影響了里面的水。forget to do意為“忘記要做某事”，因此空格處用不定式to clean，故填to clean。
【66題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：她洗干凈杯子，毫無問題地喝了水。cleaned her cup和drank the water without a problem是順承關(guān)系，空格處用and表順承，故填and。
【67題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：這個(gè)世界并不完美，我知道，但我認(rèn)為有時(shí)我們應(yīng)該退一步，問問自己一些棘手的問題。take a step back是固定短語，意為“退后一步”，故填a。
【68題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：我的心真的純潔嗎？空格處用副詞really修飾形容詞pure，故填really。
【69題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：我可以用善意來改善這種情況嗎？空格處用名詞作賓語，kind的名詞是kindness，是不可數(shù)名詞，意為“善意”，故填kindness。
【70題詳解】
考查比較級(jí)。句意：我想告訴你：請(qǐng)清洗你的杯子，因?yàn)楫?dāng)你這樣做，水的味道會(huì)更好。much修飾比較級(jí)，good的比較級(jí)是better，故填better。
第五部分 書面表達(dá)(滿分 15 分)
71. 假定你是學(xué)生李華，你美國(guó)網(wǎng)友Paul計(jì)劃來中國(guó)旅游，想先學(xué)習(xí)一些中文，卻不知道如何入門，現(xiàn)請(qǐng)你給他一些學(xué)習(xí)建議。主要內(nèi)容如下：
1. 你的學(xué)習(xí)建議；
2. 對(duì)結(jié)果的展望。
注意：
1. 詞數(shù) 80 左右；
2. 信的開頭結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Paul,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Paul,
Glad to hear that you are going to take a trip to China this August. Welcome!
As I know, you are always interested in Chinese culture and want to learn some Chinese. Therefore, I suggest that you choose Chinese daily dialogues as a start, like greeting people, asking for directions and bargaining for souvenirs, which can help you a lot during your trip. Apparently, learning a foreign language needs great efforts. I’d like to be your teacher and I’ll send you an e-book with my teaching schedule later. Besides, let’s have an online class over the Internet every weekend, through which I will try my best to make your learning easier and surely you can speak some fluent Chinese before your arrival.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文，要求考生給美國(guó)網(wǎng)友Paul寫封信，給他一些學(xué)習(xí)中文的建議。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
高興的：glad→delighted
因此：therefore→hence
建議：suggest→advise
另外：besides→moreover
2.句式拓展
簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句
原句：Apparently, learning a foreign language needs great efforts.
拓展句：Apparently, if you want to learn a foreign language, you need to make great efforts.
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1] Therefore, I suggest that you choose Chinese daily dialogues as a start, like greeting people, asking for directions and bargaining for souvenirs, which can help you a lot during your trip. (運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句)
[高分句型2] Besides, let’s have an online class over the internet every weekend, through which I will try my best to make your learning easier and surely you can speak some fluent Chinese before your arrival. (運(yùn)用了“介詞+which”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句)

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