【期中真題】北京師范大學(xué)附屬實驗中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題.zip

這是一份【期中真題】北京師范大學(xué)附屬實驗中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題.zip，文件包含期中真題北京師范大學(xué)附屬實驗中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題原卷版docx、期中真題北京師范大學(xué)附屬實驗中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題解析版docx等2份試卷配套教學(xué)資源，其中試卷共42頁， 歡迎下載使用。
?2021北京北師大實驗中學(xué)高二(上)期中
英 語
第一部分 聽力(共三節(jié)，共30分)
第一節(jié)(共5個小題;每小題1.5分，共7.5分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，聽完每段對話后，你將有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話你將聽一遍。
1.What is Jason doing?
A. Watching TV. B. Playing a song. C. Reading a newspaper
2. When did the man get a driver’s license?
A. At age 18. B. At age 20. C. At age 22.
3.What is the man’s first language?
A. French. B. German. C. English.
4. What does the woman ask the boy to do ?
A. Clean his room. B. Wash the dishes. C. Take out the trash.
5.Where does the conversation take place?
A. At home. B. In an office. C. In a restaurant.
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)
聽下面4段對話。每段對話后有幾道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀每小題。聽完后，每小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話你將聽兩遍。
聽下面一段對話，回答第6至7兩道小題。
6. How many daily things did the woman do yesterday?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
7.Where does the man need to go today?
A. To the post office. B. To the bank. C. To the supermarket.
聽下面一段對話，回答第8至9兩道小題。
8. What do we know about the man’s wife?
A. She is easy to shop for.
B. She only likes certain things.
C. She doesn’t like something blue.
9.What did the man buy?
A. A pair of gloves. B. A sweater. C. A scarf.
聽下面一段對話，回答第10至12三道小題。
10. What can we know about Mark’s father?
A. He often forgets about things.
B. He likes to keep secrets.
C. He doesn’t like to talk.
11.Where will Alice be going first after work tomorrow?
A. To her parents’. B. To her own house. C. To her daughter’s kindergarten.
12.Who might Sam be?
A. Mark’s co-worker. B. Alice’s husband. C. Daisy’s friend.
聽下面一段對話，回答第13至15三道小題。
13. Why is the man reading a book about computer programming?
A. It’s out of his own interest.
B. It’s required by his teacher.
C. It’s recommended by his friend.
14.Which major is the man studying at school?
A. Psychology. B. Computer. C. Math.
15.What kind of novel does the man want to read?
A. Science fiction. B. Romance novels. C. Detective novels.
第三節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，共7.5分)
聽下面一段獨白，完成第16至第20五道小題，每小題僅填寫一個詞。聽獨白前，你將有20秒鐘的時間閱讀試題，聽完后你將有90秒鐘的作答時間。這段獨白你將聽兩遍。
Cultural Traditions in the United Kingdom
Introduction
The United Kingdom has a lot of cultural traditions.
Some are old, probably dating back (16)________of years, while others are new --maybe just a few decades old.
Almost every (17)________has its own traditions.
One of the oldest traditions
Little girls dance around a tall piece of wood, holding long pieces of cloth which are tied to it. This happens in the month of (18)________and some people think it is done to encourage better harvest.
A new tradition
Perhaps only about fifty years old, it is a competition where people throw a boot backwards over their shoulder. This happens in (19)________, usually at pubs, and is done just for fun.
The person who throws the boot the farthest is the winner.
Conclusion
From north to south, the UK’s traditions are evidence of (20)________stages in the country’s long history.

第二部分 完形填空。(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。
Misty didn’t always feel so confident in herself. The challenges she has faced over almost 20 years of dancing have made her strong.
At the young age, Misty was a shy child and____1____the spotlight(聚光燈).But she loved music and movement. When she was 13, her coach suggested that she attend a free ballet class at the Boys &Girls club. At first, Misty was afraid to join in and felt out of place in the class.____2____, she discovered that her body--especially her long legs and flexible muscles--was just right for ballet, which____3____her up. However, at the age of 19, she suddenly gain____4____ “My body changed completely over the course of several months,” she says. Misty had always been long and slim, which was considered “perfect” for a ballet dancer’s body. But now, she says, “I was being told that my proportions(比例) just weren’t right any more.” Additionally, Misty was the____5____African American in a company of 80 dancers. So she sometimes felt as if she didn’t fit in. Misty says this time was “one of the____6____moments of my life.” Even though Misty felt discouraged, she didn’t break____7____. She talked with others who had struggled with similar problems. With the support of these friends, things slowly____8____.
Today, Misty says, “I’ve learned to embrace my appearance, skin color, and figure.” She wants to help other dancers____9____themselves, too. In her own book, Firebird, Misty tells readers to go after their dreams: “No matter what that dream is,” she writes, “ you have the power to make it come true with hard work and_____10_____.”
1. A. liked B. ignored C. needed D. avoided
2. A. By this means B. With courage C. Over time D. At her age
3. A. cheered B. made C. brought D. picked
4. A. strength B. confidence C. weight D. knowledge
5. A. first B. only C. special D. poorest
6. A. happiest B. best C. toughest D. scariest
7. A. down B. up C. away D. out
8. A. happened B. turned C. worsened D. improved
9. A. change B. like C. accept D. believe
10. A. devotion B. fortune C. experience D. patience
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇是一篇記敘文。文章講述了黑人女孩Misty在追夢路上，不斷克服自我與外界帶來的困擾與質(zhì)疑，成功成為一名優(yōu)秀的芭蕾舞者，并鼓勵遇到類似問題的人的故事。
【1題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：小的時候，Misty是一個害羞的孩子，總是避免處于聚光燈下。A. liked喜歡；B. ignored忽視；C. needed需要；D. avoided避免。根據(jù)“Misty was a shy child”可知，Misty是個害羞的女孩，因此，她總是避免處于聚光燈下。故選D。
【2題詳解】
考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：隨著時間的推移，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的身體——尤其是她的長腿和柔韌的肌肉——正適合跳芭蕾，這讓她振奮起來。A. By this means用這種方法；B. With courage勇敢地；C. Over time隨著時間的過去；D. At her age以她年紀(jì)。根據(jù)后文“she discovered that her body--especially her long legs and flexible muscles”提到Misty 隨著時間的流逝發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己身體的優(yōu)勢，over time符合語境。故選C。
【3題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著時間的推移，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的身體——尤其是她的長腿和柔韌的肌肉——正適合跳芭蕾，這讓她振奮起來。A. cheered高興；B. made制作；C. brought帶來；D. picked挑選。根據(jù)前文“At first, Misty was afraid to join in and felt out of place in the class.”可知，Misty對自己一直不自信，但是她的身形能夠讓她成為優(yōu)秀的芭蕾舞者這一點，卻鼓舞了，使她振作/自信起來。cheer sb. up, 意為“（使）振作起來”，故選A。
【4題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，在19歲的時候，她突然變胖了。A. strength力量；B. confidence自信；C. weight重量；D.knowledge知識。根據(jù)后文““My body changed completely over the course of several months,” she says. Misty had always been long and slim, which was considered “perfect” for a ballet dancer’s body.”可知，在Misty在19歲時，體重增加。故選C。
【5題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，Misty是80人舞蹈團中唯一的非洲裔美國人。A. first第一；B. only唯一的；C. special特別的；D. poorest最窮的?！皁nly”一詞體現(xiàn)出Misty作為唯一的非裔美國人，在所有舞者當(dāng)中的格格不入。其他選項不能表達(dá)此義。故選B。
【6題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Misty說，這是“我一生中最艱難的時刻之一?！盇. happiest最快樂的；B. best最好的；C. toughest最難的；D. scariest最嚇人的。根據(jù)前文“However, at the age of 19, she suddenly gain____4____”和“African American”可知，因為身材走樣以及膚色問題，這段時間是Misty人生當(dāng)中最艱難的時刻之一。故選C。
【7題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管Misty感到氣餒，但她并沒有崩潰。A. down向下；B. up向上；C. away遠(yuǎn)離；D. out在外。break down出故障；崩潰。根據(jù)“Even though Misty felt discouraged,”可知，盡管Misty灰心喪氣，她仍舊沒有崩潰。故選A。
【8題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在這些朋友的支持下，情況慢慢好轉(zhuǎn)。A. happened發(fā)生；B. turned轉(zhuǎn)動；C. worsened惡化；D. improved改善。根據(jù)上文“With the support of these friends,”可知，Misty在這些朋友的幫助下，情況慢慢有所改善。故選D。
【9題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她也想幫助其他舞者接受自己。A. change改變；B. like喜歡；C. accept接受；D. believe相信。根據(jù)上文“accept my appearance, skin color, and figure”原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，Misty學(xué)會接受自己的外貌、膚色以及身材，她也想幫助其他的舞者接受她們自己。故選C。
【10題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Misty在自己的書《火鳥》中告訴讀者要追逐自己的夢想：“不管夢想是什么，”她寫道，“只要努力工作和奉獻(xiàn)，你就有能力實現(xiàn)它。”A. devotion奉獻(xiàn)；B. fortune運氣；C. experience經(jīng)歷；D. patience耐心。根據(jù)“with hard work and”可知，本句主題升華，即“通過努力和奉獻(xiàn)，你最終有能力實現(xiàn)夢想?！惫蔬xA。
第三部分 閱讀理解。(共三節(jié)，共50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，共30分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
FOR RENT
Large sunny office in convenient downtown location, near two bus routes, ample parking at the back. 900 sq. feet divided into two private offices and comfortable reception area, small kitchen, one bathroom. Modern 10-story building with two elevators. ＄1, 750/month. First month’s rent and security deposit equal to one month’s rent required to move in. To see, call City Office Rentals at 382-0838 between 8:30 and 4:30, Tues.-Sat.
To: Marilyn Sawyer
From: Paul Lebowski
Sent: Tuesday, October 3
Subject: Office rental
Marilyn,
Here’s a link to an office rental ad I found online: www.offices.com/10-01. I think it’s worth looking at even though the rent is a bit high. I know it is a good deal more than we are paying now, but look at the size. It’s twice as big as our current office, and I’m sure we can use the space.
And it has a kitchen, a bathroom and a reception area just like we have now. Unfortunately, it is nowhere near a subway station. That is a convenience I would miss having, but it does have parking, unlike our current office. I’m sure our clients would appreciate that. It would also be good to be in a building with an elevator. I’m really tired of using the stairs. I’d like to see the space as soon as possible. Could you call and make an appointment? Try and get one for tomorrow if you can, because after that I’ll be away until next Monday, as you know. Thanks.
Paul

11. How big is Marilyn and Paul’s current office?
A. 450 square feet. B. 750 square feet.
C. 900 square feet. D. 1,750 square feet.
12. What is true of Marilyn and Paul’s current office?
A. It is near the subway.
B. It is in a 10-story building.
C. It is in a building with an elevator.
D. It cost more than the advertised office.
13. When does Paul want to see the office?
A. Monday B. Tuesday C. Wednesday D. Thursday
【答案】11. A 12. A 13. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。Paul在網(wǎng)上看到出租廣告，發(fā)郵件給Marilyn，希望她能租下這間辦公室。
【11題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個表格中的“900 sq. feet divided into two private offices and comfortable reception area, small kitchen, one bathroom.(900平方英尺分為兩個私人辦公室和舒適的接待區(qū)，小廚房，一間浴室)”以及第二個表格中的第一段“It’s twice as big as our current office, and I’m sure we can use the space.(它是我們現(xiàn)在辦公室的兩倍大，我相信我們可以利用這個空間)”可知，出租的辦公室比 Marilyn和Paul現(xiàn)在的辦公室大兩倍，所以他們現(xiàn)在辦公室是900÷2=450平方米。故選A項。
【12題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二個表格中的第二段“Unfortunately, it is nowhere near a subway station. That is a convenience I would miss having, but it does have parking, unlike our current office.(不幸的是，它離地鐵站很遠(yuǎn)。這是我會懷念的便利，但它確實有停車場，不像我們現(xiàn)在的辦公室)”可推知，他們現(xiàn)在的辦公室離地鐵站很近。故選A項。
【13題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個表格中的第二段“Try and get one for tomorrow if you can, because after that I’ll be away until next Monday, as you know.(如果可以的話，試著明天訂一間，因為你知道，那之后我要到下周一才回來)”以及“Sent: Tuesday, October 3(發(fā)送日期:10月3日，星期二)”可知，保羅想星期三去看這間辦公室。故選C項。
B
Every four years we get to see the best competing to win the Olympic medals. But sometimes the best inspiration comes from those who don’t win-- or even someone who came in dead last.
In 1988, Michael “The Eagle” Edwards became the first competitor since 1928 to represent Great Britain in Olympic ski jumping. How did Eddie do? He came in No. 58 out of 58. But it didn’t matter. His fans loved him for other reasons. He had no trainer, no money, no practice facilities--and some called him the great British loser. Eddie says, “I got my letter saying, ‘Congratulations, you can represent Great Britain in the Olympic Games’ when I was in a mental hospital in Finland. I wasn’t a patient. I was there because it was the cheapest place for me to stay.” On getting ready to do his jump, Eddie says, “There were about 85 or 90 thousand people in the ski jump area, and I thought ‘this is going to be really good, I’m really going to go for this,’ The Germans and the Swiss and the Italians were going down jumping, but the crowd were ignoring them and chanting, ‘Eddie! Eddie!’”
“And I got out and sat on the bar and they started cheering and cheering and it was great!”
“When you sit at the top of the ski jump, you look down, and you’re probably about 500 or 600 feet up from where you’re actually going to finish. You can see a million and one different reasons why you shouldn’t really go down. So you do have to be not a little crazy, but probably a lot.”
“You’re travelling at 65 or 75 miles per hour. Within about a second you’ll be 250 feet up from where you’re going to be landing. And you just try to relax and let your skis carry you to the bottom of the hill.”
“It’s the most exciting feeling in the world.”
Eddie’s British record jump of 71 meters landed him in 58th place--out of 58 competitors, 19 meters behind the jumper who was placed 57th. And if you ask anyone in Great Britain, “Who won the Olympic ski jump in 1988?” Almost no one could tell you. But if you ask, “Who is Eddie ‘The Eagle’ Edwards?” They’ll tell you all about the crazy ski jump guy who they still remember and love to this day. The British people were so proud of him for just trying, that winning didn’t matter a bit. He dares to go where most of us won’t. Yes, he came in dead last, but he will be forever and fondly remembered by his country for doing what no one else had done in 60 years.
So what daring thing are you afraid to do? Take Eddie’s example and just go for it.
You might just become a legend.
14. The competitor who was placed 57th kept the record jump of ________meters in 1988.
A. 52 B. 77 C. 90 D. 129
15. Which statement is true according to the passage?
A. Eddie represented Finland in Olympic ski jumping.
B. Eddie trained himself with good practical facilities.
C. Eddie thought it didn’t matter to be in dead last.
D. Eddie thought himself to be a legend in Britain.
16. How did Eddie win the hearts of British people?
A. He became the first British competitor in Olympic ski jumping.
B. He did what no one else had done in 60 years for his country.
C. He could ski jump at the speed of 65 or 75 miles per hour.
D. He has got a great deal of British sport fans.
17. What is the best title of the passage?
A. The Eagle B. Getting to the medal
C. The Importance of Failure D. When Last Place is Really First
【答案】14. C 15. C 16. B 17. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在1988年冬奧會上，英國小伙“飛鷹”艾迪在58人參加的跳臺滑雪比賽中名列倒數(shù)第一。但他以堅韌不拔、勇于開拓的精神和不畏艱難、與命運抗?fàn)幍挠職舛蝗藗兯懹洝?br /> 【14題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段“Eddie’s British record jump of 71 meters landed him in 58th place--out of 58 competitors, 19 meters behind the jumper who was placed 57th. (艾迪以71米的成績打破了英國跳遠(yuǎn)紀(jì)錄，在58名參賽選手中排名58位，比排名57位的選手落后19米。)”可知，1988年，排名第57位的選手保持了90米跳遠(yuǎn)紀(jì)錄。故選C。
【15題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“On getting ready to do his jump, Eddie says, “There were about 85 or 90 thousand people in the ski jump area, and I thought ‘this is going to be really good, I’m really going to go for this,’ The Germans and the Swiss and the Italians were going down jumping, but the crowd were ignoring them and chanting, ‘Eddie! Eddie!’”(在準(zhǔn)備起跳的時候，艾迪說:“跳臺滑雪區(qū)大約有8萬5千到9萬人，我想‘這一定會很棒，我一定要去試試。’德國人、瑞士人和意大利人都在跳臺，但人群無視他們，高喊‘艾迪!艾迪!’”)”可知，艾迪認(rèn)為自己一定要去試試，是最后一名不重要。故選C。
【16題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段“Yes, he came in dead last, but he will be forever and fondly remembered by his country for doing what no one else had done in 60 years. (是的，他是最后一位，但他的國家將永遠(yuǎn)懷念他，因為他做了60年來沒有人做過的事情。)”可知，艾迪為他的國家做了60年來沒有人做過的事情，贏得了英國人的心。故選B。
【17題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“In1988, Michael “The Eagle” Edwards became the first competitor since 1928 to represent Great Britain in Olympic ski jumping. How did Eddie do? He came in No. 58 out of 58. But it didn’t matter. (1988年，“飛鷹”邁克爾·愛德華茲成為自1928年以來首位代表英國參加奧運會跳臺滑雪比賽的運動員。艾迪做得怎么樣？他在58人中排名第58。但這并不重要。)”及全文可知，文章主要介紹了在1988年冬奧會上，英國小伙“飛鷹”艾迪在58人參加的跳臺滑雪比賽中名列倒數(shù)第一。但他以堅韌不拔、勇于開拓的精神和不畏艱難、與命運抗?fàn)幍挠職舛蝗藗兯懹?。所以“When Last Place is Really First(當(dāng)最后一名才是真正的第一名的時候)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選D。
C
Landscapes are not only the setting for history; they are also a major source of our sense of history and identity.Read them right, and historical landscapes can be more informative than any other kind of source.This is even more the case with sacred landscapes, which were reflection of our ancestors’ beliefs about their relation to the cosmos and can still today seem to hold a spiritual influence.
Over the years, I’ve had the good fortune to have spent time in many historical landscapes, hoping to picture something of the spirits of the people who shaped them over the centuries.I still remember years ago walking along the Inca sacred lines around Cusco, Peru. In this ancient landscape, old sites that once belonged to Incan royals had become torn Spanish mansions. Or many years ago, before the Gulf Wars, I took a journey through south Iraq, the heart land of civilization, where the desert is still crossed by dried-up riverbeds of the Euphrates and canals that once sustained the world’s first cities.
Britain also has its own magical ancient landscapes. From the Mesolithic to the Bronze and Iron Ages, rich layers of the past are still present in the landscape surrounding Stonehenge, even as traffic rushes down the A303. It is the A303 that is the problem. As the main road to the south west from the home counties, the road runs right past Stonehenge. One of humanity’s most famous monuments, Stonehenge is an archaeological landscape without parallel in Europe, and perhaps the world. The first circle at Stonehenge was made 5,000 years ago, and the great stone circle itself in a round 2,500 BC—the age of the pyramids! And the mysteries of this amazing monument and the complex prehistoric societies that produced it are by no means exhausted, as new discoveries continue to show.
All the more worrying to me then, this unique landscape is currently at the centre of a projected plan by Highways England, which aims to relieve congestion on the A303 by creating a four-lane road with a 1.8-mile tunnel, and an expressway interchange 1.5 miles to the west. While the National Trust and English Heritage have offered qualified support for the plan, UNESCO has expressed its opposition. Meanwhile, the Stonehenge Alliance, a group of archaeologists and environmental campaigners, says the plan is based on inadequate and obsolete information. In the end, the argument is about the totality of an ancient landscape, and that includes the ancient astronomical alignment that was purposefully chosen by our ancestors, and that will, in my view, be wrecked by the expressway interchange. Time perhaps for a rethink in the name of future generations?
18. What can historical landscapes offer us?
A. Details of ancient lifestyle. B. Sacred writings.
C. Rich historical information. D. Breathtaking sights.
19. What did the author want to explore when touring historical landscapes?
A. Different architecture. B. His sense of belonging.
C. The rise of ancient cities. D. The spirits of ancestors.
20. Which of the following is True about Stonehenge ?
A. The first stone circle has a longer history than the pyramids.
B. New discoveries have solved the mysteries of the monument.
C. The ancient monument must have been the heart land of civilization.
D. The landscape surrounding has rich layers of the present.
21. What is the author’s attitude towards the projected plan by Highways England?
A. He is for it because it will benefit the future generations.
B. He keeps cool but believes a better solution could be adopted.
C. It should be stopped because it will destroy the totality of the monument.
D. It is rather practical especially with qualified support from the government.
【答案】18. C 19. D 20. A 21. C
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。根據(jù)作者常年的觀察研究，歷史景觀不僅是歷史的遺留也是我們追朔自己身份的重要資源，它們對人類有重要意義。同時文章指出，為了人類的下一代，我們要盡量保護(hù)這些歷史景觀。
【18題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Landscapes are not only the setting for history; they are also a major source of our sense of history and identity. Read them right, and historical landscapes can be more informative than any other kind of source.” 景觀不僅僅是歷史的背景；它們也是我們歷史感和認(rèn)同感的主要來源。正確地認(rèn)識它們，歷史景觀可能比任何其他類型的來源提供更多的信息。由此可知，歷史景觀可以提供大量的歷史信息，故選C。
【19題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Over the years, I’ve had the good fortune to have spent time in many historical landscapes, hoping to picture something of the spirits of the people who shaped them over the centuries.” 多年來，我有幸在許多歷史景觀中駐足，希望能描繪出幾個世紀(jì)以來塑造這些景觀的人們的精神風(fēng)貌。由此可知，作者參觀歷史景觀時想要探索的是幾個世紀(jì)前的工匠們的精神，故選D。
【20題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段最后兩句“The first circle at Stonehenge was made 5,000 years ago, and the great stone circle itself in a round 2,500 BC—the age of the pyramids! And the mysteries of this amazing monument and the complex prehistoric societies that produced it are by no means exhausted, as new discoveries continue to show. ”巨石陣的第一個圓圈是在5000年前建造的，而巨大的石圈本身是在公元前2500年形成的——那就是金字塔時代!這個令人驚嘆的遺跡和產(chǎn)生它的復(fù)雜的史前社會的神秘之處并沒有窮盡，正如新的發(fā)現(xiàn)繼續(xù)表明的那樣。由此可知，巨石陣的第一個石圈比金字塔的歷史要長，故選A。
【21題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“All the more worrying to me then, this unique landscape is currently at the centre of a projected plan by Highways England, which aims to relieve congestion on the A303 by creating a four-lane road with a 1.8-mile tunnel, and an expressway interchange 1.5 miles to the west.” 更讓我擔(dān)心的是，這一獨特的景觀目前正處于英格蘭高速公路計劃的中心位置，該計劃旨在通過修建一條四車道的公路和一條1.8英里長的隧道，以及向西1.5英里的高速公路交匯處來緩解A303公路的擁堵。和“in my view, be wrecked by the expressway interchange. Time perhaps for a rethink in the name of future generations?” 在我看來，這將會被高速公路交匯處破壞。也許是時候以子孫后代的名義重新思考了? 由此可知，作者擔(dān)心英格蘭的高速公路計劃會破壞這個歷史遺跡并對后代有影響，所以應(yīng)該是不支持的態(tài)度，即：應(yīng)該停止這一計劃，故選C。
【點睛】推理判斷題的推斷對象主要包括隱含意思、目標(biāo)讀者、觀點態(tài)度、文章出處、寫作意圖等。以推斷隱含意義的題目居多。推斷隱含意義，即要求根據(jù)文章的某個句子、段落或全文所提供的事實進(jìn)行邏輯推理，推斷出作者沒有提到、沒有明說或者可能發(fā)生的事實。題干中常含infer（推斷），suggest（暗示），imply（暗示），indicate（暗示），conclude（推斷，得出結(jié)論）等詞語。解此類題，首先找到相關(guān)信息，然后細(xì)讀、理解相關(guān)信息的字面意義，最后結(jié)合語境和常識，在字面意義的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行符合邏輯的推斷，從而理解作者的言外之意。如小題4，根據(jù)第四段“All the more worrying to me then, this unique landscape is currently at the centre of a projected plan by Highways England, which aims to relieve congestion on the A303 by creating a four-lane road with a 1.8-mile tunnel, and an expressway interchange 1.5 miles to the west.” 更讓我擔(dān)心的是，這一獨特的景觀目前正處于英格蘭高速公路計劃的中心位置，該計劃旨在通過修建一條四車道的公路和一條1.8英里長的隧道，以及向西1.5英里的高速公路交匯處來緩解A303公路的擁堵。和“in my view, be wrecked by the expressway interchange. Time perhaps for a rethink in the name of future generations?” 在我看來，這將會被高速公路交匯處破壞。也許是時候以子孫后代的名義重新思考了? 由此可知，作者擔(dān)心英格蘭的高速公路計劃會破壞這個歷史遺跡并對后代有影響，所以應(yīng)該是不支持的態(tài)度。故選C。
D
One of the classic science-fiction treatments of the end of civilization was The Death of Grass, by John Christopher, in which a mysterious sickness struck down all the grasses on which most of the world’s agriculture is based, from rice to wheat. In the end, politics among the survivors of disease, war and famine were reduced to bitter fratricidal struggle over a defensible potato patch. Like most of the so-called “comfortable disaster” novels, this could be criticized for optimism. Depressing as a future of famine and the war of all against all might seem, the consequences were largely limited to humans.
However, the threatened extinction of insect populations around the world raises the prospect of a much less general disaster, which would involve plants, birds, fish, small mammals, and everything else depending on insects. That’s just the start. Other species, and we ourselves, depend on the animals and plants that need insects. When they go, we go. This is not just a greater disaster. It’s a much more reasonable one. The most recent study has concluded that insect biomass is decreasing around the world at a rate of 2.5% a year. At that rate, half the insects in the world will be gone in 50 years’ time, and all of them in a century — though no one will be keeping track of centuries then.
The chief driver of this disaster is unchecked human greed. For all our individual and even collective cleverness, we behave as a species with as little foresight as a colony of nematode worms that will consume everything that it can reach until all is gone and it dies off naturally. The challenge of behaving more intelligently than creatures that have no brain at all will not be easy. But unlike the nematodes, we know what to do. The UN convention on biodiversity was signed in 1992, alongside the convention on climate change. Giving it the strength to hold back our appetites is now urgent. Biodiversity is not an optional extra. It is the web that holds all life, including human life.
The two main expressions of greed that speed this apocalypse are global warming and industrial agriculture. It appears that most of the damage is being done in the developed world by farming practices. The use of giant fields, lacking in shelter for insects of any sort at all, whether they are harmful to human interests or not, and where the plants are drenched in long-lasting pesticides, has been fatal for uncounted billions of insects. The effects of this kind of forming reach beyond the fields immediately affected, too. There has been a huge loss of aquatic insect species from the rivers into which the products of industrial agriculture arc flushed by rain. Even in German nature reserves, which are by definition protected from the use of pesticides, there have been sleep falls in insect populations because so many of the most widely used ones are persistent and prevent breeding.
22. Which of the following statements about The Death of Grass is true?
A. It gives a vivid account of the most serious famine in history.
B. It holds an optimistic attitude towards famine in the future.
C. It understates the severity of the disaster facing the world.
D. It demonstrates how evil human nature turns out to be.
23. In paragraph 2, the writer mentions the most recent study in order to________.
A. prove that the prediction about the great disaster makes sense
B. suggest a possible approach to increasing insect biomass
C. show how soon the insects worldwide will go extinct
D. argue for the necessity to protect insect populations
24. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Humans are similar to nematode in that both of them lack foresight.
B. Modem farming is to blame for the threatened extinction of insects.
C. Germany sets a good example by minimizing the use of pesticides.
D. We haven’t done enough about maintaining biodiversity.
25. What will the author probably discuss after the last paragraph?
A. What we can do to deal with the situation.
B. How industrial agriculture brings about apocalypse.
C. What influence pesticides may have on people’s lives.
D. Why insect populations in Germany are on the decline.
【答案】22. C 23. A 24. B 25. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了盡管未來的饑荒和人們之間的戰(zhàn)爭看起來令人沮喪，但其后果在很大程度上僅限于人類自身。人類的一些做法，使得世界各地的昆蟲生物量正在以每年2.5%的速度減少，人類依賴需要昆蟲的動植物，這對于人類來說無疑是一場災(zāi)難。
【22題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Like most of the so-called “comfortable disaster” novels, this could be criticized for optimism.(就像大多數(shù)所謂的“舒適的災(zāi)難”小說一樣，這可能會被批評為樂觀主義)”可知，C選項“它低估了世界面臨的災(zāi)難的嚴(yán)重性”正確。故選C。
【23題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“However, the threatened extinction of insect populations around the world raises the prospect of a much less general disaster, which would involve plants, birds, fish, small mammals, and everything else depending on insects. That’s just the start. Other species, and we ourselves, depend on the animals and plants that need insects. When they go, we go. This is not just a greater disaster. It’s a much more reasonable one. The most recent study has concluded that insect biomass is decreasing around the world at a rate of 2.5% a year. At that rate, half the insects in the world will be gone in 50 years’ time, and all of them in a century — though no one will be keeping track of centuries then.(然而，世界各地昆蟲種群滅絕的威脅增加了一種不那么普遍的災(zāi)難的可能性，這種災(zāi)難將涉及植物、鳥類、魚類、小型哺乳動物以及其他一切依賴?yán)ハx的生物。這只是開始。其他物種，包括我們自己，都依賴于需要昆蟲的動植物。它們走了，我們也走了。這不僅僅是一場更大的災(zāi)難。這是一個更合理的選擇。最近的研究得出結(jié)論，世界各地的昆蟲生物量正在以每年2.5%的速度減少。按照這樣的速度，世界上一半的昆蟲將在50年內(nèi)消失，而所有昆蟲將在一個世紀(jì)內(nèi)消失——盡管到時沒有人會記錄幾個世紀(jì)的情況)”可推知，作者提到了最近的研究，以證明關(guān)于大災(zāi)難的預(yù)測是有道理的。故選A。
【24題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“The two main expressions of greed that speed this apocalypse are global warming and industrial agriculture.(加速這場災(zāi)難的貪婪的兩種主要表現(xiàn)形式是全球變暖和工業(yè)化農(nóng)業(yè))”可推知，現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)是造成昆蟲瀕臨滅絕的原因。故選B。
【25題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“The two main expressions of greed that speed this apocalypse are global warming and industrial agriculture. It appears that most of the damage is being done in the developed world by farming practices. The use of giant fields, lacking in shelter for insects of any sort at all, whether they are harmful to human interests or not, and where the plants are drenched in long-lasting pesticides, has been fatal for uncounted billions of insects. The effects of this kind of forming reach beyond the fields immediately affected, too. There has been a huge loss of aquatic insect species from the rivers into which the products of industrial agriculture arc flushed by rain. Even in German nature reserves, which are by definition protected from the use of pesticides, there have been sleep falls in insect populations because so many of the most widely used ones are persistent and prevent breeding.(加速這場災(zāi)難的貪婪的兩種主要表現(xiàn)形式是全球變暖和工業(yè)化農(nóng)業(yè)。似乎大部分的損害是由發(fā)達(dá)國家的耕作方式造成的。巨大的農(nóng)田，沒有任何種類昆蟲的庇護(hù)所，無論它們是否對人類利益有害，而且植物被長效殺蟲劑浸透，對無法計數(shù)的數(shù)十億昆蟲來說是致命的。這種形成的影響也超出了立即受到影響的領(lǐng)域。由于工業(yè)化農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品被雨水沖入河流，水生昆蟲種類大量減少。即使是在德國自然保護(hù)區(qū)——按照定義，這些自然保護(hù)區(qū)不受殺蟲劑的影響——也曾出現(xiàn)過昆蟲睡眠不足的情況，因為許多最廣泛使用的殺蟲劑是持久性的，會阻止昆蟲繁殖)”可推知，作者在最后一段之后可能會討論我們能做些什么來應(yīng)對這種情況。故選A。
第二節(jié) 七選五(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Poor Sleep and Loneliness: A Vicious Cycle?
The feeling of being lonely is the sense that you have less social contact with others than you want. It is not quite the same as the amount of social contact you have. Some people don’t engage that often with others, but they are perfectly fine with that, and so they don’t feel alone. ____26____ Being lonely is associated with poorer psychological health.
One area of research has focused specifically on the relationship between loneliness and sleep. There are several inter-related questions: Is feeling lonely related to the quality of people’s sleep? What aspects of sleep are related to loneliness? And does loneliness cause sleep problems, or do difficulties with sleeping lead to feelings of loneliness? ___27___
The relationship between loneliness and sleep was explored in a paper by Melanie Hom and Caol Chu in the September 2020 issue of Clinical Psychological Science. They analyzed the data of previous studies relating sleep quality to feelings of loneliness. ____28____ This relationship is stronger for insomnia (失眠癥) than for sleep complaints like nightmares. In addition, the more loneliness people express, the less effective they think their sleep is.
Although poor sleep and loneliness are closely related, it is hard to determine whether loneliness causes sleep difficulties or the reverse (相反).
___29___ It is because you can look to see whether sleep difficulties at one time predict later feelings of loneliness or whether loneliness early on predicts later sleep difficulties. Interestingly, sleep problems predicted later loneliness and loneliness predicted later sleep difficulties. However, the connection between earlier sleep difficulties and later loneliness was generally stronger than that between earlier loneliness and later sleep difficulties. This pattern suggests that there may be a vicious cycle, though, in which poor sleep can increase feelings of loneliness, which can in turn increase sleep difficulties.
If you are someone who has trouble sleeping, be aware that poor sleep lowers your resilience (復(fù)原力) overall. Among other things, it may make it harder for you to appreciate the social contacts you have. ____30____ That added social engagement just might have a positive impact on your future sleep.
A. Long-term studies that follow the same people over time help.
B. If you have difficulty in social engagement, you may feel lonely.
C. Other people may spend a lot of time with others, but still long for more.
D. These issues are important because poor sleep can affect psychological health.
E. To solve the problem, you should monitor your sleeping quality and physical health.
F. If you have trouble sleeping, try spending more time reaching out to friends and loved ones.
G. The results indicate that the more sleep difficulties people express they have, the lonelier they feel.
【答案】26. C 27. D 28. G 29. A 30. F
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章對失眠和孤獨之間的聯(lián)系進(jìn)行了研究，并且提出了如何解決此問題的建議。
【詳解】1.根據(jù)前文“It is not quite the same as the amount of social contact you have. ”（這和你擁有的社會聯(lián)系的數(shù)量是不一樣的。）可知，下文應(yīng)分別陳述不同的人對社交量的需求。根據(jù)前文“Some people don’t engage that often with others, but they are perfectly fine with that, and so they don’t feel alone.”（有些人并不經(jīng)常與他人交往，但他們對此完全沒有問題，所以他們并不感到孤獨。）可推知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)陳述與之相反的情況。選項C（有些人可能花很多時間與他人在一起，但仍然渴望更多）切合文意，選項中的other people對應(yīng)上文的some people。故選C。
2.根據(jù)第二段第一句“One area of research has focused specifically on the relationship between loneliness and sleep”（其中一個研究領(lǐng)域?qū)ｉT關(guān)注孤獨和睡眠之間的關(guān)系）可知，第二段主要是講孤獨和睡眠的關(guān)系，對應(yīng)選項C中的poor sleep can affect psychological health。所以選項C（這些問題很重要，因為睡眠不好會影響心理健康。）切合文意，且選項中的These issues對應(yīng)前文中提到的三個問題。故選D。
3.根據(jù)前文“They analyzed the data of previous studies relating sleep quality to feelings of loneliness. ”（他們分析了之前有關(guān)睡眠質(zhì)量與孤獨感的研究數(shù)據(jù)。）可推知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)陳述他們分析數(shù)據(jù)得出的結(jié)果，所以選項G（研究結(jié)果表明，人們表現(xiàn)出的睡眠問題越多，他們就會感到越孤獨。）切合文意，選項中的The results對應(yīng)上文的analyzed。故選G。
4.后文“ It is because you can look to see whether sleep difficulties at one time predict later feelings of loneliness or whether loneliness early on predicts later sleep difficulties. ”（這是因為你可以看一段時間的睡眠困難是否預(yù)示著以后的孤獨感，或者早期的孤獨是否預(yù)示著以后的睡眠困難。）表明這是長期的對相同的人的研究，所以選項A（長期跟蹤同一批人的研究會有所幫助。）切合文意。故選A。
5.根據(jù)前文“If you are someone who has trouble sleeping, be aware that poor sleep lowers your resilience (復(fù)原力) overall. Among other things, it may make it harder for you to appreciate the social contacts you have.”（如果你有睡眠問題，要注意睡眠會降低你的復(fù)原力。此外，它會讓你很難享受你所擁有的社會聯(lián)系）和下文“ That added social engagement just might have a positive impact on your future sleep.”（增加社交活動可能會對你未來的睡眠產(chǎn)生積極影響。）可推知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)陳述解決這種問題的方法。所以選項F（如果你有睡眠問題，試著花更多的時間聯(lián)系朋友和愛人。）切合文意，下文的that對應(yīng)選項中的try spending more time reaching out to friends and loved ones.。故選F。
第三節(jié) 閱讀表達(dá)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)
閱讀下列短文，按照要求用英文回答問題.
When Veronika Scott was a student at the College for Creative Studies in Detroit. Michigan, she received a task to “design to fill a need.”She dreamed up an idea for overcoats that would double as sleeping bags, made 25 of them, and handed them out to people living in shelters on an abandoned city playground. While her efforts were greeted mostly with enthusiasm from those braving Detroit's cold winters, one woman voiced dissatisfaction. “We don't need coats; we need jobs.” she told Veronika. Then she had her second inspiration.
After graduating from college in 2012, Veronika founded the Empowerment Plan, a nonprofit organization. She hired two homeless women to sew the coats and paid them with donations she received through her blog. Now, the Empowerment Plan employs about 20 people and has produced more than 10,000 coats and distributed them in 30 states, Canada, and elsewhere abroad.
“We don't require previous employment,” Veronika says. “We’re looking for people who are motivated." The Empowerment Plan provides free classes and lends money to those who qualify. Nearly all the employees eventually move into permanent housing, and some get jobs in the auto industry and construction.
Veronika has bettered the coat's design by making its outer layer of a lightweight material that resists air, wind, and water and its inner layer of a material that stores body heat. Still, Veronika is less focused on the coats than on the workers who make them. “At the end of the day,” she says, “the coat is a vehicle for us to employ people.”
31. What did Veronika Scott do to finish her task from her studies? (no more than 15 words)
32. Where did Veronika Scott get her second inspiration?(no more than 10 words)
33. What is Veronika’s purpose of founding Empowerment Plan? (no more than 10 words)
34. What does the underlined word mean in the Paragraph?(no more than 1 words)
35. What do you think of Veronika? Why? (no more than 20 words)
【答案】31. She designed and made overcoats and gave them away to homeless people.
Or: She made overcoats and handed them out to the homeless.
32. From the woman who voiced her dissatisfaction.
Or: From the woman who was dissatisfied with what she did
33. To enable homeless people to help themselves.
Or: To help homeless people make a living on their own
34. Way.
Or. Method.
35. She is caring and creative, because she has come up with several ideas to help the poor.
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了Veronika Sott 通過給流浪者設(shè)計睡袋，并通過the Empowerment Plan（賦權(quán)計劃）給無家可歸的人提供工作機會，進(jìn)而幫助他們改變現(xiàn)狀的故事。
【31題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段的句子She dreamed up an idea for overcoats that would double as sleeping bags, made 25 of them, and handed them out to people living in shelters on an abandoned city playground. 可知，她想出了一個主意，可以兼做睡袋的大衣，她做了25件，并分發(fā)給住在城市廢棄操場上避難所的人們。結(jié)合字?jǐn)?shù)限制，故答案是She designed and made overcoats and gave them away to homeless people. Or: She made overcoats and handed them out to the homeless.
【32題詳解】
推理判斷題。從第一段的句子…one woman voiced dissatisfaction. “We don't need coats; we need jobs.” she told Veronika. Then she had her second inspiration. …一位女性表達(dá)了不滿。她對Veronika說：“我們不需要大衣，我們需要工作。” 于是Veronika就有了第二靈感。又從第二段的句子：After graduating from college in 2012, Veronika founded the Empowerment Plan, a nonprofit organization. 2012年大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，Veronika創(chuàng)立了非盈利組織“賦權(quán)計劃”。推理可知，Veronika的第二個靈感是因為那位女性的表達(dá)的不滿言語得來的，結(jié)合字?jǐn)?shù)限制，故答案是From the woman who voiced her dissatisfaction. Or: From the woman who was dissatisfied with what she did
【33題詳解】
推理判斷題。從第二段句子She hired two homeless women to sew the coats and paid them with donations she received through her blog. 她雇傭了兩名無家可歸的婦女來縫制這些外套，并用她通過博客收到的捐款來支付她們的工資。又從第三段句子Nearly all the employees eventually move into permanent housing, and some get jobs in the auto industry and construction. 幾乎所有的雇員最終都搬進(jìn)了永久性住房，有些人也在汽車行業(yè)和建筑業(yè)找到了工作。由此可推之，創(chuàng)辦Empowerment Plan的目的就是為了給無家可歸的人提供幫助，給他們工作機會，自己謀生。結(jié)合字?jǐn)?shù)限制，故答案是To enable homeless people to help themselves. Or: To help homeless people make a living on their own
【34題詳解】
詞義猜測題。從第四句Veronika is less focused on the coats than on the workers who make them. “At the end of the day,” she says, “the coat is a vehicle for us to employ people.” 不過，比起外套，Veronika更關(guān)注生產(chǎn)這些外套的工人?！罢f到底，”她說，“這件外套是我們雇傭員工的工具?！笨赏浦?，Veronika更關(guān)注的是生產(chǎn)工人，而不是外套本身，因此外套只是雇傭員工的一個方法而已。結(jié)合字?jǐn)?shù)限制，故答案是Way. Or. Method.
【35題詳解】
推理判斷題。從第一段句子Then she had her second inspiration.可知，然后她就有了第二個靈感。由此可推知，她能從身邊的事情中獲取靈感，證明了她具有創(chuàng)造力。又從第三段句子The Empowerment Plan provides free classes and lends money to those who qualify. 授權(quán)計劃提供免費課程，并借錢給那些有資格的人?？赏浦?，她創(chuàng)辦的非營利組織非常具有關(guān)懷性。結(jié)合字?jǐn)?shù)限制，故答案是She is caring and creative, because she has come up with several ideas to help the poor.
【點睛】閱讀表達(dá)題測試目的是從多方位多角度考查閱讀獲取信息、處理信息并進(jìn)行書面表達(dá)的能力。比傳統(tǒng)的閱讀理解題型更具有綜合性和主觀性，更能體現(xiàn)學(xué)生的綜合語言運用能力。在回答問題前，要認(rèn)真審題，判斷問題的類型，弄清題目目的要求；回答要有針對性，避免答非所問；同時還要注意問題后的字?jǐn)?shù)要求，回答要簡潔，語言表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確。
第四部分 課內(nèi)基礎(chǔ)(共四節(jié)，共40分)
第一節(jié) 單詞填空(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)
請根據(jù)下列首字母或中文提示，用單詞的正確形式填空。每空限一詞。
36. He left England with the i________ (打算，計劃) of travelling in Africa. (根據(jù)中英文提示填空)
【答案】intention##ntention
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：他離開英國打算去非洲旅行。由首字母提示i可知，“打算，計劃”是intention，由“of travelling in Africa”可知，此處是一個打算，因此空格處用單數(shù)，故填intention。
37. Across the world,1.1 billion people have no ______ (接觸的機會）to clean drinking water. （根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）
【答案】access
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：全世界有11億人喝不到干凈的飲用水。“接觸的機會”是access，have no access to是固定短語，意為“無從獲得”，故填access。
38. Tonight we will honor the school’s most o________(杰出的) students. （根據(jù)中英文提示填空）
【答案】outstanding##utstanding
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：今晚我們將表彰學(xué)校最優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及提示可知應(yīng)填形容詞outstanding，作定語。故填outstanding。
39. His sense of humour is one of his appealing ________(品質(zhì)). （根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）
【答案】traits/characters/qualities/personalities
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：他的幽默感是他吸引人的品質(zhì)之一。根據(jù)漢語意思可知，“品質(zhì)”應(yīng)用名詞trait/character/ quality/personality，由one of可知，此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，故填traits/characters/qualities/personalities。
40. She received awards for her a________ (學(xué)術(shù)的) achievements. (根據(jù)中英文提示填空)
【答案】academic##cademic
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：她因?qū)W術(shù)成就而獲獎。根據(jù)單詞首字母和漢語提示“學(xué)術(shù)的”可知，空格處應(yīng)用“academic”，意為“學(xué)術(shù)的”，形容詞詞性，在句中作定語。故填academic。
41. If you’re feeling d________ (精神無法集中的), take a break.（根據(jù)中英文提示填空）
【答案】distracted##istracted
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：如果你感到精神無法集中，休息一下。根據(jù)漢語及首字母提示可知，此處為形容詞distracted，作表語。故填distracted。
42. She had a d________(要求嚴(yán)格的，費力的) schedule with little free time. （根據(jù)中英文提示填空）
【答案】demanding##emanding
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：她的日程排得很緊，幾乎沒有空閑時間。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及漢語提示可知應(yīng)填形容詞demanding，作定語。故填demanding。
43. The book r________ (提出，提起) many important questions. （根據(jù)中英文提示填空）
【答案】raises##aises
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞。句意：這本書提出了許多重要的問題。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及漢語提示可知應(yīng)填動詞raise，作謂語，陳述客觀事實用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為book，謂語用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填raises。
44. It’s not r________(現(xiàn)實的，實際的) to expect people to spend that much money on wedding gifts. （根據(jù)中英文提示填空）
【答案】realistic##ealistic
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：期待人們在結(jié)婚禮物上花費太多是不現(xiàn)實的。根據(jù)漢語及首字母提示可知，此處使用形容詞realistic，作表語。故填realistic。
45. The equipment is checked on a r________ (定期的，有規(guī)律的) basis. (根據(jù)中英文提示填空)
【答案】regular##egular
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：設(shè)備定期進(jìn)行檢查。根據(jù)單詞首字母和漢語提示“定期的，有規(guī)律的”可知，空格處應(yīng)用“regular”，意為“定期的，有規(guī)律的”，形容詞詞性，在句中作定語。故填regular。
第二節(jié) 課文填空(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)
46. I know that I wasn’t a willing student, but I wasn’t slow to learn new things. The problem was that I ________in myself. Mr. Jenkins made me feel that I had my ________.（根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容填空）
【答案】 ①. lacked confidence ②. own strengths
【解析】
【詳解】考查固定短語和時態(tài)。句意：我知道我不是個好學(xué)的學(xué)生，但我學(xué)新東西并不慢。問題是我對自己缺乏信心。詹金斯先生讓我覺得我有自己的長處。第一空根據(jù)句意“缺乏信心”可知短語為lack confidence，結(jié)合上文was可知為一般過去時；第二空表示“自己的長處”應(yīng)用own strengths。故填①lacked confidence；②own strengths。
47. Social networking dominates my life in so many ways. Sometimes I ________for myself: I will start doing my homework at 8 pm and aim to finish in two hours. At 7:50 pm, I’m still ________ my friends’ silly posts and photos. （根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容填空）
【答案】 ①. set deadlines ②. scrolling through
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)在很多方面主宰了我的生活。有時我會給自己設(shè)定最后期限：晚上8點開始做作業(yè)，目標(biāo)是在兩小時內(nèi)完成。晚上7點50分，我還在翻看朋友們的無聊帖子和照片。根據(jù)句意可知，第一空使用動詞短語set deadlines“設(shè)定截止日期”，根據(jù)時間狀語Sometimes可知，句子陳述習(xí)慣性動作，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時；第二空使用動詞短語scroll through“滾動瀏覽”，根據(jù)At 7:50 pm, I’m still可知，句子陳述正在發(fā)生的動作，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。故填①set deadlines；②scrolling through。
48. Most people believe when they are ________and earning enough money, they will have ________. However, most people never feel they have earned enough. （根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容填空）
【答案】 ①. living comfortably ②. no worries
【解析】
【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為，當(dāng)他們生活舒適，賺了足夠的錢，他們就沒有煩惱。然而，大多數(shù)人都覺得自己掙得不夠多。第一空根據(jù)句意可知為短語live comfortably，結(jié)合are可知為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時；第二空根據(jù)句意可知為短語no worries。故填①living comfortably；②no worries。
49. Doing what we do as athletes sets us apart because we’re willing to do that extra little bit that might take us to the top. It is certainly not a balanced way to live and it is certainly not normal but those words are generally not used for anyone who is ________.（根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容填空）
【答案】striving for greatness
【解析】
【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：做我們作為運動員所做的事情使我們與眾不同，因為我們愿意做額外的事情，這可能會讓我們達(dá)到頂峰。這當(dāng)然不是一種平衡的生活方式，當(dāng)然也不正常，但這些話通常不會用于那些追求偉大的人。根據(jù)句意表示“追求偉大”可知短語為strive for greatness，結(jié)合is可知為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。故填striving for greatness。
50. Can a sixth extinction be avoided? Experts say that it is not yet too late, if we take action now. This would mean we have to ________the way we live. For example, we need to take steps to ________, including setting up special areas where plants and animals can be protected. （根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容填空）
【答案】 ①. significantly change ②. save endangered species
【解析】
【詳解】①考查非謂語動詞和副詞。句意：這將意味著我們必須對我們的生活方式作出重大改變。該空格處意味“作出重大改變”，根據(jù)空格前的have to，其后跟動詞原形，動詞change意為“改變”，其后跟定語從句；副詞significantly意為“意義深遠(yuǎn)地；重大地”，修飾動詞change，故填significantly change。
②考查目的狀語和固定搭配。句意：比如，我們需要采取措施拯救瀕危物種，包括設(shè)立保護(hù)動植物的特別區(qū)域。該空處句意為“拯救瀕危物種”。根據(jù)該空前的to，其后跟動詞原形，作目的狀語，動詞save意為“拯救”，其后跟名詞搭配endangered species作賓語，意為“瀕危物種”，故填save endangered species。
51. We often think there is nothing we can do about the noise, pollution and danger of traffic. There is. If your street is full of ________, talk to your neighbours about it. Write to the papers. Go to the city government. Ask for a speed limit. Do whichever of these things that suit you. Don’t just sit around and complain. （根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容填空）
【答案】heavy traffic
【解析】
【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：我們常常認(rèn)為對于交通的噪音、污染和危險我們無能為力。確實存在。如果你住的街道交通擁擠，就和你的鄰居談?wù)?。給報紙寫信。去找市政府。要求限速。做任何適合你的事情。不要只是坐在那里抱怨。根據(jù)句意“交通擁擠”可知短語為heavy traffic。故填heavy traffic。
第三節(jié) 短語填空(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)
用方框中短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。有一個短語是多余的。
sum up used to set out in contrast to take up do one’s part
be to blame drop out wipe out boil down to for the first time

52. We hope to make the garden as beautiful as it ________be.
53. I’ll never forget hearing this piece of music________.
54. They________to discover a cure for cancer.
55. I’m sorry to________your time, but I really need your help.
56. Last year, the number of students who________of school reduced by 20% compared to the number of the year before.
57. The whole village________by the floods and many people lost their lives.
58. According to the investigation, the bus driver________for the accident.
59. To________, our efforts will contribute to the improvement of the environment.
60. ________his wife, Bush has little appetite for foreign travel.
61. I’m glad to________for the environmental protection.
【答案】52. used to
53. for the first time
54. set out
55. take up
56. dropped out
57. was wiped out
58. is to blame##was to blame
59. sum up 60. In contrast to
61. do my part
【解析】
【52題詳解】
考查固定搭配。句意：我們希望使花園像以前一樣美麗。根據(jù)語境分析，可知此處表達(dá)“過去常常”，used to后接動詞原形，符合題意。故填used to。
【53題詳解】
考查介詞短語。句意：我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記第一次聽到這首曲子。根據(jù)語境分析，此處表達(dá)“第一次”，作時間狀語，用介詞短語for the first time。故填for the first time。
【54題詳解】
考查動詞短語。句意：他們著手發(fā)現(xiàn)癌癥的治療方法。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，此處作謂語動詞，結(jié)合句意，此處表達(dá)“著手做某事”，set out to do sth.符合題意。故填set out。
【55題詳解】
考查動詞短語。句意：很抱歉占用了你的時間，但我真的需要你的幫助。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，此句to為不定式符號，后接動詞原形，結(jié)合句意，此處表達(dá)“占據(jù)”，take up符合題意。故填take up。
【56題詳解】
考查動詞短語。句意：去年，與前一年相比，輟學(xué)學(xué)生人數(shù)減少了20%。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)定語從句，結(jié)合句意，此處表達(dá)“輟學(xué)”，作從句謂語動詞，結(jié)合時間狀語Last year可知，動詞時態(tài)為一般過去時。故填dropped out。
【57題詳解】
考查動詞短語。句意：整個村莊被洪水沖毀，許多人喪生。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，此處作謂語動詞，結(jié)合后句動詞lost可知，動詞用一般過去時態(tài)，和主語The whole village構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)，用被動語態(tài)。結(jié)合句意，此處表達(dá)“沖毀”，was wiped out符合題意。故填was wiped out。
【58題詳解】
考查固定搭配。句意：根據(jù)調(diào)查，公共汽車司機應(yīng)對事故負(fù)責(zé)。根據(jù)句意，此處表達(dá)“對事故負(fù)責(zé)”，結(jié)合句子結(jié)構(gòu)，be to blame被責(zé)備，主動表被動含義，分析語境，此處動詞短語用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時均可，主語單數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。故填is/was to blame。
【59題詳解】
考查動詞短語。句意：總之，我們的努力將有助于改善環(huán)境。根據(jù)句意，此處表達(dá)“總之”，to sum up符合題意。故填sum up。
【60題詳解】
考查介詞短語。句意：與他的妻子相比，布什對外國旅行幾乎沒有興趣。根據(jù)句意，可知此處表達(dá)“與……相比較”，in contrast to符合題意。故填I(lǐng)n contrast to。
【61題詳解】
考查動詞短語。句意：我很高興為環(huán)境保護(hù)盡自己一份力量。根據(jù)句意，此處表達(dá)“盡自己的一份力量”，to是不定式符號，后接動詞原形，do my part符合題意。故填do my part。
第四節(jié) 語法填空，每空僅限一詞(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)
62. The police arrested the man who________(break) into a jewellery shop. （所給詞適當(dāng)形式填空）
【答案】had broken
【解析】
【詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：警察逮捕了那個闖入珠寶店的人。從句表示過去的過去，應(yīng)用過去完成時。故填had broken。
63. They are the people________house caught fire. （用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）
【答案】whose
【解析】
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：他們就是房子著火的人。此處為定語從句修飾先行詞people，從句缺少定語，故用whose引導(dǎo)。故填whose。
64. The river is seriously polluted, ________has caused much public attention. （用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）
【答案】which
【解析】
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：這條河污染嚴(yán)重，已經(jīng)引起了公眾的廣泛關(guān)注。指代前面一件事，用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句。根據(jù)句意，故填which。
65. Fortunately, we had a map, without ________ we would have got lost. (用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)
【答案】which
【解析】
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：幸運的是，我們有一張地圖，如果沒有地圖，我們就迷路了。分析句子可知，句子為非限制性定語從句，先行詞為“map”，指物，在從句中作介詞“without”的賓語，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞“which”引導(dǎo)從句。故填which。
66. The building, ________ an important conference is being held, is in the center of the city. (用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)
【答案】where
【解析】
【詳解】考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：這座正在舉行重要會議的大樓位于市中心。該空引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是The building，關(guān)系詞在從句中地點狀語，用關(guān)系副詞where。故填where。
67. In my opinion, ________ matters is whether we can win together as a team instead of individuals. （用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）
【答案】what
【解析】
【詳解】考查主語從句。句意：在我看來，重要的是我們是否可以作為一個團隊而不是個人贏得勝利。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句是一個由what引導(dǎo)的主語從句，what在主語從句中作主語。故填what。
68. Nobody enjoys________(criticize) in the presence of others. （所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）
【答案】being criticized
【解析】
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：沒人喜歡被人當(dāng)著別人的面批評。Enjoy doing為固定短語，意為“喜歡做某事”，且提示詞與其邏輯主語Nobody之間為被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用being done形式，意為“沒人喜歡被批評”，故填being criticized。
69. ________(make) this cake, you'll need 2 eggs, 175g sugar and 175g flour. （所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）
【答案】To make
【解析】
【詳解】考查非謂語。句意：為了做這個蛋糕，你需要兩個雞蛋，175克糖和175克面粉。分析句意可知，需要用非謂語中的動詞不定式表目的。故填To make。
70. You have to feed________cat when I’m away. （用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）
【答案】the
【解析】
【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：我不在的時候你得喂貓。此處cat為特指應(yīng)用定冠詞。故填the。
71. There is ________ “m” in the word “melancholy”. (用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)
【答案】an
【解析】
【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：“melancholy”一詞中有一個“m”。分析句子可知，句中泛指“melancholy” 一詞中有一個字母“m”，故空格處應(yīng)用不定冠詞，表泛指，“m”音標(biāo)的第一個音素為元音音素，故應(yīng)用不定冠詞“an”。故填an。
第五部分 書面表達(dá)(共15分)
72. 假定你是李華，你們年級將舉辦主題為“環(huán)境保護(hù)”的英語展示活動，請給你校的外教Mr. Forbes 寫一封郵件，代表學(xué)生會邀請他參加此次活動并擔(dān)任評委，內(nèi)容包括：
1.活動細(xì)節(jié)（如： 時間， 地點，目的）；
2.評委職責(zé)。
注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右；
2.郵件的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。
參考詞匯：做展示 give presentations
Dear Mr. Forbes,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Forbes,
As you may know, an event, where students in our grade will give presentations on the theme of “Environmental Conservation”, is scheduled for 4 p.m. next Monday in the auditorium. I am writing on behalf of the Student Union to invite you to attend and to be the judge.
Here is some detailed information. The event aims to raise students’ awareness of environmental protection and kindle their passion for doing research in English. There will be 12 groups of speakers, each representing a class in our grade. As the judge, you are expected to develop evaluation standards, score their presentations, and give comments on their performance.
If you have any questions, I will be glad to discuss them with you in person.
Thank you for your time and consideration. We are looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。假定你是李華，你們年級將舉辦主題為“環(huán)境保護(hù)”的英語展示活動，請給你校的外教Mr. Forbes 寫一封郵件，代表學(xué)生會邀請他參加此次活動并擔(dān)任評委。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
代表：on behalf of→in the person of
提高：raise→promote
高興的：glad→happy
親自：in person→personally
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句：There will be 12 groups of speakers, each representing a class in our grade.
拓展句：There will be 12 groups of speakers, each of which represents a class in our grade.
【點睛】[高分句型1] There will be 12 groups of speakers, each representing a class in our grade. (運用了獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu))
[高分句型2] If you have any questions, I will be glad to discuss them with you in person. (運用了if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句)
聽力答案：1-5 BBACC 6-10 BABCA 11-15 CBAAC 16.thousands 17.area 18. May 19. spring 20. different