Book1 Unit4 Learning about language課前知識儲備I: 課文原句背誦1. It seemed ________________ the world _______ coming to an end.2.In less than one minute, a large city _____________________.3.About 75 _____ _______ the city’s factories and buildings were __________.4. Water, food, and _______________ were hard to get.5.People began to wonder how long the ___________ would last.6. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to ____________ those who were ___________ and to _________ the dead.7.Workers built ____________ for ____________ whose homes had been ____________.8.Slowly, the city began to ___________again.9.Tangshan started to ____________ itself and ____________________________.10.With strong support from the government and the tireless ___________ of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.11. Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that _______________ disaster, people must ___________ and show the ____________to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.12. Some were found alive, though they were _________________ terrible injuries.13.The ____________which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.14.She is feeding the baby who ____________ the earthquake.15.The next day, people put up shelters ___ _____ _____ ______using anything that they could find.16.The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that ___________into coastlines across Asia yesterday,________ more than 6,500 people.17.Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars _________________ by huge waves_________ by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0.18.The undersea quake ________around 7:00 a.m.19.However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to___________ food and supplies.20.Report to the class the safety instructions you listed and then explain what _________ supplies people should keep ____________.II: Review the textStrange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. But the city’s one million people ____________ as usual that night. At 3:42, a terrible earthquake _________(shake) Tangshan, ________ caused a lot of damage. ______ less than one minute, a large city ____________________. ______ great number of people who were killed or badly ____________(injure) was more than 400,0000. Nearly everything _______________(destroy) .About 75 _____________ the city’s factories and buildings were gone. The tracks were useless pieces of ___________. Water, food and electricity were hard _________(get). But hope was not lost. The army sent soldiers to dig out those _________(trap) and to _________________. Workers built ___________for survivors. Slowly, the city began to _____________again. In addition, Tangshan started to ______________.Thanks to the strong support from the government and ____________________of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built. Tangshan city has ___________to China and the rest of the world that __________________ , people must ___________ and show the __________to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.課堂合作探究：Part1 Words:1. floodn. 洪水；大量in flood: (河水) 上漲，泛濫a flood of complaints: 大量投訴v.淹沒，大量涌入  flood in/into/ out of sth:  大量涌入/涌出 flood…with…使充滿1)Telephone came ___________________ from all over the country.2)The office _________________________applications for the job.3）The river is _______________________because of the heavy rain.2.rescue: 【原句背誦】____________________________________________________v. rescue sb. from sth: 把…從… 營救出來 n. come to one’s rescue=rescue sb.   rescue workers/teams/operations: 救援人員/隊/工作1) The children _________________________the sinking boat by a passing ship.2)A___________________risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped in the mountains for two days.3)When we were trapped in ruins, the soldiers ______________________(趕來救援)3.damage【原句背誦】_____________________________________________________v. damage one’s health: 損害某人的健康n.不可數(shù)cause/do damage to…:對…造成損害  n. damages: 賠償金1) The accident _________________________my car, but it’s nothing serious.2)My car _____________________ in an accident, so I have to buy a new one.3)As we all know, smoking can ________________________________(抽煙會損害我我們的健康) 4)He was ordered to pay damages totaling $30,000.(英譯漢)   _________________________________________________________________4. affect 【原句背誦】_____________________________________________________v. affect sb./sth:影響某人/某物  be greatly/deeply affected by…被深深打動n. effect   have an/ a great/no effect on…對…有/很大/沒有影響  come into/take effect:生效，起作用 side effect: 副作用 in effect: 實際上，事實上1)With the government’s help, those____________(affect)by the earthquake have rebuilt their houses.2)Most people present at the meeting _________________________his speech.(被他的演講深深打動了)3)The new law has_________________________; surely it will ___________________________________(影響) the industry of the country.5.shelter【原句背誦】_____________________________________________________n. 1)不可數(shù)名詞：居所；庇護 under the shelter of:在…的庇護下 2）可數(shù)名詞：庇護；收容所，庇護所 set up/build a shelter: 建個避難所v. shelter… from…保護…免受…; shelter from…躲避…1)Tired, we had a rest______ ______ _______ ______ a big tree.2)Trees ____________the house __________the wind.3)We sat under a big tree,____________________(躲避)the sun.6.keen   adj. 渴望的；喜愛的/對…著迷的; 濃厚的be keen to do sth/be keen on doing sth: 渴望/熱衷于做某事 be keen on sb/sth/on doing sth: 喜愛某人/某事/做某事take a keen interest in sth:對…很感興趣1)     John _____________________________________(熱衷于幫助別人)2)______________________________________________(他喜歡吃面條) 3）He___________________________________________music(他對音樂很感興趣)7. ruin 【原句背誦】______________________________________________n. be/ lie in ruins: 成為廢墟 v. ruin one’s health/fame/future:毀壞某人的健康/名譽/前途 ruin sb./sth:毀壞某人/某物1) The whole city ____________________ after the earthquake, which made us awake all night.2) Heavy smoking____________________________, so you should give up smoking.3)To our disappointment, the bad weather_______________our trip.辨析：ruin, damage, destroy_____________________________________________8. bury【原句背誦】____________________________________________________bury oneself in/be buried in…埋頭于/專心于…  bury one’s face/head in one’s hands: 雙手掩面/抱頭  bury one’s feelings 隱藏感情1) Soldiers buried the dead with sadness after the earthquake. (英譯漢) ______________________________________________________________2) My father _____________________________________a book when I walked into the room.(當我走進房間時，父親正在專心讀書)3) ___________________________his work(埋頭工作), he forgot to have dinner.               9. shock【原句背誦】____________________________________________n. in shock: 震驚，吃驚 a shock to sb.令某人震驚的一件事  electric shock:觸電/電休克 culture shock: 文化沖擊v. shock sb.使某人震驚  adj. shocked: be shocked to do sth: 對做某事感到震驚 be shocked at/by sth: 對…感到震驚      shocking:令人震驚的1)The news of his death ____________________________(令我們很震驚)2) We__________________________________(聽到這個消息很震驚) so many people were killed and injured in Wenchuan earthquake3)People were ___________ to see the little girl was often by her stepmother. The _____________ news ___________all the people around, which was also ____ _______ to her father who was working abroad.10.effort: 【原句背誦】______________________________________________n. make efforts/an effort to do sth:努力做某事 spare no effort(s) to do sth: 不遺余力做某事 1)If it is a matter of life and death, we should __________________________(不遺余力去解決它)2)You all should _____________________________ improve your spoken English.11. suffer: 【原句背誦】______________________________________________vt.遭受，蒙受 suffer pain/defeat/ poverty/ hunger/damage/ a loss :遭受痛苦/失敗/貧困/饑餓/破壞/損失 vi. suffer from… 受…之苦；患…病 n. suffering : 苦難，痛苦； 讓人痛苦的事（常用復數(shù)）1) As far as I know, he is _____________________ a serious illness.2)The car _______ _______ _______ in the accident.(汽車在事故中遭到了嚴重破壞)3)The old man is said to have experienced lots of ________(suffer) during the war.12.supply: 【原句背誦】______________________________________________n. 【pl.】 補給品，日用必需品 【U】供應，補給【C】供應量 food/water/gas/electricity supply:食物/水/煤氣/電供給in short supply:短缺have a good supply of…:備有很多v. supply sth to sb. 向某人提供某物 supply sb. with sth: 給某人供應某物1) The hospital promises to __________ people______ the best possible medical care.  The hospital promises to ___________the best possible medical care ________people.2)I’d like to know the reason why the milk is _______________ in this area now.13.survive 【原句背誦】______________________________________________survive from sth:從…存活下來/生存下來 survive on sth: 靠…維持生活survive sth:艱難度過/挺過…  n. survivor 幸存者  survival: 幸存，存活1)     Some strange customs _____________________________(有些奇怪的風俗是從早年留存下來的)2）I can’t __________________$40 a week.3) Many birds didn’t ____________________________ (很多鳥死于寒冬)14.crash【原句背誦】______________________________________________Vt.&vi. crash a car/bus:撞汽車/公共汽車 crash into/onto…撞到…n.a car/plane crash: 撞車事故/飛機失事  with a crash: 轟隆一聲1) A lot of passengers were killed in __________________(很多旅客在火車相撞事故中喪生了)2)The car _________________ a big stone and burst into flames.3) The tree fell_______________ all of a sudden.(突然，那棵樹嘩啦一聲倒了下來)15.calm【原句背誦】______________________________________________adj. stay/keep/remain calm:保持鎮(zhèn)靜 v. calm (sb.) down: (使某人)平靜下來，鎮(zhèn)靜下來1)Moved by what she said, he could hardly ______________________.2)The child was crying, so the nurse had got to give him some toys to_______________________.3)Don’t be nervous! _________________(保持鎮(zhèn)靜)even when you are in the face of danger.辨析：calm, still, quiet, silent1)     You should stay _______________ even in an emergency.2)     Could you keep the kids ____________ while I’m on the phone?3)     Keep______________. The photographer is ready.4)     He was ____________for a moment, and then began his answer.16.aidn. first aid: 急救  first aid kit 急救箱 come to one’s aid: 幫某人的忙 in aid of…為了幫助…  with the aid/help of…在…的幫助下v. aid sb. in (doing) sth/with sth: 幫助某人(做)某事 aid sb. to do sth1)They ______________________________________ the new environment.(他們幫我適應新的環(huán)境)2）____________________ the computer, he worked out the problem.3)The president approved (批準) the plan__________________ these homeless children.4)The girl is badly injured. You’d better _________________________(對…實施急救) her before taking her to hospital.17.wave n. a wave of:一陣  v. wave goodbye to sb.: 向某人揮手道別1)She was so angry that she didn’t _______________________us.2)The news set off _____________________panic(驚慌).18.strike: struck, struckWrite down the meaning of the word “strike” in the following sentences:1)     The visitors were struck by the beauty of the West lake.________________2)     That area was struck by a snowstorm.______________________3)     When the clock strikes six, the children go home for dinner._________________-4)     They were on strike for higher pays._____________________5)     As I watched them, an idea struck me.____________________19.deliver: 【原句背誦】______________________________________________deliver sth (to sb.):遞送/傳送某物給某人  deliver a speech: 發(fā)表演講 deliver a baby :接生  be delivered of a baby=give birth to a baby: 生孩子n. delivery1)Our headmaster _______________________________yesterday.(我們的校長昨天發(fā)表了一個鼓舞人心的演講)2） You promised to ____________the goods ________us, but we haven’t seen any of them yet.20. power【原句背誦】_________________________________________n. have the power to do sth:具有做某事的能力 out of/beyond one’s power:超出某人的能力 come to power: 上臺/執(zhí)政 nuclear/ wind/ solar power 核/風/太陽能a power failure: 停電v. 驅(qū)動，推動（機器或車輛） adj. powerful  強有力的，強大的1)As is known to all,____________________________(知識就是力量2) With years’ hard practice, he now ______________________ the action perfectly.3)The aircraft is powered by a jet plane.(英譯漢)__________________________4）A strong and_______________ China will certainly benefit the whole world.Part2: phrases:1. as if【原句背誦】______________________________________________as if 引導方式狀語從句，從句可用陳述語氣 ，但更常用的是as if 引導的從句用虛擬語氣，表示所述的情況與事實不符，as if 從句的謂語構(gòu)成如下:如與現(xiàn)在事實不符,從句謂語用過去式（be 動詞用were）， 與過去事實不符， had+過去分詞；與將來事實不符，would/could/might+動詞原形It seemed as if +從句：看來好像   as if to do sth:好像要做某事1)     Look at the dark clouds in the sky! ___________________________(看起來好像要下雨)2)     He treats me as if I _________(be) his own daughter.3)     He kept working as if nothing_________________(happen).4)     He opened his mouth ____________________________(好像要說什么)2.sweep away【原句背誦】_________________________________________sweep sth away: 消滅，徹底消除 sweep up: 清掃，打掃 sweep sb. up: 一把抱起某人  sweep sth aside: 對…置之不理，不理會 1)     Doubts have been _______________________.2)     The old man was ________________as I left the building.3)     All their advice was _________________________.4)     The father swept the little girl up into his arms.(英譯漢) __________________________________________________________3. on hand【原句背誦】_________________________________________on hand 現(xiàn)有（尤指幫助）at hand:在手邊，很快發(fā)生的 by hand 用手工 hand in hand 手拉手，密切聯(lián)系v. hand in:交上 hand out:分發(fā)  hand over:移交1)     I’m sorry we don’t have any of the kind _______________.(我們目前沒有這種東西)2)     I always keep a dictionary _______________.3)     Technology and business strategy go __________________(相輔相成)4)     I’m supposed to ________________________yesterday.(昨天我就應該把我的作業(yè)交上去)Part3: sentence patterns:Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.looking for place to hide: 現(xiàn)在分詞短語做伴隨狀語 1) He sat at the desk ________________(讀小說)2) They left the classroom,_______________________(又唱又跳)2.Water, food and electricity were hard to get.主語+be +adj.+to do 句型，該句型中的形容詞多為表示主語的性質(zhì)、特征的詞，如easy, difficult, hard, comfortable, important等,使用時要注意以下幾點：1）  句子的主語和動詞不定式是被動關(guān)系，不定式主動形式表被動含義2）  該句子的主語和動詞不定式構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系3）如果動詞不定式是不及物動詞，在不定式動詞后加上適當?shù)慕樵~4）動詞不定式有時有自己的邏輯主語1) 這個人很容易相處_____________________________________2)這個房子住起來很舒服__________________________________3)The lecture was hard _____________________________(那個講座對于他們來說很難理解)3. Thousands of children were left without parents.leave sb. +賓語補足語（介詞短語/名詞/形容詞/副詞/分詞/不定式）“使某人處于…”1)     One more question and I’ll leave you in peace.(英譯漢) _____________________________________________2)     What you said _________________________(你說的話使我們陷入沉思)3)     Don’t _______________________ outside in the rain.(別讓她在外面雨里一直等)4. I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.be doing…when…正在做…這時…be about to do…when…./be on the point of doing…when…:正要做…這時had (just)done… when…:剛做完…這時1)_____________________________________someone broke in.(我們正在開會，突然有人闖了進來)2) We ___________________________________ it began to rain.(我們正打算動身，這時天下起雨來)3) I___________________________ the telephone rang.(我剛剛上床睡覺，這時電話鈴響了)5. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.The army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.定語從句練習1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday.  A. that    B. who   C. whom    D. this2. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher.  A. who m   B. which   C. who    D. /3. The girl _____ you saw in the street is Mary.  A. that    B. whose   C. which    D. as4. Is this the factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday?  A. the one   B. which   C. who    D. whom5. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.  A. which   B. that   C. /     D. it6. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police.  A. which   B. in which  C. that    D. all7. _____ cleans the blackboard should be praised.  A. That    B. Who   C. The one who  D. The students who8. Please show me the book _____ you bought yesterday.  A. which   B. whom   C. whose    D. this9.This is the best book _____ I have been looking for all this year.  A. who    B. whom   C. which    D. /10. The man _____ was here just now is a doctor.  A. whom   B. who   C. /     D. he11. The boy _____ has two lovely dogs.  A. who live next door     B. which lives next door  C. whom lives next door    D. that lives next door12. Those _____ made no mistakes in today’s exercises please raise your hands.  A. which   B. whom   C. that    D. who13. Is this the shop _____ sells children’s clothing?  A. which   B. where   C. in which  D. what14. He is the most careful boy _____ I know.  A. what   B. which   C. as    D. ./  15. October 1, 1949 is the day _____ we’ll never forget.  A. when    B. that   C. where   D. in which 

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