北大附中惠新校區(qū)2022—2023學(xué)年上學(xué)期高二年級(jí)期中考試英 語第一部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Throughout my life, I have met diverse people in various places. The    1    that I have made with these people have affected my life a lot. However, Mrs. Ostrenko's    2    takes priority over the others’ influences in my life.Mrs. Ostrenko was my eleventh grade English teacher. She shows that being a teacher is not about teaching but also    3    someone’s life, whether it is significant or trivial.“My greatest joy is seeing my    4    succeed,” said Mrs. Ostrenko on the first day of class. Not all students come to school excited to learn, but Ostrenko is the type of teacher that has the ability to make her class    5    and memorable. Not only did I learn more about English in one quarter from her class than I learned in my first two years of high school, but her influence allowed me to    6    in all my other classes as well.Mrs. Ostrenko may look like any other lady but what lies beneath the surface is an enthusiastic soul with perseverance that    7    those around her. Having taught for over ten years, she is still able to find the joy in    8   and remains as enthusiastic as ever about the topic she teaches. Her willpower and self-sacrificing    9    encourage me with the strength to overcome everyday obstacles. Her passion for teaching is evident in every single lesson she teaches, which inspires me to seek the same kind of    10    in my class as a teacher.She is more than just an inspiration; she is a mentor who has taught me the importance of education.1. A. relationships    B. appointments    C. decisions    D. troubles2. A. promise    B. impact     C. selection   D. direction3. A. giving    B. risking     C. saving    D. changing4. A. partners    B. teachers    C. students   D. colleagues5. A. scaring        B. confusing     C. exciting    D. embarrassing6. A. improve     B. relax      C. play     D. question7. A. disturbs     B. inspires    C. annoys   D. amuses8. A. decorating   B. communicating   C. dressing   D. teaching9. A. abilities     B. words     C. skills     D. spirits10. A. passion    B. wisdom     C. property   D. ambition第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AIn reality, some millionaires still worry about money after they achieve their goals and get rich. If they want to continue their    11    (wealth) life, they have to work hard to make money to ensure the sense of success they    12    (achieve) so far. It is believed by most people    13    they will be free of worries and live    14 (comfortable) after earning enough money.BYears ago, Jason was a college professor with a big house. But    15    (know) that many people were living in poor conditions, he felt guilty. Jason decided to tum his back    16    his fortune by giving his money to    17    (charity) and helping homeless people.CDoing    18    we do as athletes sets us apart because we are willing to do that extra little bit that might take us to    19    top. It is certainly not a balanced way to live and it is certainly not normal but those words are generally not used for anyone   20    is striving for greatness.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A Why Do Mockingbirds Copy?Mockingbirds live in North and South America. They are good copycats. They imitate other birds. But they can also imitate other animals. They can even make sounds like a piano or car alarm. Mockingbirds learn to sing many songs. Some learn more than 200 different songs. They can often trick people! But mockingbirds can’t trick other birds. If they can’t trick other birds, why do they copy sounds? They do it to attract and avoid other birds!Males are loud singers, and they sing many songs. They always sing when they want to meet females. A male bird can sing most of the day and night. The singing attracts females. But it also keeps away other males. The longer a mockingbird lives, the more songs it knows. To show this characteristic, the male mockingbird sings all the songs it knows. A female mockingbird is attracted to a male who has lived a long time.Mockingbirds usually sing short songs. They sing each sound several times. Then they move to the next sound. Female mockingbirds sing softly and less often than males. They usually sing at their nests in the winter to keep away other birds. When another bird comes near, the mockingbird makes a loud noise to frighten it. It’s amazing that the mockingbird can copy so many songs of other birds. Some songs are not easy to learn. The mockingbird must listen well to imitate the sounds. But a mockingbird also has good eyes and a good memory. When a person comes near its nest, the mockingbird remembers that person. It knows that person’s face after many years!21. Mockingbirds are special because they can ______.A. create songs   B. copy sounds   C. remember other birds   D. understand human's words22. Female mockingbirds sing at their nests in the winter to ______.A. scare other birds  B. practise the songs  C. warn human beings    D. attract male birds23. What is the purpose of this passage?A. To recommend a course on birdlife.   B. To call on people to protect birds.C. To give advice on feeding birds.   D. To introduce an interesting birdBThe Printing PressWhat do you think is the most important invention in the last 1000 years? Is it the light bulb or the Internet? Many people say that it is the printing press, a machine that allows us to print copies of books and documents. But why is the printing press so important?Before the printing press，books were copied by hand. Ancient Roman book publishers sometimes sold as many as 5,000 copies of a book that had been copied by slaves （奴隸）. But copying a book took so much time and was so expensive that often only a few copies of each book were made. As a result，usually only a small percentage of the population learned to read and owned books.In 1450, a goldsmith named Johannes Gutenberg in Germany invented the modern printing press. The impact of his machine is sometimes compared to the invention of the Internet. Although ancient Chinese people invented paper in 105 AD and used woodblock printing before 200 AD，Gutenberg's printing press was easy to use with languages that had alphabetic scripts （字母體系）. After 1450, thousands of copies of a popular book or newspaper could be made quickly and cheaply. Books and newspapers with ideas and images from all over the world went into the market for the wide public.Knowledge is power. Reading has brought about amazing changes in science, technology and politics. We have learned how to create wealth and even travel to far-away worlds. The computer, cellphone, and Internet have grown, because billions of powerful readers were created by the printing press.From 1450 on, more and more people have become readers. These billions of readers are powerful, and they help the world to make progress at a fast speed.24. Not many people read in ancient Rome because they had _____________. A. few books to read    B. little time to read C. no money for books    D. no interest in books25. The modern printing press is sometimes compared to the Internet due to its ________. A. low cost      B. common useC. great influence     D. rapid development26. What is mainly discussed about the printing press in the last two paragraphs? A. The progress.    B. The future.    C. The contribution.    D. The function.COnce when I was facing a decision that involved high risk, I went to a friend. He looked at me for a moment, and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice I’ve ever had: Be bold and brave — and mighty （強(qiáng)大的） forces will come to your aid.Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the past, it was seldom because I had tried and failed. It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all. On the other hand, whenever I had plunged into deep water, forced by courage or circumstance, I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again.Boldness means a decision to bite off more than you are sure you can eat. And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces. They are potential powers we possess: energy, skill, sound judgment, creative ideas — even physical strength greater than most of us realize.Admittedly, those mighty forces are spiritual ones. But they are more important than physical ones. A college classmate of mine, Tim, was an excellent football player, even though he weighed much less than the average player. “In one game I suddenly found myself confronting a huge player, who had nothing but me between him and our goal line,” said Tim. “I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet (?彈） — and stopped him cold.”Boldness — a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme — is not one that can be acquired overnight. But it can be taught to children and developed in adults. Confidence builds up. Surely, there will be setbacks （挫折） and disappointments in life; boldness in itself is no guarantee （保證） of success. But the person who tries to do something and fails is a lot better off than the person who tries to do nothing and succeeds.So, always try to live a little bit beyond your abilities — and you’ll find your abilities are greater than you ever dreamed.27. Why was the author sometimes unable to reach his goal in the past? A. He faced huge risks.       B. He lacked mighty forces. C. Fear prevented him from trying.    D. Failure blocked his way to success. 28. What is the implied meaning of the underlined part? A. Swallow more than you can digest.    B. Act slightly above your abilities. C. Develop more mysterious powers.    D. Learn to make creative decisions. 29. What was especially important for Tim’s successful defense in the football game? A. His physical strength.   B. His basic skill.   C. His real fear.   D. His spiritual force. 30. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? A. To encourage people to be courageous.    B. To advise people to build up physical power. C. To tell people the ways to guarantee success.   D. To recommend people to develop more abilities.第二節(jié)（每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock.    31    Here is how to make one.?    32    In order to make a change, you need to decide why it’s important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.?Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags.    33    That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.?Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found.    34   ?Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record.    35    If not, take another look at other methods you could try.A. Get a sleep specialist. B. Find the right motivation. C. A better plan for sleep can help. D. And consider setting a second alarm. E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up. F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day. G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee. 第三部 分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，滿分20分）第一節(jié) 閱讀表達(dá)（共4小題；第36、37題各兩分，第38題2分，第39題4分，共10分）Balancing Trees and CO2Tree planting used to be regarded as an effective means of reducing climate change. Perhaps it’s time for us to rethink this practice. Trees pull CO2 from the air. This effectively removes CO2 from the atmosphere. But trees only hold onto CO2 as long as they’re alive. Once they die, trees decay （腐爛） and release that CO2 back into the atmosphere. Recent studies have found that trees around the world are growing faster than ever. The rise of CO2, mainly due to burning fossil fuels, is probably driving that rapid growth, said Roel Brienen, a forest ecologist at the University of Leeds, UK. High levels of CO2 are increasing temperatures, which in turn speeds tree growth in those areas, he added.The faster trees grow, the faster they store carbon. It seems like good news. However, it is known that fast-growing tree species, in general, live shorter lives than their slow-growing relatives.In order to see whether the growth-lifespan trade-off (?長(zhǎng)與壽命之間的權(quán)衡） is a universal phenomenon, Brienen and his colleagues analyzed over 210,000 individual tree ring records of 110 tree species from more than 79,000 sites worldwide. They found that, in almost all habitats and all sites, faster-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species, and even within a species, the trade-off between growth and lifespan held strong.The team also created a computer program that modeled a forest and tweaked （微量調(diào)整） the growth of the trees in this model. Early on, it showed that “the forest could hold more carbon as the trees grew faster”, Brienen reported. But after 20 years, these trees started dying and losing this extra carbon again. “We must understand that the only solution to bringing down CO2 levels is to stop emitting （排放） it into the atmosphere,” said Brienen.36. What does “this practice” in Para.1 refer to? _______________________________________________________________________________________________37. Why are trees around the world growing faster than ever?_______________________________________________________________________________________________38. Read the following statement, underline the false part of it and explain the reason. The team has found that the faster trees grow, the faster they store CO2, and the longer lives they live.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________39. Please briefly present what you can do in daily life to reduce the emission of CO2. (In about 40 words)_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)  寫作（10分）40.假如你是高二學(xué)生李華，你校下周三將舉辦一場(chǎng)以"The person I admire most"為題的演講比賽，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容寫一篇演講稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.介紹你所敬佩的人的經(jīng)歷；2.你從他/她身上學(xué)到什么。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 基礎(chǔ)落實(shí)一、短語填空（每題1分，共10分）41發(fā)跡，出人頭地 42以…的方式生活 43成功的象征 44有清晰的目標(biāo) 45雜交水稻之父 46說服我讀這本書 47把自己推到極致 48愿意多付出額外的一點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 49巨大的動(dòng)力和決心 50對(duì)…念念不忘 二、句子翻譯（每題2分，共10分）51阿里巴巴不僅成為了世界上最大的在線銷售公司，還改變了人們的購物習(xí)慣。 52他想知道他的優(yōu)勢(shì)在哪。 53袁隆平畢生致力于水稻生產(chǎn)。 54歸根結(jié)底：我天生就是個(gè)特別有干勁兒和意志力的人。 55但這就是我的做事風(fēng)格，不管做什么我都會(huì)全力以赴。  北大附中惠新校區(qū)2022—2023學(xué)年高二年級(jí)暑假開學(xué)檢測(cè)英 語答案完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）1-5 ABDCC  6-10 ABDDA語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）11.wealthy 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：名詞變形容詞  12.have achieved 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)13.that 主語從句 14.comfortably詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：形容詞變副詞 15.knowing 非謂語動(dòng)詞：動(dòng)名詞  16.on 介詞17.charities 單復(fù)數(shù) 18.what 賓語從句 19.the 冠詞  20.who 定語從句閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）A篇  21-23 BAD    B篇  24-26 ACC   C篇  27-30 CBDA第二節(jié)閱讀理解31-35 CBGFE【解析】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹早上容易醒來的關(guān)鍵在于重新調(diào)整生物鐘，對(duì)睡眠有個(gè)好的規(guī)劃將大有裨益。然后講述了制定規(guī)劃的幾種方法。31.C。此句為過渡句。承上啟下，根據(jù)下文 “Here is how to make one.”可知，此處表示對(duì)睡眠有個(gè)好的規(guī)劃將大有裨益。one相當(dāng)于上文的a better plan。32.B。此句為主題句。首先形式上要與第二個(gè)標(biāo)題“Rethink mornings.”相一致，然后根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容“你是為了起床和家庭共進(jìn)早餐、晨練，還是為了更好地休息，為一天做好準(zhǔn)備？一旦明確了你的理由，告訴你的家人或室友你想要做的改變。”可知，此處應(yīng)為B項(xiàng)。33.G。此句為過渡句。根據(jù)下文“That's a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.”可知，重新考慮排隊(duì)等待咖啡的15分鐘時(shí)間，如果你買一個(gè)定時(shí)咖啡壺，你就可以多享受15分鐘的睡眠了。34.F。此句為概括句。根據(jù)上文可知，周六美美地補(bǔ)一覺是不錯(cuò)，但研究表明，這樣會(huì)影響下周的睡眠。因此，不管白天是否休息，都要遵守你的作息時(shí)間。35.E。此句為過渡句。根據(jù)下文“If not，take another look at other methods you could try.”可知，嘗試了一種新方法一周后，查看一下記錄，如果起作用就堅(jiān)持，不起作用就另尋他法。書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，20分）第一節(jié)閱讀表達(dá)（共4小題；第36、37題各兩分，第38題2分，第39題4分，共10分）36.Planting trees to reduce climate change. /Tree planting is used to reduce climate change./Using tree planting to reduce climate change.37.Because of the rise of CO2 from burning fossil fuels. /Because of the rise of CO2./Because burning fossil fuels leads to the rise of CO2.38.The team has found that the faster trees grow，the faster they store CO2，and the longer lives they live.Because Berienen and his team found that faster-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species. /According to Berienen and his team's research，faster-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species./Because fast-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species.39.There are many things I can do to help. Firstly, I’ll take a reusable cloth bag and say no to plastic bags while shopping，for it can save energy and reduce pollution. Secondly, when I go somewhere, I’ll choose public transportation instead of private cars to reduce the emission of CO2.第二節(jié)寫作表達(dá)（共10分）40.略

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