?UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES
(滿分：120分　建議用時(shí)：120分鐘)　
第一部分　閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)　
第一節(jié)　(共15小題；每小題2．5分， 滿分37.5分)　
A　
(2022·全國(guó)新高考Ⅰ卷)　
Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature　
Grading Scale　
90－100，A; 80－89，B; 70－79，C; 60－69，D; Below 60，E．　
Essays (60%)　
Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1＝10%; Essay 2＝15%; Essay 3＝15%; Essay 4＝20%.
Group Assignments (30%)　
Students will work in groups to complete four assignments(作業(yè)) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard，our online learning and course management system.
Daily Work/In－Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%)　
Class activities will vary from day to day，but students must be ready to complete short in－class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class’ lecture/discussion，so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally，from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home，both of which will be graded.
Late Work　
An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date，it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.
(　　)1．Where is this text probably taken from?
A．A textbook. B．An exam paper.
C．A course plan. D．An academic article.
(　　)2．How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of?
A．Two. B．Three.
C．Four. D．Five.
(　　)3．What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date?
A．You will receive a zero. B．You will lose a letter grade.
C．You will be given a test. D．You will have to rewrite it.
【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了文學(xué)概論課程評(píng)分辦法。
1．C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature (文學(xué)概論課程評(píng)分辦法)”和Essays (60%)部分“Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course (你的四篇主要文章將構(gòu)成本課程評(píng)分的主要部分)…”可知，文章介紹了文學(xué)概論課程評(píng)分辦法，可得出本文是出自一個(gè)課程計(jì)劃。故選C項(xiàng)。
2．B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)黑體小標(biāo)題“Essays (60%)”“Group Assignments (30%)”和“Daily Work/In－Class Writings and Tests/Groups Work/Homework (10%)”可知，學(xué)生的最終成績(jī)由三部分組成。故選B項(xiàng)。
3．A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Late Work”部分“If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date，it will earn a zero(如果沒(méi)有在截止日期后的第4天上交，將會(huì)得到零分). ”可知，如果在截止日期后一周才交文章，你將會(huì)得零分。故選A項(xiàng)。
B　
Now more than 40 million foreigners around the world are learning Chinese, according to a report. The relationship between the United States and China is becoming more and more important in the world. This has really influenced the growth of Chinese language learning in the US.
I am Chris from the United States. I am one of the many people who are learning Chinese. I am studying at a Confucius Institute in New York. There are 10 students in our class. Some are over thirty years old. Some are middle school students. Our teacher comes from Beijing. He is fun and often tells us interesting things in China.
I think Chinese is difficult to learn. The biggest challenge for American learners is the writing. Chinese is completely different from any other language in the world. It will take me a lot of time to learn enough Chinese characters. But I think there are many benefits of spending time in learning Chinese. One important benefit is that it makes me see things from a different point of view, because Chinese is such a different language from English. I think for American students the most important benefit is that learning a challenging language can open up their eyes.
(　　)4．From the passage we know that ________.
A．Chris is an American B．Chris is thirty years old
C．Chris has been to China D．Chris is in China now　
(　　)5．________ is the most difficult thing of the language for foreigners according to the writer.
A．Listening B．Speaking
C．Reading D．Writing　
(　　)6．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A．More than 40 million Americans are learning Chinese.
B．Chris’ Chinese teacher is a Chinese.
C．Chris thinks there are few benefits of learning Chinese.
D．Most foreigners don’t think it’s difficult to learn Chinese.
(　　)7．The last paragraph is mainly about ________.
A．the differences between Chinese and other languages
B．the reason for learning Chinese
C．ways of learning Chinese
D．the challenges and benefits of learning Chinese　
【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文介紹了一個(gè)美國(guó)人克里斯正在學(xué)漢語(yǔ)的情況，講述了他學(xué)漢語(yǔ)遇到的困難和他認(rèn)為學(xué)漢語(yǔ)的好處。
4．A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句話 “I am Chris from the United States. ”可以得知，克里斯是一個(gè)美國(guó)人，故A項(xiàng)正確。
5．D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“The biggest challenge for American learners is the writing. ”可知，答案為D。
6．B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句話中的“… more than 40 million foreigners… ”可知，A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第二段最后兩句話可知B正確；根據(jù)第二段中的“But I think there are many benefits of spending time in learning Chinese. ”可知C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)最后一段第一句話可知D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。
7．D　段落大意題。通讀最后一段可知，最后一段講述了學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)的挑戰(zhàn)和益處。
C　
If you think English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?
According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.
The study also found the earlier people learn a second language, the greater the effect is.
A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London(UCL), took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals(懂兩種語(yǔ)言的人)”， who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that grey matter density in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference was.
“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language，” said the scientists.
It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills.
“Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible，” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas. ”　
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34．Reading, writing and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the earlier they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world，” explained the scientists.
(　　)8．What does the underlined part “grey matter” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Grey hair. B．Material of the brain.
C．Intelligence. D．Difficult situations.
(　　)9．The experience of learning a second language can ________.
A．change one’s brain completely B．improve one’s maths skills　
C．make one smarter than others D．increase the ability to learn　
(　　)10．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．the researchers from UCL did another study in Italy　
B．a(chǎn) similar study was done on native Italian speakers who learn English as a second language　
C．the research done on the Italians showed a totally different result　
D．it will be easier for one to travel around the world by learning a second language　
(　　)11．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．Learning a second language can help improve your brain power.
B．You should learn a second language that is not your native language.
C．If you want to learn a second language, you should do it at a certain age.
D．The research done by the researchers from UCL is very successful.
【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。通過(guò)種種研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言可以讓人變得更聰明，學(xué)習(xí)能力也更強(qiáng)。
8．B　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)短文第二段可知，這種灰色物質(zhì)屬于大腦加工信息的區(qū)域。
9．D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第七段中的“It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn. ”可知，學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言可以提高人們學(xué)習(xí)的能力。
10．B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文的最后一段可知，研究者的發(fā)現(xiàn)在一項(xiàng)針對(duì)會(huì)第二種語(yǔ)言的本土意大利人身上得到印證。
11．A　主旨大意題。根據(jù)短文第二段第一句可知，選項(xiàng)A為最佳答案。
D　
(2022·全國(guó)高考甲卷)Sometime in the early 1960s，a significant thing happened in Sydney，Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then，one after another，Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there—broad parks，superb beaches，and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds，a cheerful fellow in his early 30s，pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine，and we went our separate ways—he for a lunch break，I to explore the city.
“I’ll miss these old boats，” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean？” I asked.
“Oh，they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster，but they’re not so elegant，and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress，I guess. ”　
Everywhere in Sydney these days，change and progress are the watchwords(口號(hào))，and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald，the city’s official historian，told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s，Sydney swept aside much of its past，including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself，” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving(解決). ”　
On the other hand，being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country，” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians，when they came to Australia，brought 2，000 years of their culture，the Greeks some 3，000 years，and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat. ”　
He is right，but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
(　　)12．What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A．Sydney’s striking architecture.
B．The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C．The key to Sydney’s development.
D．Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
(　　)13．What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds?
A．He goes to work by boat. B．He looks forward to a new life.
C．He pilots catamarans well. D．He is attached to the old ferries.
(　　)14．What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney?
A．It is losing its traditions. B．It should speed up its progress.
C．It should expand its population. D．It is becoming more international.
(　　)15．Which statement will the author probably agree with?
A．A city can be young and old at the same time.
B．A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C．Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D．Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過(guò)作者和悉尼人士的交流介紹了悉尼發(fā)展中面臨的問(wèn)題。
12．C　主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Sometime in the early 1960s，a significant thing happened in Sydney，Australia. The city discovered its harbor(20世紀(jì)60年代初，澳大利亞悉尼發(fā)生了一件大事。這座城市發(fā)現(xiàn)了它的港口). ”以及“But it is the harbor that makes the city(但是是港口造就了城市). ”可知，本段主要介紹了悉尼發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵是港口。故選C項(xiàng)。
13．D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Andrew Reynolds，a cheerful fellow in his early 30s，pilot Sydney ferryboats for a living(30歲出頭的Andrew Reynolds是個(gè)快樂(lè)的小伙子，他在悉尼擔(dān)任渡輪領(lǐng)航員為生). ”第三段中的“I’ll miss these old boats(我會(huì)想念這些舊船的). ”以及第五段中的“Catamarans are faster，but they’re not so elegant，and they’re not fun to pilot(游艇更快，但它們不那么優(yōu)雅，駕駛起來(lái)也不有趣). ”可知，渡輪領(lǐng)航員Andrew Reynolds喜歡老式渡船。故選D項(xiàng)。
14．A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“Shirley Fitzgerald，the city’s official historian，told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s，Sydney swept aside much of its past，including many of its finest buildings(悉尼的官方歷史學(xué)家Shirley Fitzgerald告訴我，在20世紀(jì)70年代奔向現(xiàn)代化的過(guò)程中，悉尼把很多它的過(guò)去都拋在了一邊，包括許多最漂亮的建筑). ”可推知，Shirley Fitzgerald認(rèn)為悉尼匆忙奔向現(xiàn)代化，正在失去它的傳統(tǒng)。故選A項(xiàng)。
15．A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“On the other hand，being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony(另一方面，同時(shí)既年輕又古老也有它的魅力。當(dāng)我遇到一位深思熟慮的年輕商人Anthony時(shí)，我考慮到了這一點(diǎn)). ”以及最后一段中的“He is right”可推知，作者贊同Anthony的觀點(diǎn)，認(rèn)為一座城市可以同時(shí)既年輕又古老。故選A項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2．5分， 滿分12．5分)　
Reasons for Studying Abroad　
Have you considered studying abroad, but are not sure whether it’s worth your time? If you ask anybody who has studied abroad, he or she will most certainly tell you that it is a life－changing experience and one of the most rewarding things he or she has ever done. __16__
__17__ If you don’t talk with native speakers, if you don’t suffer from the awkward language－barrier situations that fill the study－abroad experience, you’re never going to be truly fluent. That said, you can also spend a whole year abroad chatting only with other English speakers. If you’re not uncomfortable, you’re doing it wrong.
Ah, globalization. Governments find it increasingly difficult to ignore challenges. __18__ The Internet slowly dissolves the boundaries on maps. Even the small start－up in your hometown prefers bilingual employees. If you want to stand out in today’s job market, an international perspective is critical.
Studying abroad is not a short－term experience. __19__ You’ll know this country, learn to speak its language and gain an appreciation for its people. Back home, you’ll look for films from there, for restaurants that serve its dishes, for books by its authors. You’ll come alive when it’s mentioned on the news or when you hear a piece of its language on the street. You have lived in it，and it will continue to live in you.
Even the most open－minded students who are studying abroad will be unable to avoid comparing their host country with their home country. __20__ If you’re feeling bored about where you come from, being away will awaken you to all the ways that home is pretty great.
A．And sometimes, home just wins.
B．It will shape you for the rest of your life.
C．Studying abroad can be difficult but also greatly rewarding.
D．Transnational corporations chase markets across the planet.
E．You can study a language from junior high school to college graduation and never gain fluency.
F．There’s no quicker way to discomfort your host or kill a new friendship than to turn down the food they offer to share with you.
G．Here are several reasons for studying abroad that might just convince you that studying abroad is the best thing you can do while in college.
【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文為說(shuō)明文，主要講述了出國(guó)留學(xué)的四大理由。
16．G　第一段是導(dǎo)入段，本文主要講述了出國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)的幾大理由，故G項(xiàng)符合文章大意。
17．E　第二段主要講述了出國(guó)留學(xué)的最大好處——會(huì)讓你真正流利地使用所學(xué)的語(yǔ)言，故E項(xiàng)符合題意。
18．D　經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化是趨勢(shì)，各國(guó)的企業(yè)和公司需要雙語(yǔ)人才，D項(xiàng)“跨國(guó)公司在全球爭(zhēng)奪市場(chǎng)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。
19．B　根據(jù)本段第一句和下文的“Back home，you’ll look for…”可知，留學(xué)的經(jīng)歷和影響會(huì)伴隨你的一生，故B項(xiàng)符合題意。
20．A　留學(xué)生會(huì)把留學(xué)所在國(guó)與自己的祖國(guó)進(jìn)行比較，有時(shí)，祖國(guó)會(huì)勝出，故A項(xiàng)符合題意。
第二部分　語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)　
第一節(jié)　(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)　
As a whale researcher, Nan Hauser has been awarded the international title of “Earth Ambassador”. While many local people had heard of this __21__, it was an encounter(邂逅) that would make her known worldwide.
One day in 2017, Nan was shooting some videos with the whales, when the most remarkable thing __22__. As she swam alongside them, they began to display __23__ signs that danger was near. Suddenly, she saw a whale swim towards her at full speed. Just as __24__ hit, one of the whales used its fin to push Nan onto its back and out of range of … not a whale but a tiger shark.
After the shark disappeared, the whale __25__ accompanied Nan back to her boat. She climbed aboard and yelled her appreciation to the __26__. After a few minutes, the whale disappeared, and Nan said goodbye, feeling __27__ for this lifetime encounter.
Almost a year later, Nan received a call from a fisherman saying that he __28__ whales in the harbor. Could her whalefriend have __29__? She jumped onto a boat quickly. Nan instantly __30__ her friend, and dived into the water to swim with him.
After Nan’s encounter, she __31__ with how best she could thank the whale. After all, its __32__ to hug something much larger than you. So what’s the most __33__ way to thank a whale? It’s by caring, learning more about them, and __34__ their habitat. As for us, we can help in small ways. For example, __35__ singleuse plastics will make a difference.
(　　)21．A．chemist　 B．physicist　　　　C．geologist　　　　D．biologist　
(　　)22．A．happened B．a(chǎn)pproached
C．bust D．escaped　
(　　)23．A．rescuing B．warning
C．waiting D．recommending　
(　　)24．A．excitement B．panic
C．surprise D．disappointment　
(　　)25．A．really B．clearly
C．safely D．rudely　
(　　)26．A．woman B．boat
C．shark D．whale　
(　　)27．A．proud B．grateful
C．hopeful D．pitiful　
(　　)28．A．spotted B．pleased
C．targeted D．tracked　
(　　)29．A．welcomed B．suffered
C．returned D．refreshed　
(　　)30．A．waved B．greeted
C．realized D．recognized　
(　　)31．A．combined B．struggled
C．a(chǎn)rgued D．connected　
(　　)32．A．pretty B．funny
C．tricky D．vital　
(　　)33．A．influential B．particular
C．logical D．incredible　
(　　)34．A．creating B．protecting
C．surrounding D．establishing　
(　　)35．A．donating B．exchanging
C．throwing D．a(chǎn)bandoning　
【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了海洋生物學(xué)家Nan Hauser與一頭鯨魚(yú)之間的故事。過(guò)去30年，她見(jiàn)過(guò)無(wú)數(shù)頭鯨魚(yú)，但有一頭鯨魚(yú)在她心里始終有個(gè)特殊的位置。
21．D　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文的“As a whale researcher”和下文的內(nèi)容可知，Nan Hauser是一位海洋生物學(xué)家，與一頭鯨魚(yú)的偶遇讓她聞名于世。故選D項(xiàng)。
22．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。在2017年的一天，正當(dāng)她在海中拍攝鯨魚(yú)時(shí)，發(fā)生了不同尋常的事。故選A項(xiàng)。
23．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的“that danger was near”和“Suddenly, she saw a whale swim towards her at full speed”可知，鯨魚(yú)發(fā)出了危險(xiǎn)迫近的警告信號(hào)。故選B項(xiàng)。
24．B　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的“hit”和“one of the whales used its fin to push Nan onto its back”可知，Nan Hauser心里感到非?？只?。故選B項(xiàng)。
25．C　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的“accompanied Nan back to her boat”可知，這頭鯨魚(yú)把她安全地護(hù)送回她的船上。故選C項(xiàng)。
26．D　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文的“yelled her appreciation”和下文的“feeling ________for this lifetime encounter”可知，鯊魚(yú)消失之后，她對(duì)這頭鯨魚(yú)大聲喊著感激的話。故選D項(xiàng)。
27．B　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)第一段的“it was an encounter(邂逅)that would make her known worldwide”和上文“yelled her appreciation to the________”可知，她對(duì)這次偶遇心存感恩，她也非常感激這頭鯨魚(yú)。故選B項(xiàng)。
28．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的“whales in the harbor”可知，當(dāng)?shù)貪O民打電話說(shuō)他看見(jiàn)海灣有鯨魚(yú)出沒(méi)。故選A項(xiàng)。spotted意為“認(rèn)出，發(fā)覺(jué)”。
29．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)上文的內(nèi)容可知，Nan Hauser在想：是不是救過(guò)她的那頭鯨魚(yú)回來(lái)了。故選C項(xiàng)。
30．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)上文的“She jumped onto a boat quickly. ”和“instantly”可知，Nan Hauser瞬間認(rèn)出了救她的那頭鯨魚(yú)。故選D項(xiàng)。
31．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可知，與那頭鯨魚(yú)相遇之后，Nan Hauser心里在想要如何感謝它。故選B項(xiàng)。struggle with意為“努力想”。
32．C　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的“to hug something much larger than you”可知，要想擁抱這頭鯨魚(yú)可得費(fèi)一番工夫，畢竟鯨魚(yú)比人的體格大得多。故選C項(xiàng)。tricky 意為“困難的”。
33．A　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的“It’s by caring，learning more about them, and________ their habitat. ”可知，Nan Hauser認(rèn)為感謝鯨魚(yú)最有影響力的辦法是多了解、呵護(hù)它們并保護(hù)好它們的棲息地。比較選項(xiàng)可知，A項(xiàng)符合。故選A項(xiàng)。influential意為“有影響力的”。
34．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)上題的解析可知，這里是指“呵護(hù)它們并保護(hù)好它們的棲息地”。故選B項(xiàng)。
35．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的“singleuse plastics will make a difference”可知，不使用一次性塑料將會(huì)有助于保護(hù)鯨魚(yú)。故選D項(xiàng)。abandoning意為“放棄，拋棄”。
第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1．5分， 滿分15分)　
(2023·云南玉溪高二檢測(cè))To change bad habits is never easy，even with many 36．________ (attempt). There is a famous saying 37．________(base) on the philosophy of Aristotle: “We are what we 38．________(repeat) do. ” In many ways，our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made. We make a choice to do something，and then we repeat it over and over again. Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much 39．________(hard) to change. The good news 40．________(be) that we can change，if we understand how habits work.
Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature? Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”，41．________ has two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man－made” greenhouse effect. The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact 42．________ heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short－wave radiation. The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere，such as methane and carbon dioxide，trap some of the heat, 43．________(keep) Earth’s climate warm and habitable. Without this process，Earth could not sustain life. However，the “man－made” greenhouse effect has now become a big problem. When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy 44．________(trap) in the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature 45．________ (rise) quickly.
【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了全球平均地表溫度上升的原因及過(guò)程，號(hào)召人們通過(guò)改變?nèi)粘Ａ?xí)慣來(lái)改善環(huán)境。
36．a(chǎn)ttempts　考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：改變壞習(xí)慣從來(lái)不是容易的，即使做了很多嘗試。根據(jù)句子中的many可知 ，此處需要使用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填attempts。
37．based　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：有一句出自亞里士多德哲學(xué)的名言。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，此處base為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞saying，因saying與base是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此需要使用過(guò)去分詞形式，故填based。
38．repeatedly　考查副詞。句意：我們不斷重復(fù)的行為造就了我們。根據(jù)所給句子可知，此處需要使用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞do，故填repeatedly。
39．harder　考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：很快，這種選擇就會(huì)自然而然地形成一種更難以改變的習(xí)慣。根據(jù)句子中的much及句意可知，此處表達(dá)比較級(jí)概念“更難改變”，故填harder。
40．is　考查主謂一致。句意：好消息是，如果我們了解習(xí)慣是如何起作用的，我們是可以改變的。根據(jù)句子主語(yǔ)news為不可數(shù)名詞可知，此處需要使用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單數(shù)形式，故填is。
41．which　考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：氣候?qū)W家經(jīng)常提到一個(gè)被稱為“溫室效應(yīng)”的關(guān)鍵氣候過(guò)程，它有兩個(gè)普通的含義。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，此處為關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為“greenhouse effect”，先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，因此需要使用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。
42．that　考查同位語(yǔ)從句。句意：自然溫室效應(yīng)指的是來(lái)自太陽(yáng)的熱量進(jìn)入大氣層，以短波輻射的形式使地球表面變暖。分析句子可知，此處需要使用連詞引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，用以解釋說(shuō)明主句中的fact。故填that。
43．keeping　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：大氣中的溫室氣體，如甲烷和二氧化碳，根據(jù)會(huì)留住一部分熱量，使地球氣候保持溫暖和宜居。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處keep為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)，因主語(yǔ)“greenhouse gases”與keep是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，因此需要使用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，故填keeping。
44．is trapped　考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：更多的熱能被困在大氣中，導(dǎo)致地球表面溫度迅速上升。根據(jù)句子主語(yǔ)“heat energy”與動(dòng)詞trap是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系可知，此處需要使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故填is trapped。
45．to rise　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：更多的熱能被困在大氣中，導(dǎo)致地球表面溫度迅速上升。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處rise為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)，結(jié)合短語(yǔ)“cause…to do…”意為“致使”可知，此處需要使用不定式，故填to rise。
第三部分　寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)， 滿分40分)　
第一節(jié)(滿分15分)　
假設(shè)你是學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華。一批來(lái)自英國(guó)的高中生與你校學(xué)生開(kāi)展了為期兩周的交流活動(dòng)?，F(xiàn)在，他們即將回國(guó)，你將在歡送會(huì)上致辭。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示寫(xiě)一篇發(fā)言稿。
內(nèi)容包括：　
1．回顧雙方的交流活動(dòng)(如學(xué)習(xí)、生活、體育、文藝等方面)；　
2．談?wù)勈斋@或感想；　
3．表達(dá)祝愿與期望。
注意：　
1．寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右，開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；　
2．請(qǐng)按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。
Dear friends，　
How time flies！__________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________　
Thank you.
Yours，　
Li Hua　
【答案】One possible version　
Dear friends，　
How time flies！ Two weeks have passed since you came to our school for the exchange programme, which we all have benefited from. During these two weeks, we have studied and lived together, which gives us the opportunity to promote our friendship. Doing sports as a team has enabled us to know each other better. Your art skills are excellent and admirable, which leaves me a deep impression. I think all our classmates have learned a lot from our communication and the various activities.
Now, on behalf of my schoolmates, I wish you a safe return. I also hope that there will be more events of this kind in the future.
Thank you.
Yours，　
Li Hua　
第二節(jié)(滿分25分)　
John was waiting for the girl whose heart he knew, but whose face he didn’t. Thirteen months ago, in a Florida library he took a book randomly off the shelf and took great interest in the notes in the margin(頁(yè)邊空白). The further he read, the more intrigued(著迷) he was by the notes. The soft handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and insightful and profound mind. John couldn’t help picturing in his mind what kind of people the owner would be.
In front of the book, he discovered the previous owner’s name, Miss Hollis Maynell. With extreme delight, he couldn’t contain his curiosity and spared a lot of time and effort to locate her address. Eventually and fortunately, all the efforts paid off. He wrote her a letter without any hesitation introducing himself and inviting her to respond.
During the following years the two grew to know each other through the mail, exchanging ideas covering all aspects ranging from classic works to current events, which brightened each other’s life handsomely. John once requested a photograph, but she refused. She felt that if he really cared, it wouldn’t matter what she looked like. Later they scheduled their first meeting—7：00 p. m. at Grand Central Station in New York. “You’ll recognise me，” she wrote, “by the red rose I’ll be wearing on my lapel(翻領(lǐng)). ” So at 7：00 he was in the station looking for the girl with the red rose.
A girl in a green suit was coming toward him, and she has black hair pulled tightly into a knot at the back of her head, her figure long and slim and her eyes amazingly charming blue, which quickened his heartbeat. Almost uncontrollably he made one step closer to her, with a strong voice yelling at the bottom of his heart but didn’t spot the red rose on her lapel. It was just at this moment that he saw Hollis Maynell—a woman well past 40, with a bright－coloured rose on her coat. The girl was walking quickly away.
注意：1．續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；　
2．請(qǐng)按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。
He felt as though he split(裂開(kāi)) in two, ______________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________　
The woman smiled, “I don’t know what this is about, son，”______________________ _______________________________________________________________________　
【答案】One possible version：　
He felt as though he split in two， so keen was his desire to follow the girl, and yet so deep was his longing for the woman whose spirit had truly been in the company with him and upheld his own. However, without a long hesitation, he squared his shoulders and said to the woman, “I’m John, and you must be Miss Maynell. I am so glad you could meet me! May I take you to dinner？”　
The woman smiled, “I don’t know what this is about, son，” she answered softly, “but the young lady in the green suit begged me to wear this rose on my coat. And she said if you were to ask me out to dinner, I should tell you that she is waiting for you in the restaurant across the street. She said it was some kind of test！” With his heart nearly full of wild delight, he straightened his back and headed directly to the restaurant.

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高中英語(yǔ)人教版 (2019)選擇性必修 第二冊(cè)電子課本

Unit 2 Bridging Cultures

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