高考英語二輪復習題型歸納與變式演練專題18根據(jù)邏輯關系，化解閱讀七選五（含解析）-試卷下載-教習網(wǎng)

?專題18 根據(jù)邏輯關系，化解閱讀七選五

一篇文章往往是一個有機的整體，各部分之間存在著一定的聯(lián)系。從邏輯意義上來看，句子之間常常有并列、遞進、順承、轉折、總分、解釋、因果、過渡、例證等關系，有時甚至包含不止一種關系。因此，理解閱讀七選五的閱讀材料時一定要把握文章脈絡，弄清其中的邏輯關系。如果文章或選項中出現(xiàn)了邏輯關系詞，考生就可以利用其來進行推理判斷；如果文中或選項中未出現(xiàn)邏輯關系詞，這就需要考生全面理解文章大意，根據(jù)上下文語境弄清文章內在的邏輯關系，并做出正確的判斷。
層級二
拉分題目分分搶
解答閱讀七選五的內在線索主要是指詞匯線索和邏輯線索，而詞匯線索主要包括關鍵詞復現(xiàn)和代詞指代兩種情況。這種題型需要考生仔細分析，抓住詞匯線索，把握邏輯關系。

年份
卷別
體裁
主題
設空位置
命題專家談高考
段首
段中
段尾
2022
新高考
卷Ⅰ
說明文
如何尋找健身伙伴
0
4
1
1.體裁以說明文為主，間或考查記敘文或議論文。主要圍繞人與自然、人與社會、人與自我三大主題。
2．傾向于不帶標題或段落小標題，但文章大都結構清晰。
3．設空位置以段中為主，從功能上來說主要考查：
(1)主旨概括句(文章整體內容)
(2)過渡性句子(文章結構)
(3)注釋性句子(上下文邏輯關系)
新高考II
說明文
寫文章的技巧
1
4
0
全國乙卷
說明文
五種維系異地友誼的方法
3
1
1
全國甲卷
說明文
外出就餐注意事項
1
3
1
2021
新高考
卷Ⅰ
記敘文
我和丈夫在巴黎一周的生活
1
4
0
新高考II
說明文
提高閱讀速度的建議
1
2
2
全國乙卷
說明文
如何在宴會上讓自己變得有趣
2
2
1
全國甲卷
說明文
服裝交換派對
1
4
0
2020
新高考
卷Ⅰ
說明文
好的演講者需要掌握的一些原則
1
3
1
全國卷Ⅰ
說明文
幾個自我接納的小技巧
1
3
1
全國卷Ⅱ
說明文
表情符號以及在工作交流時所帶來的優(yōu)勢
1
4
0
全國卷Ⅲ
說明文
喬遷聚會的目的，禮物的選取和名稱的由來
2
2
1

文章由段落組成，圍繞中心話題展開。各段、句之間形成一定的語義邏輯關系，有并列、遞進、轉折、對比、解釋、例證、因果關系等。閱讀七選五的解題策略之一就是理清這些關系，并據(jù)此選出正確答案。
【名師點撥】

【典例1】(2020·浙江·片段)
My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted.I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me.When my mother saw my creations，she told me how creative my designs were. 34 I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful.It was a trait(特點) others found helpful，and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me.
A．I wasn’t alone any longer.
B．I enjoyed reading stories aloud.
C．I was invited to play with another kid.
D．I loved the colorful photographs in the books.
E．Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.
F．Thus，I began my lifelong interest in making things.
G．My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.
34．答案　F
解析　空格前提到媽媽看到作者創(chuàng)作的東西說作者的設計很有創(chuàng)意，空格后提到作者延長了物體的生命，把它們變成一些新的、有用的東西。由此可知，空格處與上文構成因果關系，F(xiàn)項“因此，我開始了我畢生對制作東西的興趣”符合語境。
【典例2】 (2019·全國Ⅱ·片段)
Your personal circumstances are equally important.For example，you may want to be a pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 40 You should reassess your goals，and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
A．This can affect your work.
B．So how should you motivate yourself?
C．However，this should not discourage you.
D．So why should we try to set specific goals?
E．They can change according to circumstances.
F．Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G．Without motivation，you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
40．答案　C
解析　空前一句說你可能想當飛行員，但因為視力不夠好，你的目標不能實現(xiàn)。再結合空后一句中的“reassess your goals...set a fresh goal”可知中間要填的這句話與前面是轉折關系，故C項“然而，這不應該讓你氣餒”符合語境。
【典例3】　(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.__36__ So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth－floor apartment the size of a cupboard.It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
A．Not all the customers are tourists.
B．The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C．There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D．The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E．That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F．Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G．The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【分析】　本題可利用邏輯關系法解題。根據(jù)空白處后提示詞“So”，可知空白處與下文形成因果關系?？瞻滋幥啊癕y husband and I just spent a week in Paris.”，空白處后提到“So the first thing...the size of a cupboard.”。F項可以構成下文租公寓的原因，符合本段語境。故選F。

精做高考真題
Passage 1、（2022·浙江·高考真題）
I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. ____1____
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. ____2____ And when writing doesn’t seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. ____3____ You write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
____4____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done. ____5____ This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience.
A．It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B．But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.
C．The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D．As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E．You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F．As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G．But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.

【語篇解讀】
本文是一篇議論文。作者通過講述孩子們通過給圣誕老人寫信暗示得到自己心儀的禮物，從而論證觀點：人們寫作都是帶有某種目的的。
【詳情解析】
1．【D】根據(jù)空前“As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents.??(隨著孩子們逐漸長大，他們會給圣誕老人一些提示，告訴他去哪里買禮物。)”可知，孩子們給圣誕老人提示去哪買禮物。結合選項可知，D項“As a result, each year they received something they wanted. (結果，他們每年都會收到他們想要的東西。)”為孩子們提示的結果：收到心儀的禮物。前后為明顯的因果關系。故選D項。
2、【B】．根據(jù)空前“Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times t may be to entertain, inform, or persuade.??(有時我們的目的是為了獲得東西，有時可能是為了娛樂、告知或說服。)”可知，我們寫作都是帶著目的的。結合選項B“But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be. (但它總是有目的的——或者至少應該是這樣。)”可知，前后語意一致，說明寫作是帶有目的的。故選B項。
3．【E】根據(jù)空前“When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. (當孩子們?yōu)檎嬲淖x者和真正的目的寫作時，他們就能學會相應地選擇用詞。)”以及空后“You write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect. (你寫“親愛的圣誕老人”是因為你不認識他，你想表達對他的尊重。)”可知，空后句和空前句之間是“理論——實踐”的關系，由此可推知，空處也應為具體的實踐。結合選項E“You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them. (你寫“嗨，奶奶和爸爸”，因為你和他們很親近。)”可知，符合這一邏輯。而且和空后結構一致。故選E項。
4．【F】根據(jù)空后“Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly producing written messages. (在玩電子游戲時發(fā)短信、在線消息、實時聊天都意味著他們在不斷地產(chǎn)生書面信息。 )”可知，科技的發(fā)展讓人們的寫作變得更普遍。結合選項F“As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have. (隨著科技的發(fā)展，年輕人寫的東西比以前更多了。)”可知，前后語意一致，符合語境。故選F項。
5．【G】根據(jù)空前“There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done. (這種寫作方式并沒有錯。它迎合了觀眾和目的，完成了任務。)”可知，作者在評價這種科技影響下的寫作方式。結合選項G“But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems. (但如果這是年輕人唯一的寫作方式，那就會造成問題。)”可知，前后語意一致，從正反兩方面評價科技帶來的寫作。故選G項。
Passage 2、（2022·全國新高考I卷）
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “___6___”??With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner?
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___7___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. ___8___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___9___
You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___10___ Over time, both of you will benefit—your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A．Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B．A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C．You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D．Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?
E．How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice?
F．Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G．Any notice for a training partner should include such information.

【語篇解讀】
本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何找到一個一起鍛煉的伙伴。
【詳情解析】
6．【C】根據(jù)前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,”(《健身雜志》最近刊登了一篇題為《感謝健身伙伴的五個理由》的文章。一個理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就會去鍛煉?！?”以及后文“With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition. (有一個鍛煉伙伴，你將會努力訓練，因為你們之間有一個微妙的競爭)”可知，空處陳述另一個和別人一起鍛煉的理由，故選項應與后文是順承關系，選項C中的“train with someone else”與后文的“With a workout partner”相對應，選項C“You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.(如果你和別人一起訓練，你會更努力)”符合語意。故選C項。
7．【D】根據(jù)前文“First of all, decide what you want from that person. (首先，決定你想從那個人身上得到什么)”和后文“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility?(或者你只是想要身體健康，能夠移動的力量和靈活性?)”可知，這里是一個問句，反問自己結伴鍛煉的目的，故空處與后文是選擇關系，你要知道你鍛煉是為了什么。所以選項D“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? (你想在你最喜歡的運動項目上成為更好的運動員嗎?)”與后文在語意上構成選擇關系。故選D項。
8．【B】根據(jù)前文“You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won't result in a useful response. (你可能會考慮在社交媒體上發(fā)布你想要的東西，但可能不會得到有用的回應)”和后文“If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房鍛煉，那個人一定是同一個健身房的)”可知，尋找的鍛煉伙伴要具有便利性的特點。選項B中的“l(fā)ive close by”與后文的“belong to the same gym”相對應，選項B“A workout partner usually needs to live close by. (鍛煉伙伴通常需要住在附近)”與下文是順承關系。故選B項。
9．【G】根據(jù)前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. (我的搭檔把她的要求貼在了當?shù)毓珗@的布告欄上。她的注意事項包括她想要做什么樣的鍛煉，每周多少天，每次培訓要花多少小時，以及她的年齡。它還列出了她最喜歡的運動和活動，并提供了她的電話號碼)”可知，本段作者以自己的鍛煉伙伴為例，說明尋找鍛煉伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以選項G“Any notice for a training partner should include such information. (任何鍛煉伙伴的布告都應包括這些信息)”是對上文內容的總結，符合語意。故選G項。
10．【F】根據(jù)前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills. (你和你的伴侶可能有不同的技能)”和后文“Over time, both of you will benefit—your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other. (久而久之，你們雙方都會受益—你的伴侶會舉起更多的重量，你也會變得更健康。你們關系的核心是你們永遠在一起互相幫助)”可知，要學會求同存異，一起合作，共同提高。選項F中的“differences”對應前文的“different skills”，選項中的“work with each other”對應后文的“be there to help each other”，故選項F“Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. (接受你們的不同，學會彼此合作)”起到承上啟下的作用，符合語意。故選F項。
Passage 3、（2021·北京·高考真題）
Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people． ____11____ The mental health benefits from music can't be argued．Music could also be helping you with many other health problems behind the scenes．
____12____However，for the same reason，music can be very beneficial if one is in pain．By distracting （分心） the mind from the pain，music，people say，can lower stress and anxiety levels．This，of course，can lead to less pain．
Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed．____13____While the validity of the idea is still being assessed，the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure．Similarly, according to researchers，listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels， through the lowering of stress and anxiety．
When it comes to heart health，there is speculation （推測） that it's not the style of music， but rather the tempo that makes it so good for your heart health．In one European study，participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure．____14____ On the other hand，when the music slowed，the participants' stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit．
____15____But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for，which is what makes music so valuable．
A．This feeling can also result in many other health problems．
B．Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud．
C．This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing．
D．They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep．
E．The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive．
F．It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety．
G．Interestingly，the more cheerful the music was，the faster their heart rates were．

【語篇解讀】
本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是音樂對身體的好處。
【詳情解析】
11．【F】空格后說“The mental health benefits from music can't be argued”（音樂對心理健康的益處是毋庸置疑的），F(xiàn)選項It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety中的stress and anxiety照應了mental health benefits，因此F選項切合題意，故選F。
12．【B】空格后說“However，for the same reason，music can be very beneficial if one is in pain”（然而，出于同樣的原因，當一個人處于痛苦中時，音樂是非常有益的），However表轉折，因此空格處為對音樂的負面評價，B選項Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud中的harmful就是負面評價，因此B選項切合題意，故選B。
13．【D】空格前說“Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed”（許多人喜歡在晚上睡覺前聽些輕松的音樂），D選項They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep中的sleep和going to bed相呼應，因此D選項切合題意，故選D。
14．【G】空格前說“In one European study，participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure”（在歐洲的一項研究中，參與者聽音樂，研究人員監(jiān)測他們的心率和血壓），G選項Interestingly，the more cheerful the music was，the faster their heart rates were中的heart rates和前面的heart rates相照應，因此G選項切合題意，故選G。
15．【E】空格后說“But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for，which is what makes music so valuable”（但是，開著收音機還可以對一系列其他的健康問題有益，這就是音樂如此有價值的原因），因此本段講的是音樂對身體總的好處，E選項The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive講的是音樂對整體健康的影響是非常令人印象深刻的，因此E選項切合題意，故選E。
Passage 4、（2021·浙江·高考真題）
You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You get what you need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot. ___16___
It turns out, it’s just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster.
Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay. ___17___Any small interruption-a price check, a chatty customer-can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line.
If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the probability:____18____So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.
Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long, snaking line- called a serpentine line-and serve each person at the front with the next available register. ___19___This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall.
____20____It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or manpower. So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck.

A．Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B．So why don’t most places encourage serpentine lines?
C．Some of the may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E．How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F．With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G．But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.

【語篇解讀】
本文是說明文。文章說明了雜貨店排隊方式以及研究人員提出的蛇形隊伍的新方式，并分析了各自的利弊。
【詳情解析】
16．【A】根據(jù)下文“It turns out, it’s just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster. (原來，這只是你的數(shù)學問題；很可能，另一個隊伍真的更快)”解釋了上文“You chose wrong.(你選錯了)”的原因，下文與空格處是因果關系，所以本空應該是對前文選錯提出疑惑，A選項“Why does this always seem to happen to you?( 為什么這種事總是發(fā)生在你身上?)”符合文意，故選A項。
17．【G】根據(jù)上文“Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay.(雜貨店盡量讓足夠的員工在結賬時讓所有的顧客以最小的延誤完成結賬)”解釋了雜貨店之前的工作模式，下文“Any small interruption a price check, a chatty customer -can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line.(任何一個小小的中斷，一個價格檢查，一個喋喋不休的顧客，都會產(chǎn)生下游效應，拖住整個生產(chǎn)線)”描述了雜貨店的特殊情況，故本空應該填出現(xiàn)特殊情況的原因，G項“But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.(但有時，比如在周日下午，系統(tǒng)會變得特別繁忙)”，與此呼應。故選G項。
18．【D】根據(jù)上文“If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. (如果雜貨店中有三列隊伍，延遲將在不同的隊伍中隨機發(fā)生)”聯(lián)系下文“So it’s not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.(所以這不僅僅是在你的腦海里：另一條隊伍可能移動得更快)”可知本空說的是任何一個隊伍都有可能出現(xiàn)問題。你的隊伍跑得最快的幾率只有三分之一。D項“The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.(你的線路是最快的幾率只有三分之一)”與此對應。故選D項。
19．【F】根據(jù)“上文Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem.(我們得知研究人員有一個很好的方法來處理這個問題)”以及下文“This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won’t unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone little bit but speed up checkout overall.(這個大多數(shù)銀行和快餐店都是這樣做的。有了一條蜿蜒的隊伍，在一個登記處長時間拖延不會不公平地懲罰后面排隊的人。相反，它會減慢每個人一點點，但加快了整體結帳速度)”說明這個新方案迅速有效，聯(lián)系上下文可知，空格中應該是與舊的結賬方案作比較。F項“With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.(由于有三個寄存器，這種方法比傳統(tǒng)方法要快得多)”與此對應。故選F項。
20．【B】結合下文“It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can’t afford the space or manpower.(要保持一條生產(chǎn)線的快速運轉，需要很多的收銀機，而且有些商店負擔不起空間和人力)”說明了一個原因，由此可知，空格處提出了一個問題；通過“It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly.(保持一條生產(chǎn)線的快速運轉)”可知這里描述的是不鼓勵蛇形隊伍的原因。B項“So why don’t most places encourage serpentine lines?(那么，為什么大多數(shù)地方不鼓勵使用蛇形線條呢？)”解釋了該原因。故選B項。
Passage 5、（2020·海南·高考真題）
Talking with your doctor
Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information she or he needs to give you the best care. Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.____21____
●Stay positive.
Go to your doctor's visits with a good attitude.____22____Think teamwork! Think positive!
●Keep track of how you are feeling.
____23____This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms（癥狀）and how medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be honest about how you feel and how long you've felt that way.
●____24____
Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic（過敏）to any medicines, be sure to mention that to your doctor.
●Ask questions.
Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment.____25____Remember—there's no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't understand the answer to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand.

A．This will make getting answers easier.
B．Here are some tips for talking with your doctor.
C．You can talk to another doctor if the treatments don't work.
D．Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling.
E．Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side.
F．Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines.
G．Writing down what the doctor says will help you remember important information.

【語篇解讀】
這是一篇應用文，文章講述了與醫(yī)生談話的幾個小建議。
【詳情解析】
21．【B】根據(jù)文章第一段“Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information she or he needs to give you the best care. Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.”可知，與你的醫(yī)生暢所欲言可以讓你感覺好些，并向你的醫(yī)生提供她或他需要的信息，以便為你提供最好的護理。不要害怕或尷尬地討論困擾你的事情。再結合下文為幾條具體的建議，所以B項：Here are some tips for talking with your doctor.（這里有一些與你的醫(yī)生交談的小建議。）符合題意，為順承關系，故選B。
22．【E】根據(jù)文章第二段“teamwork!”意為團隊可知，E項：Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side.（記住，你的醫(yī)生和其他護理人員都站在你這邊。）與此呼應，故選E。
23．【D】根據(jù)文章“This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms（癥狀）and how medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be honest about how you feel and how long you've felt that way.”可知，這將使你更容易回答關于你的癥狀和藥物讓你感覺如何的問題。這也讓你更容易提出你擔心的任何事情。一定要誠實地說出你的感受，以及你這種感覺持續(xù)了多久。由此可知，這都是在講感受，故D項：Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling.（在你的醫(yī)生來之前，記下你的感受。）與之呼應，故選D。
24．【F】根據(jù)文章“Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic（過敏）to any medicines, be sure to mention that to your doctor.”可知，你的病史是你的疾病，治療，醫(yī)生告訴你做什么，以及你認為你的醫(yī)生應該知道的任何事情的清單。如果你有過敏的話，你也要提一下。因此可知看出，這是關于病史和清單的，故F項：Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines.（帶上你的病史，包括你目前的藥物清單。）符合題意，相呼應，故選F。
25．【A】根據(jù)文章“Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment.”可知，不要害怕問你的醫(yī)生你有的任何問題。當你不在醫(yī)生辦公室時，為了記住你的所有問題，把它們寫下來，并帶著清單去你的預約。以及“Remember—there's no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't understand the answer to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand.”可知，記住，沒有什么愚蠢的問題。如果你不明白問題的答案，請醫(yī)生再解釋一遍，直到你明白為止。因此中間缺少過渡句，故A項：This will make getting answers easier.（這將使獲得答案更容易。）正好可以連接兩句，故選A。
　挑戰(zhàn)名校考題
Passage 1、（2023屆湖北省華中師大一附中高三11月份階段性考試）
According to a study done by University of Michigan researchers, shopping to relieve stress was up to 40 times more effective at giving people a sense of control and shoppers were three times less sad compared to those that only looked around for items.
More than half of the 1,000 respondents said they have impulsively shopped to deal with feelings of stress, anxiety or depression.____1____ In fact, shopping to reduce stress can actually help you live a healthier life by making sure that your blood pressure is lowered. Shopping to relieve stress is also called retail therapy as a form of regulating stress.____2____ For many, what starts out as a relatively harmless mood booster could possibly grow into a forced reaction ‘hat empties wallets and causes conflict, thus adding a significant amount of stress to a person’s life.
In order not to be overwhelmed by retail therapy, you might refer to the following tips.
.____3____
Whether you’re purchasing Christmas presents or buying groceries, having the items you need written down will provide you with clarity and order while you’re shopping. Reward yourself for sticking to your list and you’ll be more likely to commit to it: buy a cup of coffee while shopping or plan a. fun activity for when you return home.
·Think about what you struggle with most financially.
Do you spend too much money at the mall? Eating out? Vacations? ____4____ For example, if you spend too much money on dining out on the weekends, stock your cupboard with groceries on Friday so you’ll be more likely to stay in and cook.
·Give up the need to keep up with your neighbors, co-workers, and friends.
Everyone’s financial situation is different and it’s dependent upon a variety of factors, least of all being one’s self worth.____5____ Appreciate what you currently have by practicing gratitude.

A．Prepare a list prior to shopping.
B．This may encourage consumerism and impulse buying.
C．However, the side effect of retail therapy cannot be overlooked.
D．More men tended to purchase alcohol when stressed than women.
E．23％ said they’ve maxed out (刷爆) a credit card in the past year．
F．Comparison leads to debt and dissatisfaction with what you already have.
G．Track down where your money is going and then try to avoid temptations.

【語篇解讀】
這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了“購物療法”可以減壓但也存在弊端，介紹了一些應對策略。
【詳情解析】
1．【E】根據(jù)上文“More than half of the 1,000 respondents said they have impulsively shopped to deal with feelings of stress, anxiety or depression.(在1000名受訪者中，超過一半的人表示，他們曾通過沖動購物來應對壓力、焦慮或抑郁的感覺)”以及后文“In fact, shopping to reduce stress can actually help you live a healthier life by making sure that your blood pressure is lowered. Shopping to relieve stress is also called retail therapy as a form of regulating stress.(事實上，通過購物減壓可以確保你的血壓降低，從而幫助你過上更健康的生活。購物減壓也被稱為“購物療法”，是一種調節(jié)壓力的方式)”可知，本句承接上文具體說明人們通過沖動購物來減壓的數(shù)據(jù)：23%的人說他們在過去一年中刷爆了信用卡。故E選項“23%的人說他們在過去一年中刷爆了信用卡”符合語境，故選E。
2．【C】根據(jù)上文“In fact, shopping to reduce stress can actually help you live a healthier life by making sure that your blood pressure is lowered. Shopping to relieve stress is also called retail therapy as a form of regulating stress.(事實上，通過購物減壓可以確保你的血壓降低，從而幫助你過上更健康的生活。購物減壓也被稱為“購物療法”，是一種調節(jié)壓力的方式)”以及后文“For many, what starts out as a relatively harmless mood booster could possibly grow into a forced reaction ‘hat empties wallets and causes conflict, thus adding a significant amount of stress to a person’s life.(對很多人來說，一開始作為相對無害的情緒助推器可能會發(fā)展成一種被迫的反應，掏空錢包，引發(fā)沖突，從而給一個人的生活增加大量壓力)”可知，后文主要說明了“購物療法”的缺點，故本句與上文構成轉折，故C選項“然而，購物療法的副作用不能被忽視”符合語境，故選C。
3．【A】根據(jù)本段內容“Whether you’re purchasing Christmas presents or buying groceries, having the items you need written down will provide you with clarity and order while you’re shopping. Reward yourself for sticking to your list and you’ll be more likely to commit to it: buy a cup of coffee while shopping or plan a. fun activity for when you return home.(無論你是在買圣誕禮物還是買雜貨，把你需要的東西寫下來會讓你在購物時條理清晰。獎勵自己堅持完成清單，你就更有可能去完成：購物時買杯咖啡，或者計劃一個回家后的有趣活動)”可知，本段的主旨是通過準備購物清單來讓購物時更有條理，故A選項“購物前準備一份購物清單”符合語境，故選A。
4．【G】根據(jù)上文“Do you spend too much money at the mall? Eating out? Vacations?(你在購物中心花了太多錢嗎？外出就餐嗎？假期嗎？)”以及后文“For example, if you spend too much money on dining out on the weekends, stock your cupboard with groceries on Friday so you’ll be more likely to stay in and cook.(舉個例子，如果你周末花了很多錢在外面吃飯，那就在周五的時候把你的櫥柜里裝滿雜貨，這樣你就更有可能呆在家里做飯)”可知，本段主要說明了要具體知道錢花在哪些地方，才能避免誘惑，故G選項“追蹤你的錢都花到哪里去了，然后盡量避免誘惑”符合語境，故選G。
5．【F】根據(jù)上文“Everyone’s financial situation is different and it’s dependent upon a variety of factors, least of all being one’s self worth.(每個人的財務狀況都是不同的，這取決于各種各樣的因素，最不重要的是一個人的自我價值)”以及后文“Appreciate what you currently have by practicing gratitude.(通過練習感恩來感激你目前所擁有的)”可知，上文提到每個人的財務情況不同，后文則說要感激目前所擁有的，說明不能盲目攀比，故F選項“攀比不僅耗費錢財，還會降低滿足感”符合語境，故選F。
Passage 2、（2022-2023學年度甘肅·蘭州西北中學上學期高三期中考試）
Studies have shown that to cultivate (培養(yǎng)) gratitude can increase an individual’s happiness, reduce one’s sadness, and give strength to a person. Those who consciously express and cultivate gratitude have been reported to have much higher self-esteem (自尊) compared to those who do not. They are also more willing to help others. ___6___
Wondering how you yourself can cultivate gratitude more and more every single day? Below are some wonderful tips to follow.
A board on the wall is a great boost, especially in work environments. ___7___ Remember that it is very important to acknowledge what to appreciate, especially when you don’t really feel grateful. It can change your mood for the better right away.
___8___ Another way to cultivate gratitude in your life, whether at home or in the workplace, is gratitude cards. Give them to your colleagues or your clients. You can show your appreciation by saying what you’re actually grateful for on the cards.
Give heart-felt thanks. It’s not your casual thank you, like saying “hi” without really thinking about it. We’re talking about good quality, deeply grateful, heartfelt thanks. When someone goes out of their way to do something really important for you, you should make them know how grateful you are to them. ___9___ If possible，do it in person. This will have a bigger impact if you say it rather than just emailing them.
___10___ Cultivating gratitude will not only help you keep going in a challenging work environment, but also make you have a positive attitude to do an amazing job or to accomplish a difficult task.
A．Gratitude cards.
B．Gratitude journal.
C．This type of behavior always connects to greater happiness.
D．And you can’t wait to help others see this positive change as well.
E．The board lets everyone write down what they are grateful for.
F．And let them believe you can’t wait to do something awesome for them, too.
G．Just imagine the positive culture shift if everyone went ahead and thanked other people for their help.

【語篇解讀】
這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了培養(yǎng)感恩之心的幾條建議。
【詳情解析】
6．【C】根據(jù)前文“Studies have shown that to cultivate (培養(yǎng)) gratitude can increase an individual’s happiness, reduce one’s sadness, and give strength to a person. Those who consciously express and cultivate gratitude have been reported to have much higher self-esteem (自尊) compared to those who do not. They are also more willing to help others.(研究表明，培養(yǎng)感恩可以增加一個人的快樂，減少一個人的悲傷，并給人力量。據(jù)報道，那些有意識地表達和培養(yǎng)感激之情的人比那些不這樣做的人有更高的自尊。他們也更愿意幫助別人。)”可知本段主要講的是培養(yǎng)感恩以及懂得感恩的好處，空處位于段末，應是對本段內容的總結，所以應該總的來說感恩的積極作用。C項“This type of behavior always connects to greater happiness.(這種行為總是能帶來更大的快樂。)”概括全段內容，符合上下文語境，故選C項。
7．【E】根據(jù)空前“A board on the wall is a great boost, especially in work environments. (墻上的板子是一個很大的促進，特別是在工作環(huán)境中。)”可知此處講的是要學會將自己感激的事情寫下來，根據(jù)空后“Remember that it is very important to acknowledge what to appreciate, especially when you don’t really feel grateful. It can change your mood for the better right away.(記住，承認值得感激的事情是非常重要的，尤其是當你沒有真正感到感激的時候。它可以讓你的情緒立刻變得更好。)”可知此處講的是板子上應該寫下一些自己認為值得感激的事情，空處承上啟下，所以空格處應該說得是這個板子的作用，E項“The board lets everyone write down what they are grateful for.(這個板子讓每個人寫下他們感激的事情。)”承接啟下，符合上下文語境，故選E項。
8．【A】根據(jù)空后“Another way to cultivate gratitude in your life, whether at home or in the workplace, is gratitude cards.(另一種在生活中培養(yǎng)感恩之心的方法，無論是在家里還是在工作場所，就是感恩卡。)”可知本段主要介紹感恩卡這種培養(yǎng)感恩之心的方法，所以空處應該是和感恩卡有關的建議，A項“Gratitude cards.(感恩卡)”符合上下文語境，故選A項。
9．【F】根據(jù)空前“When someone goes out of their way to do something really important for you, you should make them know how grateful you are to them.(當有人不辭辛勞為你做一些非常重要的事情時，你應該讓他們知道你是多么感激他們。)”可知此處是在說當有人幫助了我們時我們應該讓別人知道我們對他們的感激之情，根據(jù)空后“If possible，do it in person. This will have a bigger impact if you say it rather than just emailing them.(如果可能的話，當面說。如果你說出來而不是發(fā)郵件，效果會更大。)”可知如果可能，我們最好親自告訴對方我們的感激，空處承上啟下，所以空處應該講的是我們應該讓對方知道我們的感激的真誠，那就是我們也樂意為他們做一些極好的事情。F項“And let them believe you can’t wait to do something awesome for them, too.(讓他們相信你也等不及要為他們做一些了不起的事情。)”承上啟下，而且F項中的them指代上文的someone，awesome與上文的important對應，副詞too在語意上和上文之間是遞進關系，符合上下文語境。故選F項。
10．【G】根據(jù)空后“Cultivating gratitude will not only help you keep going in a challenging work environment, but also make you have a positive attitude to do an amazing job or to accomplish a difficult task.(培養(yǎng)感恩之心不僅能幫助你在充滿挑戰(zhàn)的工作環(huán)境中堅持下去，還能讓你有積極的態(tài)度去完成一份出色的工作或一項艱巨的任務。)”可知此處是在總結全文，概括培養(yǎng)感恩之心的好處，所以空處應該概括全段的內容，G項“Just imagine the positive culture shift if everyone went ahead and thanked other people for their help(想象一下，如果每個人都去感謝別人的幫助，會產(chǎn)生怎樣積極的文化轉變。)”概括全文，而且G項的the positive culture shift指代的是gratitude這種行為，符合上下文語境。故選G項。
Passage 3、（2022年山西呂梁市名校金科大聯(lián)考高三12月份聯(lián)考）
Managers across nearly every industry believe distraction soars as the temperature rises. ___11___. More than anything, our environment impacts our productivity
___12___. Think about your morning commute: It’s sticky and humid even at 8 a. m., and by the time you get into your air-conditioned office, you’re already exhausted. Heat causes many people to feel lethargic, making it much more difficult to focus on that meeting you have first thing.
Absences naturally impact productivity
Sure, people travel and do other fun activities year-round, but many people have more going on between May and September than they do any other period. ___13___. “Even if you’re not taking an exciting vacation, perhaps your coworkers are out of the office a lot,” Schinke says. “This can impact the productivity of the whole team.”
___14___. The sun won’t set until past 8 p. m., so it’s natural to want to soak up every moment after you escape your overly air-conditioned office.
During these months, you’re far more likely to stay up later, meaning you feel sleepy when it’s time to clock in. It’s not too different than the decline in productivity that follows the Super Bowl or St. Patrick’s Day. ___15___.
A．Here are the real reasons
B．Temperature is part of the reason
C．Here are some tips on how to deal with it
D．Your sleep (or lack of sleep) can be a factor
E．More vacation time means less progress
F．This is really why you’re less product vein the summer
G．But in summer, it could be a more frequent occurrence

【語篇解讀】
本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了為什么人們在夏天工作效率會有所降低。
【詳情解析】
11．【A】根據(jù)上文“Managers across nearly every industry believe distraction soars as the temperature rises.(幾乎所有行業(yè)的經(jīng)理都認為，隨著氣溫上升，注意力分散的情況會激增)”及下面三段分列的三個原因可知，A. Here are the real reasons(以下是真正的原因)能夠呈上啟下，符合題意。故選A。
12．【B】根據(jù)下文“Heat causes many people to feel lethargic, making it much more difficult to focus on that meeting you have first thing.(炎熱的天氣會讓很多人感到昏昏欲睡，很難集中精力參加你的第一件事)”可知，本段主要講述溫度對人們的影響。由此可知，B. Temperature is part of the reason(溫度是部分原因)適合作本段主題句，符合語境。故選B。
13．【E】根據(jù)下文““Even if you’re not taking an exciting vacation, perhaps your coworkers are out of the office a lot,” Schinke says. “This can impact the productivity of the whole team.”(“即使你沒有一個令人興奮的假期，也許你的同事也經(jīng)常不在辦公室，”Schinke說。“這會影響整個團隊的生產(chǎn)力。”)”可知，設空處與假期有關。由此可知，E. More vacation time means less progress(更多的假期意味著更少的進步)符合題意。故選E。
14．【D】根據(jù)下文“The sun won’t set until past 8 p. m., so it’s natural to want to soak up every moment after you escape your overly air-conditioned office.(太陽要到晚上8點多才會落山，所以很自然地，你想要在逃離過度空調的辦公室后享受每一刻)”可知，本段講述的是因為天氣炎熱造成睡眠時間的減少，從而導致工作效率不高的又一個原因。由此可知，D. Your sleep (or lack of sleep) can be a factor(你的睡眠（或缺乏睡眠）可能是一個因素)適合作本段主題句，符合語境。故選D。
15．【G】根據(jù)上文“During these months, you’re far more likely to stay up later, meaning you feel sleepy when it’s time to clock in. It’s not too different than the decline in productivity that follows the Super Bowl or St. Patrick’s Day. (在這幾個月里，你更有可能熬夜，這意味著你在打卡的時候會感到困。這與超級碗或圣帕特里克節(jié)之后的生產(chǎn)率下降沒有太大的不同)”可知，G. But in summer, it could be a more frequent occurrence(但在夏天，這種情況可能會更頻繁)與上文形成轉折關系，總結全段，再次扣回中心話題“夏天工作效率低下”。故選G。
Passage 4、（2023屆浙江臺州書生中學高三上學期起始考英語試卷）
You’ll make new friends in each stage of your life. Some of them will come and go, while others will last for the rest of your life. ____16____
There are many benefits of having strong friendships. According to experts, many people regret not keeping friendships going and end up living a life with no close friends or even enduring mental and physical sufferings. ____17____ People who have healthy friendships tend to enjoy life more and may even live longer.
____18____ There are a lot of ways to make new friends that can stay with you for the rest of your life. Look for people who share things with you. If you have kids, join a mom’s group, or sign your child up for classes where you’ll naturally meet other parents. ____19____ You share your career and will have a lot to talk about while also having built-in opportunities to spend time with each other.
A．Lifelong friendships are what most people desire.
B．You don’t have to be mean or harsh to get this done.
C．If you are lacking in good friendships, it’s not too late.
D．You can also make friends with people you work with.
E．So making time for your friendships is vital to a healthy life.
F．Sign up for a dancing class to meet those with the same passion.
G．While this can be sad, it can actually improve your quality of life.
Sometimes it’s a good idea to let a friendship go, even if you’ve been friends for a long time. If one party isn’t making an effort to keep things going, it can lead to feelings of hurt and betrayal, and it might be time to let things cool off and pursue other friendships. ____20____ Besides, it can encourage you to focus on the partnerships that are healthy and where both of you are committed to keeping it going for your entire life.

【語篇解讀】
本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了長期友誼的好處，以及如何發(fā)展一段新的友誼，并且注意，該結束的友誼就應果斷結束。
【詳情解析】
16．【A】根據(jù)前文“You’ll make new friends in each stage of your life. Some of them will come and go, while others will last for the rest of your life.(你會在人生的每個階段交到新朋友。其中一些會來了又走，而另一些會伴隨你的余生)”結合下文陳述持長期友誼的好處，以及如何保持長期的友誼，所以空處應是引出長期朋友的話題，所以A項“Lifelong friendships are what most people desire.(一生的友誼是大多數(shù)人所渴望的)”符合文意。故選A項。
17．【E】根據(jù)前文“There are many benefits of having strong friendships. According to experts, many people regret not keeping friendships going and end up living a life with no close friends or even enduring mental and physical sufferings.(擁有牢固的友誼有很多好處。據(jù)專家稱，許多人后悔沒有維持友誼，最終過著沒有親密朋友的生活，甚至忍受著精神和身體上的痛苦)”以及后文“People who have healthy friendships tend to enjoy life more and may even live longer.(擁有健康友誼的人往往更享受生活，甚至可能活得更長)”可知，本段主要在講保持健康友誼的好處和重要性，所以E項“So making time for your friendships is vital to a healthy life.(因此，為友誼騰出時間對健康生活至關重要)”符合文意，起到承上啟下的作用。故選E項。
18．【C】根據(jù)后文“There are a lot of ways to make new friends that can stay with you for the rest of your life. Look for people who share things with you. If you have kids, join a mom’s group, or sign your child up for classes where you’ll naturally meet other parents.(有很多方法可以交到可以陪伴你一生的新朋友。尋找和你有共同愛好的人。如果你有孩子，加入一個媽媽的小組，或者為你的孩子報班，在那里你自然會遇到其他父母)”可知，此處是在講如何交到可以陪伴你一生的新朋友。所以C項“If you are lacking in good friendships, it’s not too late.(如果你缺乏好的友誼，現(xiàn)在還不晚)”符合文意，引出下文。故選C項。
19．【D】根據(jù)前文“If you have kids, join a mom’s group, or sign your child up for classes where you’ll naturally meet other parents.(如果你有孩子，加入一個媽媽的小組，或者為你的孩子報班，在那里你自然會遇到其他父母)”以及后文“You share your career and will have a lot to talk about while also having built-in opportunities to spend time with each other.(你們分享自己的事業(yè)，會有很多可聊的話題，同時也有內在的機會花時間在彼此身上)”可知，上文陳述和父母交朋友，下文陳述分享自己的事業(yè)，由此推知，我們還可以與同事交朋友。所以D項“You can also make friends with people you work with.(你也可以和同事交朋友)”符合文意。故選D項。
20．【G】根據(jù)前文“Sometimes it’s a good idea to let a friendship go, even if you’ve been friends for a long time. If one party isn’t making an effort to keep things going, it can lead to feelings of hurt and betrayal, and it might be time to let things cool off and pursue other friendships. (有時候，結束一段友誼是個好主意，即使你們已經(jīng)做了很長時間的朋友。如果一方不努力維持關系，可能會導致受傷和背叛的感覺，可能是時候讓事情冷靜下來，追求其他友誼了)”可知，此處是在講必要時結束一段友誼。由此推知，空處陳述這樣做的原因。所以G項“While this can be sad, it can actually improve your quality of life.(雖然這可能令人難過，但它實際上可以提高你的生活質量)”符合文意，且與下文“Besides, it can encourage you to focus on the partnerships that are healthy and where both of you are committed to keeping it going for your entire life.(此外，它可以鼓勵你專注于健康的伙伴關系，以及你們兩人都致力于終生保持這種關系的伙伴關系)”構成并列關系。故選G項。
Passage 5、（2022·河南省安陽市TOP二十名校高三9月份摸底考試）
Poetry Writing Tips for Beginners
Poetry is one of the oldest and most respected literary forms. It takes a certain style and skill with words to create a good work of poetry. Here are some easy-to-follow tips on writing poetry:
? ____21____
Before you start the writing process, you should make sure that you read as many great poems as possible. Take a glance at the works of Neruda, Keats, Whitman, and Dickinson to name a few of the greats. This does not mean that you should copy their work of course. ____22____.
? Choose a specific theme
Like any other type of literary work, your poem will need a specific theme. You can’t write a poem effectively if you don’t have a set theme. A theme will give your work both focus and a set goal.____23____. It could be about loss, love, hate, greed, etc. Your theme could also be about a very specific event in your life, such as your first love or a broken relationship.
? Read it aloud
During the writing process, it is important that you check how your poem sounds.____24____.However, it may sound awkward or lacking once you read it aloud. So take the time to read your work aloud. Read it aloud after each stanza (詩節(jié)). If you want to be more thorough, you could read it aloud to family and friends.
? Polish it up
After you have your poem critiqued (評論), now is the time to polish it up. Take their advice and make any changes to the wordplay or word usage. If you see any clunky wordplay in your work, try to smoothen them out. Remember that poetry should have a flow, an almost lyrical feel.
____25____.However, once you put these poetry tips for beginners into practice, you’ll be able to create quality poetry in no time.

A．Free your mind
B．Read great poems
C．It may seem perfect when you’re reading it
D．Your theme can be practically anything under the sun
E．Learning how to write poetry can be slow-going at first
F．It is still a very satisfying feeling to create great works of poetry
G．Think of them as references that will expand your horizons as a poet

【語篇解讀】
這是一篇應用文。作者為打算學習寫詩的人提供了幾個好建議。
【詳情解析】
21．【B】根據(jù)下文“Before you start the writing process, you should make sure that you read as many great poems as possible.(在你開始寫作之前，你應該確保你讀了盡可能多的好詩)”可知，這一段是建議在開始寫詩前，要多讀好詩。由此可知，選項B“Read great poems(讀好詩)”和下文一致，符合語境。故選B項。
22．【G】根據(jù)上文“This does not mean that you should copy their work of course.(當然，這并不意味著你應該抄襲他們的作品)”可知，此處是建議在讀優(yōu)秀的詩歌，但是不要復制抄襲。由此可知，選項G“Think of them as references that will expand your horizons as a poet(把它們當作參考，可以擴展你作為詩人的視野)”指出把讀過的詩當做參考，拓展視野，和下文上文一致，符合語境。故選G項。
23．【D】根據(jù)下文“It could be about loss, love, hate, greed, etc. Your theme could also be about a very specific event in your life, such as your first love or a broken relationship.(它可能是關于失去、愛、恨、貪婪等。你的主題也可能是關于你生活中的一個非常具體的事件，比如你的初戀或破裂的關系)”可知，這一段作者建議選定主題，但是主題的范圍特別廣泛。由此可知，選項D“Your theme can be practically anything under the sun(你的主題可以是太陽下的任何東西)”也指明主題范圍很寬，和下文一致，符合語境。故選D項。
24．【C】根據(jù)下文“However, it may sound awkward or lacking once you read it aloud.(然而，一旦你大聲朗讀，它可能聽起來很尷尬或缺乏什么)”可知，這一段建議寫完詩后要讀出來聽聽。且這一句話用轉折副詞however“然而”與上文連接，說明上文應該是指出：所寫的詩讀起來感覺很不錯。由此可知，選項C“It may seem perfect when you’re reading it(當你讀它時，它似乎是完美的)”和下文存在轉折關系，符合語境。故選C項。
25．【E】根據(jù)下文“However, once you put these poetry tips for beginners into practice, you’ll be able to create quality poetry in no time.(然而，一旦你將這些針對初學者的詩歌技巧付諸實踐，你將能夠在短時間內創(chuàng)作出高質量的詩歌)”可知，此處作者指出只要認真按照本文提供的建議學習寫詩，很快就能寫出好詩。且這一句話用轉折副詞however“然而”與上文連接，說明上文應該是指出：最開始學寫詩很難很慢。選項E“Learning how to write poetry can be slow-going at first(最開始學習寫詩，可能速度會很慢)”和下文形成轉折關系，符合語境。故選E項。
Passage 6、（2022-2023學年度湖北省武漢市武岡二中高三10月份月考）
You will be leaving this school at the end of this year and the unavoidable question many people will ask you is, “So, what do you want to be?” ____26____ But many of you still don’t have a clue! Here are some things you might want to consider.
First, does the career you are considering have staying power? Will it be in demand in 20 years? Rapid technological change is disruptive (破壞性的). ____27____ While many occupations are being taken over by new technology, jobs that require high-level of critical thinking, emotional intelligence and human interaction, remain in high demand. These jobs are more adaptable and not easily replaced by machines or technology.
Second, choose a career that interests you. Some people might think this is unimportant, but if you are truly passionate about your job then going to work every day won’t seem a chore. It’s also likely that you will stay and grow in this career. Before making a choice, you should examine your values, skills and personality type. ____28____
Third, of course you will want to consider your chosen profession’s earning power! Although high pay plays a part, you should know that a job with a big salary will likely require more time to get to the top, much more effort and a higher level of stress. ____29____ If you have interests outside of work, or are struggling with other demands in your life, you might want to choose a less taxing line of work.
____30____ Let me leave you with an old saying: “Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life. “
A．We need to be forward-looking at our future prospects.
B．Some of you may have already decided on a career path.
C．Trying different work can help you find out your favorite job.
D．This can help you decide if a career path is a good fit for you.
E．Only the truly motivated will likely be able to meet these challenges.
F．People’s wages are lower in industries with slow technological change.
G．Thinking about a life-long career at this stage in your life is surely challenging.

【語篇解讀】
本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在選擇職業(yè)道路的時候你可能需要考慮的事情。
【詳情解析】
26．【B】根據(jù)下文“But many of you still don’t have a clue! (但是你們中的很多人還是不知道)”中轉折連詞But可知，上下文有轉折關系，B項“Some of you may have already decided on a career path. (你們中的一些人可能已經(jīng)決定了職業(yè)道路)”講有些人已經(jīng)決定了職業(yè)道路，與下文“很多人還是不知道”構成轉折關系，回答了前文的問題“what do you want to be?(你想成為什么?)”。上下文語意連貫。故選B項。
27．【A】上文“First, does the career you are considering have staying power? Will it be in demand in 20 years? Rapid technological change is disruptive (破壞性的). (首先，你考慮的職業(yè)有持久力嗎?20年后還會有需求嗎?快速的技術變革具有破壞性)”提出技術變革會改變職業(yè)，要考慮未來可能的變化，A項“We need to be forward-looking at our future prospects.(我們需要展望未來的前景)”承接上文，提出要展望職業(yè)前景，句中“future prospects”與上文“in 20 years”相照應。上下文語意連貫。故選A項。
28．【D】上文“Before making a choice, you should examine your values, skills and personality type. (在做出選擇之前，你應該審視自己的價值觀、技能和性格類型)”提出選擇職業(yè)前要進行自我評估，D項“This can help you decide if a career path is a good fit for you.(這可以幫助你決定一個職業(yè)道路是否適合你)”承接上文，說明這樣做的作用，句中“This”指代上文中“examine your values, skills and personality type”。上下文語意連貫。故選D項。
29．【E】上文“you should know that a job with a big salary will likely require more time to get to the top, much more effort and a higher level of stress.(但你應該知道，高薪的工作可能需要更多的時間才能達到頂峰，需要付出更多的努力和更大的壓力)”提出與高薪相伴的是更多的付出與挑戰(zhàn)，E項“Only the truly motivated will likely be able to meet these challenges.(只有真正有動力的人才有可能迎接這些挑戰(zhàn))”承接上文，說明什么樣的人才能面對這些挑戰(zhàn)，句中“these challenges”與上文“require more time to get to the top, much more effort and a higher level of stress”相照應。故選E項。
30．【G】設空句是末段首句，是對全文的總結。G項“Thinking about a life-long career at this stage in your life is surely challenging.(在你人生的這個階段考慮一生的事業(yè)無疑是具有挑戰(zhàn)性的)”提出考慮一生的事業(yè)是具有挑戰(zhàn)性的事情，下文“Let me leave you with an old saying: ‘Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life.’(讓我用一句老話留給你們：“選擇一份你喜歡的工作，你一生中一天都不用工作。”)”用一句諺語給出解答，從而實現(xiàn)對全文的總結。故選G項。
Passage 7、（2023屆遼寧省鞍山市第一中學高三上學期第二次模擬考試）
“What is your problem?” So simple and yet so difficult to answer, that essential question is what I ask my high school engineering students when they begin the study of inventions. Our students are often provided with the problem, or spoon-fed with a solution, or end up checking their answers against those in the back of the book.___31___
The concept is the “invention design process” or “engineering design process”.___32___These steps include identifying a practical problem, developing potential solutions and ultimately designing something that proves they can improve the lives of beneficiaries. In short, we are talking about real problems that affect real people.
Students will often say, “___33___” My reply is similar: “I don’t either, but it is going to be a lot of fun seeing you find one.” At this point in the process, students begin to realize that not only do they need to identify a problem, but they have to clearly understand it. There is no room for loosely pieced together projects without thought or true purpose.
For example, each term my class invents devices to assist local fire and police departments. At the end of the unit, we invite police officers and firefighters to a showcase who then provide students with feedback (反饋) on the devices.___34___As a result, the students will also give their projects serious attention.
Inventing is a skill and every student can develop that skill. It may be a cliché (陳詞濫調), but it’s true — kids are natural inventors. And once they are taught the skills of how to invent, there is no stopping them. As a teacher, I can’t help but ask, “___35___”
A．I don’t know the answer to the problem.
B．I don’t know what problem I should solve.
C．Now I am introducing them to a foreign concept.
D．It involves students in completing a series of steps.
E．How could you not give the problem the attention it deserves?
F．How can I not want to send more problem-solvers into the world?
G．They do not have time to waste on projects that don’t take their work seriously.

【語篇解讀】
這是一篇說明文，文章介紹了能讓學生自己發(fā)現(xiàn)問題并解決問題的“發(fā)明設計過程”的概念。
【詳情解析】
31．【C】上文“Our students are often provided with the problem, or spoon-fed with a solution, or end up checking their answers against those in the back of the book.(我們的學生經(jīng)常被提供問題，或被灌輸解決方案，或最終在書的后面核對他們的答案)”指出了學生的一個困境：學生們已經(jīng)習慣了被告知問題，或填鴨式地提供解決方案，他們自己卻找不出問題，結合下一段開頭的“The concept is…”可知，空處應是提到concept，C項“現(xiàn)在我要向他們介紹一個陌生的概念”符合語境。故選C。
32．【D】根據(jù)空前“The concept is the “invention design process” or “engineering design process”.(這個概念就是‘發(fā)明設計過程’或‘工程設計過程’)”可知，作者要介紹的概念是‘發(fā)明設計過程’或‘工程設計過程’，結合空后的“These steps include identifying a practical problem, developing potential solutions and ultimately designing something that proves they can improve the lives of beneficiaries.(這些步驟包括確定一個實際問題，開發(fā)潛在的解決方案，并最終設計出能夠證明這些方案能夠改善受益者生活的東西)”可知，空處應是提及‘發(fā)明設計過程’包含很多步驟，D項“它要求學生完成一系列步驟”符合語境。故選D。
33．【B】根據(jù)空后“I don’t either, but it is going to be a lot of fun seeing you find one.(我也不知道，但看到你找到一個會很有趣)”及“At this point in the process, students begin to realize that not only do they need to identify a problem(在這個過程中，學生們開始意識到他們不僅需要找到一個問題)”推知，學生經(jīng)常說找不到要解決的問題，B項“我不知道我應該解決什么問題”符合語境，故選B。
34．【G】根據(jù)下文“As a result, the students will also give their projects serious attention.(因此，學生們也會認真關注他們的項目)”及關鍵詞“As a result”可知，空處與下文是因果關系，說明學生認真關注他們的項目的原因，G項“他們沒有時間浪費在那些不認真對待他們工作的項目上”符合語境。故選G。
35【F】．根據(jù)上文“I can’t help but ask(我忍不住要問)”可知，空處是一個問題，結合上文“It may be a cliché(陳詞濫調), but it’s true — kids are natural inventors. And once they are taught the skills of how to invent, there is no stopping them.(這可能是一個陳詞濫調，但這是真的——孩子是天生的發(fā)明家。一旦他們學會了發(fā)明的技能，就沒有什么能阻止他們了)”可知，學生是天生的發(fā)明家，即他們會在“發(fā)明設計過程”中發(fā)現(xiàn)并解決問題，F(xiàn)項“我怎么能不想把更多的問題解決者送進這個世界呢？”符合語境。故選F。
Passage 8、（2023屆湖北省華師一附中高三上學期期中考試）
I’m a hiker –“born to hike”, as my husband likes to joke. It does my heart and soul good to take a pack and head out on a trail, especially when I’m alone and can let my mind wander where it will. The experience of hiking is unique, research suggests, conveying benefits beyond what you receive from typical exercise. Hiking in nature is not only good for our bodies, but also good for our moods, our minds, and our relationships. ____36____
Hiking keeps your mind sharper than many other forms of exercise. ____37____ But research suggests that hiking doesn’t just feel good, it might also keep my brain in top shape.
____38____ Exercise in general can be a good way to decrease stress. But what sets hiking apart from other forms of exercise is that hiking can happen almost anywhere and give you that dose of nature you need to stay happy.
Hiking can increase our creativity. I’m sure I’m not alone in finding that walks in nature let my mind wander freely in creative directions. ____39____ Studies have found connections between creative thinking and nature experiences, too.
Hiking helps strengthen a positive relationship with the natural world. Besides being good for us, hiking may also help the world around us. After all, if we can walk and cover longer distances, we could use cars less and reduce our carbon footprint. ____40____ It increases our connection to A．Hiking helps to keep you calm and happy.
B．Hiking and writing have strong connections.
C．Beyond that, hiking benefits our planet indirectly.
D．Here is what science is saying about the benefits of hiking.
E．In fact, I’ve written many of my songs while hiking on a trail.
F．This all goes to show that hiking may be one of the best ways to move your body.
G．Being a professional writer, I sometimes have trouble taking the time to hike in the middle of my workday.
nature. Developing a positive relationship with the natural world can help us to care about its fate, making us more committed to conservation efforts.

【語篇解讀】
這是一篇說明文，作者是一個徒步旅行者，在徒步旅行的過程中，作者意識到了徒步旅行的諸多好處。
【詳情解析】
36．【D】上文“Hiking in nature is not only good for our bodies, but also good for our moods, our minds, and our relationships.(在大自然中徒步旅行不僅對我們的身體有好處，而且對我們的情緒、思想和人際關系也有好處)”提到徒步旅行有好處，該句是結尾句，引出下面各個段落徒步旅行的各種好處，D項“以下是科學對徒步旅行益處的解釋”符合語境。故選D。
37．【G】根據(jù)下文“But research suggests that hiking doesn’t just feel good, it might also keep my brain in top shape.(但研究說，徒步不僅讓人感覺良好，還可能讓我們的大腦保持最佳狀態(tài))”可知，空處與下文構成轉折關系，G項“作為一名職業(yè)作家，有時我也很難在工作期間抽時間去徒步”與下一句構成轉折關系。故選G。
38．【A】該句為主題句，根據(jù)下文“Exercise in general can be a good way to decrease stress. But what sets hiking apart from other forms of exercise is that hiking can happen almost anywhere and give you that dose of nature you need to stay happy.(一般來說，鍛煉是減輕壓力的好方法。但徒步旅行與其他形式的運動不同之處在于，徒步旅行幾乎可以在任何地方進行，并給你保持快樂所需的自然劑量)”中的關鍵詞“decrease stress”和“give you that dose of nature you need to stay happy”可知，本段主要講述徒步能減輕壓力，帶來快樂，A項“徒步能讓你保持冷靜和愉悅”符合語境。故選A。
39．【E】根據(jù)本段主題句“Hiking can increase our creativity.(徒步旅行可以增加我們的創(chuàng)造力)”及空前一句“I’m sure I’m not alone in finding that walks in nature let my mind wander freely in creative directions.(我相信我不是唯一一個發(fā)現(xiàn)在大自然中散步可以讓我的思維在創(chuàng)造性的方向上自由漫游的人)”可知，E項“事實上，我的很多歌曲都是在徒步的時候創(chuàng)作的”符合題意，一方面支撐該段主題句，另一方面對前一句提到的“在大自然里漫步可以讓我自由創(chuàng)作”進行實例證明。故選E。
40．【C】上文“After all, if we can walk and cover longer distances, we could use cars less and reduce our carbon footprint.(畢竟，如果我們能走得更遠，我們就能少用汽車，減少碳足跡)”描述徒步在減少碳足跡方面的好處，根據(jù)下文“It increases our connection to nature.(它增加了我們與自然的聯(lián)系)”可知，空處應是描述徒步的另一個好處，C項“除此以外，徒步可以間接造福我們的地球”與上文形成遞進關系，符合語境。故選C。
Passage 9（2023屆山東省實驗中學高三上學期第一次診斷考試）
Hiking for Beginners
Hiking is a wonderful way to immerse yourself in the outdoors. Transported by your own two feet and carrying only what you need for the day on your back, you can discover the beauty of nature at whatever pace you’re comfortable with. ___41___
If you have friends who hike, ask them to take you on a long walk. Most people are happy to share their expert knowledge, let you borrow gear (裝備) and introduce starters to their favorite trails. If you don’t know any hikers, many cities and towns have hiking clubs that regularly plan outings. ___42___ Online groups are also a great way to find hiking friends. Experiencing the outdoors by yourself can give you a sense of freedom and adventure that are hard to find elsewhere. ___43___ We recommend finding a companion to keep you company. That person will also be there to lend a hand if you happen to get hurt.
___44___ Guidebooks and websites are great resources because you can get all the information you need: trail difficulty, distance, directions, water sources, and trail features. If you have hiking friends, ask them for some locations. Contact a local hiking organization or call a ranger station (護林站) in the area where you want to hike.
Before you start your search for the perfect hike, it’s helpful to think through a few things, such as: how much time you have, especially time of year and weather.___45___ If it’s fall and the sun is setting earlier, plan accordingly so you’re not caught out after dark unexpectedly. Always check the weather forecast before heading out so you can dress and pack appropriately.
A．You can go for a hike alone or in groups.
B．But it can also be hair-raising and lonely at times.
C．You can find hiking classes, outings and events through them.
D．The most significant hiking benefit is for a person’s mental well-being.
E．There are several easy ways to find a hiking trail that will meet your needs.
F．Some trails won’t be accessible in early spring because they’re covered in snow.
G．And, with a little planning and preparation, it’s an activity almost anyone can do.

【語篇解讀】
這是一篇說明文。文章主要給徒步旅行的新手提出了一些建議和方法。
【詳情解析】
41．【G】根據(jù)上文“Hiking is a wonderful way to immerse yourself in the outdoors. Transported by your own two feet and carrying only what you need for the day on your back, you can discover the beauty of nature at whatever pace you’re comfortable with.(徒步旅行是一種讓自己沉浸在戶外的好方法。用你自己的兩只腳運輸，只背一天所需的東西，你可以發(fā)現(xiàn)大自然的美麗，以任何你喜歡的節(jié)奏)”可知，本句為本段最后一句，應承接上文繼續(xù)說明徒步旅行的優(yōu)點，故G選項“而且，只要做一點計劃和準備，這是一項幾乎任何人都能做的活動”符合語境，故選G。
42．【C】根據(jù)上文“If you don’t know any hikers, many cities and towns have hiking clubs that regularly plan outings.(如果你不認識任何徒步者，許多城市和城鎮(zhèn)都有徒步俱樂部定期計劃遠足)”可知，上文提到尋找俱樂部，故本句說明這些俱樂部的作用：可以通過它們找到徒步旅行課程、郊游和活動。故C選項“你可以通過它們找到徒步旅行課程、郊游和活動”符合語境，故選C。
43．【B】根據(jù)上文“Experiencing the outdoors by yourself can give you a sense of freedom and adventure that are hard to find elsewhere.(獨自體驗戶外活動可以給你在其他地方難以找到的自由和冒險感)”以及后文“We recommend finding a companion to keep you company. That person will also be there to lend a hand if you happen to get hurt.(我們建議找一個同伴陪伴你。如果你碰巧受傷了，那個人也會在那里伸出援手)”可知，上文提到獨自體驗戶外活動，后文則說尋找同伴，故本句與后文構成轉折，指出獨自外出的缺點：有時也會令人毛骨悚然和孤獨。故B選項“但它有時也會令人毛骨悚然和孤獨”符合語境，故選B。
44．【E】根據(jù)后文“Guidebooks and websites are great resources because you can get all the information you need: trail difficulty, distance, directions, water sources, and trail features. If you have hiking friends, ask them for some locations. Contact a local hiking organization or call a ranger station (護林站) in the area where you want to hike.(指南和網(wǎng)站是很好的資源，因為你可以得到所有你需要的信息：路線的難度，距離，方向，水源和路線特征。如果你有徒步旅行的朋友，問他們一些地點。聯(lián)系當?shù)氐耐讲浇M織或打電話給你想徒步的地區(qū)的護林員站)”可知，本段主要列舉了找到徒步路線的方法，故E選項“有幾種簡單的方法可以找到滿足你需求的徒步路線”符合語境，故選E。
45．【F】根據(jù)后文“If it’s fall and the sun is setting earlier, plan accordingly so you’re not caught out after dark unexpectedly.(如果是秋天，太陽落山得更早，要做好相應的計劃，這樣你就不會在天黑后意外外出)”可知，后文提到了秋天外出的注意事項。由此可知，本句也是關于季節(jié)的注意事項。故F選項“一些小徑在早春不能通行，因為它們被雪覆蓋了”符合語境，故選F。
Passage 10、（2022--2023學年度重慶市南開中學高三11月份期中考試）
Peer pressure occurs when a peer group has direct or indirect pressure to do certain actions. The term “peer” often refers to people one knows in real life and that have a similar social status to oneself. However, the larger culture can also bring about peer pressure. ___46___.
Many people consider peer pressure a negative thing. ___47___. People, especially teens and young adults, may be more likely to do prosocial behaviors when they see people their own age doing the same things. Evidence shows that teens with friends who volunteer are more likely to volunteer themselves.
Research suggests peer pressure sometimes begins in elementary school. ___48___. Some may be isolated by members of the larger group. Children may begin to worry about balancing a sense of loyalty to their friends with fairness to others.
Research has long shown that peer pressure can increase the risk of someone trying drugs, alcohol, or cigarettes. ___49___. While some may experiment with alcohol or drugs once or twice and decide it’s not for them, others who begin using a substance may find it difficult to quit.
___50___. Some children find it becomes more difficult to go against the group over time. But it’s important to realize that not only do younger children face peer pressure, they are also able to stand up to it.
A．However, this isn’t always the case.
B．Coping with peer pressure can be tough.
C．Unconsciously, we are all influenced by people around us.
D．Certain people are more affected by peer pressure than others.
E．At this age, group values and routine begin to form among children.
F．It’s impossible to resist peer pressure when a child is struggling to fit in.
G．For example, television can convey to the public an acceptable way to behave.

【語篇解讀】
本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了同輩壓力。
【詳情解析】
46．【C】空前說“However, the larger culture can also bring about peer pressure.(然而，更大的文化也會帶來同輩壓力)”，空處位于段末，應總結上文。C選項“Unconsciously, we are all influenced by people around us.(不知不覺中，我們都會受到周圍人的影響)”符合語境，承接上文。故選C。
47．【A】前文說“Many people consider peer pressure a negative thing.(很多人認為同輩壓力是個消極的事物)”和下文“People, especially teens and young adults, may be more likely to do prosocial behaviors when they see people their own age doing the same things.(人們，尤其是青少年和年輕人，在看到同齡人做同樣的事情時，可能更有可能做出親社會的行為)”說明“同輩壓力”也可以讓年輕人更可能有親社會行為和做志愿者，由此推知空處與上文為轉折關系。A項“However, this isn’t always the case.(然而，情況并非總是如此)”符合語境，故選A。
48．【E】前文提出“Research suggests peer pressure sometimes begins in elementary school.(研究表明有時候同輩壓力從小學就開始出現(xiàn))”，E項“At this age, group values and routine begin to form among children.(在這個年齡，孩子們開始形成群體價值觀和日常習慣。)”中“at this age”與“小學”對應，“begin to form(開始形成)”也和語境對應，因此E選項符合語境，故選E。
49．【D】根據(jù)空后的“While some may experiment with alcohol or drugs once or twice and decide it’s not for them, others who begin using a substance may find it difficult to quit.(有些人可能會嘗試過一兩次酒精或毒品，然后認為不適合自己，而有些人開始使用某種物質后可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)很難戒掉)”可知，有的人更容易受同輩壓力的影響而做出錯誤的事情。D選項“Certain people are more affected by peer pressure than others.(有些人比其他人更容易受到同輩壓力的影響)”符合語境，故選D。
50．【B】作為末段的首句，應該為該段的主題句，由空后的“Some children find it becomes more difficult to go against the group over time.(有些孩子發(fā)現(xiàn)，隨著時間的推移，反抗群體變得更加困難)”可知，本段主要講的是應對同輩壓力可能是困難的，因此B選項“Coping with peer pressure can be tough.(應對來自同輩的壓力是很困難的)”可作為主題句，故選B。

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