?專題17 依據(jù)線索詞匯，巧解閱讀七選五

細節(jié)線索類的試題要求考生更加注重文章中的細節(jié)，比如某個關(guān)鍵的單詞或數(shù)字等。解答這類試題經(jīng)常用到的方法有詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法和代詞指代法等。
層級一
送分題目分分得
在解題過程中，通過觀察篇章語言、結(jié)構(gòu)層次和設(shè)題特點，可將選擇范圍大大縮小。然后再根據(jù)小標(biāo)題、主題句、首段尾句和標(biāo)點符號即可預(yù)測答案。



年份
卷別
體裁
主題
設(shè)空位置
命題專家談高考
段首
段中
段尾
2022
新高考
卷Ⅰ
說明文
如何尋找健身伙伴
0
4
1
1.體裁以說明文為主， 間或考查記敘文或議論文。主要圍繞人與自然、人與社會、人與自我三大主題。
2．傾向于不帶標(biāo)題或段落小標(biāo)題， 但文章大都結(jié)構(gòu)清晰。
3．設(shè)空位置以段中為主， 從功能上來說主要考查：
(1)主旨概括句(文章整體內(nèi)容)
(2)過渡性句子(文章結(jié)構(gòu))
(3)注釋性句子(上下文邏輯關(guān)系)
新高考II
說明文
寫文章的技巧
1
4
0
全國乙卷
說明文
五種維系異地友誼的方法
3
1
1
全國甲卷
說明文
外出就餐注意事項
1
3
1
2021
新高考
卷Ⅰ
記敘文
我和丈夫在巴黎一周的生活
1
4
0
新高考II
說明文
提高閱讀速度的建議
1
2
2
全國乙卷
說明文
如何在宴會上讓自己變得有趣
2
2
1
全國甲卷
說明文
服裝交換派對
1
4
0
2020
新高考
卷Ⅰ
說明文
好的演講者需要掌握的一些原則
1
3
1
全國卷Ⅰ
說明文
幾個自我接納的小技巧
1
3
1
全國卷Ⅱ
說明文
表情符號以及在工作交流時所帶來的優(yōu)勢
1
4
0
全國卷Ⅲ
說明文
喬遷聚會的目的，禮物的選取和名稱的由來
2
2
1



由表及里——2步7法縮小選項范圍
閱讀七選五，有七個選項，每個空格就可能有七種選擇，這無疑加大了解題的難度，如何縮小答案范圍，把待選項范圍變小，就顯得尤為重要。

技法一　詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法


(2021·全國甲·片段)
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes，the organization of the event，and，obviously，how much fun is had.It’s really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
·Invite 5－10 people so you have a nice selection. 37 ，and there may not be enough things to choose from；more than that，and it becomes uncontrollable.
...
·Set a starting time.Maybe you say “go”，or turn on a certain song，or whatever. 40 .And don’t forget to put out some cookies and fruits.Remember，it’s a party!
A．Less people than that
B．Hold a clothing swap
C．If two people are competing
D．Just keep music playing throughout
E．Donate whatever clothes are left over
F．Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G．Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
37．答案　A
解析　本空表示條件，與本段中的“more than that”構(gòu)成反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故此處是說，要是參加人數(shù)少于5人，那就可能沒有足夠的衣物可供挑選。故選A。
40．答案　D
解析　空前句講到你可以使用指令“go”，也可以播放一首歌曲或其他，故D項“那就全程播放著音樂”符合語境。并且D項中的music與上一句中的song是同一范疇的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。
技法二　代詞指代法


(2021·浙江1月·片段)
Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem.Make all customers stand in one long，snaking line—called a serpentine line—and serve each person at the front with the next available register. 34 This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants.With a serpentine line，a long delay at one register won’t unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it.Instead，it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall.
A．Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B．So why don’t most places encourage serpentine lines?
C．Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E．How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F．With three registers，this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G．But sometimes，as on a Sunday afternoon，the system gets particularly busy.
34．答案　F
解析　根據(jù)上一句可知，研究人員有一個處理這個問題的好方法。讓所有的顧客站在一條長長的蛇形隊伍中，用下一臺可用的收銀機為前面的每個人服務(wù)。F項中的this method指代第一句中的好方法(a good way)，屬于同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，并且能夠承接上文。


精做高考真題
Passage 1、（2022·全國·高考甲卷）
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (禮節(jié)) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___1___. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. ___2___.
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___3___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
___4___. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. ___5___, the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A．The more friends you make in your lifetime
B．The more time you spend in any given country
C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D．Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E．It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F．Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G．It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal










【語篇解讀】
這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一些外出就餐時要知道的一些重要事項。
【詳情解析】
1．【D】根據(jù)后文“Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world.(知道一些技巧將有助于確保你和朋友或家人一起享受一頓愉快的晚餐——無論你在世界的哪個地方。)”可知，此處是指要學(xué)習(xí)一些用餐禮節(jié)以避免在用餐時犯錯誤，所以選項D“不要在餐館犯尷尬的錯誤”切合文意。故選D。
2．【F】根據(jù)前文“When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.(當(dāng)你在吃的間隙把它們放下來的時候，一定要把它們放在一起，這樣它們就和你面前的桌子邊緣平行了。)”可知，此處是講筷子的擺放方式，所以選項F“不要把它們直立在食物中，也不要在使用時交叉放置”切合文意，選項中的them指的就是本段中的chopsticks。故選F。
3．【C】根據(jù)前文“In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand.(在印度和中東，用左手吃飯被認為是非常不禮貌的。法國人希望你每只手拿一個餐具吃飯。)”可知，此處舉例說明幾個地方的用餐方式，且根據(jù)后文“instead preferring to use their hands(相反更喜歡用手)”可知，此處是指不喜歡用餐具用餐，所以選項C“墨西哥人認為用餐具吃飯是不合適的”切合文意。故選C。
4．【G】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Making Requests”(提出要求)可知，此處是講在用餐時提出要求，根據(jù)后文“In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. (在葡萄牙，這將是一個嚴(yán)重的錯誤，因為這表明你不喜歡廚師的調(diào)味技巧。)”可知，后文中的this是指要求額外的調(diào)料，所以選項G“吃飯時要鹽和胡椒似乎是一個簡單的請求”切合文意。故選G。
5．【B】根據(jù)后文“the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices(你就會對它的外國文化習(xí)俗感到越舒服)”可知，此處句式為“the more...,the more...”，且its是指“國家的”，所以此處是指在一個國家待的時間越久，選項B“你在某個國家待的時間越久”切合文意。故選B。
Passage 2、（2021·全國新高考I卷）
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.____6____So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked. ____7____Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. ____8____ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
____9____ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency.
A．Not all the customers are tourists.
B．The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C．There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D．The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E．That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F．Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G．The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.

You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded.____10____When do these people work? The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.









【語篇解讀】
這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者和丈夫在巴黎待了一段時間了解到的法國人的一些生活習(xí)慣的經(jīng)歷。
【詳情解析】
6．【F】下文“So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.(所以我們做的第一件事就是租了一個非常昂貴第六層的公寓，只有一個櫥柜那么大)”說明作者和丈夫采取行動，租了昂貴的公寓，F(xiàn)項“我們的目標(biāo)是看看我們是否在某種程度上能像真正的巴黎人那樣生活?！闭f明作者和丈夫租昂貴公寓的原因，引出下文，符合題意。故選F項。
7．【C】上文“Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing worked.(與普通的巴黎公寓不同，水管工作正常)”說明作者租的公寓的情況，C項“有一個漂亮的廚房和一張舒適的床”繼續(xù)說明公寓的配置，承接上文，符合題意。故選C項。
8．【G】下文“French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.(法國草莓嘗起來不像紙板。相反，它們會像小炸彈一樣在你嘴里爆炸)”說明法國的草莓很美味，G項中delicious是關(guān)鍵詞，G項“食物是如此美味，你不需要吃太多就能使你快樂”引出下文，符合題意。故選G項。
9．【E】下文“My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!(我丈夫和我都認為這是我們吃過的最好的水果。但它們要18美元!)”說明法國的水果好吃但是很貴，E項“這并不是法國人吃得比我們少的唯一原因”承接上文法國人吃的少但是不胖的話題，并引出下文，說明法國人吃的少的另一個原因“物價昂貴”。故選E項。
10．【A】上文“In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded. (在法國生活質(zhì)量比效率更重要。這一點你能從咖啡館生活看出來。法國的咖啡廳總是很擁擠)”說明了法國人會去咖啡館，認為生活質(zhì)量比效率更重要，以及下文“When do these people work?(這些人什么時候工作？)”說明咖啡館中的顧客有法國人，A項中customer符合咖啡館的情境設(shè)定，A項“并不是所有的顧客都是游客。”承上啟下，符合題意。故選A項。
Passage 3、（2021·全國·高考乙卷）
According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party.
___11___, if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living?”, you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking to. ___12___, it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation.
___13___? If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (講臺). If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation.___14___.
And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (贊揚). ___15___. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.
A．How do you know the host
B．The first step is to go exploring
C．If you ask the question “How did you get here?”
D．Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E．Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F．What about that person who had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G．He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most






【語篇解讀】
本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了在晚宴上讓自己表現(xiàn)得有趣的一些方法。
【詳情解析】
11．【B】上文“it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party (在晚宴上讓自己變得有趣并不難)”說明晚宴上讓自己變得有趣是不太困難的，以及下文“So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers. (所以最主要的事情就是去嘗試，去冒險，嘗試不同的食物，和陌生人交談)”說明在晚宴上讓自己變得有趣的方法，B項“第一步是去探索”承上啟下，符合題意。故選B項。
12．【C】下文“it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation. (它可以引入“我有這輛破舊的車”或“我和那些在后面嘲笑愚蠢笑話的瘋子一起乘坐公共汽車?！彼皇情_啟了對話)”說明得到回答，開啟對話，C項“如果你問問題“你是怎么到達這里的？”提出問題，引出下文，符合題意。故選C項。
13．【F】下文“If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox. (如果你不能拿走他們的酒，你當(dāng)然應(yīng)該讓他們離開講話的地方)”說明要采取方法，拿走他們的酒或者讓他們離開講話的地方，F(xiàn)項“喝太多酒或一直說個不停的人怎么辦”提出問題，引出下文的解決辦法，符合題意。故選F項。
14．【E】上文“If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (講臺). If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. (如果你不能拿走他們的酒，你當(dāng)然應(yīng)該讓他們離開講話的地方。如果你是主人，你可以讓他們到廚房幫你做點什么，只是為了讓他們從那種情景中離開)”說明面對喝太多酒或者一直說個不停的人時，可以采取的方法，E項“或者把談話變成他們沒什么可說的話題”提出另一種解決辦法，承接上文，符合題意。故選E項。
15．【G】上文“If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment.(如果你在晚宴上遭遇了尷尬的沉默，唯一能讓大家再次交談的方法就是贊美主人)”說明贊美主人可以緩解尷尬的沉默，以及下文“This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.(這蛋糕特別好吃，你得告訴我它的一切)”說明對主人進行贊美的具體做法，G項中He or she 指代上文中的主人，G項“他或她是最能感受到那種尷尬的人”承上啟下，符合題意。故選G項
Passage 4、（2020·浙江·高考真題）
If something that you’re doing doesn’t challenge you, then it doesn’t change you. We all need some normal stress in our lives, after all. ___16___ So challenge the following limits: ?
Figure out what you’re scared of and do it continuously.
If you’re a salesman, and you’re scared of talking to people personally or over the phone, now, instead of being scared and thinking you’ll fail, spend at least five minutes a day to pick up the phone and make a call. ___17___ But don’t stop on the first try! ?
Eventually, you can look at fear in the eyes and say, “Go on, I’m not scared!”
___18___
Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career; you have to relax and relieve your stress while performing this. Some examples might be cooking, sewing, painting and so on.
Apart from helping you challenge yourself, taking a class for your hobby may also give you extra income.
Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise.
___19___ A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself. Exercise can not only help you maintain your regular weight, but also make you feel better about yourself. ?
Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people.
Don’t just limit yourself to your fellow travelers — try to connect with the service staff.
You never know what kind of people they’re going to be. Get out of your house or go online right now to book your class. ___20___
A．You should do it continuously.
B．Someone may hang up on you.
C．You don’t need to go to the gym.
D．Running in the gym may be a better choice.
E．Start to travel now and learn to challenge yourself.
F．Take a class for a hobby you’ve been wanting to develop.
G．You can never see any improvement if you stick to your comfort zone.










【語篇解讀】
這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了4種挑戰(zhàn)自己的方法，有挑戰(zhàn)才有提高，待在自己的舒適區(qū)只會原地踏步。
【詳情解析】
16．【G】根據(jù)上文“If something that you’re doing doesn’t challenge you, then it doesn’t change you. We all need some normal stress in our lives, after all. (如果你做的事情沒有挑戰(zhàn)你，那么它也不會改變你。畢竟，生活中我們都需要一些正常的壓力)”和下文“So challenge the following limits (因此，挑戰(zhàn)以下極限) ”可知，空處進一步解釋說明如果你一直呆在自己的舒適區(qū)，你永遠不會看到任何進步。故選G。
17．【B】根據(jù)上文“If you’re a salesman, and you’re scared of talking to people personally or over the phone, now, instead of being scared and thinking you’ll fail, spend at least five minutes a day to pick up the phone and make a call. (如果你是一名銷售人員，你害怕與人當(dāng)面交談或在電話中交談，現(xiàn)在，不要害怕，不要認為你會失敗，每天至少花五分鐘拿起電話打個電話)”可知，B項中的“hang up”與上文中“pick up the phone and make a call”對應(yīng)。B項：Someone may hang up on you.(有人可能會掛斷你的電話)符合題意。故選B。
18．【F】空處為段落小標(biāo)題。結(jié)合下文“Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career; you have to relax and relieve your stress while performing this.(確定這個愛好和你的工作無關(guān);在做的時候，你必須放松，釋放壓力)”可知，“this hobby”和F項中的“Take a class for a hobby”對應(yīng)。F項：Take a class for a hobby you’ve been wanting to develop.(參加你一直想培養(yǎng)的愛好的課程)符合語境。故選F。
19．【C】根據(jù)空后面的“A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself.(在小區(qū)里簡單地跑9分鐘就可以創(chuàng)造奇跡)”可知, 填空處表示鍛煉不需要去健身房。故選C。
20．【E】根據(jù)這一段的小標(biāo)題“Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people.(去旅行，讓自己對新朋友感興趣)”以及空前面一句“Get out of your house or go online right now to book your class.(走出你的房子，或者馬上上網(wǎng)去預(yù)定你的課程)”可知，空處表示現(xiàn)在就去旅行，學(xué)會挑戰(zhàn)自己。故選E。
Passage 5、（2020·北京·高考真題）
Many people think that positive thinking is mostly about keeping one's head in the sand and ignoring daily problems, trying to look optimistic. In reality it has more to do with the way an individual talks to himself. Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself.____21____Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop negative self-talks and start to form a positive view on an issue. People who regularly practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more effectively. They are less exposed to stress caused by external factors. They tend to believe in themselves and in what they do.
____22____People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans, lower rates of depression and anxiety, better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also contributes to one's ability to deal with problems and hardships.____23____For example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer against depression and anxiety. Resilient people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge, a chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress.____24____
In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and improving the quality of one's life. It doesn't have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a problem.____25____
A．It doesn't cause any severe emotional discomfort, either.
B．Negative self-talk damages self-confidence and decreases self-respect.
C．It helps one to remain clear-headed and confident in difficult situations.
D．Positive thinking has several beneficial effects on the body and the mind.
E．As thinking changes, an individual's behaviour and habits change as well.
F．They often offer a real alternative to the common and regular way of thinking.
G．They often feel discouraged long before trying to solve the problem, even if small.

Thinking in a positive, self-encouraging way brings about many benefits to one's physical and mental health.









【語篇解讀】
這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了積極思考對人產(chǎn)生的各種益處，同時將積極思考者與悲觀主義者相比較，分析兩種人的差異。積極思維是應(yīng)對困難時期和提高個人生活質(zhì)量的強大而有效的工具。
【詳情解析】
21．【B】根據(jù)上文“Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself.(自我對話是一個人持續(xù)不斷的想法，他常常對一些事件、現(xiàn)象、人，甚至是他自己都沒有意識和不確定)”以及后文“Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop negative self-talks and start to form a positive view on an issue.(同時，積極的思考可以幫助停止消極的自我對話，開始形成對一個問題的積極的觀點)”由此可知，上文對自我對話進行了定義，后文則提到了積極的思考可以有助于停止消極的自我對話，可知本句是在說明消極的自我對話對人的不良影響。后文中negative self-talks可對應(yīng)到B選項中Negative self-talk。故B選項“消極的自言自語會損害自信，降低自尊”符合語境，故選B。
22．【D】根據(jù)后文“People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans, lower rates of depression and anxiety, better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also contributes to one's ability to deal with problems and hardships.(積極思考的人壽命更長，抑郁和焦慮率更低，身心更健康，死于心臟問題的風(fēng)險更低。積極的思考也有助于一個人處理問題和困難的能力)”由此可知，后文提到了積極思考對人的益處，后文中People who think positively以及Positive thinking可對應(yīng)到D選項中Positive thinking。故D選項“積極思考對身心有幾個有益的影響”符合語境，故選D。
23．【C】根據(jù)后文“For example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer against depression and anxiety.(例如，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)危機伴隨著強烈的情緒時，比如自然災(zāi)害，積極的思考可以為抑郁和焦慮提供一種緩沖)”可知，后文舉出的例子說明了積極思考可以讓一個人在面臨危機時，保持冷靜。故C選項“它幫助一個人在困難的情況下保持頭腦清醒和自信”符合語境，故選C。
24．【G】根據(jù)上文“Resilient people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge, a chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress.(積極思考的、有韌性的人傾向于把每一個問題都看作是一個挑戰(zhàn)，一個改進的機會，或者一個個人成長的機會。相反，悲觀主義者傾向于將問題視為額外壓力的來源)可知，上文在將積極思考者與悲觀主義者相比較，本句應(yīng)承接上文，進一步解釋說明悲觀主義者在解決問題時一些性格特點。上文Pessimists可對應(yīng)到G選項中They。故G選項“他們常常在試圖解決問題之前就感到氣餒，即使是很小的問題”符合語境，故選G。
25．【A】根據(jù)上文“In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and improving the quality of one's life. It doesn't have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a problem. (總之，積極思考是應(yīng)對困難時期和提高個人生活質(zhì)量的強大而有效的工具。當(dāng)一個人拒絕注意到一個問題時，它與無知的樂觀主義沒有任何關(guān)系)”可知，本句承接上文進一步說明一個人拒絕注意到問題的影響，它與無知的樂觀主義沒有任何關(guān)系，也不會引起任何嚴(yán)重的情緒不適。故A選項“它也不會引起任何嚴(yán)重的情緒不適”符合語境，故選A。
　挑戰(zhàn)名?？碱}
Passage 1、（2022--2023學(xué)年度重慶市育才中學(xué)高三期中質(zhì)量檢測）
Every day is a gift, and if you look forward to enjoying each day, then you need to learn to make the most of your day.____1____
Have a great morning routine. A good start will make you feel good and is sure to make the rest of your day good as well. Rise early and get ready for your new day. ____2____ Listen to good music. Have a wonderful breakfast. All these will help you start your day in a positive way.
Make time for short breaks. Since we spend most of our day in the workplace, it is necessary to relax between different tasks. Set a timer on your phone or computer to remind you it’s time to get up, leave your desk, go out and get some fresh air.
____3____ Doing the same things every day is very boring. To prevent this, step out and take some time to do things that you have never done before. This will not only make a day exciting, but it’ll also build your confidence.
Ask someone to be your accountability partner. It could be your brother or sister, or a good friend. ____4____ He or she will help you get over difficulties and achieve your goals.
Plan your schedule for the next day the night before. ____5____ This will help you save much time later in the??day. Focus on one thing at a time and give it your best try before moving on to the next one.
A．Go for a morning walk or run.
B．Here are some tips that can help you.
C．Try something new and learn from it.
D．Review your day before going sleeping at night.
E．Do everything you can to have a good time every day.
F．This person encourages you, supports you and loves you.
G．Make a list of all the tasks you want to complete the next day.









【語篇解讀】
本文是一篇說明文。文章就如何充分利用你的每一天，提出了一些建議。
【詳情解析】
1．【B】根據(jù)前文的“Every day is a gift, and if you look forward to enjoying each day, then you need to learn to make the most of your day.(每一天都是一份禮物，如果你期待享受每一天，那么你需要學(xué)會充分利用你的每一天。)”可知，接下來要講述的就是如何充分利用好每一天。選項B.“Here are some tips that can help you.(這里有一些可以幫助你的建議。)”承上啟下，承接前文的主題：如何充分利用每一天，又引出下文的“對解決該問題提出建議”，故選B。
2．【A】根據(jù)空前的“Rise early and get ready for your new day.(早起，為新的一天做好準(zhǔn)備)”以及空后的“Listen to good music. Have a wonderful breakfast.(聽好音樂。吃愉快的早餐。)”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該也為祈使句，并且都是早晨要做的事兒。故選項A.“Go for a morning walk or run.(早上散步或跑步。)”符合題意。故選A。
3．【C】根據(jù)空后的“Doing the same things every day is very boring. To prevent this, step out and take some time to do things that you have never done before.(每天做同樣的事情是很無聊的。為了避免這種情況，你可以走出去，花點時間做一些你以前從未做過的事情。)”可知，作者建議可以花點時間做一些新的事情。故選項C.“Try something new and learn from it.(嘗試些新的東西)”與此相符。故選C。
4．【F】根據(jù)本段中心句“Ask someone to be your accountability partner. (讓某人成為你的負責(zé)任伙伴)”和后句“He or she will help you get over difficulties and achieve your goals. (他或她會幫助你克服困難，實現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo))”可知，找一個人能夠激勵和幫助你的人。選項F.“This person encourages you, supports you and loves you. (這個人鼓勵你，支持你，愛你)”符合上下文語境。選項中的“This person”指代前句中的“accountability partner”。故選F。
5．【G】根據(jù)本段中心句“Plan your schedule for the next day the night before. (前一天晚上就計劃好第二天的日程安排)”和后句“This will help you save much time later in the day. (這將幫助你在一天的晚些時候節(jié)省很多時間)”可知，安排好第二天需要完成的任務(wù)。選項G.“Make a list of all the tasks you want to complete the next day. (列出第二天你要完成的所有任務(wù))”符合上下文語境。選項中的“the next day”和前句中的“the next day”相一致。故選G。
Passage 2、（2023屆貴州·凱里一中高三11月份階段考試）
___6___. A study recently published in Current Biology reflects previous perspective. Can you catch up on lost sleep? Here’s what the science says.
Losing even an hour puts you in sleep debt.
___7___: Withdraw an hour on Monday, then deposit an extra one on Saturday to break even. But as far as truly making up for the lost sleep during the week, you really can’t make up for it hour by hour. Research has suggested that a person would actually need four days of adequate rest to make up for even one hour of sleep debt. ___8___, it’s almost mathematically impossible to close that gap over only two weekend nights.
Your circadian clock (生物鐘) is more sensitive than you think.
Pulling an occasional all-nighter or extra-early morning may not seem like a big deal. But tiredness isn’t the only consequence of an uncertain sleep schedule. ___9___. Your circadian clock naturally starts producing sleep-promoting melatonin (褪黑素) around 9 p.m., and levels stay high throughout the night before dropping off in the morning. Light exposure influences circadian rhythms somewhat—which is why you may have trouble sleeping after using screens at night—but if you maintain stable sleep and wake times, your internal clock should be similarly reliable.
___10___.
If you’re exhausted by the time Saturday arrives, you should select a midday nap rather than a marathon overnight sleep. Previous research has also linked naps to better, memory focus and creativity. The National Sleep Foundation says that just 20 minutes of napping is enough to leave you feeling refreshed, as long as you don’t nap too close to bedtime.
A．Napping is better than sleeping in
B．Many people think of sleep like a bank account
C．If you spend that extra time sleeping during the week
D．Since many people get less sleep than they need just about every weeknight
E．Preserving your circadian rhythms by napping may improve your sleeping quality
F．Experts have long said you can’t make up for lost sleep by sleeping more on your days off
G．It also disrupts your circadian clock, a system that regulates hormone levels to promote sleep

【語篇解讀】
本文是一篇說明文。介紹了針對熬夜后補覺是否有用的科學(xué)依據(jù)。
【詳情解析】
6．【F】下文“A study recently published in Current Biology reflects previous perspective. Can you catch up on lost sleep? Here’s what the science says. (最近發(fā)表在《當(dāng)代生物學(xué)》上的一項研究回應(yīng)了以前的觀點。你能彌補失去的睡眠嗎？接下來的這些是科學(xué)告訴我們的。)”引出問題：我們能否彌補失去的睡眠，回應(yīng)了專家的觀點。F項“Experts have long said you can’t make up for lost sleep by sleeping more on your days off (專家長期以來一直表示，你不能通過在休息日多睡一會兒來彌補失去的睡眠)”介紹了長久以來專家們對補覺的觀點，銜接下文。故選F。
7．【B】下文“Withdraw an hour on Monday, then deposit an extra one on Saturday to break even. (周一提取一個小時，然后在周六額外存入一個小時以達到收支平衡。)”舉例說明如何彌補睡眠。B項“Many people think of sleep like a bank account (許多人認為睡眠就像一個銀行賬戶一樣)”指出睡眠像銀行賬戶，引出下文對“bank account”的解釋，故選B。
8．【D】根據(jù)下文“it’s almost mathematically impossible to close that gap over only two weekend nights. (從數(shù)學(xué)上講，僅僅在周末的兩個晚上，幾乎是不可能縮小這一差距的。)”可知,在周末的兩個晚上幾乎不能彌補工作日缺失的睡眠。D項“Since many people get less sleep than they need just about every weeknight (由于許多人的睡眠時間幾乎少于每個工作日晚上的需求)”說明人們在工作日睡眠不足。引出下文：在周末的兩個晚上幾乎不能彌補工作日缺失的睡眠。故選D。
9．【G】下文“Your circadian clock naturally starts producing sleep-promoting melatonin (褪黑素) around 9 p.m., and levels stay high throughout the night before dropping off in the morning. (你的生物鐘在晚上9點左右自然開始產(chǎn)生促進睡眠的褪黑素，并且整晚都保持高水平，然后在早上下降。)”介紹人體的生物鐘是如何運轉(zhuǎn)的。G項“It also disrupts your circadian clock, a system that regulates hormone levels to promote sleep (它還會擾亂你的生物鐘，這是一種調(diào)節(jié)激素水平以促進睡眠的系統(tǒng))”引出下文，介紹生物鐘這一概念，故選G。
10．【A】下文“If you’re exhausted by the time Saturday arrives, you should select a midday nap rather than a marathon overnight sleep. Previous research has also linked naps to better, memory focus and creativity. (如果你到周六時已經(jīng)筋疲力盡，你應(yīng)該選擇午睡，而不是馬拉松式的徹夜長眠。以前的研究也將小睡與更好的記憶力和創(chuàng)造力聯(lián)系起來。)”說明小憩比睡懶覺好，以及小憩的好處。A項“Napping is better than sleeping in (小憩一會比睡懶覺好)”概括下文，說明小憩一會比睡懶覺好。故選A。
Passage 3、（2022·甘肅·蘭州市外國語高級中學(xué)高三適應(yīng)性考試）
You have been told more than once to gain greater confidence and believe your best days may still lie ahead. Now I tell you some secrets of improving confidence.
When you look good, you feel good. So take pride in your appearance. Make it a point to practice good hygiene (衛(wèi)生), and get dressed each morning like you are going to work . ____11____ Then you’ll find that your opinion of yourself becomes more positive.
Activities like learning to paint or play an instrument, studying a foreign language, and taking dance lessons or writing classes help inspire the natural desire to learn and master a new skill. ____12____ But it shows you can still accomplish new things and find enjoyment in them. This also reminds you that it’s okay to make mistakes, so you can improve and grow, which helps build self-confidence.
____13____ Find a fitness challenge that you need to overcome, create a plan, and then work to meet that goal. Any form of exercise is beneficial for both physical and mental health. Regular exercise also helps you build confidence, while setting a challenge with mini-goals along the way lets you experience the wonderful feeling of accomplishment.
It’s not easy to go out and interact with people as you age. ____14____ Lack of confidence can make socializing a challenge, so it is a good idea to volunteer. Choose something you enjoy that also provides personal interaction and gives you a chance to use your available skills.
Help from your friends and teachers allows you to work through barriers that affect confidence. Never be afraid to seek help when you need it.
____15____
A．Face new challenges bravely.
B．Challenge yourself physically.
C．Being a beginner again is tough.
D．Make efforts to improve your appearance.
E．It’s always a good thing to help each other.
F．You will improve your confidence instantly.
G．And this is even harder when you feel less confident.









【語篇解讀】
這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了提高自信心的方法。
【詳情解析】
11．【D】根據(jù)上文“When you look good, you feel good. So take pride in your appearance. (當(dāng)你看起來很好的時候，你感覺很好。所以為你的外表感到驕傲)”可知，本段主要圍繞通過改善自己外貌來提高自信展開。D項“Make efforts to improve your appearance.(努力改善你的外表)”符合本段主旨。故選D。
12．【C】根據(jù)下文“But it shows you can still accomplish new things and find enjoyment in them. This also reminds you that it’s okay to make mistakes, so you can improve and grow, which helps build self-confidence.(但它表明你仍然可以完成新的事情并從中找到樂趣。這也提醒你，犯錯是可以的，所以你可以改進和成長，這有助于建立自信)”中的but可知，空處與下文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，且下文提到了“完成新的事情”和“犯錯”。由此推知，空處陳述犯錯之后重新開始很難。C項“Being a beginner again is tough.(再次成為初學(xué)者很難)”符合題意，beginner呼應(yīng)下文accomplish new things。故選C。
13．【B】空處為本段主旨句。根據(jù)下文“Find a fitness challenge that you need to overcome, create a plan, and then work to meet that goal. Any form of exercise is beneficial for both physical and mental health. (找到你需要克服的健身挑戰(zhàn)，制定計劃，然后努力實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。任何形式的鍛煉都有利于身心健康)”可知，本段建議在身體上給自己一些挑戰(zhàn)。B項“Challenge yourself physically.(在身體上給自己一些挑戰(zhàn))”符合題意，可以作為主旨句，physically呼應(yīng)下文的physical。故選B。
14．【G】根據(jù)上文“It’s not easy to go out and interact with people as you age.(隨著年齡的增長，外出與人互動并不容易)”和下文“Lack of confidence can make socializing a challenge, so it is a good idea to volunteer(缺乏自信會使社交成為一種挑戰(zhàn)，做志愿者是個好主意)”可知，上文指出隨著年齡的增長與他人互動不容易，下文指出缺乏自信使社交成為挑戰(zhàn)。由此推知，空處承上啟下，指出沒有自信讓與他人的互動變得更加困難。G項“And this is even harder when you feel less confident.(當(dāng)你感到不自信時，這就更難了)”符合題意，this指代上文的“外出與人互動并不容易”這件事，confident與下文confidence呼應(yīng)。故選G。
15．【E】根據(jù)上文“Never be afraid to seek help when you need it.(當(dāng)你需要幫助時，不要害怕尋求幫助)”再結(jié)合空處所處位置推知，此處總結(jié)本段，提醒大家不要忘了相互幫助的好處。E項“It’s always a good thing to help each other.(互相幫助總是件好事)”符合題意，help是關(guān)鍵詞。故選E。
Passage 4、（2022--2023學(xué)年度廣東深圳龍崗區(qū)六校高三期中聯(lián)考試題）
How Can I Fight Laziness?
Lazy people will never amount to anything in life. However, laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind.
____16____ Many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. These people have little motivation once they arrive home. By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful sleep, you can fight laziness throughout the day.
Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task. Others take a more proactive approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone.____17____
Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations that surround them. A television in the living room may provide entertainment, but watching too much TV often contributes to laziness.____18____ Complete a few tasks and entertain yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film.
Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home. Couples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately.____19____ Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the home may eventually follow your example and perform their own task. It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated people.
____20____Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling you to have more energy and help lift your spirits.
A．Laziness appears when you no longer feel in charge of your own mind.
B．To fight family laziness, set an example.
C．Knowing how to fight laziness is important.
D．Doing sports regularly can help you fight laziness.
E．One way to fight laziness is to get a good night’s rest.
F．With a positive attitude, you will be able to achieve your goal.
G．Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for the children.










【語篇解讀】
這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些克服懶惰的方法。
【詳情解析】
16．【E】根據(jù)后文“Many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. These people have little motivation once they arrive home. By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest, you can fight laziness throughout the day.(許多人經(jīng)常缺乏睡眠，因為他們熬夜過晚，無法早起準(zhǔn)備工作。這些人一旦回到家就沒有什么動力了。通過調(diào)整你的睡眠時間表，提供幾個小時重要的休息，你可以戰(zhàn)勝一整天的懶惰)”可知，本段講關(guān)于克服懶惰的方法是要獲得充足的睡眠，E選項One way to fight laziness is to get a good night’s rest.(對抗懶惰的一個方法是好好休息一晚)符合文意，其中sleep與后文對應(yīng)。故選E項。
17．【A】根據(jù)上文“Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task. Others take a more proactive approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone.(另一種戰(zhàn)勝懶惰的方法是把思想從被動轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橹鲃?。有些人對待自己的生活就好像是被迫從一個任務(wù)推到另一個任務(wù)。另一些人則采取更積極主動的方法，將每項任務(wù)視為他們必須獨自克服的挑戰(zhàn))”可知，本段主要講克服懶惰的方法是變被動為主動，也就是說，要主動掌握生活，A項Laziness appears when you no longer feel in charge of your own mind.(當(dāng)你不再能掌控自己的思想時，懶惰就會出現(xiàn))切題。該項與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，其中your own mind與上文 your mind對應(yīng)。故選A項。
18．【G】根據(jù)后文“Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film.(完成一些任務(wù)，用自己喜歡的東西獎勵自己，比如一頓美餐或一場電影)”可知，后文提到了用自己喜歡的東西獎勵自己，說明克服懶惰的方法是給予自己獎勵，而G項Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for the children.(為自己建立一個獎勵制度，就像父母為孩子做的那樣)符合語境，其中Create a reward system for yourself對應(yīng)后文中reward yourself。故選G項。
19．【B】根據(jù)上文“Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home. Couples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately.(懶惰在家里也是一個長期存在的問題。夫妻和孩子的精力可能各不相同，但如果不立即處理，懶惰會蔓延開來)”以及后文“Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the home may eventually follow your example and perform their own task. It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated people.(飯后要第一個收拾碗碟。家里的其他人最終可能會以你為榜樣，完成他們自己的任務(wù)。當(dāng)你周圍都是干勁十足的人時，很難養(yǎng)成懶惰的習(xí)慣)”可知，本段主要是關(guān)于如何克服家庭懶惰，上文提到懶惰蔓延，后文則提到了要樹立榜樣，而B項To fight family laziness, set an example.(為了對抗家庭懶惰，要樹立榜樣)符合語境，其中family對應(yīng)上文中at home。故選B項。
20．【D】根據(jù)后文“Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling you to have more energy and help lift your spirits.(足夠的運動和均衡的飲食可以幫助你養(yǎng)成健康的生活方式，從而使你有更多的精力，并幫助你振作精神)”可知，本段主要說明的是通過鍛煉來克服懶惰，D選項Doing sports regularly can help you fight laziness.(經(jīng)常鍛煉可以幫助你戰(zhàn)勝懶惰)符合文意，其中Doing sports對應(yīng)后文中Enough exercise。故選D項。
Passage 5、（甘肅省天水市第一中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年度高三上學(xué)期段考試題）
Communication Tips
Here are some suggestions about making your talk with your parents turn out for the best.
Be honest.
If you’re always honest, your parents will be likely to believe what you say. If you sometimes hide the truth, parents will have a harder time to believe what you tell them.___21___
Be brave and start talking.
It’s easy to say “Hi, Mum” or “Dad, can you pass the potatoes?” ___22___??Let’s face it. You will feel embarrassed (尷尬的)when talking about something personal, but your parents know you quite well. They were your age once, too! So don’t let a little embarrassment stop you. It’s OK to go ahead and share what’s on your mind.
___23___
If you have a disagreement, can you consider things from your parents’ points of view? If you can, telling your parents you understand their views and feelings helps them be willing to understand yours, too.
Try not to argue.
Using a friendly and respectful tone makes your parents more likely to listen to you and take what you say seriously. ___24___
What if it doesn’t work? If you still can’t talk to your parents, seek other adults’ help.___25___ Then follow all the tips above to make you communicate with that person well.
A．Explain your situation.
B．Try to understand them.
C．If you lie, they’ll find it hard to trust you.
D．Parents are the most important people in your life.
E．But it can be harder to start talking about personal topics.
F．It also makes it more likely that they’ll talk to you in the same way.
G．Find a relative or a teacher who will listen to, understand and care about you.










【語篇解讀】
這是一篇說明文。介紹了可以和父母更好溝通的幾條建議。
【詳情解析】
21．【C】本段的小標(biāo)題是“Be honest (要誠實)”，所以該段重點圍繞誠實這個話題。所以C選項“如果你撒謊，他們很難相信你”符合題意，選項中的“l(fā)ie”呼應(yīng)前文的“hide the truth”。故答案為C。
22．【E】空后“Let’s face it. You will feel embarrassed (尷尬的)when talking about something personal, but your parents know you quite well. They were your age once, too! So don’t let a little embarrassment stop you. (我們要勇于面對它。你會感到尷尬當(dāng)談?wù)撘恍┧饺说氖虑闀r，但你的父母很了解你。他們曾經(jīng)也是你的年齡！所以不要讓那一點尷尬阻止你)”強調(diào)要去和父母談?wù)撍饺嗽掝}，不要感覺尷尬，所以E選項“但開始談?wù)撍饺嗽掝}可能會更加困難”符合題意?？蘸蟮拇~“it”指代選項的“ talking about personal topics”。故答案為E。
23．【B】該空處于小標(biāo)題的位置，由其它段落的標(biāo)題“Be honest. (要誠實)”、“Be brave and start talking. (勇敢點，開始交流)”和“Try not to argue.(盡量不要爭吵)”可知小標(biāo)題是祈使句，所以答案可定位到A和B選項。該段內(nèi)容“If you have a disagreement, can you consider things from your parents’ points of view? If you can, telling your parents you understand their views and feelings helps them be willing to understand yours, too. (如果你有分歧，你能從父母的角度考慮嗎？如果可以的話，告訴你的父母你理解他們的觀點和感受有助于他們也愿意理解你的觀點)”強調(diào)要站在父母的角度，學(xué)會理解父母，所以B選項“Try to understand them. (盡量去理解他們)”可作為本段標(biāo)題。故答案為B。
24．【F】本段的小標(biāo)題是“Try not to argue.(盡量不要爭吵)”，所以該段重點圍繞不要爭吵這個話題?？涨啊癠sing a friendly and respectful tone makes your parents??more likely to listen to you and take what you say seriously. (使用友好和尊重的語氣會讓你的父母更有可能傾聽你的意見，并認真對待你所說的話)”強調(diào)對父母說話的語氣要友好和尊重。F選項“這也使得他們更有可能以同樣的方式與你交談”中的 “in the same way”呼應(yīng)前文的“Using a friendly and respectful tone”。故答案為F。
25．【G】空前“If you still can’t talk to your parents, seek other adults’ help. (如果你仍然無法與父母交談，請尋求其他成年人的幫助)”作者強調(diào)如果以上建議無效，可以尋求其他成年人的幫助，G選項“找一個會傾聽、理解和關(guān)心你的親戚或老師”中的“Find a relative or a teacher”呼應(yīng)前文的“seek other adults’ help”。故答案為G。
Passage 6、（2023屆山東省實驗中學(xué)上學(xué)期高三第一次診斷考試）
Your first day of school can be a nervous time. However, there are lots of ways that you can prepare in advance to help your first day go as smoothly as possible.
Locate your classes on the school map. If you are going to a big school or college, it’s really useful to know where all your classes are. Print out a map and highlight where your classes are. ____26____
Check your school’s website for information about your classes. Some high schools and colleges have websites where students can log in and find messages and materials from their teachers. ____27____ You can see if there are any messages or special materials you will need to review.
____28____ On your first day of school, you will most likely be asked to participate in games. These are a great way to get to know other people in your class but can be a bit nerve wracking if you feel shy. Practice saying your name, 2 facts about yourself, and where you are from.
Contact your friends and see if you have any of the same classes. If you already know someone at your school, ask if they have any of the same classes or lunch periods. ____29____ Having someone you know will help you to feel more comfortable in a new environment.
Go to bed early the night before. This will give you less time to worry about the next day. Try to have a relaxing evening and go to bed at a reasonable time. ____30____ Otherwise, you may end up lying in bed feeling anxious.


A．Get up early in case of being late.
B．Log into your school’s website before the first day.
C．Don’t try to go to bed too much earlier than usual.
D．If they do, organize to meet up before class or lunch.
E．Prepare some answers to popular icebreaker questions.
F．If you are having trouble finding your classroom, ask staff for help.
G．This will stop you from completely losing your head on your first day.









【語篇解讀】
本是一篇說明文。主要介紹了能夠讓上學(xué)第一天盡可能順利地進行的幾點建議。
【詳情解析】
26．【G】上文“Print out a map and highlight where your classes are. (打印一張地圖，并突出顯示您的課程所在位置)”說明地圖的重要性在于不會讓你暈頭轉(zhuǎn)向，因此G項“這將阻止你在第一天完全失去理智。”與上文一致，并且選項中的this指代上文，故選G。
27．【B】上文“Some high schools and colleges have websites where students can log in and find messages and materials from their teachers. (一些高中和大學(xué)有網(wǎng)站，學(xué)生可以登錄網(wǎng)站，從老師那里找到信息和材料)”此處關(guān)鍵詞是“websites”因此B項“在第一天之前登錄學(xué)校的網(wǎng)站。”符合語境，故選B。
28．【E】下文“On your first day of school, you will most likely be asked to participate in games. These are a great way to get to know other people in your class but can be a bit nerve wracking if you feel shy. (開學(xué)第一天，你很可能會被要求參加游戲。這是了解班上其他人的好方法，但如果你感到害羞，可能會有點緊張。)”中注意代詞these指的是popular icebreaker questions.因此E項“準(zhǔn)備一些常見的破冰問題的答案?！狈险Z境，故選E。
29．【D】上文“If you already know someone at your school, ask if they have any of the same classes or lunch periods. (如果你已經(jīng)在學(xué)校認識某人，問問他們是否有相同的課程或午餐時間)”此處說的是聯(lián)系朋友的恰當(dāng)?shù)臅r間，因此D項“如果有，在上課或午餐前組織會面。”符合語境，故選D。
30．【C】上文“Go to bed early the night before. (前一天晚上早點睡覺。)”說的是睡眠問題，因此C項“不要比平時早睡太久。”符合語境，故選C。
Passage 7、（2023屆湖北省華師一附中上學(xué)期高三11月份測試）
The earliest known music festival occurred in the 6th century BCE. After centuries’ development, by the late 1960s, Rock bands began to organize their own music festivals. Perhaps the first formal and well-known festival to Rock was the Monterey Pop Festival in 1967, which brought that band to the attention of American audiences.___31___ It started in 1968 as an event with about 10,000 people.
By 1970, the festival grew to bring in more than 600,000 people, showing the popularity of music festivals to organizers. Many others also began to organize such events. The Summerfest Festival was established in 1968.___32___Interestingly, this festival made cities realize festivals could bring many benefits. This helped to spread the idea of creating not only musical festivals but also other types of festivals, such as those related to food and film.
___33___ It drew so many people, making it the first large Rock music festival. Abled as “three days of love and peace”, Woodstock featured many well-known bands and artists, making Rock music festivals known to many Americans and Europeans.
___34___ Many genres(類型)now have their own music festivals, ranging from Classical music to Heavy Metal. Countries in every habitable continent have music festivals. Some focus on traditional, folk music.___35___ Music festivals have become very popular venues that have become well established as part of summer culture.
A．Rock music is the reflection of history.
B．Woodstock festival changed the form of rock concerts.
C．However,it focused not only on music but other events.
D．Another early rock festival was the Isle of Wight Festival.
E．Today, it’s hard to imagine summer without musical festivals.
F．What perhaps put music festivals on the map was Woodstock in 1969.
G．Others are intended for younger audiences or those who prefer period based music.










【語篇解讀】
本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了音樂節(jié)的歷史。
【詳情解析】
31．【D】根據(jù)空前“Perhaps the first formal and well-known festival to Rock was the Monterey Pop Festival in 1967, which brought that band to the attention of American audiences.（也許最早的著名搖滾音樂節(jié)就是1976年的Monterey流行音樂節(jié)。）”和空后“It started in 1968 as an event with about 10,000 people.（它始于1968年，有大約1000人參加。）”可知，空前提出了最早的搖滾音樂節(jié)，空后的it指代本空提出的另一個音樂節(jié)，故D項“另一個早期的搖滾音樂節(jié)就是Isle of Wight節(jié)”符合，故選D項。
32．【C】根據(jù)空前“The Summerfest Festival was established in 1968.（Summerfest在1968年成立）”和空后“Interestingly, this festival made cities realize festivals could bring many benefits.（有趣的是，這個節(jié)日讓城市意識到音樂節(jié)可以帶來很多好處。）”可知，空前提到了Summerfest的成立，根據(jù)空后“Interestingly”推斷這個音樂節(jié)有與眾不同之處，故C項“然而它不僅專注于音樂，還專注于其他事件。”符合，且C項中的it指代空前的The Summerfest Festival，故選C項。
33．【F】根據(jù)空后“Abled as “three days of love and peace”, Woodstock featured many well-known bands and artists, making Rock music festivals known to many Americans and Europeans.（以“三天愛和寧靜”為標(biāo)簽的Woodstock音樂節(jié)，以著名的樂隊和藝術(shù)家為特色，讓很多美國人和歐洲人了解了流行音樂節(jié)。）”可知，本段是介紹Woodstock音樂節(jié)的情況，故F項“讓流行音樂節(jié)在全世界留下足跡的應(yīng)該是1969年的Woodstock音樂節(jié)”符合，放在本段首句，作為本段的主題句，故選F項。
34．【E根據(jù)空后“Many genres(類型)now have their own music festivals, ranging from Classical music to Heavy Metal. Countries in every habitable continent have music festivals.（很多音樂風(fēng)格都有他們自己的音樂節(jié)，從古典音樂到重金屬音樂不等。）”可知，空后提到很多音樂風(fēng)格都有他們自己的節(jié)日，故E項“現(xiàn)在，很難去想象一個夏天沒有音樂節(jié)會是什么樣子。”符合，故選E項。
35．【G】根據(jù)空前“Some focus on traditional, folk music.（一些專注于傳統(tǒng)、民間音樂。）”可知，G項是空前的順義承接，some和others相呼應(yīng)，故G項“其他的是專為年輕觀眾設(shè)計的，或者那些喜歡古典音樂的人?！狈希蔬xG項。
Passage 8、（2022--2023學(xué)年度遼寧省沈陽市第二十中學(xué)高三期中考試）
Procrastination (拖延)makes people live under constant stress. Making changes will lead to positive results, like relieving stress and increasing the quality of work, family time and joy. But how to? ___36___
◆Acknowledge the need to change.
If you’re a master procrastinator, stop making excuses and acknowledge the reasons why procrastination is bad. ___37___
◆Identify and understand your feelings.
You may feel fearful about the size of a task, proud of your productivity, and anxious about your time. ___38___ However, could you break a huge project up into manageable tasks? You might need to say “no” more often to give the proper time and attention to the more important things. You can also set a time limit on your break, maybe 15 to 20 minutes.
◆ ___39___
If you find yourself with some free time and you need to convince yourself to start working on a difficult task, follow the five-minute rule. Force yourself to work on a task for just five minutes, with the understanding that you can quit after five minutes if you like. This simple mental trick is usually just to get you started. And it will often turn into much more than five minutes.
◆Work on stuff earlier.
___40___ But remember: Just because you start working on something doesn’t mean you have to finish.
By starting, you get the juices flowing, allowing you to get more done than you anticipated. Additionally, you increase the quality of your work because every time you revise your thing, it gets better.
So, remember: Fighting procrastination is a life-long battle, but it’s a winnable one.
A．Use the five-minute rule.
B．These emotions are quite natural.
C．You might think of the possible results.
D．Here are some ways to beat procrastination.
E．Pay special attention to the quality of your work.
F．Otherwise, you won’t be convinced there’s a need to change.
G．For master procrastinators, the idea of working too early on a task is stupid.










【語篇解讀】
本文是一篇議論文。拖延癥使人們生活在持續(xù)的壓力之下，文章主要介紹了如何打敗拖延癥的方法。
【詳情解析】
36．【D】上文“Procrastination (拖延) makes people live under constant stress. Making changes will lead to positive results, like relieving stress and increasing the quality of work, family time and joy. But how to?(拖延癥使人們生活在持續(xù)的壓力之下。做出改變會帶來積極的結(jié)果，比如減輕壓力、提高工作質(zhì)量、家庭時間和快樂。但是怎么做呢？)”提到了拖延癥使人們生活在持續(xù)的壓力之下，做出改變會帶來積極的結(jié)果，并提出“該怎么做”這一問題；下文直接列出幾項打敗拖延癥的方法。由此可知，設(shè)空處需填一個過渡句，承上啟下。D項“Here are some ways to beat procrastination.(這里有一些擊敗拖延癥的方法)”與上下文對應(yīng)。故選D項。
37．【F】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Acknowledge the need to change.(承認改變的必要)”可知，本段主題與改變相關(guān)；上文“If you’re a master procrastinator, stop making excuses and acknowledge the reasons why procrastination is bad.(如果你是一個拖延大師，停止找借口，承認拖延不好的原因)”提到了停止找借口，承認拖延是不好的；選項中只有F項“Otherwise, you won’t be convinced there’s a need to change.(否則，你不會相信有改變的必要)” 與“改變”這一主題相關(guān)，且與上文對應(yīng)。故選F項。
38．【B】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Identify and understand your feelings.(認識并理解你的感受)”可知，本段主題與感受和情緒相關(guān)；上文“You may feel fearful about the size of a task, proud of your productivity, and anxious about your time.(你可能會對任務(wù)的規(guī)模感到害怕，為自己的效率感到驕傲，為自己的時間感到焦慮)”提到了害怕、驕傲、和焦慮等情緒；下文“However, could you break a huge project up into manageable tasks?(然而，你能把一個龐大的項目分解成可管理的任務(wù)嗎？)”則轉(zhuǎn)而提到把龐大的項目分解成可管理的小任務(wù)。B項“These emotions are quite natural.(這些情緒是很自然的)”中的these emotions恰好指代上文的fearful、proud、anxious等情緒。故選B項。
39．【A】設(shè)空處為本段的小標(biāo)題，需能概括本段主旨；下文“If you find yourself with some free time and you need to convince yourself to start working on a difficult task, follow the five-minute rule.(如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己有一些空閑時間，你需要說服自己開始做一個困難的任務(wù)，遵循五分鐘規(guī)則)”提到了如果要說服自己開始做一個困難的任務(wù)，遵循五分鐘規(guī)則。由此可知，本段主要與五分鐘規(guī)則相關(guān)。A項“Use the five-minute rule.(使用五分鐘規(guī)則)”能概括本段主旨。故選A項。
40．【G】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Work on stuff earlier.(早點做事)”可知，本段主要與work earlier相關(guān)；下文“But remember: Just because you start working on something doesn’t mean you have to finish.(但請記住：你開始做某件事并不意味著你必須完成)”轉(zhuǎn)而提到早點開始做某件事并不意味著必須完成。G項“For master procrastinators, the idea of working too early on a task is stupid.(對于拖延癥大師來說，過早開始工作的想法是愚蠢的)”既符合work early的主題，也下文對應(yīng)。故選G項。
Passage 9、（2023屆江蘇南通一中高三上學(xué)期期中測試）
Why is Art so Powerful?
Perhaps the simplest answer to this question is that art touches us emotionally.
Art is powerful because it can potentially influence our culture, politics, and even the economy. When we see a powerful work of art, you feel it touching deep within your core, giving us the power to make real-life changes.
It has the power to educate people about almost anything.____41____ During the pandemic, some artists created vivid and impressive paintings to spread the message of wearing a mask, which was well received by the whole public.
It breaks cultural, social, and economic barriers. While art hardly really solves poverty or promotes social justice on its own, it can be used as a fair playing field for conversation and expression. ____42____ Therefore, anyone can learn to appreciate art regardless of their social status, economic standing, or political background.
It accesses higher orders of thinking. Art doesn’t just make you absorb information. ____43____ This is why creativity is a form of intelligence—it is a special ability that unlocks the potential of the human mind. ____44____
____45____ Many times in history we have heard of people being criticized, threatened and even killed because of their artwork. Those responsible for these reactions, may it be an A．Art, at its simplest, is a form of communicating with each other.
B．The truth is that people have recognized how powerful art can be.
C．It presents information in a way that could be absorbed by many easily.
D．Rather, it makes you think about current ideas and inspire you to make your own.
E．Everyone can relate to art because everyone has emotions and personal experiences.
F．Art may seek to bring about some particular emotion to relax and entertain the viewers.
G．As a matter of fact, studies have shown that exposure to art can make you better in other fields.
aggressive government, take these measures against artists knowing how much their works can affect the politics in a given area. In the hands of good people, however, art can be used to give back hope or offer courage in a society that’s undergoing a lot of hardships.

【語篇解讀】
本文是一篇說明文。本文主要解釋了為什么藝術(shù)如此強大？藝術(shù)之所以強大，是因為它可能影響我們的文化、政治甚至經(jīng)濟。當(dāng)我們看到一件強大的藝術(shù)作品時，你會感覺到它深深地觸動了你的內(nèi)心，給了我們改變現(xiàn)實生活的力量。
【詳情解析】
41．【C】由上文“It has the power to educate people about almost anything.”(它有能力對人們進行幾乎任何事情的教育。)，此句中的“almost anything”與C項中的“be absorbed by many easily”相對應(yīng)，說明它以一種很容易被許多人吸收的方式呈現(xiàn)信息，C項符合題意。故選C。
42．【E】由后文“Therefore, anyone can learn to appreciate art regardless of their social status, economic standing, or political background.”(因此，無論社會地位、經(jīng)濟地位或政治背景如何，任何人都可以學(xué)會欣賞藝術(shù)。)，根據(jù)本句的“anyone ”與E項中的“Everyone”相對應(yīng)，說明每個人都可以與藝術(shù)相關(guān)，因為每個人都有情感和個人經(jīng)歷。故選E。
43．【D】由上文“It accesses higher orders of thinking. Art doesn’t just make you absorb information.”（它進入了更高層次的思維。藝術(shù)不僅僅讓你吸收信息。），可知此句中的“thinking”與D項的“think about current ideas”相對應(yīng)，說明更高層次的思維會會讓你思考當(dāng)前的想法，并激勵你做出自己的想法。故選D。
44．【G】由上文“This is why creativity is a form of intelligence—it is a special ability that unlocks the potential of the human mind.”（這就是為什么創(chuàng)造力是一種智力，它是一種特殊的能力，可以釋放人類思維的潛能。）可知，此處由創(chuàng)造力引出的藝術(shù)對創(chuàng)造力有促進作用，G. As a matter of fact, studies have shown that exposure to art can make you better in other fields.（事實上，研究表明，接觸藝術(shù)可以讓你在其他領(lǐng)域變得更好。）符合題意。故選G。
45．【B】由下文“Many times in history we have heard of people being criticized, threatened and even killed because of their artwork.”（在歷史上，我們多次聽說人們因為他們的作品而受到批評、威脅甚至被殺害。）說明藝術(shù)有其自身的威力，對政治產(chǎn)生重大影響，上文應(yīng)該是主旨句，說明人們已經(jīng)認識到藝術(shù)的威力。故選B。
Passage 10、（2023屆廣東省肇慶市第一中學(xué)高三畢業(yè)班第一次質(zhì)量檢測）
How to Increase Your Levels of Optimism
The way in which you achieve your goals, face challenges, and overcome failures depends largely on your levels of optimism. Not everyone sees life in the same way.____46____
Change your negative thoughts. Your mind takes in negative memories and makes them bigger and more significant than they really are.____47____The next step is to reduce them by comparing them to related or similar memories that are more pleasant. In this way,you gradually change them and select new thoughts. This requires a learning process that’ll take some time to practice.However, with patience, you’ll achieve the desired results.
Express gratitude. When you face a challenge, it’s advisable to figure out what’s going well. By taking the time to do this,you allow yourself to register the positive aspects that you experience. To help your horain store these positive events, you should take time each week to analyze what you should be grateful for. ____48____
Repeat positive affirmations(肯定). One key element for increasing your levels of optimism that you get with previous two steps is positive affirmations. In fact, these messages that you repeat to yourself most regularly are the ones that you believe in and that determine your vision of life.____49____You can start with one or two affirmations that represent the values you want to live by and the goals you want to achieve. For example, tell yourself“Every day I’m improving”or“I’m living my best moment.”____50____ Furthermore, it’ll make you stronger in the face of them and you’ll maintain your optimism.
A．People tend to hold totally different attitudes towards life.
B．However,you can always train your mind to generate or maintain optimism.
C．They must be repeated with strong belief and be a constant in your daily life.
D．First you should figure out what matters in your life and focus on positive messages.
E．Therefore, every time you have negative thoughts, analyze and view them more objectively.
F．The next step is to let your loved ones know that you love them and that you’re grateful to them.
G．The repetition of phrases similar to these will allow your mind to interpret negative events differently.

【語篇解讀】
本文是一篇說明文。文章主要圍繞如何提高樂觀水平給出了幾條建議。
【詳情解析】
46．【B】根據(jù)上文“The way in which you achieve your goals, face challenges, and overcome failures depends largely on your levels of optimism. Not everyone sees life in the same way.(你實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)、面對挑戰(zhàn)和克服失敗的方式很大程度上取決于你的樂觀程度。不是每個人都以同樣的方式看待生活)”以及后文提到的提高樂觀水平的方法可知，空處承上啟下，表明雖然不是每個人都能以同樣樂觀的態(tài)度面對生活，但是可以通過訓(xùn)練來提高人們的樂觀程度。B項“然而你可以訓(xùn)練自己的思維來產(chǎn)生或保持樂觀的心態(tài)?！狈险Z境，能夠承上啟下。故選B。
47．【E】根據(jù)上文“Change your negative thoughts. (改變你的消極想法)”以及“Your mind takes in negative memories and makes them bigger and more significant than they really are.( 你的大腦會吸收負面記憶，并使它們變得更大、更重要)”可知，空處為前文的結(jié)果，表明你的大腦會吸收負面記憶，所以我們都要客觀地分析它們。E項“因此，每次你有負面想法時，都要更客觀地分析和看待它們。”符合語境。E項中的“negative thoughts”進而前文“ negative memories ”相呼應(yīng)。故選E。
48．【F】根據(jù)上文“To help your brain store these positive events, you should take time each week to analyze what you should be grateful for. (為了幫助你的大腦儲存這些積極的事件，你應(yīng)該每周花時間分析你應(yīng)該感激什么)”可知，空處進一步說明我們?nèi)绾斡涗浳覀兯?jīng)歷的積極方面，一個是每周花時間分析你應(yīng)該感激什么，下一步就是讓這些人知道你感激他們。F項“下一步是讓你的愛人知道你愛他們，你感激他們?！狈险Z境。F項中的“you love them and that you’re grateful to them”是對這段主旨句“Express gratitude（表示感謝）”的進一步闡述。故選F。
49．【C】根據(jù)上文“In fact, these messages that you repeat to yourself most regularly are the ones that you believe in and that determine your vision of life.(事實上，這些你最經(jīng)常重復(fù)給自己的信息是你所相信的，決定了你對生活的看法)”可知，空處表明因為我們經(jīng)常重復(fù)給自己的信息是我們所相信的，所以我們就要不斷的去重復(fù)它們。C項“它們必須以堅定的信念重復(fù)，并在日常生活中保持不變?！狈险Z境。C項中的They 指代前文的“these messages”。故選C。
50．【G】根據(jù)上文“For example, tell yourself “Every day I’m improving”or “I’m living my best moment. ”(例如，告訴自己“每一天我都在進步”或“我過著我最好的時刻”)”可知，空處表明我們每天告訴自己“每一天我都在進步”或者“我過著我最好的時刻”將會帶來的結(jié)果，那就是不斷的重復(fù)一些積極的信念會讓你的大腦對負面事件做出不同的解釋。G項“重復(fù)類似的短語會讓你的大腦對負面事件做出不同的解釋。”符合語境。故選G。








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