
?
考點一:代詞
1、技法巧圖解
2. 高考真題體驗
1、(2022年全國高考乙卷)The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening __________ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
【解析】考查代詞。句意:在開幕式上,中國古茶博物館正式揭牌,開啟了它的第一個展覽:大道遺真——普洱茶專題展。名詞exhibition前用形容詞性物主代詞。故填its。
2、(2021年新高考八省聯(lián)考)She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of 61. (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order.
【解析】考查代詞。句意:她非常漂亮,她的房子是她自己的寫照,一切都很有品位,井井有條。根據(jù)句意可知,此處意為“她自己”,可知此處考查反身代詞;提示詞she的反身代詞是herself。故填herself。
3、(2021年全國高考乙卷)Ecotourism has 63. (it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.
【解析】考查代詞。句意:生態(tài)旅游起源于20世紀70年代的環(huán)境運動。根據(jù)空格后名詞origin可知,此處形容詞性物主代詞來修飾名詞origin。故填its。
4、(2021年新高考I卷)and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in 64. (I).
【解析】考查代詞。句意:正如歌中所唱,這條漫長而曲折的道路“永遠不會消失”,它將永遠留在游客的記憶中。對我來說確實如此。根據(jù)前一句“it will always stick in the visitor's memory”可知,本句為does指代前一句的stick,本句缺乏賓語,應用名詞性物主代詞mine指代my memory。故填mine。
5、(2020年海南高考)Readers are encouraged to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of65. (we)Further Resources section featured in each volume.
【解析】考查代詞。句意:我們鼓勵讀者繼續(xù)探索數(shù)字世界,并在每一卷的參考資料部分提供指導。修飾名詞Further Resources section,前用形容詞性物主代詞。故填our。
6、(2020年全國高考)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模擬) and imagine 67. (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.
【解析】考查反身代詞。句意:除了觀賞展品,游客還可以玩電腦模擬游戲,想象自己生活在一個不同的歷史時期,或者漫步在熱帶雨林中。此處指代visitors,意為“他們自己”,應使用反身代詞。故填themselves。
7、(2020年全國高考)Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70. (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
【解析】考查代詞。句意同上。根據(jù)空后的名詞plans可知,此處應使用形容詞性物主代詞its,故填its
8.(2020·山東卷)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模擬) and imagine 42. (they) living at a different time in history or 43(walking)(walk)through a rainforest.
【答案】themselves
【解析】考查反身代詞。句意:除了觀賞展品,游客還可以玩電腦模擬游戲,想象自己生活在一個不同的歷史時期,或者漫步在熱帶雨林中。此處指代visitors,意為“他們自己”,應使用反身代詞。故填themselves。
9、(2019·北京卷)Nervously __facing_ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to ___3___(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
【解析】考查代詞。句意:緊張地面對挑戰(zhàn),我知道我將輕聲對自己說兩個簡單的字“做你自己”。本句的主語是I,當賓語與主語是同一人稱時,賓語要用反身代詞。故填myself。
3、應試指南
1. 熟記常用的不定代詞, 如one, all, both, either, neither, each, many, much, little, few, other, another, something, nothing等。
2. 人稱、物主、反身代詞: “成分”是關鍵
(1)如果句中缺少主語, 則用人稱代詞的主格;
(2)如果句中缺少賓語或表語, 則用人稱代詞的賓格;
(3)如果句中缺少定語, 則用形容詞性物主代詞;
(4)如果賓語或表語又反射到句子主語, 則用反身代詞。
4、高考考點透析
重點 代詞★★★★★
考點1 人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞
1.基本用法
類別
人稱代詞
物主代詞
反身
代詞
主格
賓格
形容
詞性
名詞性
功能
主語
賓語、
表語
定語
主語、
表語、
賓語
賓語、
表語、
同位語
第一
人稱
單數(shù)
I
me
my
mine
myself
復數(shù)
we
us
our
ours
ourselves
第二
人稱
單數(shù)
you
you
your
yours
yourself
復數(shù)
you
you
your
yours
yourselves
第三
人稱
單數(shù)
he
him
his
his
himself
she
her
her
hers
herself
it
it
its
its
itself
復數(shù)
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
2.反身代詞的習慣用法
與介詞
搭配
by oneself 獨自地
for oneself 替自己;為自己
of oneself 自動地
in oneself 本質(zhì)上;本身
與動詞
搭配
apply oneself to 專心致志于
behave oneself 舉止得體;行為檢點
dress oneself 打扮;自己穿衣
devote oneself to 致力于;獻身于
help oneself to 隨便吃/用
enjoy oneself 玩得開心
seat oneself 就座;入席
make yourself at home 別客氣
teach oneself 自學
考點2 it的用法
1.it的基本用法
用法
好句
指天氣、季節(jié)、時間、距離、環(huán)境等
It is early spring, but it is already hot.
現(xiàn)在是初春,但是天氣已經(jīng)很熱了。
指代前面提過的事物、群體、想法、內(nèi)容等或代替指示代詞
That vase is valuable. It is more than 200 years old.
那個花瓶很珍貴,它有200多年的歷史。
指不知性別的嬰兒或身份不明確的人(由于某種原因而不知對方是誰)
The baby cried because it was hungry.
這個嬰兒餓得啼哭。
it用來代替不定式、動名詞短語或名詞性從句作形式主語或形式賓語
I have made it clear that nobody is allowed to smoke here.
我已經(jīng)講得很清楚了,任何人都不準在此吸煙。
2.it作形式主語或形式賓語的常用句型
it作
形式
主語
It is a pity/shame that ... 真可惜……
It is no wonder that ... 難怪……
It seems/appears that ... 似乎/看來……
It looks/seems as if/as though ...
看起來好像……
It happens that ... 碰巧……
It occurs to/comes to/strikes/hits sb. that ...
某人突然想起……
It is said/reported that ... 據(jù)說/據(jù)報道……
It is certain that ... ……是一定的
It is no use/good doing ... 做……沒有用/好處
It takes sb. some time to do ...
做……花費某人若干時間
it作
形式
賓語
①主語+think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep ... +it+adj./n.+for/of sb. to do/that從句
②主語+think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep ... +it+useless/worth/worthwhile/no use/no good/a waste of time/money/energy ... +doing ...
3.it的常用短語或句型
①When it comes to learning English, reading widely is of great importance.
當談到學習英語,廣泛閱讀很重要。
②You can count on/rely on/depend on it that he will help you out.
你可以相信他能幫助你擺脫困境。
③I can't help it if he is always complaining.
他總是抱怨我沒辦法。
④We finally made it to the airport though it was rainy.
盡管下雨但是我們最終及時趕到了機場。
⑤As someone puts it, practice makes perfect.
正如某人所說,熟能生巧。
⑥Please see to it that you fasten the safety belt when driving.
開車時確保系好安全帶。
⑦I take it that you don't agree with the manager.
我想你不同意經(jīng)理的意見。
⑧It is/has been three years since he joined the army.
他參軍三年了。
⑨It was three years before he returned home.
過了三年他才回家。
考點3 不定代詞
1.other, the other, another, others, the others
other
不能單獨使用,常與復數(shù)名詞連用,如果前面有the, some, any, each, every, no以及形容詞性物主代詞時,也可與可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)連用。
others
表示泛指,相當于“other+復數(shù)名詞”,可構成some ... others ...“一些……另一些……”。
“the other+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”特指兩者中的另一個,常有one ... the other ...“一個……另一個……”的搭配,其復數(shù)形式為the others或“the other+復數(shù)名詞”,特指在某些人或物中,除去一部分后,其余的人或物。
another
指三者或三者以上中的另一個,表示泛指,后接單數(shù)名詞,也可以用于“another+數(shù)詞+名詞復數(shù)”表示“另外幾個……”的含義。
2.one(s), that, those
在文中為避免重復,one(s), that, those等都可以用來代替上文出現(xiàn)的名詞。
one(s)
one代替的是前面提到的同類異物中的任何一個,相當于“a/an+單數(shù)名詞”; ones用來代替前面出現(xiàn)的復數(shù)名詞,也表泛指。
a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)=one;
the+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)=that/the one;
the+不可數(shù)名詞=that;
the+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)=the ones/
those;
可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)=ones。
that
代替前面提到的同類異物中特指的事物,所代替的名詞可以是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),也可以是不可數(shù)名詞,其前面通常不能有修飾語,但可以有后置定語。
those
代替前面提到的同類異物中特指的事物,只能指代可數(shù)名詞復數(shù),相當于the ones。
3. both, all, either, any, neither, none的用法
都
任一
都不
兩者
both
either
neither
三者或三者以上
all
any
none
4.something, anything, nothing的用法
句式
語意
something
肯定句
某事,某物
疑問句
請求,征求意見
anything
條件句、否定句、疑問句
任何東西(事物)
肯定句
任何東西(事物)
nothing
陳述句
沒有一點兒東西
[提示] 固定搭配:anything but(根本不), nothing but(只不過;僅僅), all but(差不多), none but(僅僅;只有)。everything意為“每件事物;所有事物”,強調(diào)整體,與not連用時表示部分否定,意為“并不是所有事物都……”。
考點二:冠詞
1、技法巧圖解
2. 高考真題體驗
1、(2022年全國高考乙卷)To celebrate ______ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
【解析】考查冠詞。句意:為了慶祝這一節(jié)日,周四在北京的中國商人博物館舉行了一系列活動。特指International Tea Day這一節(jié)日,所以用定冠詞the。故填the。
2、(2022年全國高考甲卷)______ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
【解析】考查冠詞。句意:他的一位朋友吳凡在旅行中自愿成為他的同伴。根據(jù)句意可知,此處泛指“他的一個朋友”,應用不定冠詞,friend以輔音音素開頭,應用a,空處位于句首,首字母大寫。故填A。
3、(2022年全國新高考II卷) ______ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto.
【解析】考查冠詞。句意:布朗一家住在多倫多郊外的一棟公寓樓里。根據(jù)句子結構,設空處要填寫冠詞與Brown family 構成名詞短語作主語。the+姓氏,意為“某某一家人”,the符合句意。同時該單詞置于句首,首字母應該大寫。故填The。
4、(2022年全國新高考I卷)covering an area about three times ______ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
【解析】考查冠詞。句意:該公園占地面積約為黃石國家公園的三倍,將成為中國首批國家公園之一。本句的結構為:倍數(shù)+ the size of +比較成份。故填the
5、(2021年新高考八省聯(lián)考)64. Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.
【解析】考查冠詞。句意:林肯夫婦在1856年把房子擴大到了整整兩層,以滿足他們?nèi)找嬖鲩L的家庭的需要。根據(jù)句意可知,此處意為“林肯一家”;根據(jù)設空后的Lincolns可知,此處考查“the+姓氏復數(shù)”,表示夫婦倆,或者一家人。設空處位于句首,所以首字母要大寫。故填The。
6、(2021年全國高考甲卷)It took us about 3 hours to go all 68. way around the Xi'an City Wall.
【解析】考查冠詞。句意:我們繞著西安城墻走了大約3個小時。結合句意表示“一直;完全地”可知短語為all the way,故用定冠詞the限定名詞way。故填the。
7、(2021年全國高考乙卷)Due to 65. growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism.
【解析】考查冠詞。句意:由于與環(huán)境相關的探險旅行越來越受歡迎,各種各樣的旅行現(xiàn)在被歸類為生態(tài)旅游。分析句子結構可知,空格處應填冠詞。再結合空格后“growing popularity of environmental-related and adventure travel”可知,此處特指與環(huán)境相關的探險旅行越來越受歡迎,所以應填定冠詞the。故填the。
8、(2021年新高考I卷)While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is 65. must to visit!
【解析】考查冠詞。句意:當你在中國的時候,黃山是一個你一定要去的地方。must作名詞時,意為“絕對必要的事物”,為可數(shù)名詞,此處泛指“一個必須去的地方”,應用不定冠詞,must是以輔音音素開頭的詞,應用a。故填a。
9、(2020年海南高考)Each volume in the set explores66. wide range of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, and discusses the influences they have on everyday life.
【解析】考查冠詞。句意:系列中的每卷探索了廣泛的材料,解釋數(shù)字系統(tǒng)的主要應用的基本概念,并討論了他們對日常生活的影響。a range of?一套;一系列。wide是以輔音音素發(fā)音開頭,所以用不定冠詞a。故填a。
10、(2020年浙江高考1)This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then,with 64. rise of science,changes began
【解析】考查定冠詞。句意:隨著科學的崛起,事情發(fā)生了變化。with the rise of 譯為“隨著......的崛起”是固定短語。故填the。
11、(2020年全國高考)he plum trees are 70. first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
【解析】考查冠詞。句意:雪還在融化時,梅花是第一個開花的。這里表示特指,所以序數(shù)詞first前要加定冠詞the。故填the。
12、(2020年浙江高考2)A child born in the US today has63. very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.
【解析】考查冠詞。句意:今天在美國出生的孩子有非?,F(xiàn)實的機會活到100歲以上,因此需要做出相應的計劃。chance為可數(shù)名詞,此處表示泛指應用不定冠詞,且very為輔音音素開頭的單詞,故填a。
13、(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)Of ________ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
【解析】考查冠詞。句意:在已知的19個北極熊亞種群中,有3個正在減少,6個保持穩(wěn)定,1個正在增加,還有9個缺乏足夠的數(shù)據(jù)。根據(jù)句意及設空處后的nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations可知,此處特指“已知的19個北極熊亞種群”,應用定冠詞限定,故填the。
14.(2019·浙江高考)Everybody wears ________ same style of clothes.
【解析】考查冠詞?!【湟猓喝巳硕即┫嗤L格的衣服。the same意為“相同的”,故填定冠詞the。
15.(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ________ top of her lungs.
【解析】考查冠詞?!【湟猓撼龊跻饬系氖牵艺c那只猩猩面對面,它開始聲嘶力竭地尖叫。at the top of one's lungs “聲嘶力竭地”。
16、(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ________ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
【解析】考查冠詞。在過去25年里玉米產(chǎn)量猛增了近125%,而水稻的產(chǎn)量只增長了7%。此處特指在過去的25年里,故填the。
3、應試指南
根據(jù)下列三種方法確定是用定冠詞還是不定冠詞
l.理解法。不是特指。不用he
2.觀察法。若名詞后有0f短語、不定式或者定語從句等,一般用定冠詞。
3.翻譯法。凡是可譯作“一個,有一個,任何一個,每一,同一”的,一般用不定冠詞:凡
是譯文中有“這/那…”字眼的,一般用定冠詞。
4、高考考點透析
重點一 冠詞的基本用法★★★★★
1.不定冠詞的基本用法
(1)用在第一次提到的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前,表泛指。
At that time, I was working in a factory. The factory produces car parts.
那時,我在一家工廠工作。那家工廠生產(chǎn)各種汽車部件。
(2)泛指一類人或事物或指同類中的“一個”。
Experts think that the recently discovered painting may be a Picasso.
專家們認為最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的那幅畫可能是畢加索的作品。
(3)表示“每”,相當于per,用在表示價格、速度、頻率等的短語中。
Prices start at £13.95 a yard for printed cotton.
印花棉布以每碼13.95英鎊的價格起售。
(4)表示數(shù)量“一”(強調(diào)時用one)或“任何一個”。
Suddenly they heard a loud noise.
突然他們聽到一聲巨響。
(5)表示“某一個”,相當于a certain。
There is a Mr. Smith on the phone.
有位史密斯先生打電話來。
(6)表示“同一;相同”,相當于the same。
They happen to be of an age and wear clothes of a colour.
他們碰巧同齡而且穿著相同顏色的衣服。
(7)不定冠詞與物質(zhì)名詞或抽象名詞連用
抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞在表示概念時,其前常用零冠詞;但在表示具體的人或事物時變成了可數(shù)名詞,需要與不定冠詞連用,表示“一個、一種、一場、一陣”等。具有此用法的名詞有:物質(zhì)名詞:rain, snow, fog, wind, drink, coffee, beer, fire, paper等;抽象名詞:success, failure, surprise, pleasure, beauty, wonder, comfort, danger, shock等。
The operation is a success and the patient is now out of danger.
手術很成功,病人目前脫離了危險。
After preparing all the equipment for an outdoor photography, suddenly a heavy rain came.
為戶外攝影做好一切準備后,突然下起了大雨。
2.定冠詞the的用法
(1)特指前面已提及的人或物,或雙方都知道的人或物。
Take your time—it's just a short distance from here to the restaurant.
不著急——從這里到那家餐館只有很短的一段距離。
(2)用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或形容詞及分詞前,表“一類人或物”。
The explosion saw people rush to help the injured.
爆炸發(fā)生后,人們趕到現(xiàn)場幫助受傷的人。
(3)用于表示朝代、年代的名詞前,或用于整十的數(shù)詞復數(shù)(表示某個年代)前。
It's said that corn was grown a lot in Tibet in the 17th century.
據(jù)說在十七世紀的時候西藏大量種植玉米。
(4)用于表示姓氏的復數(shù)名詞前,表示“一家人”或“夫婦倆”。
The Smiths lived in the apartment above ours.
史密斯夫婦住在我們樓上的公寓里。
(5)用于序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級前,表示“最……的”。
[提示] 當序數(shù)詞不表示順序而表示“又一;再一”時,用不定冠詞,如a second time,意為“再一次;又一次”。
(6)用于“動詞+sb.+介詞+the+表示身體某一部位的名詞”結構中,該結構中的the不能用物主代詞代替。如take sb. by the arm“抓某人的胳膊”。
(7)用于“by+the+表示計量單位的單數(shù)名詞”結構中,表示“按……計算”。如by the hour/day/week/month/kilo/ton/dozen等。但size, weight, height這類名詞跟by連用時,不加冠詞,如by height/weight。
3.零冠詞的基本用法(寫作中一定要注意不能出錯)
(1)專有名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞、人名、地名等名詞前,一般不加冠詞,如China, America, Smith。
(2)表示季節(jié)、月份、星期和節(jié)日的名詞前和學科、語言、三餐、球類運動、棋類游戲的名詞前不用冠詞。
I like physics though it's a bit difficult.
盡管物理有點兒難,但我很喜歡。
[提示]
(1)表示語言的名詞之后有l(wèi)anguage時則要加定冠詞,如the English language。
(2)如果表示季節(jié)的名詞指具體某年的某個季節(jié),需加定冠詞,如in the spring of the year 2018。
(3)在中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日前用定冠詞the,如the Spring Festival。
(4)稱呼語及表示獨一無二的頭銜、職務的名詞作賓語補足語及同位語時,不加冠詞。常用的名詞有king, president, chairman, monitor, head等。
(5)系動詞turn后的單數(shù)名詞作表語時,單數(shù)名詞前不加冠詞。
After years of hard work, Tom turned engineer while Mary good manager.
多年的努力后湯姆成了工程師,而瑪麗成了優(yōu)秀的經(jīng)理。
(6)as/though引導的部分倒裝句,結構為“零冠詞+單數(shù)名詞+as/though+主語+謂語+主句”,意為“雖然/盡管……但是……”。
Hero as/though he is, he has some shortcomings.
盡管他是個英雄,但他有些缺點。
重點二 固定搭配中的冠詞★★★★★
1.不定冠詞用于固定搭配中
at a loss 不知所措;困惑
have a word with 與……談話
all of a sudden 突然
in a hurry 匆忙地
as a rule 通常
be on a visit 參觀;拜訪
as a matter of fact 事實上
as a result 因此
be on a diet 節(jié)食
have a gift for 在某方面有天賦
have/catch a cold 感冒
make a living 謀生
have/take a rest 休息
in a way 從某種意義上說
give sb. a lift 讓某人搭便車
2.定冠詞用于固定短語中
at the moment 此刻;目前
at the same time 同時
not in the least 一點兒也不
on the contrary 相反
in the end 最后;最終
on the whole 總的來說
to tell the truth 說實話
in the distance 在遠處
on the other hand 另一方面
to the point 中肯;切題
make the most of 充分利用;最大限度地從某物獲益
by the way 順便說一下
go to the cinema/theater 去看電影/戲劇
in the middle of 在……中間
3.零冠詞用于固定短語中
on purpose 故意地
by chance 碰巧
catch/on fire 著火
at dawn/dusk 在黎明/黃昏
face to face 面對面地
in debt 負債
in fact 實際上
make room for 給……讓出空間
out of date 過時的
heart and soul 全心全意地
in danger 在危險中
in return 作為回報
side by side 肩并肩地
from time to time 不時地
hand in hand 手拉手
day after day 天天地;日復一日地
day by day 一天天;漸漸地
out of place 不合適
on foot 步行
in place 在正確位置
4.冠詞有無,意義不同
in charge of“負責”/in the charge of ...“由……負責”;
in prison“在坐牢”/in the prison“在監(jiān)獄里”;
at table“在吃飯”/at the table“在桌旁”;
out of question“毫無疑問;沒問題”/out of the question“不可能”;
by day“在白天”/by the day“按天計算”。
三維考場·全面提能
維度1 提分訓練
語法填空(用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空,注意特殊詞形變化)
1.While driving alone through the countryside, Linda saw an old woman by the side of the road, reaching out her hand. ___1___ was getting dark and raining. “I can t leave her out in this weather,” Linda said to herself, so she stopped the car.
“ Shall I offer you ___2___ lift?” Linda asked. The old woman nodded and climbed into the car. After a while Linda asked, “Have you waited for long?” The old woman shook her head. ___3___ (strange)enough, the old woman didn’t say a single word all the way. Her only ___4___ (respond) was always a nod of the head or something else like that.
Then Linda saw the lady’s hands, ___5___ were very large and covered with thick hair. She realized ___6___ the lady was a man! After ___7___ (stop) the car, Linda said, “can’t see that mirror. Would you mind cleaning it ____8____me?” The lady nodded and opened the door. As soon as the “l(fā)ady” was out of the car, Linda drove off quickly.
When Linda arrived home, she found that the old lady ___9___ (leave) a handbag on the backseat. She opened it and let out a deep breath. Inside it ____10____two sharp knives.
【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是Linda開車穿過鄉(xiāng)下,讓一位老婦人打車,發(fā)現(xiàn)老婦人是偽裝的劫匪后機智甩開的故事。
【詳情解析】
1.考查代詞。設空處指代時間和天氣,故填It。
2.考查冠詞。offer sb. a lift意為“讓某人搭便車”。故答案為a。
3.考查副詞。設空處在句 中作狀修飾整個句子,需用 strange的副詞形式。故答案為strangely。
4.考查名詞。設空處由形容詞性物主代詞修飾在句 中作主語,需用respond的名詞形式。故答案為response。
5.考查關系詞。設空處引導 非限制性定語從句修飾the lady's hands ,且在從句中作主語,故填 which。
6.考查連接詞。句意:她意識到這位女士是個男人!設空處引導賓語從句且從句意義及成分均完整, 故填引導詞that。
7.考查動詞-ing形式作賓 語的用法。Linda與stop之間是邏 輯上的主謂關系,且設空處作After 的賓語,故填動名詞stopping。
8.考查介詞。句意:你介意幫我擦一下嗎?設空處意為“為”, 故填for。
9.考查過去完成時。leave 表示的動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動作 found之前,是“過去的過去”,用過去完成時。故答案為had left。
10.考查倒裝與主謂一致。句意:里面有兩把鋒利的刀。Inside在句首這 是一個完全倒裝句,主語是后面的two sharp knives ,謂語動詞要用復數(shù)形式。故答案為were。
2.Fido, a little dog,was very anxious to get the favor on his master. He took care, however,??neither to be troublesome,______1______would he follow him into the living room unless he was asked. He also tried to make_____2_____(he) useful to his kind master. He would drive away strange pigs and other animals______3______came into the yard.
Once when his master was sick, Fido______4______(lie) at the room door and did not leave, even to get his food.When his master was well enough, Fido _____5_____ (admit) into the room, and showed so many signs of joy that his master was more fond _____6_____ him than ever.
Fido even had a chance of _____7_____(save) his master's life. His master was sleeping in a summerhouse with Fido at his side. Suddenly______8______dog saw the wall shake, and dirt fall from the ceiling. Fido knew that there was danger, and began barking______9______( awake) his master. As this did not succeed, he jumped up, and__________10__________( gentle) bit his finger. His master had just time to get out of the door when the whole building fell. Fido was hurt by some of the rubbish. And his master had him kindly taken care of till he got well.
【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章記敘了一條名叫Fido的狗,經(jīng)過努力,贏得主人喜愛的故事。
【詳情解析】
1.考查固定搭配。句意:但是,他很小心,既不惹麻煩,也不會進入主人的房間—除非主人允許。該題考查neither…nor…固定搭配,意為“既不……也不……”。故填nor。
2.考查反身代詞。句意:他努力使自己對主人來說有用。該空作make的賓語,且指主語本身,故應用反身代詞。故填himself。
3.考查定語從句。句意:他會趕走來到院子里的奇怪的豬和其他動物。“ 3 came into the yard”是定語從句,修飾strange pigs and other animals,引導詞在從句中作主語,指物,應用關系代詞which/that引導該從句。故填which/that。
4.考查動詞時態(tài)。句意:有一次,他的主人生病了,F(xiàn)ido躺在房門前,甚至不出去覓食。該空作謂語,且根據(jù)前面的時間狀語可知,該空敘述的是發(fā)生在過去的情況,應用一般過去時態(tài)。故填lay。
5.考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:Fido被允許進入房間。該空在句中作謂語,主語Fido和admit之間是被動關系,且根據(jù)該句時間狀語,該句應用一般過去時態(tài)。故填was admitted。
6.考查介詞。句意:他的主人比以前更加喜歡他。該題考查be fond of(喜歡)這個固定搭配。故填of。
7.考查動名詞。句意:Fido甚至有機會挽救主人的生命。該空作介詞of的賓語,應用動名詞。故填saving。
8.考查冠詞。句意:突然,這條狗看見墻在晃動。該處特指上文提到的Fido,表特指,用定冠詞the。故填the。
9.考查非謂語動詞。句意:他開始狂吠,想要喚醒主人?!癬_____9______( awake) his master”是目的狀語,表目的,用動詞不定式。故填to awake。
10.考查副詞。句意:他跳起來,輕輕地咬他的手指。該空修飾bit,修飾動詞用副詞,故填gently。
維度2 易錯專練
用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空,注意特殊詞形變化
Language is sometimes written as a code so that people can communicate secrets. During ____1____ Second World War, the German Navy (海軍)used a code to send messages. The British broke the code and ____2____ (learn) about many German plans. The Japanese also used a code to talk to ____3____ (they) ships at sea. It was called the Purple Code. Although the Americans soon broke this code, the Japanese didn’t know it ____4____(break). In 1942 , the Americans began to use their own code to send ____5____ (secret). A few Navajo(納瓦在人)Indians made this code ____6____(base) on their language, which only some American Indians spoke. The code described a few things the American army did. Only they could understand this code, so they went with the army as it fought against the Japanese. These Navajo soldiers promised ____7____(keep) this code a secret, even though this could cause their ____8____(die). The Japanese never broke the code because they knew nothing ____9____ the Navajo language. And the code, ____10____ connected two languages, helped win the war in the Pacific.
【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹了二戰(zhàn)時期不同國家使用的一些語言密碼。
【詳情解析】
1.考查冠詞。此處特指第二次世界大戰(zhàn),序數(shù)詞前面要用定冠詞 the。故填the。
2.考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)前文During the Second World War可知是過去發(fā)生的事情,所以此處用一般過去時learned/learnt。故填learned/learnt。
3.考查代詞。此處表示日本人也用密碼跟他們的船只交流,修飾名詞ships應用形容詞性物主代詞their。故填their。
4.考查時態(tài)及語態(tài)。根據(jù)前文Although the Americans soon broke this code, the Japanese didn’t know it可知,美國人破解了密碼,但日本人不知道密碼已經(jīng)被破解了。break動作發(fā)生在didn’t know之前,故本空應用過去完成時,且根據(jù)語境可知此處應用被動語態(tài),故填 had been broken。
5.考查名詞復數(shù)。根據(jù)語境可知美國人用密碼傳遞秘密,秘密不可能是一個,應用復數(shù) secrets。故填secrets。
6.考查過去分詞。此處指一些納瓦霍印第安人以他們的語言為基礎創(chuàng)造了密碼。be based on意為“以……為基礎”,本空應用過去分詞based。故填based。
7.考查不定式。promise to do sth. 意為“承諾做某事”,本空應用to keep作賓語。故填to keep。
8.考查名詞復數(shù)。設空處作動詞cause的賓語,并且被形容詞性物主代詞their修飾,所以用名詞復數(shù)。故填deaths。
9.考查介詞。根據(jù)語境可知,他們對納瓦霍印第安人的語言一無所知。know nothing about...意為“對……一無所知”,本空應介詞 about。故填about。
10.考查定語從句的關系詞。此處引導非限制性定語從句,先行詞為the code, 關系詞在從句中作主語,應用which。故填which。
維度3 語篇訓練
語法填空
(福建省福州市一級達標學校2022-2023學年度高三期中聯(lián)考)The Palace Museum, also known ____1____ the Forbidden City, is a much-visited and much-photographed tourist ____2____??(attract). This Chinese palace with a history of about 600 years receives millions of visits every year and ____3____ (show) in lots of TV programs in recent years.
However, it still has secrets. ____4____ (explore) those unknown areas and show the palace in a new light, a new program was carefully designed. The variety show, Shang Xin Le Gu Gong, broadcast ____5____ (it) first episode (一集) on Beijing TV and iQiyi. com, on November 9. That first episode won wide acceptance from audience and was thought highly of on Douban.com. “It brings many elements (元素) together, and everything in the show is ____6____ (perfect) matched and turns out amazing.” said ____7____ online user. “It brings me the thrill I felt when I stepped into the Palace Museum for the first time.”
In each one-hour-long episode, the actors and actresses switch between playing guides and historical ____8____ (figure) like emperors and royal family members of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). They focus on the areas ____9____ are still not accessible to the public and the stories _____10_____ (surround) them. In the show, the actors and actresses are also joined by designers who will create products based on what they see. The most popular ones, based on an online vote, are to be turned into souvenirs for sale.
【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹一期新欄目《上新了,故宮》,節(jié)目探索那些未知的區(qū)域并以全新的視角向人們展示了紫禁城這座宮殿。
【詳情解析】
1.考查介詞。句意:故宮博物院,也被稱為紫禁城,是一個經(jīng)常參觀和拍照的旅游勝地。固定搭配be known as“被稱為”,應用介詞as。故填as。
2.考查名詞。句意:見第1題詳解。此處表示“吸引人的地方”,應用名詞attraction,作表語,前面有a修飾,應用單數(shù)形式。故填attraction。
3.考查動詞語態(tài)。句意:這座有著約600年歷史的中國宮殿每年接待數(shù)百萬游客,近年來在許多電視節(jié)目中播出。根據(jù)時間狀語in recent years可知,應用現(xiàn)在完成時,主語是This Chinese palace,與show是動賓關系,應用被動語態(tài),助動詞用has。故填has been shown。
4.考查非謂語動詞。句意:為了探索那些未知的區(qū)域并以全新的視角展示宮殿,一個新的項目被精心地設計了出來。此處作目的狀語,應用動詞不定式。故填To explore。
5.考查代詞。句意:這檔綜藝節(jié)目《上新了,故宮》11月9日在北京電視臺和愛奇藝播出了它的第一集。此處修飾后面的名詞短語first episode,《上新了,故宮》的第一集,應用形容詞性物主代詞its。故填its。
6.考查副詞。句意:一位在線用戶表示:“它將許多元素融合在一起,節(jié)目中的每一個元素都完美匹配,結果令人驚嘆。”此處修飾謂語動詞is matched,應用副詞,作狀語。故填perfectly。
7.考查冠詞。句意:見第6題詳解。此處泛指“一位在線用戶”,應用不定冠詞,online是以元音音素開頭的詞,應用an。故填an。
8.考查名詞復數(shù)。句意:在每一集長達一小時的劇情中,演員們在扮演向導和歷史人物之間切換,就像清朝(1644-1911)的皇帝和皇室成員一樣。根據(jù)空后like emperors and royal family members of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911)可知,人物不止一個,應用名詞復數(shù)形式。故填figures。
9.考查定語從句。句意:他們關注的是公眾仍然無法進入的區(qū)域,以及圍繞這些區(qū)域的故事。此處是限定性定語從句,先行詞是areas,指物,在從句中作主語,應用關系代詞which或that引導。故填which或that。
10.考查非謂語動詞。句意:見第9題詳解。此處修飾的名詞stories,兩者是邏輯主謂關系,應用現(xiàn)在分詞,作后置定語,表示主動。故填surrounding。
這是一份高考英語二輪復習題型歸納與變式演練專題23語法填空之(含解析),共33頁。
這是一份高考英語二輪復習題型歸納與變式演練專題07高頻考點并列句、狀語從句及特殊句式與語法填空(含解析),共19頁。試卷主要包含了技法巧圖解等內(nèi)容,歡迎下載使用。
這是一份高考英語二輪復習題型歸納與變式演練專題06高頻考點定語從句和名詞性從句與語法填空(含解析),共22頁。試卷主要包含了技法巧圖解等內(nèi)容,歡迎下載使用。
注冊成功