
?全市高三第二次模擬測(cè)試
英語試題
注意事項(xiàng):
1. 答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。
2. 回答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?;卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí),將答案寫在答題卡上在本試卷上無效。
3. 考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第一部分 閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A, B, C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
Cash Composition Contest
In support of Financial Literacy Month (April), Michigan State University Extension and 4-H, a youth organization, are coordinating (協(xié)調(diào)) the Cash Composition Contest. Youths residing in Michigan are encouraged to answer this year’s essay question with an essay of 300 words or less. The 5 top-scoring essays will each win a $100 gift card thanks to the generous sponsorship by Extra Credit Union.
Timeline
April 30, 2023: Essay submission due by 11:59 pm
May 31, 2023: Winners notified
Cash Composition Topic
What is the difference between a need and a want? Discuss how you determine if something is a need or a want. How can you make sure you have enough money to get your needs and still enjoy some of your wants? Share how needs and wants might change throughout one’s life.
Grading Standards
● Quality of Writing
● Organization and Information
● Grammar
Guidelines
Participants must:
● Between 9—12 years of age as of January 1, 2023 living in the state of Michigan.
● Have knowledge of money management such as saving, spending, borrowing, and planning appropriate for age and grade level.
Requirements
● Youths must have parental or guardian permission to apply and participate.
● The application form must be completed by a parent/guardian.
● Youths must write an essay (300 words or less)on the assigned topic above.
● Essays must be submitted on the contest registration page.
● The essay must be the work of the student submitting it. It is highly recommended that youths write their essay prior to completing the registration/submission form.
1. Who will sponsor the contest prizes?
A. Michigan State University. B. Extra Credit Union.
C. A local youth organization. D. The state of Michigan.
2. What will be focused on in the entry?
A. The changes throughout one’s life.
B. The ways to improve quality of writing.
C. The need for charity management.
D. The discussions on needs and wants.
3. Which will result in disqualification for an applicant?
A. Submitting the essay on April 29. B. Writing an essay of 300 words.
C. Filling the application form in person. D. Finishing the essay before registration.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了寫作比賽的相關(guān)事宜。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段末句“The 5 top-scoring essays will each win a $100 gift card thanks to the generous sponsorship by Extra Credit Union. (由于Extra Credit Union的慷慨贊助,得分最高的5篇文章將每人贏得100美元的禮品卡。)”可知,本次比賽的獎(jiǎng)品將由Extra Credit Union贊助。故選B。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段末句“Share how needs and wants might change throughout one’s life. (分享在一個(gè)人的一生中需求和欲望是如何變化的。)”可知,關(guān)于需求和欲望的討論將是參賽作品的重點(diǎn)。故選D。
3題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段“The application form must be completed by a parent/guardian. (申請(qǐng)表格必須由家長(zhǎng)/監(jiān)護(hù)人填寫。)”可知,申請(qǐng)人如親自填寫申請(qǐng)表格,將被取消資格。故選C。
B
At a hotel, surrounded by teammates, he got the email. “Dear Spencer Heslop.” it read, “you have been invited to participate in the Selection Camp for the US Men’s National Team for 2022.”
The recent graduate from University of Michigan School of Public Health, dreamed of the opportunity to play for the United States since he was seven years old. After he developed a disease that often results in damage to the spinal cord (脊髓) and nerves, Heslop’s parents pushed him to try wheelchair basketball.
By high school, Heslop played wheelchair basketball on a competitive basketball team. The experience opened his eyes to the world of adaptive sports, which became his favorite. While he was never the biggest or strongest player, Heslop had a feel for the game and a desire to take it further. Faced with many challenges, he worked tirelessly to develop chair skills and conditioning that made him more explosive.
“As I applied to graduate school, I knew I would play wherever I was planning to go,” Heslop said. “University of Michigan was near the top of my list academically. I also heard that they were trying to get an adaptive sports program going, and that helped me make my choice.” University of Michigan Adaptive Sports and Fitness was formed in 2018 to address the inequitable access to physical activity opportunities, competitive and recreational, for students with disabilities at University of Michigan.
Since Heslop joined the program in 2020, University of Michigan’s wheelchair basketball team became part of the NWBA’s Division Ⅱ. After leading the team to an 8th-place finish at the NWBA Nationals in April 2022, Heslop participated in the US Men’s National Team Selection Camp where he fought against 30 of the nation to athletes and made the final twelve-man roster. This gave the recently graduated young man a better shot at his ultimate goal: playing for his country in the Paralympic Games.
4. What helped Heslop develop his passion for adaptive sports?
A. The unexpected disease at seven.
B. The email he received at a hotel.
C. The University of Michigan he dreamed of.
D. The experience in a wheelchair basketball team.
5. Why did Heslop choose University of Michigan?
A. He accepted a large sum of scholarship.
B. He could join his favorite sports program.
C. He was promised a chance to play for the country.
D. He was invited to set up Adaptive Sports and Fitness.
6. What is mainly talked about in the last paragraph?
A. Heslop’s achievements. B. Heslop’s ultimate goal.
C. Heslop’s superior leadership. D. Heslop’s bright future.
7. Which can best describe Heslop?
A. Generous. B. Reliable. C. Creative. D. Determined.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文,主要講述Spencer Heslop患上一種經(jīng)常導(dǎo)致脊髓和神經(jīng)損傷的疾病后打輪椅籃球,在2022年4月帶領(lǐng)球隊(duì)在NWBA全國(guó)比賽中獲得第八名后,他參加了美國(guó)男子國(guó)家隊(duì)選拔營(yíng),在那里他與30名全國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)員進(jìn)行了競(jìng)爭(zhēng),并進(jìn)入了最后的12人名單。
【4題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“By high school, Heslop played wheelchair basketball on a competitive basketball team. The experience opened his eyes to the world of adaptive sports, which became his favorite.(高中時(shí),Heslop在一個(gè)競(jìng)技籃球隊(duì)打輪椅籃球。這次經(jīng)歷讓他看到了適應(yīng)性運(yùn)動(dòng)的世界,這成為了他的最愛。)”可知,讓Heslop對(duì)適應(yīng)性運(yùn)動(dòng)產(chǎn)生了熱情的是在輪椅籃球隊(duì)的經(jīng)歷。故選D。
【5題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“University of Michigan was near the top of my list academically. I also heard that they were trying to get an adaptive sports program going, and that helped me make my choice.(密歇根大學(xué)在我的學(xué)術(shù)名單上名列前茅。我還聽說他們正在努力開展適應(yīng)性體育項(xiàng)目,這幫助我做出了選擇。)”可知,Heslop選擇密歇根大學(xué)是因?yàn)樗梢詤⒓铀钕矚g的體育項(xiàng)目。故選B。
【6題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的“After leading the team to an 8th-place finish at the NWBA Nationals in April 2022, Heslop participated in the US Men’s National Team Selection Camp where he fought against 30 of the nation to athletes and made the final twelve-man roster.(在2022年4月帶領(lǐng)球隊(duì)在NWBA全國(guó)比賽中獲得第八名后,Heslop參加了美國(guó)男子國(guó)家隊(duì)選拔營(yíng),在那里他與30名全國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)員進(jìn)行了競(jìng)爭(zhēng),并進(jìn)入了最后的12人名單。)”可知,最后一段主要討論了Heslop所取得的成就。故選A。
【7題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Faced with many challenges, he worked tirelessly to develop chair skills and conditioning that made him more explosive.(面對(duì)許多挑戰(zhàn),他孜孜不倦地學(xué)習(xí)椅子技巧和調(diào)節(jié),使他更具爆發(fā)力。)”可知,Heslop是有決心的,故選D。
C
When you’re bored, you might start playing with a ball or other objects. Such behavior is common in people. Other animals like it too—that’s why a dog fetches a stick, or a cat bats at toys. Play is an enjoyable way to pass the time. A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黃蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play.
In the study, Hiruni Samadi Galpayage Dona, an insect expert, did an experiment using 200 untrained bumblebees to see if they might play. Of those, 45 would be marked with a number when they emerged as adults.
A pathway was set up from the bumblebees’ nest to a feeding area. One side contained small wooden balls that rolled. The other side had the same number of balls, but they were stuck to the floor. Half balls on each side were colored balls. The rest were left unpainted.
For three hours a day over 18 days, Galpayage Dona found bumblebees weren’t so interested in the side where the balls didn’t move, but they explored the side areas and interacted with the balls. Once they managed to roll a ball, they strongly preferred that side. They returned, climbing on the balls and rolling them around. She also found bumblebees preferred certain colors of balls.
“There’s something about the mobility that is more interesting for the bumblebees than just colored objects,” Galpayage Dona says. In another experiment, she sometimes left the balls out overnight. “When I came in the next day, I would always find some bumblebees rolling the balls.” As with mammals, the bumblebees who played the most were the younger ones. Their play tapered off as they got older.
The scientists say it’s not clear why the bumblebees roll the balls or whether they enjoy it. But the experiment raises important questions about how the insects’ minds work and whether they have feelings.
8. How does the author introduce the topic?
A. By describing the fun of play. B. By analyzing reasons for boredom.
C. By introducing similar phenomena. D. By presenting animals’ cute images.
9. What did the researcher do in the experiment?
A. She trained bumblebees to play balls.
B. She put small balls along the pathway.
C. She set up a pathway in bumblebees’ nest.
D. She rewarded the bumblebees with rolled balls.
10. What does the underlined part “tapered off” probably mean in paragraph 5?
A. Mattered. B. Helped. C. Decreased. D. Emerged.
11. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Bumblebees Prefer Shape to Color
B. Balls Are Bumblebees’ Favorite Toys
C. Playing with Objects Is Animals’ Second Nature
D. Bumblebees Are the First Insects Known to Play
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),喜歡玩耍的不僅僅是哺乳動(dòng)物。大黃蜂也這樣做,這使它們成為已知的喜歡玩耍的第一種昆蟲。
【8題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“When you’re bored, you might start playing with a ball or other objects. Such behavior is common in people. Other animals like it too — that’s why a dog fetches a stick, or a cat bats at toys. Play is an enjoyable way to pass the time. A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黃蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play.(當(dāng)你感到無聊時(shí),你可能會(huì)開始玩球或其他物體。這種行為在人群中很常見。其他動(dòng)物也喜歡它——這就是為什么狗會(huì)撿到一根棍子,或者貓會(huì)向玩具發(fā)起攻擊。玩耍是消磨時(shí)間的一種令人愉快的方式。一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),喜歡玩耍的不僅僅是哺乳動(dòng)物。大黃蜂也這樣做,使它們成為已知的第一種昆蟲)”可知,作者介紹了人類和一些動(dòng)物是相似的,都會(huì)通過玩耍來消磨時(shí)間,以此來引起文章主題——大黃蜂也這樣做。由此推知,作者通過介紹相似現(xiàn)象來引起文章主題。故選C。
【9題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“A pathway was set up from the bumblebees’ nest to a feeding area. One side contained small wooden balls that rolled.(一條小路從大黃蜂的巢穴通往一個(gè)進(jìn)食區(qū)。一邊是滾動(dòng)的小木球)”可知,在實(shí)驗(yàn)中,研究者她把小球放在小路上。故選B。
【10題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“As with mammals, the bumblebees who played the most were the younger ones.(和哺乳動(dòng)物一樣,大黃蜂玩得最多的是年輕的)”和劃線詞所在句子“Their play tapered off as they got older.(隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng),它們的玩耍逐漸tapered off)”可知,和哺乳動(dòng)物一樣,大黃蜂玩得最多的是年輕的,這說明那些歲數(shù)大的黃蜂玩得較少。由此推知,隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng),大黃蜂的玩得次數(shù)減少。由此推知,劃線短語“tapered off”意為“減少”,與C項(xiàng)“Decreased.(減少)”意思一樣。故選C。
【11題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文,尤其是第一段中“A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黃蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play.(一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),喜歡玩耍的不僅僅是哺乳動(dòng)物。大黃蜂也這樣做,使它們成為已知的第一種昆蟲)”可知,文章主要講了實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,大黃蜂是已知的喜歡玩耍的第一種昆蟲。由此可知,D項(xiàng)“大黃蜂是已知的玩耍的第一種昆蟲”適合做文章標(biāo)題。故選D。
D
The UN this week launched a report urging companies to stop issuing false net-zero targets that amount to greenwashing.
Greenwashing is a term used to describe situations where companies mislead consumers by claiming to be eco-friendly or sustainable as a marketing plan rather than as a core principle of their business model. Often, these industries spend more money making themselves appear sustainable than they do taking actual sustainable measures into their company.
Cities, financial institutions, and scores of companies have announced plans to reduce their emissions to zero, which, in principle, should help the fight against climate change.
“The problem is that the criteria for these net-zero commitments have varying levels of precision and loopholes (漏洞),” said UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres during the launch of the report.
Many net-zero plans contain far-away or unclear targets and often call for the use of unproved technologies like carbon capture and tree planting, which effectively allow companies to continue polluting the atmosphere. Studies show that most of these net-zero plans will do little to stop temperatures from rising. For example, many oil majors have announced plans to reduce emissions from their operations to zero by 2050 that do not take into account the carbon emitted by the fossil fuels they sell, which would allow them to increase production. Far from decreasing, fossil fuel production is going strong.
To close these net-zero loopholes, the UN this week released a report that includes 10 recommendations to ensure that companies, cities, regions, and other non-state actors issue credible and accountable net zero commitments. “Their plans cannot rely on cheap carbon credits instead of immediately cutting their own emissions,” Guterres said.
Financial institutions need to cut down emissions from all their investments and businesses need to bring down the carbon footprint of their supply chain, the report said. The report’s lead author, Catherine McKenna, urged companies to release new net-zero targets within a year. The updated targets must contain concrete actionable details.
12. What does “greenwashing” refer to?
A. A green technology. B. A misleading statement.
C. A business model. D. A spending target.
13. Why does the author mention the oil majors?
A. To prove oil majors are really responsible.
B. To set some good examples for other companies.
C. To show some net- zero commitments make no sense.
D. To indicate the benefit of net zero plans to climate change.
14. How does Guterres feel about the issued net-zero plans?
A. Dissatisfied. B. Guilty. C. Shocked. D. Confused.
15. What is advised to do to fix net-zero loopholes?
A. Plant more trees. B. Share more supply chains.
C. Depend on cheap carbon credits. D. Make concrete actionable targets.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了聯(lián)合國(guó)本周發(fā)布了一份報(bào)告,敦促企業(yè)停止發(fā)布相當(dāng)于“洗綠”的虛假凈零目標(biāo)。
【12題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中“Greenwashing is a term used to describe situations where companies mislead consumers by claiming to be eco-friendly or sustainable as a marketing plan rather than as a core principle of their business model.(“綠色清洗”是一個(gè)術(shù)語,用來描述這樣一種情況:企業(yè)聲稱自己是環(huán)保型或可持續(xù)型的營(yíng)銷計(jì)劃,而不是其商業(yè)模式的核心原則,從而誤導(dǎo)消費(fèi)者)”可推知,“洗綠”指的是一種誤導(dǎo)性的說法。故選B。
【13題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句話“Many net-zero plans contain far-away or unclear targets and often call for the use of unproved technologies like carbon capture and tree planting, which effectively allow companies to continue polluting the atmosphere(許多凈零排放計(jì)劃包含遙遠(yuǎn)或不明確的目標(biāo),往往要求使用未經(jīng)證實(shí)的技術(shù),如碳捕獲和植樹,這實(shí)際上允許企業(yè)繼續(xù)污染大氣)”可知,一些凈零承諾包含遙遠(yuǎn)或不明確的目標(biāo),往往要求使用未經(jīng)證實(shí)的技術(shù),這會(huì)允許企業(yè)繼續(xù)污染大氣。由此推知,一些凈零承諾是沒有意義的。接著文章列舉石油巨頭的例子“For example, many oil majors have announced plans to reduce emissions from their operations to zero by 2050 that do not take into account the carbon emitted by the fossil fuels they sell, which would allow them to increase production. Far from decreasing, fossil fuel production is going strong.(例如,許多石油巨頭宣布了到2050年將其業(yè)務(wù)排放量減至零的計(jì)劃,這些計(jì)劃沒有考慮到它們銷售的化石燃料所排放的碳,這將使它們能夠增加產(chǎn)量?;剂袭a(chǎn)量非但沒有下降,反而增長(zhǎng)強(qiáng)勁)”來說明一些凈零承諾是沒有意義的。故選C。
【14題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中““The problem is that the criteria for these net-zero commitments have varying levels of precision and loopholes (漏洞),” said UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres during the launch of the report.(“問題在于,這些凈零排放承諾的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有不同程度的精確性和漏洞,”聯(lián)合國(guó)秘書長(zhǎng)Antonio Guterres在報(bào)告發(fā)布時(shí)說)”可推知,Guterres對(duì)凈零計(jì)劃是不滿意的。故選A。
【15題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“The report’s lead author, Catherine McKenna, urged companies to release new net-zero targets within a year. The updated targets must contain concrete actionable details.(該報(bào)告的主要作者Catherine McKenna敦促企業(yè)在一年內(nèi)公布新的凈零排放目標(biāo)。更新后的目標(biāo)必須包含具體的可操作細(xì)節(jié))”可知,建議制定具體可行的目標(biāo)來彌補(bǔ)凈零漏洞,故選D。
第二節(jié)(共5小題,每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Learning how to care for a sad person will help you be there for your loved ones and friends when they are down. However, knowing how to care for a sad person is not something an individual is born with. ____16____ Here are a few tips that will eventually help you lift the spirit of a sad person.
Give a hug. Hugging someone shows your affection and care. ____17____ This can make them feel relaxed and open to you. This can also help them recognize that you are there to help them go through this moment. With no kind and loving words, your actions have already said a lot.
____18____ Now, go on and say some kind words. Words like “I’m here”, “we are in this together”, “you’ll get over this”, “l(fā)ean on me” and so on, can help a sad person feel better and know that you’re there to take him/her through the sad moment.
Use the right tone of voice. ____19____ They go along with tone to convey a meaning to the listener. To convey your words with faith that would create a positive effect on the sad person, you would need to say it with the right tone of voice.
Listen patiently. People ask lots of questions but they end up paying little attention to getting the feedback (反饋) that they wanted. Don’t be that person. After asking the questions, listen patiently to know what the sad person would appreciate at that time. ____20____
A. Say kind loving words.
B. Make use of polite expressions.
C. Then choose to appreciate others too.
D. Remember that words do not stand alone.
E. It will help you know how to offer the best fitting help.
F. This knowledge is gained through research and practice.
G. When you do this to someone, they can feel your warmth.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了如何照顧一個(gè)傷心的人。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Learning how to care for a sad person will help you be there for your loved ones and friends when they are down. However, knowing how to care for a sad person is not something an individual is born with.(學(xué)習(xí)如何關(guān)心一個(gè)傷心人會(huì)幫助你在你愛的人和朋友倒下的時(shí)候陪在他們身邊。然而,知道如何照顧一個(gè)傷心的人并不是一個(gè)人與生俱來的)”可知,上文提到“知道如何照顧一個(gè)傷心的人并不是一個(gè)人與生俱來的”,說明需要通過研究和實(shí)踐獲得,F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)This knowledge對(duì)應(yīng)上文knowing how to care for a sad person。故F選項(xiàng)“這些知識(shí)是通過研究和實(shí)踐獲得的”符合語境,故選F。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Give a hug. Hugging someone shows your affection and care.(給一個(gè)擁抱。擁抱某人表示你的愛和關(guān)心)”以及后文“This can make them feel relaxed and open to you.(這會(huì)讓他們感到放松,對(duì)你敞開心扉)”可知,擁抱某人表示你的愛和關(guān)心,所以當(dāng)你對(duì)別人這樣做時(shí),他們能感受到你的溫暖。故G選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你對(duì)別人這樣做時(shí),他們能感受到你的溫暖”承接上文,指出擁抱某人的好處,符合語境,故選G。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)后文“Now, go on and say some kind words. Words like “I’m here”, “we are in this together”, “you’ll get over this”, “l(fā)ean on me” and so on, can help a sad person feel better and know that you’re there to take him/her through the sad moment.(現(xiàn)在,繼續(xù)說幾句好話吧。像“我在這里”、“我們?cè)谝黄稹?、“你?huì)挺過來的”、“依靠我”之類的話,可以幫助悲傷的人感覺好一點(diǎn),讓他們知道你會(huì)陪著他/她度過悲傷的時(shí)刻)”可知,本段主要關(guān)于對(duì)別人說一些暖心的話語,故A選項(xiàng)“說些親切的愛的話”符合語境,故選A。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Use the right tone of voice.(使用正確的語氣)”以及后文“They go along with tone to convey a meaning to the listener.(它們配合語氣向聽者傳達(dá)意思)”可知,后文提到言語配合語氣向聽者傳達(dá)意思,說明不是孤立的,D選項(xiàng)words對(duì)應(yīng)后文they。故D選項(xiàng)“記住,言語不是孤立的”符合語境,故選D。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“After asking the questions, listen patiently to know what the sad person would appreciate at that time.(問完問題后,耐心地聽,知道那個(gè)悲傷的人當(dāng)時(shí)會(huì)感激什么)”可知,本句為本段最后一句,應(yīng)承接上文說明傾聽的作用:幫助你知道如何提供最合適的幫助,故E選項(xiàng)“它將幫助你知道如何提供最合適的幫助”符合語境,故選E。
第二部分 語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
Hurricane Ian hit Florida and brought with it flooding, winds and a record high storm.
Karen is 84 years old and relies on a wheelchair to ____21____ because she is missing a leg. Her son Johnny tried ____22____ to get her to leave, but she refused again and again — she ____23____ the intensity of the storm.
Johnny lives four blocks away. When Karen reported the water in her house had reached her waist, he knew he had to take ____24____.
First, Johnny ____25____ his kids were taken care of. He gave them food and opened the attic (閣樓) so that they could ____26____ through the roof if water continued to rise. Then, he jumped out of a window and began to ____27____.
Johnny was racing against the clock. He knew he only had a(n) ____28____ period of time to get there before the water rose above Karen’s ____29____. It took him 40 minutes to swim four blocks. The sound of Karen yelling was _____30_____ to his ears! She was still alive!
Everyone in Johnny’s family is now _____31_____ although they’ve lost everything they owned. But they’re _____32_____ just to be here.
“I didn’t lose _____33_____. Life is like a computer, there’re two _____34_____: a reset and a power — and we are blessed that it was just a reset button, not the power, that got _____35_____,” he said.
21. A. get around B. help out C. sit up D. work out
22. A. simply B. repeatedly C. obviously D. particularly
23. A. calculated B. identified C. experienced D. underestimated
24. A. care B. place C. action D. charge
25. A. proved B. ensured C. noticed D. admitted
26. A. expand B. assist C. escape D. dominate
27. A. run B. ride C. drive D. swim
28. A. short B. efficient C. ideal D. indefinite
29. A. waist B. ankles C. head D. knees
30. A. harm B. music C. advice D. news
31. A. responsible B. remarkable C. innocent D. safe
32. A. grateful B. sure C. concerned D. surprised
33. A. memory B. hope C. sight D. weight
34. A. screens B. keyboards C. buttons D. monitors
35. A. prepared B. separated C. injured D. hit
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了強(qiáng)烈的暴風(fēng)雨發(fā)生時(shí),Johnny游了四個(gè)街區(qū),去救自己因缺少一條腿而坐輪椅的母親。雖然這場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雨讓他們失去了家里所有的東西,但幸運(yùn)的是,一家人都安全地活下來,這是很重要的。
【21題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:Karen今年84歲,因缺了一條腿,她需要依靠輪椅行走。A. get around到處走走;B. help out幫忙……擺脫困難;C. sit up端坐;D. work out解決出。由下文“because she is missing a leg.”可知,Karen缺了一條腿,所以她需要依靠輪椅到處行走,故選A。
【22題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:她的兒子Johnny再三試圖讓她離開家里,但她一次又一次地拒絕——她低估了暴風(fēng)雨的強(qiáng)度。A. simply簡(jiǎn)單地;B. repeatedly重復(fù)地;再三地;C. obviously顯然地;D. particularly尤其;特別。由下文“but she refused again and again”可知,她兒子讓她離開家里,但是她一遍又一遍拒絕兒子的要求,由此可知,她的兒子再三試圖讓她離開,故選B。
【23題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:她的兒子Johnny再三試圖讓她離開,但她一次又一次地拒絕——她低估了暴風(fēng)雨的強(qiáng)度。A. calculated計(jì)算;B. identified辨認(rèn);C. experienced經(jīng)歷;D. underestimated低估。由第一段“Hurricane Ian hit Florida and brought with it flooding, winds and a record high storm.(颶風(fēng)伊恩襲擊了佛羅里達(dá)州,帶來了洪水、狂風(fēng)和創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的暴風(fēng)雨。)”和下文“When Karen reported the water in her house had reached her waist(當(dāng)Karen說她家的水已經(jīng)到了她的腰部時(shí))”和上文提到兒子讓她離開可知,暴風(fēng)雨強(qiáng)度很大,兒子勸她離開家里,但是她拒絕兒子的要求,由此可知,她低估了暴風(fēng)雨的強(qiáng)度,故選D。
【24題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)Karen說她家的水已經(jīng)到了她的腰部時(shí),他知道他必須采取行動(dòng)了。A. care關(guān)心;B. place地方;C. action行動(dòng);D. charge費(fèi)用。由上文“When Karen reported the water in her house had reached her waist, he knew he had to take”可知,在聽到母親說家里的水已經(jīng)到了她的腰部時(shí),Johnny意識(shí)到自己必須采取去救自己的母親,故選C。
【25題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:首先,Johnny確保他的孩子得到照顧。A. proved證明;B. ensured確保;C. noticed注意;D. admitted承認(rèn)。由下文“He gave them food”和文章提到他聽到母親說他家里的水已經(jīng)到腰部可知,Johnny要去幫助母親,所以他給了孩子們食物,以確保孩子們能夠被照顧好,故選B。
【26題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:他給他們食物,打開閣樓,這樣如果水位繼續(xù)上升的時(shí)候,他們就可以從屋頂逃走。A. expand擴(kuò)大;B. assist幫助;C. escape逃脫;D. dominate統(tǒng)治。由下文“if water continued to rise.”可知,如果水位上升,孩子們可以通過閣樓走到屋頂,然后逃出去,故選C。
【27題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:然后,他跳出窗戶開始游泳。A. run跑步;B. ride騎行;C. drive開車;D. swim游泳。由下文“It took him 40 minutes to swim four blocks.”和文章介紹暴風(fēng)雨很大可知,Johnny是泳到母親家的,故選D。
【28題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:他知道在海水淹過Karen頭之前,他只有很短的時(shí)間到達(dá)那里。A. short短的;B. efficient有效率的;C. ideal理想的;D. indefinite無限期的。由下文“before the water rose above Karen’s”和上文提到Karen坐在輪椅上,且暴風(fēng)雨很大可知,水很快就會(huì)淹沒Karen,所以說他只有很短的時(shí)間游到母親家里,故選A。
【29題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他知道在海水淹過Karen的頭之前,他只有很短的時(shí)間到達(dá)那里。A. waist腰部;B. ankles腳踝;C. head頭;D. knees膝蓋。由上文“before the water rose above Karen’s”可知,暴風(fēng)雨很大,所以水很快就會(huì)沒過Karen的頭,將她淹沒,故選C。
【30題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:Karen大喊大叫的聲音對(duì)他來說簡(jiǎn)直是音樂一樣動(dòng)聽!A. harm傷害;B. music音樂;C. advice建議;D. news新聞。由下文“She was still alive!”可知,聽到母親的聲音,他很高興,知道母親還活著,所以此處將母親的聲音比作音樂,突出他很高興,故選B。
【31題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:雖然他們失去了所有的東西,但是Johnny家里的每個(gè)人現(xiàn)在都安全了。A. responsible負(fù)責(zé)任的;B. remarkable非凡的;C. innocent無罪的;D. safe安全的。由下文“just to be here”可知。家里的每個(gè)人都安全了,故選D。
【32題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:但他們很感激都在這里。A. grateful感激的;B. sure肯定的;C. concerned相連的。D. surprised驚訝的。有上文“Everyone in Johnny’s family is now 11 ”和下文“we are blessed”可知,他們都在暴風(fēng)雨中幸存下來,所以他們是感激的,故選A。
【33題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我沒有失去希望。A. memory記憶;B. hope希望;C. sight視野;D. weight體重。由下文“we are blessed that it was just a reset button, not the power”可知,Johnny認(rèn)為他們只是需要重新開啟生活,這說明他沒有失去希望,故選B。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:生活就像一臺(tái)電腦,有兩個(gè)按鈕: 一個(gè)是復(fù)位按鈕,一個(gè)是電源按鈕。我們很幸運(yùn),被擊中的只是一個(gè)復(fù)位按鈕,而不是電源按鈕。A. screens屏幕;B. keyboards鍵盤;C. buttons按鈕;D. monitors顯示屏。由下文“a reset button, not the power”可知,Johnny將生活比作電腦,有兩個(gè)按鈕——一個(gè)是復(fù)位按鈕,一個(gè)是電源按鈕,故選C。
【35題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:生活就像一臺(tái)電腦,有兩個(gè)按鈕: 一個(gè)是復(fù)位按鈕,一個(gè)是電源按鈕。我們很幸運(yùn),被擊中的只是一個(gè)復(fù)位按鈕,而不是電源按鈕。A. prepared準(zhǔn)備;B. separated分離;C. injured受傷;D. hit擊中。由上文“we are blessed that it was just a reset button, not the power, that got”可知,Johnny將生活比作電腦,有兩個(gè)按鈕——一個(gè)是復(fù)位按鈕,一個(gè)是電源按鈕,他認(rèn)為他們被擊中的只是一個(gè)復(fù)位按鈕,即Johnny認(rèn)為這場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雨雖然讓他們失去了一些物質(zhì)上的東西,但是他們一家人都安全活下來,他們可以重新開始。故選D。
第二節(jié)(共10小題,每小題1.5分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
A new adaptation of Chinese mythological stories has won the heart of audiences with its distinctive style. The animation series, Yao—Chinese Folktales, ____36____ (gain) more than 110 million views online since it was released.
The series, co-produced by Shanghai Animation Film Studio and Bilibili, is ____37____ collection of 20-minute short films, consisting of eight separate stories ____38____ (feature) monster-like characters, or yao in Chinese. The collection, ____39____ ranges from ancient stories to science fiction, from emotional connection with hometowns to romantic love ____40____ from life themes to questions for humanity, presents Chinese culture and philosophy. For example, the first episode, named “Nobody”, tells a pig monster’s story ____41____ (base) on the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West. The creative team put the perspective on the little monsters who used to have blurry faces and didn’t even have names in the story.
Li Zao, general producer, said it was impossible ____42____ (predict) what the eventual outcome would be at first. Now, the ____43____ (favor) comments exceeded the expectations of the creative team. These contained both the audience’s ____44____ (recognize) of the work and their hopes of Chinese animation. Besides adapting ____45____ the taste of the masses, the team also wanted to guide them to appreciate different types of work.
【答案】36. has gained 37. a
38. featuring
39. which 40. and
41. based 42. to predict
43. favorable
44. recognition 45. to
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。中國(guó)神話故事《中國(guó)奇譚》的新改編以其獨(dú)特的風(fēng)格贏得了觀眾的喜愛。
【36題詳解】
考查謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:這部名為《中國(guó)奇譚》的動(dòng)畫系列自上映以來,在網(wǎng)上獲得了超過1.1億的觀看量。根據(jù)本句時(shí)間狀語從句“since it was released”可知,主句應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),照應(yīng)主語“The animation series”,應(yīng)為單數(shù)。故填has gained。
【37題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意:該系列由上海動(dòng)畫電影制片廠和嗶哩嗶哩聯(lián)合制作,是一部20分鐘的短片合集,由8個(gè)獨(dú)立的故事組成,主角都是像怪物一樣的角色,用漢語說就是“妖”。分析句子成分可知,空處應(yīng)為不定冠詞表示泛指,且空后“collection”為輔音音素開頭,故應(yīng)為a。故填a。
【38題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:該系列由上海動(dòng)畫電影制片廠和嗶哩嗶哩聯(lián)合制作,是一部20分鐘的短片合集,由8個(gè)獨(dú)立的故事組成,主角都是像怪物一樣的角色,用漢語說就是“妖”。分析句子成分可知,空處應(yīng)為非謂語動(dòng)詞,且照應(yīng)所修飾的名詞“stories”,為主謂關(guān)系,故用doing形式作后置定語。故填featuring。
【39題詳解】
考查連詞。句意:從古代故事到科幻小說,從與家鄉(xiāng)的情感聯(lián)系到浪漫的愛情,從生活主題到對(duì)人性的質(zhì)疑,這些都展示了中國(guó)文化和哲學(xué)。分析句子成分可知,空處應(yīng)為非限制性定語從句的連接代詞,指代先行詞“The collection”,為物,且在從句中充當(dāng)主語,故應(yīng)為which。故填which。
【40題詳解】
考查連詞。句意:從古代故事到科幻小說,從與家鄉(xiāng)的情感聯(lián)系到浪漫的愛情,從生活主題到對(duì)人性的質(zhì)疑,這些都展示了中國(guó)文化和哲學(xué)。分析句子成分可知,空處應(yīng)為并列連詞連接三個(gè)并列的成分。故填and。
【41題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:例如,第一集名為“Nobody”,講述了一個(gè)根據(jù)中國(guó)經(jīng)典小說《西游記》改編的豬怪的故事。分析句子成分可知,空處應(yīng)為非謂語動(dòng)詞,且照應(yīng)所修飾的名詞“a story”,為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用done形式作后置定語。故填based。
【42題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:總制片人李造表示,最初不可能預(yù)測(cè)最終結(jié)果會(huì)是什么。分析句子成分可知,“it”為形式主語,故空處應(yīng)為不定式作真正的主語。故填to predict。
【43題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意:現(xiàn)在,好評(píng)超出了創(chuàng)意團(tuán)隊(duì)的預(yù)期??仗帒?yīng)為形容詞修飾名詞“comments”。故填favorable。
【44題詳解】
考查名詞。句意:其中既有觀眾對(duì)作品的認(rèn)可,也有觀眾對(duì)中國(guó)動(dòng)畫的期許。照應(yīng)空前的所有格“the audience’s”,故空處應(yīng)為名詞。故填recognition。
【45題詳解】
考查介詞。句意:除了適應(yīng)大眾的口味,團(tuán)隊(duì)還想引導(dǎo)他們欣賞不同類型的作品。固定搭配adapt to...“適應(yīng)……”。故填to。
第三部分 寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(滿分15分)
46. 你校英語俱樂部正在舉辦主題為“A Shiny Summer for Graduation Season”的英文征文活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你寫一篇短文投稿。內(nèi)容包括:
1. 畢業(yè)季暑期的意義;
2. 你的打算;
3. 對(duì)同學(xué)的建議。
注意:
1. 寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;
2. 請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
A Shiny Summer for Graduation Season
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Hello, everyone. Soon we will graduate from high school. Next we will have a very long summer holiday. And we have no homework and no exams this summer holiday. This means that we can do things that we couldn’t do or didn’t have time to do before because of the heavy pressure of high school. Read a book you’ve always wanted to read, learn to drive or take a trip.
I plan to find a part-time job in summer vacation, and I will learn how to drive. After that, I will go hiking with a month’s salary.
Let’s do it! After high school graduation, it means that we are adults, we should make good use of this summer vacation to explore the new world.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文寫作。要求考生以主題為“A Shiny Summer for Graduation Season”寫一篇短文投稿。
【詳解】1. 詞匯積累
畢業(yè):graduate from high school→leave high school
假期:holiday→vacation
繁重的:heavy→rough
找到:find→gain
2. 句式拓展
同義句
原句:I plan to find a part-time job in summer vacation, and I will learn how to drive.
拓展句:I plan to find a part-time job during the summer, learning how to drive.
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]This means that we can do things that we couldn’t do or didn’t have time to do before because of the heavy pressure of high school.(that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句)
[高分句型2]Read a book you’ve always wanted to read, learn to drive or take a trip.(省略that的定語從句)
第二節(jié)(滿分25分)
47. 閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
My name is Maeli. I am so lucky because I have Lizzy Jo. She is my cousin and my friend!
Yesterday our teacher brought out a big box just before the last bell rang. “I have a little gift for each of you,” she said. Then she gave each of us a perfect popcorn ball. Each popcorn ball was in a transparent bag that was tied with a ribbon (絲帶). Just that little ribbon made the gift look so fancy! Sometimes, it’s the tiny details that make things special.
I happen to have a great appreciation for popcorn balls, so I was pleased. Lizzy Jo and I rode the bus home. The moment I was off the bus. I untied the ribbon and placed it into my pocket. Then I took the popcorn ball out of the plastic bag. I didn’t even stop walking. Unfortunately, my feet were in a big hurry to get home, and sometimes when feet are in a hurry, they trip.
My feet tripped. I fell. And my perfect popcorn ball dropped right into a yucky, murky puddle (水坑). I was okay, but my popcorn ball wasn’t. Have you ever seen a perfect popcorn ball in a yucky, murky puddle? It isn’t something that you want to take a photo of and frame and keep forever.
I looked at my popcorn ball. That moment definitely was not the time to use the two-second rule, which I used at my grandma’s house last week. I accidentally dropped my cookie on her floor. I picked it up really fast, and I admitted that I ate that cookie. But this was a very different situation. This involved a puddle.
I wanted to cry. I knew that it’s silly to cry over a popcorn ball, but that popcorn ball was a gift! I was highly disappointed.
注意:
1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;
2. 請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Lizzy turned to give me a hug
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Later that night, looking at the “new” ball, I had an idea.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Lizzy turned to give me a hug. She is never afraid to give a hug. Lizzy said to me, “It's okay Maeli. We can get another popcorn ball or even make one ourselves.” Her kindness made me feel much better. We walked the rest of the way home together. When I got home, I took a shower, changed my clothes, and sat on my bed. My heart was still heavy. “What a waste!” I thought to myself. I decided to make a popcorn ball myself. It wouldn't be as fancy as the teacher’s, but it would be something special that I created.
Later that night, looking at the “new” ball, I had an idea. I went to the kitchen and found the recipe printed on the back of the popcorn's package. I followed the instructions carefully. When it came time to shape the ball, I carefully packed the popcorn together. I even added some chocolate sprinkles on top. The next day, Lizzy Jo and I took my homemade popcorn ball to school to show our teacher. I was so proud and happy presenting it to her. And to my surprise, she was impressed! I felt accomplished, knowing that I had made something special on my own.
I learned that sometimes disappointments can lead to new opportunities. Making my own popcorn ball was a fun and rewarding experience, and it was all thanks to Lizzy Jo's kind words.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文以人物為線索展開,講述了作者在得到老師贈(zèng)送的爆米花球后,在回家的路上不小心把爆米花球掉入了水坑中,深感失落和絕望。然而,她的表親Lizzy Jo并沒有放棄她,通過關(guān)心、鼓勵(lì)和支持她,幫助她渡過了這段艱難時(shí)期,使她重新振作起來。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫:
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“Lizzy轉(zhuǎn)過身來擁抱我?!笨芍谝欢慰擅鑼慙izzy安慰作者,一起回家,并打算重新做一個(gè)爆米花球。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“那天晚上晚些時(shí)候,看著“新”球,我有一個(gè)想法?!笨芍诙慰擅鑼懽髡咧谱髁诵碌谋谆ㄇ?,并且得到了老師的夸獎(jiǎng)。
2.續(xù)寫線索:爆米花球掉水溝里——安慰——回家——制作——帶去學(xué)?!形?br />
3.詞匯激活
行為類
①步行:walk/stroll/stride/pace
②思考:thought/consider
③展示:show/display/demonstrate
情緒類
①自豪:proud/arrogant/conceited
②開心:happy/pleased/delight
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]. When it came time to shape the ball, I carefully packed the popcorn together. I even added some chocolate sprinkles on top.(由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句)
[高分句型2]. I learned that sometimes disappointments can lead to new opportunities. (運(yùn)用了由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句)
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