山東省德州市2023屆高三英語二模試題（Word版附解析）

這是一份山東省德州市2023屆高三英語二模試題（Word版附解析），共23頁。
?高三英語試題
本試卷8頁?？偡?20分?？荚嚂r間100分鐘。
注意事項：
1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。
2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如 需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫 在本試卷上無效。
3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第一部分 閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。
A
The books we recommend as the top picks of the month:
MicroJoys
By Cyndie Spiegel
In hard times, Spiegel began searching for a way to learn to gently hold sorrow in one hand and joy in the other. In a series of thoughtful essays, the author opens her heart to share emotional events, which she calls “microjoys.” The author urges readers to open their minds and hearts and welcome glimpses of joy and beauty.
A Forest Journey
By John Perlin
This is the third edition of Perlin’s history of the essential role of trees in the story of humanity, from the appearance o￡ the first true tree some 385 million years ago to post-Civil War America, covering all corners of the globe. Perlin writes that we have lost some 500, 000 square miles of forested land, adding even greater urgency to his overall message.
Mind over Batter
By Jack Hazan
Hazan introduces readers to baking therapy: a way for people to work through their feelings with baking at home. Mixed in recipes are tips and advice about managing anxiety. There are problems baking can’t solve, but there’s no shortage of stressed-out people in need of a little comfort, and sometimes, baking can help with that.
Black Mercuries
By David K. Wiggins
This valuable reference work showcases iconic African American Olympians, and offers readers the opportunity to discover athletes and their notable contributions to sports history. As the author’s note? African American athletes have reflected both racial harmony and conflicts over the decades. The focus here is on the Summer Olympics, not including the Winter Olympics or Paralympics.
1. Whose book gives us some tips about having joy?
A. John Perlin. B. Jack Hazan.
C. Cyndie Spiegel. D. David K. Wiggin.
2. Which book centers on treating psychological problem in the kitchen?
A. Microjoys. B. Mind over Batter.
C. A Forest Journey. D. Black Mercuriest
3. What’s Black Mercuries about?
A. Finding hope when life is tough.
B. The role of trees in human civilization.
C Recipes for baking as a treatment.
D. African American athletes in the Olympics.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【導語】本文是應用文。推薦了幾本本月最受歡迎的書。
【1題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)小標題MicroJoys下的段落中“In hard times, Spiegel began searching for a way to learn to gently hold sorrow in one hand and joy in the other. In a series of thoughtful essays, the author opens her heart to share emotional events, which she calls “microjoys.” The author urges readers to open their minds and hearts and welcome glimpses of joy and beauty.(在困難時期，斯皮格爾開始尋找一種方法，學會一只手溫柔地握住悲傷，另一只手握住快樂。在一系列深思熟慮的文章中，作者敞開心扉，分享她稱之為“微歡樂”的情感事件。作者敦促讀者們打開自己的思想和心靈，歡迎快樂和美的一瞥)”可知，MicroJoys這本書給了我們一些快樂的秘訣，它的作者是Cyndie Spiegel。故選C項。
【2題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標題Mind over Batter下的段落中“Hazan introduces readers to baking therapy: a way for people to work through their feelings with baking at home. Mixed in recipes are tips and advice about managing anxiety. There are problems baking can’t solve, but there’s no shortage of stressed-out people in need of a little comfort, and sometimes, baking can help with that.(哈贊向讀者介紹了烘焙療法：一種讓人們在家里通過烘焙來解決他們的感受的方法。食譜中混雜著管理焦慮的技巧和建議。有些問題是烘焙無法解決的，但總有一些壓力過大的人需要一點安慰，有時烘焙可以幫助他們)”可知，Mind over Batter這本書是關于在廚房里治療心理問題的。故選B項。
【3題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標題Black Mercuries下的段落中“This valuable reference work showcases iconic African American Olympians, and offers readers the opportunity to discover athletes and their notable contributions to sports history. As the author’s note? African American athletes have reflected both racial harmony and conflicts over the decades. The focus here is on the Summer Olympics, not including the Winter Olympics or Paralympics.(這本有價值的參考作品展示了標志性的非裔美國奧林匹克運動員，并為讀者提供了發(fā)現(xiàn)運動員及其對體育史的顯著貢獻的機會。如作者所言？幾十年來，非裔美國運動員反映了種族和諧與沖突。這里的重點是夏季奧運會，不包括冬季奧運會或殘奧會)”可知，Black Mercuries這本書主要講述了非裔美國運動員參加奧運會。故選D項。
B
I still remember that day. Looking at the sea of people, I wanted to run off the stage. But I dived into the speech I had practiced diligently, nervous but determined to make my voice heard.
It all started with my essay in response to a radio host’s slanderous comments about women’s rights. After my boss refused it for publication, I submitted it to others, until finally I received a “YES!” from an online blog focused on women.
My story had thousands of views online. One of them invited me to speak at a grass-root gathering planned in Washington D.C., I agreed hastily. Then reality sunk in. I was an unemployed writer, needed to find gainful employment, not focus on a meeting hundreds of miles away. I fought with myself, ready to reply with the reasons why I could not attend their gathering.
Still unsure of what to do, I called my kindergarten teacher. As always, her advice was what I needed. I was going to do this trip without spending a cent. I began contacting everyone I knew on the path from my house to Washington D.C., explaining that I needed a ride. I set up a website for my “Road Trip for Rights.” Small donations for my trip started rolling in.
Armed only with my computer, phone and a backpack of essentials, I began my adventure. On my way, a woman who had been watching on the website pulled up. She and her daughter were heading to the gathering and went a long way round to pick me. After arrival, she dropped me off at my hotel, and I finally relaxed before the big day.
Upon returning to my hotel after the most amazing day, I received an envelope with my name on it. Inside were a train ticket and a note that read, “Thank you for being a voice for those of us who cannot speak.” I boarded the train, grateful and exhausted.
Since then, I have been to many gatherings and marches. I will always be thankful for that radio host whose words fueled a passion in me to find my voice.
4. What led to the author’s being invited to the gathering?
A. Her boss refused to publish her essay.
B. She made friends with many people.
C. Her essay aroused wide attention.
D The radio host recommended her.
5. Why did the author want to give up attending the meeting?
A. She just couldn’t afford the time.
B. She was afraid to speak in public.
C. Her job was too gainful to leave.
D. She was in poor financial condition.
6. Why did the author set up the website?
A. To get more information about the gathering.
B. To seek help for her trip to Washington D. C.
C. To organize some well-purposed gatherings.
D. To awaken people s awareness of their rights.
7. What can we infer about the radio host?
A. His improper words set off the author’s passion.
B. He helped set up the gathering in Washington D. C.
C. He published an article concerning women’s rights.
D. He was known for his sharp and inadequate words.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者是一名失業(yè)的作家，但是在一位電臺主持人的不合適的話語的刺激下，努力為自己發(fā)聲。
【4題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“My story had thousands of views online. One of them invited me to speak at a grass-root gathering planned in Washington D.C.( 我的故事在網(wǎng)上有成千上萬的瀏覽量。其中一個邀請我在華盛頓舉行的基層集會上演講)”可知，作者被邀請參加聚會是因為她的文章引起了大面積的關注，故選C項。
【5題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“I was an unemployed writer, needed to find gainful employment, not focus on a meeting hundreds of miles away.(我是一名失業(yè)的作家，需要找到有報酬的工作，而不是專注于數(shù)百英里外的會議)”可知，導致作者打算放棄參加聚會的原因是她的經濟狀況不佳，故選D項。
【6題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“I began contacting everyone I knew on the path from my house to Washington D.C., explaining that I needed a ride. I set up a website for my “Road Trip for Rights.” Small donations for my trip started rolling in.(我開始聯(lián)系從我家到華盛頓特區(qū)的路上認識的每個人，解釋說我需要搭便車。我為我的“權利公路之旅”建立了一個網(wǎng)站。為我的旅行捐助的小額捐款開始滾滾而來)”可知，作者建立網(wǎng)站的原因是要為自己的華盛頓之旅尋求幫助，故選B項。
【7題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“It all started with my essay in response to a radio host’s slanderous comments about women’s rights(這一切都始于我對一位電臺主持人關于婦女權利的誹謗性評論的回應)”以及最后一段“I will always be thankful for that radio host whose words fueled a passion in me to find my voice(我將永遠感謝那個電臺主持人，他的話激發(fā)了我為自己發(fā)聲的熱情)”推知，電臺主持人的不合適的話語點燃了作者的熱情，故選A項。
C
The majority of Britons are educated in state schools, making up around 60% of those admitted to Oxford and Cambridge in 2013. Admissions at other leading universities were also weighted towards teenagers educated privately.
Then began a quiet revolution. The number of state-schooled pupils getting Oxbridge places has risen yearly; the number from private schools has fallen. The Russell Group of 24 leading universities says its members aim to admit more students from disadvantaged backgrounds.
A few things lie behind this change. The government has given cash to universities to reach underrepresented students and, since 2018, required them to publish plans showing how they are doing this. One report in 2018 showed that eight schools, six of which were private, accounted for more Oxbridge places than 2,900 other secondary schools combined.
Teach First, a scheme that sends clever graduates into tough schools for a couple of years, has also helped raise pupils, eagerness. It began in London, where the highest- performing state schools are concentrated.
All this has fueled a joint effort by schools and universities to make pupils consider the distinguished universities. For those state-school kids getting into top universities, extra help is needed. “You need to provide extra tutoring in the first year,” says Professor Smith from Oxford, who made efforts to admit state-school students before it became fashionable. She says they often do worse in exams at the end of the first year, but clean up in final exams.
That would seem to rebut one of the criticisms made of universities’ efforts to correct the state-private imbalance: that letting in more state-school students means standards will slip. “If you bring in people with diverse experiences and ways of thinking, who challenge one another’s assumptions, it promotes intellectual creativity and academic success,” says Helen, the principal of Mansfield College, Oxford.
“All this adds up to an important change,” says Lawrence. “Increasing numbers of state-school children are applying to universities in America and getting full scholarships.”
8. What was the quiet revolution?
A. Admitting more poor students into top universities.
B. Getting state schools to cooperate with top universities.
C. Letting less private-school students into universities.
D. Having private schools take poor-background students.
9. What is implied in the 2018 report?
A. State schools should promote their students’ academic reports.
B. Oxford and Cambridge preferred graduates from private schools.
C. Students in Oxbridge place high standard for their aims in life.
D. Oxbridge had a stricter admission standard than other universities.
10. What can we infer about state-school students from Professor Smith’s words?
A. They get academic help from Teach First.
B. They become top students in a few years.
C. They need extra tutoring in the first term.
D. They are inspirations for other students.
11. What does the underlined word ”rebut" mean in paragraph 6?
A. Support. B. Expose. C. Improve. D. Oppose.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【導語】本文是新聞報道。講述了英國一些頂尖大學開始接受公立學校的學生。
【8題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Then began a quiet revolution. The number of state-schooled pupils getting Oxbridge places has risen yearly; the number from private schools has fallen. The Russell Group of 24 leading universities says its members aim to admit more students from disadvantaged backgrounds.(然后一場悄無聲息的革命開始了。公立學校的學生進入牛津劍橋的人數(shù)每年都在上升，而私立學校的人數(shù)卻在下降。由24所頂尖大學組成的羅素集團表示，其成員的目標是招收更多來自弱勢背景的學生)”可知，悄無聲息的革命是讓更多貧困學生進入頂尖大學。故選A項。
【9題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“One report in 2018 showed that eight schools, six of which were private, accounted for more Oxbridge places than 2,900 other secondary schools combined.(2018年的一份報告顯示，八所學校（其中六所是私立學校）在牛津劍橋大學的入學人數(shù)超過了2900所其他中學的總和)”可推知，牛津和劍橋更青睞私立學校的畢業(yè)生。故選B項。
【10題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“All this has fueled a joint effort by schools and universities to make pupils consider the distinguished universities. For those state-school kids getting into top universities, extra help is needed. “You need to provide extra tutoring in the first year,” says Professor Smith from Oxford, who made efforts to admit state-school students before it became fashionable. (所有這些都促使學校和大學共同努力，讓學生考慮名牌大學。對于那些要進入頂尖大學的公立學校的孩子來說，需要額外的幫助。在公立學校成為時尚之前就努力錄取公立學校學生的牛津大學的史密斯教授說：“你需要在第一年提供額外的輔導。”)”可知，從史密斯教授的話中我們可以推斷出公立學校學生，他們在第一學期需要額外的輔導。故選C項。
【11題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)后文““If you bring in people with diverse experiences and ways of thinking, who challenge one another’s assumptions, it promotes intellectual creativity and academic success,” says Helen, the principal of Mansfield College, Oxford.(牛津大學曼斯菲爾德學院(Mansfield College, Oxford)校長海倫(Helen)說：“如果你引進具有不同經歷和思維方式的人，他們會挑戰(zhàn)彼此的假設，這將促進智力創(chuàng)造力和學術成就?！?”可知，此處是對前文的提出的觀點“that letting in more state-school students means standards will slip.(讓更多的公立學校學生入學意味著標準將下滑)”的反駁，可推測rebut是“反駁”之意，和D項詞義相近。故選D項。
D
One late winter day in Manchester, UK, as I step inside the University of Salford’s latest research building, the cold 3°C air bites immediately. In fact, it’s a giant climate- controlled room, designed to test how homes built today will cope with the wilder weather climate change could bring.
Inside the ￡16-million room, researchers can create any weather they want with the touch of a button, from —20°C cold to 40°C heatwaves, alongside strong winds, snow and ice. KAnywhere people live, we can recreate those conditions,,, says Fitton, who leads the Energy House 2.0 project for the university.
Inside the building are two new-build homes, complete with brickwork and pot plants. Both are equipped with cutting-edge green technology) like electric vehicle charging points, and will act as test beds to build greener homes in the UK. In 2025, the Future Homes Standard(FHS) will require all new homes to be built without gas central heating and with other green measures. Homes built to the FHS must deliver a 75% to 80% reduction in carbon emissions compared with homes built today.
That is why Bellway, partnering with the project, has built the rooms from its Coppersmith range of homes inside the Energy House 2.0. Yet clearly this is no ordinary new-build. For one thing, packed inside are three different heating systems： two air source heat pumps? plus panel heaters dotted around the walls and ceilings. There’s also a solar power input, a battery and a smart hot water tank that heats water using solar generation.
Over the coming months, Bellway will test different combinations of these technologies to find the most cost-effective way of meeting the FHS regulations.
Financially, things are promising： Based on energy-performance calculations, Bellway says its Future Home could have energy bills of just ￡11 a year.
Energy House 2.0 will let researchers see how houses perform in the UK’s future climate. “We can cycle through the climate change predictions 50 years into the future and see if we have any problems says Fitton.”
12. What’s the aim of building the ￡16-million room?
A. To predict the extreme weather humans will face.
B. To test how long a house stands in extreme weather.
C. To find a way for homes to deal with climate change.
D. To explore the most habitable homes for humans.
13. Why does Bellway cooperate with the project?
A. To design green houses to meet the standards of FHS.
B. To explore the household use of advanced technology.
C. To sponsor the Energy House 2.0 for market profit.
D. To popularize its Coppersmith range of future homes.
14. Where will Energy House 2.0 research go?
A. It’ll explore the use of cutting-edge technology.
B. It’ll find how houses tackle future climate changes.
C. It’ll make future houses have zero carbon emission.
D. It5ll spread Coppersmith range all over the country.
15. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. Energy-Saving House Designs Put to the Test
B. The Expensive Room Holding Future Hopes
C. The Leading Place of the UK in Home Designs
D. Research into Homes for Future Climate Change
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【導語】本文是說明文。介紹了英國建造的氣候控制房間，旨在測試今天建造的房屋如何應對氣候變化可能帶來的惡劣天氣。
【12題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“In fact, it’s a giant climate- controlled room, designed to test how homes built today will cope with the wilder weather climate change could bring.(事實上，這是一個巨大的氣候控制房間，旨在測試今天建造的房屋如何應對氣候變化可能帶來的惡劣天氣)”以及第二段中“Inside the ￡16-million room, researchers can create any weather they want with the touch of a button, from —20°C cold to 40°C heatwaves, alongside strong winds, snow and ice.(在這個價值1600萬英鎊的房間里，研究人員只需按一下按鈕，就可以創(chuàng)造出任何他們想要的天氣，從零下20攝氏度的寒冷到40攝氏度的熱浪，再加上強風、冰雪)”可知，建造這個耗資1600萬英鎊的房間的目的是為家庭找到應對氣候變化的方法。故選C項。
【13題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“In 2025, the Future Homes Standard(FHS) will require all new homes to be built without gas central heating and with other green measures. Homes built to the FHS must deliver a 75% to 80% reduction in carbon emissions compared with homes built today.(到2025年，未來住宅標準(FHS)將要求所有新建房屋不使用燃氣集中供暖系統(tǒng)，并采用其他綠色措施。按照FHS標準建造的房屋必須比現(xiàn)在建造的房屋減少75%到80%的碳排放)”以及第四段開頭“That is why Bellway, partnering with the project, has built the rooms from its Coppersmith range of homes inside the Energy House 2.0.(這就是為什么Bellway與該項目合作，在Energy House 2.0內建造了Coppersmith系列住宅的房間)”可知，Bellway與這個項目合作的原因是設計符合FHS標準的溫室。故選A項。
【14題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Energy House 2.0 will let researchers see how houses perform in the UK’s future climate. “We can cycle through the climate change predictions 50 years into the future and see if we have any problems says Fitton.(能源屋2.0將讓研究人員看到房屋在英國未來氣候中的表現(xiàn)。菲頓說:“我們可以在未來50年的氣候變化預測中循環(huán)，看看我們是否有任何問題?！?”可推知，能源之家2.0的研究將發(fā)現(xiàn)房屋如何應對未來的氣候變化。故選B項。
【15題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“In fact, it’s a giant climate- controlled room, designed to test how homes built today will cope with the wilder weather climate change could bring.(事實上，這是一個巨大的氣候控制房間，旨在測試今天建造的房屋如何應對氣候變化可能帶來的惡劣天氣)”以及最后一段“Energy House 2.0 will let researchers see how houses perform in the UK’s future climate. “We can cycle through the climate change predictions 50 years into the future and see if we have any problems says Fitton.(能源屋2.0將讓研究人員看到房屋在英國未來氣候中的表現(xiàn)。菲頓說:“我們可以在未來50年的氣候變化預測中循環(huán)，看看我們是否有任何問題?！?”可知，本文主要介紹了英國建造的氣候控制房間，旨在測試今天建造的房屋如何應對氣候變化可能帶來的惡劣天氣，所以D項“Research into Homes for Future Climate Change(未來氣候變化的家園研究)”是本文最好的標題。故選D項。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余 選項。
The Surprising Habits that Are Stopping You from Losing Weight
You’ve cut out snacks and started exercising, but why can’t you shift those stubborn pounds? Read on to discover the surprising reasons you struggle to stay slim and simple, science-backed solutions.
You’re eating too late.
Do you regularly eat dinner after 8:00 pm or snack through the evening? A study found that late-night eating made people hungrier the following day. ___16___Avoid eating between 8:00 pm and 8:00 am.
You’re not at the gym frequently enough.
Working out actively but not seeing results? Consider how active you are outside the gym.___17___ There are 168 hours in a week, so if you do one-hour workouts three times a week in the gym, you’re only exercising for 2% of the week. Instead, be active throughout your day has accumulative effect on fat loss.
You’re eating too fast.
The faster you eat, the more rapidly sugar enters your bloodstream. People who eat faster tend to have a higher weight and energy intake than slow-eaters. I’m always telling my children not to wolf food, but listen to their hunger signals. ___18___.
You drop off with the TV on
___19___ Sleeping with the TV on isn’t restful. Stage 1 sleep is very light so it can be easily disturbed by TV sound. Long-term lack of sleep impacts your appetite, increases food intake and decreases energy consumption. Therefore, in the hour before bed, avoid screens and all bright light.
___20___
“Healthy” plant-based food like fake meats and non-dairy desserts may actually ruin your weight-loss efforts, warn nutrition scientists. Despite their healthful claims, they’re actually high in energy, sugar and saturated fats. The processing methods for such food often break down ingredients5 cell structures? More energy can be stored in the body. So, switch to food like beans, nuts and seeds.
A. You’ve gone plant-based.
B. It’s good advice for everyone.
C. To fix it, cut out evening snacks.
D. Celebrate a special day or event occasionally.
E. Everything feels right, but you know something is wrong.
F. This bedtime habit can make it harder to fall asleep at night.
G. Limited exercise isn’t the best way that you can lose weight.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. B 19. F 20. A
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一些影響減肥的不良習慣并提出相應的建議。
【16題詳解】
上文“Do you regularly eat dinner after 8:00 pm or snack through the evening? (你是否經常在晚上8點以后吃晚餐或者晚上吃零食?)”提到“eat dinner after 8:00 pm”和“snack through the evening”兩種不良習慣，C項“To fix it, cut out evening snacks. (為了解決這個問題，減少晚上的零食)”和下文“Avoid eating between 8:00 pm and 8:00 am. (避免在晚上8點到早上8點之間進食)”針對上文兩種習慣提出建議，上下文語意連貫。故選C項。
【17題詳解】
下文“There are 168 hours in a week, so if you do one-hour workouts three times a week in the gym, you’re only exercising for 2% of the week. (一周有168個小時，所以如果你每周在健身房做三次一小時的鍛煉，你一周只鍛煉了2%的時間)”指出在健身房鍛煉的時間是有限的，對G項“Limited exercise isn’t the best way that you can lose weight. (有限的運動并不是減肥的最佳方式)”中“Limited exercise”進行了具體說明，同時回答了段首問題“Working out actively but not seeing results?”，積極鍛煉卻不見成效是因為鍛煉時間不足。上下文語意連貫。故選G項。
【18題詳解】
上文“The faster you eat, the more rapidly sugar enters your bloodstream. People who eat faster tend to have a higher weight and energy intake than slow-eaters. (吃得越快，糖分進入血液的速度就越快。吃得快的人往往比吃得慢的人有更高的體重和能量攝入)”指出，吃得越快就越容易長胖，因此，作者給自己的孩子提出建議“not to wolf food”，B項“It’s good advice for everyone. (這個好建議適合每個人)”承接上文，說明這一建議適合所有人，上下文語意連貫。故選B項。
【19題詳解】
標題“You drop off with the TV on. (開著電視睡著了)”提出開著電視睡著了這種不良習慣，F(xiàn)項“This bedtime habit can make it harder to fall asleep at night. (這種睡覺習慣會讓你在晚上更難入睡)”指出其影響，上下文語意連貫。故選F項。
【20題詳解】
設空句是段首標題，根據(jù)下文““Healthy” plant-based food like fake meats and non-dairy desserts may actually ruin your weight-loss efforts, warn nutrition scientists. Despite their healthful claims, they’re actually high in energy, sugar and saturated fats. The processing methods for such food often break down ingredients5 cell structures? more energy can be stored in the body. So, switch to food like beans, nuts and seeds. (營養(yǎng)學家警告說，“健康”的植物性食物，如人造肉和非乳制品甜點，實際上可能會破壞你的減肥努力。盡管它們聲稱有益健康，但實際上它們的能量、糖和飽和脂肪含量很高。這類食品的加工方法往往會破壞成分和細胞結構。更多的能量可以儲存在體內。所以，改吃豆類、堅果和種子類食物吧)”可知，本段說明所謂“健康”的植物性食物其實會破壞你的減肥努力，所以本段針對的是“吃所謂‘健康’的植物性食物”的不良習慣，因此“You’ve gone plant-based. (吃太多植物性食物)”是本段討論的問題。故選A項。
第二部分 語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題海小題1分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
Ella Smith in California learned a lesson on an ordinary 2016 day. That is, a simple act of kindness can make a ___21___ impact on someone’s day.
The video begins with Ella, aged 6, sitting with a full plate of steak and potatoes. “Can I just give it to him?” Ella ___22___asks her father. “Go ahead,” her father___23___ Ella quickly hurries from the table, full of ___24___, with the full plate of food and a fork outside the restaurant.
From the ___25___of the restaurant window, Ella’s father proudly watches his daughter. Ella then ___26___a homeless man sitting on a bench right outside the restaurant with the full meal and a fork. The man___27___accepts the meal. Ella’s father, unable to___28___his pride, repeats, “That’s my girl.” As Ella makes her way back into the restaurant, the homeless man looks back before___29___ the hot meal.
“Good job, Ella!” her father shouts. “I think you just made his week. How does that make you feel?” Ella responds with her face___30___, “I like it!”
Ella’s father describes the moment full of ___31___: “My daughter learned a valuable lesson by giving back to people that have less. Ella saw a homeless guy outside the restaurant and gave him her steak and potato dinner. Proud father moment!”
It’s a(n)___32___that shows how it just___33___one person to make a difference. Whether a friend or stranger, a kind act can___34___a long way. There’s no end to acts of kindness for kids, or anyone of any___35___, to do. As we can see from Ella’s selflessness, it just may make someone’s day.
21. A. formal B. sympathetic C. significant D. necessary
22. A. sincerely B. intensely C. guiltily D. humorously
23. A. challenges B. designs C. distributes D. approves
24. A. motion B. motive C. entertainment D. prediction
25. A. structure B. reception C. column D. painting
26. A. assesses B. transforms C. approaches D. introduces
27. A. confidently B. happily C. curiously D. successfully
28. A. contain B. defeat C. seize D. distinguish
29. A. putting down B. breaking down C. knocking into D. digging into
30. A. lifting B. pitying C. shining D. clarifying
31. A. recreation B. pride C. stimulation D. confusion
32. A. consultation B. reference C. encounter D. difficulty
33. A. anticipates B. reserves C. counts D. takes
34. A. go B. strike C. decline D. illustrate
35. A. strength B. age C. education D. tolerance
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【導語】本文是記敘文。通過講述Ella幫助流浪漢的故事來說明一個簡單的善舉可以對某人的一天產生影響。
【21題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：也就是說，一個簡單的善舉可以對某人的一天產生重大影響。A. formal正式的；B. sympathetic同情的；C. significant重要的；D. necessary必需的。根據(jù)后文“Whether a friend or stranger, a kind act can　　14　　a long way.”可知，空處應是和段尾相呼應，所以應該是重要影響。故選C項。
【22題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Ella真誠地問她父親。A. sincerely真誠地；B. intensely強烈的；C. guiltily內疚地；D. humorously幽默地。根據(jù)前文“Can I just give it to him?”可知，Ella是想幫助他人，所以應該是真誠地問她的父親尋求同意。故選A項。
【23題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“去吧，”她的父親表示贊同，Ella帶著滿滿一盤食物和一把叉子，充滿動力地迅速從桌子上跑了出來。A. challenges挑戰(zhàn)；B. designs設計；C. distributes分發(fā)；D. approves同意。根據(jù)前文“Go ahead”可知，Ella的父親同意了她的請求。故選D項。
【24題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“去吧，”她的父親表示贊同，Ella帶著滿滿一盤食物和一把叉子，充滿動力地迅速從桌子上跑了出來。A. motion運動；B. motive動力；C. entertainment娛樂；D. prediction預言。根據(jù)前文“Ella 　　2　　asks her father.”可知，Ella真心的想幫助他人，當她的父親同意后，她應該是充滿動力的。故選B項。
【25題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從餐廳的窗戶，Ella的父親自豪地看著他的女兒。A. structure結構；構造；B. reception接待；C. column圓形石柱；D. painting油畫。根據(jù)后文“the restaurant window, Ella’s father proudly watches his daughter.”可知，此處是Ella的父親通過窗戶看她，結合實際，應是從窗戶的構造看出去。故選A項。
26題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后Ella拿著一頓飯和一把叉子走向一個坐在餐館外面長凳上的流浪漢。A. assesses評估；B. transforms使改變形態(tài)；C. approaches靠近；D. introduces把…介紹。根據(jù)后文“The man　　7　　accepts the meal.”可知，一個男人接受了食物，所以Ella是走進一個男人，把食物給他。故選C項。
【27題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：男人高興地接受了這頓飯。A. confidently自信地；B. happily快樂地；C. curiously好奇地；D. successfully成功地。根據(jù)后文“I think you just made his week.”可知，男人是高興地接受了這頓飯。故選B項。
【28題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Ella的父親抑制不住自己的驕傲，重復道:“這是我的女兒?！盇. contain抑制；B. defeat擊??；C. seize抓?。籇. distinguish區(qū)分。根據(jù)后文“repeats, “That’s my girl.””，可知，Ella的父親對她感到非常驕傲，所以是不能抑制自己的驕傲之情。故選A項。
【29題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：當Ella回到餐廳時，流浪漢回頭看了看，然后開始吃熱飯。A. putting down放下；B. breaking down分解；C. knocking into敲入；D. digging into挖掘。根據(jù)前文“The man　　7　　accepts the meal.”可知，男人快樂地接受了這頓飯，所以此處應該是開始吃飯，dig into the meal意為“狼吞虎咽”符合題意。故選D項。
【30題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Ella高興地回應道:“我喜歡!”A. lifting提起；B. pitying憐憫的；C. shining光亮的；D. clarifying使更清晰易懂的。根據(jù)后文“I like it!”可知，Ella很喜歡幫助他人，此時她剛幫助一個人，所以臉上發(fā)光，很高興。故選C項。
【31題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：艾拉的父親這樣描述這個充滿自豪的時刻。A. recreation娛樂；B. pride自豪；C. stimulation激勵；D. confusion混亂。根據(jù)后文“Proud father moment!”可知，Ella的父親充滿自豪。故選B項。
【32題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一場展示如何只需要一個人就能有所作為的邂逅。A. consultation咨詢；B. reference參考；C. encounter邂逅；D. difficulty困難。根據(jù)上文可知，Ella看到一個流浪漢，然后幫助了他，所以是一次邂逅。故選C項。
【33題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一場展示如何只需要一個人就能有所作為的邂逅。A. anticipates預料；B. reserves預訂；C. counts數(shù)數(shù)；D. takes需要。結合上文的講述可知，此處表示僅需要一個人就可以做出影響。此處考查固定搭配：it takes sb.to do意為“需要……”。故選D項。
【34題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：無論是對朋友還是陌生人，善意的行為都會大有幫助。A. go去；B. strike罷工；C. decline減少；D. illustrate說明。根據(jù)下文“it just may make someone’s day”可知，善意的行為對人大有幫助。此處考查固定短語搭配：go a long way意為“對什么大有幫助，起了很大的作用”。故選A項。
【35題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對孩子們或任何年齡的人來說，做好事是沒有盡頭的。A. strength力量；B. age年齡；C. education教育；D. tolerance容忍。根據(jù)前文“There’s no end to acts of kindness for kids”可知，空處應是和kids作對比，所以做好事，不應該只針對孩子，應該是對所有年齡的人。故選B項。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。
During the holidays, many young Chinese invite their friends to visit museums and appreciate traditional culture. Some even set up We Chat groups to share popular exhibition information and visit ___36___(exhibition) together.
With ___37___number of young attendees rising, the museums have been launching ___38___ (creation) products and services.
Every morning, Nanjing Museum___39___(crowd) with young tourists. They carefully select postcards and line up in a long queue, ___40___(wait) to have them stamped with images of cultural relics ___41___(collect) at the museum.
Many museums across the country have also launched cultural products such as mystery boxes with an archaeology theme. Some boxes contain a soil sample ___42___a cultural relic inside, and collectors can ___43___(enthusiastic) dig through it with small tools. Many traditional museums also use digital collectibles(數(shù)碼藏品)to attract more young people, ___44___are made through original designs and sold to consumers online.
For museum cultural relics and exhibitions of museums, digital collectibles not only attract the attention of many youths, but also encourage them to approach cultural relics, understand history and promote the interest in ___45___(they) heart in traditional Chinese culture.
【答案】36. exhibitions
37. the 38. creative
39. is crowded
40. waiting
41. collected
42. with 43. enthusiastically
44. which 45. their
【解析】
【導語】本文是篇新聞報道。介紹了各地的博物館如何吸引年輕人來參觀。
【36題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：一些人甚至建立了微信群，分享熱門展覽信息，一起參觀展覽。分析句子結構可知，空前是動詞visit，所以空處應填名詞作賓語，exhibition意為“展覽品”為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)句意，應用復數(shù)形式，表示泛指。故填exhibitions。
【37題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：隨著年輕參觀者的增多，各大博物館紛紛推出創(chuàng)意產品和服務。分析句子結構可知，此處考查固定搭配：the number of意為“……的數(shù)量”。故填the。
【38題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：隨著年輕參觀者的增多，各大博物館紛紛推出創(chuàng)意產品和服務。分析句子結構可知，空后是名詞，所以空處應填形容詞作定語，creation的形容詞形式是creative，表示“有創(chuàng)意的”。故填creative。
【39題詳解】
考查動詞語態(tài)。句意：每天早上，南京博物館都擠滿了年輕的游客。分析句子結構可知，crowd和主語Nanjing Museum之間是被動關系，用被動語態(tài)，根據(jù)時間狀語Every morning，用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是單數(shù)。故填is crowded。
【40題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：他們精心挑選明信片，排著長隊，等著在明信片上印上博物館收藏的文物圖案。分析句子結構可知，本句已有謂語動詞select，所以wait應該用非謂語形式，它的邏輯主語是they，兩者是主動關系，應該用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作伴隨狀語。故填waiting。
【41題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：他們精心挑選明信片，排著長隊，等著在明信片上印上博物館收藏的文物圖案。分析句子結構可知，本句已有謂語動詞select，所以collect應該用非謂語形式，作定語，修飾名詞relics，兩者是被動關系，應該用過去分詞表被動。故填collected。
【42題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：有些盒子里裝著泥土樣本，里面有文物，收藏者可以用小工具熱情地挖掘。分析句子結構可知，此處表達“有文物在里面”之意，應該用介詞with(有)。故填with。
【43題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：有些盒子里裝著泥土樣本，里面有文物，收藏者可以用小工具熱情地挖掘。分析句子結構可知，空處修飾空后的動詞，所以應該用副詞修飾。故填enthusiastically。
【44題詳解】
考查定語從句關系詞。句意：許多傳統(tǒng)博物館也利用數(shù)字收藏品來吸引更多的年輕人，這些收藏品是通過原創(chuàng)設計制作的，并在網(wǎng)上出售給消費者。分析句子結構可知，空處引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞是digital collectibles，指物，在從句中作主語，應該用which引導。故填which。
【45題詳解】
考查代詞。句意：對于博物館文物和博物館展覽來說，數(shù)字收藏品不僅吸引了許多年輕人的注意力，而且還鼓勵他們走近文物，了解歷史，促進他們心中對中國傳統(tǒng)文化的興趣。分析句子結構可知，空后是名詞，所以空處應填形容詞作定語，故填形容詞性物主代詞。故填their。
第三部分 寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(滿分15分)
46. 假定你是李華，本周末你將要與同學一起到戶外騎行。請你給你的交換生朋友Robert寫一封郵件，內容包括：
1.邀請他一起騎行；
2.騎行的時間和路線；
3.注意事項。
注意：
1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；
2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。
Dear Robert,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Robert,
I am going to ride outdoors with my classmates this weekend. Knowing that you are interested in riding, I am writing to invite you to join us for a ride.
We will start riding at the gate of our school at 8:00 in the morning and then ride along the Renmin Road to the Renmin Park. It will take us about one hour. I think it will be fun. Everyone should take some water and food.
I hope you will be able to confirm your availability before this Friday by calling me.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours, Li Hua
【解析】
【導語】本文屬于應用文。要求考生給你的交換生朋友Robert寫一封郵件，邀請他參加換本周末你將與同學一起進行的戶外騎行。內容包括：邀請他一起騎行；騎行的時間和路線；注意事項。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
對……感興趣：be interested in→have an interest in
有趣的：fun→entertaining
能夠：be able to→be capable of
給某人打電話：call sb.→give sb. a ring
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復合句
原句：I am going to ride outdoors with my classmates this weekend.
拓展句：I am going to ride outdoors with my classmates this weekend, which will be very interesting..
【點睛】[高分句型1] Knowing that you are interested in riding, I am writing to invite you to join us for a ride.(運用了現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語和that引導的賓語從句)
[高分句型2] I hope you will be able to confirm your availability before this Friday by calling me. (運用了省略that引導的賓語從句)
第二節(jié)(滿分25分)
47. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。
My baby Reese started screaming and I struggled to hold him in my arms as we pushed our way through the crowd to the side of the taekwondo (跆拳道) studio, where I would send my boy for the training.
I looked up, and that is when I saw the photo on a poster, a woman with a bright white smile surrounded by her daughters. “OUR MOM NEEDS A KIDNEY (腎臟),” it said above the photo. “My name is Vonchelle Knight, and I have polycystic kidney disease,” it said below. “I am a single mother of two girls and have been on the transplant waitlist for eight years.”
As I continued to read, I thought about how desperately this momma needed a kidney. And then the idea struck me. I wanted to donate my kidney to the woman whom I had never met.
On the drive home, I told my husband I wanted to donate my kidney to a stranger. By the look on his face, he clearly thought I had lost my mind. I was a busy mom of two boys working a full-time job as a sales account manager. I had a calendar filled with sporting events, group fitness and volunteer church hours.
“Where is this coming from?” he asked. I was excited and slightly terrified as I explained the poster. I told him I wanted to at least call Vonchelle’s nurse and get more information.
Several weeks later, the results were in. We were a perfect match! The nervous excitement filled my body. Thoughts swirled in my head as I realized I had the ability to give this momma a new lease on life. Vonchelle had already waited eight years and obviously didn’t have any family members who could donate.
I told my husband that the doctor could do the transplant on January twenty-fifth. His eyes filled with tears as he stared at me and nodded. Vonchelle’s daughter worked at my son’s taekwondo studio, so I shared the news with her.
One day before the donation, the doctors scheduled me to meet Vonchelle.
注意：
1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右；
2. 請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。
As she walked through the door of the meeting room, I walked up to her, my heart beating wildly.
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After the successful transplant, Vonchelle was recovering well.
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【答案】One possible version
As she walked through the door of the meeting room, I walked up to her, my heart beating wildly. Her bright white smile was infectious, and I couldn’t help but feel a sense of admiration at the woman before me. Here was the person who had been waiting eight long years for a kidney, and now because of my decision to donate, she had a chance at a new life. We hugged tightly, tears streaming down both our faces as we exchanged words of gratitude and hope. In that moment, I knew I had made the right decision, and that the bond between us would be unbreakable.
After the successful transplant, Vonchelle was recovering well. I visited her in the hospital, watching as she slowly regained her strength and vitality. Her daughters were by her side, holding her hand and smiling through their tears. As I looked at them, I felt a sense of fulfillment that I had never experienced before. In giving Vonchelle the gift of life, I had also given myself a gift — the knowledge that even in the darkest of times, there is always hope, always a chance for something beautiful to emerge. And as I left the hospital that day, I knew that the experience would stay with me forever, a reminder of the power of human connection and the beauty of selfless giving.
【解析】
【導語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者在帶孩子去跆拳道賽場現(xiàn)場比賽的時候，無意間看到了一個腎臟捐贈的傳單，一名叫Vonchelle Knight的單身母親患有腎病，已經在等待移植的名單上等待了八年，讀完她的經歷后，作者決定為這個陌生人捐贈自己的腎臟。雖然丈夫一開始不理解，但是作者依舊下了這個決定，聯(lián)系醫(yī)護人員，得到匹配成功的結果，醫(yī)生安排好移植手術后，作者的丈夫最終同意，手術前的一天，作者與Vonchelle會面。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內容“當她穿過會議室的門時，我走向她，我的心狂跳著?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫作者見到Vonchelle的印象和感受，兩人會面的表現(xiàn)和交流。
②由第二段首句內容“移植成功后，Vonchelle恢復得很好?！笨芍?，第二段可描寫作者去看望Vonchelle恢復的情況，作者內心的體會和感悟。
2.續(xù)寫線索：“我”見到Vonchelle——Vonchelle給人的印象和感受——“我們”的表現(xiàn)和交流——Vonchelle術后恢復——Vonchelle具體的恢復情況——“我”的體會和感悟
3.詞匯激活
行為類
①.擁抱：hug/embrace/cuddle/squeeze
②.哭泣：tears stream down/shed tears/cry/weep
③.交流：exchange words/talk/chat/communicate
④.牢不可破的：unbreakable/indestructible/resistant/durable/everlasting
⑤.看：watch/observe/view
⑥.經歷：experience/go through/undergo/endure
⑦.出現(xiàn)：emerge/appear/come out/turn up/surface
⑧.陪伴：stay with/accompany/remain with/hang around
情緒類
①.有感染力的：infectious/contagious/transmissible/spreadable
②.欣賞：admiration/appreciation/praise/reverence
③.感激：gratitude/thanks/gratefulness/indebtedness
④.滿足感：fulfillment/satisfaction/gratification/contentment/delight
【點睛】[高分句型1]. Here was the person who had been waiting eight long years for a kidney, and now because of my decision to donate, she had a chance at a new life.（關系代詞who引導定語從句）
[高分句型2]. We hugged tightly, tears streaming down both our faces as we exchanged words of gratitude and hope.（現(xiàn)在分詞形式作伴隨狀語，從屬連詞as引導時間狀語從句）
[高分句型3]. As I looked at them, I felt a sense of fulfillment that I had never experienced before.（從屬連詞as引導時間狀語從句，關系代詞that引導定語從句）
[高分句型4]. In giving Vonchelle the gift of life, I had also given myself a gift — the knowledge that even in the darkest of times, there is always hope, always a chance for something beautiful to emerge.（連接詞that引導同位語從句）