T read a text abut Tangshan earthquake and gather infrmatinT analyze the structure f the textT reflect n the lessns that we can learn frm the earthquake
句意：幾天來，村子里面井里的水漲了又跌，漲了又跌。
Fr several days, the water in the village wells rse and fell, rse and fell.
例:1.她的體溫還在上升。
Her temperature is still _________.
2.那些反對(duì)的人舉起手。
Peple wh are ppsed ______ their hands.
3.養(yǎng)育孩子的成本在繼續(xù)增長。
The cst f ______ kids is cntinuing t ____.
句意：老鼠從田野里跑出來尋找藏身之處，魚也從水里跳了出來。
ut f sth 越出...之外 cme ut f 從…出來，由…產(chǎn)生 run ut f 跑出來jump ut f 跳出來
例:我們看見他從房間出來。
We saw him __________the rm.
Mice ran ut f the fields lking fr places t hide, and fish jumped ut f the water.
伴隨狀語：指狀語從句的動(dòng)作伴隨主句發(fā)生，是伴隨著句子謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作而發(fā)生或存在的。
例：The dg entered the rm, fllwing his master 這條狗跟著主人進(jìn)了屋。The master entered the rm, fllwed by his dg. 主人進(jìn)了屋，后面跟著他的狗。
伴隨狀語使用的分詞有V-ing和V-ed兩種形式。
The Night the Earth didn’t sleep
At 3:42 a.m., everything began t shake. It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end! Eleven kilmetres directly belw the city, ne f the mst deadly earthquakes f the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage mre than 150 kilmetres away in Beijing. Nearly ne third f the whle natin felt it! A huge crack, eight kilmetres lng and 30 metres wide, cut acrss huses, rads, and waterways. Hard hills f rck became rivers f dirt. In less than ne minute, a large city lay in ruins. Tw thirds f the peple wh lived there were dead r injured. Thusands f children were left withut parents. The number f peple wh were killed r badly injured in the quake was mre than 400,000.
句意：世界似乎到了末日!
as if 在表語從句中相當(dāng)于that= It seemed that the wrld was at an end!
It seemed as if the wrld was at an end!
as if引導(dǎo)表語從句
1、在lk, seem等系動(dòng)詞后引導(dǎo)表語從句eg: He lks as if he were ten years yunger. （虛擬語氣） It seems as if ur team is ging t win.（陳述語氣）2、引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句eg: She lves the by as if she were his mther. （虛擬語氣） The child talked t us as if he were a grw-up. （虛擬語氣）（注意：虛擬語氣中只有were，不用was。）
一、as if 在從句中的作用
如果as if引導(dǎo)的從句是“主語+系動(dòng)詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，且從句的主語與主句的主語一致，可以省略主語和系動(dòng)詞，這樣as if 后就只剩下名詞、不定式、形容詞（短語）、介詞短語或分詞。eg: He acts as if (he was) an ld hand. 他做事像個(gè)老手。 Tm raised his hands as if (he was ging) t say smething. Tm舉起手好像要說什么。 She left the rm hurriedly as if (she was) sad. 她匆忙離開房間好像難過的樣子。
二、as if 用于省略句中
1.從他的說話的樣子來看他是醉了。 He talks as if he is drunk .
2.他說起羅馬來好像他以前去過那兒似的。 He talks abut Rme as if he had been there befre.
3.你看上去好像并不在乎。 Yu lk as if yu didn’t care.
4.他張開嘴好像要說什么。 He pened his muth as if he wuld say smething.
at an end “結(jié)束終止”在句中多用作表語。
at the end f “在…的盡頭（末、末梢）” 作時(shí) 間狀語或地點(diǎn)狀語。by the end f “到…末為止；不遲于…”作時(shí)間 狀語，多用于過去（將來）完成時(shí)態(tài); in the end “最后、終于”。
at the end f by the end f in the end
3. 到上學(xué)期為止，你已經(jīng)學(xué)過多少個(gè)英文單詞？ Hw many English wrds had yu learned ____________last term?
2. 他們最終放棄了（乘坐）飛機(jī)。 They gave up the plane__________.
1. 有一家服裝店在馬路的盡頭。 There is a clthes shp ___________ the street.
at the end f
by the end f
句意：不到一分鐘的時(shí)間，一座偌大的城市就成了廢墟。
lie①—lay—lain—lying 處于，位于，躺lie②—lied—lied—lying 撒謊lay—laid—laid—laying 放置，下蛋
我剛才把手機(jī)放在桌子上，但現(xiàn)在找不到了。
我不知道他為什么謊報(bào)自己的年齡。
2. I laid my cell phne n the desk just nw, but nw I can't find it.
In less than ne minute, a large city lay in ruins.
1. I dn't knw why he lied abut his age.
in ruins意為“成廢墟, 垮掉, 毀滅”ruin 在此為名詞, 意為“廢墟”
例：1. 這次地震把整個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)夷為廢墟。
This earthquake left the whle twn in ruins.
2.他的人生一片荒蕪。
His life is / lies in ruins.
【固定搭配】be the ruin f 使……破產(chǎn)、身體垮掉、名譽(yù)掃地be/lie in ruins 變成廢墟g t ruin = fall int ruin 衰落, 敗落
ruin/ destry/damage
1. ruin 可作名詞和動(dòng)詞，指非暴力的破壞，尤指對(duì)美 好的或希望中的事物的破壞。
例：The fire ruined the huse.
2. destry 只能用作動(dòng)詞, 指破壞、毀滅不可能修復(fù), 也可以指希望、計(jì)劃等打破。
例：The earthquake destryed almst the whle twn. 　
3. damage 可作名詞和動(dòng)詞，指部分損壞、損害、破 壞或指使用價(jià)值有所降低。
例：The accident did a lt f damage t his car.
1.地震把整個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)夷為廢墟。 An earthquake left the whle twn_______.2.他的事業(yè)一片死寂。 His career is ________.3.他們所看到的到處都是被摧毀的東西。 Everywhere they lked nearly everything was _________. 4.軟木材容易損壞。 Sft wd ________ easily.5. 他毀了她女朋友的前程。 He ______ his girl friend’s prspects.
練習(xí)：用ruin/ destry/damage的正確形式填空。
句意：住在那里的人有三分之二死亡或受傷。
例：1.撞車事故中三人死亡，五人受傷。 Three peple were killed and five injured in the crash.2.他昨天傷了膝蓋。 He injured his knees yesterday.3.我希望我沒有傷害她的感情。 I hpe I didn’t injure her feelings.
injure vt. 損害，傷害
Tw thirds f peple wh lived there were dead r injured.
例：1.這個(gè)男孩把腿弄傷了。 The by ________ his leg.2.你的話也許會(huì)傷她的自尊。 Yur remark may ________ her pride.3.我并未打算傷害她。 I didn’t mean t d her ____________.
【拓展】 injury n. 傷，傷口；傷害the injured n. 傷員injured adj. 受傷的，受委屈的d an injury t sb 傷害某人
Everywhere survivrs lked，there was nthing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was destryed. Abut 75 percent f the city’s factries and buildings，90 percent f its hmes，and all f its hspitals were gne. Bricks cvered the grund like red autumn leaves，but n wind culd blw them away. Mst bridges had fallen r were nt safe t crss. The railway tracks were nw useless pieces f metal. Tens f thusands f cws，hundreds f thusands f pigs，and millins f chickens were dead. Sand nw filled the wells instead f water. Peple were in shck—and then，later that afternn，anther big quake shk Tangshan again. Even mre buildings fell dwn. Water，fd，and electricity were hard t get. Peple began t wnder hw lng the disaster wuld last.
(1) 名詞或代詞Fr miles and miles I culd see nthing except (= but) a great fire and lts f smke. Under the sil there is nthing but sand. (2) 不定式He did nthing but sleep all day lng. I can but bey it.（= I can d nthing but bey it.）Pliteness csts nthing but wins everything.
（除……外；什么也沒有；只有）后面可接
1、adj：過去的；用完了；死去的；無望的，無可挽救的　The spring is gne. 春天已經(jīng)過去了。2、v: g的過去分詞，用于過去時(shí)； I went hme yesterday. 我昨天回家了3、prep: 晚于，超過（某一時(shí)間） It was just gne 7 'clck this evening when I finished. 今晚我做完的時(shí)候剛過7點(diǎn)。
Bricks cvered the grund like red autumn leaves，but n wind culd blw them away.
磚塊就像秋天的紅葉覆蓋著地面，但是卻沒有風(fēng)能將其吹走。
Peple began t wnder hw lng the disaster wuld last.
hw lng 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句
人們心里開始疑惑這場災(zāi)難還會(huì)持續(xù)多久。
1、v. 持續(xù)；維持2、adj. 最近的；上一個(gè)的；末尾的；最后的3、adv. 最后；最近一次4、n. 最后來的人（或發(fā)生的事）； 鞋楦(做鞋的模型)
The wind is changing rund, s the strm wn't last lng.風(fēng)正在轉(zhuǎn)向,因此暴風(fēng)雨不會(huì)持續(xù)太長的時(shí)間。
But hpe was nt lst. Sn after the quakes，the army sent 150，000 sldiers t Tangshan t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead. Mre than 10，000 dctrs and nurses came t prvide medical care. Wrkers built shelters fr survivrs whse hmes had been destryed. Hundreds f thusands f peple were helped. Water and fd were brught int the city by train，truck，and plane. Slwly，the city began t breathe again.
句意：軍隊(duì)派遣了15萬士兵到唐山去挖出被困人員并埋葬死者。
dig ut 挖掘，發(fā)現(xiàn) trap ? v. 困住, 使陷于困境 ? n. 圈套; 陷阱；計(jì)謀
We’re trapped
The army sent 150,000 sliders t Tangshan t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead.
Sn after the quakes，the army sent 150，000 sldiers t Tangshan t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead.
地震發(fā)生后不久，部隊(duì)派出了15萬名士兵奔赴唐山，將受困群眾從廢墟中搶救出來，并掩埋了死者。
1. 提供[(prvide sth+fr sb)]On Sundays his landlady prvided dinner as well as breakfast.星期天,他的女房東不但供給早餐,還供給晚餐。2. 裝備,供給prvide sb+with sth)]Smehw she managed t prvide her children with fd and clthing.她總算設(shè)法使她的孩子有飯吃，有衣穿。3. 規(guī)定[+(that)]The law prvides that these ancient buildings must be preserved.法律規(guī)定,這些古老的建筑應(yīng)該保存.
Wrkers built shelters fr survivrs whse hmes had been destryed.
工人為那些家園被毀的幸存者蓋起了避難所。
Slwly，the city began t breathe again.
慢慢地，這座城市又開始恢復(fù)了生機(jī)。
Tangshan started t revive itself and get back up n its feet. With strng supprt frm the gvernment and the tireless effrts f the city’s peple，a new Tangshan was built upn the earthquake ruins. The new city has becme a hme t mre than seven millin peple，with great imprvements in transprtatin，industry，and envirnment. Tangshan city has prved t China and the rest f the wrld that in times f disaster，peple must unify and shw the wisdm t stay psitive and rebuild fr a brighter future.
Tangshan started t revive itself and get back up n its feet.
唐山重新站起來并獲得了新生。
Tangshan city has prved t China and the rest f the wrld that in times f disaster，peple must unify and shw the wisdm t stay psitive and rebuild fr a brighter future.
唐山向中國、向世界證明，在自然災(zāi)難中，人民必須勠力同心，保持樂觀的心態(tài)和重建家園的決心。
v. 使成一體; 成為一體He pledged t unify the city's plitical factins.他保證要統(tǒng)一全市的政治小集團(tuán)。 refrms designed t unify the cuntry.…旨在統(tǒng)一國家的憲法改革。unified adj.統(tǒng)一的 unified system f taxatin.…統(tǒng)一的稅制。

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高中英語人教版 (2019)必修 第一冊(cè)電子課本

Unit 4 Natural disasters

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年級(jí)： 必修 第一冊(cè)

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