?Topic：Unit 6 At one with nature Type of lesson：Grammar
Prepared by: Checked by： Taught by： Time：
Goals：
1. To know the concept of relative clause and analyze sentences structure properly.
2. To develop students’ abilities of grammar knowledge application.

Step 1 【語法歸納-定語從句】
1.“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的關(guān)系代詞。其中關(guān)系代詞只可用whom或which，不可用that。
a) Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?
還記得你加入我們俱樂部的那一天嗎？
b) In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.
在漆黑的大街上沒有一個人可以讓她求助的。
2. “介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞的確定
介詞的選擇可以總結(jié)為：“一先、二動、三意義、四特殊”。
(1) 一先，即先看先行詞。介詞往往和先行詞構(gòu)成固定搭配。
(時間常和on, in, by搭配；地點常用on, in, at；原因用for；方式用in, by, with等)
This is the house in which the inventor lived.
這就是那位發(fā)明家住的房子。
(2)二動，即看從句中的謂語動詞結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)從句中謂語動詞的搭配選擇合適的介詞。
He is a person of whom everyone has heard.(hear of 聽說)
他是一個人人都聽說過的人。
(3)三意義：通過判斷主句表達(dá)的全部意義來確定合適的介詞。
He was educated at the local high school, after which he went on to Beijing University.
他在當(dāng)?shù)氐囊凰咧猩系膶W(xué)，那之后去北大繼續(xù)求學(xué)。
(4)四特殊：of 常用于“表示部分的詞語＋of＋關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。表示部分的詞語常見的有：
a) 數(shù)詞(含基數(shù)詞，序數(shù)詞，分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù))
There are sixty students in our class, twenty of whom are girls.
我們班有六十名學(xué)生，其中二十名是女生。
b) 表示數(shù)目或數(shù)量的詞語many, most, few, several, enough, half, a quarter
The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% of which are sold abroad.
這家工廠每年生產(chǎn)50萬雙鞋，其中80%的鞋銷往國外。
c) the＋最高級/比較級
There are two rooms, the smaller of which is my study room.
這里有兩個房間，較小的那個是我的書房。
d) 不定代詞all, both, none, neither, either, some, any
e) listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of等固定短語，在定語從句中不宜將介詞與動詞分開及前置。
This is the person whom/who/that you are looking for.
這就是你在找的那個人。



Step 2【定語從句的關(guān)系詞總結(jié)表】（判斷關(guān)系代詞在句子處于什么位置，修飾哪個名詞）

作主語/賓語
作狀語
作定語
指人
whom /who /that
地點where
=on/at/in which
時間when
=on/in/by which
原因why= for which
（以上關(guān)系詞只作狀語）
whose ...的
（可指人指物）
指物
that/which


Step 3【Quiz】
I. Fill blanks with the structure of “介詞+關(guān)系代詞”based on the meanings of sentences.
a) Complete the sentences with “preposition(介詞)+ whom” or “preposition+ which”.
1. Wind power is an ancient source of energy ________we may return in the near future.
2. Gun control is a subject ________Americans have argued for a long time.
3. He was educated at a local grammar school, __________ he went on to Cambridge.
4. There are species living in the depths of the oceans ________ we still know little.
5. Today’s English learners have a wide choice of dictionaries __________to choose.
6. A good advertisement often uses words _________ people attach positive meanings.
7. The position, however, ________you are applying, is not quite a well-paid one.
8. In the end, it was Becky _________ he turned for a gentle word and a smile.
9. American women usually identify their best friend as someone they can talk frequently.
10.In our class there are 46 students, ______ half wear glasses.


b) 1. Do you like the book __________ ______ she learned a lot?
2. The tower ______ _______ people can have a good view is on the hill.
3. The man______ ______ you are going to make friends is my father’s neighbor.
4. Do you know the reason _____ ______ he got angry?
5. - Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?
- You should try the barber’s ______ ______ I go. It’s only 15.

II. Rewrite the given sentences with the structure of attributive clauses (定語從句).
1. I can’t remember the time. I first met Nelson Mandela at the time.

______________________________________________________________________________

2. Mary went to the university. Her father studied in the university.

______________________________________________________________________________


3. No one told me the reason. Jackson suddenly moved to Canada for this reason.

______________________________________________________________________________

4. The high school was not very large. His mother worked in it ten years ago.

______________________________________________________________________________

5. Professor Yang is my teacher. I have learned a lot from him.

______________________________________________________________________________

III. Translation
1. 剛才和你談話的那個男孩是個電腦游戲高手。

_____________________________________________________________________________
2. 他們找尋的文件已經(jīng)找到了。

______________________________________________________________________________
3.歷史是我們學(xué)校每個學(xué)生都很感興趣的課程。

______________________________________________________________________________

Step 4 單元重點歸納
1. harmony拓展：in harmony with 與……協(xié)調(diào)一致
out of harmony with 與……不協(xié)調(diào)一致
harmonious adj. 調(diào)和的，和諧的，均衡的
e.g. The music is out of harmony with her songs.
曲調(diào)和她(所唱)的歌不和諧。
2. harm拓展：do ... harm/do harm to ... 對……有害
There is no harm in (sb.'s) doing sth.做某事無害處
harmful adj. 有害的；傷害的 harmless adj. 無害的，不會造成損害的
be harmful to ... 對……有害處
e.g. Reading novels on line for a long time before sleeping will do you harm.
睡前在線閱讀小說的時間太久對身體有害。
harm近義詞理解
harm
常用于抽象事物
hurt
可指肉體上的傷害，更多用于情感上的傷害
injure
尤其指在事故中受到的傷害
wound
主要用于刀、槍、劍等武器對身體造成的創(chuàng)傷

3. benefit拓展：for the benefit of ... ＝for one's benefit 為了……的利益
benefit sb./sth. 使某人或某物受益
benefit from/by ... 從……中受益/獲益
beneficial adj. 有利的；有益的；受益的
e.g. As we all know, books are the source of knowledge. I benefit a great deal from reading.
我們都知道書是知識的源泉。我從讀書中獲益匪淺。
4. replace拓展：replace ... with/by ... 用……代替……
replace sb./sth.＝take the place of sb./sth.＝take one's place 取代某人/某物
in place of 代替，取代
e.g. Jim broke Tom's cup and had to replace it with a new one.
吉姆打破了湯姆的杯子，(因此)不得不給他換個新的。

3.“with ＋ 賓語＋賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)。
(1)常見的with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：
with＋賓語＋形容詞/副詞/介詞短語
with＋賓語＋doing(表主動、進行)
with＋賓語＋done(表被動、完成)
with＋賓語＋to do(表未做)
(2) with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)
常作原因、條件、時間、方式或伴隨狀語，也可作后置定語。
①I couldn't put into my study with the children making noise outside.
孩子們在外面制造噪音，我不能投入進去學(xué)習(xí)。
②He is used to sleeping with the window open at night even in winter.
即使在冬天的夜晚他也習(xí)慣開著窗睡覺。
③With a lot of work to do(do)，we cannot go out to play basketball.
有許多工作要做，我們不能出去打籃球了。
④With their work finished(finish)，they went to see the movie Wandering Earth together.
完成工作后，他們結(jié)伴去看電影《流浪地球》了。




教師“復(fù)備”欄或
學(xué)生質(zhì)疑、總結(jié)欄



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