北京市海淀區(qū)2022-2023學年高二英語上學期期末試題（Word版附解析）-試卷下載-教習網(wǎng)

?海淀區(qū)高二年級練習
英語
第一部分：聽力理解(共三節(jié)，18分)
第一節(jié)(共4小題;每小題1分，共4分)
聽下面4段材料。每段材料后有一道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段材料后，你將有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段材料你將聽一遍。
1. Who will go to Thailand for the first time?
A.The woman. B. The woman’s parents. C. The man.
2. When will the woman have the meeting?
A. On Tuesday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday.
3. What gift does the woman give the man?
A. A tie. B. A shirt. C. A suit.
4. Which club will the two speakers most probably go to?
A. The art history club. B. The cooking club. C. The fashion design club.
第二節(jié)(共8小題;每小題1分，共8分)
聽下面4段材料。每段材料后有幾道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段材料前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀每小題。聽完后，每小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段材料你將聽兩遍。
聽第5段材料，回答第5至6小題。
5. What does the woman invite the man to do this weekend?
A. Go fishing. B. Climb mountains. C. Visit the community center.
6. When will the woman pick up the man?
A. At five. B. At six. C. At seven.
聽第6段材料，回答第7至8小題。
7. How often does the man check his phone?
A. Every day. B. Every one or two hours. C. Every five minutes.
8. How does the woman get information?
A. Over her phone. B. On a personal computer. C. By talking to a young generation.
聽第7段材料，回答第9至10小題。
9. What does the woman think of senior high students?
A. Quiet. B. Imaginative. C. Interesting.
10. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. On a talk show. B. In a lecture. C. At a meeting.
聽第8段材料，回答第11至12小題。
11. Which of the following does the speaker suggest during Minor Cold?
A. Slow jogging. B. Bicycling fast. C. Running the stairs.
12. What’s the speaker’s main purpose in giving the talk?
A. To recommend ways to keep warm.
B. To make an introduction of Minor Cold.
C. To explain how Chinese New Year is celebrated.
第三節(jié)(共4小題;每小題1.5分，共6分)
聽第9段材料，完成第13至16小題，每小題僅填寫一個詞。聽材料前，你將有20秒鐘的時間閱讀試題，聽完后你將有60秒鐘的作答時間。這段材料你將聽兩遍。
Ways to Be a Successful Online Learner
Build a practical study plan
■Write a detailed to-do list every day
■Set time 13
Create a good learning environment
■Make the space 14 from your bed or sofa
■Make sure you have a strong internet connection
Take 15 study breaks
■Go outside for a walk with friends
■ 16 looking at a screen
第二部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，20分)
第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。
In the tenth grade, my peers gave me a nickname that stuck until graduation: “Dictionary.” It all started the day my teacher announced a national spelling bee competition.
Determined to win I opened my dictionary to learn how to spell every word in English. In a desperate ____1____ to memorize the most words possible, I began reading day and night.
During the competition, I misspelled one word. The pain over this defeat was so great that — to this day — I ____2____ the word: “graffiti.” However, not succeeding in something I invested so much effort in only ____3____ my determination to study harder.
Later, my school was participating in a French dictation competition hosted by a nonprofit organization that gives kids in poverty ____4____ to an education.
French isn’t my first language, so I ____5____ the books even harder. I spent all my free time studying. In the competition, I scored the highest in my school! I felt so proud. That joy was ____6____ because I knew my victory was also helping children learn to read and write.
In the final, I took the fifth place. Although it wasn’t what I had dreamed of, it was quite ____7____!
Besides the award, I acquired the ____8____ that I’d use for the rest of my life, such as persistence and critical thinking. And I found that whether we are generating ____9____ for ourselves or for others, we never know what can be the catalyst (催化劑) of a brilliant future. Sometimes, that catalyst can be as ______10______ as a book.
1. A. search B. sadness C. cry D. attempt
2. A. repeat B. learn C. prefer D. remember
3. A. showed B. strengthened C. shook D. tested
4. A. access B. freedom C. attention D. devotion
5. A. took B. pulled C. hit D. pressed
6. A. doubled B. spread C. transformed D. obtained
7. A. obvious B. average C. close D. familiar
8. A. rules B. abilities C. methods D. ideas
9. A. interest B. reaction C. change D. power
10. A. simple B. huge C. famous D. useful
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. A
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在自己參加的單詞拼寫比賽中的經(jīng)歷，給自己和他人帶來了改變，使作者獲得了以后生活中所需的能力。
【1題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了盡可能多地記住單詞，我不顧一切地開始夜以繼日地閱讀。A. search搜查；B. sadness傷心；C. cry哭喊；D. attempt嘗試。根據(jù)上文中的“Determined to win, I opened my dictionary to learn how to spell every word in English.”可知，作者要參加比賽而且下定決心要贏，肯定會拼命地嘗試記住所有的單詞。故選D項。
【2題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這次失敗的痛苦是如此之大，以至于直到今天，我還記得那個詞：“涂鴉”。A. repeat重復；B. learn學習；C. prefer偏愛；D. remember記住。根據(jù)上文中的“During the competition, I misspelled one word. The pain over this defeat was so great that—to this day”可知，作者這次失敗的經(jīng)歷，讓作者對拼錯的單詞印象深刻，難以忘記。故選D項。
【3題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我投入了如此多的努力卻沒有成功，這更堅定了我更加努力學習的決心。A. showed展示；B. strengthened加強；C. shook搖晃；D. tested測試。根據(jù)上文中的“However, not succeeding in something I invested so much effort in only…”可知，此處與上文作者的失敗為轉折關系，由此可推斷，這次失敗的痛反而加強了作者認真讀書的決心。故選B項。
【4題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，我的學校參加了一個由非營利組織主辦的法語聽寫比賽，該組織為貧困兒童提供了受教育的機會。A. access獲得的機會；B. freedom自由；C. attention注意；D. devotion投入。根據(jù)上文中的“…h(huán)osted by a nonprofit organization that gives kids in poverty…”可知，非營利性組織是為了幫助貧困的孩子有上學機會的，access to sth. 意為“……的機會”。故選A項。
【5題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：法語不是我的第一語言，所以我更加用功讀書。A. took帶走；B. pulled拉，拽；C. hit重擊；D. pressed按壓。固定短語hit the books 意為“用功讀書”。故選C項。
【6題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這種喜悅加倍了，因為我知道我的勝利也幫助孩子們學會了閱讀和寫作。A. doubled加倍；B. spread傳播；C. transformed轉換；D. obtained獲得。根據(jù)上文中的“In the competition, I scored the highest in my school!”和下文中的“because I knew my victory was also helping children learn to read and write.”可知，作者的快樂翻倍了。故選A項。
【7題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然這不是我夢寐以求的，但已經(jīng)很接近了！A. obvious明顯的；B. average一般的；C. close接近的；D. familiar熟悉的。根據(jù)上文中的“Although it wasn’t what I had dreamed of,”可知，前半句與后半句為轉折關系，盡管不是夢想的結果，但是很接近了自己的夢想。故選C項。
【8題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：除了這個獎項，我還獲得了我余生都會用到的能力，比如毅力和批判性思維。A. rules規(guī)矩；B. abilities能力；C. methods方法；D. ideas思想。根據(jù)下文中的“that I’d use for the rest of my life, such as persistence and critical thinking.”可知，此處指的是作者以后生活中所用的能力。故選B項。
【9題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)，無論我們是在為自己還是為他人創(chuàng)造改變，我們永遠不知道什么能成為輝煌未來的催化劑。A. interest興趣；B. reaction回應；C. change改變；D. power力量。根據(jù)下文中的“we never know what can be the catalyst(催化劑)of a brilliant future.”可知，催化劑是讓事物發(fā)生改變的，此處暗指的是讓人發(fā)生改變的事情。故選C項。
【10題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：有時候，這種催化劑就像一本書一樣簡單。A. simple簡單的；B. huge巨大的；C. famous著名的；D. useful有用的。根據(jù)下文中的“as…as a book.”可知，讀書是一件簡單的事情。故選A項。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)
A
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Amy’s school needed to collect money for more computers. Since many of her classmates’ families were from different ____11____ (country), Amy suggested holding a unique dinner night where every student could bring in his home dish. She knew parents and students ____12____ (be) glad to pay money to try different foods! For this dinner, Amy brought in chicken with potatoes while her Chinese friend Li Hua brought in fried eggs with tomatoes. It was ____13____ great success.
【答案】11. countries
12. would be##were
13. a
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。講述是Amy在家中成功的舉辦了一次獨特的晚宴，每個來自不同國家的學生帶了一份家鄉(xiāng)菜。
【11題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：由于她的許多同學的家庭來自不同的國家，艾米建議舉辦一個獨特的晚餐之夜，每個學生都可以帶上他的家菜。分析句子結構可知，此處應填名詞做介詞的賓語，different修飾名詞時，名詞需用復數(shù)。故填countries。
【12題詳解】
考查謂語動詞。句意：她知道家長和學生會很樂意花錢嘗試不同的食物！分析句子結構可知，此處是賓語從句中的謂語動詞，主句使用的是一般過去時態(tài)，從句時態(tài)與主句時態(tài)要一致，所以使用一般過去時態(tài)，主語是復數(shù)，所以填were描述事情發(fā)生的狀態(tài)；結合句意可知，從句中的動作可以表示將來的動作，所以從句中的謂語可以使用過去將來時態(tài)。故填would be/were。
【13題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：這是一次巨大的成功。分析句子結構可知，此處應該填冠詞，結合句意，此處是抽象名詞具體化的用法，意為“一次巨大的成功”，故填不定冠詞，great發(fā)音是以輔音音素開頭。故填a。
B
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
“Who questions much, shall learn much, and remember much,” said Francis Bacon. Now it seems obvious ____14____ we acquire knowledge and understanding. However, in the 17th century, many people tended to ignore the facts and were unwilling to challenge what they ____15____ (believe). But our understanding of the world around us is constantly growing and changing. So Galileo Galilei said, “All truths are easy to understand once they ____16____ (discover); the point is to discover them.”
【答案】14. how
15. believed##had believed
16. are discovered
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。介紹的是我們該如何獲得和理解知識。
【14題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：現(xiàn)在看來，我們?nèi)绾潍@得知識和理解似乎很明顯。分析句子結構可知，此處為從屬連詞引導的主語從句，it為形式主語，從句中不缺少主語和賓語，缺少方式狀語。故填how。
【15題詳解】
考查時態(tài)。句意：然而，在17世紀，許多人傾向于忽視事實，不愿意挑戰(zhàn)他們的信仰。分析句子結構可知，此處填謂語動詞形式，what引導的是賓語從句，從句時態(tài)與主句時態(tài)要一致，主語與believe的關系為主動關系，所以可以使用一般過去時態(tài)的主動形式；然而結合句意可知，從句中的謂語believe發(fā)生在主句的謂語部分were unwilling to challenge之前，所以也可以使用過去完成時態(tài)。故填believed/had believed。
【16題詳解】
考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：所以伽利略·伽利萊說：“所有的真理一旦被發(fā)現(xiàn)就很容易理解；關鍵是要發(fā)現(xiàn)它們。分析句子結構可知，此處應為謂語動詞形式，主語是復數(shù)，與discover之間為被動關系，又因為引文中的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，故填are discovered。
C
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Perfectionism, as a classic response to life, is riskier than it once was. A growing emphasis ____17____ employees’ well-being is one reason why perfectionism is out of favour. Perfectionists may also hurt team spirit, because they are regarded as being less ____18____ (social) skilled and less likeable than non-perfectionists. However, some jobs actively require perfectionism. Fortunately, discouraging perfectionism does not mean ____19____ (lower) high standards. Perfectionists are deeply annoying but they are nowhere near as bad as people ____20____ don’t have any standards.
【答案】17. on##upon
18. socially
19. lowering
20. who##that
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。簡要介紹了完美主義和完美主義者的特點，并指出不追求完美主義并不意味著降低高標準。
【17題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：越來越重視員工的福祉是完美主義不受歡迎的原因之一。分析句子結構可知，此處應為介詞與emphasis構成固定搭配，an emphasis on/upon sth.意為“對……強調(diào)”。故填on/upon。
【18題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：完美主義者也可能傷害團隊精神，因為他們被認為比非完美主義者更不善于社交，更不討人喜歡。分析句子結構可知，此處為副詞作狀語修飾skilled，social的副詞為socially。故填socially。
【19題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：幸運是，不追求完美主義并不意味著降低高標準。分析句子結構可知，此處需要填非謂語動詞形式，mean doing sth.意為“意味著做某事”，mean to do sth.意為“打算做某事”，結合句意可知，“意味著作某事”符合句意。故填lowering。
【20題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：完美主義者非常煩人，但他們遠沒有那些沒有任何標準的人那么糟糕。分析句子結構可知，此處應填連詞引導定語從句修飾先行詞people，從句中缺少主語，先行詞指的是人，所以使用關系代詞who/that。故填who/that。
第三部分：閱讀理解(共30分)
第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題2分，共20分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。
A
The bald eagle was once a dying species in the United States. This is because the bird wasn’t always held with respect. At the National Book Festival, author Jack E. Davis detailed the bald eagle’s “great conservation success story”.
The bald eagle has faced extinction twice. The first occurred in the late 19th century. “It was then that a bald eagle seen was one to be shot,” he said. He explained that the bird had been regarded as a dangerous animal, and considered a threat. But such threat tended to be overstated. Throughout the early 20th century, thousands of bald eagles were shot down. Things began to change for the bird in 1940, when the government passed its legal protection — the Bald Eagle Protection Act.
However, only five years later, the bird faced its second near extinction when DDT, an environmentally harmful insecticide (殺蟲劑), was introduced at the end of World War Ⅱ. In 1963, the bald eagle hit its lowest number — totaling less than 500 nesting pairs across the U.S. “At that time, only about one-third of the nation’s water was safe for swimming and fishing,” Davis said. “That was eagle habitat, but also our habitat.” “We stepped up.” He mentioned that this situation led a nonprofit organization, Fish and Wildlife, to launch “hugely successful” eagle protection projects.
By 2007, the bald eagle was removed from the list as the species regained its health, reaching nearly 11,000 nesting pairs nationwide, and today’s number is somewhere around 500,000.
For those looking to assist in the ongoing comeback of the bald eagle and other endangered animals, Davis said, almost every state has a center that accepts donations and welcomes visitors and volunteers.

21. What made the bald eagle almost extinct for the first time?
A. The illegal hunting. B. The loose control of guns.
C. The attack from other animals. D. The misunderstanding of their threat.
22. What caused Fish and Wildlife to start eagle protection projects?
A. The outbreak of World War II. B. The overuse of DDT nationwide.
C. The disappearance of eagle habitat. D. The worsening of eagles’ living condition.
23. What’s the main purpose of the passage?
A. To tell a story of a dying species.
B. To advertise the book of Jack E. Davis.
C. To raise the awareness of protecting wildlife.
D. To introduce the ways of protecting bald eagles.
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. C
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了禿鷹面臨的兩次滅絕，在政府和一些野生動物保護組織的努力下，禿鷹從美國瀕臨滅絕物種名單中消除。
【21題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“The bald eagle has faced extinction twice. The first occurred in the late 19th century. ‘It was then that a bald eagle seen was one to be shot,’ he said. He explained that the bird had been regarded as a dangerous animal, and considered a threat.(禿鷹曾兩次面臨滅絕。第一次發(fā)生在19世紀后期。“那時，禿鷹一被發(fā)生就會遭到射殺，”他說。他解釋說，禿鷹被視為一種危險的動物，被認為是一種威脅。)”可知，19世紀末期，禿鷹被獵殺是因為人們認為禿鷹是一種威脅，這讓禿鷹幾乎滅絕。故選D項。
【22題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“‘At that time, only about one-third of the nation’s water was safe for swimming and fishing,’ Davis said. ‘That was eagle habitat, but also our habitat.’ ‘We stepped up.’ He mentioned that this situation led a nonprofit organization, Fish and Wildlife, to launch ‘hugely successful’ eagle protection projects.(“當時，全國只有大約三分之一的水域可以安全游泳和釣魚，”戴維斯說。“那是鷹的棲息地，也是我們的棲息地。”“我們站了出來。” 他提到，這種情況讓非營利組織Fish and Wildlife啟動了“hugely successful”鷹保護項目。)”可知，老鷹生存條件的惡化促使非營利性組織Fish and Wildlife發(fā)起鷹保護項目。故選D項。
【23題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“For those looking to assist in the ongoing comeback of the bald eagle and other endangered animals, Davis said, almost every state has a center that accepts donations and welcomes visitors and volunteers. (戴維斯說，對于那些希望幫助白頭鷹和其他瀕危動物恢復的人來說，幾乎每個州都有一個接受捐款、歡迎游客和志愿者的中心。)”可知，每個州都有接受捐贈并歡迎游客和志愿者的中心，這是對人們發(fā)起號召，讓大家行動起來保護野生動物，再結合本文介紹的禿鷹兩次瀕臨滅絕的情況綜合推斷可知，這篇文章是為了提升人們保護野生動物的意識。故選C項。
B
My dad loves his wine. One day while making a sandwich, I noticed the date on one of his wine bottles. I then took it out of the pantry (食品貯藏室) and rushed toward my father.
“Dad, Dad!” I shouted. “This wine is way past its ‘best before’ date.”
“Son, hold on,” he said.
“No, you can’t drink this any more!”
“Wait, let me tell you... ”
“Would you like me to throw it away for you?” I asked.
“Ha, ha, no. Let me explain something,” my father said cheerfully.
“But...” I didn’t want my father getting sick.
“Son. some wines get better over time. The longer you wait to drink it. the better it will be. Although this may seem strange. it is true.”
When I was young, I didn’t have any understanding of what this meant. But now, looking back, this would have been very helpful to remember as I went through my teenager years.
We are all so keen to reach the next step quickly that we will do anything to get there. This has a negative effect on our society. In a job situation, we want promotion so much that we will step on others. When trying to go to the right college, we will do anything to get in. When we rush through our homework, we may not study enough for the test, and end up failing. All these common situations have one thing in common: they could all be solved if we just took our time.
When we don’t fully prepare ourselves for the next level, we become a society of people who aren’t ready, but want the rewards of reaching the next level. This cheats others who have prepared and deserve the job. We need to be ready for whatever comes, ready for the unexpected. Just as wine gets better over time, so will the things in our paths.
24. How did the father react to the out-of-date wine?
A. He insisted on keeping it. B. He drank it up immediately.
C. He checked if it was drinkable. D. He asked his son to throw it away.
25. Which of the following might the father approve of?
A. Graduating from college ahead of time.
B. Getting the best job as quickly as possible.
C. Preparing ourselves for a promotion patiently.
D. Doing schoolwork despite missing the deadline.
26. What can we conclude from the passage?
A. Good things come to those who wait. B. Positive thinking results in success.
C. He who laughs last, laughs best. D. Time and tide wait for no man.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. A
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。通過一對父子對已經(jīng)過了最佳飲用期的葡萄酒的討論，闡明一個人生道理：我們需要為任何事情做好準備，我們?nèi)松缆飞系囊磺胁艜兊酶谩?br /> 【24題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二三段的對話內(nèi)容““Dad, Dad!” I shouted. “This wine is way past its ‘best before’ date.” “Son, hold on,” he said.(“爸，爸！”我喊道?！斑@款酒已經(jīng)過了‘此日期前最佳’的日期?！薄皟鹤樱鹊?，”他說)”可知，父親說等等，也就是說不要扔掉，留著這瓶酒。故選A項。
【25題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的首句“We are all so keen to reach the next step quickly that we will do anything to get there. This has a negative effect on our society.(我們都非常渴望迅速邁出下一步，我們將盡一切努力實現(xiàn)這一目標。這對我們的社會產(chǎn)生了負面影響)”以及尾句“All these common situations have one thing in common: they could all be solved if we just took our time.(所有這些常見情況都有一個共同點：只要我們慢慢來，它們都可以解決)”可知，我們總是在沒有準備好的情況下就急著進入下一階段，這對社會是有負面影響的，要解決此問題，需要的是時間，耐心去準備。由此推知，父親可能會贊成“耐心地為晉升做好準備”。故選C項。
【26題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“We need to be ready for whatever comes, ready for the unexpected. Just as wine gets better over time, so will the things in our paths.(我們需要為任何事情做好準備，為意想不到的事情做好準備。正如葡萄酒隨著時間的推移而變得更好一樣，我們道路上的事物也會變得更好)”可知，本文的觀點是我們要為到來的事情以及意想不到的事情準備好，我們道路上的一切才能變得更好。由此推知，“蒼天不負有心人”的觀點與此一致。故選A項。
C
Alarming reports that the Antarctic ice sheet is becoming smaller misrepresent the facts. The ice sheet holds about 26.5 million gigatons(十億噸)of water. If it were to melt(融化)completely, sea levels would rise 190 feet. Such a change is an issue for the far future, if it comes at all.
Much more modest ice loss is normal in Antarctica. Each year, some 2,200 gigatons of the ice is discharged(消融), while snowfall adds almost the same amount. The difference between the discharge and addition each year is the annual loss. That figure has been increasing, from 40 gigatons a year in the 1980s to 250 gigatons a year in the 2010s. But the increase is just a slight change in a complex process. If it continued at that rate, the sea level would be raised by 3 inches over 100 years.
Many fear that a warming globe could increase discharge and cause more rapid sea-level rise. Two recent studies focus on this issue. Researchers in the study of Thwaites Glacier(冰川)—an unusually broad and fast Antarctic glacier—infer that in the past it became smaller for half a year at more than twice the fastest rate ever observed. The cause of this specific event remains unknown, partly because the time of the rapid melting hasn’t yet been determined. But the media goes with this angle: “A ‘doomsday(末日)glacier’, the size of Florida, is breaking faster than thought.”
A second study tested the idea that the melted freshwater could be carried by currents to speed up the discharge of nearby glaciers. Researchers constructed a special model to prove their idea. If ocean currents can connect the discharges of distant glaciers, that would add to the complexity in the Antarctic ice sheet. To emphasize their idea, researchers used human influences almost three times larger. Even though that fact is stated in the paper, reporters rarely catch such nuance, and the media goes with headlines such as “a massive tsunami would drown New York City, killing millions.” A more accurate headline would read: “Ocean currents connecting Antarctic glaciers might quicken their melting.”
These two studies were conducted with clever methods to infer past conditions and advanced computer modeling to show possible situations. These papers describe the science with appropriate precision and caution, but it is a shame that the media misrepresents the research to raise alarm. That denies the public the right to make informed decisions about “climate action,” as well as the opportunity to be amazed at the science itself.

27. What does the author think of the annual loss of the Antarctic ice sheet?
A. It’s a danger. B. It’s limited.
C. It changes significantly. D. It decreases yearly.
28. What can we learn from the two studies?
A. Both studies constructed new models.
B. The Thwaites Glacier melts faster than expected.
C. The complexity of the ocean speeds up the discharge of glaciers.
D. Neither the reason nor the time of the Thwaites Glacier’s melting is known.
29. The underlined phrase “catch such nuance” probably means .
A. deny the obvious facts B. pay attention to the difference
C. evaluate the details D. are serious about the warning
30. What can we conclude from this passage?
A. Antarctic glaciers melting makes sea level rise greatly.
B. Recent studies on the melting ice call for people’s action.
C. Reports of the media on Antarctic glaciers mislead the public.
D. The researches about the glaciers melting raise public awareness.
【答案】27 B 28. D 29. B 30. C
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。闡述的是一篇駭人聽聞的關于南極冰層變小的報道，引起了人們的恐慌，本文主要講述的是兩項針對于這項報道的研究，這兩項研究使用明智的做法推斷過去的情況和先進的計算機建模來顯示可能的情況，來證實媒體報道的不實，歪曲了研究的實情，誤導了公眾。
【27題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“That figure has been increasing, from 40 gigatons a year in the 1980s to 250 gigatons a year in the 2010s. But the increase is just a slight change in a complex process. (這一數(shù)字一直在增加，從1980年代的每年40億噸增加到2010年代的每年250千兆噸。但這種增加只是復雜過程中的微小變化。)”可知，研究者認為這種增加只是一個微小的變化，由此可推斷，南極洲冰層的每年的損失是有限的的。故選B項。
【28題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Researchers constructed a special model to prove their idea. (研究人員構建了一個特殊的模型來證明他們的想法。)”可知，只有一項研究采用了建模模式，故A項錯誤；根據(jù)第三段中的“Researchers in the study of Thwaites Glacier(冰川)—an unusually broad and fast Antarctic glacier—infer that in the past it became smaller for half a year at more than twice the fastest rate ever observed. (研究Thwaites冰川（冰川）的研究人員推斷，在過去，它以有史以來最快的速度變小了半年。)”可知，該冰川融化的速度變小而不是更快，故B項錯誤；根據(jù)第四段中的“A second study tested the idea that the melted freshwater could be carried by currents to speed up the discharge of nearby glaciers.(第二項研究測試了融化的淡水可以被水流攜帶以加速附近冰川排放的想法。)”可知，是融化的淡水增加了附近冰川的消融，故C項錯誤；根據(jù)第三段中的“The cause of this specific event remains unknown, partly because the time of the rapid melting hasn’t yet been determined. (這一特定事件的原因仍然未知，部分原因是快速融化的時間尚未確定。)”可知，Thwaites Glacier的融化原因和快速融化的時間不明確。故選D項。
【29題詳解】
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文中的“Researchers constructed a special model to prove their idea. If ocean currents can connect the discharges of distant glaciers, that would add to the complexity in the Antarctic ice sheet. To emphasize their idea, researchers used human influences almost three times larger. (研究人員構建了一個特殊的模型來證明他們的想法。如果洋流可以連接遙遠冰川的排放，這將增加南極冰蓋的復雜性。為了強調(diào)他們的想法，研究人員使用了幾乎三倍于人類的影響。)”可知，研究者用建模的方式研究洋流可能對冰川融化的影響，所以使用的近乎三倍于人類的影響進行研究。劃線短語所在的句子與其前的“Even though that fact is stated in the paper, reporters rarely…(盡管報紙上陳述了這一事實，但記者很少……)”是轉折關系，即使報紙上陳述了這一事實，但是……，結合選項可知，此處表示“他們沒有注意到區(qū)別”，在結合下文中對新聞標題的更改，可以確定，此短語的意思是“注意差別”。故選B項。
【30題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段中的“These papers describe the science with appropriate precision and caution, but it is a shame that the media misrepresents the research to raise alarm. That denies the public the right to make informed decisions about “climate action,” as well as the opportunity to be amazed at the science itself. (這些論文以適當?shù)木_和謹慎描述了科學，但令人遺憾的是，媒體歪曲了研究以引起警惕。這剝奪了公眾就“氣候行動”做出知情決定的權利，也剝奪了對科學本身感到驚訝的機會。)”可知，媒體歪曲了研究而引起警惕，剝奪了公眾的知情決定權，由此可以推斷，媒體對南極冰川的報道誤導了公眾。故選C項。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
The Benefits of Making Fun of Yourself
Being able to laugh at yourself isn’t always easy. However, making light of your weaknesses and life challenges can have a number of benefits. While it might sound surprising, being able to make fun of yourself can be good for your self-esteem(自尊).____31____
Making fun of yourself is a form of self-critical humor, which can involve being too modest, or even laughing at yourself humorously.____32____ However, research suggests they tend to be more self-confident. When this type of humor is used to maintain a positive attitude in difficult situations, it can help enhance well-being and self-esteem.
____33____ Making fun of yourself may help make you more likable and build stronger relationships with others. Interestingly, research suggests that both men and women think that being able to make fun of yourself is an attractive trait, despite differences in their ways of using humor.
Laughter has been shown to have a number of stress-fighting benefits. ____34____ When you view situations as threats, stress levels increase. Shifting to a mindset that allows you to see these situations as challenges can transform this into what is known as “good stress” that helps you feel more empowered.
Making fun of yourself can have some benefits, but it’s important not to take things too far. If making fun of yourself starts negatively impacting your mental health or well-being, it’s time to take a step back.____35____ If you embrace your weakness and imperfections to a reasonable degree, you will feel happier and improve your relationships and overall well-being.
A. Find a balance that works for you.
B. Laughing at yourself helps accept yourself.
C. People are more drawn to others who can laugh at themselves.
D. Being able to laugh at yourself can relieve stress by changing your view.
E. Making fun of yourself in difficult situations can reduce your stress greatly.
F. People with such a sense of humor are sometimes regarded as having low self-esteem.
G. It might even improve your relationships and help you face challenges more effectively.
【答案】31. G 32. F 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。介紹自嘲的一些好處，他有利于你的自尊，甚至可以改善你的人際關系，幫助你更有效地面對挑戰(zhàn)，本文講述的是如何合理地利用自嘲。
【31題詳解】
根據(jù)空前的“While it might sound surprising, being able to make fun of yourself can be good for your self-esteem(自尊).(雖然這聽起來可能令人驚訝，但能夠自嘲對你的自尊有好處。)”可知，該部分講的是自嘲的好處，所以此空處應選擇的是自嘲的好處，G選項“It might even improve your relationships and help you face challenges more effectively.(它甚至可以改善你的人際關系，幫助你更有效地面對挑戰(zhàn)。)”中的even以及其內(nèi)容講述的是自嘲的好處，符合語境。故選G項。
32題詳解】
根據(jù)空后“However, research suggests they tend to be more self-confident.(然而，研究表明他們往往更自信。)”中的however可知，此空與下文為轉折關系，下文講述的是自嘲可以使人更加的自信，所以此處空應該是與此內(nèi)容相反，F(xiàn)選項“People with such a sense of humor are sometimes regarded as having low self-esteem.(有這種幽默感的人有時被認為是自卑的。)”的內(nèi)容講述的是自嘲的人被認為是自尊心低的人，符合題意。故選F項。
【33題詳解】
空后的“Making fun of yourself may help make you more likable and build stronger relationships with others.(自嘲可能有助于讓你更討人喜歡，并與他人建立更牢固的關系。)”講述的自嘲的人更討人喜歡，人們更愿意與其建立牢固的關系，C選項“People are more drawn to others who can laugh at themselves.(人們更容易被那些可以自嘲的人所吸引。)”講述的是人們更喜歡自嘲的人，與下文內(nèi)容吻合。故選C項。
【34題詳解】
根據(jù)空前的段落主題句“Laughter has been shown to have a number of stress-fighting benefits.(哄堂大笑已被證明有許多對抗壓力的好處。)”可知，該段講述的是自嘲有抗壓好處，D項“Being able to laugh at yourself can relieve stress by changing your view.(能夠嘲笑自己可以通過改變自己的觀點來緩解壓力。)”講述的為嘲笑自己能緩解壓力，符合語境。故選D項。
【35題詳解】
結合空前的“If making fun of yourself starts negatively impacting your mental health or well-being, it’s time to take a step back.(如果取笑自己開始對您的心理健康或福祉產(chǎn)生負面影響，那么是時候退后一步了。)”可知，如果自嘲影響自己健康，說明有些過度了，而下文中的“If you embrace your weakness and imperfections to a reasonable degree, you will feel happier and improve your relationships and overall well-being.(如果你在合理的程度上接受你的弱點和不完美，你會感到更快樂，改善你的人際關系和整體幸福感。)”說的是合理的自嘲會讓人感到快樂，由此可推斷，此空應是找到一個自嘲的平衡點，既要自嘲，又不能過度，A選項“Find a balance that works for you.(找到一個對你起作用的平衡點。)”起到一個承上啟下的作用，符合題意。故選A項。
第四部分：書面表達(共兩節(jié)，32分)
第一節(jié)(共4小題;第52、53小題各2分，第54小題3分，第55小題5分，共12分)
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。
Computers, smartphones, and audio players are an essential part of students’ everyday lives. That means that whenever students are doing homework, they are going to be faced with the problem of using their devices for purposes other than learning. Instead of concentrating on one task, they are performing multiple tasks.
According to the research by Larry Rosen, published in the journal Computers in Human Science, students spend up to 45% of their homework time on various tasks unrelated to their studies. Students often get distracted(分神)by their phones or use their laptops for unauthorized(未經(jīng)許可的)activities. Often, students think that they are able to multitask effectively, without sacrificing their studies. However, the research shows that it is true in only 5%of all cases.
But why do teenagers multitask? The answer is simple: multitasking makes us feel good. As the research indicates, the entertainment gained from secondary activities during studies makes learners feel better emotionally. Watching TV or talking to your friends by email is pleasant and helps students fight boredom while doing homework or listening to a lecture they find boring. Another reason why students multitask is that they simply do not see the negative impact it has on their coursework. Teenagers often overrate their abilities. The seemingly tiny distractions, however, result in a constant need to switch focus and sort out information, injuring the brain by overuse and making the process inefficient.
However, the effects of multitasking are not entirely negative. The research conducted by HKU indicates that people who routinely multitask are able to use their senses in conjunction(結合)more easily. Other research also shows that multitasking has a positive effect on the ability to pass judgment and solve problems quickly and efficiently.
36. What problem do students have when doing homework?
____________________________________________________________
37. How does multitasking influence students’ study?
____________________________________________________________
38. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Students choose to multitask even though they are aware that they might get distracted.
____________________________________________________________
39. What measure (s) can you take to avoid your multitasking? Why? (In about 40 words)
____________________________________________________________
【答案】36. The problem is using their devices for purposes other than learning./
They are faced with the problem of using their devices for purposes other than learning./
They use their devices for purposes other than learning.
37. Students often get distracted by using their phones or their laptops for unauthorized activities and even sacrifice their studies while multitasking.
38. Students choose to multitask even though they are aware that they might get distracted.
According to the passage, students choose to multitask because they are unaware that they might get distracted./
Another reason the students multitask is that they simply do not see the negative impact it has on their coursework./
According to the passage, many students are not aware that they might get distracted by multitasking./
According to the passage, they often overrate their abilities, unaware that they might get distracted by multitasking.
39. I would set my academic goal, which helps me find appropriate ways to focus on my study. Additionally, I would keep away from the devices causing multitasking. With them out of reach, I would not be distracted by the unnecessary information. /
I always switch off my phone while doing homework to avoid multitasking. Without access to the phone, I won’t check the updates on social media from time to time. Besides, without the ocean of information from the phone, I can concentrate on my work well.
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了通常情況下多任務會導致學生分心，以及學生選擇多任務的原因。
【36題詳解】
考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段的“That means that whenever students are doing homework, they are going to be faced with the problem of using their devices for purposes other than learning.(這意味著無論何時學生做作業(yè)，他們都將面臨使用他們的設備而不是學習的問題)”可知，學生作家庭作業(yè)時面臨的問題是將設備用于學習以外的目的。故答案為：The problem is using their devices for purposes other than learning./They are faced with the problem of using their devices for purposes other than learning./They use their devices for purposes other than learning.
【37題詳解】
考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段的“students spend up to 45% of their homework time on various tasks unrelated to their studies. Students often get distracted(分神)by their phones or use their laptops for unauthorized(未經(jīng)許可的)activities. Often, students think that they are able to multitask effectively, without sacrificing their studies. However, the research shows that it is true in only 5% of all cases.(學生們把多達45%的家庭作業(yè)時間花在與學業(yè)無關的各種任務上。學生們經(jīng)常被他們的手機或使用筆記本電腦進行未經(jīng)授權的活動分散注意力。通常，學生們認為他們能夠有效地同時處理多項任務，而不會犧牲學業(yè)。然而，研究表明，只有5%的情況是正確的)”可知，多任務處理會影響學生，是因為學生經(jīng)常因使用手機或筆記本電腦進行未經(jīng)授權的活動而分心，甚至在多任務處理時犧牲學業(yè)。故答案為：Students often get distracted by using their phones or their laptops for unauthorized activities and even sacrifice their studies while multitasking.
【38題詳解】
考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段的“Another reason why students multitask is that they simply do not see the negative impact it has on their coursework. Teenagers often overrate their abilities. (學生們一心多用的另一個原因是他們根本看不到這對他們的課程作業(yè)有負面影響。青少年常常高估自己的能力)”可知，學生選擇多任務是因為有時他們沒有意識到這會對他們的課業(yè)產(chǎn)生負面影響。因此錯誤的部分是“even though they are aware that they might get distracted.”。根據(jù)本文，學生選擇多任務是因為他們沒有意識到這會對他們的可也產(chǎn)生負面影響。故答案為：Students choose to multitask even though they are aware that they might get distracted. According to the passage, students choose to multitask because they are unaware that they might get distracted./Another reason the students multitask is that they simply do not see the negative impact it has on their coursework./According to the passage, many students are not aware that they might get distracted by multitasking./According to the passage, they often overrate their abilities, unaware that they might get distracted by multitasking.
【39題詳解】
開放性題目。結合文章內(nèi)容，答案符合邏輯即可，注意字數(shù)。例如：我會設定我的學術目標，這有助于我找到適當?shù)姆椒▉韺Ｗ⒂谖业膶W習。此外，我會遠離導致多任務處理的設備。有了他們，我就不會被不必要的信息分心。/我總是在做作業(yè)時關掉手機，以避免多任務處理。由于無法使用手機，我不會不時查看社交媒體上的更新。此外，沒有電話里的大量信息，我可以很好地集中精力工作。故答案為：I would set my academic goal, which helps me find appropriate ways to focus on my study. Additionally, I would keep away from the devices causing multitasking. With them out of reach, I would not be distracted by the unnecessary information. /I always switch off my phone while doing homework to avoid multitasking. Without access to the phone, I won’t check the updates on social media from time to time. Besides, without the ocean of information from the phone, I can concentrate on my work well.
第二節(jié)(20分)
40. 假設你是紅星中學高二學生李華。學校下個月將舉辦英文短劇大賽。作為班長，你打算邀請外教Mr.Jenson幫助指導你班的英文短劇表演。請你用英文給他寫一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 指導的具體內(nèi)容;
2. 排練安排和其他注意事項。
注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右;
2. 開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。
提示詞：
rehearse—to practise or make people practise something such as a play or concert in order to prepare for a public performance
rehearsal—a time when all the people in a play, concert etc. practise before a public performance
Dear Mr. Jenson,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Jenson,
Hope this letter finds you well. With the English Drama Competition coming next month, I am writing to invite you to give us instructions on our play.
Firstly, could you proofread and polish our script? Your insights are highly appreciated as always. Moreover, we will be honored if you could help improve our pronunciation and acting during the rehearsal.
We plan to rehearse twice a week in the dancing studio. Just a little friendly reminder, masks are required in the studio for precaution. Our first meeting will be at 6 p.m. next Monday. Will you be available then?
We would appreciate it if you could come.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導語】本篇書面表達屬于應用文。要求考生給外教Mr.Jenson寫一封電子郵件，邀請他幫助指導英語短劇表演，內(nèi)容包括指導的具體內(nèi)容、排練安排和其他的注意事項。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
到來：come →draw near
校對：proofread →check upon
此外：moreover →what’s more
改善：improve →enhance
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復合句
原句：We plan to rehearse twice a week in the dancing studio.
拓展句：We plan to rehearse twice a week in the dancing studio, which makes sure everything will go smoothly.
【點睛】【高分句型1】With the English Drama Competition coming next month, I am writing to invite you to give us instructions on our play.（運用了with的復合結構）
【高分句型2】Moreover, we will be honored if you could help improve our pronunciation and acting during the rehearsal.（運用了if引導的條件狀語從句）
聽力答案：1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. A 12. B
13. limit(s) 14. separate 15. regular 16. Avoid

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