?大興區(qū)2022~2023學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末檢測試卷
高二英語
第一部分知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),30分)
第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
My Olympic dream began a few years after I started ski jumping. The Sochi Games are the first time women ski jumpers are____1____to compete for gold. Before that my Olympic dream was just impossible. So I dearly wanted a(n) ____2____ on this historic team. But first, I had to overcome the worst day of my life.
Five months before the Games, an unimaginable amount of____3____overtook me during my training—my right knee was severely broken. Lying there, a sense of despair seized me, and I thought my dream was all over.
To my surprise, my doctor told me that it was still____4____to make it to Sochi. He said that if anyone could come back in time, it would be me. I took his words to heart, and decided I wouldn’t let anything____5____ me.
The road to my full ____6____demanded hard work. I couldn’t control how quickly my body healed, but I could____7____ myself to workouts and rehab (康復(fù)治療). I____8____hours and hours at the gym. Despite all the sweat, I was____9____about the outcome due to my injury. However, I was all in because I knew that I had to work hard so that I could have a chance to prove myself.
_____10_____, my hard work paid off. I passed the strength tests and was named to the 2014 Sochi Olympic team.
1. A. convinced B. allowed C. forced D. attracted
2. A. place B. model C. bet D. advertisement
3. A. interest B. excitement C. pain D. expectation
4. A. difficult B. possible C. important D. necessary
5. A. test B. refuse C. stop D. blame
6. A. competition B. challenge C. speed D. recovery
7. A. owe B. devote C. admit D. commend
8. A. waited for B. cut down C. put in D. brought in
9. A. unsure B. hopeful C. crazy D. curious
10. A. Constantly B. Occasionally C. Definitely D. Fortunately
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了作者作為跳臺滑雪運(yùn)動員的奧運(yùn)夢想。索契冬奧會是首個允許女子跳臺滑雪運(yùn)動員參與的奧運(yùn)會。然而作者因?yàn)橛?xùn)練受傷，擔(dān)心自己錯過參賽機(jī)會，好在通過積極的康復(fù)訓(xùn)練，她終于能夠如愿參加奧運(yùn)會。
【1題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：索契冬奧會是首個允許女子跳臺滑雪運(yùn)動員參與競爭金牌的奧運(yùn)會。A. convinced使信服；B. allowed允許；C. forced迫使；D. attracted吸引。由下文的“Before that my Olympic dream was just impossible.(在那之前，我的奧運(yùn)夢想是不可能的)”可知，索契冬奧會是首個允許女子跳臺滑雪運(yùn)動員參與的奧運(yùn)會。故選B項(xiàng)。
【2題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以我非常想在有歷史意義的運(yùn)動員隊中占有一席之地。A. place地方；B. model模范；C. bet打賭；D. advertisement廣告。由上文的“My Olympic dream began a few years after I started ski jumping.(我開始跳臺滑雪幾年后，我的奧運(yùn)夢想就開始了)”和“Before that my Olympic dream was just impossible.(在那之前，我的奧運(yùn)夢想是不可能的)”可知，作者非?？粗剡@次冬奧會，可得出作者很想要在這次奧運(yùn)會中獲得一席之地。故選A項(xiàng)。
【3題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：距離奧運(yùn)會還有五個月，我在訓(xùn)練時感到了難以想象的疼痛，我的右膝嚴(yán)重骨折。A. interest興趣；B. excitement興奮；C. pain疼痛；D. expectation期待。由下文的“my right knee was severely broken”可知，作者的膝蓋受傷嚴(yán)重，可得出在一次訓(xùn)練中，巨大的疼痛向作者襲來。故選C項(xiàng)。
【4題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：令我驚訝的是，我的醫(yī)生告訴我，去索契還是有可能的。A. difficult困難的；B. possible可能的；C. important重要的；D. necessary必要的。由上文的“I thought my dream was all over.(我以為我的夢想已經(jīng)結(jié)束了)”和下文的“He said that if anyone could come back in time, it would be me.(他說，如果有人能及時返回賽場，那就是我)”可知，作者認(rèn)為自己的奧運(yùn)夢結(jié)束了，但醫(yī)生認(rèn)為作者還是有可能參加索契冬奧會的，呼應(yīng)上文“To my surprise”作者聽到醫(yī)生話的驚訝感。故選B項(xiàng)。
【5題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我把他的話銘記在心，決定不會讓任何事情阻止我。A. test測試；B. refuse拒絕；C. stop阻止；D. blame責(zé)備。由上文語境可知，作者是有可能及時返回賽場的，所以有奧運(yùn)夢的作者不會讓任何事情阻止自己返回賽場。故選C項(xiàng)。
【6題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我完全康復(fù)的道路需要努力。A. competition比賽；B. challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C. speed速度；D. recovery恢復(fù)。由下文的“demanded hard work”和“I couldn’t control how quickly my body healed, but I could____7____ myself to workouts and rehab (康復(fù)治療).(我無法控制自己的身體恢復(fù)得有多快，但我可以____7____到鍛煉和康復(fù)中。)”可知，此處表示在康復(fù)之路上作者需要付出很多努力。故選D項(xiàng)。
【7題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我無法控制自己的身體恢復(fù)得有多快，但我可以全身心投入到鍛煉和康復(fù)中。A. owe欠；B. devote致力于；C. admit承認(rèn)；D. commend贊揚(yáng)。由but表轉(zhuǎn)折可知，雖然作者無法掌控自己身體痊愈的時間，但作者可以全力投入到訓(xùn)練和康復(fù)治療中去，devote oneself to sth.為固定短語，意為“專心致志做某事”。故選B項(xiàng)。
【8題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我在健身房花了好幾個小時。A. waited for等待；B. cut down砍倒；C. put in投入（時間或精力）；D. brought in引入。由上文語境和“hours and hours at the gym”可知，作者全身心投入于康復(fù)訓(xùn)練中，可得出作者在健身房度過（投入）了很長時間。故選C項(xiàng)。
【9題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管出了很多汗，但由于受傷，我不確定結(jié)果。A. unsure不確定的；B. hopeful有希望的；C. crazy瘋狂的；D. curious好奇的。由上文的“Despite all the sweat”和下文的“due to my injury”可知，盡管作者付出了很多努力，但是作者不知道自己的傷勢到底恢復(fù)的如何。故選A項(xiàng)。
【10題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，我的努力得到了回報。A. Constantly不斷地；B. Occasionally偶爾地；C. Definitely肯定地；D. Fortunately幸運(yùn)地。由下文的“my hard work paid off. I passed the strength tests and was named to the 2014 Sochi Olympic team.(我的努力得到了回報。我通過了力量測試，入選了2014年索契奧運(yùn)會代表隊)”可知，作者受傷后努力康復(fù)，終于成功入選了2014年索契奧運(yùn)會代表，這是一件幸運(yùn)的事。故選D項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)語法填空(共 10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)
A
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Laughter can help us to feel more____11____ (relax) and comfortable when we are feeling anxious or worried. Even if you____12____ (study) for a long time and feeling sleepy and bored, laughing can make you feel energized as if you had just had a nap! There are so many____13____ (benefit) of laughter that I hope you all try and find a way to add more fun and laughter to your daily life.
【答案】11. relaxed
12. have been studying
13. benefits
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了笑的好處。
【11題詳解】
考查形容詞比較級。句意：當(dāng)我們感到焦慮或擔(dān)憂時，笑可以幫助我們感到更加放松和舒適。修飾人，用-ed形容詞relaxed，結(jié)合more可知，用形容詞比較級more relaxed作表語。故填relaxed。
【12題詳解】
考查時態(tài)。句意：即使你已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了很長時間，感到困倦和無聊，大笑也會讓你感覺精力充沛，就像剛剛小睡過一樣！結(jié)合時間狀語for a long time和現(xiàn)在分詞feeling可知，用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時（has/have been doing）表示動作從過去某個時刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，甚至將來，強(qiáng)調(diào)進(jìn)行的過程，主語you，用助動詞have。故填have been studying。
【13題詳解】
考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：笑聲有很多好處，我希望你們都能找到一種方法，為日常生活增添更多樂趣和歡笑。由many修飾，用可數(shù)名詞benefit的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填benefits。
B
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Being a marine researcher is something that I’ve always dreamed of. I work with a team of scientists, ____14____are all experts in their fields, on an international project. I’m currently based in Argentina, which is in South America, studying sea temperatures from Antarctica. Unfortunately, there____15____ (be) a significant rise in temperatures over the past 50 years, which is clearly linked to human activity. I hope by educating people about this and sharing research we can work together as a global community____16____ (protect) our planet.
【答案】14. who
15. has been
16 to protect
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。本文是作者作為一名海洋研究員對工作經(jīng)歷方面的分享。
【14題詳解】
考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：我與一個科學(xué)家團(tuán)隊合作，他們都是各自領(lǐng)域的專家，參與一個國際項(xiàng)目?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞a team of scientists，指人，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，用關(guān)系代詞who。故填who。
【15題詳解】
考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：不幸的是，過去50年來氣溫顯著升高，這顯然與人類活動有關(guān)。該空作謂語，由時間狀語over the past 50 years可知，謂語時態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語a significant rise in temperatures單數(shù)，助動詞have應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。故填has been。
【16題詳解】
考查不定式。句意：我希望通過教育人們這方面的知識并分享研究成果，我們可以作為一個全球社區(qū)共同努力來保護(hù)我們的星球。protect用不定式形式作目的狀語。故填to protect。
C
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
As is known to all, a positive parent-child relationship is beneficial to the physical and mental growth of children, but____17____ (keep) a healthy parent-child bond needs the efforts of both parties. Parents should take the____18____ (responsible) to improve their relationship with the children. What matters is spending quality time with____19____ (they) children, however tight their schedule is. Children, on the other hand, should let their parents know they appreciate ____20____ their parents have done for them.
【答案】17. keeping
18. responsibility
19. their 20. what
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何維持健康的親子關(guān)系。
【17題詳解】
考查動名詞。句意：眾所周知，積極的親子關(guān)系有利于孩子的身心成長，但保持健康的親子關(guān)系需要雙方的努力。keep用動名詞形式作主語。故填keeping。
【18題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：父母應(yīng)該承擔(dān)起改善與孩子關(guān)系的責(zé)任。此處應(yīng)用名詞responsibility作賓語，take the responsibility to do固定搭配，意為“承擔(dān)責(zé)任做某事”。故填responsibility。
【19題詳解】
考查代詞。句意：重要的是，無論他們的日程安排多么緊湊，都要有質(zhì)量的時間陪伴孩子。形容詞性物主代詞their修飾名詞children。故填their。
【20題詳解】
考查賓語從句連接詞。句意：另一方面，孩子們應(yīng)該讓父母知道，他們很感激父母為他們所做一切。該空引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句缺乏賓語，意為“……的事情”，用連接代詞what。故填what。
第二部分閱讀理解( 共兩節(jié),40分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,共30分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡，上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
Four Soccer Clubs for Kids in New York City
Soccer is a sport loved by many kids, families and countries. Here are four soccer clubs that are great for kids throughout New York City.
Stellar Soccer
Address: 1047 Amsterdam Ave
Stellar Soccer was created and taught by early-childhood educators. All classes are held outdoors and are for children aged 2 to 8 years old. No experience is necessary and players of all skill sets are welcome. They offer private lessons on the weekdays and public lessons on the weekends. They also have programs for boys and girls individually.
Soccer Friends USA
Address: 106-06 Queens Blvd, Forest Hills
Soccer Friends USA offers soccer programs for kids aged 18 months to 14 years old. Their philosophy is that the best way for young children to learn soccer is by having fun! Children here are able to learn the game of soccer in a non-competitive environment. In order to teach kids how to play, they believe as teachers they need to have good social skills and a talent for teaching.
Downtown United Soccer Club
Address: 527 Hudson St
Downtown United Soccer Club values friendship and good sportsmanship in a caring and supportive way for every player. Training is offered to players of all ages and genders (性別). They hope to develop a community that helps children develop their lifelong love for the game of soccer.
Coney Island Cyclones Soccer Club
Address: Bill Brown Playground, 4475, Brooklyn
Coney Island Cyclones Soccer Club provides soccer training for kids aged 3 to 15 years old. Their programs include a soccer academy (學(xué)院), as well as winter and summer camps that have indoor and outdoor facilities. Their goal is to teach young players the values of sportsmanship, teamwork, self-confidence and respect.
21. Where is Stellar Soccer?
A. In Amsterdam Ave. B. In Forest Hills.
C. In Hudson St. D. In Bill Brown Playground.
22. Which soccer club can a 16-year-old kid join?
A. Stellar Soccer. B. Soccer Friends USA.
C. Downtown United Soccer Club. D. Coney Island Cyclones Soccer Club.
23. What does Coney Island Cyclones Soccer Club provide?
A. Training for all ages. B. Winter and summer camps.
C. A non-competitive environment. D. Programs for boys and girls individually.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。短文介紹了紐約市的四個兒童足球俱樂部的相關(guān)信息。
【21題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Stellar Soccer部分“Address: 1047 Amsterdam Ave”可知，Stellar Soccer位于Amsterdam Ave。故選A項(xiàng)。
【22題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Downtown United Soccer Club部分“Training is offered to players of all ages and genders (性別).(訓(xùn)練面向所有年齡和性別的球員)”可知，16歲的小孩可以加入Downtown United Soccer Club。故選C項(xiàng)。
【23題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Coney Island Cyclones Soccer Club部分“Their programs include a soccer academy (學(xué)院), as well as winter and summer camps that have indoor and outdoor facilities.(他們的項(xiàng)目包括一個足球?qū)W校，以及有室內(nèi)和室外設(shè)施的冬季和夏季營地)”可知，Coney Island Cyclones Soccer Club會組織冬令營和夏令營。故選B項(xiàng)。
B
Until quarantine (隔離期) ends, we are left picturing what sport we might do: working out at the gym, playing on a competitive sports team, swimming, biking, or rock climbing. However, we don’t often think of martial arts as possible activities; instead, we rule it out because we think it’s dangerous, uncommon, and even, impossible. Martial arts aren’t considered a sport, right?
Well, here’s some good news: you’re wrong! Martial arts aren’t much more common than people think, and you can start learning at any age. Practicing martial arts is a great way to keep in shape, both physically and mentally. They’re much less boring and much less arduous sport than they’re usually described as in movies, so do not worry that they need a lot of effort.
Martial arts generally require you to focus on the position and movement of every one of your legs and arms, sometimes even your breathing too. Think about it: when you leave the gym, your mental state has improved and you are much calmer. This is because you’ve only paid attention to one activity. It is a great way to clear your head. And practicing it can help you learn to stay more focused, which is the greatest advantage of martial arts training.
Martial arts also improve your coordination (協(xié)調(diào)性), and greatly improve your posture (姿勢). I have personally seen students go from slouching (沒精打采) to walking tall with their shoulders back in just a couple of months.
There are many styles and countless kinds of martial arts. Whichever one you like better, know that all of them are good choices.
24. What can we know about martial arts from the first two paragraphs?
A. They often have people hurt. B. They are difficult to practice.
C. People have a wrong view on it. D. People practice them more often.
25 What does the underlined word “arduous” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Interesting. B. Difficult. C. Friendly. D. Exciting.
26. What is the biggest benefit of practicing martial arts?
A. Adjusting the breath. B. Enjoying one’s free time.
C. Correcting the movement. D. Keeping one’s attention.
27. What does the writer think of martial arts?
A. They are not sports. B. They attracted many teenagers.
C. They are beneficial and helpful. D. They were invented to protect others.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. C
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了武術(shù)對人的好處，并建議讀者選擇武術(shù)作為體育鍛煉的方式。
【24題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“However, we don’t often think of martial arts as possible activities; instead, we rule it out because we think it’s dangerous, uncommon, and even, impossible. Martial arts aren’t considered a sport, right?（然而，我們通常不認(rèn)為武術(shù)是可能的活動；相反，我們排除了它，因?yàn)槲覀冋J(rèn)為它是危險的，不尋常的，甚至是不可能的。武術(shù)不被認(rèn)為是一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動，對吧?）”和文章第二段“Well, here’s some good news: you’re wrong!（好吧，這里有一些好消息:你錯了?。笨芍?，通過前兩段我們可以知道人們對武術(shù)的觀點(diǎn)是錯誤的。故選C。
【25題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)下文“so do not worry that they need a lot of effort.（所以不要擔(dān)心它們需要付出很多努力。）”可知，劃線詞所在句子意為“與電影中描述的相比，它們并沒有那么無聊，也沒有那么困難”，arduous意為“困難的”。故選B。
【26題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“And practicing it can help you learn to stay more focused, which is the greatest advantage of martial arts training.（練習(xí)它可以幫助你學(xué)會更專注，這是武術(shù)訓(xùn)練的最大優(yōu)勢。）”可知，練武術(shù)的最大好處是保持注意力。故選D。
【27題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Practicing martial arts is a great way to keep in shape, both physically and mentally.（練習(xí)武術(shù)是保持身體和精神健康的好方法。）”、文章第三段“And practicing it can help you learn to stay more focused, which is the greatest advantage of martial arts training.（練習(xí)它可以幫助你學(xué)會更專注，這是武術(shù)訓(xùn)練的最大優(yōu)勢。）”和文章第四段“Martial arts also improve your coordination (協(xié)調(diào)性), and greatly improve your posture (姿勢).（武術(shù)還可以提高你的協(xié)調(diào)性，并極大地改善你的姿勢。）”可推知，作者認(rèn)為他們是有益的和有幫助的。故選C。
C
Increasingly over the last few years, we have become familiar with the range of small electronic devices or "smart" accessories (附件). Pocket heart-rate monitors for joggers and electronic maps are just the first examples of many new products that promise to change our lives in all sorts of surprising ways.
As a scientist at New York University, Rosalind Picard tries out different smart accessories before they go on the market. One of these was the so-called "frown headband". Rosalind was shocked to realize just how often she frowned stuck in a traffic jam recently, Rosalind kept hearing the sounds of the tiny sensor inside the band worn around her forehead-each time she frowned in annoyance, the sensor gave out a signal.
Another computer scientist, Steven Feiner, is working on a pair of glasses that will do more than help you to see. Imagine you want to try a restaurant in a foreign city but you're not familiar with the dishes on the menu. If you are wearing a pair of steven's glasses, all you have to do is glance above the restaurant's doorway and your glasses will immediately become windows to the Internet, offering you full details of the meals served inside. The glasses could also be used to help people make speeches, give chefs access to the latest recipes and even provide doctors with patient information while they carry out operations.
At the moment, steven's invention looks more like a large skin mask than a pair of glasses. It's a headset collected to a hand held computer and a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, which tracks the wearer's position. But he says that these head-worn displays will eventually get smaller and lighter as technology improves.
And, of course, this new technology has a fashionable as well as a useful application. A chemical engineer named Robert Langer has invented a new microchip that, if put inside a ring, can give off different smells according to a person's mood. That, of course, may or may not appeal to you. And, in the end, it is shoppers not scientists, who will determine which of these smart accessories will succeed as fashionable items and which are sure to join history's long list of crazy inventions.
It is clear, however, that as computers get smaller and cheaper, they will pop up in all sorts of easily-wearable accessories, even in the buttons on your coat. What's more, this is something that's going to happen a lot sooner than we all expect.
28. How does the second paragraph develop?
A. By analyzing the cause B. By giving an example.
C. By making comparison. D. By following time order.
29. Steven's glasses can do the following except _________.
A. Try and taste the dishes for people in a restaurant.
B. Offer chefs details about the latest recipes.
C. Give patient information to doctors.
D. Provide customers with the information on the meals.
30. In general, what does the writer think about smart accessories?
A. Much more research is needed into them. B. They will soon be widely available.
C. Only a few of them will appeal to shoppers D. Most of them are considered to be crazy inventions.
31. What's the writer's purpose in writing this passage?
A. To advertise some smart accessories. B. To argue that smart accessories are fashionable.
C. To introduce the idea of smart accessories. D. To tell interesting stories about smart accessories.
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. B 31. C
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。全文主要介紹了近幾年廣受人們歡迎的智能附件。它們用途各異，但都讓我們的生活更加美好。于文章結(jié)尾處，作者展望了智能附件更光明的未來。
【28題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“As a scientist at New York University, Rosalind Picard tries out different smart accessories before they go on the market. One of these was the so-called "frown headband". Rosalind was shocked to realize just how often she frowned stuck in a traffic jam recently, Rosalind kept hearing the sounds of the tiny sensor inside the band worn around her forehead-each time she frowned in annoyance, the sensor gave out a signal.(作為紐約大學(xué)的一名科學(xué)家， Rosalind Picard在各種智能配件上市之前會對它們進(jìn)行嘗試。其中之一就是所謂的“皺眉發(fā)帶”。Rosalind很震驚地意識到，她最近在交通堵塞時多么頻繁地皺起眉頭，Rosalind一直聽到戴在額頭上的帶內(nèi)的微型傳感器發(fā)出的聲音——每當(dāng)她煩惱地皺起眉頭時，傳感器就發(fā)出信號)”可知，第二段是通過舉例子展開的。故選B。
【29題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“If you are wearing a pair of steven's glasses, all you have to do is glance above the restaurant's doorway and your glasses will immediately become windows to the Internet, offering you full details of the meals served inside. The glasses could also be used to help people make speeches, give chefs access to the latest recipes and even provide doctors with patient information while they carry out operations. (如果你戴著史蒂文的眼鏡，你所要做的就是朝餐廳門口上方掃一眼，你的眼鏡就會立即成為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的窗口，為你提供餐廳提供的食物的詳細(xì)信息。這種眼鏡還可以用來幫助人們演講，讓廚師獲得最新的食譜，甚至在醫(yī)生進(jìn)行手術(shù)時提供患者信息)”可知，史蒂文的眼鏡可以向廚師提供最新食譜的詳細(xì)信息、把病人信息給醫(yī)生和為顧客提供餐食信息。除了A選項(xiàng)“在餐館里試著品嘗人們喜歡的菜肴”。故選A。
【30題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“It is clear, however, that as computers get smaller and cheaper, they will pop up in all sorts of easily-wearable accessories, even in the buttons on your coat. What's more, this is something that's going to happen a lot sooner than we all expect. (顯而易見的是，隨著電腦越來越小巧、便宜，他們會以各種各樣的便攜式配飾的形式層出不窮，甚至被放置在你的衣服的紐扣里。此外，它們會比我們預(yù)想的更快被廣泛使用)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為這些智能配飾會在不久的將來，廣泛地進(jìn)入我們的日常生活。故選B。
【31題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Increasingly over the last few years, we have become familiar with the range of small electronic devices or "smart" accessories (附件).(在過去的這幾年中，我們對各種小巧的電子設(shè)備或智能附件越來越熟悉)”結(jié)合全文主要介紹了近幾年廣受人們歡迎的智能附件。它們用途各異，但都讓我們的生活更加美好。于文章結(jié)尾處，作者展望了智能附件更光明的未來?？芍髡邔戇@篇文章的主要用意是向讀者介紹近幾年廣受歡迎的智能附件，故選C。
D
Sleeping with a dim light like a television or nightlight is enough to the raise blood sugar and heart rates of healthy people, according to a new study. Light helps our body maintain an internal clock, but artificial light at night can interrupt the rest and repair that should happen during the sleep. New research suggests that even when our eyes are closed, a small amount of light can disrupt the way our bodies normally keep our blood sugar within a healthy range.
In the study published in Sciences on Monday, scientists asked 20 participants ages 19 to 36 to spend two nights in their lab. On the first night of sleep, the volunteers slept in a very dark room. For their second night of sleep, half of the group snoozed with a small light like the glow of television at night, or streetlights through a window—and half spent their second night in a dark room.
During the trial, all participants were connected to devices that measured different markers of their sleep quality. They were each connected via a special tube, allowing researchers to collect samples without waking the individual. Researchers also recorded participants’ heart rates and brain waves.
When the volunteers awoke in the morning, the team tested their blood sugar and found that participants that slept in rooms with a dim light spent less time in deep sleep. In addition to having slightly worse blood sugar control, the group exposed to dim light had a higher heart rate on average. “By comparison, those that spend two nights in the dark room had little difference in their blood sugar control. They thought they slept well, but your brain knows that the lights are on,” says Zee, “you should clearly pay attention to the light in your bedroom. If you can’t give up your night light, keep it dim and at floor level.”
Earlier work has linked exposure to light during sleep to an increased risk of obesity in women. Zee recommends, “make sure that you start dimming your lights at least an hour or two before you go to bed to prepare your environment for sleep.”
32. What did the underlined word “disrupt” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. bother B. keep C. disagree D. follow
33. How did the researchers draw a conclusion from the study?
A. By analyzing the data from scientific texts. B. By conducting the experiments.
C. Using questionnaires. D. By comparing earlier work.
34. What did the study find if the participants slept in dark rooms?
A. The participants would have a higher heart rate.
B. The participants would have higher blood sugar.
C. The participants’ blood sugar control would not change.
D. The participants actually sleep more than average.
35. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Sleeping With a Dim Light Can Raise Health Problems
B. How to Sleep Well With a Dim Light
C. Sleep Well, Eat Well, Good Health
D. The Darker, the Lower Blood Sugar
【答案】32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】文章為一篇說明文，介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于燈光與睡眠關(guān)系的科學(xué)研究。
【32題詳解】
詞句猜測題。由第一段“Light helps our body maintain an internal clock, but artificial light at night can interrupt the rest and repair that should happen during the sleep.”（光線幫助我們的身體維持內(nèi)部時鐘，但夜間的人造光線會打斷睡眠期間的休息和修復(fù)。）及“the way our bodies normally keep our blood sugar within a healthy range”（我們的身體正常地將血糖控制在健康范圍內(nèi)的方式）可知，夜晚的燈光可能會影響身體的修復(fù)，影響正常的生理功能。劃線詞disrupt與bother意思相近，表示“影響、打擾”。故選A項(xiàng)。
33題詳解】
推理判斷題。由第二段“In the study published in Sciences on Monday, scientists asked 20 participants ages 19 to 36 to spend two nights in their lab.”（在周一發(fā)表在《科學(xué)》雜志上的這項(xiàng)研究中，科學(xué)家們讓20名年齡在19歲至36歲的參與者在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里待了兩晚。）和第三段“During the trial, all participants were connected to devices that measured different markers of their sleep quality.”（在試驗(yàn)期間，所有參與者都被連接到測量他們睡眠質(zhì)量不同指標(biāo)的設(shè)備上。）可知，研究團(tuán)隊采用了實(shí)驗(yàn)法來得出研究的結(jié)論。故選B項(xiàng)。
【34題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段“By comparison, those that spend two nights in the dark room had little difference in their blood sugar control.”（相比之下，那些在黑房間里待了兩晚的人，他們的血糖控制差別不大。）可知，連續(xù)在黑房間睡兩晚的人血糖控制沒有變化。故選C項(xiàng)。
【35題詳解】
主旨大意題。由第一段“Sleeping with a dim light like a television or nightlight is enough to the raise blood sugar and heart rates of healthy people, according to a new study. Light helps our body maintain an internal clock, but artificial light at night can interrupt the rest and repair that should happen during the sleep.”（一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，在像電視或夜燈這樣昏暗的燈光下睡覺，足以提高健康人群的血糖和心率。光線幫助我們的身體維持內(nèi)部時鐘，但夜間的人造光線會打斷睡眠期間的休息和修復(fù)。）及全文內(nèi)容可知， 文章主要介紹了在微弱的燈光下睡覺對健康的影響的相關(guān)性研究。A選項(xiàng)“Sleeping With a Dim Light Can Raise Health Problems”（在昏暗的燈光下睡覺會引發(fā)健康問題）符合全文主旨。故選A項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,共10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的七個選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
How to Get Along With Friends
Friendships can have a major impact on your health and happiness, but it’s not always easy to develop friendships. The following are some tips for you.
Be positive
____36____. If you’re someone who likes to discuss hopeless-sounding situations, that’s OK, but remember to talk about more cheerful topics, too. Discussing books or sharing funny stories are better for your friendships. Of course, if something bad happens, it’s OK to ask your friends for support. You’re not expected to be positive all the time.
____37____
Listening helps you learn about your friends and support them when they need it. Give your friends your full attention, and make mental notes about the important things in their lives—like the names of their loved ones, things they like and major things that have happened or are happening in their lives. ____38____, don’t immediately share your experiences or advice. Instead, ask them, “How are you feeling about it?” or “What do you plan to do about that?”
Make time for each other
Spending time with your friends has a huge impact, whether it’s for a few minutes or for several hours. ____39____. If you can’t easily see your friends in person, try texting each other or having video calls. It certainly doesn’t replace an in-person hangout, but it’s a good way to keep in touch.
Calmly discuss problems one-on-one
If your friends are doing something that’s bothering you, it doesn’t help to give them the silent treatment or leave them out. Instead, talk to them one-on-one about what’s bothering you, and calmly share how you feel about it. For example, if your friends have given you an embarrassing (令人尷尬的) nickname, pull them aside and say, “I know you’re trying to be funny, but when you call me that, I get really embarrassed. ____40____.”
A. Listen to them
B. Please don’t call me that
C. Focusing on the upside makes you a better friend
D. If you answer telephone calls only during certain hours
E. If your friend shares something that they’re struggling with
F. Talking directly to your friend is the best way to solve an issue
G. Schedule fun activities with your friends, or just find time to talk for a while
【答案】36. C 37. A 38. E 39. G 40. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要給出了幾個發(fā)展友誼的建議，包括要樂觀積極、為彼此留出時間等等。
【36題詳解】
根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題Be positive以及空后“If you’re someone who likes to discuss hopeless-sounding situations, that’s OK, but remember to talk about more cheerful topics, too.”（如果你是一個喜歡討論絕望情勢的人，沒有問題，但是請記得也要談?wù)摿钊苏駣^的話題）”可知，本段講述與朋友相處要積極樂觀，因此推斷C項(xiàng)“Focusing on the upside makes you a better friend”（關(guān)注積極的一面會讓你成為一個更好的朋友）符合語境，引出下文的具體解釋。故選C項(xiàng)。
【37題詳解】
空處是段落小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)空后“Listening helps you learn about your friends and support them when they need it. ”（聆聽幫助你了解你的朋友并且在他們需要傾聽的時候支持他們）可知，此處建議學(xué)習(xí)傾聽，A項(xiàng)“Listen to them”（傾聽他們）為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。
【38題詳解】
根據(jù)空后“don’t immediately share your experiences or advice. Instead, ask them, 'How are you feeling about it?' or 'What do you plan to do about that?'”（不要立刻分享你的經(jīng)驗(yàn)或者建議。相反，問問他們，“你對此感覺如何”或者“你打算怎么做”）可知，空處是朋友分享了他們糾結(jié)的事情，下文是作者的建議，故E項(xiàng)“If your friend shares something that they’re struggling with”（如果你的朋友分享了讓他們糾結(jié)的事情）前后存在條件關(guān)系，符合語義邏輯。故選E項(xiàng)。
【39題詳解】
根據(jù)空前“Spending time with your friends has a huge impact, whether it’s for a few minutes or for several hours.”（花時間和朋友在一起有很大的影響，無論是幾分鐘還是幾個小時。）可知，此處指給予學(xué)生陪伴，G項(xiàng)“Schedule fun activities with your friends, or just find time to talk for a while”（和朋友一起安排有趣的活動，或者找時間聊聊天）剛好對應(yīng)前面和朋友呆在一起。故選G項(xiàng)。
【40題詳解】
根據(jù)空前“For example, if your friends have given you an embarrassing (令人尷尬的) nickname, pull them aside and say,I know you’re trying to be funny, but when you call me that, I get really embarrassed.”（例如，如果你的朋友給了你一個令人尷尬的昵稱，那就把他們拉到一邊，說，“我知道你在努力變得有趣，但是當(dāng)你那樣叫我的時候，我覺得很尷尬”）講述朋友稱呼你綽號讓你尷尬，你可以告訴他你會尷尬，請他不要稱呼，因此推斷B項(xiàng)“Please don’t call me that”（請不要那樣叫我）與前句之間存在因果關(guān)系，符合語義邏輯。故選B項(xiàng)。
第三部分書面表達(dá)(共兩 節(jié),30分)
第一節(jié)閱讀表達(dá)(共4小題;第41、42題各2分,第43.44題各3分,共10分)。
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。
The Olympic medal ceremonies have already begun. But some athletes hardly disguise (掩飾) their disappointment when silver is hung around their necks. The British judo (柔道) silver medalist Neil Adams calls his two from the 1980s “l(fā)oser’s medals” .
Until twelve years ago, they were in a box at the back of a cupboard. His wife then had them framed for his 50th birthday and they are now up on the wall.
Adams feels proud when he looks at them, but his thoughts quickly turn to “what ifs”. “I wouldn’t change much,” he adds. And he wouldn’t need to. Gold was within his grasp twice, but slipped away by a narrow margin on the judo mat.
“The losses at the Olympic Games were the most difficult thing for me to accept,” he said. “I didn’t win the silver medal. I lost the gold. In my mind they were losses. It has taken more than 30 years to get over it.”
Mark Cavendish, Jessica Ennis and Mo Farah have never won the Olympic gold, but they came into London in 2012 as three of Team GB’s biggest medal hopes. Unfortunately, Cavendish has already suffered disappointment in the cycling road race. Neil Adams was in that same position in both the 1980 and 1984 Games. However, in a career in which he collected every other judo accolade (榮譽(yù)), things simply went wrong at the Olympics.
In Moscow 1980, Adams was just 21 years old and found the media focus and pressure of expectation too much.
Asked about being a favorite, Adams said, “It is hell, and about how you cope with it in the mind. It can make you afraid to win or lose and there is a difference. I was afraid to lose. Sometimes you freeze. Sometimes it takes you over.”
Adams says that he was very cautious and that when something was tactical (策略上的) and technical he approached it too tactically. Perhaps it’s better to go in with “nothing to lose” attitude. That might be the reason why the Olympic Games have often created surprising results. Sometimes it’s the ones who keep their cool and work the hardest that get the results.
41. How did Neil Adams feel about his two silver medals when he was awarded them?
__________________________________________________________________________
42. According to Neil Adams what kind of people can get surprising results at the Olympic Games?
__________________________________________________________________________
43. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
?As a young and promising athlete, Neil Adams became the media focus and he enjoyed being a favorite very much.
__________________________________________________________________________
44. Do you agree with Neil Adams’s attitude towards his two silver medals? Why or why not? (In about 40 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
【答案】41. He felt disappointed.
42. Those who keep their cool and work the hardest.
43. ?As a young and promising athlete, Neil Adams became the media focus and he enjoyed being a favorite very much.
He didn’t enjoyed being a favorite very much because it looked like a hell, which made him afraid.
44. No, I disagree with his idea of “l(fā)oser’s medals”. Because those who can get on the Olympic Games are excellent. Athletes can’t consider themselves losers just because they get a silver medal. On the contrary, they should tolerate failure.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了參加奧運(yùn)會的運(yùn)動員都希望獲得金牌，而那些與金牌失之交臂的運(yùn)動員心里是什么滋味呢？Neil Adams作為這樣的運(yùn)動員講述了自己的感受。
【41題詳解】
考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由第一段中的“But some athletes hardly disguise (掩飾) their disappointment when silver is hung around their necks. The British judo (柔道) silver medalist Neil Adams calls his two from the 1980s “l(fā)oser’s medals” . (但當(dāng)銀牌掛在脖子上時，一些運(yùn)動員很難掩飾自己的失望。英國柔道銀牌得主Neil Adams稱他在20世紀(jì)80年代的兩枚銀牌為“失敗者的獎牌”)”可知，Neil Adams在獲得兩枚銀牌時很失望。故答案為：He felt disappointed.
【42題詳解】
考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由最后一段中的“That might be the reason why the Olympic Games have often created surprising results. Sometimes it’s the ones who keep their cool and work the hardest that get the results. (這可能就是為什么奧運(yùn)會經(jīng)常產(chǎn)生令人驚訝的結(jié)果的原因。有時候，那些保持冷靜、最努力工作的人才能獲得令人驚訝的結(jié)果)”可知，Neil Adams認(rèn)為那些保持冷靜、工作最努力的人能在奧運(yùn)會上取得令人驚訝的成績。故答案為：Those who keep their cool and work the hardest.
【43題詳解】
考查推理判斷。由倒數(shù)第二段“Asked about being a favorite, Adams said, “It is hell, and about how you cope with it in the mind. It can make you afraid to win or lose and there is a difference. I was afraid to lose. Sometimes you freeze. Sometimes it takes you over.”(當(dāng)被問及成為最受歡迎的人時，Adams說：“這是地獄，以及你如何在腦海中應(yīng)對它。它會讓你害怕贏或輸，這是有區(qū)別的。我害怕輸。有時你會停滯不前。有時會讓你崩潰?！?”可知，Adams認(rèn)為成為最受歡迎的人這件事就像地獄一樣可怕，這讓他很害怕，可得出他不喜歡成為最受歡迎的人，“he enjoyed being a favorite very much”錯誤。故答案為：?As a young and promising athlete, Neil Adams became the media focus and he enjoyed being a favorite very much.
He didn’t enjoyed being a favorite very much because it looked like a hell, which made him afraid.
【44題詳解】
考查開放答題?？忌Y(jié)合文章和自身實(shí)際答題，答題思路應(yīng)以積極向上為好，如：不，我不同意他關(guān)于“失敗者的獎牌”的觀點(diǎn)。因?yàn)槟切┠軈⒓訆W運(yùn)會的人都很優(yōu)秀。運(yùn)動員不能因?yàn)楂@得銀牌就認(rèn)為自己是失敗者。相反，他們應(yīng)該容忍失敗。故答案為：No, I disagree with his idea of “l(fā)oser’s medals”. Because those who can get on the Olympic Games are excellent. Athletes can’t consider themselves losers just because they get a silver medal. On the contrary, they should tolerate failure.
第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)(滿分 20分)
45. 假定你是李華，你校將于下周五舉辦一次以“保護(hù)自然遺產(chǎn)（Protect the Natural Heritage)”為主題的講座，請你代表校學(xué)生會給你校的留學(xué)生Henry寫封信，邀請他參加該講座。內(nèi)容包括：
1.寫信目的；2.講座的時間、地點(diǎn)及意義；3.期盼回復(fù)。
注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；
2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
Dear Henry
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hue
【答案】Dear Henry,
My name is Li Hua, a member of the Students'Union. I'm writing to invite you to attend a lecture to be held by our school.
The lecture whose topic is Protect the Natural Heritage will be held from 2:30 pm to 4:30 pm next Friday in the lecture hall. We have invited Professor Li an environmentalist in our city, to give us the lecture. It can raise our environmental awareness and inspire us to think up brilliant ideas about how to protect the natural heritage around us. Therefore, I hope you can come and share your ideas with us.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文，要求考生給留學(xué)生Henry寫封信，邀請他參加學(xué)校將于下周五舉辦的一次以“保護(hù)自然遺產(chǎn)（Protect the Natural Heritage)”為主題的講座。
【詳解】1. 詞匯積累
提高：raise→boost
意識：awareness→consciousness
巧妙的：brilliant→ingenious
因此：therefore→hence
2．句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句：We have invited Professor Li, an environmentalist in our city, to give us the lecture.
拓展句：We have invited Professor Li, who is an environmentalist in our city, to give us the lecture.
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]I'm writing to invite you to attend a lecture to be held by our school. (運(yùn)用了不定式作后置定語)
[高分句型2]The lecture whose topic is Protect the Natural Heritage will be held from 2:30 pm to 4:30 pm next Friday in the lecture hall.(運(yùn)用了whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句)




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