?高二英語
注意事項:
1. 答卷前, 考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。
2. 回答選擇題時, 選出每小題答案后, 用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動, 用橡皮擦干凈后, 再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時, 將答案寫在答題卡上, 寫在本試卷上無效。
3. 考試結(jié)束后, 只交答題卡。
第一部分 聽力(共兩節(jié), 滿分30分)
做題時, 先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后, 你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié)(共5小題; 每小題1.5分, 滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題, 從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后, 你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What might the man want for supper?
A. Seafood. B. Steak. C. Noodles.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Alice, it’s already dark. I’m starving. What kind of food are you in the mood for?
W: I’d love some steak.
M: Hmm. I used to be into noodles, but now I’m crazy about seafood.
2. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What is the woman concerned about?
A. Catching a cold. B. Losing her sweater. C. Standing in a long line.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Should I bring a sweater to the concert? I don’t want to get cold while we are standing in line.
M: No. You won’t have anywhere to put it once we get inside, and I don’t want it to get lost.
3. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a gym. B. In an office. C. In a classroom.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: You are late for English class again, young man. Can’t you just make it here by the time the bell rings?
M: I’m sorry, ma’am. My gym class is on the other side of the building. I’ll try to get here earlier next time.
4. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What is the price of the day flight?
A. $360. B. $400. C. $410.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I’d like to book a ticket to New York on Flight 450 this morning.
M: I’m sorry. The day flight is full now. You only pay $360 if you take the night flight. You can save 40 dollars.
5. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What does the man think of the story?
A. It is too hard to understand.
B. The beginning is confusing.
C. The writer tells the story well.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Do you think this is a good story?
M: What I don’t understand is the beginning.
W: You mean it’s too difficult?
M: No, but I don’t know what the writer wants to tell us.
第二節(jié)(共15小題; 每小題1.5分, 滿分22.5分)
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題, 從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前, 你將有時間閱讀各個小題, “每小題5秒鐘; 聽完后, 各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

6. What’s wrong with the boys?
A. They lost a camera. B. They got sick. C. They wasted money.
7. What is the family probably going to do tomorrow?
A. Go shopping. B. Go to a bank. C. Have a birthday party.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello. Jean speaking.
M: Oh, it’s you, dear. Sorry I had to rush off this morning. How are the boys?
W: I’m taking them to the doctor at 10:00, but I’m sure they’re going to be all right.
M: That’s good. What about you?
W: Oh, I’m better now. Don’t worry. I’m going to make a birthday cake for tomorrow’s party. And I’ve bought a camera for Peter and some records for Paul.
M: You shouldn’t have done that. They need to learn how to save money. I’m going to put away some money in the bank for them.
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

8. What job is the woman applying for?
A. A gardener. B. A nurse. C. A teacher.
9. How many hours will the woman work per day?
A. Two. B. Four. C. Six.
【答案】8. C 9. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Would you please tell me why you want to work in our kindergarten? Taking care of kids is sometimes very tiring.
W: I love children I love to sing to them and teach them how to dance.
M: Then you have worked in a kindergarten before?
W: No, but I used to take care of my sister’s children during my summer and winter holidays.
M: I see. By the way, do you want to work part-time or full-time?
W: I’d prefer part-time.
M: When are you able to work?
W: I’m free every afternoon. So, I can work about 20 hours a week.
M: OK. You’re hired. You can work from 2:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m., Monday to Thursday.
W: OK. Thank you.
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

10. What day might it be yesterday?
A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Saturday.
11. What did the woman do after hearing the noise last night?
A. She went to sleep. B. She turned the light on. C. She went up for a look
12. Who is the woman probably talking to?
A. A neighbor. B. Her husband. C. A policeman.
【答案】10. C 11. A 12. C
【解析】
【原文】M: What were you doing at twelve last night?
W: I was playing cards with my kids in the living room.
M: Do your kids always go to bed that late?
W: Not on weekdays.
M: Wasn’t your husband with you then?
W: He was on business in Seattle. He will be back next Tuesday.
M: Did anything unusual happen?
W: The light suddenly went out while we were playing. We remained silent at the table for some time. After a while, we all heard glass breaking somewhere on the floor above.
M: Do you mean a window?
W: I’m not sure whether it was a window or a glass or something else.
M: Did any of you hear a cry or a fight? Did you ever consider going up for a look?
W: We were frightened at the beginning, and then we all went to bed once it was quiet all around.
M: OK. Thank you.
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

13. Where did the man go on holiday?
A. Paris. B. Bali. C. London.
14. What did the man do on the first day of his holiday?
A. Go swimming. B. Go boating. C. Play volleyball.
15. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Colleagues. C. Fellow travelers.
16. How did the man probably feel when he visited the small island?
A. Tired. B. Excited. C. Disappointed.
【答案】13. B 14. A 15. A 16. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Terry, nice to meet you again after the Easter holiday.
M: Hello, Mia. I’ve just returned to London.
W: Anyway, where did you go on holiday?
M: Well, I went to Bali. It’s a wonderful place with beautiful beaches and scenery.
W: It sounds great. What did you do there?
M: My family and I spent four nights there. We had a great vacation. On the first day, I swam and went surfing. I also played football in the sand with my brother and some Indians. To my surprise, I also met our history teacher. He was playing volleyball there.
W: Wow. What a small world! What else did you do there?
M: The next morning I visited another small island around Bali on a boat. It was a great experience to see many beautiful places and have a talk with tourists there.
W: What did you do before you left Bali?
M: On the last day, I went to the shops there. I bought some shirts, shorts, and also traditional clothes. Unfortunately, I couldn’t afford to buy a surfboard.
W: Well, I hope I can also go there someday.
聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

17. Why did the post office in Guyana print their own special stamps?
A. They wanted to make more money.
B. They had only a few usual stamps left.
C. There were no 1-cent or 4-cent stamps then.
18. How much was the l-cent stamp sold for in 1980?
A. A few dollars. B. Seven thousand dollars. C. Seven million dollars.
19. Why are stamps with mistakes so valuable?
A. They are very limited.
B. They are very beautiful.
C. They were made long ago.
20. What is the text mainly about?
A. The history of the stamps.
B. Things learned from stamps.
C. Reasons for collecting stamps.
【答案】17. B 18. C 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【原文】M: People collect stamps for many reasons. Some like the fun and excitement of finding an unusual or valuable stamp. In 1856, the post office in Guyana found that they had only a few stamps left. So they printed their own special 1-cent and 4-cent stamps and used them until the usual stamps arrived. In 1873, a schoolboy found the last one of those special 1-cent stamps. He sold it to a collector for a few dollars. In 1980, the same stamp was sold in New York for seven million dollars. Collectors also like stamps with mistakes, because they are sometimes very valuable. Usually, they are only used for a very short time. When the mistake is found, new stamps are made. There are not many stamps with mistakes, but many collectors would like to own one. That is why stamps with mistakes are so valuable. We can learn a lot from stamps. They can make school subjects interesting. Pictures about the history of different countries are shown on stamps. You can also find out about famous events and people.
第二部分 閱讀(共兩節(jié), 滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題; 每小題2.5分, 滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文, , 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。
A
Welcome to Iceland! I hope that your trip will be pleasant and that __________ will help you during your stay. It includes very important information you might find useful for your travel and we hope you will enjoy it.

Iceland is becoming a very popular place to visit all year round and we are not surprised. The country with its spectacular, unspoiled, fragile and raw nature, hot springs, icebergs and waterfalls is a feast for the eyes both during summer and winter. Our history and culture is young compared to most other countries. We speak our own language, Icelandic, which due to the country’s isolation in the past, has been very well preserved.
Driving in Iceland can be a bit different from many other countries. We do have a number of gravel roads, single lane bridges, narrow roads, rough mountain roads with unbridged rivers, animal stock near or on the road and weather conditions can change quickly. Therefore driving in Iceland needs your full care during your stay because we want you back safe and happy.
We kindly ask you to help us improve our quality by giving us feedback on how we are doing and what we can do better. Not less importantly, we ask you to help us preserve the Icelandic nature which can be very fragile. Off-road driving is strictly forbidden and please do not litter.
In case of trouble, accident or breakdown please don’t hesitate to contact our emergency phone numbers 840-6010 for south and west Iceland, or 840-6000 for north and east Iceland or one of our many locations around the country and we will do our very best to help you to safely continue your journey.
I trust that your travel in Iceland will be comfortable and pleasant. I wish you a safe journey.
21. Which of the following statements might be most suitable for the blank in Paragraph 1?
A. our travel agency magazine B. this newspaper article
C. the traffic regulations D. police travel guides
22. Which of the following is TRUE about Iceland?
A. Travelling in Iceland is only popular in summer and winter.
B. The country is not much visited because of its special language.
C. Travelers can enjoy nice food when travelling in Iceland.
D. A traveler can both have hot and cold experiences in Iceland.
23. What can a traveler do if his car suddenly breaks down in west Iceland according to the passage?
A. He may have his car repaired.
B. He may call 840-6010 for help.
C. He may push his car off the road.
D. He may drive in the other direction.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹在冰島旅游的一些重要有用的信息，比如冰島的概況，開車情況，環(huán)境保護以及求助等。
【21題詳解】
推理判斷題。由第一段的最后一句“It includes very important information you might find useful for your travel and we hope you will enjoy it.”可知，它包括了非常重要的信息，你可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)這些信息對你的旅行有用，并且我們希望你能喜歡它。it指代的是空格處，表達的是對旅行信息的介紹。由此可見，it應(yīng)該是旅行社雜志。結(jié)合選項可知，選項A正確。
【22題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。由第二段的第二句“The country with its spectacular, unspoiled, fragile and raw nature, hot springs, icebergs and waterfalls is a feast for the eyes both during summer and winter.”可知，在夏天和冬天期間都可以一覽這個國家壯麗而又未受破壞但卻脆弱的原生態(tài)自然，以及溫泉，冰山和瀑布景觀。由此可見，旅行者在冰島可以體驗到冷和熱。結(jié)合選項可知，選項D正確。
【23題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。由第五段的前半部分“In case of trouble, accident or breakdown please don’t hesitate to contact our emergency phone numbers 840-6010 for south and west Iceland”可知，萬一遇到困難，事故或者故障，在冰島南部和西部的，請不要猶豫聯(lián)系我們的緊急電話840-6010。由此可見，如果旅行者在冰島西部他的車突然發(fā)生故障了，他可以撥打840-6010求助。結(jié)合選項可知，選項B正確。
B
Tired of working in IT and staying the same in Australia, Paulo Cattaneo decided to make a change. In 2015 he started a strict budget so he could save up enough money to buy his dream KTM 1190 motorbike, a camera, and enough funds to support himself for a few years.
Then he gave up his job, packed his things, and set off on an adventure, travelling the world on his motorbike. Paulo, 39, has spent the last four years biking through Australia, South America, North America, and Europe, riding up to 12 hours a day and spending his nights in his tent under the stars.
“Australia for me was my first experience riding long distance and I was mind-blown by the beauty of the old continent.” Paulo wrote on his travel journal, “Traveling through Latin America, I explored the rainforest and learned Spanish and Portuguese. Mexico has some of the best food I ever had and Peru is an interesting place where I can enjoy the unique local Indian culture, also called Inca civilization.”
Paulo has managed to keep his travels going by keeping his budget tight, so he hasn’t had to get a job for his travels. To keep costs low, he seldom looked for accommodation in hotels and went camping instead. Thankfully, the motorbike, which Paulo bought secondhand in Australia, has not required any major repairs since he set off. The journey isn’t always easy, but Paulo has never looked back.
Sadly, the Covid-19 pandemic put a stop to his travels in Greece when he traveled around Europe, and Paulo has had to spend the last few months in Italy, his homeland. Once the world is back up and running, he plans to return to life on the road and explore Asia and Africa.
24. What did Paulo begin to do in 2015?
A. Change his job to live a better life. B. Travel the world on his motorbike.
C. Collect enough money to buy a car. D. Prepare for his trip around the world.
25. What is not mentioned in paragraph 2?
A. The way to travel. B. The last destination of travel.
C. The places he’d been to. D. The accommodation of travel.
26. What can we know about Paulo during his trip?
A. He enjoyed the best food in Peru. B. He got a job to support his travel.
C. The motorbike often troubled him. D. The view in Australia attracted him.
27. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Paulo was glad to return to his homeland. B. Paulo had to find accommodation in hotel.
C. The Covid-19 couldn’t stop Paulo’s dream. D. Being alone was a challenge during Paulo’s trip.
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. D 27. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Paulo Cattaneo放棄工作，騎著摩托車環(huán)游世界的經(jīng)歷，雖然他的冒險旅程因為新冠疫情而不得不中斷，但是他從未放棄他的冒險夢。
【24題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“In 2015 he started a strict budget so he could save up enough money to buy his dream KTM 1190 motorbike, a camera, and enough funds to support himself for a few years. (2015年，他開始嚴(yán)格控制預(yù)算，以便攢夠錢買他夢寐以求的KTM 1190摩托車、一臺相機，以及足夠養(yǎng)活自己幾年的資金)”可知，2015年P(guān)aulo已經(jīng)開始為自己的環(huán)球旅行攢錢，用于購買設(shè)備以及未來幾年的生活費，此時的他是在為環(huán)球旅行做準(zhǔn)備。故選D項。
【25題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Then he gave up his job, packed his things, and set off on an adventure, travelling the world on his motorbike. Paulo, 39, has spent the last four years biking through Australia, South America, North America, and Europe, riding up to 12 hours a day and spending his nights in his tent under the stars. (然后，他放棄了工作，收拾好行李，開始了一段冒險旅程，騎著摩托車環(huán)游世界。保羅今年39歲，在過去的四年里，他每天騎行12個小時，穿越澳大利亞、南美、北美和歐洲，晚上在他的帳篷里星空下度過)”可知，Paulo的旅行方式為騎摩托車，他曾經(jīng)去過的地方包括澳大利亞、南美、北美和歐洲，每天的旅行安排為騎行12小時，并沒有講到他旅行最后的目的地。故選B項。
【26題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“’Australia for me was my first experience riding long distance and I was mind-blown by the beauty of the old continent.’ Paulo wrote on his travel journal(“澳大利亞對我來說是我第一次長途騎行，我被古老大陸的美麗所震撼。” Paulo在他的旅行日記中寫道)”可知，澳大利亞的美麗風(fēng)景震撼了Paulo，Paulo為之深深吸引了。故選D項。
【27題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Sadly, the Covid-19 pandemic put a stop to his travels in Greece when he traveled around Europe, and Paulo has had to spend the last few months in Italy, his homeland. Once the world is back up and running, he plans to return to life on the road and explore Asia and Africa. (不幸的是，當(dāng)他在歐洲旅行時，Covid-19大流行中斷了他在希臘的旅行，Paulo不得不在過去幾個月里呆在他的祖國意大利。一旦世界恢復(fù)正常運轉(zhuǎn)，他計劃回到在路上的生活，探索亞洲和非洲)”可知，Covid-19并沒有使Paulo放棄他的環(huán)球旅行夢。故選C項。
C
Medha Gupta sometimes felt worried making the 20-minute walk from the corner where the school bus dropped her off to her home in Herndon, Va. — especially during the colder months in winter.
Her mother, Divya Gupta had a suggestion: write an app. She was half-kidding, but Medha took the challenge seriously. So she went to work.
The result was Safe Travel, an app designed by Medha to help walkers feel more secure when travelling alone. Using the iPhone, a person can program it to send a warning to someone he or she trusts if he or she fails to arrive at a destination within a certain time.
It was the first iOS app that Medha had created. While she didn’t think much would come from the project, her effort caught the eye of judges for the annual Congressional App Challenge, who selected her as the winner for Virginia’s 10th District.
The App Challenge is designed to encourage students to consider careers in science, technology, engineering, and math by experimenting with coding and computer science. Winning students are invited to attend a reception on Capitol Hill in April and also received $250 in Amazon Web Service credits.
Medha said it took her about 40 hours to design, program and test the app. As for her next app? Medha’s not certain. She temporarily has her app-development ambitions on hold because she’s busy teaching herself artificial intelligence to help deal with improper words on Facebook. Yes, she knows that there are teams of engineers probably doing the same thing. But she figures it can’t hurt her own part, too.
“If we see something wrong with the world, we should do something about it, ” she said. “After all, the only one stopping us from doing something is ourselves. ”
28. Why did Medha Gupta feel worried?
A. It took a long time to walk home.
B. It was colder than ever in winter.
C. It was unsafe to walk home alone.
D. It was difficult to write an app.
29. What is Medha’s attitude to her mother’s suggestion?
A. Curious. B. Sensitive. C. Uncertain. D. Optimistic.
30. What does the underlined phrase “on hold” in Paragraph 6 mean?
A. Delayed. B. Developed. C. Suspected. D. Satisfied.
31. What’s the main idea of the text?
A. Medha registered for the App Challenge.
B. Medha designed Safe Travel successfully.
C. The App Challenge directs students to choose careers.
D. An app guides walkers home.
【答案】28 C 29. D 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要說明了Medha Gupta設(shè)計了一款名為“安全旅行”的應(yīng)用，它可以幫助行人在獨自旅行時感到更安全。這款應(yīng)用參加了應(yīng)用程序挑戰(zhàn)賽并成為獲勝者。
【28題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Medha Gupta sometimes felt worried making the 20-minute walk from the corner where the school bus dropped her off to her home in Herndon, Va. — especially during the colder months in winter. (Medha Gupta有時會擔(dān)心從校車停在的街角走20分鐘到她在赫恩登的家——尤其是在寒冷的冬天。)”以及第三段中“The result was Safe Travel, an app designed by Medha to help walkers feel more secure when travelling alone.(結(jié)果就是Medha設(shè)計的一款名為“安全旅行”的應(yīng)用，它可以幫助行人在獨自旅行時感到更安全。)”可知，Medha Gupta會感到擔(dān)心是因為獨自走回家不安全。故選C。
【29題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Her mother, Divya Gupta had a suggestion: write an app. She was half-kidding, but Medha didn’t take the challenge lightly. So she set out to work.(她的母親Divya Gupta提出了一個建議：編寫一個應(yīng)用程序。但梅達認(rèn)真對待這個挑戰(zhàn)，但Medha并沒有輕易接受這個挑戰(zhàn)。于是她開始工作。)”可推知，Medha對母親的建議持樂觀態(tài)度。故選D。
【30題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“because she’s busy teaching herself artificial intelligence to help deal with improper words on Facebook.(因為她正忙著自學(xué)人工智能來幫助處理Facebook上的不當(dāng)詞匯。)”可知，Medha因為正忙著自學(xué)人工智能，幫助自己處理Facebook上的不當(dāng)言論，所以讓開發(fā)應(yīng)用程序的雄心推遲了。劃線詞on hold意思是“推遲”。A. Delayed.推遲；B. Developed.發(fā)展；C. Suspected.懷疑；D. Satisfied.滿足。故選A。
【31題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“The result was Safe Travel, an app designed by Medha to help walkers feel more secure when travelling alone.(結(jié)果就是Medha設(shè)計的一款名為“安全旅行”的應(yīng)用，它可以幫助行人在獨自旅行時感到更安全) ”結(jié)合文章主要說明了Medha Gupta設(shè)計了一款名為“安全旅行”的應(yīng)用，它可以幫助行人在獨自旅行時感到更安全。這款應(yīng)用參加了應(yīng)用程序挑戰(zhàn)賽并成為獲勝者?？芍?，文章主旨是Medha成功設(shè)計了“安全旅行”。故選B。
D
Bioluminescence (生物發(fā)光) is a natural phenomenon wherein a chemical reaction within an organism’s body produces light. It can be found in many places in nature — fireflies, some mushrooms — but mostly in the deep sea.
Recently, Rambouillet, a small historic French town, has teamed up with a company called Glowee to turn the city into a full-scale bioluminescence laboratory. The goal is to change the way in which cities use light. The company uses marine (海的) bacteria harvested from the coast of France. It makes some of the town’s public light up in the cool blue of bioluminescence.
These bioluminescent bacteria are stored in a seawater filled tube, giving the bacteria room to float around and light up. The light provided by the bacteria is part of their natural metabolism, so producing the light requires no energy other than that which is needed to feed the organisms. This makes it much more environmentally friendly and sustainable than electric light, which consumes a huge amount of non-renewable energy.
“On the way to lighting up the world with bioluminescence, you have to feed the bacteria and add water as they grow. That’s not so easy. The phenomenon will be very temperature-dependent and I doubt that it will work in the winter. Also, bioluminescence is not very bright compared to electrical lighting, though they have improved the light intensity,” Carl Johnson, a professor from Vanderbilt University said.
One potential solution to these issues — and one that Glowee is looking into — is to remove the biological aspect of the whole process. Theoretically, luciferase (熒光素酶) can be removed from the bacteria and used to create light instead of the bacteria itself. Because luciferase is non-living, it doesn’t need to be fed. Creating new means of sustainable lighting is a way of being environmentally friendly without plunging the earth back into darkness.
32. What do we know about Glowee?
A. It is an ancient laboratory in France.
B. It solves power shortages in coastal cities.
C. It adopts bioluminescence as a light source.
D. It feeds marine organisms to produce chemicals.
33. What does Paragraph 3 mainly focus on?
A. The reasons for energy waste.
B The advantages of the marine bacteria as light.
C. The living conditions of the bioluminescent bacteria.
D. The difficulties of storing bioluminescent organisms.
34. What does Carl Johnson convey in his words?
A. The bacteria work more efficiently under low temperatures.
B. It will cost too much to improve the luminescence intensity.
C. The application of bioluminescence enjoys a bright prospect.
D. The development of bioluminescence faces many challenges.
35. What could be the best title of this text?
A. A Historic Town Lit up by Nature
B. The First Zero-carbon City in the World
C. A Reform of Producing Electricity in Cities
D. The Discovery of Luciferase in Marine Bacteria
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了法國歷史悠久的小城朗布耶與一家名為Glowee的公司合作，利用生物發(fā)光技術(shù)將這座城市變成一個全面的生物發(fā)光實驗室，其目標(biāo)是改變城市使用光線的方式。
【32題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Recently, Rambouillet, a small historic French town, has teamed up with a company called Glowee to turn the city into a full-scale bioluminescence laboratory.The goal is to change the way in which cities use light. The company uses marine（海的）bacteria harvested from the coast of France. It makes some of the town’s public light up in the cool blue of bioluminescence.(最近，法國歷史悠久的小城朗布耶與一家名為Glowee的公司合作，將這座城市變成一個全面的生物發(fā)光實驗室。其目標(biāo)是改變城市使用光線的方式。該公司使用的是來自法國海岸的海洋細菌。它讓小鎮(zhèn)上的一些公眾在生物發(fā)光的冷藍色中發(fā)光。)”可知，關(guān)于Glowee這個公司我們了解到的是，它主要研究采用生物發(fā)光作為光源。故選C項。
【33題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“The light provided by the bacteria is part of their natural metabolism, so producing the light requires no energy other than that which is needed to feed the organisms. This makes it much more environmentally friendly and sustainable than electric light, which consumes a huge amount of non-renewable energy.(細菌提供的光是它們自然新陳代謝的一部分，所以產(chǎn)生光不需要能量，只需要生物體所需的能量。這使得它比消耗大量不可再生能源的電燈更加環(huán)保和可持續(xù)。)”可知，第三段主要講得是海洋細菌作為光源的優(yōu)點。故選B項。
【34題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“On the way to lighting up the world with bioluminescence, you have to feed the bacteria and add water as they grow. That’s not so easy. The phenomenon will be very temperature-dependent and I doubt that it will work in the winter. Also, bioluminescence is not very bright compared to electrical lighting, though they have improved the light intensity(在用生物發(fā)光照亮世界的路上，你必須給細菌喂食，并在它們生長的過程中加水。這可不容易。這種現(xiàn)象將非常依賴于溫度，我懷疑它在冬天會起作用。此外，生物發(fā)光與電照明相比不是很亮，盡管它們提高了光強度)”可以推知，生物發(fā)光的發(fā)展面臨著許多挑戰(zhàn)。故選D項。
【35題詳解】
主旨大意題。分析全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了法國歷史悠久的小城朗布耶與一家名為Glowee的公司合作，利用生物發(fā)光技術(shù)將這座城市變成一個全面的生物發(fā)光實驗室，其目標(biāo)是改變城市使用光線的方式，所以A選項“大自然點亮的歷史小鎮(zhèn)”適合用作文章標(biāo)題。故選A項。
第二節(jié)(共5小題; 每小題2.5分, 滿分12.5分)
閱讀下面短文, 從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways.____36____. Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest.
You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. ___37___. Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process.____38____.The following methods may work best for you.
● Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it.
●Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts
● Write your notes in your own words.
●____39____.
● Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written.
As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand(速記). When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time. ___40___
A. Use words, not complete sentences.
B. There are three practical note-taking methods.
C. You must write your notes on separate paper.
D. Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later.
E. you will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.
F. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.
G. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.
【答案】36. G 37. E 38. F 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。記好筆記對一個學(xué)生的重要性，短文介紹了一些做筆記的辦法。
【36題詳解】
根據(jù)下一句“Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. ”（第二，當(dāng)你準(zhǔn)備考試時，你的筆記是很好的參考材料。）可知，此處內(nèi)容與講述第一點辦法有關(guān)，與下一句為并列關(guān)系。選項G“首先，把東西寫下來這個簡單的行為讓你更容易理解和記住它?！?First對應(yīng)Sceondh和Third,符合題意。故選G。
【37題詳解】
根據(jù)上一句“You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. ”（你需要在課堂討論、閱讀課本或為報告做研究時做筆記。）可知，此處內(nèi)容要說要開發(fā)自己記筆記的方法，選項E“你還需要發(fā)展自己的記筆記的方法?！盿lso是對上一句的進一步說明。符合題意。故選E。
【38題詳解】
根據(jù)上一句“Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process.”（無論何時或以何種方式記筆記，請記住記筆記是一個有選擇的過程。）可知，此處內(nèi)容與要有選擇性做筆記有關(guān)，選項F“這意味著你必須首先決定哪些內(nèi)容是重要的，應(yīng)該寫在你的筆記里。”selective process對應(yīng) must first decide。符合題意。故選F。
【39題詳解】
根據(jù)上一句“Write your notes in your own words.”（用自己的話做筆記。）可知，此處內(nèi)容與做筆記的辦法有關(guān)，選項A“用單詞，不要用完整的句子?！狈项}意。故選A。
【40題詳解】
根據(jù)上一句“When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time.”（當(dāng)你這樣做的時候，確保你理解你的符號，并且你一直在使用它們。）可知，此處內(nèi)容與沒理解和記住你使用的符號會造成的不良后果有關(guān)，選項D“否則，你可能無法在過后閱讀你的筆記。”符合題意。故選D。
第三部分 語言運用(共兩節(jié), 滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題; 每小題1分, 滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
Once Frank and his daughter Nova took a cross-country drive with their dog Bobbie. During a stop, poor Bobbie was ____41____ by fierce local dogs. Thinking Bobbie would take care of himself as usual, Frank left for hotel ____42____ to find Bobbie return there to join them.
After hours without Bobbie, Frank got ____43____ Since Bobbie used to respond to the sound of the car horn, Frank first drove ____44____ all around, honking frequently until midnight. Bobbie never appeared. After a week of ____45____ and placing newspaper advertisements, the family had to give up and start driving home. Fall turning to winter, the ____46____ family had to ____47____ the fact that they could no longer share their happiness with beloved Bobbie.
Six ____48____ later, Nova was walking down a street when she ____49____ at the sight of a messy and ragged looking figure walking out of woods. His eyes were half-closed and red with _____50_____ , his feet bleeding. Nova screamed out ”Bobbie“ and in moments, aware of something, Bobbie began jumping up again and again to _____51_____ her face, making unclear sounds of _____52_____ mixed with sobs of joy. He was skinny, footsore but he was happy to see her. At home he shook his tail, rolled over on his back, held up his pads and fixed the family with his eyes, seemingly to tell them his returning-home _____53_____ .
Imagine being 2,500 miles from home with no transportation and crossing freezing cold mountains and deserts for half a year. How _____54_____ ! But Bobbie, the Wonder _____55_____ , made it.
41. A. guarded B. welcomed C. chased D. hidden
42. A. expecting B. failing C. struggling D. managing
43. A. mad B. disappointed C. hopeless D. worried
44. A. safely B. smoothly C. quickly D. slowly
45. A. waiting B. searching C. driving D. missing
46 A. warm-hearted B. cold-blooded C. broken-hearted D. clear-headed
47. A. accept B. change C. escape D. ignore
48. A. weeks B. fortnights C. months D. seasons
49. A. shocked B. attracted C. fell D. smiled
50. A. tears B. injuries C. shame D. excitement
51. A. kiss B. meet C. see D. avoid
52. A. depression B. relief C. regret D. gratitude
53. A. ambition B. view C. outing D. adventure
54. A. innocent B. incredible C. abnormal D. awkward
55. A. Hiker B. Man C. Dog D. Kid
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. D 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. C 49. A 50. B 51. A 52. B 53. D 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了波比這只小狗走失后又奇跡般自己返回家里的經(jīng)歷故事。
【41題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：停車期間，可憐的波比被當(dāng)?shù)貎疵偷墓纷汾s。A. guarded保護；B. welcomed歡迎；C. chased追趕；D. hidden隱藏。根據(jù)空格后“by fierce local dogs.”及常識可知，波比被一只當(dāng)?shù)貎疵偷墓纷汾s。故選C。
【42題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：弗蘭克以為波比會像往常一樣照顧自己，便動身去旅館，期待著波比會回到那里和他們會合。A. expecting期待；B. failing失??；C. struggling掙扎；D. managing設(shè)法。根據(jù)前文“Thinking Bobbie would take care of himself as usual,”可知，弗蘭克以為波比會像往常一樣，自己跑掉后能找到回來的路，所以就動身去酒店，期待著波比自己回來找他。故選A。
【43題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：波比離開幾個小時后，弗蘭克擔(dān)心起來。A. mad瘋狂的；B. disappointed失望的；C. hopeless沒有希望的；D. worried擔(dān)憂的。根據(jù)后文“Since Bobbie used to respond to the sound of the car horn, Frank first drove 　　4　　 all around, honking frequently until midnight.”可知，弗蘭克尋找波比一直到午夜。由此可知，在波比走失幾個小時后，弗蘭克的心情很擔(dān)憂。故選D。
【44題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：因為波比過去常常對汽車?yán)劝l(fā)出的聲音作出回應(yīng)，弗蘭克首先慢慢地到處開著車，經(jīng)常按喇叭直到午夜。A. safely安全地；B. smoothly平坦地；C. quickly快速地；D. slowly緩慢地。根據(jù)前文“Since Bobbie used to respond to the sound of the car horn,”可知，為了找到波比，弗蘭克要慢慢開車鳴笛，才有可能讓波比聽到聲音，這樣波比才會現(xiàn)身。故選D。
【45題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在找尋一周以及刊登報紙廣告之后，悲痛欲絕的一家人決定放棄然后開車回家。A. waiting等待；B. searching尋找；C. driving開車；D. missing錯過，想念。根據(jù)上文“Bobbie never appeared.”以及空格后“placing newspaper advertisements,”可知，弗蘭克一家人一直在努力尋找波比。故選B。
【46題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在找尋一周以及刊登報紙廣告之后，悲痛欲絕的一家人決定放棄然后開車回家。A. warm-hearted暖心的；B. cold-blooded冷血的；C. broken-hearted悲痛欲絕的；D. clear-headed頭腦清晰的。根據(jù)前文“After a week of 　5　 and placing newspaper advertisements”及空后“had to give up and start driving home.”可知，弗蘭克一家人一直在努力尋找波比，但是一直沒找到，只能放棄、開車回家。由此可知，大家都很心痛。故選C。
【47題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：秋去冬來，這家人不得不接受這個事實，他們再也不能與親愛的波比分享快樂和幸福。A. accept接受；B. change改變；C. escape逃跑；D. ignore忽視，不理睬。根據(jù)后文“that they could no longer share their happiness with beloved Bobbie”可知，波比走失后，一直找不到，所以弗蘭克一家人必須接受無法與波比分享的事實。故選A。
【48題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：秋去冬來，這家人不得不接受這個事實，他們再也不能與親愛的波比分享快樂和幸福。A. weeks周；B. fortnights十四天，兩周；C. months月；D. seasons季節(jié)。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Imagine being 2,500 miles from home with no transportation and you cross freezing cold mountains and deserts for half a year.”可知，波比遠離家，在山上和沙漠流浪了半年?！癶alf a year”和“six months”相對應(yīng)，屬于同義復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選C。
【49題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：六個月后，諾娃走在街上，當(dāng)她看見樹林里出現(xiàn)了一個凌亂、衣衫襤褸的身影時，她震驚了。A. shocked震驚；B. attracted吸引；C. fell摔倒，擊倒；D. smiled微笑。根據(jù)后文“Nova screamed out ‘Bobbie’”可推測，諾娃當(dāng)時看到并認(rèn)出波比時，非常震驚，甚至尖叫著叫它的名字。故選A。
【50題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的眼睛半閉，因受傷而發(fā)紅，他的腳在流血。A. tears眼淚；B. injuries傷口；C. shame羞愧；D. excitement興奮。根據(jù)前文“His eyes were half-closed and red”和后文his feet bleeding”可知，波比的腳在流血，眼睛睜不開，而且紅著，因此可推測出眼睛是有傷的。故選B。
【51題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：諾娃尖叫著“波比”，不一會兒，波比意識到了什么，開始一次又一次地跳起來親吻她的臉，發(fā)出不清晰的欣慰聲，夾雜著喜悅的啜泣。A. kiss親吻；B. meet遇見；C. see看見；D. avoid避免。根據(jù)空前“Bobbie began jumping up again and again”及空后“her face”可知，波比是向上蹦著去親吻諾娃的臉頰。故選A。
【52題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：諾娃尖叫著叫了一聲“波比”，博比意識到什么，開始一次又一次地跳起來吻她的臉，發(fā)出不清晰的欣慰聲，夾雜著喜悅的啜泣。A. depression沮喪；B.relief欣慰；C. regret悔意；D. gratitude感謝。根據(jù)上文“Bobbie began jumping up again and again to 　　11　　her face, making unclear sounds of relief”及常識可知，波比再一次見到自己的主人，應(yīng)該是很高興，發(fā)出不清晰的欣慰聲。故選B。
【53題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：回家后，他搖了搖尾巴，翻了個身，舉起墊子，用眼睛盯著家人，似乎在告訴他們自己回家的冒險之旅。A. ambition雄心；B. view觀點，風(fēng)景；C. outing遠足；D. adventure冒險。根據(jù)后文“Imagine being 2, 500 miles from home with no transportation and you cross freezing cold mountains and deserts for half a year.”可知，波比在外流浪半年后，終于在回家的一路上經(jīng)歷了各種事，并不是單純的旅游出行，而是冒險之旅。故選D。
【54題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：太不可思議了!A. innocent清白的；B. incredible難以置信地；C. abnormal反常的；D. awkward尷尬的。根據(jù)前文“Imagine being 2,500 miles from home with no transportation and crossing freezing cold mountains and deserts for half a year.”可知，波比成功經(jīng)歷一系列艱險回到家，這是不可思議的。故選B。
【55題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是奇跡狗波比成功了。A. Hiker徒步者；B. Man人類；C. Dog狗；D. Kid孩子。根據(jù)前文“At home he shook his tail,”以及全文通讀下來，可判斷出波比是一只狗。故選C。
第二節(jié)(共10小題; 每小題1.5分, 滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Shadow theater is a unique art form in China. Thanks to the basic principle of light and shadow projected (投影) onto a screen, performers use puppets (玩偶) ____56____ (make) from animal skins to tell stories in a form of opera. Two thousand years ago, the sadness of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty over the death of his favorite lover was ____57____ (full) relieved by the projection of her figure through a game of lights. This started ____58____ is now known in China as the earliest form of shadow play.
Among all the country’s branches, Beijing shadow theater stands ____59____ for its techniques and its specific tunes. It ____60____ (experience) a long period of formation and now features unique performance methods. Its vocal (聲樂的) tone and actual puppets draw ____61____ (inspire) from Kunqu Opera and Peking Opera.
Previously the shadow theater ____62____ (perform) in the fields, with all performers hidden behind the scenes. Some controlled the puppets and sang while others managed the music. A performing group would consist of six or seven people and a box of puppets. When people put on ____63____ play at a market, a light box and a curtain would be enough ____64____ (start) the show. Requiring only a few things, the theater was characterized by its mobility, _____65_____ (appear) at weddings, dinner parties and Chinese New Year celebrations often.
【答案】56. made
57. fully 58. what
59. out 60. has experienced
61. inspiration
62. was performed
63. a 64. to start
65. appearing
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了皮影戲的歷史，以及相關(guān)的知識。
【56題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：由于光影投射到屏幕上的基本原理，表演者使用動物皮制成的木偶以歌劇的形式講故事。這里為非謂語動詞擔(dān)當(dāng)后置定語，和被修飾詞“puppets”之間存在被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞形式。故填made。
【57題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：兩千年前，西漢武帝為他心愛的情人去世而悲傷，通過燈光游戲投射出她的身影，完全緩解了悲傷。修飾動詞“relieve”用副詞形式，故填fully。
【58題詳解】
考查賓語從句。句意：這就是現(xiàn)在中國最早的皮影戲形式。這里為賓語從句的連接詞，賓語從句缺少主語，且指物，用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)。故填what。
【59題詳解】
考查固定搭配。句意：在全國所有的分支機構(gòu)中，北京皮影戲以其技術(shù)和獨特的曲調(diào)脫穎而出。固定搭配：stand out，意為“突出”。故填out。
【60題詳解】
考查時態(tài)。句意：它經(jīng)歷了漫長的形成過程，形成了獨特的表現(xiàn)方式。這里為本句謂語動詞，根據(jù)下文“now features unique performance methods”可知，本句時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時；主語為it，單數(shù)，所以謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填has experienced。
【61題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：它的聲音和木偶的靈感來自昆曲和京劇。根據(jù)空前的draw可知，空處為名詞擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語。故填inspiration。
【62題詳解】
考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：以前，皮影戲是在田野里表演的，所有的演員都躲在幕后。這里為本句謂語動詞，根據(jù)previously可知，本句時態(tài)為一般過去時；主語為“the shadow theater”，單數(shù)，和動詞perform之間為被動關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)。故填was performed。
【63題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：當(dāng)人們在市場上演出時，一個燈箱和一個幕布就足夠開始演出了。修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，表示泛指，用不定冠詞。故填a。
【64題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：當(dāng)人們在市場上演出時，一個燈箱和一個幕布就足夠開始演出了。enough to do sth.足夠做某事，不定式擔(dān)當(dāng)結(jié)果狀語。故填to start。
【65題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：皮影戲只需要很少的東西，它的特點是流動性強，經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在婚禮、宴會和中國新年慶?；顒又?。這里為非謂語動詞擔(dān)當(dāng)狀語，動詞“appear”和主句主語“the theater”為主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填appearing。
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié), 滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(滿分15分)
66. 假定你是學(xué)生會主席李華，你校將舉行主題為“My Youth，My Dream”的英語演講比賽，請你給外教Lisa寫一封郵件，邀請她擔(dān)任評委。內(nèi)容包括：
1.比賽目的；
2.時間和地點；
3.期待參與。
注意：
1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;’
2.請按如下格式作答。
Dear Lisa,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Lisa,
I’m Li Hua, chairman of the Students’ Union. I’m writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest.
The English speech contest is entitled “My Youth, My Dream”, which is aimed to make us senior students firm in our ideals and determined to strive. It will be held at 8:00 am on February 23th in the lecture hall in our school. As you are an expert in life planning, your attendance means so much to us.
It would be our great honor if you could accept our invitation and get you time spared. Looking forward to your timely reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達屬于應(yīng)用文，要求考生給外教Lisa寫一封電子郵件，邀請她擔(dān)任“My Youth，My Dream”為主題的英語演講比賽的評委。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
比賽：contest→competition
命名：entitle→name
旨在與：be aimed to→be intended to/be designed to
因為：as→because/since
2.句式拓展簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句：I’m writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest.
拓展句：I’m writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest, which will be held in our lecture hall February 23th.
【點睛】[高分句型1]The English speech contest is entitled “My Youth, My Dream”, which is aimed to make us senior students firm in our ideals and determined to strive. (運用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句)
[高分句型2]It would be our great honor if you could accept our invitation and get you time spared. (運用了if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句)
第二節(jié)(滿分25分)
67. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Almost all of my holidays were spent with my grandpa. My grandpa was a retired army officer and the years in the army had made him a very tough person, which helped him a lot in fighting with cancer for a long time. Silver and golden stars on his shoulders and medals on his chest in grandma’s old photo albums reflected the marks of his distinguished service and numerous adventures. Grandpa had fine qualities and was a real personality. He was strict with his family, me included, as well as himself.
In our ancestral house there was a big pond as was common in bygone Bengali homes with lots of trees and bushes. Both my grandparents were fond of our so-called garden. One morning our new neighbor saw my grandpa planting two trees on both sides of our main gate, which still stand tall today. Across the street our new neighbor also got the same kind of tree and planted the trees exactly on both sides of his gate too.
My grandpa didn’t often give enough amount of water to his plants and didn’t always give his full attention to them, while our neighbor gave a lot of water to his plants and looked after them too well. My grandpa’s plants were simple but looked good. But our neighbor’s plants were much fuller and greener.
Normally, during April and May, we have short but violent thunderstorms called “Kalboishakhi”. One late evening during a Kalboishakhi we had showers with strong winds, which continued right throughout that night. Next morning along with my grandparents I came out to inspect the damage to our garden. I saw our neighbor was there in his garden too, but looked upset as his plants were uprooted. But, our plants were not damaged and were standing firm on the ground.
注意：
1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2. 請按如下格式作答。
Seeing this, our neighbor was surprised and curious.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Grandpa’s explanations not only convinced the neighbor, but made me realize something.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Seeing this, our neighbor was surprised and curious. He came up to my grandpa and asked with a touch of embarrassment, “How is this possible? I actually looked after my plants better.” My grandpa had his signature smile on and replied, “What you did spared the plants the need to work themselves hard for anything. I gave them just certain water and let their roots do the rest to search for more. And their roots went deeper, which made their position stronger. That is why they survived.”
Grandpa’s explanations not only convinced the neighbor, but made me realize something. My grandpa was strict with me on many occasions with his do’s and don’ts, and that drove me to be independent and work hard for what I wanted, which, however, I’d rarely noticed. I became aware that anything easily got can go off much more easily. Still after a rainy night when the sun is clear and bright the next morning it reminds me of my grandpa’s words. The guidance has taken root in my mind and influences me all the way.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】文章以種樹為線索展開，講述作者幾乎每個假期都在爺爺家度過，他們的老院子里有很多樹。一天爺爺?shù)男锣従涌匆娮髡郀敔斣诖箝T的兩側(cè)種植了兩棵樹，就也在自家的大門兩側(cè)種植了兩棵同樣的樹。作者的爺爺不經(jīng)常給他的植物澆足量的水，而爺爺?shù)泥従觿t給他的植物澆很多水，關(guān)懷備至。在一次強烈的雷暴大雨中，鄰居的樹被連根拔起，但作者爺爺?shù)臉淙园踩粺o恙。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫
①根據(jù)第一段首句“看到這個結(jié)果，我們的鄰居既驚訝又好奇?！?，再結(jié)合續(xù)寫第二段的開頭語“爺爺?shù)慕忉尣粌H說服了鄰居，也讓我意識到一些事情?！笨芍?，本段應(yīng)圍繞鄰居與作者爺爺關(guān)于為何鄰居的樹被連根拔起而作者爺爺?shù)臉鋮s安然無恙而進行的交流展開。
②根據(jù)第二段首句“爺爺?shù)慕忉尣粌H說服了鄰居，也讓我意識到一些事情”可知，本段應(yīng)圍繞作者從上述事件中得到的感悟以及該事件對作者生活的影響展開。
2.續(xù)寫線索：鄰居驚訝——爺爺解釋原因——說服鄰居——作者的感悟
3.詞類激活
行為類
①照顧：look after/take care of/attend to
②尋找：search/seek
③注意：notice/take notice of
情緒類
①尷尬：embarrassment/awkwardness
②微笑：smile/beam
【點睛】[高分句型1]What you did spared the plants the need to work themselves hard for anything. (運用了what引導(dǎo)的主語從句)
[高分句型2]My grandpa was strict with me on many occasions with his do’s and don’ts, and that drove me to be independent and work hard for what I wanted, which, however, I’d rarely noticed. (運用了what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句和which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句)
高二物理
注意事項：
1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、考生號、座號填寫在相應(yīng)位置。
2.選擇題答案必須用2B鉛筆（按填涂樣例）正確填涂；非選擇題答案必須用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆書寫，字體工整、筆跡清楚。
3.請按照題號在各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效；在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效。保持卡面清潔，不折疊、不破損。
一、單項選擇題：本題共8小題，每小題3分，共24分。每小題只有一個選項符合題目要求。
1. 2020年我國將全面進入萬物互聯(lián)的商用網(wǎng)絡(luò)新時代，即5G時代。所謂5G是指第五代通信技術(shù)，采用3300~5000MHz（1M=106）頻段的無線電波?，F(xiàn)行的第四代移動通信技術(shù)4G，其頻段范圍是1880~2635MHz。未來5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)的傳輸速率（指單位時間傳送的數(shù)據(jù)量大?。┛蛇_10Gbps（bps為bitspersecond的英文縮寫，即比特率、比特/秒），是4G網(wǎng)絡(luò)的50~100倍。下列說法正確的是（　?。?br /> A. 4G信號和5G信號都是縱波
B. 4G信號更容易發(fā)生衍射現(xiàn)象
C. 4G信號和5G信號相遇能產(chǎn)生穩(wěn)定干涉現(xiàn)象
D. 5G信號比4G信號在真空中的傳播速度快
2. 如圖所示，、是監(jiān)測交流高壓輸電參數(shù)的互感器，一個用來測高壓電流，一個用來測高壓電壓，則下列說法正確的是（　?。?br />
A. 是測交流電壓的儀器 B. 是測交流電流的儀器
C. a是電流表，b是電壓表 D. a是電壓表，b是電流表
3. 如圖所示，虛線是正弦交流電的圖像，實線是另一交流電的圖像，它們的周期T和最大值相同，則實線所對應(yīng)的交流電的有效值U滿足（　　）

A. B. C. D.
4. 某研究性學(xué)習(xí)小組的同學(xué)設(shè)計的電梯墜落的應(yīng)急安全裝置如圖所示，在電梯掛廂上安裝永久磁鐵，并在電梯的井壁上鋪設(shè)線圈，這樣可以在電梯突然墜落時減小對人員的傷害。關(guān)于該裝置，下列說法正確的是（　?。?br />
A. 當(dāng)電梯突然墜落時，該安全裝置可使電梯停在空中
B. 當(dāng)電梯墜落至永久磁鐵在圖示位置時，閉合線圈A、B中的電流方向相反
C. 當(dāng)電梯墜落至永久磁鐵在圖示位置時，只有閉合線圈A在阻礙電梯下落
D. 當(dāng)電梯墜落至永久磁鐵在圖示位置時，只有閉合線圈B在阻礙電梯下落
5. 如圖甲，LC電路中的電流正在變大，保持L不變，改變電容器的電容，回路中電容器兩端的電壓變化如圖乙，則下列說法正確的是（　?。?br />
A. 回路中的磁場能正在向電場能轉(zhuǎn)化
B. 電路1中電容為電路2中電容的4倍
C. 電路2中的電流最大時，電路1中的電流也一定最大
D. 電路2中電容器的最大電荷量與電路1中電容器的最大電荷量相等
6. 如圖甲所示，一個環(huán)形導(dǎo)線線圈的電阻為r、面積為S，其位于一垂直于環(huán)形面向里的勻強磁場中，磁場的磁感應(yīng)強度B隨時間t變化的規(guī)律如圖乙所示。有一電阻R將其兩端分別與圖甲中的環(huán)形線圈a、b相連，其余電阻不計，在0～t0時間內(nèi)，下列說法正確的是（　　）

A. a、b間的電壓大小為，a點電勢高于b點
B. a、b間的電壓大小為，a點電勢低于b點
C. 流過R的電流大小為，方向從上到下
D. 流過R的電流大小為，方向從下到上
7. 在如圖所示的電路中，變壓器為理想變壓器，原、副線圈的匝數(shù)比為1︰2，三個定值電阻的阻值相同，電壓表為理想交流電表?，F(xiàn)在a、b端輸入正弦式交變電流，電鍵S斷開時，電壓表的示數(shù)為U1，電鍵S閉合后，電壓表的示數(shù)為U2，則的值為（　?。?br />
A. B. C. D.
8. 如圖所示，空間直角坐標(biāo)系的xOz平面是光滑水平面，空間中有沿z軸正方向的勻強磁場，磁感應(yīng)強度大小為B?，F(xiàn)有兩塊平行的薄金屬板，彼此聞距為d，構(gòu)成一個電容為C的電容器，電容器的下極板放在xOz平面上；在兩板之間焊接一根垂直于兩板的電阻不計的金屬桿MN，已知兩板和桿MN的總質(zhì)量為m，若對桿MN施加一個沿x軸正方向的恒力F，兩金屬板和桿開始運動后，則（　?。?br />
A. 金屬桿MN中存在沿N到到M方向的感應(yīng)電流
B. 兩金屬板間的電壓始終保持不變
C. 兩金屬板和桿做加速度大小為的勻加速直線運動
D. 單位時間內(nèi)電容器增加的電荷量為
二、多項選擇題：本題共4小題，每小題4分，共16分。在每小題給出的四個選項中，有多項符合題目要求。全部選對的得4分，選對但不全的得分，有選錯的得0分。
9. 在如圖甲所示LC振蕩電路中，通過P點的電流隨時間變化的圖線如圖乙所示，若把通過P點向右的電流規(guī)定為正值，則（　?。?br />
A. 0至0.5ms內(nèi)，電容器C正在充電
B. 0.5ms至1ms內(nèi)，電容器上極板帶正電
C. 1ms至1.5ms內(nèi)，Q點比P點電勢高
D. 1.5ms至2ms內(nèi)，磁場能在減少
10. 如圖所示電路中，理想變壓器原線圈兩接線柱間的交流電壓的有效值不變，兩燈泡L1、L2規(guī)格完全相同，在以下各種操作中各電路元件都沒有損壞，下列說法正確的是（　?。?br />
A. 僅使滑片M下移，電流表示數(shù)變大
B. 僅使滑片M下移，變壓器原線圈中的電流變小
C. 僅使滑片N自變阻器端向b端移動，電流表示數(shù)一直增大
D. 僅使滑片N自變阻器端向b端移動，燈泡L2中的電流一直增大
11. 如圖為模擬遠距離輸電的實驗電路圖，兩理想變壓器的匝數(shù)，四根模擬輸電線的電阻、、、的阻值均為R，、為相同的理想交流電流表，、為相同的小燈泡，燈絲電阻，忽略燈絲電阻隨溫度的變化。當(dāng)A、B端接入低壓交流電源時（　　）

A. 、兩燈泡的亮度相同
B. 表的示數(shù)小于表的示數(shù)
C. 兩端的電壓小于兩端的電壓
D. 消耗的功率大于消耗的功率
12. 有一邊長為L、質(zhì)量為m、總電阻為R的正方形導(dǎo)線框自磁場上方某處自由下落，如圖所示。區(qū)域I、II中勻強磁場的磁感應(yīng)強度大小均為B，二者寬度分別為L、H，且H＞L。導(dǎo)線框恰好勻速進入?yún)^(qū)域I，一段時間后又恰好勻速離開區(qū)域II，重力加速度為g，下列說法正確的是（　　）

A. 導(dǎo)線框離開區(qū)域II的速度大于
B. 導(dǎo)線框剛進入?yún)^(qū)域II時的加速度大小為g，方向豎直向上
C. 導(dǎo)線框進入?yún)^(qū)域II的過程產(chǎn)生的焦耳熱為mgH
D. 導(dǎo)線框自開始進入?yún)^(qū)域I至剛完全離開區(qū)域II的時間為
三、非選擇題：本題共6小題，共60分。
13. 在“探究變壓器原、副線圈電壓與匝數(shù)的關(guān)系”的實驗中，
（1）下列器材需要的有___________。
A．干電池組 B．滑動變阻器 C．直流電壓表 D．多用電表 E．學(xué)生電源
（2）在實驗中，某同學(xué)保持原線圈的電壓以及副線圈的匝數(shù)不變，僅增加原線圈的匝數(shù)，副線圈兩端的電壓將___________（選填“增大”“減小”或“不變”）。
（3）如圖，當(dāng)左側(cè)線圈“0”“16”間接入9 V電壓時，右側(cè)線圈“0”“4”接線柱間輸出電壓可能是___________。

A．3.1 V B．2.5 V C．2.0V D．1.8V
14. 某實驗小組探究影響感應(yīng)電流方向的因素。所利用的器材有靈敏電流計、線圈、條形磁鐵、一節(jié)干電池、開關(guān)、導(dǎo)線若干。實驗步驟如下：
(1)按圖甲連接電路，閉合開關(guān)，通過觀察得到靈敏電流計___________方向和___________方向的關(guān)系；
(2)記下線圈繞向，將線圈和靈敏電流計連接成如圖乙所示的閉合回路；
(3)把條形磁鐵N極（或S極）向下插入線圈中，然后從線圈中拔出，每次記下電流計中指針偏轉(zhuǎn)方向，然后根據(jù)步驟(1)的結(jié)論，判定出___________方向，從而確定___________方向；
(4)將實驗結(jié)果匯總進行分析。由于線圈橫截面積不變，因此磁場的變化就體現(xiàn)了磁通量的變化，該小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)穿過線圈的磁通量增大時，感應(yīng)電流的磁場與磁體的磁場方向相反，阻礙磁通量的增加；當(dāng)穿過線圈的磁通量減小時，感應(yīng)電流的磁場與磁體的磁場方向相同，阻礙磁通量的減?。?br /> (5)總結(jié)概括。感應(yīng)電流具有這樣的方向，即___________。

15. 如圖所示的電路中，電容器的電容C＝1 μF，線圈的自感系數(shù)L＝0.1 mH，先將開關(guān)S撥至a，這時電容器內(nèi)有一帶電油滴恰能保持靜止，然后將開關(guān)S撥至b，經(jīng)過3.14×10－5 s，油滴的加速度是多少？當(dāng)油滴的加速度為何值時，LC回路中的振蕩電流有最大值？(g取10m/s2，π取3.14，研究過程中油滴不與極板接觸)

16. 在如圖甲所示的電路中，螺線管匝數(shù)匝，橫截面積。螺線管導(dǎo)線電阻，，，。在一段時間內(nèi)，穿過螺線管的磁場的磁感應(yīng)強度按如圖乙所示的規(guī)律變化。求：
(1)螺線管中產(chǎn)生的感應(yīng)電動勢；
(2)閉合，電路中的電流穩(wěn)定后，電阻的電功率；
(3)斷開后，流經(jīng)的電荷量。

17. 水力發(fā)電的基本原理就是將水流的機械能（主要指重力勢能）轉(zhuǎn)化為電能。某小型水力發(fā)電站水流量為Q=5m3/s（流量是指流體在單位時間內(nèi)流過某一橫截面的體積），落差為h=10m，發(fā)電機（內(nèi)阻不計）的輸出電壓為U1=250V，輸電線總電阻為r=4Ω，為了減小損耗采用了高壓輸電。在發(fā)電機處安裝升壓變壓器，而在用戶處安裝降壓變壓器，其中n3:n4=190:11，用戶獲得電壓U4=220V，用戶獲得的功率P4=1.9×105W，若不計變壓器損失的能量，已知水的密度、重力加速度g=10m/s2。求：
（1）高壓輸電線中電流強度I2；
（2）升壓變壓器原、副線圈匝數(shù)比n1:n2；
（3）該電站將水能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能的效率η有多大？

18. 足夠長、電阻不計光滑平行金屬導(dǎo)軌MN、PO傾斜放置，兩根導(dǎo)軌間距，導(dǎo)軌平面與水平面間的夾角為，導(dǎo)軌底端連接阻值的電阻。導(dǎo)軌平面內(nèi)以O(shè)C（OC與導(dǎo)軌垂直）為分界線，上方區(qū)域分布著垂直斜面向上的勻強磁場。取O點為坐標(biāo)原點，沿導(dǎo)軌OQ向上為x軸正方向，勻強磁場的磁感應(yīng)強度大小B隨著x變化的關(guān)系圖像如圖乙所示。一根質(zhì)量、電阻的金屬棒置于導(dǎo)軌上，與導(dǎo)軌垂直且接觸良好。若棒在外力F作用下以某一初速度從處沿導(dǎo)軌向上運動，運動過程中理想電壓表的示數(shù)恒為4V。已知重力加速度，求金屬棒
（1）運動到處的速度；
（2）從運動到的過程中，電阻R上產(chǎn)生的熱量；
（3）從運動到的過程中，外力F所做的功；
（4）從運動到的過程中，流過電阻R的電荷量。


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