
?沖刺2023年高考英語真題重組卷01(新高考地區(qū)專用)
(考試時間:120分鐘 試卷滿分:150分)
注意事項:
1. 答卷前,考生務必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號和座位號填寫在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型(A)填涂在答題卡相應位置上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。因筆試不考聽力,選擇題從第二部分的“閱讀”開始,試題序號從“21”開始。
2. 作答選擇題時,選出每小題答案后,用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目選項的答案信息點涂黑;如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案,答案不能答在試卷上。
3. 非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答,答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內相應位置上;如需改動,先劃掉原來的答案,然后再寫上新的答案;不準使用鉛筆和涂改液,不按以上要求作答的答案無效。
4. 考生必須保持答題卡的整潔:考試結束后,將試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第一部分 聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分 30 分)
第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1分,滿分5分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1. What is the man?
A. A student. B. A librarian. C. A job hunter.
【答案】C
【解析】W: When can you start the job if you' re accepted?
M: About two months from now as my current company requires two months of notice period.
2. Where are the speakers?
A. In an apartment. B. In a classroom. C. In a factory.
【答案】A
【解析】W: Keep the lights off when you leave. Saving energy protects the environment.
M: I doubt if our tiny apartment can make any difference. We would use less power in 100 years than a factory does in one hour.
W: But any effort makes a difference.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Choosing a new suit.
B. Learning to send an email.
C. Preparing for an interview.
【答案】C
【解析】 M: Any tips for going for a job interview? I bought this new suit, so I look the part.
W: If they invite you to ask anything in the end, make sure you do. I’ll send you a list by email.
4. What does the woman imply?
A. For the first time the team has become the league champion.
B. The team did a good job again this time.
C. The team has little chance to win this time.
【答案】B
【解析】M: Our football team has just won the championship match!
W: Wow, we have become the league champion for the fourth time!
M: Cheers!
5. What will the man probably do to stay warm?
A. Use a blanket.
B. Turn on the heater.
C. Drink some hot chocolate.
【答案】A
【解析】M: It’s very cold in here. I’m going to turn the heater on to warm this place up a little.
W: Why do you think I’m drinking hot chocolate? Here, take this blanket. The heater isn’t working right now.
第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽下面一段較長對話,回答6、7小題。
6. What do we know about the camping area?
A. It’s totally free. B. It’s a little cold. C. It’s very crowded.
7. How long was the man gone for?
A. One night. B. Two nights. C. Three nights.
【答案】CB
【解析】W: How was your camping trip last weekend, John?
M: Not great. The first night we stayed at one of those camping areas where you need to pay to get in. There were too many people there, though.
W: So, what happened next?
M: The next day we decided to hike about four hours to a spot where there wasn’t anybody around. That was a big mistake.
W: Why?
M: None of us brought anything to make a fire with. Then it started raining, and we realized even with our warm clothes it was too cold to stay overnight.
W: So what did you do?
M: We hiked back to the original camping area in complete darkness. We left the next morning because everyone was too tired from the night before. What did you do?
W: I watched a movie at home by a nice wood fire.
聽下面一段較長對話,回答8、9、10小題。
8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Manager and salesperson. B. Friends. C. Salesperson and customer.
9. What does the man value most when choosing a phone?
A. Reliability. B. Speed. C. Price.
10. What does the man mainly use his phone for?
A. Surfing the Internet. B. Playing games. C. Watching movies.
【答案】BCA
【解析】M: I need a new phone and I think I might buy a Chinese one
W: But you always had American phones in the past.
M: Yes. But I trust Chinese ones. More and more people use them. They are reliable and fast.
W: And cheap, of course.
M: Yes, that’s the main thing. They cost far less than even the Korean ones.
W: I hear they are not as good if you want to play games or watch movies on them.
M: It depends on which one you get. If you buy a more expensive one, it will obviously have more functions.
W: I really don’t understand why anyone would want to watch a movie on a phone or play a game for that matter
M: Well, I used to think like that. But when you are on a long journey, say on a subway or a bus, it is sometimes nice to have something to do other than reading.
W: Is that how you use them?
M: My main concern is to be able to access the Internet while I am on the move.
聽下面一段較長對話,回答11、12、13小題。
11. How many kinds of sharks are there according to the woman?
A. About 80. B. Nearly 420. C. Over 500.
12. What did the woman find more fascinating about sharks?
A. How big they are.
B. How scary they are.
C. How old their species is.
13. Why do sharks break and lose a lot of teeth?
A. They bite too hard.
B. They eat too much food.
C. They often fight with each other.
【答案】CCA
【解析】M: How was your school trip to the aquarium(水族館) today?
W: It was great! We learned a lot about sea creatures.
M: Yeah? What do you remember the most?
W: Sharks, for sure! Did you know that there are more than 500 different kinds of sharks?
M: Wow, really?
W: Yeah. I was really surprised by that number, and what’s more fascinating is that sharks have been around for more than 420 million years! Can you believe that?
M: Oh! I just know from TV programs that they’re super dangerous, and their teeth are so scary!
W: Right! Actually, their teeth are constantly replaced during their average 30-year life, because they eat so violently that they often break their teeth! A shark can lose about 80 teeth a month. Isn’t that crazy?
M: Yeah. And they can grow their teeth back?
W: Yes! And their teeth are much bigger than our teeth!
聽下面一段較長對話,回答以14、15、16、17小題。
14. What is the conversation mainly about?
A. Fighting fires. B. Detecting fires. C. Using fires.
15. How many fires did California have in 2020?
A. Around 50. B. About 400. C. Over 8600.
16. What size of fire can the new satellites discover?
A. Size of a car. B. Size of a plane. C. Size of a sports field.
17. What is the woman's main concern?
A. Saving animals. B. Saving the trees. C. Saving humans.
【答案】BCAA
【解析】W: We’re developing a new technology that can detect forest fires as soon as they start.
M: That sounds amazing. Given how many fires there have been recently, it’s something the world desperately needs.
W: Indeed. In 2020 alone, California has had over 8600 fires, losing roughly 4% of the state’s trees.
M: That is truly mind-blowing.
W: Yes. The other place where it will be useful is Australia. At the start of the year, there were 50 separate bushfires burning across the country.
M: So how will your new detection system work?
W: We’re going to use a new range of satellites which have heat cameras.
M: Don’t other satellites have those?
W: Yes, but none is so advanced. They can detect a fire the size of a football field. The new one can sense a fire the size of a car.
M: And will that be enough of a difference to stop the fire from spreading?
W: We believe so. Hopefully it will give firefighters enough time to stop it before it gets too big. If they get the plane up in time they could stop it dead.
M: If it works, I really hope you get recognition for it.
W: I just want to try and stop trees from burning, and more importantly, protect the poor animals that live in them.
M: I know, we often only consider the human cost, never the animal one.
聽下面一段獨白,回答18、19、20小題。
18. What did Catlin Powers find through her research?
A. People used the stoves less often.
B. Outdoor air pollution was not that serious.
C. Indoor air pollution was related to the way of cooking.
D. An increasing number of trees were cut down every year.
19. According to Powers and Frank, what might be the solution to the problem?
A. Taking advantage of greener energy.
B. Building a base in the Himalayas.
C. Depending on animal waste for fuel.
D. Finding land covered with forests.
20. Which of the following is special about the cooker designed by Powers’ team?
A. It was resistant to water.
B. It was easy to pack and move.
C. It worked well on rainy days.
D. It looked like a pot or a pan.
【答案】CAB
【解析】In 2007, environmental scientist Catlin Powers was carrying out climate research when a local asked her why researchers were so interested in outdoor air pollution when indoor air pollution was such a serious problem. Through further research, Powers discovered that every year, around four million people globally were dying because of the smoke from the stoves they used indoors. Part of the problem was the fuel: animal waste and wood, which produce a lot of smoke. In addition, depending on these sources of fuel creates other problems: it means animal waste is no longer available to fertilise the soil and leads to the illegal cutting down of trees.
Powers immediately began trying to figure out ways to make cooking cleaner. She was introduced to Scot Frank and the two immediately began talking about ways to solve the problems of indoor air pollution.
They realized the solution lay in using the cleaner, more environmentally friendly energy of the sun. Having decided that solar power was the way to go, Frank and Powers, and engineer Amy Qian began working with university students in the Himalayas to collect feedback on the design features needed for a sun-powered cooker. Though some models of solar cooker had been introduced to the region by aid organizations, they weren’t easy to pack and move, and so weren’t suitable for people who travel from place to place all the time. The team came up with a design that looks something like an umbrella or a satellite dish. When sunlight hits the reflective inner curve of the disc, it bounces off and can be focused onto the bottom of a pot or pan.
Now listen again, please.
第二部分 閱讀(共兩節(jié), 滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2.5分, 滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。
A
(2022,新高考I卷)Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature
Grading Scale
90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E.
Essays (60%)
Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.
Group Assignments (30%)
Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作業(yè)) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system.
Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%)
Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded.
Late Work
An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.
21. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A textbook. B. An exam paper. C. A course plan. D. An academic article.
22. How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
23. What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date?
A. You will receive a zero. B. You will lose a letter grade.
C. You will be given a test. D. You will have to rewrite it.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了文學概論課程評分辦法。
【21題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標題“Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature (文學概論課程評分辦法)”和Essays (60%)部分“Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade of for this course (你的四篇主要文章將構成本課程評分的主要部分)”可知,文章介紹了文學概論課程評分辦法。由此推知,本文是出自一個課程計劃。故選C項。
【22題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)黑體小標題“Essays (60%)”以及“Group Assignments (30%)”和“Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Groups Work/Homework (10%)”可知,學生的最終成績由3部分組成。故選B項。
【23題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Late Work”部分“If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. (如果沒有在截止日期后的第4天上交,將會得到零分)”可知,如果在截止日期后一周才交文章,你將會得零分。故選A項。
B
(2021,新高考II卷)I have worked as a keeper at the National Zoo, Paris for 11 years. Spot and Stripe are the first tiger cubs that have ever been born here. Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home.
I've got two children—the younger one, Kynan, was extremely happy about the tigers arriving - but all of us really looked forward to being part of their lives and watching them grow. I wasn't worried about bringing them into my home with my wife and kids. These were cubs. They weighed about 2.5 kg and were so small that there was absolutely no risk.
As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd get up to mischief. We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo.
Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired. I was grateful that my family was there to help. We had to have a bit of a production line going, making up “tiger milk”, washing baby bottles, and cleaning the floors.
When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go. It was hard for us to finally part with them. For the first few days, Kynan was always a bit disappointed that the cubs weren't there.
I'm not sad about it. I'm hands-on with them every day at the zoo, and I do look back very fondly on the time that we had them.
24. Why did the author bring the tiger cubs home?
A. To ensure their survival. B. To observe their differences.
C. To teach them life skills. D. To let them play with his kids.
25. What do the underlined words “get up to mischief” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Behave badly. B. Lose their way. C. Sleep soundly. D. Miss their mom.
26. What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home?
A. Boring. B. Tiring. C. Costly. D. Risky.
27. Why did the author decide to send Spot and Stripe back to the zoo?
A. They frightened the children. B. They became difficult to contain.
C. They annoyed the neighbours. D. They started fighting each other.
【答案】 AABB
【解析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者為了保證兩只老虎幼崽的存活,決定在家里全天候照顧它們。介紹了老虎在作者家生活的情況以及作者照顧老虎的感受。
24.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home. (在全球范圍內,動物園里三分之一的蘇門答臘老虎幼崽活不到成年,所以我決定在家里全天候照顧它們)”可知,作者把老虎幼崽帶回家是為了確保他們的存活。故選A。
25.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd ”(隨著它們的活動越來越多,我們白天讓它們在房子里自由活動,但當我們睡覺時,我們必須把它們關在一個大房間里,否則它們會)以及后文“We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo.”(我們早上下樓時發(fā)現(xiàn)他們把房間弄得亂七八糟,讓它看起來像個動物園。)可知,作者不得不把老虎們關在一個大房間里,否則它們就會調皮搗蛋,表現(xiàn)不好。早上下樓時發(fā)現(xiàn)他們把房間弄得亂七八糟,看起來像個動物園。故畫線詞意思是“表現(xiàn)不好”。故選A。
26.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired.(由于需要大量的精力來照顧它們,事情很快變得非常緊張。有一段艱難的日子,我只是覺得非常累)”可推知,作者認為在家里養(yǎng)小老虎累人。故選B。
27.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go.(當Spot和Stripe四個月大的時候,他們正在學習如何開門和跳柵欄,我們知道是時候讓他們離開了)”可知,作者決定把Spot 和Stripe送回動物園是因為他們變得難以控制。故選B。
C
(2022,新高考I卷)The elderly residents (居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.
The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善組織) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing. It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.
Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school. ”
“I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they’ve gone to bed.”
“It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.”
There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.
Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”
Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”
28. What is the purpose of the project?
A. To ensure harmony in care homes. B. To provide part-time jobs for the aged.
C. To raise money for medical research. D. To promote the elderly people’s welfare.
29. How has the project affected Ruth Xavier?
A. She has learned new life skills. B. She has gained a sense of achievement.
C. She has recovered her memory. D. She has developed a strong personality.
30. What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7?
A. Improve. B. Oppose. C. Begin. D. Evaluate.
31. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs?
A. It is well received. B. It needs to be more creative.
C. It is highly profitable. D. It takes ages to see the results.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了旨在減少孤獨,改善老年人的健康狀況的項目。
【28題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善組織) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing (該項目由當?shù)匾患掖壬茩C構構想,旨在減少孤獨,改善老年人的健康狀況。)”可知,這個項目的目的是為了減少孤獨和提高老年人的幸福感。故選D項。
【29題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段““It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.” (有不同的關注點很好。人們把自己的孩子帶進來看母雞,居民們也來外面坐著看它們。我喜歡創(chuàng)造性的活動,做一些有用的事情的感覺很好。)”可知,Ruth Xavier很享受做這些事,她覺得自己在做有用的事,這能夠給她來良好的感覺,因此可知通過該項目她獲得了一種成就感。故選B項。
【30題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.” (彭福街60號的額外護理經(jīng)理Wendy Wilson是第一批參與該項目的人之一,她說:“居民們非常歡迎該項目的想法和創(chuàng)意會議。我們期待這個項目能給這里的人們帶來好處和樂趣?!?”可知,Wendy Wilson是著手這項工程的人之一,也是做這個項目的創(chuàng)始人之一,因此可知,畫線處embark on意為“開始著手做某事”,與C項“Begin (開始)”含義相近。故選C項。
【31題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here. (居民們非常歡迎該項目的想法和創(chuàng)意會議。我們期待這個項目能給這里的人們帶來好處和樂趣。)”以及最后一段“Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.” (“諾丁山路徑”的負責人林恩·劉易斯說:“我們很高興能參與這個項目。它將通過共同的興趣和創(chuàng)造性活動真正幫助我們的居民聯(lián)系起來?!?”可知,該項目得到了居民們的認可,大家很歡迎這個項目,而且這個項目將會帶來一些好處,因此可知這個項目的反響很好,很受歡迎。故選A項。
D
(2020年,新高考I卷)According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份), it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.
To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly(表面上)participate in a study about movie viewership. Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.
Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took significantly more when the actor was thin.
For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.
The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we're making decisions. If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I. Call it the “I’ll have what she's having” effect. However, we'll adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion, I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, I'll follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I?
32. What is the recent study mainly about?
A. Food safety. B. Movie viewership.
C. Consumer demand. D. Eating behavior.
33. What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A. Big eaters. B. Overweight persons.
C. Picky eaters. D. Tall thin persons.
34. Why did the researchers hire the actor?
A. To see how she would affect the participants.
B. To test if the participants could recognize her.
C. To find out what she would do in the two tests.
D. To study why she could keep her weight down.
35. On what basis do we “adjust the influence” according to the last paragraph?
A. How hungry we are. B. How slim we want to be.
C. How we perceive others. D. How we feel about the food.
【答案】 DDA C
【解析】本文是說明文。最近的研究表明:我們的飲食伙伴的大小和消費習慣都會影響我們的食物攝入量。文章詳述了這個實驗的過程。
32. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake”可知,根據(jù)消費者研究雜志最近的一項研究,我們的飲食伙伴的大小和消費習慣都會影響我們的食物攝入量。因此這項研究是關于飲食行為的。故選D。
33. 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)前半句“And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份)”可知,現(xiàn)有的研究認為:你應該避免和體重較重、點大份飯菜的人一起吃飯。后半句認為,你真正應該避免的是the beanpoles with big appetites。由contrary to可推斷出,畫線詞和heavier people(超重的人)相反,結合選項,D選項(瘦瘦高高的人)正好和heavier people正好相反。故選D。
34. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments”可知, 為了測試社會影響對飲食習慣的影響,研究人員進行了兩個實驗。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的內容可知,在兩個實驗中,胖的和瘦的演員都吃了大量的食物。參與者也照做,吃的食物比平常多。 然而,當演員是瘦的時候,參與者們服用的食物更多。由此推斷,研究人員雇用演員是為了看看她如何影響參與者。故選A。
35. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“If an overweight person is having a large portion, I’ll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, I’ll follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can’t I? ”可知,如果一個超重的人吃很大一份,我會忍住一點,因為我看到了他飲食習慣的結果。但如果一個瘦的人吃很多,我會跟著做。如果他吃得多保持苗條,為什么我不能呢? 因此推斷我們是根據(jù)我們對他人的看法(即:如何看待他人)來調整影響的。故選C。
第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2. 5分, 滿分12. 5分)
閱讀下面短文, 從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
(2022,浙江卷)I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. ____36____
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times it may be to entertain inform, or persuade. ____37____ And when writing doesn’t seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. ____38____ You write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
____39____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done. ____40____ This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience.
A. It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B. But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.
C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E. You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. E 39. F 40. G
【導語】本文是一篇議論文。作者通過講述孩子們通過給圣誕老人寫信暗示得到自己心儀的禮物,從而論證觀點:人們寫作都是帶有某種目的的。
【36題詳解】
根據(jù)空前“As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. (隨著孩子們逐漸長大,他們會給圣誕老人一些提示,告訴他去哪里買禮物。)”可知,孩子們給圣誕老人提示去哪買禮物。結合選項可知,D項“As a result, each year they received something they wanted. (結果,他們每年都會收到他們想要的東西。)”為孩子們提示的結果:收到心儀的禮物。前后為明顯的因果關系。故選D項。
【37題詳解】
根據(jù)空前“Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times t may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. (有時我們的目的是為了獲得東西,有時可能是為了娛樂、告知或說服。)”可知,我們寫作都是帶著目的的。結合選項B“But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be. (但它總是有目的的——或者至少應該是這樣。)”可知,前后語意一致,說明寫作是帶有目的的。故選B項。
【38題詳解】
根據(jù)空前“When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. (當孩子們?yōu)檎嬲淖x者和真正的目的寫作時,他們就能學會相應地選擇用詞。)”以及空后“You write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect. (你寫“親愛的圣誕老人”是因為你不認識他,你想表達對他的尊重。)”可知,空后句和空前句之間是“理論——實踐”的關系,由此可推知,空處也應為具體的實踐。結合選項E“You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them. (你寫“嗨,奶奶和爸爸”,因為你和他們很親近。)”可知,符合這一邏輯。而且和空后結構一致。故選E項。
【39題詳解】
根據(jù)空后“Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly producing written messages. (在玩電子游戲時發(fā)短信、在線消息、實時聊天都意味著他們在不斷地產生書面信息。 )”可知,科技的發(fā)展讓人們的寫作變得更普遍。結合選項F“As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have. (隨著科技的發(fā)展,年輕人寫的東西比以前更多了。)”可知,前后語意一致,符合語境。故選F項。
【40題詳解】
根據(jù)空前“There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done. (這種寫作方式并沒有錯。它迎合了觀眾和目的,完成了任務。)”可知,作者在評價這種科技影響下的寫作方式。結合選項G“But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems. (但如果這是年輕人唯一的寫作方式,那就會造成問題。)”可知,前后語意一致,從正反兩方面評價科技帶來的寫作。故選G項。
第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題1分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
(2022·新高考·Ⅱ卷)Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it ___41___ . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive ___42___ , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel ___43___ .
They’re part of a new form of the ___44___ economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in ___45___ homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s ___46___ .
It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully ___47___ their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to ___48___ . But house sitting also offers a level of ___49___ they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like ____50____ at a friend’s house,” Jessica says.
The couple has a high ____51____ rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s ____52____ . For Jessica, that means ____53____ plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house ____54____ and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right ____55____ ,” she says.
41.A.indoors B.online C.single-handed D.full-time
42.A.game B.service C.vacation D.procedure
43.A.safe B.busy C.helpful D.affordable
44.A.local B.private C.sharing D.agricultural
45.A.strangers’ B.parents’ C.co-workers’ D.neighbors’
46.A.favor B.defense C.honor D.absence
47.A.plan B.explain C.compare D.complete
48.A.buy B.transport C.choose D.please
49.A.support B.comfort C.control D.attention
50.A.cooking B.staying C.waiting D.studying
51.A.success B.survival C.growth D.unemployment
52.A.budget B.abilities C.expectations D.understanding
53.A.admiring B.donating C.sending D.borrowing
54.A.clean B.open C.simple D.empty
55.A.guess B.decision C.response D.impression
【答案】
41.D????42.C????43.D????44.C???45.A???46.D???47.A???48.D???49.B????50.B????51.A????52.C????53.C????54.A????55.B
【導語】這是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了Jessica和丈夫通過當看房人來環(huán)球旅行的事情。在他們免費住在陌生人家里的過程中,他們會在房主不在的時候喂寵物、給植物澆水。這對夫婦被接受為看房人的成功率很高,他們總是超出房主的預期。
41.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:與他們中的大多數(shù)人不同,這位25歲的年輕人全職從事這項工作。A. indoors室內;B. online在線的;C. single-handed單手的;D. full-time全職的。根據(jù)后文“She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore.(在過去的兩年里,她和她的丈夫周游世界,從巴黎到新加坡都在這里停留)”可知,這位25歲的年輕人全職從事這項工作。故選D。
42.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:這聽起來像是一個漫長而昂貴的假期,但這對夫婦有一種不同尋常的方式讓他們的旅行負擔得起。A. game游戲;B. service服務;C. vacation假期;D. procedure手續(xù)。結合上文可知Jessica在環(huán)球旅行,所以是假期。故選C。
43.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:這聽起來像是一個漫長而昂貴的假期,但這對夫婦有一種不同尋常的方式讓他們的旅行負擔得起。A. safe安全的;B. busy忙碌的;C. helpful有幫助的;D. affordable買的起的。對應上文“It might sound like one long, expensive”指聽起來昂貴,但這對夫婦有一種不同尋常的方式讓他們的旅行負擔得起。故選D。
44.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:他們是共享經(jīng)濟新形式的一部分:在線看房者。A. local當?shù)氐?;B. private私人的;C. sharing分享;D. agricultural農業(yè)的。根據(jù)后文“economy: an online group of house sitters”以及提到他們免費住在陌生人家里,可見是共享經(jīng)濟,故選C。
45.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:在他們免費住在陌生人家里的過程中,他們會在房主不在的時候喂寵物、給植物澆水。A. strangers’陌生人的;B. parents’父母的;C. co-workers’同事的;D. neighbors’鄰居的。根據(jù)上文可知他們在環(huán)球旅行,所以是住在陌生人的家里。故選A。
46.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:在他們免費住在陌生人家里的過程中,他們會在房主不在的時候喂寵物、給植物澆水。A. favor幫助;B. defense防御;C. honor榮譽;D. absence缺席。根據(jù)上文“they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s”指在房主不在的時候喂寵物、給植物澆水。故選D。
47.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:這兩位旅行者仔細地計劃他們的旅行,圍繞著有時很難取悅的寵物安排他們的日子。A. plan計劃;B. explain解釋;C. compare比較;D. complete完成。根據(jù)賓語“their trips”指計劃旅行,應用plan。故選A。
48.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:這兩位旅行者仔細地計劃他們的旅行,圍繞著有時很難取悅的寵物安排他們的日子。A. buy購買;B. transport運輸;C. choose選擇;D. please取悅。根據(jù)上文“the pets that are sometimes difficult to”指某些寵物很難照管,故選D。
49.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:但照看房子也能提供一種在酒店里找不到的舒適感。A. support支持;B. comfort舒適,安慰;C. control控制;D. attention注意力。結合后文提到像住在朋友家,可見照看房子也能提供一種在酒店里找不到的舒適感。故選B。
50.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:“這就像住在朋友家一樣,”Jessica說。A. cooking烹飪;B. staying停留;C. waiting等待;D. studying學習。根據(jù)后文“at a friend’s house”指像呆在朋友家,應用stay at。故選B。
51.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:這對夫婦被接受為看房人的成功率很高,他們總是超出房主的預期。A. success成功;B. survival存活;C. growth生長;D. unemployment失業(yè)。根據(jù)后文“rate in getting accepted as house sitters”可知此處指他們被接受為看房人的成功率,應用success。故選A。
52.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:這對夫婦被接受為看房人的成功率很高,他們總是超出房主的預期。A. budget預算;B. abilities能力;C. expectations期待;D. understanding理解。上文提到這對夫婦被接受為看房人的成功率很高,是因為他們總是超出房主的預期,所以成功率才高。故選C。
53.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:對杰西卡來說,這意味著發(fā)送大量快樂寵物的照片,保持房子的清潔,在去下一個房子之前留下一份漂亮的小禮物。A. admiring欽佩;B. donating捐贈;C. sending發(fā)送;D. borrowing借來。根據(jù)后文“plenty of pictures of happy pets”指給房主發(fā)送寵物的照片。故選C。
54.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:對杰西卡來說,這意味著發(fā)送大量快樂寵物的照片,保持房子的清潔,在去下一個房子之前留下一份漂亮的小禮物。A. clean干凈的;B. open開放的;C. simple簡單的;D. empty空的。根據(jù)上文可知,他們的職責就是照看房子,所以要保持房子的清潔。故選A。
55.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:“你要讓房主覺得他們做了正確的決定,”她說。A. guess猜測;B. decision決定;C. response反應;D. impression印象。是房主選擇了他們當看房人,所以是房主做了正確的決定,故選B。
第二節(jié)(共10小題:每小題1. 5分, 滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。
(2022·新高考·Ⅱ卷)Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (陽臺), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___56___ (fall) child.
Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK.
___57___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___58___ (sleep) while watching TV.
Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___59___ (see) them. When he looked down, he ___60___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes ___61___ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
Henry ___62___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___63___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
He saved my ___64___ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___65___ to thank him.”
"I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry.
【答案】56.falling????57.The????58.asleep????59.to see????60.accidentally????61.and????62.was fixing????63.threw????64.son's????65.how
【導語】本文是一篇記敘文,講述的是正在修車的Henry拯救了掛在六樓公寓的陽臺上,即將要掉下來的小孩Eric的故事。
56.考查非謂語動詞。句意:當亨利看到一個小男孩掛在六樓公寓的陽臺上時,他跑了100米,跳過了1.2米高的柵欄,伸出雙臂去接要掉下來的孩子。句中的hold out為謂語動詞,設空處應該使用非謂語動詞。根據(jù)句意,fall為動詞,意為“掉落”, child和fall之間是主動關系,同時表示正在進行的含義。故應該使用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。故填falling。
57.考查冠詞。句意:布朗一家住在多倫多郊外的一棟公寓樓里。根據(jù)句子結構,設空處要填寫冠詞與Brown family 構成名詞短語作主語。the+姓氏,意為“某某一家人”,the符合句意。同時該單詞置于句首,首字母應該大寫。故填The。
58.考查形容詞。句意:他們倆看電視的時候都睡著了。根據(jù)句子結構可知,設空處應該填寫形容詞作表語。sleep為動詞,意為“睡覺”,其形容詞為asleep。fall asleep為固定搭配,意為“熟睡的”,asleep符合句意。故填asleep。
59.考查非謂語動詞。句意:過了一會兒,艾瑞克聽到孩子們在外面玩耍的聲音,醒了過來。他把一把椅子推到陽臺上,爬上去看他們。句中的climb up為謂語動詞,設空處應該使用謂語動詞。根據(jù)句意,他要爬到陽臺去看他們(外面玩鬧的孩子們。),故應該使用to do不定式作目的狀語。故填to see。
60.考查副詞。句意:當他往下看時,不小心滑了一跤,從懸崖邊上掉了下去。根據(jù)句子結構,設空處應該填寫副詞修飾動詞slipped。accidental為形容詞,意為“意外的,失誤的”,其副詞為accidentally,意為“意外地,失誤地”,符合句意。故填accidentally。
61.考查連詞。句意:他堅持了幾分鐘,尖叫喊著他的父親,但他的父親沒有聽到他。根據(jù)句子結構,設空處應該填寫連詞,連接hung和screamed兩個動作。根據(jù)句意,此處表示并列關系。故填and。
62.考查動詞。句意:聽到尖叫聲時,亨利正在修車。根據(jù)句子結構,設空處應該填寫謂語動詞。根據(jù)空后的when he heard the screams,可知,設空處的動作是正在發(fā)生的,同時該句描述的是過去的事實。故使用過去進行時。fix為動詞,意為“修理”,其過去進行時為was fixing。故填was fixing。
63.考查過去式。句意:他迅速把工具扔到一邊,伸出胳膊跑了起來。根據(jù)句子結構,設空處與空后的and started構成并列結構。故應該使用一般過去時。throw為動詞,意為“扔”,過去時為threw。故填threw。
64.考查名詞所有格。句意:他拯救了我兒子的生命。根據(jù)句意,life與提示詞son之間是所屬關系,故應該使用名詞所有格。故填son’s。
65.考查特殊疑問詞。句意:我不知道如何去感謝他。根據(jù)句子結構,設空處填寫的是特殊疑問詞+to do不定式結構作賓語。根據(jù)句意,how意為“如何”,符合句意。故填how。
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié), 滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(滿分15分)
(2022·全國·甲卷)你校將以六月八日世界海洋日為主題,舉辦英語征文比賽,請你寫一篇短文投稿。
內容包括:
1. 海洋的重要性;
2. 保護海洋的倡議。
注意:1. 詞數(shù)80左右;
2. 短文的題目和首句已為你寫好。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】When it comes to ocean, its pollution is becoming more and more serious. World Ocean Day, falling on June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation.
Ocean plays a key role in our world. Not only does ocean offer us sufficient food, but also it maintains the balance of nature. Thus, it is imperative to protect ocean. First of all, what we can do is to place importance on our daily actions. For example, garbage can’t be thrown into ocean. What’s more, we can also hand out leaflets to call on more people to protect the ocean. The more people are involved, the better the ocean environment is.
All in all, it is high time that we devoted ourselves to protecting ocean. To protect ocean is to protect ourselves.
【導語】本文是一篇應用文,就世界海洋日為主題向英文征文比賽投稿,闡述海洋的重要性并提出一些建議。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
越來越:more and more→increasingly
重視:place importance on→attach importance to
重要的:key→significant
此外:what’s more→furthermore
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復合句
原句:World Ocean Day, falling on June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation.
拓展句:World Ocean Day, which falls on June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation.
【點睛】[高分句型1]Not only does ocean offer us sufficient food, but also it maintains the balance of nature.(運用了部分倒裝結構)
[高分句型2]When it comes to ocean, its pollution is becoming more and more serious.(使用了固定句型)
[高分句型3]First of all, what we can do is to place importance on our daily actions.(使用了主語從句)
第二節(jié)(滿分25分)
(2022·新高考·Ⅱ卷)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。
It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route(路線)through thick evergreen forest.
I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn’t with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run.
What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event!
I quickly searched the crowd for the school’s coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.”
I bit back my frustration(懊惱). I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward.
David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer—that’s all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.
注意:
1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右;
2. 請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答.
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. I said gently and quietly, “No one can change your mind, except yourself. If you desire to challenge yourself, there is nothing to do with others’ thoughts.” He sat still with a deep breath. “You have a full preparation before this event, which is the most important reason why you show up here”, I added with a sincere tone. Hearing my words, David turned to me tremblingly with tears spilling out of his eyes and expressed he had made a firm determination to finish the cross-country run. His coach heard what David said and gave me a look—the kind that was more determined than anyone else’s.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. The race started. It seemed that the runway was extremely long for young children, not to mention a child with a heart disease. David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within the a few kilometers. It didn’t take long before he picked himself up again and continued his mission. Classmates all appeared on the racing track, cheering for him. “Come on! You can make it! We are proud of you!” they shouted enthusiastically. To everyone’s joy, he reached the final line and ranked the 20th. It was no more important whether he won the first place or not. It was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally.
【導語】本文以人物為線索展開,講述了作者是一名特殊教育教師,在大型越野賽跑那天,發(fā)現(xiàn)患有大腦疾病的大衛(wèi)獨自站在一旁。作者問其原因,他說準備放棄比賽。從教練口中得知,因為擔心同學們會嘲笑大衛(wèi),所以教練想讓大衛(wèi)自己去決定是否參加賽跑。作者讓大衛(wèi)追尋自己的內心,不理會別人的看法,大衛(wèi)最終參賽,盡管遇到困難,他戰(zhàn)勝了自己,這已經(jīng)無關名次,而是他的勇敢和堅定讓這一切成為可能。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫:
①由第一段首句內容“我們挨著坐著,但大衛(wèi)不愿看我一眼?!笨芍谝欢慰擅鑼懽髡吖膭畲笮l(wèi)繼續(xù)完成比賽,大衛(wèi)經(jīng)過強烈的心理斗爭,最終決定參加比賽。
②由第二段首句內容“我看著大衛(wèi)和其他選手一起走到起跑線上?!笨芍?,第二段可描寫大衛(wèi)開始參賽,雖然中途遇到困難,仍然堅持到最后,完成比賽。
2.續(xù)寫線索:鼓勵大衛(wèi)——心理變化——決定參賽——克服困難——加油助威——完成比賽——感悟
3.詞匯激活:
行動類:
①深呼吸:with a deep breath/breathe deeply
②堅持做:insisted on doing/be stick to doing
情緒類:
①熱情:enthusiastically /with great passion
②驕傲:be proud of/take pride in
【點睛】[高分句型1]You have a full preparation before this event, which is the most important reason why you show up here. (由which引導的非限制性定語從句和why引導的限制性定語從句)
[高分句型2]Hearing my words, David turned to me tremblingly with tears spilling out of his eyes and expressed he had made a firm determination to finish the cross-country run. (現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語和省略that的賓語從句)
[高分句型3]It was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally. (由It was...that結構引導的強調句型)
.
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