?2023年高考英語(yǔ)考場(chǎng)仿真演練卷
（上海卷）
（解析版）

I. Listening Comprehension Section A （第1-10題, 每題1分；第11-20題，每題1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1．
A．Supermarket. B．Tailor’s shop.
C．Department store. D．Convenience store.
【答案】B
【原文】M: Good morning! Can I help you ?
W: Yes! The dress is too long. Would you please shorten that for me ?
Q: Where does this conversation probably take place?
2．
A．200 pounds. B．600 pounds.
C．300 pounds. D．700 pounds.
【答案】D
【原文】W: I’ll take the room. How much is the rent?
M: Well, it’s 200 pounds each month. You need to pay 3 months rents in advance. Plus deposit of 100 pounds.
Q: How much should the women pay in total?
3．
A．Call the ticket office later. B．Order the tickets online.
C．Not to buy the ticket on the Internet. D．Order the tickets when it’s not busy.
【答案】B
【原文】M: I’m so sick of calling the ticket office. The line is always busy.
W: Why don’t you order through the Internet?
Q: What does the women suggest the man do?
4．
A．Borrowing money from a business company.
B．Lending some money to a student.
C．Asking for some financial aid.
D．Reading students’ application.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Tom, do you have any idea where Sally is?
M: Yes, I saw her in the business office. She was applying for a student loan.
Q: what was Sally doing?
5．
A．The bed is to blame for his not falling asleep.
B．He can fall asleep if he stops drinking.
C．He can drink more to fall asleep easily.
D．Drinking is good for sleeping.
【答案】B
【原文】M: I couldn’t sleep at all last night. The bed is not comfortable.
W: Don’t blame the bed. You should stop drinking wine.
Q: What does the woman imply?
6．
A．He is satisfied with the content. B．He feels sorry for it.
C．He thinks it is valueless. D．He thinks it is valuable.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Just look at today's paper. Nothing but accidents or gossip.
W: Right. Nothing is worth reading.
Q: What is the speaker's attitude towards today's paper?
7．
A．Professor Smith spoke Greek when he explained the maths problem.
B．The woman still didn’t understand the maths problem.
C．Unfortunately, she didn’t hear Professor Smith’s explanation.
D．Professor Smith didn’t explain the problem clearly.
【答案】B
【原文】M: Professor Smith explained the maths problem clearly.
W: Did he? Unfortunately, it is still all Greek to me.
Q: What can we learn from the conversation?
8．
A．Collect papers for the man. B．Do the typing once again.
C．Check the paper for typing errors. D．Read the whole newspaper.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Are you sure you’ve corrected all the typing errors in this paper?
W: Perhaps I’d better read it through again.
Q: What’s the woman going to do?
9．
A．Proceed in his own way.
B．Stick to the original plan.
C．Negotiate with his colleague.
D．Try to change his colleague’s mind.
【答案】C
【原文】M: The biological project is now in trouble. You know my colleague and I have completely different ideas about how to proceed.
W: Why don’t you talk about it? Try to make it a win-win situation for you both.
Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?
10．
A．His project proved to be unsuccessful.
B．He was unable to get sufficient money.
C．Lack of land prevented his success.
D．He was successful with his project.
【答案】D
【原文】M: How did Mr. Graves projects turn out? I heard he had trouble with the financing and he then couldn’t get the land he wanted.
W: It’s true! He did have difficulties but all in all it couldn’t have turned out better.
Q: What did you learn about Mr. Graves?
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions will be read twice, but the question will be spoken only one the four possible answers on your paper and decide which o you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage
11．
A．To guide and help children’s play.
B．To give children an opportunity to play.
C．To make children excited.
D．To keep children company.
12．
A．It determines the standard a child can reach.
B．It is the happiest period during one’s life.
C．It is the most important time to shape one’s character.
D．It is the best time for children to learn new things.
13．
A．The relationship between play and learning.
B．The way to help children develop both physically and mentally.
C．The importance of children’s play.
D．Different stages of children’s development.
【答案】11．A 12．A 13．C
【原文】
Play is the principal business of children, and in recent years more and more research have shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being. From earliest infancy, every child needs an opportunity and the right materials for play, and the main tools of play are toys. Their main function is to suggest, encourage and assist play. Therefore, it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child’s development. Some research in recent years on infant development has shown the standard a child is likely to reach is largely determined in the first three years of his life. So a baby’s ability to profit from the right play materials should not be underestimated. A baby who is encouraged and stimulated, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully. The next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. By the third stage of play development-- from five to seven or eight years the child is at school. But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school. It is easier now to see which type of toys the child most enjoys.
Now listen again, please.
1. What is the main function of toys?
2. Why is it said the first three years of one’s life is important?
3. What does the passage mainly discuss?
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14．
A．It tends to wander towards unpleasant experiences.
B．It wanders for almost half of their waking time.
C．It has trouble concentrating after a brain injury.
D．It tends to be affected by their negative feelings.
15．
A．To find how happiness relates to daydreaming.
B．To observe how one’s mind affects one’s behavior.
C．To see why daydreaming impacts what one is doing.
D．To study the relation between health and daydreaming.
16．
A．Participants with clear goals in mind outperformed those without clear goals.
B．The difference in performance between the two groups was insignificant.
C．Non-daydreamers were more confused on their tasks than daydreamers.
D．Daydreamers did better than non-daydreamers in task performance.
【答案】14．B 15．A 16．D
【原文】
In 2014, one in sixteen Americans visited the hospital emergency room for home injuries. One of the main causes of these accidents? A wandering mind!??By one estimate, people daydream through nearly half of their waking hours.
Psychologists have recently focused on the tendency to think about something other than the task one is doing. For one experiment, researchers developed an app to analyze the relationship between daydreaming and happiness. They found that the average person’s mind wandered most frequently about 65% of the time during personal activities, such as brushing their teeth and combing their hair. Respondents’ minds tended to wander more when they felt upset rather than happy. They were more likely to wander toward pleasant topics than unpleasant ones.
How do daydreams affect daydreamers? A wandering mind leaves us vulnerable when driving. In one study, researchers interviewed 955 people involved in traffic accidents, the majority of them reported having daydream just before the accident.
Yet other research suggests that daydreaming has benefits. Researchers have found that it gives us a chance to think about our goals and it also seems to increase creativity. In one experiment, 145 undergraduates completed four “unusual uses” tasks, each requiring them to list as many uses as possible for an everyday object. After the first pair of tasks was completed, one group of participants was assigned an undemanding activity intended to cause their minds to wander. When all the participants proceeded to the second pair of tasks, the daydreamers performed 40% better than the others.
Now listen again, please.
1.What does the passage say about people’s mind?
2.For what purpose did the researchers develop the new app?
3.What was the finding of the experiment with 145 undergraduates?
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17．
A．Their average lifespan was less than 50 years.
B．It was very common for them to have 12 children.
C．They retired from work much earlier than today.
D．They were quite optimistic about their future.
18．
A．Get ready for ecological changes.
B．Adapt to the new environment.
C．Learn to use new technology.
D．Explore ways to stay young.
19．
A．When all women go out to work.
B．When family planning is enforced.
C．When a world government is set up.
D．When all people become wealthier.
20．
A．Eliminate poverty and injustice.
B．Migrate to other planets.
C．Control the environment.
D．Find inexhaustible resources.
【答案】17．A 18．C 19．D 20．C
【原文】W: Hi, Professor Smith. I hear you’ve written a book titled Visions.
M: Yes. It explains how science will revolutionize in the future.
W: Could I ask you some questions concerning the book?
M: Sure.
W: Are you optimistic about the future?
M: Generally, yeah. If we go back to the year of 1900, most Americans didn’t live beyond the age of 50. Since then, we’ve had improvements in health care and technology.
W: Are we ready for the changes that will come?
M: Changes are already happening. The future is here now. We have DNA, microchips and the Internet. Some people’s reaction is to say, “We are too old; we don’t understand new technology.” My reaction is to say, “We must educate people to use new technology now.”
W: Is world population going to be a big problem?
M: Yes, and no. I think that world population will stop increasing as we all get richer. If you are a part of the middle class, you don’t want or need 12 children.
W: Will there be a world government?
M: Very probably. We will have to manage the world and its resources on a global level because countries alone are too small.
W: Will we have control of everything?
M: I think we’ll learn to control the weather, volcanoes and earthquakes. Illness won’t exist. We’ll grow new livers, kidneys, hearts, and lungs like spare parts of a car. People will live to about 130 or 150. For 2000 years, we have tried to understand our environment. Now we’ll begin to control it.
Questions:
1. What does Professor Smith say about most Americans around the year of 1900?
2. What does Professor Smith advise we do?
3. When will the world population stop growing according to Professor Smith?
4. What does Professor Smith think human beings will be able to do?

II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每題1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Everywhere I look outside my home I see people busy on their high-tech devices, while driving, walking, shopping, even sitting in toilets. ____21____ connected electronically, they are away from physical reality.
People ____22____ （influence） to become technology addicted. One survey reported that “addicted” was the word most commonly used by people ____23____ （describe） their relationship to iPad and similar devices. One study found that people had a harder time ____24____ （resist） the temptation of social media than they did for sleep, cigarettes and alcohol.
The main goal of technology companies is to get people to spend more money and time on their products, not to actually improve our quality of life. They have successfully created a cultural disease. I see people ____25____ （trap）in a pathological （病態(tài)的） relationship with time-consuming technology,____26____ they serve technology more than technology serves them. I call this technology servitude（奴役）. I am referring to a loss of personal freedom and independence ____27____ uncontrolled consumption of many kinds of devices that eat up time and money.
What is a healthy use of technology devices? That is the vital question. Who is really in charge of my life? That is what we need to ask ____28____ if we are to have any chance of breaking up false beliefs about the use of technology. When we can live happily without using so much technology for a day or a week, then we can regain control and personal freedom, become the master of technology and discover what there is to enjoy in life free of technology. Mae West is famous for the wisdom that “too much of a good thing is wonderful.” ____29____ it's time to discover today's overused technology.
Richard Fernandez, an executive coach at Google acknowledged that “we can be swept away by our technologies,” To break the grand digital connection, people must consider ______30______ life long ago could be fantastic without today's overused technology.
【答案】
21．When 22．have been influenced 23．to describe 24．resisting 25．trapped 26．where 27．with 28．ourselves 29．But 30．how
【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文，介紹了人們對(duì)電子產(chǎn)品和科技的過(guò)分依賴(lài)，并探討了如何修正這種病態(tài)的關(guān)系。
21．考查狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。句意：當(dāng)他們沉迷于電子設(shè)備時(shí)，它們遠(yuǎn)離了現(xiàn)實(shí)世界。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，前部分是省略后的狀語(yǔ)從句，空格處應(yīng)填入連詞；根據(jù)“ they are away from physical reality.”可知此處表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，本劇運(yùn)用了狀語(yǔ)從句的省略，完整形式為：When they are connected electronically，相當(dāng)于省略了they are（主從句主語(yǔ)一致）。故填When。
22．考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：人們已經(jīng)受到影響，對(duì)科技上了癮。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知設(shè)空處為句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；主語(yǔ)People與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞influence之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且“影響”已經(jīng)發(fā)生造成后果，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；又因集體名詞People作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。故填have been influenced。
23．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，“上癮”是人們最常用來(lái)描述他們與iPad和與之類(lèi)似設(shè)備的關(guān)系的詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知設(shè)空處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，又因句中有固定搭配be used to do…（被用來(lái)做……），所以應(yīng)用不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填to describe。
24．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，相比睡眠、香煙和酒精，人們更難抵制社交媒體的誘惑。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知設(shè)空處為賓語(yǔ)從句中非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，又因句中有固定搭配have a good/hard/difficult time (in) doing…所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填resisting。
25．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：我看到人們被困在一種與耗時(shí)的科技相關(guān)的病態(tài)關(guān)系中。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知設(shè)空處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，people與trap之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示“人們被困”，所以應(yīng)該使用過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。故填trapped。
26．考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：我看到人們被困在一種與耗時(shí)的科技相關(guān)的病態(tài)關(guān)系中，在這種關(guān)系中人為技術(shù)服務(wù)，而不是技術(shù)為人服務(wù)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處為非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞relationship，先行詞relationship是“模糊地點(diǎn)”，在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，表示“在這種關(guān)系中”，所以用關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。故填where。
27．考查介詞。句意：我指的是，因?yàn)闊o(wú)節(jié)制地使用各種消耗時(shí)間和金錢(qián)的設(shè)備而帶來(lái)的個(gè)人自由和獨(dú)立的喪失。分析句意可知，loss of personal freedom and independence和uncontrolled consumption of many kinds of devices之間有因果關(guān)系，且空格后是名詞短語(yǔ)，因此用介詞連接，介詞with表示“因?yàn)?，由于”。故填with。
28．考查代詞。句意：我們需要問(wèn)問(wèn)自己，我們是否有機(jī)會(huì)打破關(guān)于技術(shù)使用的錯(cuò)誤信念。根據(jù)下文“if we are to have any chance…”可知，這是我們需要自己?jiǎn)栕约旱膯?wèn)題，應(yīng)用反身代詞。故填ourselves。
29．考查連詞。句意：但是，是時(shí)候發(fā)現(xiàn)今天技術(shù)的過(guò)度使用了。上文“too much of a good thing is wonderful. ”（好東西過(guò)猶不及也奇妙）與下文“it's time to discover today's overused technology.”對(duì)過(guò)度使用技術(shù)的質(zhì)疑之間有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故填But。
30．考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：為了打破與電子設(shè)備間的這種關(guān)系，人們必須想想，沒(méi)有過(guò)度使用的科技，我們?cè)?jīng)的生活會(huì)是多么美好。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知設(shè)空處謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞consider后的賓語(yǔ)從句，結(jié)合句意可知應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)，表示“曾經(jīng)的生活會(huì)是多么美好”。故填how。

Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．inadequate B．repeatedly C． process D．a(chǎn)chieve E. directed F. reactions
G. raising H. eliminate I. characterized J. immediate K. mechanism
The human body can tolerate only a small range of temperature, especially when the person is engaged in vigorous activity. Heat ____31____ usually occur when large amounts of water and/or salt are lost through oversweating following exhausting exercise. When the body becomes overheated and cannot ____32____ this overheatedness, heat exhaustion and heat stroke are possible. Heat exhaustion is generally ____33____ by sweaty skin, tiredness, sickness, dizziness, plentiful sweating, and sometimes fainting, resulting from a(n) ____34____ intake of water and the loss of fluids. First aid treatment for this condition includes having the victim lie down, ____35____ the feet 8 to 12 inches, applying cool, wet cloths to the skin, and giving the victim sips of salt water (1 teaspoon per glass, half a glass every 15 minutes) over a 1-hour period.
Heat stroke is much more serious; it is a(n) ____36____ life-threatening situation. The characteristics of heat stroke are a high body temperature (which may reach 106° F or more); a rapid pulse; hot, dry skin; and a blocked sweating ____37____. Victims of this condition may be unconscious, and first-aid measures should be ____38____ at quickly cooling the body. The victim should be placed in a tub of cold water or ____39____ sponged with cool water until his or her temperature is sufficiently lowered. Fans or air conditioners will also help with the cooling _____40_____. Care should be taken, however, not to over-chill the victim once the temperature is below 102° F.
【答案】
31．F 32．H 33．I 34．A 35．G 36．J 37．K 38．E 39．B 40．C
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了熱衰竭和中暑的癥狀以及一些急救措施。
31．1．考查名詞。句意：熱反應(yīng)通常發(fā)生在筋疲力竭的運(yùn)動(dòng)后，由于出汗過(guò)多而流失大量的水分和（或者）鹽，此處缺少名詞作主語(yǔ)，根據(jù)occur判斷是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，reaction“反應(yīng)”符合語(yǔ)境，故填F。
32．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)身體過(guò)熱而又無(wú)法排除這種過(guò)熱時(shí)，就有可能發(fā)生熱衰竭和中暑。此處缺少謂語(yǔ)，cannot后接動(dòng)詞原形，eliminate“排除”符合語(yǔ)境，故填H。
33．考查固定搭配。句意：熱衰竭的特征通常是皮膚出汗、疲勞、虛弱、頭暈、大量出汗，有時(shí)還會(huì)暈倒，這些是由水的攝入量不足和汗液流失而導(dǎo)致的。be characterized by表示“以……為特點(diǎn)”符合語(yǔ)境，故填I(lǐng)。
34．考查形容詞。句意參考上題解析，修飾intake用形容詞，表示“不足的”，故填A(yù)。
35．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：這種情況的急救措施包括讓患者躺下，抬起腳8到12寸，在皮膚上敷涼的濕布，在一小時(shí)內(nèi)給患者喝鹽水（每杯一茶勺，每15分鐘半杯）。此處與having，applying及giving并列作include的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞，raise“抬起”符合句意，故填G。
36．考查形容詞。句意：中暑嚴(yán)重得多，它是一種立即威及生命的情況。修飾名詞situation用形容詞，根據(jù)中暑嚴(yán)重得多可知此處表示“立即的”，用immediate，故填J。
37．考查名詞。句意：中暑的特征是體溫偏高，快速的脈搏、發(fā)熱、皮膚干燥以及出汗機(jī)制受阻。此處缺少可數(shù)名詞作表語(yǔ)，表示“機(jī)制”，用mechanism。故填K。
38．考查名詞。句意：這種情況的患者可能是無(wú)意識(shí)的，急救措施應(yīng)該針對(duì)迅速冷卻身體。be directed at表示“針對(duì)、對(duì)準(zhǔn)”，direct“針對(duì)”符合語(yǔ)境，故填E。
39．考查副詞。句意：應(yīng)將患者置于裝有冷水的浴缸中或反復(fù)用冷水擦洗，直至其體溫充分降低。修飾動(dòng)詞sponged用副詞作狀語(yǔ)，repeatedly“反復(fù)地”符合語(yǔ)境，故填B。
40．考查名詞。句意：風(fēng)扇或空調(diào)也有助于冷卻過(guò)程。此處缺少名詞作help with的賓語(yǔ)，指前面提到的讓患者體溫降低的過(guò)程，process“過(guò)程”符合語(yǔ)境。故填C。

III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context
The constant working engine that drives the majority of human action is, undoubtedly, the fragrant dream of individualism. And while the presence of its scent is??___41___ throughout the world entirely, its value is worshipped (敬奉) to such an extent in a land no other than that of America.
As the framework of its history, America holds individuality as the ever-popular green light, the essence of which becomes the symbol of hope for, well, almost everything. In fact, in America’s current social status, individuality has become something of a birthright, and a??___42___ applied upon the face of the media, where it was ___43___ valued as the American dream. There is no denying the popularity of this idol in American society, and little hope for??___44___ it.
However,??___45___ most pride themselves in their individualistic state, perhaps humans, when stripped (剝) to their core (核心), are everything but.
It is no new discovery that people are the sum of their experiences. The overwhelming majority of human experiences involve other humans, along with the??___46___and relationships between them. It is a??___47___ occurrence when a life is built upon events without this stimulus. Indeed, interaction is the core of experience. Therefore, in order that humans are the sum of their experiences, they must be the sum of the people that they meet, just as well.
As an Americanized teen, I found the discovery that not only my self-entitled individualism was____48____, but that I, as a being, was a product, increasingly unsettling to accept. Questions __49__ me such as “If I am bits and pieces of everyone I have met — my family, my teachers, all of my friends, and even strangers — then what is left that is just me? What part of me is just me? How much of myself is the combining of different parts of different people? Is such a??___50___ between myself and others even possible?”
Such are inquiries that will continue to be thought about, as I have come to accept that they will remain a??___51___. Therefore, with the allowance of these questions, the response must be a _52_ in the definition of “oneself”. The previously mentioned questions no longer concern me, as I have put a stop to the idea that the “real” me is some lost isolated island on top of an ocean of influence.
I realized that my personality cannot depend on a(n) ___53___ between influence and individualism, as such is a line that cannot be distinct. ___54___, I must be a person whose calmness is a beautifully hazy mixture, and a steady question. Thus, it is the commonly unnoticed durable mystery that is the frustration of those who can??___55___ the lie of individualism. Hopefully, they will come into acceptance.
41．A．unpredictable B．untrustworthy
C．unreliable D．undeniable
42．A．necessity B．characteristic C．mark D．model
43．A．later B．previously C．extremely D．publicly
44．A．destroying B．a(chǎn)ppreciating C．chasing D．escaping
45．A．though B．if C．since D．a(chǎn)s
46．A．conflict B．tension C．interaction D．cooperation
47．A．common B．rare C．frequent D．strange
48．A．right B．justified C．unclear D．false
49．A．a(chǎn)ffected B．interrupted C．bothered D．surprised
50．A．separation B．combination
C．contrast D．communication
51．A．secret B．mystery C．truth D．fantasy
52．A．gap B．belief C．factor D．change
53．A．distinction B．connection C．exchange D．medium
54．A．Therefore B．However C．Instead D．Furthermore
55．A．break up B．make up C．cope with D．see through
【答案】
41．D 42．A 43．B 44．D 45．A 46．C 47．B 48．D 49．C 50．A 51．B 52．D 53．A 54．C 55．D
【分析】這是一篇議論文。作者就美國(guó)社會(huì)中存在的個(gè)人主義發(fā)表自己的看法，作者認(rèn)為，當(dāng)人類(lèi)被剝到他們的核心時(shí)，他們可能就一無(wú)所有了，自我標(biāo)榜的個(gè)人主義是錯(cuò)誤的，需要從新審視。
41．考查形容詞辨析。A. unpredictable 不可預(yù)測(cè)的；B. untrustworthy不可信賴(lài)的；C. unreliable不可靠的；D. undeniable不可否認(rèn)的。句意：盡管個(gè)人主義的美好夢(mèng)想在全世界都是不可否認(rèn)的，但它的價(jià)值卻在美國(guó)這片土地上受到如此程度的崇拜。由“The constant working engine that drives the majority of human action is, undoubtedly, the fragrant dream of individualism.”可知，驅(qū)動(dòng)大多數(shù)人類(lèi)活動(dòng)持續(xù)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的引擎，無(wú)疑是對(duì)個(gè)人主義的美好夢(mèng)想的追求。所以判斷出個(gè)人主義在全世界都受到追捧，是不可否認(rèn)的。故D選項(xiàng)切題。
42．考查名詞辨析。A. necessity必需品；B. characteristic特性；C. mark記號(hào)； D. model模范。句意：事實(shí)上，在美國(guó)目前的社會(huì)地位中，個(gè)性已經(jīng)成為一種與生俱來(lái)的權(quán)利，一種應(yīng)用在媒體表面上的必需品，在媒體上，個(gè)性曾經(jīng)被視為美國(guó)夢(mèng)。由上文可知，個(gè)人主義在美國(guó)受到如此程度的追捧，所以它也會(huì)出現(xiàn)在美國(guó)生活的各個(gè)方面，因此也是經(jīng)常被媒體使用的必需品。符合生活常識(shí)。故A選項(xiàng)切題。
43．考查副詞辨析。A. later后來(lái)；B. previously以前地；C. extremely極端地;D. publicly公共地。句意：事實(shí)上，在美國(guó)目前的社會(huì)地位中，個(gè)性已經(jīng)成為一種與生俱來(lái)的權(quán)利，一種應(yīng)用在媒體表面上的必需品，在媒體上，個(gè)性曾經(jīng)被視為美國(guó)夢(mèng)。分析句子可知，where所引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以判斷句中有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，意在說(shuō)明個(gè)人主義之前的稱(chēng)呼。故B選項(xiàng)切題。
44．考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. destroying破壞；B. appreciating感激；C. chasing追逐；D. escaping逃脫。句意：不可否認(rèn)，這一偶像在美國(guó)社會(huì)中廣受歡迎，幾乎沒(méi)有人希望擺脫它。由“there is no denying the popularity of this idol in American society”可知，這一偶像在美國(guó)社會(huì)中廣受歡迎，所以幾乎沒(méi)有人希望擺脫它，可見(jiàn)其受歡迎的程度。故D選項(xiàng)切題。
45．考查連詞辨析。A. though盡管； B. if如果；C. since自從……以來(lái)；D. as因?yàn)椤＞湟猓弘m然大多數(shù)人都為自己的個(gè)人主義感到自豪，但是當(dāng)人類(lèi)被剝到他們的核心時(shí)，他們可能就一無(wú)所有了。由句意可知，前后語(yǔ)意表示讓步關(guān)系，所以用從屬連詞though 。故A選項(xiàng)切題。
46．考查名詞辨析。A. conflict沖突；B. tension緊張；C. interaction相互影響；D. cooperation合作。句意：絕大多數(shù)的人類(lèi)經(jīng)驗(yàn)都涉及到其他人，以及他們之間的相互作用和關(guān)系。由下文“Indeed, interaction is the core of experience”可知，相互作用是人類(lèi)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的核心。這是一句總結(jié)的句子，是對(duì)上句小題6中interaction還是relationship的總結(jié)，所以判斷出本題答案為interaction。故C選項(xiàng)切題。
47．考查形容詞辨析。A. common共同的；B. rare稀少的；C. frequent頻繁的；D. strange奇怪的。句意：當(dāng)生活建立在沒(méi)有這種刺激的事件上時(shí)，這是很少見(jiàn)的。生活就是多人在一起共同作用的活動(dòng)，沒(méi)有共同作用的生活是很少見(jiàn)的。故B選項(xiàng)切題。
48．考查形容詞辨析。A. right正確的；B. justified合理的；C. unclear不清楚的；D. false錯(cuò)誤的。句意：作為一個(gè)美國(guó)化的青少年，我發(fā)現(xiàn)不僅自我標(biāo)榜的個(gè)人主義是錯(cuò)誤的，而且我作為一個(gè)人，是一個(gè)產(chǎn)品，越來(lái)越難以接受。由上文可知，作者認(rèn)為沒(méi)有共同作用的生活是很少見(jiàn)的，所以覺(jué)得自己的個(gè)人主義，脫離了人的群體，脫離了社會(huì)，因此認(rèn)為是錯(cuò)誤的。故D選項(xiàng)切題。
49．考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. affected影響；B. interrupted打斷；C. bothered煩擾；D. surprised使驚訝。句意： “如果我是我遇到的每一個(gè)人的碎片——我的家人、老師、所有的朋友，甚至是陌生人，”這樣的問(wèn)題困擾著我。由下文的問(wèn)題，“what is left that is just me? What part of me is just me?...”可知，這些問(wèn)題煩擾作者著并讓作者感到困惑。故C選項(xiàng)切題。
50．考查名詞辨析。A. separation分離；B. combination結(jié)合；C. contras 對(duì)比；D. communication交流。句意：我和別人之間有隔閡嗎？這是表示自己的個(gè)人主義使自己和其他人分離了，所以作者在發(fā)出疑問(wèn)。故A選項(xiàng)切題。
51．考查名詞辨析。A. secret秘密；B. mystery謎；C. truth真理；D. fantasy幻想。句意：這些將會(huì)繼續(xù)被考慮，因?yàn)槲乙呀?jīng)接受了這些調(diào)查仍然是個(gè)謎。由“Such are inquiries that will continue to be thought about”可知，這些調(diào)查將會(huì)繼續(xù)被考慮，所以判斷調(diào)查仍然是一個(gè)謎。故B選項(xiàng)切題。
52．考查名詞辨析。A. gap間隙；B. belief信念；C. factor因素；D. change改變。句意：因此，在考慮到這些問(wèn)題的情況下，答復(fù)必須是對(duì)"自己"定義的改變。有下文“I realized that…I must be a person…”可知，作者意識(shí)到了要去改變自己。故D選項(xiàng)切題。
53．考查名詞辨析。A. distinction區(qū)分；B. connection聯(lián)系；C. exchange交換；D. medium媒質(zhì)。句意：我意識(shí)到，我的個(gè)性不能依賴(lài)于影響力和個(gè)人主義之間的區(qū)別，因?yàn)檫@是一條無(wú)法區(qū)分的界線。由“as such is a line that cannot be distinct”可知，因?yàn)檫@是一條無(wú)法區(qū)分的界線，所以我的個(gè)性不能依賴(lài)于影響力和個(gè)人主義之間的區(qū)別。故A選項(xiàng)切題。
54．考查副詞辨析。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Instead反而；D. Furthermore此外。句意：相反，我必須是一個(gè)冷靜的人，冷靜是一個(gè)美麗而朦朧的混合物，也是一個(gè)堅(jiān)定的問(wèn)題。前后語(yǔ)意轉(zhuǎn)折。故C選項(xiàng)切題。
55．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A. break up破裂；B. make up組成；C. cope with處理；D. see through看穿。句意：因此，正是那些能看穿個(gè)人主義謊言的人的沮喪，才是人們普遍忽視的持久之謎。see through“看穿”能更好地反應(yīng)人們對(duì)個(gè)人主義謊言的無(wú)奈和沮喪，但這種無(wú)奈和沮喪卻被人們普遍忽視。故D選項(xiàng)切題。

Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)
Once again DC Comics and Warner Bros. have divided fans and critics over their latest superhero film.

There had been worrying news about Justice League in the months before its release, with a lot of reshoots of scenes, a new director being brought in to finish the film after original director Zack Snyder’s tragic loss of his daughter and, of course, a lot of talk about Ben Affleck’s future in the role of Batman.
Some people are saying that Justice League is another big disappointment, that it could have been incredible and instead fails to really entertain. Others say that Warner Bros. have finally got it right and that the future for the League looks bright.
My opinion lies somewhere in the middle. The film was by no means a disappointment: it was exciting, funny and a lot of fun to watch. There’s something special about watching the heroes from your childhood brought to life on the big screen and maybe that is affecting my opinion.
However, I will say that a lot of work needs to be done if the producer wants to make a great success. Although the film was good, it was obvious which scenes had been reshot and how the characters had been changed. I also have to mention the several scenes in which the special effects were very badly done; these are the kinds of problems that you don’t expect to see in a film with such a big budget.
Another point to add is that it is good to see the producer making Superman slightly a brighter character and adding some jokes to the plot to keep things fun. But the producer must be careful not to make the mistake that another film producer—here, not mentioning the name—is coming very close to doing: turning all of the films into bright and colorful shows and losing a lot of seriously good stories.
In the end, Justice League is not a perfect film but it is definitely not a terrible one. A lot of work is still to be done but I hope that DC does not completely lose its darker side.
56．Before the release of Justice League, many people showed their ______.
A．pity for the director, Zack Snyder B．concern about the film’s quality
C．higher expectation of the new director D．support for the actor, Ben Affleck
57．According to the author, what’s special about Justice League?
A．It advocates social justice. B．It brings lots of fun to the audience.
C．It has some brave heroes. D．It brings back childhood memories.
58．In Paragraph 5 the author mainly wants to express his ______.
A．views on the film’s weakness B．a(chǎn)dvice to the film’s director
C．love for the film D．expectation of the film’s sequels
59．The author mentioned another film producer to ______.
A．stress the importance of fun in a film
B．show Justice League’s lack of a serious plot
C．serve as a warning to the producer of Justice League
D．set an example for the producer of Justice League
【答案】56．B 57．D 58．A 59．C
【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了作者對(duì)《正義聯(lián)盟》這部電影的看法。
56．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“There had been worrying news about Justice League in the months before its release, with a lot of reshoots of scenes, a new director being brought in to finish the film after original director Zack Snyder’s tragic loss of his daughter”可知，在《正義聯(lián)盟》上映前的幾個(gè)月里，一直有令人擔(dān)憂的消息，原導(dǎo)演扎克·斯奈德因女兒離世而無(wú)法繼續(xù)拍攝，所以一位新導(dǎo)演來(lái)繼續(xù)拍攝，很多場(chǎng)景都進(jìn)行了重新拍攝，由此可知，在上映之前，很多人都很擔(dān)心《正義聯(lián)盟》的質(zhì)量，故B項(xiàng)正確。
57．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“There’s something special about watching the heroes from your childhood brought to life on the big screen and maybe that is affecting my opinion.”可知，作者說(shuō)在大銀幕上看到童年時(shí)代的英雄們變得栩栩如生的感覺(jué)很特別，由此可知，作者認(rèn)為《正義聯(lián)盟》的特別之處是它能喚起童年的回憶，故D項(xiàng)正確。
58．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要介紹了《正義聯(lián)盟》這部電影存在很多不足，比如重拍的場(chǎng)景很明顯、角色的改變也有缺陷以及幾個(gè)場(chǎng)景的特效很糟糕，同時(shí)指出如果制片人想取得巨大成功，還需要做很多工作，由此可知，作者在這一段主要表達(dá)他對(duì)這部電影的不足之處的看法，故A項(xiàng)正確。
59．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“But the producer must be careful not to make the mistake that another film producer—here, not mentioning the name—is coming very close to doing: turning all of the films into bright and colorful shows and losing a lot of seriously good stories.”可知，但制片人必須小心，不要和另一個(gè)制片人一樣犯這種錯(cuò)誤：把所有的電影都變成亮麗多彩的表演，而失去很多非常好的故事，由此可知作者提到另一個(gè)制片人就是提醒《正義聯(lián)盟》的制片人不要犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤，故C項(xiàng)正確。

（B）


Who we need
We are looking for talented and passionate people to work for health. WHO is committed to achieving workforce variety, aiming to achieve a broad representation of nationals of our member countries. Particular attention is paid to candidates from developing countries and gender balance. Selection of staff is made on a competitive basis. All posts are filled in accordance with WHOs ability model.
There are two key categories of staff at WHO：professionals(P) or directors(D) who are internationally recruited(招募) and general(G) or national professional(NPO) staff who are recruited locally for both fixed or short-term positions. We also run internship(實(shí)習(xí)) and opportunities for junior professional officers(JPOs).
Internationally recruited(Por D)Professional staff and directors are hired internationally and occupy leadership functions or positions that require a significant level of technical expertise. P or D staff are mobile and are expected to work across the globe.
Locally recruited(G or NPO)General Service staff are hired locally at the respective duty station. Their main role is to work with and support internationally recruited staff in their roles and to assure the smooth functioning of all administrative matters.
National Professional Officers are nationals of the country in which they serve and perform functions of a professional nature requiring local knowledge, professional knowledge and experience.
InternshipsWe offer internships for current students with educational background in public health, management or administration fields.
Junior professional officer programmeThe Junior Professional Officer(JPO) Programme provides young professionals at an early stage in their career with practical experience in international technical co-operation. JPOs are sponsored by their respective governments.
Recruitment restrictionsPlease note the following restrictions on recruitment：
Relatives of WHO Staff: Except where another equally well qualified person cannot be recruited, appointment shall not be granted to a person who bears any of the following relationships to a staff member: father, mother, son, daughter, brother or sister.
Candidates under the age of 20 and above the age of 62 will not be considered for any vacancy.
Policy on Non-Recruitment of Smokers: WHO has a smoke-free environment and does not recruit smokers or other tobacco users who do not indicate a willingness to stop smoking. This policy underscores the Organization’s commitment to promoting a tobacco-free environment.
60．The above webpage aims at ________.
A．recruiting volunteers for WHO
B．a(chǎn)chieving a broad representation of nationals
C．explaining the functions of WHO
D．providing information about WHO positions
61．What kind of applicants will definitely be turned down according to the restrictions?
A．Males in their later 60s. B．People who have health problems.
C．Children of WHO staff. D．Candidates with a smoking history.
62．What can be learned from the webpage?
A．General Service staff are recruited all around the world.
B．Junior Professional Officers work for local governments.
C．Current students majoring in engineering can apply for internships.
D．Professionals and directors are an internationally mobile workforce.
【答案】60．D 61．A 62．D
【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是世界衛(wèi)生組織的招聘信息，對(duì)招聘的幾個(gè)職位進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明。
60．推理判斷題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段第一句“We are looking for talented and passionate people to work for health.(我們正在尋找有才華、有激情的人為健康事業(yè)而工作。)”結(jié)合下文對(duì)職位的描述可知，文章旨在提供世界衛(wèi)生組織的一些職位信息。故選D項(xiàng)。
61．推理判斷題。根據(jù)表格“Recruitment restrictions”部分中“Candidates under the age of 20 and above the age of 62 will not be considered for any vacancy.”可知，年齡在20歲以下及62歲以上的候選人，不會(huì)被考慮擔(dān)任任何職位。所以A項(xiàng)“60多快70歲的男性”求職者一定會(huì)被拒絕。故選A項(xiàng)。
62．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格“Internationally recruited(P or D)”部分中“P or D staff are mobile and are expected to work across the globe.(專(zhuān)業(yè)人員或董事是流動(dòng)的，預(yù)計(jì)將在全球范圍內(nèi)工作。)”可知，專(zhuān)業(yè)人員和董事是一支國(guó)際化的流動(dòng)勞動(dòng)力隊(duì)伍。故選D項(xiàng)。

( C )
The surface of Venus（金星）has never seemed very hospitable. Temperatures change around 470°C（900°F）, the result of a runway greenhouse effect，and the pressure of its atmosphere, thick with carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid, is some 90 times that of Earth’s. Lead（鉛）would flow like water on Venus, and water cannot have existed in liquid form for perhaps a billion years.
Now NASA’S Magellan spacecraft seems to have found one more horror in the nasty landscape: active volcanoes. Last week the space agency released the first detailed map of Venus and the most dramatic images ever made of its surface. The picture offer the best evidence to date that a planet once assumed dead is actually a lively pot of geological change.
The most amazing image is of Venus’s second tallest mountain, Maat Mons, which rises 8km（5 miles） . Most of the planet’s many peaks, including 9.5-km-（6-mile-） high Maxwell Montes, look bright in the radar pictures Magellan takes from its orbit above the permanent could cover. That means they are strong reflectors of radar waves. But Maat Mons is dark; like the Stealth bomber, it absorbs much of the radar falling on it.
This interesting fact, say project scientists, is a strong hint that the mountains has recently been covered with lava（^§S）. Rock that sits on the surface of mountaintops appears to weather quickly in the hot，chemically reactive atmosphere, creating a soil that is rich in iron sulfide（硫 化鐵）? It is this mineral, the scientists believe, that can easily be seen on radar. If Maat Mons doesn’t have any, it has probably been resurfaced, perhaps within the past few years.
Such resurfacing has undoubtedly taken place in Venus lowlands: earlier images of the planet showed vast areas that are remarkably free of craters（火山坑）.That would be easy to explain on a Planet like Earth, where cratering from meteor strikes is erased by steady erosion. But while there is some evidence of wind erosion on Venus, the best explanation for the lack of cratering is periodic lava flow. Magellan has found direct evidence of such flows, including domelike upwellings and hardened streamed of rock trailing down the sides of Venusian peaks. There are also signs of other geologic activities, including dramatic faulting and several distinct incidents of mountain building. But the evidence can’t indicate whether they really occurred millions of years ago. The case for active Venusian volcanoes is not yet proved, but Magellan, which is now well into its second complete survey of the planet’s surface, may eventually settle the issue.
63．Which of the following can not be possibly found on Venus now?
A．Carbon dioxide B．Sulfuric acid
C．Liquid water D．Active volcanoes
64．The scientists believe that????shows up easily on radar.
A．geological change B．iron sulfide
C．mountain mineral D．lava flow
65．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The resurfacing has changed the images of the vast areas in Venus lowlands.
B．The wind erosion on Venus is caused by periodic lava flows
C．Streams of rock trailing down the side of Venusian peaks can be seen on Earth
D．Other geologic activities have caused dramatic and unbelievable climate phenomena.
66．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．NASA’S Magallan spacecraft fails to stand the environment of Venus.
B．There is clear and confirmed evidence for the active Venusian volcanoes on Venus.
C．Some evidence of periodic lava flows has been found by NASA astronauts.
D．Magellan will conduct a follow-up complete survey of the Venus，surface.
【答案】63．C 64．B 65．A 66．D
【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了金星地表的結(jié)構(gòu)以及這種結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生的原因。
63．推理判斷題題。由第一段“ water cannot have existed in liquid form for perhaps a billion years.”可知，在金星上水不可能以液體的形式存在了十億年。所以判斷出液態(tài)水現(xiàn)在不可能在金星上被發(fā)現(xiàn)。故C選項(xiàng)正確。
64．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段“... creating a soil that is rich in iron sulfide(硫化鐵). It is this mineral, the scientists believe, that can easily be seen on radar”可知，坐落在山頂表面的巖石在高溫、化學(xué)反應(yīng)性大氣中迅速風(fēng)化，形成了富含硫化鐵的土壤?？茖W(xué)家們相信，正是這種礦物，在雷達(dá)上很容易看到。所以，科學(xué)家認(rèn)為硫化鐵很容易出現(xiàn)在雷達(dá)上。故B選項(xiàng)正確。
65．推理判斷題。由最后一段“Such resurfacing has undoubtedly taken place in Venus lowlands: earlier images of the planet showed vast areas that are remarkably free of craters(火山坑) …h(huán)e best explanation for the lack of cratering is periodic lava flow. ”可知，毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，金星低地已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了這樣的表面修復(fù):早期的地球圖像顯示，大片地區(qū)沒(méi)有隕石坑?！菦](méi)有隕石坑的最好解釋是周期性的熔巖流。通過(guò)對(duì)表面修復(fù)的原因的解釋?zhuān)梢耘袛喑霰砻嫘迯?fù)改變了金星低地廣大地區(qū)的地貌。故A選項(xiàng)正確。
66．推理判斷題。由最后一段“The case for active Venusian volcanoes is not yet proved, but Magellan, which is now well into its second complete survey of the planet’s surface, may eventually settle the issue.”可知，金星活躍火山的情況還沒(méi)有得到證實(shí)，但是 Magellan可能最終解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，Magellan進(jìn)入了對(duì)金星表面的第二次全面調(diào)查。所以能判斷出，Magellan將對(duì)金星表面進(jìn)行后續(xù)的全面調(diào)查。故D選項(xiàng)正確。

Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
Discovering the Lost City
Sixty miles south, in Cusco, Hiram Bingham gazed thoughtfully at the old Incan stone wall. He had come to this place in search of Vilcapampa, the lost city of the Inca. But right here was the most beautiful stonework he had ever seen-huge stones cut so perfectly that not even a razor blade could be slipped between them.
The Inca had no iron tools to carve them, no wheel or animals to move them. The wall had endured time and earthquakes.___67___
It was a mystery.
He walked through the cobbled streets of the old capital, Cusco. The Spanish had come to this city, conquered the Inca, taken their gold, and built churches over their temples. Suddenly, he stopped. Before him was the famous Temple of the Sun. He placed his hands on the sun-warmed stones so beautifully carved, as if they had grown together.
___68___Would it hold gold and riches like the Spanish had found in Cusco? More than ever he was determined to find that city.
The next day Bingham began his search. He would look for ruins-that might be the key. He and his party, accompanied by the military man Sergeant Carrasco, left for the holy valley of the Urubamba River. They came to the sleepy old village in the valley, long ago an important city.
“Are there any ruins nearby?” Bingham asked. “Do you know of the lost city of Vilcapampa?” No one knew of it. Traveling north, the adventurers came upon a remote and wild canyon. In the distance were snowcapped mountains over three miles high.___69___Bingham’s determination to find the lost city grew with each turn of the increasingly wild path.
Far below in the valley, Bingham’s party camped on a sandy beach alongside the thundering rapids of the Urubamba River. Days had gone by. No one knew of any ruins.
___70___
This time, through the interpreter, the farmer said, “Yes. There are very good ruins on top of the mountain called Machu Picchu.” The farmer pointed straight up.
“Can you take us there?” Bingham asked.
...
A．Hidden in the mountains, the lost city would be built of stones like these.
B．What could he be thinking!
C．But now the adventurers aroused the curiosity of a local farmer named Arteaga.
D．How had they built them!
E．Cliffs rose thousands of feet above the roaring rapids of the Urubamba River.
F．Suddenly, the clouds drifted away and there it was.
【答案】67．D 68．A 69．E 70．C
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Hiram Bingham探尋失落的印加城市的故事，記敘了一路上的所見(jiàn)所聞所感。
67．根據(jù)上文“The Inca had no iron tools to carve them, no wheel or animals to move them. The wall had endured time and earthquakes.(印加人沒(méi)有鐵制的工具來(lái)雕刻它們，也沒(méi)有輪子或動(dòng)物來(lái)移動(dòng)它們。這堵墻經(jīng)受了時(shí)間和地震的考驗(yàn))”以及下一段“It was a mystery.(這是一個(gè)謎)”可知，上文提到了印加人雕刻的困難，后文則說(shuō)是一個(gè)謎，可推測(cè)本句是在描述他們?nèi)绾谓ㄔ爝@些石墻的。故D選項(xiàng)“他們到底是如何建造它們的！”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。
68．根據(jù)上一段“He walked through the cobbled streets of the old capital, Cusco. The Spanish had come to this city, conquered the Inca, taken their gold, and built churches over their temples. Suddenly, he stopped. Before him was the famous Temple of the Sun. He placed his hands on the sun-warmed stones so beautifully carved, as if they had grown together.(他走在古首都庫(kù)斯科的鵝卵石街道上。西班牙人來(lái)到這座城市，征服了印加人，掠奪了他們的黃金，在他們的廟宇上建造了教堂。突然，他停了下來(lái)。在他面前的是著名的太陽(yáng)神廟。他把手放在那些被陽(yáng)光曬得暖暖的石頭上，它們雕刻得如此美麗，仿佛它們是生長(zhǎng)在一起的)”以及后文“Would it hold gold and riches like the Spanish had found in Cusco? More than ever he was determined to find that city.(它會(huì)像西班牙人在庫(kù)斯科發(fā)現(xiàn)的那樣藏有黃金和財(cái)富嗎？他比以往任何時(shí)候都更下定決心要找到那座城市)”可知，上文提到了撫摸那些被太陽(yáng)曬得暖暖的石頭，后文則是在內(nèi)心設(shè)想一些關(guān)于石頭的問(wèn)題，可推測(cè)本句是在說(shuō)明這些石頭的情況，A選項(xiàng)中stones like these對(duì)應(yīng)上文中the sun-warmed stones。故A選項(xiàng)“隱藏在山里的失落之城就是用這樣的石頭建造的”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。
69．根據(jù)上文““Are there any ruins nearby?” Bingham asked. “Do you know of the lost city of Vilcapampa?” No one knew of it. Traveling north, the adventurers came upon a remote and wild canyon. In the distance were snowcapped mountains over three miles high.(“附近有廢墟嗎？” Bingham問(wèn)道。“你知道失落的Vilcapampa城嗎？”沒(méi)有人知道這件事。向北旅行時(shí)，探險(xiǎn)者們來(lái)到了一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)而荒涼的峽谷。遠(yuǎn)處是三英里多高的雪山)”以及后文“Far below in the valley, Bingham’s party camped on a sandy beach alongside the thundering rapids of the Urubamba River.(在山谷深處，Bingham一行人在Urubamba河激流邊的沙灘上扎營(yíng))”可知，上文提到了探險(xiǎn)者們來(lái)到了峽谷，看到了雪山，且后文提到了Urubamba河，可推測(cè)本句承接上文繼續(xù)說(shuō)明他們的所見(jiàn)所聞，故E選項(xiàng)“懸崖聳立在數(shù)千英尺高的Urubamba河咆哮的急流之上”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。
70．根據(jù)后文“This time, through the interpreter, the farmer said, “Yes. There are very good ruins on top of the mountain called Machu Picchu.” The farmer pointed straight up.(這一次，農(nóng)夫通過(guò)翻譯說(shuō)：“是的。在馬丘比丘山頂有很好的遺址?！鞭r(nóng)夫直接指著上面)”可知，后文提到了一位農(nóng)民在給他們指路，C選項(xiàng)中a local farmer對(duì)應(yīng)后文中the farmer。故C選項(xiàng)“但是現(xiàn)在這些冒險(xiǎn)家引起了當(dāng)?shù)匾粋€(gè)叫阿蒂亞加的農(nóng)民的好奇心”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。

IV. Summary Writing
71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
These days, its not unusual to see middle-aged men collecting Star Wars action figures，office workers wearing Hello Kitty accessories, or celebrities like David Beckham playing with Lego bricks, it's becoming more and more common to see adult taking an interest in toys, comic books and the activities that are traditionally associated with children. This phenomenon has given rise to a new word: kidult.
What lies behind the phenomenon? One is about adults' nostalgia（懷舊）for the carefree days of childhood, and this is especially true with today's fast-paced, stressful lifestyles. Another is about a societal change in recent decades where people are starting families later. As a result, they have more time and money to spend on themselves. Some adults could only window-shop for their dream toys when they were kids, but now they can afford that radio-controlled car or high-priced doll they have always wanted.
Society traditionally disapproves of adults who refuse to put aside childhood interests, viewing the refusal as a sign of social immaturity （不成熟） and irresponsibility. Those who agree with this view sometimes claim that kidults are suffering from the pop-psychology concept known as Peter Pan Syndrome, an anomaly（異常）that people remain emotionally at the level of teenagers.
From the standpoint of kidults, though, this phenomenon is seen as nothing but harmless fun. Kidults insist that having youthful interests keeps them young, happy and creative, and their refusal to conform to society's acccptable tastes shows independent thinking. Besides, they argue that being part of the social trend of delayed adulthood is not purely a personal choice. The real causes include expensive housing, increased educational requirements for employment and poor work opportunities.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Kidults refer to adults who take up childhood interests. The growing phenomenon can be explained by their desire to recapture childhood pleasures and their ability to afford them because of delayed marriage. Though traditionally considered immature and irresponsible, kidults believe this harmless behavior, which benefits the individuals and shows their independent thinking, is due largely to social factors.
【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹說(shuō)，童心未泯的成人指的是那些和童年時(shí)一樣有興趣的成年人。這種日益增長(zhǎng)的現(xiàn)象可以解釋為，他們渴望重獲童年的快樂(lè)，而由于推遲結(jié)婚，這使他們有能力負(fù)擔(dān)得起自己想要的玩具。雖然傳統(tǒng)上被認(rèn)為是不成熟和不負(fù)責(zé)任的，但童心未泯的成人認(rèn)為這種無(wú)害的行為，有利于個(gè)人和顯示他們的獨(dú)立思考，這種現(xiàn)象很大程度上是由社會(huì)因素引起的。
【詳解】1 要點(diǎn)摘錄
①These days, its not unusual to see middle-aged men collecting Star Wars action figures，office workers wearing Hello Kitty accessories, or celebrities like David Beckham playing with Lego bricks, it's becoming more and more common to see adult taking an interest in toys, comic books and the activities that are traditionally associated with children.
②This phenomenon has given rise to a new word: kidult.
③One is about adults' nostalgia（懷舊）for the carefree days of childhood, and this is especially true with today's fast-paced, stressful lifestyles.
④Another is about a societal change in recent decades where people are starting families later.
⑤Society traditionally disapproves of adults who refuse to put aside childhood interests, viewing the refusal as a sign of social immaturity （不成熟） and irresponsibility.
⑥From the standpoint of kidults, though, this phenomenon is seen as nothing but harmless fun.
2.縝密構(gòu)思
將第1、2兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行重組，將第3、4和5、6幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行整合。
3.遣詞造句
Kidults refer to adults who take up childhood interests.
The growing phenomenon can be explained by their desire to recapture childhood pleasures and their ability to afford them because of delayed marriage.
Though traditionally considered immature and irresponsible kidults believe this harmless behavior, which benefits the individuals and shows their independent thinking, is due largely to social factors.
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1] Kidults refer to adults who take up childhood interests.這句話運(yùn)用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。
[高分句型2]：Though traditionally considered immature and irresponsible, kidults believe this harmless behavior, which benefits the individuals and shows their independent thinking, is due largely to social factors. 這句話運(yùn)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。

V. Translation (共15分。第1小題和第2小題,每題3分;第3題4分;第4題5分。)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets
72．我們從來(lái)沒(méi)有像現(xiàn)在這么渴望去學(xué)校上課！（Never）（漢譯英）
【答案】Never before have we been so eager/keen to go to school as we are now.
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和部分倒裝。根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)可知，本句描述的是過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。表示“我們從來(lái)沒(méi)有”應(yīng)用Never before have we been，此處由于否定詞never置于句首，句子發(fā)生部分倒裝；表示“像現(xiàn)在這么渴望去學(xué)校上課”應(yīng)用so eager /keen to go to school as we are now，其中be eager/keen to do為固定短語(yǔ)搭配，表示“渴望做”，so......as......為固定句型，表示同級(jí)比較，表示“像……一樣”。故翻譯為Never before have we been so eager/keen to go to school as we are now.
73．既然只能宅在家里，何不做點(diǎn)自己喜歡做但平時(shí)又沒(méi)時(shí)間做的事情呢？（Why not）（漢譯英）
【答案】Why not do something you love but don’t have time to do since you can only stay at home?
【詳解】考查固定搭配、定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句。分析句子可知， 本句描述的是一般事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示主句“何不做點(diǎn)自己喜歡做但平時(shí)又沒(méi)時(shí)間做的事情呢”應(yīng)用Why not do something you love but don’t have time to do表示，其中why not do為固定搭配，表示“為什么不做”，且you love but don’t have time to do為省略了關(guān)系代詞that的限制性定語(yǔ)從句，that代替先行詞something在從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，可以省略；表示狀語(yǔ)“既然只能宅在家里”應(yīng)用since you can only stay at home，其中since引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。故翻譯為Why not do something you love but don’t have time to do since you can only stay at home?
74．在歐洲許多作為理想社交場(chǎng)所的咖啡店不得不關(guān)門(mén)謝客來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)這場(chǎng)公共衛(wèi)生危機(jī)。（serve）（漢譯英）
【答案】In Europe many coffee houses which serve as ideal places for social interaction have to close their stores to respond to the public health crisis.
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)、定語(yǔ)從句和不定式。分析句子可知，本句描述的是一般事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)“在歐洲”應(yīng)用In Europe；表示“許多作為理想社交場(chǎng)所的咖啡店不得不關(guān)門(mén)謝客”應(yīng)用many coffee houses which serve as ideal places for social interaction have to close their stores，其中關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)的是限制性定語(yǔ)從句，代替先行詞coffee houses在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，另外serve as為固定搭配，表示“充當(dāng)，擔(dān)任”；表示“來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)這場(chǎng)公共衛(wèi)生危機(jī)”應(yīng)用to respond to the public health crisis，這里是不定式短語(yǔ)用作目的狀語(yǔ)。故翻譯為In Europe many coffee houses which serve as ideal places for social interaction have to close their stores to respond to the public health crisis.
75．事實(shí)證明當(dāng)我們的國(guó)家在面臨困難時(shí)，每個(gè)中國(guó)人，不管在國(guó)內(nèi)還是國(guó)外，都愿意為自己的祖國(guó)做出貢獻(xiàn)。(turn out) （漢譯英）
【答案】It turns out that when our country is facing difficulties, every Chinese, both at home and abroad, is willing to contribute to their motherland.
【詳解】考查名詞，動(dòng)詞，連詞，介詞，副詞，代詞，短語(yǔ)，固定句型和時(shí)態(tài)。表示“事實(shí)證明”應(yīng)用固定句型It turns out that…，it是形式主語(yǔ)，that后面引導(dǎo)真正的主語(yǔ)從句；表示“我們的國(guó)家”應(yīng)用名詞短語(yǔ)our country；表示“面臨”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞face；表示“困難”應(yīng)用名詞difficulty，用復(fù)數(shù)形式表示泛指；表示“當(dāng)…時(shí)”應(yīng)用when，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；表示“每個(gè)中國(guó)人”應(yīng)用名詞短語(yǔ)every Chinese；表示“在國(guó)內(nèi)”應(yīng)用介詞短語(yǔ)at home；表示“國(guó)外”應(yīng)用副詞abroad；表示“不管…還是…”應(yīng)用連詞both …and…；表示“愿意”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)be willing to do；表示“自己的祖國(guó)”應(yīng)用名詞短語(yǔ)one’s motherland，這里指代上文提到的人們，所以代詞可以用their；表示“為…做出貢獻(xiàn)”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)contribute to。這句話是描述現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)，所以謂語(yǔ)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示“在面臨”，說(shuō)明此動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，所以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。故翻譯為It turns out that when our country is facing difficulties, every Chinese, both at home and abroad, is willing to contribute to their motherland.

VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese
在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中，人們常會(huì)被貼上各種標(biāo)簽，如“乖巧聽(tīng)話”（obedient）、“有個(gè)性”（cool）、“書(shū)呆子”（a nerd/geek）、“00后”（post-millennial）等。校報(bào)特辟專(zhuān)欄對(duì)此進(jìn)行討論，請(qǐng)以李華為名投稿，內(nèi)容需包括：
1.描述自己或他人曾經(jīng)被貼過(guò)的標(biāo)簽；
2.你對(duì)“貼標(biāo)簽”（labeling）的看法。
【答案】Growing up，Most of us may have been labeled various labels, such as “obedient “,”cool “”a nerd/ geek” and so on. Take myself as an example, throughout my primary school ,I was labelled as “a nerd”. I hated it. I knew that I was not a nerd .I was simply quiet and enjoyed reading. But now in high school, I am a member of our Reading Club, where I have found many friends sharing common interest with me.
Therefore, I am opposed to labeling a child, which makes damage to his confidence . Instead, we should encourage them to be themselves. And if you are labeled , just ignore it and then try to find yourself behind the label. Be brave to be yourself.
【分析】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于議論文。要求考生給校報(bào)專(zhuān)欄投稿，討論人們常會(huì)被貼上各種標(biāo)簽，如“乖巧聽(tīng)話”（obedient）、“有個(gè)性”（cool）、“書(shū)呆子”（a nerd/geek）、“00后”（post-millennials）等這個(gè)話題，表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn)。
【詳解】詞匯積累（4個(gè)以上，含4個(gè)）
討厭：don’t like→hate
喜歡,著迷：like/enjoy→be fascinated with/be fond of
反對(duì)：disagree with →be opposed to/be strongly against
對(duì)…有害：be bad for→ do damage to
2.句式拓展
合并簡(jiǎn)單句
原句：.But now in high school, I am a member of our Reading Club. I have found many friends sharing common interest with me.
拓展句：.But now in high school, I am a member of our Reading Club., where I have found many friends sharing common interest with me.
簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句
原句：I hated it.
拓展句：I hated it when I heard myself referred to as a nerd.
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1] But now in high school, I am a member of our Reading Club,where I have found many friends sharing common interest with me.(where 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)
[高分句型2] Therefore, I am opposed to labeling a child, which makes damage to his confidence .（which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句）







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