2023北京海淀初三一模英    語(yǔ)2023. 04學(xué)校___________________ 姓名___________________ 準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)____________________考生須知1. 本試卷共8頁(yè), 共兩部分, 38道題, 滿分60分?？荚嚂r(shí)間90分鐘。2. 在試卷和答題卡上準(zhǔn)確填寫學(xué)校名稱、姓名和準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)。3. 試題答案一律填涂或書寫在答題卡上, 在試卷上作答無(wú)效。4. 在答題卡上, 選擇題用2B鉛筆作答, 其他試題用黑色字跡簽字筆作答。5. 考試結(jié)束, 請(qǐng)將本試卷、答題卡和草稿紙一并交回。第一部分本部分共33題, 共40分。在每題列出的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, 選出最符合題目要求的一項(xiàng)。 一、單項(xiàng)填空(每題0.5分, 共6分)從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, 選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1. My uncle is a doctor. He likes ________ job very much. A. my   B. her   C. his    D. your2. Six students in our class will celebrate their birthdays _________ May. A. at   B. on   C. of    D. in3. David is American, _________ he speaks Chinese very well. A. for   B. but   C. so    D. if4. —John, __________I join you in the volunteer program after school?—Of course you can. Shall we meet at five this afternoon?A. can   B. need   C. must    D. should5. With the help of my teacher, I’ve become much __________ at writing than before. A. good   B. better   C. best    D. the best6. — __________ will you stay in Beijing this time?— For three months. A. How much B. How many C. How often  D. How long7. — What is your sister doing, Jane?— She _________ a video on how to make sky lanterns. A. watches  B. will watch C. is watching  D. watched8. Lily and her classmates ________ on a school trip yesterday. A. went   B. will go  C. go    D. have gone9. I _____________ six books since the beginning of this year. A. read   B. am reading C. will read   D. have read10. If the number of sharks drops too low, it ___________ danger to all ocean life. A. brings  B. will bring  C. has brought  D. brought11. Today, teenagers __________ to help around in their neighborhood. A. encourage B. encouraged C. are encouraged D. were encouraged12. — Do you know ______________?— At the end of the street. A. where I can find a bookstore B. how I can find a bookstoreC. where can I find a bookstore D. how can I find a bookstore二、完形填空(每題1分, 共8分)閱讀下面的短文, 掌握其大意, 然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, 選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。At a family reunion one year, I noticed that my 13-year-old granddaughter Lauren was not including her cousin Emily in her small circle of three friends. I pulled Lauren aside, and thought of giving her a lecture (訓(xùn)斥) on kindness. Just then I remembered a __13__ experience when I was about the same age as Lauren. I was left out in group activities, and I felt terrible. Seeing that, a thoughtful teacher asked me to hand out papers one day. Although the teacher’s kind act didn’t make me a __14__ of the group immediately, it increased my self-confidence and created chances for communication with my classmates. So, instead of giving Lauren a lecture, I changed my way. “Would you and the other girls be willing to make cupcakes for everyone?” I asked. “Yes!” Lauren’s face brightened, but then __15__ . “Hmm … does Emily have to help?” she asked. This wasn’t a question I was hoping for. I told her firmly(堅(jiān)定地)that Emily needed to be__16__. Then I told the other three girls about the plan. They were very happy with the idea, but Lauren wasn’t. I gave each of them tasks for making the cupcakes. Soon, all the four girls __17__ themselves in measuring(測(cè)量), mixing, and high-fiving one another. I could tell they had a great time there. When the cupcakes were ready, the kitchen was a mess, so I gave each girl their own clean-up duties. More high-fiving. More fun. Soon after, I heard __18__ in the living room that evening. I noticed Lauren sitting on the floor behind Emily, brushing her hair while Emily was laughing at something Lauren had said. Obviously, my plan of involving them in an activity did the trick.
    After the family reunion, I told Lauren how __19__ of her it was to include Emily in their activities. Now the four girls are young adults. They don’t see each other often, but each time they meet up, they never fail to laugh about the messy kitchen they made that time. This best proves that having teens involved is much more __20__ than just lecturing when teaching them how they should behave. 13. A. secret        B. funny       C. common  D. similar14. A. coach        B. guest       C. member      D. speaker15. A. cleared      B. relaxed      C. clouded      D. softened 16. A. followed  B. included     C. judged       D. tested  17. A. busied  B. trained      C. bettered      D. troubled18. A. shout        B. laughter      C. complaint  D. argument19. A. patient       B. polite       C. brave       D. kind20. A. effective  B. popular      C. surprising  D. traditional 三、 閱讀理解(每題2分, 共26分)閱讀下列短文, 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, 選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。AHow to Practice Critical Thinking in Three StepsIt takes time to practice critical thinking(批判性思維), but it’s never too late to start. The following three steps will help people to become critical thinkers.Step 1:Critical thinkers start by asking questions. They ask themselves: If this, then what? If that, then how will the result be different? They may think about all possible ideas before they make decisions.Step 2: _________Critical thinkers search for answers. They make use of all possible tools or interview people for information. Then they analyze(分析)the information with an open mind. They compare and decide what the best answers are.Step 3: _________After critical thinkers get new ideas to work out problems, they share these ideas with their teammates and get support from them. During communication with others, better ideas often come up.For questions 21-23, match each step with the choices(A-D). There is one you do not need. 21. Step 1   A. Think of Plans22. Step 2   B. Look for Answers23. Step 3   C. Ask QuestionsD. Share IdeasBSerena looked up from her phone when she heard a loud “POP”. A flat tire! “This is making the boring trip even worse, “ she thought to herself. “No big deal! We’ll continue our adventure soon!” Her dad jumped out to change the tire. “What kind of adventure is this?! We’re driving in a broken car, all the way through South Dakota, just to see some old presidents’ heads in a huge rock! There’s nothing fun in that!” Serena thought and returned to her phone. “What’s so interesting on your phone?” her brother Tony asked Curiously.“Ally shared pictures from her vacation. She’s on a real adventure in Africa! Look! Elephants! Hippos! Even lions!” she said. “That’s amazing!” Tony agreed. “You’ll have to share pictures of our trip. ““You mean pictures of Dad changing a flat tire in the middle of nowhere? Who would want to see that?”“But that’s the great thing about this whole trip!” Tony said excitedly. “We have no idea what’s going to happen, or what surprises we might have! We’re on a true adventure.” Tony continued, “I read that there’s an amazing place out here. I found pictures online. Look how amazing they are!”Serena put down her phone as Tony introduced pictures of the ancient animals and other interesting things about here. She looked out of the window, wondering when they could get there. But then she held her breath. Just on the other side of the road, was a herd of bison (一群野牛)walking slowly through the grasses. She’d never seen anything like them this close before!“Well, I didn’t expect that! Maybe we’re going to have a real adventure after all,” said Serena as she quickly took a picture through the window. “Exactly! Now look how wonderful the view is at the moment!” Tony said. “And all because we got a flat tire.”24. How did Serena feel about the trip at first?A. Bored.       B. Worried.     C. Interested.    D. Surprised. 25. Why did Tony show Serena the pictures online?A. To show their trip can be amazing too. B. To ask her to compete with her friends. C. To prove he was good at taking pictures. D. To encourage her to study ancient animals. 26. What did Serena learn from the trip?A. The importance of history.    B. The meaning of family to her. C. The ways of solving problems.   D. The value of living in the moment.  CPeople used to see lots of plastics on the sea surface. Now in a study, researchers have found that the microplastic pollution in deep water is much more serious than that on the sea surface. “What we’ve known about microplastic has been from the sea surface, “says Kyle Van Houtan, “but this study suggests there’s a larger amount that’s unnoticed. “Microplastics are small pieces that break from plastic bottles or bags as they change to simpler chemical forms in the environment. They have different sizes and can be found anywhere, including in the oceans, lakes, soil and even blowing in the airTo study microplastic pollution in deep sea, Houtan’s team collected samples(樣本) in the sea by using a ROV (遙控潛水器). As the ROV went down from 5 to 1, 000 meters below the sea surface, a specially-designed machine filtered(過濾)the sample water and kept the small particles(微粒). Back in the lab, the team used a special machine to find out the types of plastic present. Although the researchers found microplastic was everywhere, the amount of the particles was not evenly spread in the water. The midwater, 180 to 460 meters below the surface, held the highest amount of microplastic pollution, about four times as much as on the surface. Van Houtan thinks this may be because when plastic breaks down into ever-smaller pieces, they are covered with biological material, which causes them to go down into the deep-sea areaTheir findings are based only on a certain area, and if the results hold for the wider ocean environment, the amount of plastic in the midwater would be worrying, because this is key living environment for most sea animals. These particles, which have harmful chemicals, can go into the food webs at both the ocean’s surface and seafloor, and can influence reproduction of sea animals. The final effect remains unknown, but what is for certain, Houtan says, is that “this is a serious problem, and it shows humans can change natural systems. “Yet in other ways, “the results are encouraging, “he says. Since most of the microplastic waste comes from single-use plastic, this means we could reduce microplastic pollution by cutting down on the production and use of the unnecessary plastic products. 27. Houtan’s team used ROV to____________________. A. filter the sample water          B. collect samples in the seaC. examine the chemicals         D. record the depth of water28. What can we learn from the study mentioned in the passage?A. The sea surface is the most seriously polluted. B. Deep-sea animals will die out in the near future. C. The midwater holds the most microplastic particles. D. Biological material destroys the food webs in deep sea. 29. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?A. To remind people to reduce plastic waste. B. To explain causes of microplastic pollution. C. To introduce changes in the ocean ecosystem. D. To advise people to recycle single-use products.  DMost of us probably have told a lie at one time or another. Some lies are harmful. Some are mostly harmless. Still other lies may even be created with kindness. But whatever kind of lie you tell, it takes surprising brainpower to pull it off. Lying also can have unwanted influences, too.When you tell the truth, you think of what you want to say and just say it. However, lying takes much more work — you have to come up with a story and remember it. A lot of that work is done in a brain area called the prefrontal cortex(前額葉皮層). It’s responsible for working memory and executive function(執(zhí)行功能)tasks such as planning, problem-solving and self-control. Working memory keeps things in mind just for a little while as you’re using them. Executive function comes into play when you use self-control to keep from blurting out(脫口而出)the facts that would uncover your lie. It helps you recall all the details of a lie to make sure that it sounds believable. It also lets you think a step or two ahead to make sure the lie you’re telling will likely hold up to questioning. Calling on your executive function this way uses up a lot of brainpower. Vendemia, a neuroscientist at the University of South Carolina, did a research and has found that people’s mental workload will be heavier and their reaction time longer when they lie. Worse still, when the prefrontal cortex is busy with tasks related to lying, she notes, it has a harder time doing other tasks such as making a study plan or using self-control to keep from spending too much time on computer games. Lying has social influences, too. Even the kindest lies can sometimes be risky and often backfire. When you give dishonest praise, you may make your friends feel good at first. But if you do it often enough, they’ll soon learn that they can’t trust your praise. People generally value honesty and don’t like liars, so if you are viewed as untrustworthy, it can be bad for your relationships. It’s widely agreed that nearly all cultures value honesty, and now science is revealing(揭示) how dishonesty influences the brain and your ability to build the trust on which strong relationships depend. So, even when lying doesn’t stretch your nose, it still comes at a price that you can’t afford. 30. The second paragraph is mainly about _________________. A. why self-control benefits the brain    B. what social influences lying can bringC. how the brain works when people lie   D. when executive function comes into play31. What can we learn about lying from the passage?A. Lying improves working memory. B. Covering lies takes much brainpower. C. The nature of lies is decided by the brain. D. People’s reaction can be sped up by lying. 32. The underlined word “backfire” in Paragraph 4 probably means “ ______________”.A. lead to serious accidents        B. help to win full supportC. build up strong relationships      D. have the opposite effect33. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Signs of Lying  B. Costs of Lying  C. Causes of Lies  D. Types of Lies 第二部分本部分共5題, 共20分。根據(jù)題目要求, 完成相應(yīng)任務(wù)。四、閱讀表達(dá)(第34-36題每題2分, 第37題4分, 共10分)閱讀短文, 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。Doctors in Bristol can send patients on a free course from this month, which uses stand-up comedy to help patients who are fighting with trauma(創(chuàng)傷). The course was pioneered by a comedian, Angie Belcher. It’s believed that comedy is in every one of us, and we are all born comedians. Every night we come home from work and tell our family what our days were like, but on the way home we’ll work on the details, and try to make our stories funnier to amuse our families. According to Angie Belcher, professional comedy education is to give people the tools to make the stories better. The course is acombination of psychology(心理學(xué)), comedy and storytelling and it will last six weeks. In fact, past traumas are perfect for comedy. Comedy doesn’t come from the happy, perfect moments of our lives, but from our everyday life events. People who’ve been through big life experiences, such as the death of a close friend and poor health, often can’t wait to share their stories, mostly because there’s always something strangely funny about the situation. Experts say that we can accept and honor the comedy of a situation, as much as the sadness of it. It’s a short period of rest from something unpleasant. Angie, who has a master’s degree in psychology, says the course is for anyone who is ready to explore their trauma through comedy. It can be taken by people in recovery from mental health problems and people who’ve had trauma. There’s lots of one-to-one help in the room too. The comedians give people a hand to write their comedy and explore some dark times from their history. While the course can’t take the place of medical treatment, talking about our trauma in a funny way indeed helps. Comedy can help to build community. When we bring our stories alive for others, it makes other people feel less alone. Having our experiences mirrored back to us is hugely comforting. 34. Who pioneered the free course?35. How long will the course last?36. Where does comedy come from according to the passage?37. Your friend Peter is now going through a trauma. Would you like to advise him to take the course mentioned in the passage? Why or why not?五 、文段表達(dá)(10分)38. 從下面兩個(gè)題目中任選一題, 根據(jù)中文和英文提示, 完成一篇不少于50詞的文段寫作。文中已給出內(nèi)容不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。所給提示詞語(yǔ)僅供選用。請(qǐng)不要寫出你的校名和姓名。題目①假如你是李華, 你校英語(yǔ)公眾號(hào)將推出以 “科技”為主題的系列推送。請(qǐng)你用英文給公眾號(hào)留言, 介紹一個(gè)你認(rèn)為最實(shí)用的設(shè)備 (device) 或應(yīng)用程序 (app), 并描述它給生活帶來(lái)的便利。提示詞語(yǔ)： technology, communicate, learn, convenient, time-saving提示問題：●What device or app do you want to introduce?●What benefits does it bring to people?Technology is now becoming more and more important in our life.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 題目②積極求助是一種生活智慧。它能幫我們找到方向, 帶我們走出迷茫。某英文網(wǎng)站正在開展以“積極求助”為主題的征文活動(dòng)。假如你是李華, 請(qǐng)用英文寫一篇短文投稿, 介紹你向他人求助的一次經(jīng)歷, 以及你的收獲。提示詞語(yǔ)： problem, encourage, explain, improve, confidence提示問題：●What is your story of asking for help?● What have you learned from it?Asking for help plays an important role in our life. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
參考答案一、單項(xiàng)選擇(每題0. 5分，共6分)1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. B  6. D 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. B  11. C  12. A二、完形填空(每題1分，共8分)13. D14. C15. C16. B  17. A18.  B. 19. D  20. A三、 閱讀理解(每題2分，共26分)21. C22. B23. D24. A25. A26. D 27. B28. C29. A30. C  31. B32. D33. B四、閱讀表達(dá)(每題2分，共10分)34. A comedian, Angie Belcher. 35. For six weeks. 36. It comes from our everyday life events. 37. Yes, I would like to. Because the course can talking about trauma in a funny way helps, and trough the course, people can feel more comfortable and less alone. 五、文段表達(dá)參考范文題目①Technology is now becoming more and more important in our life. As for me, the most practical device that I want to introduce is the mobile payment app called Alipay. With Alipay, people can make transactions easily and quickly without the need for cash. It has become a popular way to pay for daily expenses, such as groceries, transportation, and even utility bills. Besides, Alipay also provides various functions, including booking flights and  hotels, ordering food, and even investing money. Alipay is not only convenient but also time-saving. It reduces the time needed to count and handle cash, which can be frustrating and time-consuming. Additionally, people do not need to carry a lot of cash with them, which can help prevent theft and loss of money. In conclusion, Alipay is an app that brings a lot of benefits to people's daily lives, making transactions more convenient and efficient. It is one of the most practical technological advancements that we have today. 題目②Asking for help plays an important role in our life. Recently, I faced a problem at work that I couldn't solve on my own. I felt stuck and unsure of how to proceed. That's when I decided to reach out to a colleague for assistance. I explained my situation to my colleague, and they listened patiently and offered advice. They encouraged me to break down the problem into smaller parts and tackle them one by one. With their guidance, I was able to make progress and improve my work. Not only did I solve the problem, but I also gained confidence in my abilities. I learned that asking for help is not a sign of weakness but rather a sign of strength. By seeking help, we open ourselves up to new perspectives and opportunities for growth. In conclusion, asking for help is a valuable life skill that can lead to personal and professional development. It is important to remember that we all face challenges, and there is no shame in seeking assistance. Let us embrace the power of positive collaboration and strive for success together.   

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