?第七講Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world? 提升版

單元目標總覽：
單元話題
Facts about the world
重點單詞
1．平方；正方形 square 2．米；公尺 meter
3. 深的；縱深的 deep 4. 沙漠 desert
5. 人口；人口數(shù)量 population 6. 亞洲 Asia
7.(可以)隨便(做某事)feel free 8. 旅行；旅游 tour
9. 旅行者；觀光者 tourist 10. 墻 wall
11.令人驚奇的;令人驚喜的amazing 12. 古代的；古老的 ancient
13. 保護；防護 protect 14. 寬的；寬闊的 wide
15. 就我所知 as far as I know 16. 成就；成績 achievement
17.西南的;西南方向的southwestern 18. 厚的；濃的 thick
19. 包括；包含 include 20. 極冷的；冰凍的 freezing
21. 條件；狀況 condition 22. 吸入；吞入（體內(nèi)） take in
23. 實現(xiàn)目標；成功 succeed 24. 挑戰(zhàn)；考驗 challenge
25.面對(問題、困難等)in the face of 26. 達到；完成；成功 achieve
27. 力；力量 force 28. 自然界；大自然 nature
29. 即使；雖然 even though 30. 大海；海洋 ocean
31. 太平洋 the Pacific 32. 厘米 cm
33. 重量是..；稱..的重量 weigh 34. 出生；誕生 birth
35.出生時 at birth 36.到達（某數(shù)量、程度等）;至多有于up to
37.成年的;成人;成年動物adult 38. 竹子 bamboo
39. 瀕危的 endangered 40. 研究;調(diào)查 research
41. 飼養(yǎng)員；保管人 keeper 42. 醒著 awake
43. 激動；興奮 excitement 44. 走路時撞著 walk into
45. 絆倒 fall over 46. 疾病；病 illness
47. 遺留的；剩余的 remaining 48. 大約 or so
49. 圖片；插圖 artwork 50. 野生的 wild
51. 政府；內(nèi)閣 government 52. 鯨 whale
53. 油；食用油；石油 oil 54. 保護；保衛(wèi) protection
55. 巨大的；極多的 huge
常用短語
1.as big as 與…一樣大 2.one of the oldest countries最古老的國家之一
3.feel free to do sth.隨意地做.. 4. as far as I know 據(jù)我所知
5. man-made objects 人造物體 6. part of... ...... 的組成部分
7.the highest mountain 最高的山脈 8. in the world 在世界上
9.any other mountain其它任何一座山 10.of all the salt lakes 在所有的咸水湖中
11. run along 跨越…… 12. freezing weather 冰凍的天氣
13. take in air 呼吸空氣 14.the first people to do sth.第一個做..的人
15.in the face of difficulties 面臨危險 16. give up doing sth. 放棄做某事
17.achieve one’s dream實現(xiàn)某人夢想 18. the forces of nature 自然界的力量
19. reach the top 到達頂峰 20. even though 雖然;盡管
21. at birth 在出生的時候 22. be awake 醒著
23.run over with excitement興奮地跑過去 24. walk into sb. 撞到某人
25. fall over 摔倒 26. take care of 照顧;照料
27. every two years 每兩年 28. cut down the forests 砍伐林木
29. endangered animals 瀕危動物 30. fewer and fewer pandas 大熊貓越來越少
31. be in danger 處于危險之中 32. the importance of saving these animals
拯救這些動物的重要性
重點句型
1.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 當你接近山頂時，連呼吸都會困難。
2.One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. 其中的一個主要的原因是人們想要在面臨困難時挑戰(zhàn)自己。
3.The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 這些登山者的精神向我們證明：我們永遠都不應該放棄實現(xiàn)自己的夢想。
4. How high is Qomolangma? 穆朗瑪峰有多高？
5. Although Japan is older than Canada，it is much smaller.雖然日本比加拿大有更悠久的歷史，但是日本比加拿大小多了。
6.Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo. 成年大熊貓一天要花1 2 個多小時的時間吃大約十千克竹子。
核心語法
形容詞和副詞的比較等級

Section A 考點知識梳理
1. about 9,600 ,000 square kilometers in size. 大小約9,6000,0000平方公里。
（1）square ①adj. “平方米” , 用于數(shù)字后表面積。
◆an area of 95 square meters 95平方米的面積
②n , 正方形；廣場
◆Many old people like dancing on the square after supper.很多老人們喜歡晚飯后在廣場上跳舞。
（2）in size = have /has an area of... （面積）大小
2.1，025 meters deep 深1，025米
（1）1,025 meters “深1,025米”
在英語中，表示事物的長、寬、高、深等時，主要有兩種表達方式：
①“基數(shù)詞 + 單位名詞+ 形容詞（long,wide,tall, deep等）”=“基數(shù)詞+ 單位名詞+ in + 名詞（length; width; height; depth等）
如果數(shù)詞超過1，單位名詞要用復數(shù)形式；單位詞有：meter; foot; inch; kilogram 等
◆Yao Ming is over 2 meters tall. =Yao Ming is over 2 meters in height.
姚明2米多高。
◆The river is 50 meters wide.=The river is 50 meters in width.
這條河50多米寬。
②長、寬、高、深還可用復合形容詞表示“數(shù)字+ 量詞（單位）+形容詞（long/ wide/ tall/ deep等）” .各個詞間用連字符連接，常作前置定語修飾名詞。
◆ Shu Lin is a 1.91-meter-tall- basketball player.書林是一個身高1.91的籃球運動員。
（2）deep adj. 深的 take a deep breath.深深呼吸
拓展 adj → n
deep → depth long → length high→ height wide →width
3.Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world.
珠穆朗瑪峰比世界上任何山都高.

“any other +可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)” 任何其他的
①any other “其他任何一個” ,后接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)；指在同一范圍內(nèi)除了某人或某物以外的其他任何人或物；
通常用于比較級，多用于同一范圍內(nèi)相比較。
◆Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.上海比中國的其他城市都大。
②“any other +可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)” 可與 “the other + 可數(shù)名詞復”互換，也可用最高級形式表達。
◆Lucy is more careful than any other student in her class.
(any other + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)）
=Lucy is more careful than the other students in her class.
(the other + 名詞復數(shù)）
= Lucy is the most careful student in her class.露西比班里的其他同學都高
4. It’s a lot bigger than the population of the US.
（中國）人口比美國多對多。
（1）a lot … ……..得多；很多；非常
辨析① a lot 很多，做副詞短語，修飾動詞，放在動詞之后。相當于very much.
◆It usually rains a lot at this time of year.一年的這個世界經(jīng)常下很多雨。
②a lot of = lots of + 復數(shù)名詞
=many +復數(shù)名詞=much+ 不可數(shù)名詞
（2） population 人口；人口數(shù)量
拓展：
①population做主語且強度整體人口時，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)，
◆The population is increasing faster and faster. 人口增長越來越快。
②當主語時“人口的百分之幾、幾分之幾”時，謂語動詞常用復數(shù)形式。
◆Three quarters of the population are workers.四分之三的人口是工人
③ 表示人口的\"多\"或\"少\"時, 用"large"或"small"
◆The population of China is very large. 中國人口眾多
④ 詢問某國、某地有多少人口時, 用\"How large...?";
◆How large is the population of your hometown? 你們家鄉(xiāng)有多少人口?
提問有多少人口，常用“ what is the population of …?”
What is the population of Canada? 加拿大的人口有多少?
表示 “某地有多少人口” 時，常用 “… has a population of …” 句型
◆India has a population of more than one billion.印度是有十億人口。
5. It has a much longer history than the US. （中國）比美國歷史長得多。
much ……得多 （修飾比較級）
類似的詞還有：even “更......” , a lot “很多；......得多” a little “比......一點”
My classroom is a little bigger than yours.
◆I am good at math, but his English is much better than mine.我擅長數(shù)學，但是他的英語比我好的多。
6. The US is not even 300 years old. 美國的歷史甚至不到300年。
even 甚至 (用在比較級前，表示程度）
7. Feel free to ask me anything on today’s Great Wall tour.
針對今天的長城之旅，大家可以自由提問我任何問題。
tour n 旅行 → tourist n 旅游者→ touristy adj. 游客很多的.
tour guide 導游
◆My brother wants to be a tour guide.我哥哥想成為一名導游。
◆The Great Wall is very famous in the world . So it is touristy.長城世界聞名，所以游客很多。
travel v 旅行 → traveller n 旅游者→ travelling adj. 旅行的
travel to … 到……旅行 travel all over the world. 周游世界
【辨析】tour/ trip/ travel/ journey
詞語
用法
travel
一般指長途旅行，到國外或遠方旅行。travel 還可作動詞
tour
“旅行，周游，觀光” .一般團隊都是tour
trip
一般指短距離旅行，直達目的地的旅行
journey
有時并不指真正意義的“旅行”， 而只是表示走過一段距離。
備注：觀光游玩用tour ，長途陸路用journey， 短途短期用trip，
travel 用法最普遍，特別用于指“游記”
8. How long is the wall? 長城有多長？
how long 多長；多久
①對長度提問
— How long is the table?這個桌子多長
— About 1.2 meters.大約1.2米
②對時間提問，常用for或since引導的時間狀語來回答。
— How long does it take you to do your homework in the evening?晚上做作業(yè)需要花費你多長時間？
— For two hours.大約2小時。
9. Wow，that’s amazing! 哇， 真令人吃驚！
amazing adj. 驚人的，令人吃驚的
10.The main reason was to protect their part of the country.
主要的原因是保衛(wèi)自己的國家。
protect v “保護”
◆We should protect children.我們應該保護孩子們。
Protect sb./ sth from 保護某人/ 某物使其不受……
◆Protect your eyes from the sun. 不要讓陽光傷害你的眼睛。
11. As you can see , it’s quite tall and wide.
正如你所看到的， 長城非常高，也非常寬廣。
as ① conj.像……一樣，正如 ；當.....時 （用來引導狀語從句）
◆I was surprised as he opened the door.當他打開門時，我吃了一驚。
② prep. 作為
◆I get job as a teacher.我找到一份老師的工作。
12. As far as I know, there are no man-made objects as big as this.
據(jù)我所知，沒有任何一個人造物有長城這么長。
as far as I know據(jù)我所知
as far as “就......來說，至于......” , 引導狀語從句，強調(diào)范圍或程度，常與動詞know, see,等連用，可放在句首或句中。
◆as far as I can remember 據(jù)我所記得的
◆as far as I can see 依我所見
13. One of the word’s most dangerous sports is mountain climbing,…
登山是世界上最危險的運動之一。
one of + the adj. 最高級 + 可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
14. The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China.
喜馬拉雅山在中國西北部。
southwestern 西南方向的
15. Of all the mountains , Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous.
在所有的山峰中， 珠穆朗瑪峰最高，最有名。
famous = well – know adj. 著名的， 有名的
① be famous for 因……而著名 （某人因某種知識、技能或特征而出名）
◆ China is famous for the Great Wall and Pandas中國因長城和熊貓而著名。
② be famous as 作為…….而出名 （某人以某種身份而出名）
◆Lu Xun was famous as a writer.魯迅作為作家而出名。
16.Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. （比這） 更嚴重的困難包括冰凍的天氣條件和強烈的暴風雨。
（1）include 包括；包含
include v 包括 → including prep 包括（放在被包括的對象之前）
◆I have many pen pals including Lucy.我有很多筆友包括露西。
（2）freezing adj. 凍冰的；結(jié)冰的
freezing adj. 凍冰的，結(jié)冰的

frozen adj. 凍結(jié)的，被冰覆蓋的
freeze v ◆Today it is freezing cold.今天零下的天氣。

◆ I don’t like frozen food.我不喜歡冰凍的食物。
（3）condition 條件；狀況
◆out of condition 不健康，身體不好；
◆in good condition 情況良好；完好
17.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.
并且越接近頂部呼吸越困難。
take in 吸入； 吞入（體內(nèi)）
拓展
take after（外貌）相像 take away 拿開 take down 寫下，記下
take in吸收，吸納 take off 起飛；脫下take it easy 別緊張
take to 喜歡，開始從事 take pictures照相 take care of 照顧，照料
18. The first Chinese team did so in 1960 , while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. 1960年第一支中國登山隊登上了頂峰，1975年日本的田部井淳子成為第一個成功登上頂峰的女子。
（1）while ①conj. 然而 (連接并列句）
◆He is a worker while I am a doctor.他是一名工人，而我是一名醫(yī)生。
②conj . 當......的時候，（引導時間狀語從句）
◆While I was doing my homework ,my mother came in .當我寫作業(yè)的時候，媽媽進來了。
（2）succeed v 成功，達到 →success n 成功
→successful adj. 成功的
→successfully adv成功地
◆succeed in doing sth 成功地做某事
19.Why do so many climbers risk their lives?
為什么這么多登山者愿意冒生命危險？
risk one’s life to do sth 某人舍命做某事
There is a risk of sth/ doing sth 有（做）某事的危險
take risks 冒險
20.One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves
in the face of difficulties.
最主要的原因之一是因為人們在面臨困難的時候想挑戰(zhàn)自我。
（1）challenge v/n 挑戰(zhàn)
face a challenge 面臨挑戰(zhàn)
challenge sb. to sth向某人挑戰(zhàn)
◆He challenged me to a race.他向我挑戰(zhàn)賽跑。
challenge sb. to do sth 向某人挑戰(zhàn)……
（2）in the face of 面對（問題、困難等）
◆They showed courage in the face of danger. 面對危險他們表現(xiàn)出了勇氣。
21.The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.
這些登山者的精神告訴我們， 我們應該從不放棄實現(xiàn)自己的夢想。
achieve v 獲得；達到； 實現(xiàn) → achievement n 完成； 成績
achieve one’s dream = one’s dream comes true實現(xiàn)某人的夢想

詞條
是否接賓語
用法
achieve
是
主語一般為“人”
come true
否
主語一般是“夢想；理想”
22. It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature.它還告訴我們， 人類有時候比自然的力量更強大。
（1）human n 人；人類 No human could live like this .沒有人能這樣生活。
（2）force ① n 力量；
the forces of … …….的力量
◆The force of human is great.人類的力量是偉大的
② V. 迫使；強迫
force sb. to do sth 強迫某人做某事
◆Nobody can force me to do something.沒有人可以強迫我多事情。
（3）nature 不可數(shù)名詞 “自然界；大自然”→ natural adj. 自然地
in nature 在自然界中
SectionB 考點知識梳理
1. The elephant weights many times more than this panda.
這頭大象的重量是這只熊貓的很多倍。
（1）weigh v 稱……的重量 → weight n 重量
◆She weighs herself every day and wants to lose weight.她每天策體重想要減肥。
（2）time ①“是......的幾倍”
主語 + 數(shù)詞 + times + as +形容詞+ as +被比較的內(nèi)容
◆Our new school is four times as big as the old one.我們的新學校是舊學校的四倍大。
②“次數(shù)”
一次 once 兩次 twice
三次及三次以上 ： 基數(shù)詞 + times
three times 三次 three or four times 三到四次
拓展：
many times 很多倍 last time (在)上次……時
every time 每次/每回…… each time 每當……時
the first time 第一次……時 next time (當)下次……時
拓展句型：
??It’s?time?for?sth?.?或?It’s?time?(?for?sb?.?)?to?do?sth?.?意為：該是……的時候了?
??It’s?time?for?dinner?.?該是吃晚餐的時候了。?
??It’s?time?for?children?to?go?to?bed?.?是小孩睡覺的時候了。
2.At birth, a baby panda is about 0.1 to 0.2 kilos.
剛出生的小熊貓幼崽約0.1到0.2公斤。
at birth 出生時 （用作時間狀語）
◆At birth ，a baby panda is about 20cm long.出生時，小熊貓仔大約20厘米長。
give birth ( to sb/ sth) 生孩子；產(chǎn)仔
3. A panda can live up to 20 to 30years.
一只熊貓活20年到30年
up to 高達
up to +數(shù)量詞 達到 （某數(shù)量、程度等）；至多
◆I can take up to four people in my car.我的車至多可以承載4人
拓展：
①直到 （現(xiàn)在）
◆Up to now , Tony has been very quiet.直到現(xiàn)在，托尼還是很安靜。
②be up to sb. “由某人決定”
◆— Shall we go out or stay in ?我們是出去還是呆在這？
— It’s up to you.你決定。
4. Lin Wei and the other panda keepers are preparing the milk for the baby pandas’ breakfast.
林微和其他熊貓飼養(yǎng)員們正在給熊貓幼崽準備牛奶作為早餐。
（1）the other 其他的
（指兩個事物或兩個人中的“另一個”， 后接名詞時，表示“其他的人或物”；
One.... The other ... （兩者中）一個......， 另一個........
the others=the other +復數(shù)名詞
the other的復數(shù)形式是the others “其他東西，其余的人”。
特指某一范圍內(nèi)的“其他的（人或物）”。
◆Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home.
兩個男孩將去動物園，其余的留在家里。
（2）prepare…for… 為……準備……
拓展：
①prepare sth.表示"準備......"，后接名詞或代詞作賓語。
◆Our English teacher was preparing the lessons when I came into the office.
我進辦公室時，我們的英語老師在備課。
② prepare to do sth.表示"準備做......"。
◆They were preparing to cross the river when it began to rain.
他們正準備過河，突然下雨了。
③prepare for sth.表示"為......做準備"。
◆The students are busy preparing for the final exam.學生們正在準備期末考試
5. At 9:00 a.m, they find that most of the babies are already awake and hungry.
上午9:00的時候，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)大部分熊貓幼崽已經(jīng)醒來并且餓了。
awake adj. 醒來 （反義詞）asleep 睡著的
◆She was awake all night.他一整晚都醒著。
V. 喚醒；使醒來 = wake up
◆The noise awak me. 噪音把我吵醒了。
6. When the babies see the keepers, they run over with excitement and some of them even walk into their friends and fall down! 當熊貓幼崽們看到飼養(yǎng)員時便激動地跑了過來，有些甚至撞倒它們的伙伴，絆倒在地！
（1）run over 撞倒
run →ran→ run→ running ???→?runner?賽跑的人
拓展：常見短語：
run?after?追逐,追求? run?away?from?從……跑掉;逃避?
run?out?(某物)被用完? run?out?of?用完(某物)?
run?into?無意間碰到,和……相撞?
（2）excitement 激動；興奮




exciting?形容詞，表示"令人興奮的；使人激動的"，指人、事、物本身讓人興奮、激動


excited?形容詞，表示"興奮的"，指人、物對......感到興奮，是（主動地感到）興奮的
excite?v "(使)興奮"

→excitement n 激動；興奮
◆Everyone was excited when they heard the exciting news.聽到這個振奮人心的消息，每個人都感到很興奮。
be excited about 對……感到激動
◆Are?you?excited?about?going?to?Beijing??對去北京你激動嗎？
to one’s excitement 使某人興奮的是
（3）fall down 跌倒
fall “落下，跌落，降落”，指在重力的作用下落下，或失去平衡而跌落
◆The leaves fall in the autumn.秋天樹葉落下來。
fall down強調(diào)的是“滑倒、倒下”，后接賓語時應加上介詞from
◆The book fell down from the table to the floor. 書從桌子上調(diào)到地板上。
拓展：常用短語：
fall down 倒下 fall over 落在...之上, 臉朝下跌倒
fall off 下降, 跌落 fall over“向前摔倒、跌倒”。
7. The baby often die from illness and do not live very long.
熊貓幼崽常死于疾病，并且活不久。
（1）die v. →（延續(xù)性動詞） be dead 死，死亡 → death n. 死，死亡
→dead adj. 死的 → dying adj. 將死的
◆Lucy’s dog’s died yesterday. Its death made her sad.露西的狗昨天死了，它的死讓露西很難過。
拓展die from 死于
①die from + 外因 “死于……”，主要指事故等方面的外部原因。
◆die from a traffic accident 死于交通事故
◆The old man died from a car accident last year.
這個老人去年死于一場車禍
②die of + 內(nèi)因 主要指疾病、衰老、情感等自身原因
◆die of hunger/an illness 餓/病死
◆His grandfather died of liver cancer in 1992.
③die out“（家族、物種等）滅絕；絕跡
◆Dinosaurs died out 65 million years ago. 恐龍在六千五百萬年前滅絕了
（2）illness 疾?。徊?br /> ill /sick 共同點："生病的；有病的"
　 不同點：ill adj."生病的；有病的"作表語，不能作定語 be ill in hospital ；而sick 作表語/作定語，"病人"a sick man 或the sick,
◆She is ill / sick in bed. 她臥病在床。
◆She is looking after her sick father .她在照顧她生病的父親。
拓展sick "惡心的；厭倦的" The smell makes me sick.這氣味使我感到惡心。
8. Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo.
成年熊貓每天花12個小時來吃掉大約10公斤的竹子。
spend … (in) doing 花時間做某事
拓展：辨析spend/pay/cost/take 花費
(1)spend→spent→spent v 花費,主語是人，常見句型：
①sb.+ spend +時間/錢+on sth
②sb. +spend +時間/錢+（in） doing sth
③spend on= pay for 支付
◆He spends too much time on the computer games.他花太多時間在電腦游戲上。
(2) pay →paid →paid v 支付，主語是人，常見句型：
sb.+ pay + 錢+for sth
◆I pay 10 yuan for the book.我花了十元買這本書。
(3) cost→ cost→ cost v 花費，主語是某物或某事
sth cost sb. +錢 某物花費某人多少錢
◆A new computer costs me a lot of money.一臺新電腦花了我許多錢。
(4)take→took → taken v 花費
It takes /took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花費某人多長時間
◆It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.做作業(yè)花了他3小時。
9. But then humans started to cut down the forests, and there was less bamboo for the pandas.
但是后來人類開始砍伐森林，導致可供熊貓吃的竹子越來越少。
（1）cut down 砍伐；砍倒
cut down 砍倒，減少，降低，縮短
◆The little boy cut down the young tree 小男孩砍掉了小樹。
【拓展】與cut有關(guān)的短語
cut something from something 切下，割下cut something away 切除，剪去
cut up 切碎 ut off切斷，停止
（2）less 更少的
①less是little（??；少）的比較級：
◆He spends less time (in) doing experiments. 他做實驗花時間較少。
②“l(fā)ess+形容詞或副詞”構(gòu)成劣等比較，作“較不…”，“更不…”解。
◆It is less cold than it was yesterday. 天氣不如昨天那樣冷。
拓展not less than + 基數(shù)詞表示"不下于；至少；不止"
no less than + 基數(shù)詞表示"達......之多（言其多）"
◆There are not less than 40 students in this class. 這個班級至少有40個學生。
◆No less than 1,000 people were missing in the earthquake.
地震中失蹤人數(shù)多達一千人。
10. Scientists say there are now fewer than 2000 pandas living in the remaining forests. 科學家們說現(xiàn)在只有不到2000只大熊貓生活在幸存的森林中了。
（1）There be + 名詞（短語） + ving. 某處有某人或某物在做某事
◆There is a truck collecting rubbish outside.一輛卡車正在外面收垃圾。
（2）remind v保持，仍是（系動詞+adj. ）
11. Another 200 or so live in zoos or research centers in China and other countries.另外的200 只左右生存在動物園或中國和其他國家的研究中心。
another +數(shù)詞 另外的……, 再……
拓展：辨析another\some......others\one......the other\other
（1）another 同類事物（三個以上）的另一個，
◆I don't like this one, please show me another.
我不喜歡這個,請給我另一個。
（2）some... others一些，另一些
◆Some boys are reading; others are listening to the radio.
有些孩子在閱讀,有些則在聽收音機。
（3）one ... the other 表示兩者里面的另一個！
◆I've bought two sweaters . One is for you and the other is for my brother.
（4）other+復數(shù)名詞
◆Where are the other students? 其他同學在哪里?
12. We all hope that in the future there will be a lot more pandas than now.
there be句型的將來時
13. Another reason for fewer and fewer pandas is because people are cutting down forests so pandas have fewer places to live and less bamboo to eat.熊貓越來越少的另外一個原因是因為人們砍伐森林，所以可供熊貓居住的地方越來越小，可供其吃的竹子也越來越少。
比較級 +and +比較級 越來越……
單元語法知識重點：形容詞副詞的原級、比較級和最高級??
（一）原級句型：?
1.?A?is?as+原級+?as+?B?表示A?與B一樣…
◆He?is?as?tall?as?me.他和我一樣高。
2. A?is?not?as/so?+原級+?as?B表示A不如B…
◆He?is?not?as?tall?as?me.?他不如我高。
3.只能修飾原級的詞，very，quite，so，too，so,?enough,?pretty等??
◆He?is?too?tired?to?walk?on.他太累了以至于不能再繼續(xù)走了。?
（二） 比較級句型?
可以修飾比較級的詞，much，a?lot，far，…的多a?little，a?bit，…一點兒?even甚至，still仍然??????
◆Lesson?One?is?much?easier?than?Lesson?Two.第一課比第二課容易得多。????????
◆Tom?looks?even?younger?than?before.湯姆甚至比以前更年輕。?
1.當句中有than?時則用比較級。?eg:?He?is?fatter?than?me.?
2．當句子中的比較對象為兩者時用比較級：“特殊疑問詞+be+形容詞比較級，A?or?B？”?
◆Which?is?bigger，the?earth?or?the?moon？哪一個大，地球還是月球？?
3.?“比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越……”。?
◆The?flowers?are?more?and?more?beautiful.花兒越來越漂亮。?
?加more構(gòu)成比較級的形容詞則用more?and?more?+形容詞表示越來越…?
◆English?is?more?and?more?important.?英語越來越重要。
4. ?“the+比較級，the+比較級”表示“越……，越……”。???
◆?The?more?careful?you?are，the?fewer?mistakes?you’ll?make.?你越小心，你犯得錯誤越少。
5. “A+be+the+形容詞比較級+of?the?two+……”表示“A是兩者中較……的”。????
◆Look?at?the?two?boys.?My?brother?is?the?taller?of?the?two.?看這兩個男孩，我哥哥比較高。
6. A+be+形容詞比較級+than+any?other+單數(shù)名詞(+介詞短語)”???表示“A比同一范圍的任何一個人/物都……”，含義是“A最……”。????
◆The?Yangtze?River?is?longer?than?any?other?river?in?China.?長江是中國第一長河。=The?Yangtze?River?is?the?longest?river?in?China.?
（三）最高級常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)?
1．“主語+be+the+形容詞最高級+單數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“……是……中最……的”。?
◆Tom?is?the?tallest?in?his?class./of?all?the?students.??湯姆是他班里最高的。?
◆This?apple?is?the?biggest?of?the?five.?這個蘋果是五個蘋果中最大的。
2．“主語+be+one?of?the+形容詞最高級+復數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“……是……中最……之一”。?
◆Beijing?is?one?of?the?largest?cities?in?China.?北京是中國最大的城市。
3． “特殊疑問詞+be+the+最高級+A，B，or?C？”用于三者以上?
◆Which?is?the?biggest??The?moon,the?sun?or?ths?earth??月亮、太陽和地球哪個最大？
4. “the?+序數(shù)詞+最高級+單數(shù)名詞+范圍”。表示…是第幾大（…）
◆The?Yellow?River?is?the?second?longest?river?in?China?.?黃河是中國第二長河。
【注意】形容詞最高級之前要加the，但當最高級之前有形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格時則不用加the??
◆He?is?my?best?friend.?他是我最好的朋友。
（四） 形容詞副詞的規(guī)則與不規(guī)則變化?l?
規(guī)則變化??
?1.一般在詞尾直接加er或est，例如，tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest???
2. 以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的單詞在詞尾直接加r或st，例如，nice-nicer-nicest???
3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，把y變?yōu)閕，再加er或est，例如，
heavy-heavier-heaviest?
4.重讀閉音節(jié)，末尾只有一個輔音字母，雙寫這個輔音字母，再加er或est，
eg.?big-bigger-biggest?
5. 部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞分別在原級前加more構(gòu)成比較級和most構(gòu)成最高級，例如，slowly-more?slowly-most?slowly；beautiful-?more?beautiful-most?beautiful
不規(guī)則變化
原級
?比較級
?最高級
good/well?
better?
best?
bad/badly/ill?
worse
?worst
many/much?
more?
most
little
less?
least?
far?
farther?
farthest?
further?
furthest
old??
older
?Oldest(無血緣關(guān)系的)
elder?
eldest（有血緣關(guān)系）


知識能力提升
一、單項選擇(15分)
1．(1分)The?weather?in?Jinan?is?colder?than ____ in?Guangzhou.
?????A.it ?????B.that ?????C.one ?????D./
2．(1分)—Who is your favorite sports star?
—Kobe Bryant. He is one of ____ players in the NBA history.
?????A.worse ?????B.greater ?????C.the worst ?????D.the greatest
3．(1分)—What do you think of the stamp?
—I like it very much. It's the ____ one I have ever seen.
?????A.worse ?????B.better ?????C.best ?????D.worst
4．(1分)—What do you think of Xiaoshenyang?
—I think he is one of ____ actors in China now.
?????A.popular ?????B.more popular
?????C.most popular ?????D.the most popular
5．(1分)____ you eat, ____ you will be.
?????A.The more; the fatter ?????B.More; fatter
?????C.Fatter; more ?????D.The fattest; the most
6．(1分)—Mum, I'm sad because I failed my exam again.
—Don't give up. ____ hard and you'll succeed in the end.
?????A.Study ?????B.Studies ?????C.Studying ?????D.To study
7．(1分)Tom is taller than ____ student in his class.
?????A.any ?????B.the other ?????C.any other ?????D.other any
8．(1分)—If you don't like the green skirt, how about the red dress?
—OK, but do you have ____?one? It's a bit small for me.
?????A.a big ?????B.a bigger ?????C.the biggest
9．(1分)Dear students, please read every sentence carefully. ____ you are, ____ mistakes you'll make.
?????A.The more carefully; the fewer ?????B.The more careful; the less
?????C.The more carefully; the less ?????D.The more careful; the fewer
10．(1分)I failed the exam _____ I did my best. But I'll try harder next time.
?????A.when ?????B.until ?????C.though ?????D.because
11．(1分)The little kids ran to their parents with ____ at the school gate after school.
?????A.excitement ?????B.progress ?????C.experience ?????D.development
12．(1分)Our teacher ____ in our school for 20 years and he ____ here when he was 25 years old.
?????A.taught; comes ?????B.taught; came
?????C.has taught; came ?????D.has taught; has come
13．(1分)—Simon, what do I need to take for the hiking?
—You'd better ____ more water than usual. It's hot today.
?????A.to take ?????B.take ?????C.taking ?????D.took
14．(1分)—Do you know the dog can call the police for help?
—Really? It's ____ thing I have heard.
?????A.amazing ?????B.more amazing
?????C.the more amazing ?????D.the most amazing
15．(1分)一Most of the wild animals are ____ because of their bad living environment.
一So we must do something to save them.
?????A.in need ?????B.on duty ?????C.at work ?????D.in danger

二、完形填空(10分)
16．(10分)???? When July comes, children know they'll have ??1?? examinations and the school year will end soon. Boys and girls will have a nearly two months' holiday, and they'll leave school ??2?? train or by car to ??3?? to see their parents.
???? The summer holidays are the ??4?? time of the year for most children. The weather is usually good, so one can ??5?? most of his time playing outside. If one lives in the country, he can ??6?? into the woods and in the fields. If one lives in a big town, he can usually go to a park to play.
???? The best place for a summer holiday is the ??7??. Some children are ??8?? enough to live near the sea. But for the others who do not, if they have the chance to stay at one of the big seaside towns for a week or two, they will talk about it all the following school year.
???? Now, ??9?? makes children like the seaside so much? I think it is the sand, the sea and the sun, not anything else. Of course, there are ??10?? new things to see, nice things to eat, and interesting things to do. But the feeling of sand under their feet, the feeling of salt water on their skin, and the feeling of the warm sun on their backs make them happier.
??????(1)A.they B.them C.theirs D.their
??????(2)A.on B.by C.in D.at
??????(3)A.go to town B.go to the parks C.leave home D.return home
??????(4)A.best B.better C.worst D.worse
??????(5)A.take B.use C.spend D.waste
??????(6)A.go out B.go on C.go up D.go away
??????(7)A.village B.seaside C.city D.park
??????(8)A.lucky B.sad C.worried D.quiet
??????(9)A.that B.which C.who D.what
??????(10)A.little B.much C.lots of D.no
三、閱讀理解(5分)
17．(5分)
???? Green is an important color in nature. It is the color of grass and the leaves on trees. It is also the color of most growing plants.
???? Sometimes, the word "green" means young, fresh and growing. For example, a greenborn is someone who has no experience. In the 15th century, a greenborn was a young cow or an ox whose borns (角) had not yet developed. A century later, a greenborn was a soldier who had no experience in war. By the 18th century, a greenborn had the meaning it has today — a person who is new in a job.
???? Someone who is good at growing plants is said to have a green thumb (大拇指). The expression comes from the early 20th century. A person with a green thumb can make plants grow quickly and well. The Green Revolution (綠色革命) is the name given some years ago to the development of new kinds of rice and other grains. It was the result of hard work by agricultural scientists who had green thumbs.
???? Green is also the color used to describe the powerful feeling. Jealousy (嫉妒). The green eyed monster is not a dangerous animal from outer space. It is an expression used about 400 years ago by the British writer William Shakespeare in his play "Othello". It describes the unpleasant feeling when someone has something he wants.
???? In most places in the world, a green light is a signal (信號) to move ahead. In everyday speech, a green light means approval (贊成) to continue with a project.
(1)A new solider was called a greenborn in the ____ century.
??????????A.15th ??????????B.16th ??????????C.18th ??????????D.20th
(2)A person with a green thumb ____.
??????????A.is good at growing plants ??????????B.really has a green thumb
??????????C.has no experience in war ??????????D.is new in a job
(3)A man may meet the green eyed monster if ____.
??????????A.he sees a dangerous animal
??????????B.he can't get something
??????????C.he reads a sad play
??????????D.his friend gets a prize that he wants
(4)This passage doesn't mention the history of the expression "____".
??????????A.a green ??????????B.a greenborn
??????????C.the green eyed monster ??????????D.a green light
(5)Which would be the best title of the passage?
??????????A.Green, the color of grass and trees.
??????????B.The stories about the color "green".
??????????C.Green, a sign of approval.
??????????D.Different meanings of "green".

四、任務型閱讀(5分)
18．(5分)???? Jeff Gaye, the young American swimmer, is becoming more and more famous. He has his own teacher, driver and even his own cook. Each time people hear him speak on television, they can't believe he's only 13. Jeff's father is an engineer but he is also his son's manager. He says, "I don't make Jeff do anything he doesn't want to do. He chooses which competition to swim in. But he works hard and wins nearly every race. I cut out all the newspaper articles about him and put them in a big box!"
???? Jeff is very busy every day because people want to write about him or photograph (給……拍照) him for magazines. "When I'm at school," Jeff says, "I just want to be like my classmates. That's really important to me." But Jeff doesn't have a normal schoolboy's life. He often has to travel for international races and has little free time. "I go to the pool every day and swim there for at least six hours. When I'm in the pool, I love every minute."
(1)Who is Jeff Gaye?
(2)What does Jeff's father do?
(3)How long does Jeff swim in the pool every day?
(4)把短文第二段中劃線的句子譯成漢語。
(5)給短文擬一個恰當?shù)挠⑽臉祟}。
五、選詞填空(10分)
19．(10分)閱讀短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框內(nèi)所給的詞的適當形式填空，每個詞限用一次（有兩個選項為多余）。
have?? hungry????nothing????eat????by?????beautiful only?????they???come???be????before????I
???? Three rich ladies met every day by the river. They sat there and talked the whole day. Once the three ladies quarreled. One of ????? said," Look, how white and beautiful my hands are!" Another one said, "My hands are more beautiful." The third one said, "????? are the most beautiful ones of all." An old beggar woman ??????up to them. "Beautiful ladies," she said, "I'm old and can't work. I'm ?????. Please give me something to eat.”
???? But the three ladies gave her ?????. They only asked, "Tell me, old woman, which one of us ????? the most beautiful hands?"
???? A farmer was also sitting by the river. She was poor and her hands were rough because of hard work. The old woman said to her, "I'm hungry. Please give me something ?????." The farmer took out her cake she had and gave her ????? a half. The old woman ate it and drank some water. Then she took the woman by the hand, brought her ????? the rich ladies and said, "Now, I shall tell you whose hands are ????????????. The hands of the poor woman are rough because of work, but they give us food; they are far more beautiful than your hands which have never done anything."
六、填空題(10分)
20．(5分)句型轉(zhuǎn)換
(1)It took this panda two hours to eat the bamboo.?(改為同義句)
This panda ?? ??? two hours ???? ? the bamboo.
(2)Last week Gina didn't go to work because she was ill.?(改為同義句)
Last week Gina didn't go to work ????? ?? her illness.
(3)Do you know other endangered animals??(改為同義句)
Do you know other animals ???? ???
(4)He has over ten English novels.?(改為同義句)
He has ??? ??? ten English novels.
(5)Please help me look after my sick mother.?(改為同義句)
Please help me ????? ??? my sick mother.
21．(5分)用所給單詞的適當形式填空
(1)His father works in a zoo as a ??? ???(keep).
(2)He can't even move because of his ?? ????(ill).
(3)All the children sang and danced with ??? ?????(excite).
(4)These plants need some ???? ??? (protect)?against the terrible weather.
(5)Look! There are so many people????? ???(swim) in the sea.
七、書面表達(15分)
22．(15分)???????邁克爾?杰克遜被譽為“流行音樂之王 (the?king?of?pop)”，請你根據(jù)下表所列信息，寫一篇70字左右的短文，介紹一下他。
姓名
Michael?Jackson
出生日期
August 29th, 1958
去世日期? ?
June 26th, 2009
出生地
Gary?in?Indiana
愛好
Singing?and?dancing
主要成就
1. Thriller 是他最著名的專輯（album）；
2. Billie?Jean 是世界上最成功的一首歌曲；
3. 他是個心地善良的人（warm-hearted），他把錢給了世界上很多國家的慈善（charity）機構(gòu)?
評價
他的歌迷們不會忘記他




英語朗讀寶
相關(guān)資料 更多
資料下載及使用幫助
版權(quán)申訴
版權(quán)申訴
若您為此資料的原創(chuàng)作者，認為該資料內(nèi)容侵犯了您的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)，請掃碼添加我們的相關(guān)工作人員，我們盡可能的保護您的合法權(quán)益。
入駐教習網(wǎng)，可獲得資源免費推廣曝光，還可獲得多重現(xiàn)金獎勵，申請 精品資源制作， 工作室入駐。
版權(quán)申訴二維碼
初中英語人教新目標 (Go for it) 版八年級下冊電子課本

單元綜合與測試

版本： 人教新目標 (Go for it) 版

年級： 八年級下冊

切換課文
  • 課件
  • 教案
  • 試卷
  • 學案
  • 更多
所有DOC左下方推薦
歡迎來到教習網(wǎng)
  • 900萬優(yōu)選資源，讓備課更輕松
  • 600萬優(yōu)選試題，支持自由組卷
  • 高質(zhì)量可編輯，日均更新2000+
  • 百萬教師選擇，專業(yè)更值得信賴
微信掃碼注冊
qrcode
二維碼已過期
刷新

微信掃碼，快速注冊

手機號注冊
手機號碼

手機號格式錯誤

手機驗證碼 獲取驗證碼

手機驗證碼已經(jīng)成功發(fā)送，5分鐘內(nèi)有效

設置密碼

6-20個字符，數(shù)字、字母或符號

注冊即視為同意教習網(wǎng)「注冊協(xié)議」及「隱私條款」
QQ注冊
手機號注冊
微信注冊

注冊成功

返回
頂部