主謂一致 考點(diǎn)一 主謂一致語(yǔ)法一致原則使用情況例句“不可數(shù)名詞、可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)、單數(shù)代詞、不定式(短語(yǔ))、v- ing形式(短語(yǔ))、從句”等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式.The girl is fond of singing．Reading is learning．What he said is right.表示可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)、代詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式 .The students are having their Chinese class．both...and...連接主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式.both Peter and Mike come from England．只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞(glasses,shorts,trousers,jeans, shoes, clothes, gloves等)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式.Jack’s glasses are broken． Linda’s shoes are black and blue．不定代詞another, each one,either,neither,the  other,       somebody,someone,something,nobody,everybody,everyone,  everything,nothing,anything, anyone,no one等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式 .Something is wrong with my computer．I called you last night, but nobody was in．Nobody believes it.“分數(shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)或“a lot of/lots of, plenty of, most of＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式與名詞保持一致 .Two thirds of the work has been finished．Most of the books are written in English． 意義一致原則使用情況例句某些集體名詞(family, class, team, group等)指整體時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式; 如果指集體中的成員時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式 .His family isn’t large． His family are watching sports games．某些名詞(如people, police等)形式上是單數(shù),但 意義上是復(fù)數(shù),因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式 .The police are searching for the murder．以-ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名稱,如physics(物理) ,politics(政治)等,以及news(消息)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式.Physics is my favorite subject．No news is good news．“the＋某些形容詞”可以表示一類人,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂 語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式 .The young are energetic．某些代詞或短語(yǔ)如half(of), the rest(of)等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)視其“具體所指”即所修飾的名詞來決定單、復(fù)數(shù).Half of the work has been finished．Half of the workers have finished their work ahead of time．表示時(shí)間、重量、距離、金錢等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞、短語(yǔ)作 主語(yǔ)時(shí), 常將其看作一個(gè)整體,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)形式.Two months is a long holiday．Ten yuan is enough．The number of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。A number of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 The number of boys in our class is 25.The number of boys are playing basketball on the playground. 就近一致原則使用情況例句由not only...but also..., either...or..., neither...nor...連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常與靠近它的主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致 .Neither you nor he is wrong．Not only Jim but also his friends areEnjoying the film．在there be句型中,如果有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語(yǔ)時(shí), 動(dòng)詞be的數(shù)一般依據(jù)就近一致原則,與靠近它的主 語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致 .There are two plates and a fork on the plate．There is an orange and two pears in the basket． 就遠(yuǎn)一致原則主語(yǔ)后面跟with, together with, along with, as well as, including, but, except, besides,rather than等詞或短語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與離它較遠(yuǎn)的主語(yǔ)數(shù)保持一致.A teacher, together with some students, is standing at the gate．   主謂一致(1)1.Either the students or the teacher_____ him very well. A.knows  B.to know  C.know D.knew2.Each of us_____ a life goal, which will guide us to a bright future. A.has  B.have  C.will have  D.had3.The scientist and inventor _____famous around the world at present. A.are  B.was   C.were   D.is4.Neither my sister nor I_____ been to Xi'an before. A.have never  B.have ever  C.has never    D.has ever5.Not only Jack but also I______ crazy about the football match. A.am  B.is   C.are  D.be6.Peter with his classmates______ for the bus when the earthquake happened. A.is waiting   B.was waiting   C.are waiting   D.were waiting7.—The number of tourists _____over 33 million this year. —Yes. A large number of tourists_____ so far because of the new look of our city. is; have come  B.is; has come  C.are; has come  D.are; have come8.—People,especially the young, _____by their friends. —That's true.Friends play an important part in everyone's life.A.easily influences     B.is easily influencedC.are easily influenced  D.influenced easily9.One of my friends _____moved to America. I miss her so much. A.has   B.have    C.are   D.is10._____of students in our class_____going to the summer camp in Beijing next week.Two fifths; is   B. Second fifths; are   C. Second fifths; is  D. Two fifths; are
11. —What’s in the picture on the wall?    —There __________ a teacher and some students playing soccer on the playground.   has      B. are         C. is        D. have12.—The number of tourists____ over 33 million this year. —Yes.A large number of tourists_____so far because of the new look of our city. A.is; have come B.is; has come  C.are; has come13.—How many _____doctors are there in your hospital, David? — ______them _____over one hundred. A.woman; The number of; isB.women; A number of; areC.women; The number of; is14.Everyone_____ in my class except Tom and Mary to Beijing. A.have been B.have gone C.has been15.-Listen! There ____ someone___at the door.-It must be your brother.is,knocking   B.is,knock C.are,knocking D.are,knock  【參考答案】語(yǔ)法綜合演練 1.A　考查主謂一致及一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此句缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,講述客觀情況用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);either…or…連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞遵循“就近原則”,the teacher是單數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式,故選A。2.A　考查主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)。主句的主語(yǔ)Each of us是單數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用has。故選A。3.D4.B　考查主謂一致及副詞辨析。neither…nor…意為“既不……也不……”,它連接兩個(gè)并列成分在句中作主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候,后面的動(dòng)詞遵循“就近原則”,又因neither…nor…表示否定,而never也表示否定,二者不能重復(fù)。故選B。5.A　考查主謂一致。not only…but also…連接兩個(gè)并列的主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞遵循“就近原則”,此句靠近謂語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)是I,所以動(dòng)詞用am。故選A。6.B　考查過去進(jìn)行時(shí)和主謂一致。動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn)或時(shí)間段內(nèi),要用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。with短語(yǔ)表伴隨,所以句子的主語(yǔ)是Peter。故選B。7.A　考查主謂一致。the number of意為“……的數(shù)量”,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;a large number of 意為“許多的;大量的”,后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),作主語(yǔ)時(shí),其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故選A。8.C　考查主謂一致及被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句中主語(yǔ)People與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞influence之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);而且People表示復(fù)數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故選C。9.A　考查主謂一致。One of my friends“我的一個(gè)朋友”是第三人稱單數(shù)。故選A。10. D【解析】句意：我們班五分之二的學(xué)生打算下周去北京參加夏令營(yíng)。表達(dá)分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)，分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，因此五分之二的表達(dá)應(yīng)該是two fifths，排除B、C；分?jǐn)?shù)后面的名詞為復(fù)數(shù)名詞students，根據(jù)主謂一致的原則，只能用are，故答案選D。11. C 【解析】there be句型表示某地有某物，用此句型不能再由have；此句型有個(gè)就近原則，be動(dòng)詞的選擇取決于與之挨著的名詞。名詞的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或者是不可數(shù)名詞的話就用is，是復(fù)數(shù)名詞用are。根據(jù)句中的a teacher可以判斷be動(dòng)詞用is。故選C。12.A　考查主謂一致。固定用法:the number of意為“……的數(shù)量”,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;a large number of 意為“許多的;大量的”,后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故選A。13.C　第一個(gè)空作定語(yǔ)修飾doctors。man,woman等名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí),要與后面的名詞在數(shù)上保持一致,可先排除A項(xiàng);由疑問詞how many可知答語(yǔ)應(yīng)為醫(yī)生的數(shù)量,“the number of+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。故選C。14.C　考查主謂一致。該句主語(yǔ)為不定代詞everyone, 不定代詞作主語(yǔ),看作單數(shù)。故選C。15.A  考查固定搭配。There be+sb/sth doing的結(jié)構(gòu)。 主謂一致(2)1.Eighty percent of the students_____ in this school three to five times a week. A.exercises  B.exercise  C.exercising2.Either the students or the teacher____ him very well. A.knows  B.to know  C.know3.—What's in the picture on the wall?—There_____ a teacher and some students playing soccer on the playground.  A.has   B.are  C.is4.Mr. Wang together with his wife____ a walk after dinner. A.enjoys taking   B.enjoy taking  C.enjoys to take5.Neither my sister nor I____ been to Xi'an before. A.have never  B.have ever  C.has never6.Not only you but also I ____interested in the cartoon called Peppa Pig. A.am  B.is  C.are7.Peter with his classmates____ for the bus when the earthquake happened. A.is waiting  B.was waiting   C.are waiting8.The number of the students_____ over 2,000 in our school. A.is  B.are  C.was9.Three years______ and we've made so many friends during our junior high school. A.has passed  B.has past  C.have passed10.Both Lily and Lucy ____to the party yesterday, but they didn't come at all. A.were invited    B.was invited   C.invited11.Eating too much junk food____ not good for our health. A.am   B.is   C.are12.The singer and actor___ very friendly. A.seem   B.seemed  C.seems13.The poor____ given a lot of everyday things. A.has been  B.have been   C.has14.The Greens_____ decided to buy a new house near Meixi Lake. A.has  B.have  C.are15.This pair of shoes _____comfortable and you can have a try. A.is  B.am   C.are     【參考答案】1.B2.A3.C　考查there be 句型。there be 句型遵循就近原則,和be靠近的是a teacher,是單數(shù)形式,因此be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用is。故選C。4.A5.B6.A　考查主謂一致。not only…but also連接并列的主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞遵循就近原則,即靠近動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)決定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式。根據(jù)空格前面的主語(yǔ)I可知be動(dòng)詞要用am。故選A。7.B　考查過去進(jìn)行時(shí)和主謂一致。動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn)或時(shí)間段內(nèi),要用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。with短語(yǔ)表伴隨,所以,句子的主語(yǔ)是Peter,故答案選B。8.A9.A10.A11.B12.C13.B14.B15.A    

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