?第一師高級(jí)中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高三第二次月考
英語(yǔ)試卷
考試時(shí)間：120分鐘
第一部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
About us
Fablesandfairytales.com is a non-profit site for visitors from all over the world to share and read fables and fairy tales.
Our main objective is to promote the importance of such stories in developing culture, imagination and creativity. We believe that reading the fables and fairy tales from different cultures allows us to build a greater understanding and appreciation of the diversity around the world.
We organise storytelling sessions around the world. Watch out for our monthly “Fable and Fairy Tale” writing competition for different age groups. We also run the permanent “Fable and Fairy Tales” museum in Hanau, Germany, at the home of the Brothers Grimm. Contact us at museum@fablesandfairytales.com to arrange your visit!
The museum is open to all individuals and school groups with a booking. A multilingual guide is available on request. No charges for guides and admissions but donations are much appreciated.

1. What is the main goal of fablesandfairytales.com?
A It provides visitors with teaching resources.
B. It promotes the reading of fables and fairy tales.
C. It holds various writing competitions around the world.
D. It conducts tours and lessons at the Fables and Fairy Tales Museum.
2. How does the “Fables and Fairy Tales” museum support itself?
A. It charges for admissions and guides.
B. It makes profits from advertisements.
C. It receives money from the Brothers Grimm.
D. It relies on the donations from its visitors.
3. What can we learn about the storytellers?
A. They get paid from the website. B. They are experienced in storytelling.
C. They will receive professional training. D. They are chosen by their uploaded works.
B
I enjoy throwing stuff away. I’d love to go full minimalism (極簡(jiǎn)主義), but my wife and two teenage kids do not share my dream of a house with almost nothing in it. I have tried. When the kids were little, I taught them my two favorite games – “Do We Need It?” and “Put It in Its Place”– and made them play every few months. Their enthusiasm never matched mine.
If I’m going to be honest, my own tidying skills are not as great as I’d like. My “discarded” pile is never quite the trash mountain I want because I make up excuses for why things are useful. I consider this unhealthy. I want to be better at moving on.
So, this time I found help – the classics for people like me: The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up, by Marie Kondo. Kondo’s commitment to her craft is astonishing. Her philosophy is only to keep things you love. Can I go full Kondo? I will try. One central idea is to clean by category. You start by collecting all clothes and gathering them together for consideration. It makes you rethink how you organize. Next, hold each item and ask if it brings you joy. This way you’re choosing what to keep. And that’s how I find myself with all my clothes on my bedroom floor. My wife walks by and gives me a look that says I’m nuts. She’s probably not wrong.
Somewhere near the bottom of this chaos is my special jacket. I move through the pile: pants, shirts, suits and shoes. Then my last category: jackets. I haven’t worn the thing in about 30 years. Somehow, it has survived. Now that I’m striving to follow Kondo – surely, its time has come?
I hold it in my hand. There is a tear just below the collar that widens as I hold it. It’s literally falling apart. Will I ever wear it again? Not a chance. Does it feel good to wear? Does it bring me joy? Actually, yes. At this moment, my daughter walks in. She asks about the jacket. I tell her the story. She thinks I should keep it. It’s cool and unique and full of memories. She is arguing that nostalgia (懷念) is the very reason.
I’m not entirely convinced by my daughter’s arguments. I believe in looking ahead, not backward. Nevertheless, sometimes it’s hard to let go. So I gently place the jacket on the “keep” pile.
4. What does the underlined word “discarded” probably mean in Paragraph 2?
A. adjusted B. reserved C. abandoned D. tidied
5. What drives the author to read The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up?
A. To learn how to categorize. B. To improve his tidying skills.
C. To persuade his family members. D. To develop passion for minimalism.
6 What is the attitude of the author’s family members toward minimalism?
A. They don’t understand it. B. They completely support it.
C. They are strongly opposed to it. D. They are less passionate about it.
7. What’s the best title for the text?
A. Knowing when to let go B. Classifying what you love
C. Throwing worn-out clothes D. Keeping valuable possessions
C
Lichens(地衣)
Lichens look like splashes of paint left behind by a careless painter. Unlike many plants, they do not require soil to grow. They grow on trunk of trees in steaming tropical rain forests, on farmers’ fenceposts, on the bricks of big-city buildings, and on old gravestones. Lichens can tolerate extremes of climate. They grow on rocks in hot springs, on wind-swept mountaintops, and on stones in the driest deserts. In the Arctic, lichens are the principal source of food for reindeer. Whole mountainsides in Antarctica appear green and orange because of the presence of lichens; they are one of the few plants that can survive there. They are among the oldest of known plants. Recently, scientists discovered lichen fossils on a rock in a mine in southwest China that date back 600 million years.
When conditions become harsh, lichens become dormant(休眠). If there is not enough moisture, they simply dry up, but a short rain or even a heavy dew gives them new life. When growing on rock surfaces, lichens produce acids that dissolve(溶解)the minerals, contributing to the process of weathering by which rocks are slowly turned to soil. This property enables lichens to be pioneers. They appear on barren rock rubbed clean by glaciers, fires, lava flows, or floods, beginning the process of soil formation that allows mosses(苔蘚)and other plants to later take root. But, despite their hardiness, lichens are extremely sensitive to airborne particles(顆粒). That’s why they serve as an early warning system for air pollution.
It is the acids lichens produce that give them their distinctive colors. Lichens are often spoken of in the same breath as mosses, and some lichens are even called mosses, but true mosses are all distinctively green, whereas lichens appear in many vivid colors. At one time, acids from lichens were used to make dyes, such as the purple dye, the blue dye, and the red dye, and they are sometimes still used that way today. Some lichens, such as oakmoss, contain oils that produce fragrant odors used in scented soaps, cosmetics and perfumes. Some lichens are also known to have antibiotic properties to kill bacteria.
So definite are the form, color, and characteristics of these organisms that for hundreds of years lichens were constantly under scientists’ microscope.
8. What characteristic of lichens is mainly talked about in paragraph 1?
A. They grow only on rock surfaces.
B. They live primarily in cold places.
C. They have adapted to a wide variety of environments.
D. They live in remote locations far from human communities.
9. The author refer to lichens as pioneers in paragraph 2 because they __________.
A. have their primitive structure
B. grow in areas before other plants do
C. are found in remote parts of the world
D. develop so early in the history of the planet
10. According to paragraph 3, humans use lichens in the following ways EXCEPT __________.
A. as a means of coloring clothing
B. as a type of medicine
C. as a source of food
D. as an ingredient in perfume
11. Which of the following cases would be probably dealt with in the next paragraph?
A. Lichens are important in Canada because of their abundance in the north.
B. Extracts of lichens were sold as herbal medicines to facilitate hair growth.
C. Glacier Park’s vast array of lichens indicate relatively good air quality.
D. A German botanist first found lichens are composed of two life forms.
D
Although the weather is very hot now, the carnival of ice and snow is getting closer. The preparation work for Beijing Winter Olympic Games, which are expected to begin on Feb 4, 2022, has entered its final stage. In January, 2021, the ice-making work on the Ice Ribbon, a landmark venue for the Beijing Winter Olympics, was completed.
In the Winter Olympics, where races can be won or lost by a small-time gap, tiny imperfections in the ice can make a big difference. “It’s not just a hunk of ice like you’d normally think of, like ice cubes sitting in your freezer,” told Kenneth Golden, a US mathematician who studies the structures of ice. “It’s a much more fascinating and complex substance than people would normally think.”
The first step for building any ice rink is to purify the water to remove dissolved solids like salts and minerals. Such impurities don’t fit in the regular hexagonal (六邊形的) structure of ice that forms as water freezes. The purer the water is, the more consistent the ice surface.
In addition to the need for excellence in the raw materials of ice-making, technology is also very important. As one of the most advanced technologies for winter sports venues, a carbon dioxide (CO2) cooling technology has been applied on a large scale for the Beijing Winter Olympic Games. CO2 is not new when it comes to ice-making. However, it has been gradually replaced by the man-made refrigerant (制冷劑) like Freon.
With increasing attention toward climate change, the old refrigerant has come into use again. As an element of the atmosphere, CO2 doesn’t damage the ozone layer. Although CO2 is a greenhouse gas, its greenhouse effect is much lower than that of other man-made refrigerants. The Winter Olympics venues adopted CO2 instead of Freon as a refrigerant in ice-making, which will reduce carbon dioxide emissions greatly.
“We believe these technological innovations will bring Beijing 2022 to spectators all over the world in a more impressive way,” told Gao Bo from the Media Operations Department of the Organizing Committee of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
12. What is the result of impurities in water for ice-making?
A. The water isn’t able to freeze completely.
B. The quality of the ice will be affected.
C. The ice surface will be more consistent.
D. It’s likely for athletes to fall on the ice.
13. Why has CO2 cooling technology been applied for the Winter Olympic Games?
A It’s the most advanced technologies for ice-making.
B. CO2 is more efficient than other refrigerants.
C. CO2 is more environmentally-friendly than Freon.
D. CO2 has already existed in the atmosphere.
14. What is Gao’s attitude to CO2 being applied to ice-making?
A. Unclear. B. Opposed. C. Doubtful. D. Favourable.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. The Beijing Winter Olympic Games Is Coming.
B. Beneath Olympic Ice.
C. The Use of Refrigerants in Olympic Games.
D. The Structure of Ice.
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
People connect to their cultural or ethnic group through similar food patterns. People from different cultural backgrounds eat different foods. ____16____ These food preferences result in patterns of food choices within a cultural or regional group.
Regional food habits do exist, but they also change over time. ____17____ They may use their old recipes with new ingredients, or experiment with new recipes to match their own tastes. Because people and food are mobile, attempts to characterize a country or people by what they eat are often inaccurate.
In addition to impacting food choices, culture also plays a role in food-related etiquette (禮節(jié)). For example, the amount people eat and leave uneaten varies from culture to culture. Some people from Middle Eastern and Southeast Asian countries might leave a little bit of food on their plates in order to indicate that their hunger has been satisfied. ____18____ Similarly, a clean plate might signify either satisfaction with the meal or desire for more food.
____19____ Many families believe that mealtime is a good time to communicate and to “catch up” on the lives of family and friends. Among other families, talking during a meal is acceptable, but the topics are limited. In some Southeast Asian countries, it is considered polite to keep silent during a meal.
Even among people who share similar cultural backgrounds, eating patterns are not identical. Further, men eat differently from women. ____20____ However, in most parts of the world, food is associated with expression of friendship. Therefore, sensitivity to food customs is important in cross-cultural communication.
A. People off different age groups eat differently.
B. As people immigrate; food preferences are exported.
C. Food items themselves have meaning attached to them.
D. The areas in which families live influence food likes and dislikes.
E. One of the reasons is that food itself is brought to other countries.
F. Besides, the role of conversation during mealtime varies from place to place.
G. However, cooks from other locations might be displeased if food is left on the plate.
第二部分 語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分75分)
第一節(jié)(共40小題;每小題1.5分，滿分60分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
One night in 2003，Jans and his wife Sherrie were walking the dog Dakotah near their house. Suddenly, a young ___21___appeared and began running in their direction. Amazed and ___22___，the couple immediately broke Dakotah loose to protect them. "However, the two animals stopped yards apart and____23____stared at each other as if each were looking at an almost- forgotten face and trying to remember something,” recalls Jans in his book A Wolf Called Romeo.
Over the next week, the Janses always____24____the wolf playing with the dogs in the neighborhood. They____25____that when the wolf saw a dog, he would make a fool of himself- wagging, pacing, and even striking some dog poses. Because of the wolf's ___26___，Sherrie named him Romeo. The___27___extended from dogs to locals quickly. ____28____ ,crowds of locals started coming to ___29___the wolf, and some liked him so much that they seemed to forget that wolves are_____30_____.
For the next five years, Romeo_____31_____to the area in fall and winter. "He would be in the same place every morning to____32____people going to work or walking their dogs,_____33_____he'd set with a time clock"，writes Jans. As the only wolf in the area，Romeo had ____34____ creatures to eat，a large open space to live in, and little_____35_____1 from other animals. However, some critics felt Romeo was a(n)_____36_____，and there was a talk about driving him out of the area.
Romeo came again in September 2009，but later that month, he_____37_____again. After some searching, a supporter found he had been_____38_____by Park and Jeff. Both men were arrested later. They ended up paying fines according to the local law, losing hunting ____39____. In late November 2010，a memorial service was held for Romeo. "Nothing can take away the years we spent in his____40____ ，”writes Jans. "We'll remember the happiness he brought to us forever.”
21. A. woman B. boy C. wolf D. dog
22. A. curious B. terrified C. disappointed D. content
23. A. anxiously B. tentatively C. angrily D. hardly
24. A. spotted B. prevented C. protected D. imagined
25. A. hated B. believed C. observed D. warned
26. A. experience B. violence C. companion D. behavior
27. A. friendship B. challenge C. campaign D. freedom
28. A. Approximately B. Generally C. Importantly D. Gradually
29. A. keep a record of B. have a look at C. make an example of D. take advantage of
30. A. aggressive B. kind C. stubborn D. lonely
31. A. reacted B. adapted C. returned D. ref erred
32. A. attack B. stop C. inform D. meet
33. A. even if B. as though C. so that D. in case
34. A. offensive B. limited C. common D. abundant
35. A. competition B. acquaintance C. cooperation D. acquisition
36. A. pride B. pity C. danger D. accomplishment
37. A. burst B. arose C. changed D. disappeared
38. A. shot B. hidden C. fooled D. raised
39. A. methods B. privileges C. partners D. habits
40. A. hand B. direction C. company D. opinion
B
Courage involves the balance between fear and bravery. Without fear, we’ll do foolish things. And without courage, we’ll never step into the ___41___. The balance of the two is where the magic lies, and it’s a balance we all ___42___ every day.
It was frightening news when I was first diagnosed because I had no ___43___with chronic(慢性的)illness or disabilities. And I had no idea how the disease might ___44___. But I continued to ___45___ my dream of working all over the world. And then my work brought me to the United States. And even as the disease progressed ___46___and I needed leg braces(支架)and a walker to ___47___, I still longed for adventure. And this time, I started dreaming of a ___48___outdoor adventure.
Sitting eight feet above the ground, riding a horse, I got the impression of the Grand Canyon—one of ___49___ and terror. But there was no ____50____. In the first hour, disaster struck. Going down an oversized step, I was ____51____ forward and hit my face on the back of the horse’s head. There was ____52____. My head hurt fiercely, but the path was too narrow for me to ____53____the horse.
Now that the trip is over, I know that I would never do horseback-riding again. The ____54____, all that planning and the trip itself showed me a level of ____55____I had never experienced before. But more importantly, it showed me how boldly ____56____ I can be.
In facing my fears and finding the courage to ____57____ them, I swear my life has been ____58____. So live big and try to let your courage ____59____your fear. You never know where it might ____60____ you.
41. A. unimportant B. unfair C. unknown D. undesirable
42. A. sort out B. deal with C. spy on D. cut down
43. A. experience B. direction C. relationship D. mood
44. A. emerge B. adapt C. progress D. extend
45. A. present B. purchase C. interpret D. pursue
46. A. flexibly B. mildly C. evenly D. significantly
47. A. get around B. go over C. come along D. hold on
48. A. random B. grand C. romantic D. historical
49. A. regret B. disgust C. shock D. embarrassment
50. A. settling down B. turning down C. trying out D. giving up
51. A. knocked B. thrown C. stuck D. hurried
52. A. panic B. stress C. relaxation D. silence
53. A. fall off B. get off C. take off D. cut off
54. A. spectacle B. horizon C. magnificence D. expedition
55. A. delight B. calmness C. persistence D. fear
56. A. peaceful B. attracted C. courageous D. smart
57. A. push through B. get away with C. put out D. hold back
58. A. grave B. busy C. extraordinary D. happy
59. A. outline B. overweigh C. overlook D. outnumber
60. A. take B. bring C. keep D. guard
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Chinese Teachers’ Day is the very festival ___61___ celebrates the 2,300-year tradition of respecting teachers and education in China. It bears much ___62___（similar） to the birthday of Confucius or the birthday of private school tutor in ancient China.
The history of Chinese Teachers’ Day ___63___（date） back to the Han Dynasty. According to the record, during the Han and Jin dynasties, on August 27 each year, the birthday of Confucius, followed by court officials, the emperor would go to Confucius’ temple and pay tribute to the ancient philosopher, and would also invite royal teachers ___64___ the imperial court for a banquet. Local ___65___（chief） followed the court, and on this day, teachers around the nation enjoyed a day’s vacation and were given dried meat as gifts.
With local officials or the emperor ___66___（lead） a series of activities, the capital, all states and counties would also stage sacrificial ceremonies ___67___（admire） Confucius. Excellent-performing teachers would ___68___（choose） from academies and learning institutions nationwide, reporting to the royal court and given 500 liang（兩） silver coins as awards.
Until the Qing Dynasty, the sacrificial ceremony, on August 27, was of ___69___ larger scale. The teachers’ salaries in schools and academies around the nation were raised, and well-performing teachers would be awarded official titles or promoted to ___70___（high） positions.
第三部分 寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿分 35 分)
第一節(jié) 短文改錯(cuò)(共 10 小題;每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分)
71. 假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞作斜線（\）劃掉。
修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。
注意：1 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
1. 只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。
During a show at my Junior high school, many other student chose to play a musical instrument or tell a joke, but I decided sing my favorite song. I had practiced the song many times and could sing it perfectly. However, this day doesn’t go as I had planned. When my name was called, I walked on the stage. Suddenly, 300 people were watching us. I was very nervous that my hands were shaking. Then the music came on. I couldn’t remember of the first part of the song and didn’t sing it at all. To my surprising, instead of laugh at me, people tried to cheer me on. I became relaxing and sang the rest perfectly. It was really a unforgettable experience.
第二節(jié) 書(shū)面表達(dá)(滿分 25 分)
72. 假定你是李華。志愿者們最近對(duì)你校學(xué)生的周末時(shí)間分配進(jìn)行了調(diào)查。請(qǐng)你結(jié)合下表內(nèi)容，給校報(bào)英語(yǔ)專欄編輯Mr. Johnson寫(xiě)封信，反映這次調(diào)查的結(jié)果。內(nèi)容要求：
1.描述圖表內(nèi)容；
2.分析所反映的問(wèn)題；
3.提出你的看法。

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；
2可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
3.信的開(kāi)頭和落款已為你寫(xiě)出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)
Dear Mr. Johnson.
Recently volunteers have conducted a survey about how the students spend their weekends.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua


第一師高級(jí)中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高三第二次月考
英語(yǔ)試卷
考試時(shí)間：120分鐘
第一部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
About us
Fablesandfairytales.com is a non-profit site for visitors from all over the world to share and read fables and fairy tales.
Our main objective is to promote the importance of such stories in developing culture, imagination and creativity. We believe that reading the fables and fairy tales from different cultures allows us to build a greater understanding and appreciation of the diversity around the world.
We organise storytelling sessions around the world. Watch out for our monthly “Fable and Fairy Tale” writing competition for different age groups. We also run the permanent “Fable and Fairy Tales” museum in Hanau, Germany, at the home of the Brothers Grimm. Contact us at museum@fablesandfairytales.com to arrange your visit!
The museum is open to all individuals and school groups with a booking. A multilingual guide is available on request. No charges for guides and admissions but donations are much appreciated.

1. What is the main goal of fablesandfairytales.com?
A. It provides visitors with teaching resources.
B. It promotes the reading of fables and fairy tales.
C. It holds various writing competitions around the world.
D. It conducts tours and lessons at the Fables and Fairy Tales Museum.
2. How does the “Fables and Fairy Tales” museum support itself?
A. It charges for admissions and guides.
B. It makes profits from advertisements.
C. It receives money from the Brothers Grimm.
D. It relies on the donations from its visitors.
3. What can we learn about the storytellers?
A. They get paid from the website. B. They are experienced in storytelling.
C. They will receive professional training. D. They are chosen by their uploaded works.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了Fablesandfairytales.com 網(wǎng)站的性質(zhì)、創(chuàng)立的目標(biāo)以及開(kāi)展的項(xiàng)目。文章還介紹了網(wǎng)站所經(jīng)營(yíng)的“寓言和童話”博物館，并發(fā)布招聘啟事，招聘故事講述人。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Fablesandfairytales.com is a non-profit site for visitors from all over the world to share and read fables and fairy tales.(Fablesandfairytales.com是一個(gè)非盈利性網(wǎng)站，供來(lái)自世界各地的訪客分享和閱讀寓言和童話。)”以及第二段“Our main objective is to promote the importance of such stories in developing culture, imagination and creativity. We believe that reading the fables and fairy tales from different cultures allows us to build a greater understanding and appreciation of the diversity around the world.(我們的主要目標(biāo)是宣傳這些故事在發(fā)展文化，想象力和創(chuàng)造力方面的重要性。我們相信，閱讀來(lái)自不同文化的寓言和童話能讓我們更好地理解和欣賞世界的多樣性。)”可知此網(wǎng)站的主要目標(biāo)是要促進(jìn)寓言和童話的閱讀。故選B。
【2題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第三句“No charges for guides and admissions but donations are much appreciated.(導(dǎo)游和入場(chǎng)不收費(fèi)，但歡迎捐款)”可推斷出這個(gè)博物館依靠游客的捐贈(zèng)來(lái)維持。故選D。
【3題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后海報(bào)中的“Join us as a storyteller! If you are passionate about being a storyteller, send us a video of a reading to storyteller@fablesandfairytales.com. Upload a great performance and we will include you in our list!(加入我們，成為一個(gè)講故事的人！如果你想成為一個(gè)講故事的人，請(qǐng)給我們發(fā)送一個(gè)閱讀視頻到storyteller@fablesandfairytales.com。上傳精彩表現(xiàn)的視頻，我們會(huì)將您列入我們的聘用名單！)”可知故事講述人都是根據(jù)他們上傳的作品選出來(lái)的。故選D。
B
I enjoy throwing stuff away. I’d love to go full minimalism (極簡(jiǎn)主義), but my wife and two teenage kids do not share my dream of a house with almost nothing in it. I have tried. When the kids were little, I taught them my two favorite games – “Do We Need It?” and “Put It in Its Place”– and made them play every few months. Their enthusiasm never matched mine.
If I’m going to be honest, my own tidying skills are not as great as I’d like. My “discarded” pile is never quite the trash mountain I want because I make up excuses for why things are useful. I consider this unhealthy. I want to be better at moving on.
So, this time I found help – the classics for people like me: The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up, by Marie Kondo. Kondo’s commitment to her craft is astonishing. Her philosophy is only to keep things you love. Can I go full Kondo? I will try. One central idea is to clean by category. You start by collecting all clothes and gathering them together for consideration. It makes you rethink how you organize. Next, hold each item and ask if it brings you joy. This way you’re choosing what to keep. And that’s how I find myself with all my clothes on my bedroom floor. My wife walks by and gives me a look that says I’m nuts. She’s probably not wrong.
Somewhere near the bottom of this chaos is my special jacket. I move through the pile: pants, shirts, suits and shoes. Then my last category: jackets. I haven’t worn the thing in about 30 years. Somehow, it has survived. Now that I’m striving to follow Kondo – surely, its time has come?
I hold it in my hand. There is a tear just below the collar that widens as I hold it. It’s literally falling apart. Will I ever wear it again? Not a chance. Does it feel good to wear? Does it bring me joy? Actually, yes. At this moment, my daughter walks in. She asks about the jacket. I tell her the story. She thinks I should keep it. It’s cool and unique and full of memories. She is arguing that nostalgia (懷念) is the very reason.
I’m not entirely convinced by my daughter’s arguments. I believe in looking ahead, not backward. Nevertheless, sometimes it’s hard to let go. So I gently place the jacket on the “keep” pile.
4. What does the underlined word “discarded” probably mean in Paragraph 2?
A. adjusted B. reserved C. abandoned D. tidied
5. What drives the author to read The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up?
A. To learn how to categorize. B. To improve his tidying skills.
C. To persuade his family members. D. To develop passion for minimalism.
6. What is the attitude of the author’s family members toward minimalism?
A. They don’t understand it. B. They completely support it.
C. They are strongly opposed to it. D. They are less passionate about it.
7. What’s the best title for the text?
A. Knowing when to let go B. Classifying what you love
C. Throwing worn-out clothes D. Keeping valuable possessions
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是記敘文。文中作者喜歡完全的極簡(jiǎn)主義風(fēng)格，但家人并不支持他，為了提高整理技巧，作者去讀了《改變生活的整理魔法》。在整理滿地的衣服時(shí)，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)了難以舍棄的夾克衫，又把它放在了“保留”堆里。
【4題詳解】
詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“If I’m going to be honest, my own tidying skills are not as great as I’d like. My “discarded” pile is never quite the trash mountain I want because I make up excuses for why things are useful. ”（說(shuō)實(shí)話，我自己的整理技能并沒(méi)有我想要的那么好。我的“discarded”堆從來(lái)都不是我想要的垃圾山，因?yàn)槲覟闁|西為什么有用找借口）可知，愛(ài)整理的作者，整理出來(lái)要扔棄的不是自己想要的垃圾山。故劃線詞意思是丟棄，近義詞是abandoned。故選C。
【5題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“I want to be better at moving on.”(我想更好地繼續(xù)前進(jìn))以及第三段“So, this time I found help – the classics for people like me: The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up, by Marie Kondo. Kondo’s commitment to her craft is astonishing. Her philosophy is only to keep things you love.”（所以，這次我找到了幫助——為像我這樣的人準(zhǔn)備的經(jīng)典書(shū)籍:近藤麻理惠的《改變生活的整理魔法》。近藤對(duì)她的技藝的投入是驚人的。她的哲學(xué)是只保留自己喜歡的東西）可知，提高他的整理技巧是驅(qū)使作者去讀《改變生活的整理魔法》。故選B。
【6題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“I enjoy throwing stuff away. I’d love to go full minimalism (極簡(jiǎn)主義), but my wife and two teenage kids do not share my dream of a house with almost nothing in it. I have tried. When the kids were little, I taught them my two favorite games – ‘Do We Need It?’ and ‘Put It in Its Place’– and made them play every few months. Their enthusiasm never matched mine. ”（我喜歡扔掉東西。我喜歡完全的極簡(jiǎn)主義風(fēng)格，但我的妻子和兩個(gè)十幾歲的孩子不喜歡我那種幾乎什么都沒(méi)有的房子的夢(mèng)想。我已經(jīng)試過(guò)了。當(dāng)孩子們還小的時(shí)候，我教他們我最喜歡的兩個(gè)游戲——“我們需要它嗎?”和《放回原處》——每隔幾個(gè)月就讓他們演奏一次。他們的熱情永遠(yuǎn)比不上我）可知，家人們對(duì)極簡(jiǎn)主義不那么有激情。故選D。
【7題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文以及根據(jù)最后一段“I believe in looking ahead, not backward. Nevertheless, sometimes it’s hard to let go. So I gently place the jacket on the “keep” pile.”（我相信向前看，而不是向后看。然而，有時(shí)候放手是很難的。所以我輕輕地把夾克放在“保留”那一堆）可知，作者一直堅(jiān)持極簡(jiǎn)主義風(fēng)格，但是在整理過(guò)程中也遇到了難以取舍的物品，所以本文圍繞著“在收納過(guò)程中知道什么時(shí)候放手”的主題展開(kāi)?！爸朗裁磿r(shí)候放手”適合做最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。
C
Lichens(地衣)
Lichens look like splashes of paint left behind by a careless painter. Unlike many plants, they do not require soil to grow. They grow on trunk of trees in steaming tropical rain forests, on farmers’ fenceposts, on the bricks of big-city buildings, and on old gravestones. Lichens can tolerate extremes of climate. They grow on rocks in hot springs, on wind-swept mountaintops, and on stones in the driest deserts. In the Arctic, lichens are the principal source of food for reindeer. Whole mountainsides in Antarctica appear green and orange because of the presence of lichens; they are one of the few plants that can survive there. They are among the oldest of known plants. Recently, scientists discovered lichen fossils on a rock in a mine in southwest China that date back 600 million years.
When conditions become harsh, lichens become dormant(休眠). If there is not enough moisture, they simply dry up, but a short rain or even a heavy dew gives them new life. When growing on rock surfaces, lichens produce acids that dissolve(溶解)the minerals, contributing to the process of weathering by which rocks are slowly turned to soil. This property enables lichens to be pioneers. They appear on barren rock rubbed clean by glaciers, fires, lava flows, or floods, beginning the process of soil formation that allows mosses(苔蘚)and other plants to later take root. But, despite their hardiness, lichens are extremely sensitive to airborne particles(顆粒). That’s why they serve as an early warning system for air pollution.
It is the acids lichens produce that give them their distinctive colors. Lichens are often spoken of in the same breath as mosses, and some lichens are even called mosses, but true mosses are all distinctively green, whereas lichens appear in many vivid colors. At one time, acids from lichens were used to make dyes, such as the purple dye, the blue dye, and the red dye, and they are sometimes still used that way today. Some lichens, such as oakmoss, contain oils that produce fragrant odors used in scented soaps, cosmetics and perfumes. Some lichens are also known to have antibiotic properties to kill bacteria.
So definite are the form, color, and characteristics of these organisms that for hundreds of years lichens were constantly under scientists’ microscope.
8. What characteristic of lichens is mainly talked about in paragraph 1?
A. They grow only on rock surfaces.
B. They live primarily in cold places.
C. They have adapted to a wide variety of environments.
D. They live in remote locations far from human communities.
9. The author refer to lichens as pioneers in paragraph 2 because they __________.
A. have their primitive structure
B. grow in areas before other plants do
C. are found in remote parts of the world
D. develop so early in the history of the planet
10. According to paragraph 3, humans use lichens in the following ways EXCEPT __________.
A. as a means of coloring clothing
B. as a type of medicine
C. as a source of food
D. as an ingredient in perfume
11. Which of the following cases would be probably dealt with in the next paragraph?
A. Lichens are important in Canada because of their abundance in the north.
B. Extracts of lichens were sold as herbal medicines to facilitate hair growth.
C. Glacier Park’s vast array of lichens indicate relatively good air quality.
D. A German botanist first found lichens are composed of two life forms.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了地衣，包括其各種各樣的生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境和用途。
【8題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“They grow on trunk of trees in steaming tropical rain forests, on farmers’ fenceposts, on the bricks of big-city buildings, and on old gravestones. Lichens can tolerate extremes of climate. They grow on rocks in hot springs, on wind-swept mountaintops, and on stones in the driest deserts. In the Arctic, lichens are the principal source of food for reindeer. Whole mountainsides in Antarctica appear green and orange because of the presence of lichens; they are one of the few plants that can survive there. They are among the oldest of known plants. Recently, scientists discovered lichen fossils on a rock in a mine in southwest China that date back 600 million years.(它們生長(zhǎng)在熱帶雨林的樹(shù)干上，生長(zhǎng)在農(nóng)民的籬笆柱上，生長(zhǎng)在大城市建筑的磚塊上，生長(zhǎng)在古老的墓碑上。地衣可以忍受極端的氣候。它們生長(zhǎng)在溫泉的巖石上，風(fēng)吹過(guò)的山頂上，以及最干燥的沙漠里的石頭上。在北極，地衣是馴鹿的主要食物來(lái)源。南極洲的整個(gè)山坡因?yàn)榈匾碌拇嬖诙尸F(xiàn)出綠色和橙色；它們是少數(shù)能在那里生存的植物之一。它們是已知最古老的植物之一。最近，科學(xué)家們?cè)谥袊?guó)西南部的一個(gè)礦山的巖石上發(fā)現(xiàn)了地衣化石，可以追溯到6億年前。)”可知，第一段主要介紹了地衣生長(zhǎng)在各種不同的環(huán)境中，由此可推知，地衣已經(jīng)適應(yīng)了各種各樣的環(huán)境。故選C。
【9題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“When growing on rock surfaces, lichens produce acids that dissolve(溶解)the minerals, contributing to the process of weathering by which rocks are slowly turned to soil. This property enables lichens to be pioneers. They appear on barren rock rubbed clean by glaciers, fires, lava flows, or floods, beginning the process of soil formation that allows mosses(苔蘚)and other plants to later take root.(當(dāng)?shù)匾律L(zhǎng)在巖石表面時(shí)，會(huì)產(chǎn)生酸性物質(zhì)溶解礦物質(zhì)，促進(jìn)巖石慢慢變成土壤的風(fēng)化過(guò)程。這種特性使地衣成為先鋒。它們出現(xiàn)在被冰川、火災(zāi)、熔巖流或洪水沖刷干凈的貧瘠巖石上，開(kāi)始了土壤形成的過(guò)程，使苔蘚和其他植物后來(lái)生根。)”可知，地衣生長(zhǎng)在巖石表面，促進(jìn)巖石慢慢變成土壤的風(fēng)化過(guò)程，形成土壤，這讓苔蘚和其他植物能生根，由此可推知，作者在第二段中將地衣稱為先驅(qū)，是因?yàn)樗鼈兿扔谄渌参?，最先在巖石上生長(zhǎng)的，故選B。
【10題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“At one time, acids from lichens were used to make dyes, such as the purple dye, the blue dye, and the red dye, and they are sometimes still used that way today. Some lichens, such as oakmoss, contain oils that produce fragrant odors used in scented soaps, cosmetics and perfumes. Some lichens are also known to have antibiotic properties to kill bacteria.(曾經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間，地衣中的酸被用來(lái)制造染料，比如紫色染料、藍(lán)色染料和紅色染料，它們有時(shí)至今仍被用于制造染料。一些地衣，例如橡樹(shù)苔，含有可以產(chǎn)生芳香氣味的油，用于香皂、化妝品和香水。一些地衣也具有殺菌的抗生素特性。)”可知，人類使用地衣作為染料，香水的原料，以及作為一種藥物，C選項(xiàng)“作為食物來(lái)源”沒(méi)有提到，故選C。
【11題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“So definite are the form, color, and characteristics of these organisms that for hundreds of years lichens were constantly under scientists’ microscope.( 這些生物的形態(tài)、顏色和特征是如此的明確，以至于幾百年來(lái)，地衣一直在科學(xué)家的顯微鏡下。)”可知，文章最后一段主要指出幾百年來(lái)，科學(xué)家一直在顯微鏡下觀察研究地衣，由此可推知，文章接下來(lái)會(huì)講科學(xué)家在顯微鏡下對(duì)地衣的發(fā)現(xiàn)，D項(xiàng)“A German botanist first found lichens are composed of two life forms.(一位德國(guó)植物學(xué)家首次發(fā)現(xiàn)地衣是由兩種生命形式組成的。)”符合，故選D。
D
Although the weather is very hot now, the carnival of ice and snow is getting closer. The preparation work for Beijing Winter Olympic Games, which are expected to begin on Feb 4, 2022, has entered its final stage. In January, 2021, the ice-making work on the Ice Ribbon, a landmark venue for the Beijing Winter Olympics, was completed.
In the Winter Olympics, where races can be won or lost by a small-time gap, tiny imperfections in the ice can make a big difference. “It’s not just a hunk of ice like you’d normally think of, like ice cubes sitting in your freezer,” told Kenneth Golden, a US mathematician who studies the structures of ice. “It’s a much more fascinating and complex substance than people would normally think.”
The first step for building any ice rink is to purify the water to remove dissolved solids like salts and minerals. Such impurities don’t fit in the regular hexagonal (六邊形的) structure of ice that forms as water freezes. The purer the water is, the more consistent the ice surface.
In addition to the need for excellence in the raw materials of ice-making, technology is also very important. As one of the most advanced technologies for winter sports venues, a carbon dioxide (CO2) cooling technology has been applied on a large scale for the Beijing Winter Olympic Games. CO2 is not new when it comes to ice-making. However, it has been gradually replaced by the man-made refrigerant (制冷劑) like Freon.
With increasing attention toward climate change, the old refrigerant has come into use again. As an element of the atmosphere, CO2 doesn’t damage the ozone layer. Although CO2 is a greenhouse gas, its greenhouse effect is much lower than that of other man-made refrigerants. The Winter Olympics venues adopted CO2 instead of Freon as a refrigerant in ice-making, which will reduce carbon dioxide emissions greatly.
“We believe these technological innovations will bring Beijing 2022 to spectators all over the world in a more impressive way,” told Gao Bo from the Media Operations Department of the Organizing Committee of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
12. What is the result of impurities in water for ice-making?
A. The water isn’t able to freeze completely.
B. The quality of the ice will be affected.
C. The ice surface will be more consistent.
D. It’s likely for athletes to fall on the ice.
13. Why has CO2 cooling technology been applied for the Winter Olympic Games?
A. It’s the most advanced technologies for ice-making.
B. CO2 is more efficient than other refrigerants.
C. CO2 is more environmentally-friendly than Freon.
D. CO2 has already existed in the atmosphere.
14. What is Gao’s attitude to CO2 being applied to ice-making?
A. Unclear. B. Opposed. C. Doubtful. D. Favourable.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. The Beijing Winter Olympic Games Is Coming.
B. Beneath Olympic Ice.
C. The Use of Refrigerants in Olympic Games.
D. The Structure of Ice.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了北京冬奧會(huì)在制冰的原料和技術(shù)上的精益求精。
【12題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Such impurities don’t fit in the regular hexagonal structure of ice that forms as water freezes. The purer the water is, the more consistent the ice surface.”（這些雜質(zhì)不適合水結(jié)冰時(shí)形成規(guī)則的六邊形冰結(jié)構(gòu)。水越純凈，冰面越穩(wěn)定。）可知，制冰用水中有雜質(zhì)，冰的質(zhì)量會(huì)受到影響。故選B項(xiàng)。
【13題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“As an element of the atmosphere, CO2 doesn’t damage the ozone layer. Although CO2 is a greenhouse gas, its greenhouse effect is much lower than that of other man-made refrigerants. The Winter Olympics venues adopted CO2 instead of Freon as a refrigerant in ice-making, which will reduce carbon dioxide emissions greatly.”（作為大氣的一種成分，二氧化碳不會(huì)破壞臭氧層。雖然二氧化碳是一種溫室氣體，但其溫室效應(yīng)遠(yuǎn)低于其他人造制冷劑。冬奧會(huì)場(chǎng)館在制冰過(guò)程中采用二氧化碳代替氟利昂作為制冷劑，這將大大減少二氧化碳的排放。）可知，二氧化碳冷卻技術(shù)被應(yīng)用于冬奧會(huì)是因?yàn)槎趸急确焊迎h(huán)保。故選C項(xiàng)。
14題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“We believe these technological innovations will bring Beijing 2022 to spectators all over the world in a more impressive way”（我們相信，這些技術(shù)創(chuàng)新將以更令人印象深刻的方式將北京2022年冬奧會(huì)帶給世界各地的觀眾。）可知，高波對(duì)于二氧化碳用于制冰持有支持態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)。
【15題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“In January, 2021, the ice-making work on the Ice Ribbon, a landmark venue for the Beijing Winter Olympics, was completed.”（2021年1月，北京冬奧會(huì)標(biāo)志性場(chǎng)地“冰帶”的制冰工作已經(jīng)完成。）以及文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了北京冬奧會(huì)在制冰的原料和技術(shù)上的精益求精，所以“Beneath Olympic Ice”（冬奧會(huì)滑冰場(chǎng)的秘密）可以作為文章標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
People connect to their cultural or ethnic group through similar food patterns. People from different cultural backgrounds eat different foods. ____16____ These food preferences result in patterns of food choices within a cultural or regional group.
Regional food habits do exist, but they also change over time. ____17____ They may use their old recipes with new ingredients, or experiment with new recipes to match their own tastes. Because people and food are mobile, attempts to characterize a country or people by what they eat are often inaccurate.
In addition to impacting food choices, culture also plays a role in food-related etiquette (禮節(jié)). For example, the amount people eat and leave uneaten varies from culture to culture. Some people from Middle Eastern and Southeast Asian countries might leave a little bit of food on their plates in order to indicate that their hunger has been satisfied. ____18____ Similarly, a clean plate might signify either satisfaction with the meal or desire for more food.
____19____ Many families believe that mealtime is a good time to communicate and to “catch up” on the lives of family and friends. Among other families, talking during a meal is acceptable, but the topics are limited. In some Southeast Asian countries, it is considered polite to keep silent during a meal.
Even among people who share similar cultural backgrounds, eating patterns are not identical. Further, men eat differently from women. ____20____ However, in most parts of the world, food is associated with expression of friendship. Therefore, sensitivity to food customs is important in cross-cultural communication.
A. People off different age groups eat differently.
B. As people immigrate; food preferences are exported.
C. Food items themselves have meaning attached to them.
D. The areas in which families live influence food likes and dislikes.
E. One of the reasons is that food itself is brought to other countries.
F. Besides, the role of conversation during mealtime varies from place to place.
G. However, cooks from other locations might be displeased if food is left on the plate.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. G 19. F 20. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了在不同的文化中飲食模式不同的原因。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)“People from different cultural backgrounds eat different foods. (不同文化背景的人吃不同的食物)”以及“These food preferences result in patterns of food choices within a cultural or regional group.(這些食物偏好導(dǎo)致了文化或區(qū)域群體內(nèi)的食物選擇模式)”可知，不同文化背景的人吃不同的食物，而家庭所居住的局域也會(huì)對(duì)食物的偏好有所影響。由此可知，D項(xiàng)“家庭居住的地區(qū)影響食物的好惡”符合語(yǔ)境，和前一句話共同解釋了造成飲食偏好的原因。故選D。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)“They may use their old recipes with new ingredients, or experiment with new recipes to match their own tastes. Because people and food are mobile, attempts to characterize a country or people by what they eat are often inaccurate.(他們可能會(huì)用他們的老食譜搭配新的配料，或者嘗試新的食譜來(lái)滿足自己的口味。因?yàn)槿撕褪澄锸橇鲃?dòng)的，所以試圖通過(guò)吃什么來(lái)描述一個(gè)國(guó)家或一個(gè)人往往是不準(zhǔn)確的)”可知，因?yàn)槿丝诤褪澄锒际橇鲃?dòng)的，所以人們吃的食物也會(huì)因?yàn)槿丝诤褪澄锏牧鲃?dòng)而改變。由此可知，B項(xiàng)“隨著人們的移民，食物偏好被輸出”符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)中的 immigrate和下文中“people and food are mobile”相呼應(yīng)。故選B。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)“In addition to impacting food choices, culture also plays a role in food-related etiquette (禮節(jié)).( 除了影響食物選擇外，文化也在與食物相關(guān)的禮儀中發(fā)揮作用)”以及“Some people from Middle Eastern and Southeast Asian countries might leave a little bit of food on their plates in order to indicate that their hunger has been satisfied.( 一些來(lái)自中東和東南亞國(guó)家的人可能會(huì)在盤(pán)子里留下一點(diǎn)食物，以表明他們的饑餓得到了滿足)”可知，文化的不同也在與食物相關(guān)的禮儀中發(fā)揮作用，而且文中舉了幾個(gè)不同的飲食習(xí)俗。由此可知，G項(xiàng)“然而，如果食物留在盤(pán)子里，其他地方的廚師可能會(huì)不高興”符合語(yǔ)境。G項(xiàng)中的however和前文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，而且也是在舉例說(shuō)明不同的飲食習(xí)俗。故選G。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)“Many families believe that mealtime is a good time to communicate and to “catch up” on the lives of family and friends. (許多家庭認(rèn)為，進(jìn)餐時(shí)間是溝通和“趕上”家人和朋友生活好時(shí)機(jī))”可知，本段主要講述進(jìn)餐時(shí)間是和家人溝通的好時(shí)機(jī)。由此可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“此外，在進(jìn)餐時(shí)間交談的作用因地而異”符合語(yǔ)境。F項(xiàng)中的conversation和下文中的communicate相呼應(yīng)。故選F。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)“Even among people who share similar cultural backgrounds, eating patterns are not identical. Further, men eat differently from women.( 即使在文化背景相似的人群中，飲食模式也不盡相同。此外，男性的飲食與女性不同)”可知，本段主要講述即使在文化相同的人群中，飲食習(xí)慣也會(huì)不同。由此可知，A項(xiàng)“不同年齡段的人吃得不同”符合語(yǔ)境。和前一句話共同構(gòu)成了“即使在文化相同的人群中，飲食習(xí)慣也會(huì)不同”的兩個(gè)方面。故選A。
第二部分 語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分75分)
第一節(jié)(共40小題;每小題1.5分，滿分60分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
One night in 2003，Jans and his wife Sherrie were walking the dog Dakotah near their house. Suddenly, a young ___21___appeared and began running in their direction. Amazed and ___22___，the couple immediately broke Dakotah loose to protect them. "However, the two animals stopped yards apart and____23____stared at each other as if each were looking at an almost- forgotten face and trying to remember something,” recalls Jans in his book A Wolf Called Romeo.
Over the next week, the Janses always____24____the wolf playing with the dogs in the neighborhood. They____25____that when the wolf saw a dog, he would make a fool of himself- wagging, pacing, and even striking some dog poses. Because of the wolf's ___26___，Sherrie named him Romeo. The___27___extended from dogs to locals quickly. ____28____ ,crowds of locals started coming to ___29___the wolf, and some liked him so much that they seemed to forget that wolves are_____30_____.
For the next five years, Romeo_____31_____to the area in fall and winter. "He would be in the same place every morning to____32____people going to work or walking their dogs,_____33_____he'd set with a time clock"，writes Jans. As the only wolf in the area，Romeo had ____34____ creatures to eat，a large open space to live in, and little_____35_____1 from other animals. However, some critics felt Romeo was a(n)_____36_____，and there was a talk about driving him out of the area.
Romeo came again in September 2009，but later that month, he_____37_____again. After some searching, a supporter found he had been_____38_____by Park and Jeff. Both men were arrested later. They ended up paying fines according to the local law, losing hunting ____39____. In late November 2010，a memorial service was held for Romeo. "Nothing can take away the years we spent in his____40____ ，”writes Jans. "We'll remember the happiness he brought to us forever.”
21. A. woman B. boy C. wolf D. dog
22. A. curious B. terrified C. disappointed D. content
23. A. anxiously B. tentatively C. angrily D. hardly
24. A. spotted B. prevented C. protected D. imagined
25. A. hated B. believed C. observed D. warned
26. A. experience B. violence C. companion D. behavior
27. A. friendship B. challenge C. campaign D. freedom
28. A. Approximately B. Generally C. Importantly D. Gradually
29. A. keep a record of B. have a look at C. make an example of D. take advantage of
30. A. aggressive B. kind C. stubborn D. lonely
31. A. reacted B. adapted C. returned D. ref erred
32. A. attack B. stop C. inform D. meet
33. A. even if B. as though C. so that D. in case
34. A. offensive B. limited C. common D. abundant
35. A. competition B. acquaintance C. cooperation D. acquisition
36. A. pride B. pity C. danger D. accomplishment
37. A. burst B. arose C. changed D. disappeared
38. A. shot B. hidden C. fooled D. raised
39. A. methods B. privileges C. partners D. habits
40. A. hand B. direction C. company D. opinion
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了一只混入人跡的狼漸漸地受到當(dāng)?shù)厝说南矏?ài)。雖然后來(lái)這只狼被人獵殺，但是當(dāng)?shù)厝税l(fā)起紀(jì)念它的活動(dòng)，由此展現(xiàn)了人與動(dòng)物和諧共處的美好畫(huà)面。
【21題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，一只年輕的狼出現(xiàn)了，并開(kāi)始向他們的方向跑去。A. woman女人；B. boy男孩；C. wolf狼；D. dog狗。根據(jù)下文the wolf playing with the dogs in the neighborhood.可知，這對(duì)夫妻在遛狗時(shí)突然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只狼(wolf)。故選C。
【22題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：驚訝和恐懼，這對(duì)夫婦立即松開(kāi)Dakotah保護(hù)他們。A. curious好奇的；B. terrified可怕的；C. disappointed失望的；D. content滿意的。根據(jù)下文“這對(duì)夫婦立即松開(kāi)了他的狗Dakotah來(lái)保護(hù)他們”可知，Jans夫婦感到驚訝和害怕( terrified)。故選B。
【23題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，這兩只動(dòng)物在相距幾碼遠(yuǎn)的地方停了下來(lái)，試探地面面相覷，仿佛彼此都在看著一張幾乎被人遺忘的面孔，并在努力回憶著什么。A. anxiously焦急地；B. tentatively暫時(shí)地；試探性地；C. angrily生氣地；D. hardly幾乎不。根據(jù)下文關(guān)鍵詞“as if"和上下文語(yǔ)境可知，兩只動(dòng)物試探性地( tentatively)盯著對(duì)方，好像彼此在看著一張幾乎被遺忘的臉，并且在努力回憶著什么。故選B。
【24題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來(lái)的一個(gè)星期里，簡(jiǎn)夫婦總是看到那只狼和附近的狗在玩耍。A. spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)；B. prevented阻止；C. protected保護(hù)；D. imagined想象。根據(jù)下文the wolf playing with the dogs in the neighborhood.可知在隨后的幾周，Jans夫婦總是發(fā)現(xiàn)(spotted)這只狼和附近的狗一起玩耍。故選A。
【25題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們注意到，當(dāng)狼看到狗的時(shí)候，他會(huì)像個(gè)傻瓜一樣搖來(lái)?yè)u去——搖擺、踱步，甚至擺出一些狗的姿勢(shì)。A. hated討厭；B. believed相信；C. observed觀察；D. warned警告。根據(jù)下文when the wolf saw a dog, he would make a fool of himself- wagging, pacing, and even striking some dog poses.可知這些是Jans夫婦觀察到(observed)的情況，如當(dāng)狼看到狗的時(shí)候，他會(huì)像個(gè)傻瓜一樣搖來(lái)?yè)u去，踱來(lái)踱去，甚至擺出一些狗的姿勢(shì)。故選C。
【26題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于這只狼的行為，雪莉給它起名叫羅密歐。A. experience經(jīng)歷；B. violence暴力；C. companion同伴；D. behavior行為。結(jié)合上文he would make a fool of himself- wagging, pacing, and even striking some dog poses.可知是一些狼的行為，因此給它起名羅密歐。故選D。
【27題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這種友誼很快從狗擴(kuò)展到當(dāng)?shù)厝?。A. friendship友誼；B. challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C. campaign競(jìng)選；D. freedom自由。根據(jù)上文可知，狼與狗之間產(chǎn)生了友誼(friendship)，且這種友誼也延伸到了狼與人之間。故選A。
【28題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：漸漸地，成群的當(dāng)?shù)厝碎_(kāi)始來(lái)看這只狼，有些人非常喜歡他，以至于他們似乎忘記了狼具有攻擊性。A. Approximately大約；B. Generally通常；C. Importantly重要地；D. Gradually逐漸地。根據(jù)上文狼和當(dāng)?shù)厝艘伯a(chǎn)生了友誼可知，逐漸有成群的當(dāng)?shù)厝藖?lái)看Romeo。故選D。
【29題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：漸漸地，成群的當(dāng)?shù)厝碎_(kāi)始來(lái)看這只狼，有些人非常喜歡他，以至于他們似乎忘記了狼具有攻擊性。A. keep a record of記錄；B. have a look at看一看；C. make an example of懲罰；D. take advantage of利用。根據(jù)上文crowds of locals started coming to可知成群的當(dāng)?shù)厝藖?lái)看這只狼。故選B。
【30題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：漸漸地，成群的當(dāng)?shù)厝碎_(kāi)始來(lái)看這只狼，有些人非常喜歡他，以至于他們似乎忘記了狼具有攻擊性。A. aggressive攻擊性地；B. kind善良的；C. stubborn固執(zhí)的；D. lonely寂寞地。根據(jù)上文固定句式so…that…“如此……以致于……”可知有些人非常喜歡它以致于，大家都幾乎忘記了狼具有攻擊性 ( aggressive)。故選A。
【31題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來(lái)的五年里，羅密歐在秋天和冬天回到了這個(gè)地區(qū)。A. reacted反應(yīng)；B. adapted適應(yīng)；C. returned返回；D. referred參考。根據(jù)下文He would be in the same place every morning to可知，Romeo在秋天和冬天回到(returned)這個(gè)地區(qū)，在同一個(gè)地方與去上班或遛狗的人見(jiàn)面，故選C。
【32題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Jans寫(xiě)道:“他每天早上都會(huì)在同一個(gè)地方與去上班或遛狗的人見(jiàn)面，就好像他給自己配了一個(gè)時(shí)鐘。”A. attack攻擊；B. stop停止；C. inform通知；D. meet遇見(jiàn)。根據(jù)下文people going to work or walking their dogs可知是與去上班或遛狗的遇見(jiàn)，見(jiàn)面。故選D。
【33題詳解】
考查短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：Jans寫(xiě)道:“他每天早上都會(huì)在同一個(gè)地方與去上班或遛狗的人見(jiàn)面，就好像他給自己配了一個(gè)時(shí)鐘?！盇. even if即使；B. as though好像；C. so that所以；D. in case萬(wàn)一。根據(jù)下文he'd set with a time clock"可知是在比喻，好像給自己“配了一個(gè)時(shí)鐘”，故選B。
【34題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：作為這個(gè)地區(qū)唯一的狼，羅密歐有豐富的食物可以吃，可以住很大的空地，很少有來(lái)自其他動(dòng)物的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。A. offensive攻擊性的；B. limited有限的；C. common共同的；D. abundant豐富的。根據(jù)上文As the only wolf in the area可知，作為該地區(qū)唯一的狼，Romeo有豐富的(abundant)動(dòng)物可以吃。故選D。
【35題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為這個(gè)地區(qū)唯一的狼，羅密歐有大量的動(dòng)物可以吃，有很大的空地可以住，很少有來(lái)自其他動(dòng)物的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。A. competition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；B. acquaintance熟人；C. cooperation合作；D. acquisition獲得。根據(jù)上文As the only wolf in the area可知，作為該地區(qū)唯一的狼，羅密歐很少有來(lái)自其他動(dòng)物的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。故選A。
【36題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，一些反對(duì)者認(rèn)為羅密歐是個(gè)危險(xiǎn)，有傳言說(shuō)要把他趕出這個(gè)地區(qū)。A. pride驕傲；B. pity遺憾；C. danger危險(xiǎn)；D. accomplishment成就。根據(jù)下文there was a talk about driving him out of the area.可知，反對(duì)者認(rèn)為Romeo是個(gè)危險(xiǎn)(danger)，要把它趕走。故選C。
【37題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：羅密歐在2009年9月再次出現(xiàn)，但當(dāng)月晚些時(shí)候，他又消失了。A. burst爆發(fā)；B. arose出現(xiàn)；C. changed改變；D. disappeared消失。根據(jù)上文中的關(guān)鍵詞“came again”和but后的轉(zhuǎn)折可知，Romeo再次消失 ( disappeared)。故選D。
【38題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過(guò)一番搜尋，一名支持者發(fā)現(xiàn)他是被帕克和杰夫開(kāi)槍打死的。A. shot射擊；B. hidden隱藏；C. fooled愚弄；D. raised上升。根據(jù)下文“兩個(gè)男人被捕”可知，Romeo已經(jīng)被Park和Jeff獵殺(shot)。故選A。
【39題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)胤桑麄冏罱K支付了罰款，失去了打獵的特權(quán)。A. methods方式；B. privileges特權(quán)；C. partners伙伴；D. habits習(xí)慣。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知，Park和Jeff由于獵殺了Romeo，失去了打獵的特權(quán) (privileges)。故選B。
【40題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“沒(méi)有什么能帶走我們?cè)谒惆橄露冗^(guò)的時(shí)光，” Jans寫(xiě)道。“我們將永遠(yuǎn)記住他給我們帶來(lái)的幸福?！盇. hand手；B. direction方向；C. company陪伴；D. opinion觀點(diǎn)。Jans寫(xiě)到“沒(méi)有什么能奪去我們?cè)谒惆橄?company)度過(guò)的歲月”。in one's company意為“在某人的陪伴下”。故選C。
B
Courage involves the balance between fear and bravery. Without fear, we’ll do foolish things. And without courage, we’ll never step into the ___41___. The balance of the two is where the magic lies, and it’s a balance we all ___42___ every day.
It was frightening news when I was first diagnosed because I had no ___43___with chronic(慢性的)illness or disabilities. And I had no idea how the disease might ___44___. But I continued to ___45___ my dream of working all over the world. And then my work brought me to the United States. And even as the disease progressed ___46___and I needed leg braces(支架)and a walker to ___47___, I still longed for adventure. And this time, I started dreaming of a ___48___outdoor adventure.
Sitting eight feet above the ground, riding a horse, I got the impression of the Grand Canyon—one of ___49___ and terror. But there was no ____50____. In the first hour, disaster struck. Going down an oversized step, I was ____51____ forward and hit my face on the back of the horse’s head. There was ____52____. My head hurt fiercely, but the path was too narrow for me to ____53____the horse.
Now that the trip is over, I know that I would never do horseback-riding again. The ____54____, all that planning and the trip itself showed me a level of ____55____I had never experienced before. But more importantly, it showed me how boldly ____56____ I can be.
In facing my fears and finding the courage to ____57____ them, I swear my life has been ____58____. So live big and try to let your courage ____59____your fear. You never know where it might ____60____ you.
41. A. unimportant B. unfair C. unknown D. undesirable
42. A. sort out B. deal with C. spy on D. cut down
43. A. experience B. direction C. relationship D. mood
44. A. emerge B. adapt C. progress D. extend
45. A. present B. purchase C. interpret D. pursue
46. A. flexibly B. mildly C. evenly D. significantly
47. A. get around B. go over C. come along D. hold on
48. A. random B. grand C. romantic D. historical
49. A. regret B. disgust C. shock D. embarrassment
50. A. settling down B. turning down C. trying out D. giving up
51. A. knocked B. thrown C. stuck D. hurried
52. A. panic B. stress C. relaxation D. silence
53. A. fall off B. get off C. take off D. cut off
54. A. spectacle B. horizon C. magnificence D. expedition
55. A. delight B. calmness C. persistence D. fear
56. A. peaceful B. attracted C. courageous D. smart
57. A. push through B. get away with C. put out D. hold back
58. A. grave B. busy C. extraordinary D. happy
59. A. outline B. overweigh C. overlook D. outnumber
60. A. take B. bring C. keep D. guard
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. D 46. D 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. B 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. D 56. C 57. A 58. C 59. B 60. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者由于生病而不良于行，但是卻仍然去追求冒險(xiǎn)的夢(mèng)想，這讓作者意識(shí)到勇氣的重要性。
【41題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：沒(méi)有勇氣，我們永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法踏入未知。A. unimportant不重要的；B. unfair不公平的；C. unknown未知的；D. undesirable不合意的；有害的。由上文的“without courage, we’ll never step into the ___1___”和下文講到作者探險(xiǎn)的經(jīng)歷可知，此處指沒(méi)有勇氣，我們將無(wú)法踏入未知的世界。故選C。
【42題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：兩者的平衡是魔力的所在，也是我們每天都在處理的平衡。A. sort out整理；B. deal with處理；解決；C. spy on監(jiān)視；D. cut down砍到；削減。由上文的“The balance of the two”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，我們需要處理恐懼和勇氣之間的平衡。故選B。
【43題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我第一次被診斷出疾病時(shí)，這是一個(gè)可怕的消息，因此我從未得過(guò)慢性疾病或殘疾。A. experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)，經(jīng)歷；B. direction方向，管理；C. relationship關(guān)系；D. mood情緒。由上文的“I was first diagnosed”可知，作者之前沒(méi)有得慢性疾病或殘疾的“經(jīng)歷”，故選A。
【44題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我也不知道病情會(huì)如何發(fā)展。A. emerge出現(xiàn)；B. adapt適應(yīng)，改編；C. progress進(jìn)展，發(fā)展；D. extend延伸。由下文的“even as the disease progressed”及語(yǔ)境可知，作者得了病，并且不知道病情會(huì)如何“發(fā)展”，故選C。
【45題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但我繼續(xù)追求我到世界各地工作的夢(mèng)想。A. present呈現(xiàn)；B. purchase購(gòu)買；C. interpret解釋；D. pursue追求。由后文的“my dream of working all over the world”可知，作者是追求夢(mèng)想，故選D。
【46題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：即使疾病嚴(yán)重惡化，我需要腿部支架和助步器才能行走，我仍然渴望冒險(xiǎn)。A. flexibly靈活地；B. mildly溫和地；C. evenly均勻地，平等地；D. significantly顯著地。由后文的“I needed leg braces(支架) and a walker”可知，作者后來(lái)需要腿部支架和助步器，說(shuō)明顯著惡化，也就是疾病嚴(yán)重惡化，故選D。
【47題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：即使疾病嚴(yán)重惡化，我需要腿部支架和助步器才能行走，我仍然渴望冒險(xiǎn)。A. get around到處走走；B. go over復(fù)習(xí)；C. come along跟隨，發(fā)生；D. hold on等一下。由上文的“I needed leg braces (支架)and a walker”可知，作者是需要腿部支架和助步器來(lái)到處走，故選A。
【48題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這一次，我開(kāi)始?jí)粝胍淮问⒋蟮膽敉饷半U(xiǎn)。A. random隨意的；B. grand盛大的，大的；C. romantic浪漫的；D. historical歷史的。由后文的“outdoor adventure”及下一段的描述可知，作者是開(kāi)始?jí)粝胍淮问⒋蟮膽敉饷半U(xiǎn)。故選B。
【49題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：坐在離地面八英尺高的地方，騎著馬，我得到了大峽谷的印象——一種震撼和恐怖。A. regret后悔；B. disgust厭惡；C. shock震驚；D. embarrassment尷尬。由上文的“Grand Canyon”可知，作者對(duì)大峽谷應(yīng)該是感到震驚，故選C。
【50題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：但我沒(méi)有放棄。A. settling down定居；B. turning down拒絕；C. trying out嘗試；D. giving up放棄。由上文的“terror”和“But”表轉(zhuǎn)折可知，作者沒(méi)有放棄，故選D。
【51題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在第一個(gè)小時(shí)，災(zāi)難發(fā)生了。走下一大步時(shí)，我被向前一甩，臉撞在了馬后腦勺上。A. knocked敲；B. thrown扔，甩；C. stuck粘；D. hurried匆忙進(jìn)行。由下文的“hit my face on the back of the horse’s head”可知，作者是被向前一甩，臉撞在了馬后腦勺上，故選B。
【52題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我感到恐慌。A. panic恐慌；B. stress壓力；C. relaxation放松；D. silence安靜。由上文的“I was__11__forward and hit my face on the back of the horse's head.”可知，作者被向前一甩，臉撞在了馬后腦勺上后，自然會(huì)感到恐慌，故選A。
【53題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我的頭劇烈地痛著，但路太窄了，我下不了馬。A. fall off跌落，掉落；B. get off下車/馬；C. take off起飛；D. cut off切斷。由上文的“riding a horse”，“the path was too narrow”和空后的“the horse”可知，路太窄了，作者下不了馬，故選B。
【54題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這次探險(xiǎn)，所有的計(jì)劃和旅行本身都讓我感受到一種前所未有的恐懼。A. spectacle壯觀；B. horizon地平線；C. magnificence壯麗，宏偉；D. expedition旅行，探險(xiǎn)。由后文的“all that planning and the trip itself”可知，此處是說(shuō)這次探險(xiǎn)，故選D。
【55題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這次探險(xiǎn)，所有的計(jì)劃和旅行本身都讓我感受到一種前所未有的恐懼。A delight高興；B. calmness平靜；C. persistence堅(jiān)持不懈；D. fear害怕，恐懼。由下文的“In facing my fears”可知，作者在旅行中感受到了恐懼，故選D。
【56題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但更重要的是，它讓我知道我可以有多勇敢。A. peaceful平靜的；B. attracted被吸引的；C. courageous勇敢的；D. smart聰明的。由下文的“In facing my fears and finding the courage”可知，作者是勇敢的，故選C。
【57題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在面對(duì)恐懼并找到克服它們的勇氣時(shí)，我發(fā)誓我的生活是不平凡的。A. push through挺過(guò)；B. get away with僥幸逃脫；C. put out撲滅；D. hold back抑制。由上文的“In facing my fears and finding the courage to”可知，作者是找到勇氣法克服恐懼，空格處是“挺過(guò)”，故選A。
【58題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在面對(duì)恐懼并找到克服它們的勇氣時(shí)，我發(fā)誓我的生活是不平凡的。A. grave嚴(yán)肅的；B. busy忙的；C. extraordinary非凡的；D. happy高興的。由上文的“facing my fears and finding the courage to___17____them，I swear my life has been___18____”."可知，作者找到了克服恐懼的勇氣，所以生活是不平凡的，故選C。
【59題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：所以要活得寬廣，讓你的勇氣超越你的恐懼。A. outline概述；B. overweigh勝過(guò)；C. overlook忽視；D. outnumber數(shù)目超過(guò)。由上文的“my fears and finding the courage to____17____them”可知，此處表示讓你的勇氣超越你的恐懼，空格處是“勝過(guò)”，故選B。
【60題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你永遠(yuǎn)不知道它會(huì)把你帶到哪里。A. take帶去；B. bring帶來(lái)；C. keep保持；D. guard保衛(wèi)。由上文的“So live big and try to let your courage___18____your fear. You never know where it might...”可知，句子表示“你永遠(yuǎn)不知道它會(huì)把你帶到哪里”，空格處是“帶去”，故選A。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Chinese Teachers’ Day is the very festival ___61___ celebrates the 2,300-year tradition of respecting teachers and education in China. It bears much ___62___（similar） to the birthday of Confucius or the birthday of private school tutor in ancient China.
The history of Chinese Teachers’ Day ___63___（date） back to the Han Dynasty. According to the record, during the Han and Jin dynasties, on August 27 each year, the birthday of Confucius, followed by court officials, the emperor would go to Confucius’ temple and pay tribute to the ancient philosopher, and would also invite royal teachers ___64___ the imperial court for a banquet. Local ___65___（chief） followed the court, and on this day, teachers around the nation enjoyed a day’s vacation and were given dried meat as gifts.
With local officials or the emperor ___66___（lead） a series of activities, the capital, all states and counties would also stage sacrificial ceremonies ___67___（admire） Confucius. Excellent-performing teachers would ___68___（choose） from academies and learning institutions nationwide, reporting to the royal court and given 500 liang（兩） silver coins as awards.
Until the Qing Dynasty, the sacrificial ceremony, on August 27, was of ___69___ larger scale. The teachers’ salaries in schools and academies around the nation were raised, and well-performing teachers would be awarded official titles or promoted to ___70___（high） positions.
【答案】61. that
62. similarity
63. dates 64. to
65. chiefs 66. leading
67. to admire
68. be chosen
69. a 70. higher
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述教師節(jié)的歷史。
【61題詳解】
考查關(guān)系詞。句意：中國(guó)教師節(jié)是慶祝中國(guó)2300年來(lái)尊師重教傳統(tǒng)的節(jié)日。分析句子可知，“ celebrates the 2,300-year tradition of respecting teachers and education in China”是從句部分，修飾festival，從句部分缺主語(yǔ)，且有the very修飾，只能填that。故填that。
【62題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：它與中國(guó)古代孔子的生日或私立學(xué)校導(dǎo)師的生日有很多相似之處。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)填similar的名詞形式similarity作bears的賓語(yǔ)。故填similarity。
【63題詳解】
考查主謂一致。句意：中國(guó)教師節(jié)的歷史可以追溯到漢代。此處是在介紹教師節(jié)的歷史，屬于客觀事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。分析句子可知，主語(yǔ)是history，謂語(yǔ)用dates。故填dates。
【64題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：據(jù)記載，漢晉時(shí)期，每年8月27日孔子誕辰，朝廷官員都會(huì)前往孔廟向這位古代哲學(xué)家致敬，并會(huì)邀請(qǐng)皇室老師到朝廷設(shè)宴。invite sb.to do sth.是固定用法，意為“邀請(qǐng)某人做某事”。故填to。
【65題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：在這一天，地方官員仿效宮廷，全國(guó)各地的教師享受了一天的假期，并收到了肉干作為禮物。根據(jù)句意“當(dāng)?shù)氐念I(lǐng)導(dǎo)”不止一個(gè)可知，此處應(yīng)用chief的復(fù)數(shù)形式chiefs。故填chiefs。
【66題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)。句意：在地方官員或皇帝領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一系列活動(dòng)中，首都、所有州和縣都會(huì)舉行祭拜孔子的儀式。分析句子可知，此處使用“with+名詞+非謂語(yǔ)”這一復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)， local officials or the emperor和lead是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填leading。
67題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)。句意：在地方官員或皇帝領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一系列活動(dòng)中，首都、所有州和縣都會(huì)舉行祭拜孔子的儀式。分詞句子可知，此處應(yīng)用不定式表目的。故填to admire。
【68題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：優(yōu)秀的教師將從全國(guó)各院校和學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)構(gòu)中選拔，向朝廷報(bào)告，并給予500兩銀幣作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。根據(jù)句意“優(yōu)秀的教師將從全國(guó)各院校和學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)構(gòu)中選拔”可知，主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，此處需用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，設(shè)空前有would，所以填be chosen。故填be chosen。
【69題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：直到清朝，8月27日的祭祀儀式規(guī)模更大。a larger scale意為“更大的規(guī)模”。故填a。
【70題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：提高了全國(guó)學(xué)校和院校教師的工資，表現(xiàn)優(yōu)秀的教師被授予榮譽(yù)或晉升到更高的職位。根據(jù)句意可知，晉升是到達(dá)更高的崗位，所以用形容詞的比較級(jí)。故填higher。
第三部分 寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿分 35 分)
第一節(jié) 短文改錯(cuò)(共 10 小題;每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分)
71. 假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞作斜線（\）劃掉。
修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。
注意：1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
1. 只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。
During a show at my Junior high school, many other student chose to play a musical instrument or tell a joke, but I decided sing my favorite song. I had practiced the song many times and could sing it perfectly. However, this day doesn’t go as I had planned. When my name was called, I walked on the stage. Suddenly, 300 people were watching us. I was very nervous that my hands were shaking. Then the music came on. I couldn’t remember of the first part of the song and didn’t sing it at all. To my surprising, instead of laugh at me, people tried to cheer me on. I became relaxing and sang the rest perfectly. It was really a unforgettable experience.
【答案】1. student→students
2 sing前加to
3. doesn't→didn't
4. us → me
5. very →so
6. 去掉of
7. surprising→surprise
8. laugh→laughing
9. relaxing→relaxed
10. a→an
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作者初中時(shí)一次難忘的演出。
【詳解】第一處：考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：在我初中的一次演出中，許多同學(xué)選擇演奏樂(lè)器或講笑話，但我決定唱我最喜歡的歌曲。student為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)前面的many other修飾可知用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故將student改為students。
第二處：考查短語(yǔ)。句意：在我初中的一次演出中，許多同學(xué)選擇演奏樂(lè)器或講笑話，但我決定唱我最喜歡的歌曲。decide to do sth.決定做某事。故在sing前加to。
第三處：考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：然而，這一天并沒(méi)有像我計(jì)劃的那樣進(jìn)行。根據(jù)全文時(shí)態(tài)可知，陳述過(guò)去事情，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。故將doesn't改為didn't。
第四處：考查代詞。句意：當(dāng)叫到我的名字時(shí)，我走上了舞臺(tái)。突然，300個(gè)人都在看著我。根據(jù)前后邏輯和句意可知，這里指下面的觀眾看著“我”。故將us 改為 me。
第五處：考查固定句式。句意：我緊張得雙手發(fā)抖。so … that …如此……以至于……。故將very改為so。
第六處：考查動(dòng)詞。句意：我不記得這首歌的第一部分，所以根本就沒(méi)唱。動(dòng)詞remember為及物動(dòng)詞，后面直接接賓語(yǔ)。故去掉of。
第七處：考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：使我吃驚的是，人們不但沒(méi)有嘲笑我，反而設(shè)法鼓勵(lì)我。to one’s + 抽象名詞形式。to one’s surprise令某人吃驚的是。故將surprising改為surprise。
第八處：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：使我吃驚的是，人們不但沒(méi)有嘲笑我，反而設(shè)法鼓勵(lì)我。instead of而不是，介詞of接動(dòng)名詞形式。故將laugh改為laughing。
第九處：考查形容詞。句意：我放松下來(lái)，把剩下的部分唱得很完美。主語(yǔ)是人，此處表示人的感受，需用-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞。故將relaxing改為relaxed。
第十處：考查冠詞。句意：那真是一次難忘的經(jīng)歷。形容詞unforgettable發(fā)音為元音音素開(kāi)頭，所以用不定冠詞an。故將a改為an。
第二節(jié) 書(shū)面表達(dá)(滿分 25 分)
72. 假定你是李華。志愿者們最近對(duì)你校學(xué)生的周末時(shí)間分配進(jìn)行了調(diào)查。請(qǐng)你結(jié)合下表內(nèi)容，給校報(bào)英語(yǔ)專欄編輯Mr. Johnson寫(xiě)封信，反映這次調(diào)查的結(jié)果。內(nèi)容要求：
1.描述圖表內(nèi)容；
2.分析所反映的問(wèn)題；
3.提出你的看法。

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；
2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
3.信的開(kāi)頭和落款已為你寫(xiě)出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)
Dear Mr. Johnson.
Recently volunteers have conducted a survey about how the students spend their weekends.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Possible version
Dear Mr. Johnson
Recently volunteers have conducted a survey about how the students spend their weekends.
As can be seen from the pie, among the surveyed students, about 51% of their time is spent on homework while online activities account for nearly 35%. Meanwhile, doing physical exercise takes up about 7% of their time, sharing the same percentage with reading books.
The survey certainly leaves me deep in thought. Too much homework leaves the students no time for physical exercise or reading, affecting their health and further development. Even worse, many of the surveyed waste much time online, some even addicted to computer games.
So more attention should be given to this case. Students should have more freedom to something more meaningful, rather than just doing boring repetitive exercises. Otherwise, it may have a negative effect on our future.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇圖表作文。要求考生結(jié)合圖表對(duì)學(xué)生的周末時(shí)間分配進(jìn)行描述，分析圖表反映的問(wèn)題，提出自己的看法。
【詳解】1. 詞語(yǔ)積累
實(shí)施：conduct→carry out
對(duì)……有影響：have an effect on →have an impact on
有意義的：meaningful→significant
而不是：rather than→instead of
2. 句式拓展
簡(jiǎn)單句改為復(fù)合句
原句：So more attention should be given to this case.
拓展句：So it is high time that more attention should be given to this case.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】As can be seen from the pie, among the surveyed students, about 51% of their time is spent on homework while online activities account for nearly 35%. (as引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句)
【高分句型2】Too much homework leaves the students no time for physical exercise or reading, affecting their health and further development. (現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ))



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