【高考真題解密】高考英語真題題源——專題03《閱讀理解（關(guān)愛老人）》母題解密（新高考卷）-試卷下載-教習網(wǎng)

專題02 閱讀理解（關(guān)愛老人） 2023年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（新高考Ⅰ卷）The elderly residents（居民）in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely. The project was dreamed up by a local charity（慈善組織）to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people's wellbeing, It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use. Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school. "I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they've gone to bed. "It's good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I'm enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful."There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide. Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: "Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here."Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: "We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities."28. What is the purpose of the project? A. To ensure harmony in care homes. B. To provide part-time jobs for the aged. C. To raise money for medical research. D. To promote the elderly people's welfare. 29. How has the project affected Ruth Xavier? A. She has learned new life skills. B. She has gained a sense of achievement. C. She has recovered her memory. D. She has developed a strong personality. 30. What do the underlined words "embark on" mean in paragraph 7? A. Improve. B. Oppose. C. Begin. D. Evaluate. 31. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs? A. It is well received. B. It needs to be more creative. C. It is highly profitable. D. It takes ages to see the results. 一、題源刪減HenPower launches in LondonOur flagship project HenPower has arrived in London!The award-winning project links older people with hens to combat social isolation and is in more than 20 care settings in the North East.Its now spread its wings and headed to the capital.The scheme is supported by Mayor of London Boris Johnson, who said: “HenPower is an innovative way to help tackle loneliness and enhance the lives of older Londoners.“The capital’s older population is growing and it’s great that Londoners will now have the opportunity to take part in this valuable scheme.”[Paragraph 1]The elderly residents（居民）in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely. [Paragraph 2]Set up in 2013, The project was dreamed up by a local charity HenPower is found to help reduce loneliness depression and improve elderly people’s wellbeing. It is also seeing benefits in being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. care settings with staff Staff in care homes have reported reporting a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use anti-psychotic medication.Joining with Equal Arts, Notting Hill Housing will run the unique project with residents at two of its care settings, Elmgrove House and 60 Penfold Street.[Paragraph 8]Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are delighted to be taking part in the project HenPower and proud to be the first extra care schemes in London working with Equal Arts on the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”[Paragraph 6]There are now Currently supporting more than 700 elderly people residents in over 20 North East care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide. the arrival of HenPower in London is the start of the charity taking its novel initiative country-wide.Douglas Hunter, Equal Arts director, said: “To see HenPower taking off in Notting Hill Housing venues is testament to the difference this simple idea can have on people’s wellbeing, no matter where they are in the country.“It gives people a role and responsibility and residents can be involved as much as they wish. HenPower moves away from passive care you so often see in care settings and harnesses people’s imagination and interests to empower themselves.”settings, Elmgrove House and 60 Penfold Street.[Paragraph 3]Among those taking part in the London project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.[Paragraph 4] “I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and there last thing at night to see they’ve gone to bed.[Paragraph 5] “It’s good to have a different focus, people have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful it is something different to do.”[Paragraph 7]Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, said: “Residents have really embraced the idea of the project HenPower and the creative sessions. “It gives us the opportunity for stimulating activities to engage people using our dementia unit, day service users and tenants. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here those involved.”Known as hensioners, older people taking part in HenPower can become active volunteers.Sharing their new found knowledge and henthusiasm they take Hen Road Shows out to schools, community events and other care settings.Earlier this year original hensioner Alan Richards, a retired taxi driver from Gateshead, was awarded the Prime Minister’s Point of Light award for his work with the scheme.Talking about the award David Cameron said: “Alan and his fellow ‘hensioners’ have developed a unique way to support care home residents. The quirky HenPower project has a serious impact, reducing the depression and loneliness that residents can sometimes feel.” 二、母題分析The elderly residents（居民）in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely. 主要內(nèi)容及關(guān)鍵詞為了防止老人孤獨，療養(yǎng)院讓老人們照顧小雞：stop them feeling lonely分析首段，主旨句，命題專家特意給出的句子以助學生快速把握原文。The project was dreamed up by a local charity（慈善組織）to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people's wellbeing, It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use. 主要內(nèi)容及關(guān)鍵詞養(yǎng)雞計劃的來源及目的：The project；reduce loneliness；improve elderly people's wellbeing；help patients suffering dementia；reduction in the use of medicine分析這個項目的好處主要有兩點：①減少孤獨提高幸福感；②幫助抑制疾病。 Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school. "I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they've gone to bed. "It's good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I'm enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful."主要內(nèi)容及關(guān)鍵詞參與項目的老年人親身感受：Ruth Xavier；I like the project a lot；It's good to have a different focus；I'm enjoying the creative activities分析參與項目的老年人非常喜愛這個項目，幫助他們擺脫孤獨感。 There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide. Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: "Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here."Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: "We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities."主要內(nèi)容及關(guān)鍵詞這個項目的現(xiàn)狀和未來發(fā)展：700 elderly people；been given financial support；the benefits and fun；connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.分析有700名老人在照看小雞；項目獲得了資金支持；好處和樂趣；通過共同的興趣和創(chuàng)造性活動聯(lián)系我們的居民。三、命題規(guī)律The elderly residents（居民）in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely. The project was dreamed up by a local charity（慈善組織）to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people's wellbeing, It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use. 28. What is the purpose of the project? A. To ensure harmony in care homes. B. To provide part-time jobs for the aged. C. To raise money for medical research. D. To promote the elderly people's welfare. 命題規(guī)律及備考建議命題規(guī)律1. 考察段落細節(jié)。前面兩段主要講述這個項目的目的和意義，所以考點處在此處。2. 正確選項D設(shè)置：段落關(guān)鍵詞的重組和同義轉(zhuǎn)換。stop them feeling lonely；reduce loneliness and improve elderly people's wellbeing→the elderly people's welfare3. 錯誤選項設(shè)置①原文重點語句的誤解。原文用“The elderly residents in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely（減輕療養(yǎng)院的老人的孤獨感）”，選項用“ensure harmony in care homes（療養(yǎng)院的和諧）”，二者語義相差甚遠。②原文語句的錯誤解讀。原文用“hens to look after（照顧小雞）”，選項用“part-time jobs for the aged”，選項把照顧小雞曲解為兼職，違背了原文的語義。③原文信息的錯誤挖掘。原文用“help patients suffering dementia”以及“reduction in the use of medicine”，選項用“raise money for medical research”。原文說項目可以幫助患有癡呆癥的患者，患者通過項目用藥都減少了，選項曲解其意。備考建議答題時抓住段落或文章的中心句，圍繞中心句和關(guān)鍵詞來鎖定答案。如本題，只要鎖定題干關(guān)鍵詞“purpose”，在定位到原文的表示目的的“to do”就可以得出答案，學生在看原文時一定要準確把握上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。 Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school. "I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they've gone to bed. "It's good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I'm enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful."29. How has the project affected Ruth Xavier? A. She has learned new life skills. B. She has gained a sense of achievement. C. She has recovered her memory. D. She has developed a strong personality. 命題規(guī)律及備考建議命題規(guī)律1. 考察文章細節(jié)。項目是如何影響Ruth Xavier：I like the project a lot；It's good to have a different focus；I'm enjoying the creative activities2. 正確選項B設(shè)置：段落關(guān)鍵詞的重組和同義轉(zhuǎn)換。I like the project a lot；It's good to have a different focus；I'm enjoying the creative activities→gained a sense of achievement3. 錯誤選項設(shè)置①原文重點詞匯的誤解。原文用“I used to keep hens when I was younger”，說明Ruth Xavier自小就會養(yǎng)雞，選項用“learned new life skills（新技能）”，這是對原文的曲解。②推測原文的邏輯有誤。原文用“wastes the water, fuel, and other resources（浪費水、燃料以及其他的資源）”，選項用“recovered her memory（恢復記憶）”，原文并未提及Ruth Xavier的記憶力相關(guān)的東西。③原文信息的錯誤挖掘。原文用“It's good to have a different focus”，選項用“developed a strong personality”。原文說的是Ruth Xavier在這個項目中收獲很多，和個性無關(guān)，選項就變成了養(yǎng)成了堅強的個性。備考建議答題抓住題干關(guān)鍵詞和原文主旨句，如本題題干是“the project affected Ruth Xavier”，首先要通過原文的主旨句，第一段來看，這個項目的目的是幫助老人克服孤獨感，提升幸福感，只要答案選項圍繞這個來說即可，如B想獲得了成就感，其實就是讓老人不再孤單。 There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide. Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: "Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here."30. What do the underlined words "embark on" mean in paragraph 7? A. Improve. B. Oppose. C. Begin. D. Evaluate. 命題規(guī)律及備考建議命題規(guī)律1. 考察短語語義。避免食物浪費大家都采取的對應措施：Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.2. 正確選項C設(shè)置：段落關(guān)鍵詞的重組和同義轉(zhuǎn)換。welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions; the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here→begin3. 錯誤選項設(shè)置①原文信息的錯誤推斷。原文用“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions”，選項用“improve”，這個項目一開始就是受歡迎的，所以用“提升”一詞和上下文不搭。②原文信息的錯誤推斷。原文用“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions”，選項用“oppose（反對）”，錯誤選項主要考察學生的詞匯量，認識這個單詞基本上可以排除這個選項。③原文信息的錯誤推斷。原文用“We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here”，選項用“evaluate（評估）”，此處答案選項和Wendy Wilson的說話內(nèi)容不搭。備考建議答題時注意詞義猜測題的上下兩句話的提示，如這里劃線部分的主語是Wendy Wilson，那么前后都是他說的話，我們判斷這個短語的意思時要根據(jù)人物的說話內(nèi)容來判斷，根據(jù)說話內(nèi)容可以得知這個劃線處大致是“參與、發(fā)起、開始”等類似的語義。 Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: "Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here."Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: "We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities."31. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs? A. It is well received. B. It needs to be more creative. C. It is highly profitable. D. It takes ages to see the results. 命題規(guī)律及備考建議命題規(guī)律1. 考察段落大意。大家對這個項目的未來期待：Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions； the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.； help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.2. 正確選項A設(shè)置：段落關(guān)鍵詞的重組和同義轉(zhuǎn)換。Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions→well received3. 錯誤選項設(shè)置①與原文觀點相矛盾。原文用“welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions”，選項用“needs to be more creative”，項目本身就是具有創(chuàng)造性，原文沒提及它的缺點，而B選項是缺點，故和原文相矛盾。②原文語句的錯誤解讀。原文用“the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here”，選項用“highly profitable”，選項對原文想表達項目給人們帶來了好處的一種曲解。③原文信息的錯誤挖掘。原文用“Residents really welcome the idea of the project”以及“We are looking forward to the benefits and fun”，選項用“takes ages to see the results”。原文中以及看到了結(jié)果（非常受歡迎），選項與原文相矛盾。備考建議答題時要緊緊抓住最后兩段的核心思想，把握關(guān)鍵詞。四、外刊賞析HenPower launches in LondonOur flagship project HenPower has arrived in London!The award-winning project links older people with hens to combat social isolation and is in more than 20 care settings in the North East.Its now spread its wings and headed to the capital.The scheme is supported by Mayor of London Boris Johnson, who said: “HenPower is an innovative way to help tackle loneliness and enhance the lives of older Londoners."The capital’s older population is growing and it’s great that Londoners will now have the opportunity to take part in this valuable scheme."Set up in 2013, HenPower is found to help reduce depression and improve people’s wellbeing.It is also seeing benefits in dementia care settings with staff reporting a reduction in the use of anti-psychotic medication.Joining with Equal Arts, Notting Hill Housing will run the unique project with residents at two of its care settings, Elmgrove House and 60 Penfold Street.Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are delighted to be taking part in HenPower and proud to be the first extra care schemes in London working with Equal Arts on the project.It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities."Currently supporting more than 700 residents in over 20 North East care homes the arrival of HenPower in London is the start of the charity taking its novel initiative country-wide.Douglas Hunter, Equal Arts director, said: “To see HenPower taking off in Notting Hill Housing venues is testament to the difference this simple idea can have on people’s wellbeing, no matter where they are in the country.“It gives people a role and responsibility and residents can be involved as much as they wish. HenPower moves away from passive care you so often see in care settings and harnesses people’s imagination and interests to empower themselves.”Among those taking part in the London project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.“I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and there last thing at night to see they’ve gone to bed.“It’s good to have a different focus, people have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities, it is something different to do.”Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, said: “Residents have really embraced the idea of HenPower and the creative sessions.“It gives us the opportunity for stimulating activities to engage people using our dementia unit, day service users and tenants.We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to those involved.”Known as hensioners, older people taking part in HenPower can become active volunteers.Sharing their new found knowledge and henthusiasm they take Hen Road Shows out to schools, community events and other care settings.Earlier this year original hensioner Alan Richards, a retired taxi driver from Gateshead, was awarded the Prime Minister’s Point of Light award for his work with the scheme.Talking about the award David Cameron said: “Alan and his fellow ‘hensioners’ have developed a unique way to support care home residents. The quirky HenPower project has a serious impact, reducing the depression and loneliness that residents can sometimes feel.”For more information about HenPower ring 0191 477 5775, visit www.equalarts.org.uk or email information@equalarts.org.uk

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