高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)小題必練   （2020·全國(guó)I卷）China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe(探測(cè)器) — the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess —   61  (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is   62  (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot   63   it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular   64  (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(環(huán)形山), more so   65   the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4   66  (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it   67  (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon   68  (construct).” Data about the moon’s composition, such as how   69   ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether   70  (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.【答案】61. touched  62. extremely  63. where    64. interest  65. than66. to find     67. means       68. is constructed  69. much      70. its【解析】本文為說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了中國(guó)成功地將無(wú)人駕駛的嫦娥四號(hào)探測(cè)器發(fā)射至月球。61.考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知此處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)last week可知此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填touched。62.考查形容詞。根據(jù)句子成分分析可知此處需要用副詞修飾形容詞challenging，故填extremely。63.考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子可知，從句“it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth”不缺主謂賓，缺狀語(yǔ)，而先行詞spot為地點(diǎn)，故填where。64.考查名詞。根據(jù)be of+名詞相當(dāng)于形容詞的結(jié)構(gòu)，可知此處應(yīng)用名詞，故填interest。65.考查介詞。根據(jù)句子中more可知此處應(yīng)該用比較級(jí)，故填than。66.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處應(yīng)用不定式表示目的，故填to find。67.考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子可知，此處為陳述一般事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)為it，故填means。68.考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)句子成分分析可知，此句同上一句的時(shí)態(tài)，且moon與construct為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填is constructed。69.考查固定搭配。how much：多少，故填much。70.考查代詞。分析句子可知，此處指它的計(jì)劃，名詞plans可知空格處應(yīng)用it的形容詞性物主代詞，故填its。 （2020·山東卷）Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries,  36  (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big   37  until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example,   38  (form) the core collection of the British Museum   39   opened in 1759.The parts of a museum open to the public   40  (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection   41  (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations(模擬) and imagine   42  (they) living at a different time in history or   43  (walk) through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city’s Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical   44  (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete   45   people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.【答案】36. wealthy  37. or   38. formed  39. which/that  40. are called41. is   42. themselves  43. walking  44. accuracy  45. for【解析】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文，說(shuō)明了博物館的部分藏品的來(lái)源以及其面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。36.考查形容詞。根據(jù)空格后的名詞與所給提示詞wealth，判斷此處需填形容詞，故填wealthy。37.考查連詞。根據(jù)空格前的until it got too big與空格后的until they died，判斷此處為選擇關(guān)系，故填or。38.考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)前文提到的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in the 18th and 19th centuries，判斷此處需用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填formed。39.考查連詞。根據(jù)空格前的先行詞the British Museum與空格后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞opened，判斷此處為定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故填which/that。40.考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)空格前的主語(yǔ)the parts與所給提示詞call，判斷此處為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，且此處表陳述事實(shí)，故填are called。 41.考查主謂一致。根據(jù)空格前的主語(yǔ)a small part與所給提示詞，判斷此處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，且主語(yǔ)a small part為單數(shù)形式，故填is。42.考查反身代詞。根據(jù)空格前的主語(yǔ)visitors、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞imagine與所給提示詞they，判斷此處為反身代詞，故填themselves。43.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)空格前的or，判斷此處為與前面的living at a different time in history為選擇關(guān)系，因此此處需用v-ing形式，故填walking。44.考查名詞。根據(jù)空格前的形容詞Historical與空格后的系動(dòng)詞is，判斷此處需用名詞形式，故填accuracy。45.考查固定搭配。根據(jù)空格前的動(dòng)詞compete與空格后的people’s spare time and money，判斷此處需用表“為……競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)compete for，故填for。    Passage 1Li Ziqi, who lives in a picturesque village of southwest China’s Sichuan Province,   1  (make) a name for herself by making various Chinese dishes on YouTube since 2016. In her videos, she   2  (graceful) works as a farmer, impressing viewers with her understanding of food, nature and Chinese culture while showcasing the charm of Chinese culture in every detail of daily life. Her traditional food preparation craft and Chinese rural lifestyle have attracted 11.1 million subscribers on YouTube.Just like Li Ziqi, Grandpa Amu is also trying to spread unique Chinese techniques to the world.   3   63-year old Chinese grandpa’s traditional carpentry skills are delighting tens of millions of viewers online as he creates woodwork without glue, screws(螺絲釘)or nails. His most popular video, which shows him making a fantastic arch bridge,   4  (go) viral on the platform last month, gaining more than 42 million views. Grandpa Amu follows an ancient Chinese mortise and tenon(榫卯) technique,   5   means no glue or nails are involved in the entire process of building the arch bridge. Grandpa Amu has also made several   6  (wood) toys for his grandson using the same technique. Among all the items, a walking Peppa Pig and a bubble blowing toy are his grandson’s   7  ( favorite).Grandpa Amu’s son and daughter-in-law now work full time on his videos,   8  (hope) that the popularity would help local villagers   9  (well) sell their farm produce. Although the master carpenter has drawn over 1.18 million subscribers so far on YouTube, Grandpa Amu insists that he is not an internet celebrity   10   just an ordinary farmer.【答案】has made  2. gracefully  3. The  4. went  5. which6. wooden  7. favorites  8. hoping  9. better  10. but【解析】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了兩位在YouTube上人氣很高的網(wǎng)紅李子柒和阿木爺爺。1.考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：李子柒住在中國(guó)西南部四川省一個(gè)風(fēng)景如畫(huà)的村莊里，自2016年起，她就因在YouTube上制作各種中國(guó)菜而出名。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)since 2016，since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用；句子主語(yǔ)Li Ziqi是單數(shù)形式，助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用has；make是不規(guī)則變化動(dòng)詞，過(guò)去分詞為made。故填has made。2.考查副詞。修飾句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞works，應(yīng)該用副詞形式。故填gracefully。3.考查冠詞。句意：這位63歲的中國(guó)老大爺?shù)膫鹘y(tǒng)木工手藝讓在線數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的觀眾驚嘆，因?yàn)樗谱鞯哪局破窙](méi)有膠水、螺絲和釘子。前一句中提到Grandpa Amu，此處用定冠詞the特指前一句中的Grandpa Amu，句子第一個(gè)單詞首字母大寫(xiě)。故填The。4.考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他最受歡迎的視頻是他制作一座精致的拱橋的視頻，上個(gè)月在該平臺(tái)上廣泛傳播，點(diǎn)擊量超過(guò)4200萬(wàn)次。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)last month指過(guò)去的時(shí)間，句子謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；go是不規(guī)則變化動(dòng)詞，過(guò)去式為went。故填went。5.考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞。句意：阿木爺爺沿用中國(guó)古代陰陽(yáng)榫卯技術(shù)，這意味著在建造拱橋的整個(gè)過(guò)程中沒(méi)用到膠水和釘子。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格所在句是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞an ancient Chinese mortise and tenon technique，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，指物，此處用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。故填which。6.考查形容詞。句意：阿木爺爺也用同樣的技術(shù)為他的孫子做了一些木制玩具。修飾名詞toys應(yīng)該用形容詞形式；wood是名詞，形容詞形式為wooden，意為“木質(zhì)的”。故填wooden。7.考查可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)。句意：在所有的物品中，一只會(huì)走路的小豬佩奇和一個(gè)吹泡泡的玩具是他孫子的最愛(ài)。favorite是可數(shù)名詞；句子主語(yǔ)a walking Peppa Pig and a bubble blowing toy是復(fù)數(shù)意義，因此favorite應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填favorites。8.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：阿木爺爺?shù)膬鹤雍蛢合爆F(xiàn)在全職為他制作視頻，希望這種人氣能幫助當(dāng)?shù)卮迕窀玫劁N售農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。hope和句子的主語(yǔ)Grandpa Amu’s son and daughter-in-law是邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，此處用現(xiàn)在分詞hoping作狀語(yǔ)。故填hoping。9.考查副詞的比較級(jí)。根據(jù)句意，此處well應(yīng)該用比較級(jí)的形式，意為“更好地”；well的比較級(jí)是better。故填better。10.考查固定用法。句意：雖然到目前為止，這位木工大師阿木爺爺在YouTube上有超過(guò)1800萬(wàn)用戶，但他堅(jiān)稱自己不是網(wǎng)紅，而只是個(gè)普通的農(nóng)民。根據(jù)句意，此處是并列結(jié)構(gòu)not...but...意為：不是……而是……。故填but。 Passage 2The southern area of Jiangxi province   11  (produce) tea for hundreds of years. Villagers there often like to sing songs while   12  (pick) tea leaves. The beautiful tunes echo over the tea gardens in the hills. After over 400 years of development, this practice has transformed into a performance art.The tea-picking opera, or Caicha Xi in Chinese, is   13   culture monument of Jiangxi province, having a history of more than 400 years. The opera can be seen on special occasions such as Chinese New Year,   14   the locals are looking to pray for prosperity and a good harvest. Tea-picking opera in southern Jiangxi province is a combination of folk songs and dancing.   15  (it) repertoire(表演劇目) is not about royal families or government officials,   16   about the daily lives of local people.After the founding of New China,   17  (music) created a number of songs based on tea-picking tunes and took the opera to a bigger stage. In 1960s, the popular “See the Red Army off”   18  (compose) by drawing inspirations from one of the   19  (tradition) tunes of the southern Jiangxi tea-picking opera. 86 years ago, with the same tune, mothers saw off their sons, and wives saw off their husbands for Long March.In 2006, it was listed   20   an intangible cultural heritage in China. To better keep the tradition and pass it on from generation to generation, the local government has provided free education to teenagers in love with tea-picking opera.【答案】has produced/has been producing  12. picking  13. a  14. when  15. Itsbut  17. musicians  18. was composed   19. traditional   20. as【解析】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了江西的采茶戲。采茶戲是一種傳統(tǒng)的劇目，有著悠久的歷史，新中國(guó)建立以來(lái)，音樂(lè)家基于采茶曲調(diào)創(chuàng)造了許多歌曲。11.考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：江西省南部地區(qū)生產(chǎn)茶葉已經(jīng)有數(shù)百年之久。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)for hundreds of years可知，此處表示從過(guò)去一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或者現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。主語(yǔ)The southern area是第三人稱單數(shù)，故填has produced或has been producing。12.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：那里的村民經(jīng)常喜歡邊摘茶葉邊唱歌。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，while   12  (pick) tea leaves是分詞作狀語(yǔ)，pick與其邏輯主語(yǔ)Villagers之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填picking。13.考查冠詞。句意：采茶劇，中文又叫采茶戲，是江西省的一種文化遺跡，有400多年的歷史。monument“歷史遺跡”是可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)句意表示泛指，culture是以輔音音素開(kāi)頭的詞，用不定冠詞a。故填a。14.考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：這種歌劇可以在諸如中國(guó)新年等特殊場(chǎng)合看到，在那些場(chǎng)合當(dāng)?shù)厝似砬蠓睒s和豐收。分析句子可知，空格處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是occasions，關(guān)系詞在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系副詞when，故填when。15.考查代詞。句意：它的表演劇目不是關(guān)于皇室或政府官員，而是關(guān)于當(dāng)?shù)厝说娜粘Ｉ睢Ｐ揎椕~repertoire用形容詞性物主代詞，表示“它的”，句子第一個(gè)單詞首字母大寫(xiě)，故填Its。16.考查連詞。not...but...：不是……而是……，是固定短語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意，故填but。17.考查名詞。句意：新中國(guó)成立后，音樂(lè)家們根據(jù)采茶曲調(diào)創(chuàng)作了許多歌曲，并將這種歌劇推向了一個(gè)更大的舞臺(tái)?？崭裉幨侵髡Z(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意，表示音樂(lè)家，用musician，且此處是復(fù)數(shù)意義，故填musicians。18.考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：上世紀(jì)60年代，流行的《送紅軍》是從江南采茶戲的傳統(tǒng)曲調(diào)中汲取靈感而創(chuàng)作的。分析句子可知，compose是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，與主語(yǔ)“See the Red Army off”是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)In 1960s可推斷，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)，綜上，故填was composed。19.考查形容詞。修飾名詞tunes用形容詞作定語(yǔ)，故填traditional。20.考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：2006年，它被列為中國(guó)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)。be listed as“被列為”是固定用法，根據(jù)句意，故填as。 Passage 3Lightning is very common but one of the most powerful weather forces to hit the earth.   21  (actual), every second about 100 lightning strikes hit   22   surface of the earth. In some parts of the world, for example in India, summer lightning storms are very common. With the rainy season   23  (begin) there, storms often cover most of the country’s northern area. Last week in June, the Reuters news agency   24  (report) lightning strikes killed more than 100 people in two areas of India.If you are outside,   25  (expert) say you should take cover,   26   means finding a safe shelter for protection. During a lightning storm, no place outside is safe. If you hear thunder, lightning is close enough to hit you. Most lightning victims(受害者) are in open areas or near a tree.If you are   27  (indoor) during a lightning storm, you could still be   28   danger. Stay off wired phones, computers and other   29  (equip) that can put you in direct contact with electricity. Avoid any areas with running water and stay away from windows and doors. Specialists at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention say that helping lightning strike victims can save their lives. It is safe   30  (touch)a lightning strike victim. People struck by lightning do not carry a charge.【答案】Actually  22. the  23. beginning  24. reported  25. expertswhich  27. indoors 28. in   29. equipment  30. to touch【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了雷擊這種自然現(xiàn)象，是襲擊地球最強(qiáng)大的天氣力量之一。作者還介紹了正確應(yīng)對(duì)雷雨天氣的一些辦法。21.考查副詞。句意：事實(shí)上，每秒鐘大約有100次閃電擊中地球表面。修飾后文整個(gè)句子應(yīng)用副詞actually，句首單詞首字母要大寫(xiě)。故填Actually。22.考查冠詞。此處特指地球的表面，應(yīng)用定冠詞。故填the。23.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：隨著雨季的開(kāi)始，暴雨經(jīng)常覆蓋該國(guó)北部大部分地區(qū)。此處為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)“with+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)”，且the rainy season與begin構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填beginning。24.考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：據(jù)路透社報(bào)道，在6月最后一周，印度兩個(gè)地區(qū)雷擊造成100多人死亡。report在句中作謂語(yǔ)，結(jié)合上文“Last week in June”可知應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填reported。25.考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：如果你在室外，專家說(shuō)你應(yīng)該找個(gè)隱蔽的地方，也就是說(shuō)找一個(gè)安全的地方躲藏。expert為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)后文say為動(dòng)詞原形，可知主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)。故填experts。26.考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾上文句子“you should take cover”，且從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)，that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。故填which。27.考查副詞。句意：雷雨期間，如果在室內(nèi)，你仍可能處于危險(xiǎn)之中。此處與上一段中“If you are outside”形成對(duì)比，因此需用表地點(diǎn)的副詞indoors，表示在室內(nèi)。故填indoors。28.考查介詞。結(jié)合句意表示“處于危險(xiǎn)中”可知短語(yǔ)為be in danger。故填in。29.考查名詞。句意：遠(yuǎn)離有線電話、電腦和其他能讓你直接接觸電的設(shè)備。此處作介詞off的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用名詞equipment，且equipment是不可數(shù)名詞。故填equipment。30.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：觸碰遭雷擊的受害者是安全的。此處為“It be+adj.+不定式短語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，句中的it是形式主語(yǔ)，因此此處用不定式作真正的主語(yǔ)。故填to touch。 Passage 4A new study looked into conversations between parents and their kids when they explored a city park as well as an indoor education center. They found that talking outdoors was much more enthusiastic   31   talking inside.Researchers from the University of Manchester recorded conversations between parents and   32  (they) 3-and 4-year-old children. They focused on children of that age because they   33  (usual) have a lot to say, but often it can be challenging   34  (hold) a conversation with them, researchers said. But being outside seemed to help.“Our research shows that   35  (nature) environments can better improve social communication,   36   raises the quality of parent-child conversations,” the study author Thea Cameron Faulkner said in a statement. The study   37  (publish) in the journal of Knviron-mental Psychology.Researchers said that there was obvious improvement in conversations held outside, but they didn’t know why the communication flowed better. One explanation, they said, is that being outside in nature   38  (ease) pressure for both children and adults   39   creates a better atmosphere for easier conversations. Another explanation is that talking outside may get greater levels of attention between   40  (person).【答案】than  32. their    33. usually  34. to hold  35. naturalwhich 37. was published  38. eases   39. and   40. persons【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，父母與孩子在戶外交流時(shí)，交流會(huì)更加暢通。31.考查介詞。根據(jù)上文中的much more enthusiastic可知此處表示進(jìn)行比較，空格后是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)talking inside，故空處應(yīng)填介詞than。32.考查代詞。句意：曼徹斯特大學(xué)的研究人員錄下了父母和他們3歲和4歲孩子之間的對(duì)話。設(shè)空處后為名詞children（孩子們）為名詞，故設(shè)空處應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞。故答案為their。33.考查副詞。句意：研究人員說(shuō)，他們關(guān)注這個(gè)年齡段的孩子，因?yàn)樗麄兺ǔＳ泻芏嘣捯f(shuō)，但通常和他們交談是很有挑戰(zhàn)性的。設(shè)空處后為動(dòng)詞，故設(shè)空處應(yīng)用副詞作狀語(yǔ)。故答案為usually。34.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。固定結(jié)構(gòu)It+is+adj+to do sth：做……是怎么樣的，其中It是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是不定式，故設(shè)空處應(yīng)為to do形式。故答案為to hold。35.考查形容詞。句意：我們的研究表明，自然環(huán)境能更好地改善社會(huì)交流，從而提高父母和孩子的對(duì)話質(zhì)量。設(shè)空處后為名詞，故設(shè)空處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞。故答案為natural。36.考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，且在句中做指物的主語(yǔ)，先行詞為communication（交流），應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which（that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句）。故答案為which。37.考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。設(shè)空處在句中做謂語(yǔ)，和句子的主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，study應(yīng)是被發(fā)表。敘述的是過(guò)去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)the study是單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用was。故答案為was published。38.考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他們說(shuō)，一種解釋是，身處大自然中可以減輕孩子和成年人的壓力，并創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更容易交談的氛圍。句子的主語(yǔ)為being outside in nature（置身大自然），設(shè)空處在句中作謂語(yǔ)；根據(jù)主句的謂語(yǔ)is，可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。故答案為eases。39.考查連詞。設(shè)空處后的creates（創(chuàng)造）和上句中的eases（減輕）并列作謂語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)用表示并列的連接詞。故答案為and。40.考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：另一種解釋是，在外面交談可能會(huì)引起人們更多的注意。設(shè)空處前為介詞，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用名詞，設(shè)空處所給詞為可數(shù)名詞，且前無(wú)冠詞，故應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式表泛指。故答案為persons。 Passage 5If you’re invited to an American friend’s home for dinner, keep   41   mind these general rules for polite behavior.First of all, arrive approximately on time(but not early).   42  (America) expect promptness(準(zhǔn)時(shí)).When you’re invited to someone’s home for a meal,   43   is polite to bring a small gift. Flowers or candy are always appropriate. If you have a(n)   44  (attract) item made in your native country, your host or hostess would certainly enjoy   45  (receive) that as a gift.Wearing proper clothes and   46   beautiful smile is simply not enough. Table manners are also very important. Do not open your mouth to talk, unless you have swallowed your food. Also, chew food with your mouth   47  (close). When you want to get the food   48   is at a distance, do not stretch your hands to reach for it. Instead, ask for the food to be passed to you.Don’t leave   49  (immediate) after dinner, but don’t overstay your welcome, either. When your friends seem to be getting tired and running out of conversation, take their behavior as a cue(暗示) to leave. The next day, call or write a thank-you note   50  (say) how much you enjoyed the evening.【答案】in  42. Americans  43. it   44. attractive   45. receivinga  47. closed  48. that/which  49. immediately  50. to say【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了去美國(guó)朋友家里吃飯應(yīng)該記住的禮貌行為。41.考查介詞。keep in mind：記住，為固定短語(yǔ)。故填in。42.考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。零冠詞可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)表示泛指，此處“美國(guó)人”是泛指概念。故填Americans。43.考查形式主語(yǔ)。分析句子可知，句子真正主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)詞不定式to bring a small gift，空格處應(yīng)用it作形式主語(yǔ)。故填it。44.考查形容詞。句意：如果你有一件本國(guó)制造的吸引人的物品，你的主人或女主人肯定會(huì)很高興收到它作為禮物。因空格后為名詞item，所以需要用形容詞修飾，attract的形容詞為attractive，作定語(yǔ)，故填attractive。45.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞。enjoy doing sth“喜歡做某事”，是固定用法，所以要用receive的動(dòng)名詞形式。故填receiving。46.考查冠詞。分析句子可知，句中smile為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，空格需用不定冠詞。故填a。47.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞。介詞with可以接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，空格處close和賓語(yǔ)your mouth為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，需用其過(guò)去分詞closed作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。故填closed。48.考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞。句意：當(dāng)你想要拿遠(yuǎn)處的食物時(shí)，不要伸手直接去拿。分析句子可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為food，關(guān)系代詞which或that引導(dǎo)從句，指物，在從句中作主語(yǔ)。故填that/which。49.考查副詞。句意：不要在飯后馬上離開(kāi)，但也不要待得太久?？崭裉帒?yīng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞leave，故需用immediate的副詞形式。故填immediately。50.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：第二天，打個(gè)電話或?qū)?/span>封感謝信，告訴對(duì)方你昨晚過(guò)得多么愉快。分析句意可知，空格處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式，作狀語(yǔ)，表目的。故填to say。
 

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