UNIT 4 單元主題訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.閱讀理解When my 8-month-old cries, I ask him if he's hungry, or wet or just needs a hug.“Babububuu，” he says.What I need is a baby cry translator. That's just what a team of researchers say they've developed.“Experienced nurses or pediatricians (兒科醫(yī)師) can identify why baby is crying because they have experience，” says Lichuan Liu, a professor of electrical engineering at Northern Illinois University, who conducted the research. “We talked to them, and they mentioned that based on the cry's sound there're some clues (線索)．”So Liu set out to identify the features of cries that can help mark them as expressions of pain or discomfort. These features include differences in pitch (音高) and frequency. The team then developed an algorithm (算法) based on automatic speech recognition to detect and identify these features. This “cry language recognition algorithm” was trained on recordings of baby cries taken from a hospital. It uses compressed sensing, a process that reconstructs a signal based on incomplete data. It can identify a baby's cry against a background of, say, adult speech or loud television sounds. By classifying different cry features, like pitch, the algorithm can suggest whether the cry is due to sickness or pain, and identify the degree of urgency.The team had experienced pediatric care providers assess forty-eight baby cry recordings for probable cause of crying — hunger, tiredness, etc. They then compared these to the algorithm's assessments. The algorithm agreed with the humans 70% of the time. Generally, so-called “uncommon cry signals” — signs of pain or sickness — are high-pitched and very loud compared to ordinary crying.Liu and her team continue to train the technology for greater accuracy. They also plan to add more features, like the ability to identify and classify movement and facial expressions. This could help give a more detailed reading of baby's emotional (情感的) and physical state. They also hope to begin human trials in the near future.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一款兒童哭聲識別器。1．Why does the author mention the 8-month-old child?A．To draw attention to baby cries.B．To prove baby cries are common.C．To lead in a translator for baby cries.D．To show the use of cry translators.解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可推斷，作者在開頭提到八個月大的小孩是為了引出嬰兒哭聲翻譯器話題。故選C。2．What inspired Lichuan Liu's idea of doing the study?A．Pediatric care workers' words.B．The pediatricians' strong requests.C．Her own nursing experiences.D．Her doubts about the previous research.解析：選A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句和第五段首句可推斷，是兒科護理工作人員的話語促使Lichuan Liu做這個研究。故選A。3．What did the researchers do in the study?A．They collected baby cries from big hospitals.B．They got 48 baby cry recordings evaluated.C．They created an automatic speech recognition.D．They analyzed cry features with compressed sensing.解析：選B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段前兩句可知，研究者在這個研究中評估了48個嬰兒哭聲記錄。故選B。4．What can we know about Liu's cry language recognition algorithm?A．It has been widely used in daily life.B．It's mainly meant for hungry cry signals.C．It has been proved effective on babies.D．It's only been tested on recorded cries now.解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可推斷，Liu的哭聲語言識別算法目前只用于測試錄制的哭聲。故選D。 Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Now, if you want to be charming, then you'll need to build self-confidence, but becoming more outgoing is actually pretty easy. To get to a point at which you feel comfortable talking to a complete stranger, follow these steps.Encourage your curiosity about people. __5__ I wonder what his parents look like. I wonder what her favourite colour is. Is he from around here? Is she the girl I saw at the cinema last week? It will take some conscious effort, but you can't be outgoing if you don't care about people.Smile at others. Make it a goal to smile at one person a day. It can be anybody, and it can be the most subtle (微妙的) thing of smile. A quick glance paired with a smile — then run away if you want! __6__ Eventually, you will want to get to a point where you smile instinctively whenever you make first eye contact with someone.Ask people questions. The standard “How are you？” doesn't really count, because people use it as a greeting rather than a real question. __7__ This is where the curiosity and interest in others come into play.__8__ This is key to being a good conversationalist. If you don't make enough eye contact, the other person will feel invisible and the sense that you're elsewhere mentally. If you make too much, they'll feel uncomfortable. Is that specific enough for you?Note your body language. __9__ To show that you're outgoing and welcome conversations, keep your body open, your head up, and a smile on your face. Resist playing with your phone or otherwise occupying yourself.A．Master eye contact.B．Never hesitate to smile at others.C．Most of communication isn't verbal.D．The more you do it, though, the less scary it will be.E．Make eye contact when you're asking questions about people.F．Wherever you go, try to observe people, and ask questions about them.G．If you've already exchanged eye contact and smiles with someone, start off with a question.語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了與人自由交流時需要的一些技巧，比如微笑、提問、眼神交流和肢體語言等。5．選F　本段主要講述了培養(yǎng)對他人的好奇心，F(xiàn)項“無論到哪里，都要努力去觀察人們，多問問關(guān)于他們的問題”符合語境。故選F。6．選D　本段主要講述的是要微笑面對他人。上句講的是“剛開始時可能會害羞”，下句講的是“最后你會體會到第一次和別人接觸時會本能地笑”。由語境可知，D項“做得越多就越不會害怕”符合語境。7．選G　本段主要講述了和別人交流要從問問題開始，故G項中“start off with a question”符合語境。所以選G。8．選A　根據(jù)本段中的“If you don't make enough eye contact”和“If you make too much”可知，本段講要用眼神交流來達到好的談話效果，A項“善于用眼神交流”能概括本段內(nèi)容，故選A。9．選C　本段主要講述了要注意使用肢體語言，C項“多數(shù)的交流并不是口頭的”，指的是肢體語言，符合語境，故選C。 Ⅲ.完形填空Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks __10__ than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more __11__ than we realize. In fact, non-verbal communication takes up about 50% of what we really mean. And body language is particularly __12__ when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so __13__ a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. __14__， different societies treat the distance between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having __15__ contact even with friends, and certainly not with __16__. People from Latin American countries, __17__， touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it's possible that in conversation, it may look like a Latino is __18__ a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving __19__. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep __20__— which the Latino will in return regard as coldness.Clearly, a great deal is going on when people __21__. And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from __22__ cultures, there's a strong possibility of misunderstanding. But whatever the situation, the best __23__ is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be __24__.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，介紹了肢體語言的作用，以及在不同文化里肢體語言的不同含義。10．A.straighter　　　　　　　 B．louderC．harder  D．further解析：選B　根據(jù)上文中的“most powerful language”以及下文內(nèi)容可知，此處表示肢體語言比文字語言更容易把意思表達清楚，更有說服力。11．A.sounds  B．invitationsC．feelings  D．messages解析：選D　此處指身體發(fā)出的是message“信息”，而不是sound。12．A.immediate  B．misleadingC．important  D．difficult解析：選C　根據(jù)下文論述，當(dāng)涉及跨文化交流時，肢體語言尤為重要(important)。13．A.well  B．farC．much  D．long解析：選C　根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示肢體語言在生活中的使用程度，故應(yīng)用much。14．A.For example  B．ThusC．However  D．In short解析：選A　上句中提到肢體語言會發(fā)生誤解，下文是對此進行舉例，F(xiàn)or example用于舉例說明，符合語境。15．A.eye  B．verbalC．bodily  D．telephone解析：選C　北歐人通常不喜歡肢體的接觸，故選bodily“身體的”。16．A.strangers  B．relativesC．neighbours  D．enemies解析：選A　北歐人不喜歡和朋友有肢體上的接觸，更不用說陌生人了。17．A.in other words  B．on the other handC．in a similar way  D．by all means解析：選B　上文講到了北歐人的習(xí)慣，此處要針對拉丁美洲人的習(xí)慣進行說明，on the other hand“另一方面”，符合上下文語境。18．A.disturbing  B．helpingC．guiding  D．following解析：選D　根據(jù)上文“people from Latin American ...a lot”可知，我們看到的很可能是一個拉丁美洲人跟隨一個挪威人在房間到處移動，故選following“跟隨”。19．A.closer  B．fasterC．in  D．a(chǎn)way解析：選A　根據(jù)空前的“trying to express friendship”可知，拉丁美洲人極力想離對方近一些，故選closer (更近的)。20．A.stepping forward  B．going onC．backing away  D．coming out解析：選C　根據(jù)“pushiness”可知，挪威人不喜歡肢體接觸，會一直向后退，故選backing away“后退”。21．A.talk  B．travelC．laugh  D．think解析：選A　A選項中的talk (交談)與上文的conversation相呼應(yīng)，且文章主要講述交談中的肢體語言。22．A.different  B．EuropeanC．Latino  D．rich解析：選A　根據(jù)上文可知，談話的雙方來自不同的文化。different cultures“不同的文化”。23．A.chance  B．timeC．result  D．a(chǎn)dvice解析：選D　根據(jù)空后的“to obey the Golden Rule: ...”可知，此處表示“建議”。24．A.noticed  B．treatedC．respected  D．pleased解析：選B　你希望怎樣被對待(treated)，那你就怎樣對待別人。Ⅳ.讀后續(xù)寫 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。It was a Saturday last year, and my husband, David, and I were taking our dog, Joey, for his evening walk. We were on our way home, heading towards a bridge, when I heard a cry ahead.As we approached, I saw a figure sitting down on the ground, uncomfortably close to the wall. It was a young man, clearly in distress, crying and shouting, his whole body shaking. I froze, suddenly aware of the gravity of the situation. The bridge ran over a high-speed train track and was a well-known suicide spot. A local family had lost their teenager in that exact place a few weeks earlier.David and I exchanged glances. There was no one around. I knew I wouldn't be able to live with myself if his death was reported the next day and I'd done nothing.I inched towards the young man and Joey instinctively glued to my side. I asked him if I could sit down, and then lowered myself on to the ground opposite him, while Joey sandwiched himself between us. I tried a few gentle questions: “What's your name? How old are you? What do you do？” His answers were simple. “Tommy. 23. Computer.”“Are you OK？” I asked. “No, I'm not.” he shouted back. He muttered something about a betrayal, not knowing what to do. His emotions were swinging wildly — tears one moment and fierce anger the next. I was desperate to make a connection, asking him where he went to college and feigning (裝作) delight as I told him my son had studied there, too. I even found myself recounting the story of Neil Layboum, who had talked a man down from Waterloo Bridge in London 10 years ago.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2．請按如下格式作答。Paragraph 1：I kept talking, trying to alter his mood.　　                                                                           　                                                                            Paragraph 2：When the train passed, I let out a sigh.　　                                                                           　                                                                            參考范文：Paragraph 1：I kept talking, trying to alter his mood. “You look very handsome. Your parents must be very nice, right？” His eyes warmed at the thought of something warm with his parents. Seeing this, I continued to say more, “Raising a child is both happy and difficult for parents. They love you forever, and there will be no betrayal.So why don't you spend some time with them？” At last he was willing to get up from the track. A train was barreling toward him, but he escaped in time and no one was injured.Paragraph 2：When the train passed, I let out a sigh. The young man seemed to calm down. He thanked us and turned back. I thought he had had an idea of how to solve the problem. The white light lengthened his shadow. I was glad I didn't blow it. And our small efforts saved a young life.

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