?專題18 記敘文類完形填空（解析版）
完形填空是語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用的第一節(jié)，共20小題，每小題1.5分。在一篇約250詞的短文中留出20個(gè)空白，要求考生從每題所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，使補(bǔ)全后的短文意思通順，前后連貫，結(jié)構(gòu)完整。

一、思維導(dǎo)圖

二、題型分析
1. 考情分析
全國卷對(duì)完形填空的考查，近幾年來一直以記敘文和夾敘夾議文為主，以說明文和議論文為輔。從選材到試題的設(shè)置都呈現(xiàn)出＂穩(wěn)中有變＂的特點(diǎn)：
1. 題材相對(duì)穩(wěn)定：文章的選材都是中學(xué)生熟悉的話題，能夠傳遞正能量，弘揚(yáng)社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀，讀后能給考生帶來心靈的啟迪。且文章大多原汁原味，語言地道，注重思想性和教育性，具有積極的教育意義，體現(xiàn)出了課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中對(duì)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的情感、態(tài)度和價(jià)值觀的要求。
2. 文章短小精悍：完形填空的文章長度一般為250詞左右，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，脈絡(luò)清晰，難度適中，全文設(shè)置20個(gè)空格，要求考生根據(jù)文章的整體內(nèi)容，從層次結(jié)構(gòu)和上下文的邏輯關(guān)系方面選擇符合文章情節(jié)的選項(xiàng)，很少涉及純語法知識(shí)試題。
3. 穩(wěn)定中有變化：近幾年高考完形填空在選項(xiàng)的設(shè)置上，打破了傳統(tǒng)的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)類別一致的命題規(guī)律。如2019年浙江卷第41題和45題四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語，兩個(gè)為動(dòng)詞； 2015年全國卷Ⅰ的第44題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，有兩個(gè)以-ly結(jié)尾的副詞，另外兩個(gè)副詞為outside和by；2016年全國卷Ⅰ的第52題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中設(shè)置了三個(gè)形容詞和一個(gè)副詞，第47題和第54題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均由兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞及兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞詞組構(gòu)成，第59題把兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞及兩個(gè)介詞短語設(shè)置為一組選項(xiàng)。此外，2016年增加了對(duì)代詞的考查，考生備考時(shí)需要注意。
2. 文章特點(diǎn)
記敘文一直受高考完形填空命題者的青睞，在高考完形填空題材中占有相當(dāng)大的比重。這是因?yàn)槠溆腥宋铩⑶楣?jié)發(fā)展等線索可循，內(nèi)容情節(jié)深刻，常涉及人物心理活動(dòng)的細(xì)致描寫，篇章與語句的結(jié)構(gòu)變化豐富多彩。這種類型的試題，更能考查考生根據(jù)文章的整體內(nèi)容選擇符合文章情節(jié)的答案，可以充分體現(xiàn)考生對(duì)事物的應(yīng)變能力。仔細(xì)研讀近幾年高考完形填空我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，記敘文是出現(xiàn)頻率最高的一類文體，多以記人和敘事為主。具體地說，它是借助敘述、描寫等手段記敘社會(huì)中的人物和事件發(fā)展過程，用以表現(xiàn)作者的態(tài)度和觀點(diǎn)。記敘文多以人的思想和行為為中心，以時(shí)間或空間的變化為線索，按事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和結(jié)束來展開敘述。研讀記敘型完形填空，可看出以下趨勢(shì)：
　　1.首句完整，線索清楚
　　一般作者在第一句話就交代了人物的姓名、身份、業(yè)績或事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)，然后再介紹事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展，最后得出結(jié)果。
　　2.敘述靈活，側(cè)重語境。
　　文章以敘述為主，人物間對(duì)話較少，絕大部分篇章是作者在描述事件，較少加入作者的觀點(diǎn)或評(píng)論。因此，常會(huì)出現(xiàn)態(tài)度與觀點(diǎn)的跳躍變換，或語氣上的差異。這增加了情景的迷惑性和干擾性，從而突出了對(duì)語境的依賴，實(shí)現(xiàn)了在理解上下文的基礎(chǔ)上，通過語境，辨析詞語，作出選擇。
　　3.實(shí)詞為主，虛詞為輔。
高考記敘型完形填空，篇章不長，一般在200～280個(gè)詞左右，始終緊扣話題中心，形成一個(gè)主題連續(xù)體。選項(xiàng)一般為同一詞類或同一范疇。重點(diǎn)集中于動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞或副詞等實(shí)詞上，介詞、連詞、冠詞等虛詞的考查相對(duì)較少。實(shí)詞為主，虛詞為輔，更能體現(xiàn)在語境中考查英語運(yùn)用能力這一思路。
3. 基本技能
在記敘文類完形填空的解題過程中，除了需要具備扎實(shí)的語言知識(shí)之外，還需要一套過硬的解題方法和技巧，很明顯，如果掌握了正確的解題思路，就會(huì)起到事半功倍的效果，從而大幅度提高正確率。
1. 讀透首句，掌握主旨
重視首句，明確短文話題，了解篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，預(yù)測(cè)全文內(nèi)容。絕大多數(shù)記敘文的作者都會(huì)用一句話點(diǎn)明人物的姓名、身份或事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)，然后再逐漸深入介紹事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展，最后得出結(jié)論，所以讀透句首對(duì)學(xué)生了解全文至關(guān)重要，這就是我們理解文章內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的＂突破口＂。
2. 跳空速讀全文，掌握中心
速讀全文要求一氣呵成，跳過空格，快速閱讀，領(lǐng)會(huì)大意，把握中心。重點(diǎn)了解記敘文的要素，如：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物和事件等，從整體上把握文章的敘述順序和結(jié)構(gòu)主線。
3. 身臨其境，故事重構(gòu)
采取換位思考的方式，假設(shè)自己就是故事的主人公，在此情此景下，模擬故事的情景，體會(huì)人物的心情，推理故事的發(fā)展，體驗(yàn)作者的心情以及觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度等，這樣才能對(duì)故事或事件有一個(gè)貼切的把握，才能選出符合語境的選項(xiàng)。同時(shí)要注意文化背景知識(shí)和生活常識(shí)。
4. 關(guān)注末段，注意感想
最后一段通常是作者的有感而發(fā)、心理體驗(yàn)或經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)等。要注意結(jié)合語境選用合適的形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞或名詞等。
5. 瀏覽全文，復(fù)查核定
根據(jù)記敘文的線索，考生一定要進(jìn)行回查，仔細(xì)推敲，校正全文，使故事恢復(fù)原貌。檢查要點(diǎn)是：
（1）語意是否前后一致；
（2）上下文是否通順連貫，內(nèi)容是否完整；
（3）所選詞匯是否符合語法、句法結(jié)構(gòu)；
（4）文化背景和生活常識(shí)是否合理。

三．考試技巧詳解
做完形填空題，最大的禁忌就是急于求成、脫離語篇，憑主觀臆斷，造成“只見樹木，不見森林”的片面性錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)當(dāng)通過第一遍的通讀全文判斷該題所屬的層次類型。
1. 上下語境法
(2020全國Ⅱ卷) Nicolo and another bidder battled until Nicolo finally won the paintings for ＄32…“That's the garden in our picture,” Nicolo's son told his father. They eventually learned that the painting they 56 was called “The Girl with Two Chairs.”
56. A. owned B. borrowed C. sold D. stole
解析：由上文的“Nicolo finally won the paintings for ＄32”可知，這幅畫是尼科洛競(jìng)拍獲得的，故此處指他們“擁有(owned)”的這幅畫。故選A項(xiàng)。

(2020全國Ⅰ卷) Windows and doors have 53 metaphorical (比喻) meanings. I'm telling them they can't open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in life they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity (機(jī)會(huì)) of some sort…
A.traditional B. important C. double D.?original
解析: 由下文的“l(fā)ike an opportunity (機(jī)會(huì)) of some sort” 可知, 此處表示門和窗都有重要的比喻意義, 即指生活中的機(jī)遇。故選B項(xiàng)。

2. 固定搭配法
1. (2015·北京高考)Dario’s mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. “I think maybe we _______ you an apology，” she said.
A. give　　B. send C．offer D．owe
解析：本題屬于句內(nèi)層次題，可以利用固定結(jié)構(gòu)解題。owe sb. an apology為固定搭配，意為“應(yīng)向某人道歉”。

2. (2015·福建高考)However, life can be _______ when you are not busy finding fault with it.
A. lonely B．great C．quiet D．uneasy
解析：本題可以利用生活常識(shí)和文化背景解題。根據(jù)生活常識(shí)，當(dāng)你不再對(duì)生活處處挑剔的時(shí)候，生活當(dāng)然會(huì)是“極好的，好的”。

3. 詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)法
1. (2020全國Ⅲ卷·45) But like anyone for whom you feel affection, customers can also drive you mad… They'll have out half the ________ in the shop, and want the only style you don't have left in a particular colour.
解析：由后文“I think almost all the people in the town were there.” 可知， 鎮(zhèn)上幾乎所有的人都在那里，因此full(滿的)符合語境，故選B項(xiàng)。

2. (2020全國Ⅱ卷·47) When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he ________ the paintings with him. He hung them above the same table he had moved from Turin.
A. held B. left C. registered D. brought
解析：由空處前的 “When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily”及下文的“he had moved from Turin”可知，尼科洛之前住在都靈，他把在都靈居住時(shí)拍賣獲得的畫“帶到(brought)”了西西里島。

4. 邏輯關(guān)系法
1. (2020全國Ⅲ卷·47) As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, customers can also drive you mad… I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep ______.
A. fighting B. smiling C. waiting D. changing
解析：轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。由空前的“how upset the shop staff”和表轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞but可知，此處應(yīng)指作者知道店員們遇到這種情況會(huì)有多沮喪, 但是作者努力說服店員們保持“微笑(smiling)”。

2. (2017全國Ⅱ卷·43) In 1973, I was teaching elementary school. Each day, 27 kids entered “The Thinking Laboratory”. That was the name students voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too ______.
A. small B. dark C. strange D. dull
解析：因果關(guān)系。學(xué)生認(rèn)為“Room 104”教室太dull (無聊，沒有樂趣)，所以把教室的名字叫做“思想實(shí)驗(yàn)室”。前后為因果關(guān)系，故選D項(xiàng)。

3. (2017全國Ⅲ卷·51) …and received thousands of e-mails, including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the right passports. “More ______, there are hundreds of Canadians who are interested in writing their name to Elizabeth Gallagher,” Axani said…
A. interesting B. annoying C. satisfying D. convincing
解析：遞進(jìn)關(guān)系?？崭窈蟮膬?nèi)容提到, 很多加拿大人為了拿到機(jī)票, 竟然想把名字改為Elizabeth Gallagher，Axani覺得這更“有意思(interesting)”。與上文的內(nèi)容構(gòu)成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。故選A項(xiàng)。

4. (2018年全國Ⅰ卷·43) And, even if I weren't _______ enough about free credits, news about our instructor was appealing enough to me.
A. excited B. worried C. moved D. tired
解析：讓步關(guān)系。根據(jù)was appealing可知，即便“我”對(duì)免費(fèi)學(xué)分沒那么“興奮 (excited)”，但關(guān)于指導(dǎo)老師的消息也足夠吸引“我”。 前后為讓步關(guān)系，故選A項(xiàng)。worried擔(dān)心的，焦慮的；moved感動(dòng)的；tired疲憊的，累的。

5. 背景常識(shí)法
1. (2020全國Ⅰ卷·52) I wonder if parents should always tell the truth no matter the consequences. I have a very strong fear that the lie we're telling is doing _______ damage to our children.
A. physical B. biological C. spiritual D. behavioral
解析：結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，父母撒謊會(huì)給孩子帶來 “精神上的(spiritual)”傷害。physical意為“身體的”; biological意為“生物的”; behavioral意為“行為的”。

2. (2019全國Ⅰ卷·43) The crowds might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing, changing the ______ of Kilimanjaro.
A. position B. age C. face D. name
解析：由前文的“The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing”可知，冰川正在消失；結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，冰川是乞力馬扎羅山地貌之一，所以冰山融化會(huì)改變乞力馬扎羅山的地貌(face)，故選C項(xiàng)。

6. 情感態(tài)度法
1. (2020全國Ⅰ卷·52) I wonder if parents should always tell the truth no matter the consequences. I have a very strong fear that the lie we're telling is doing _______ damage to our children.
A. physical B. biological C. spiritual D. behavioral
解析：結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，父母撒謊會(huì)給孩子帶來 “精神上的(spiritual)”傷害。physical意為“身體的”; biological意為“生物的”; behavioral意為“行為的”。


2. (2019全國Ⅰ卷·43) The crowds might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing, changing the ______ of Kilimanjaro.
A. position B. age C. face D. name
解析：由前文的“The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing”可知，冰川正在消失；結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，冰川是乞力馬扎羅山地貌之一，所以冰山融化會(huì)改變乞力馬扎羅山的地貌(face)，故選C項(xiàng)。

3. (2020全國Ⅲ卷·5) She was displeased with absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather ______ that she became a “regular”.
A. relaxed B. delighted
C. surprised D. embarrassed
解析：由空前的 “She was displeased with absolutely everything, nothing was right”可知，這位顧客對(duì)一切都不滿意, 覺得什么都不對(duì); 結(jié)合空后的 “she became a ‘regular’ ”可知，她后來居然成了一位常客。這樣一位難打交道的顧客能成為?？? 作者應(yīng)是對(duì)此“感到吃驚(surprised)”。


四、高考真題
一、2021年高考真題
1.【2021年6月浙江卷】
My mother is 92. Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her??????1??????and visit the doctor, providing??????2??????and transportation. During the week, however, she likes to go to a nearby store to??????3??????some small things she needs.
Last week she walked up to the store, but when she went to pay for her groceries, she was??????4??????about three dollars. The only??????5??????to pay for the groceries was to take off the??????6??????she could do without: a bottle of nubbing alcohol（醫(yī)用酒精）and a bar of soap. By taking off these, she was able to??????7??????the new total to the amount of cash she had with her.
At this store, people??????8??????and then go off to the side to??????9??????their own groceries. My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags when a??????10??????came up her and said. "Here are the things that you??????11??????, " handing her the rubbing alcohol and the??????12??????. My mother, who is never speechless, was speechless. She??????13??????for the woman's name and address so that she could??????14??????her. The woman told her it was her??????15??????.
My mothet was so??????16??????by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier（收銀員）a five-dollar bill to keep on hand??????17??????the same happened to someone else if they didn't have enough??????18??????for all of their groceries.
So, whoever you are, thank you for the random act of??????19??????that not only helped my mother out, but??????20??????too.
1.A.exercise B.housework C.cooking D.shopping
2.A.reward B.medicine C.company D.shelter
3.A.return B.collect C.order D.buy
4.A.short B.cautious C.wrong D.concerned
5.A.aim B.way C.advice D.reason
6.A.weight B.things C.mask D.glasses
7.A.raise B.add C.bring D.switch
8.A.show up B.call in C.check out D.sit down
9.A.store B.select C.deliver D.bag
10.A.stranger B.cashier C.friend D.doctor
11.A.looked for B.talked about C.threw away D.put back
12.A.receipt B.soap C.cash D.bottle
13.A.asked B.waited C.cared D.searched
14.A.repay B.trust C.recognize D.help
15.A.luck B.chance C.gift D.turn
16.A.surprised B.amused C.touched D.convinced
17.A.in case B.even if C.as though D.so that
18.A.energy B.money C.space D.time
19.A.faith B.courage C.kindness D.honor
20.A.made her day B.changed her mind C.caught her eye D.met her demand

【文章大意】本文是一篇溫情小故事：“我”的母親在商店買東西結(jié)賬時(shí)，隨身帶的錢不夠， 一位陌生女士善意幫忙，母親決心把這份愛心傳遞了下去。
【解析】
1：D
考查名詞辨析。A. exercise 運(yùn)動(dòng)；? B. housework 家務(wù)；? C. cooking烹飪； D. shopping購物。根據(jù)下一句 "但是在周中，她喜歡去附近的商店買一些她需要的小東西" 可知，我?guī)赣H去購物（規(guī)律性的較大型采買）和看醫(yī)生，故選D。
2：C
考查名詞辨析。A. reward報(bào)酬； B. medicine藥品； C. company陪伴； D. shelter庇護(hù)，避難所。根據(jù)句意可知我?guī)赣H是去購物和看醫(yī)生，因此我提供的只能是陪伴和交通。易錯(cuò)項(xiàng)：注意providing作為伴隨狀語，其主語為句子主語I，而非doctor。故選C。
3：D
考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. return返回； B. collect收集； C. order命令，下單； D. buy購買。
根據(jù)句意 "但是在周中，她喜歡去附近的商店買一些她需要的小東西" 可知是 "購買"，故選D。
4：A
考查形容詞辨析。A. short短的，不足的，缺乏的； B. cautious謹(jǐn)慎小心的； C. wrong錯(cuò)的； D. concerned擔(dān)心的，關(guān)心的。根據(jù)句意和下文可知母親在購物結(jié)賬時(shí)（when she went to pay…），發(fā)現(xiàn)差三元錢，short表示 "不足，缺少的"，故選A。
5：B
考查名詞辨析。A. aim目標(biāo)； B. way方式； C. advice建議； D. reason理由。根據(jù)句意 "支付這些貨品唯一的方式是拿掉一些可以不買的東西" 可知是pay的方式，故選B。
6：B
考查名詞辨析。A. weight重量；B. things東西；C. mask面具，口罩；D. glasses眼鏡，玻璃杯。根據(jù)句意 "支付這些貨品唯一的方式是拿掉一些可以不買的東西" 可知此處是去掉一些 "東西"，故選B。
7：C
考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. raise提高，籌集；養(yǎng)育；B. add添加；C. bring帶來；使處于某種情況；把……移到；D. switch改變；轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)句意 "…她能讓新的總額到達(dá)她隨身攜帶的現(xiàn)金額" 可知是 "使total到達(dá)一個(gè)值"，故選C。
8：C
考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。A. show up出現(xiàn)，露面；B. call in召來，拜訪；C. check out結(jié)賬離開；D. sit down坐下。根據(jù)句意 "人們結(jié)賬后然后離開到一邊去裝包自己的物品" 可知是 "結(jié)賬"，故選C。
9：D
考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. store儲(chǔ)存；B. select選擇；C. deliver遞送；D. bag把……裝入袋中。根據(jù)句意 "人們結(jié)賬后然后離開到一邊去裝包自己的物品" 可知是把買來的東西裝袋，故選D。
10：A
考查名詞辨析。A. stranger陌生人；B. cashier收銀員；C. friend朋友；D. doctor醫(yī)生。根據(jù)下文（13空所在的句子）可知母親問這位女士的姓名和地址，好去還錢；證明母親不認(rèn)識(shí)這位女士，因此選擇陌生人，故選A。
11： D
考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。A. looked for尋找；B. talked about談?wù)?；C. threw away扔掉；D. put back放回。根據(jù)句意 "這是你……的東西"，遞給母親的正是她剛剛?cè)サ簦捶呕厣痰辏┑尼t(yī)用酒精和肥皂，可知是填 "放回去" ，故選D。
12：B
考查名詞辨析。A. receipt收據(jù)；B. soap肥皂；C. cash現(xiàn)金；D. bottle瓶子。根據(jù)句意 "遞給母親的正是醫(yī)用酒精和……" 并結(jié)合上文可知，正是6空所在句子中提到的酒精和肥皂，故選B。
13：A
考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. asked問；B. waited等待；C. cared關(guān)心，在意；D. searched尋找。根據(jù)句意 "她問這位女士的姓名和地址，好來還錢" 可知是詢問，故選A。
14：A
考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. repay 歸還，償還；B. trust 信任；C. recognize 認(rèn)出；D. help 幫助。根據(jù)句意可知母親詢問女士的姓名地址以便把錢歸還給她。故選A。
15：C
考查名詞辨析。A. luck 運(yùn)氣；B. chance 機(jī)會(huì)，可能性；C. gift 禮物；D. turn （輪流的）機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)上下文可知，母親想要把錢會(huì)給她，但是她拒絕了，因此此處意為：這是送你的（禮物）。故選C。
16： C
考查形容詞辨析。A. surprised 驚訝的；B. amused 逗樂的；C. touched 感動(dòng)的；D. convinced 堅(jiān)信的?？崭窈蟮膆er gesture指的是上文陌生人的好心幫助，由此可知母親的情感為 "感動(dòng)的"。故選C。
17：A
考查連詞辨析。A. in case 萬一；B. even if 即使；C. as though 好像；D. so that 以至于。根據(jù)句意：母親決定給收銀員5美元，萬一別人也遇到同樣的事情，也就是上文母親遇到的買東西時(shí)錢不夠的情況。故選A。
18：B
考查名詞辨析。A. energy 能量；B. money 金錢；C. space 空間；D. time 時(shí)間。根據(jù)句意：沒有足夠的錢買下所有的東西。故選B。
19：C
考查名詞辨析。A. faith 信念；B. courage 勇氣；C. kindness 善良；D. honor 榮耀。根據(jù)上文這位陌生人對(duì)母親的幫助可知此處為 "感謝你的善良舉動(dòng)"。故選C。
20：A
考查詞組辨析。A. made her day 使她心情愉悅； B. changed her mind 改變她的想法； C. caught her eye 吸引她的眼球；D. met her demand 滿足她的要求。根據(jù)句意可知陌生人的善意不僅幫助了我們母親，同時(shí)也使她心情愉悅。故選A。

2.【2021年6月全國甲卷】
It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada.
Burchill was??????1??????at the hotel on business and planning to??????2??????some friends in the area. They had asked him to??????3??????some pepperoni（辣香腸） from back east. So he??????4??????a suitcase full of pepperoni. As he was??????5??????that it would be too warm, he??????6??????it out on the table near an open window. He thought his pepperoni was??????7??????and well chilled（冷卻） and he??????8?????.
That's when things went??????9??????Eyy temenier walking down the long??????10??????and?opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls, " Burchill said in a recent letter of???????11??????to the 4-star hotel.“The seagulls immediately went??????12??????They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to??????13??????at the same time, and pepperoni—everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down, It was a real??????14??????."
Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion（莽撞）. “I have??????15??????and I admit responsibility for my??????16?????, " he said in the letter. “I?come to you,??????17?????, to apologize for the damage I had??????18??????caused and to ask you?to??????19??????my lifetime ban from the hotel."
His letter??????20?????. Banned from the hotel since 2001, Burchill is now welcome to come?back, the Fairmont said.
1.A.studying B.staying C.looking D.packing
2.A.visit B.help C.follow D.make
3.A.sell B.have C.bring D.taste
4.A.filled B.locked C.abandoned D.lost
5.A.surprised B.pleased C.excited D.worried
6.A.dug B.cleared C.cut D.laid
7.A.delicious B.safe C.soft D.ready
8.A.left B.nodded C.waited D.regretted
9.A.far B.funny C.wrong D.blind
10.A.beach B.driveway C.hall D.table
11.A.application B.apology C.request D.invitation
12.A.hungry B.dead C.missing D.wild
13.A.wake up B.get out C.take off D.break in
14.A.mess B.puzzle C.fight D.challenge
15.A.recovered B.retired C.escaped D.matured
16.A.suffering B.plans C.madness D.actions
17.A.hands in pockets B.nose in the air C.hat in hand D.feet on the ground
18.A.indirectly B.deliberately C.cautiously D.secretly
19.A.replace B.remember C.reconsider D.renew
20.A.arrived B.worked C.ended D.disappeared

【文章大意】本文是記敘文，文章講述了主人公酒店出差住店時(shí)的一次不愉快經(jīng)歷。主人公住酒店時(shí)，拿出來的香腸吸引了鴿子，而讓賓館收到損失。最后事情得到了圓滿解決，主人公又再次成為賓館的座上賓，賓館也歡迎他隨時(shí)回來。
【解析】
1：D
考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)下文 "a suitcase full of pepperoni" 和 "he?? 26???it out on the table near an open window" 可知，Burchill裝了滿滿一箱子的臘腸，因?yàn)閾?dān)心太熱，溫度過高，他把香腸放到窗戶的桌子上，一遍香腸可以冷卻。由此可以推斷他當(dāng)時(shí)正在酒店收拾行李。A. studying 學(xué)習(xí)，研究B. staying待著C. looking看 D. packing打包，故選D。
2 ：A
考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)下文 "They had asked him to? 23???some pepperoni（辣香腸） from back east." 可知他的朋友叫他帶點(diǎn)香腸給他們，所以這里應(yīng)該是他去拜訪朋友或者看望朋友。A. visit拜訪B. help????? 幫助C. follow追隨????? D. make 交朋友。故選A。
3 ：C
考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)上文，they 只帶朋友，所以這里應(yīng)該是讓他帶一些香腸過去。A. sell賣????? B. have?? 擁有C. bring?????? 帶來D. taste 品嘗。故選C。
4 ：A
考查動(dòng)詞。前面是bring在根據(jù)上文，Burchill正在打包，所以這里應(yīng)該是把箱子填滿了香腸。A. filled 填滿? B. locked???? 鎖上C. abandoned 放棄D. lost丟失。故選A。
5 ：D
考查形容詞、副詞。根據(jù)本句 "too warm" 所以這里應(yīng)該是Burchill擔(dān)心太熱。A. surprised 吃驚的?? B. pleased 高興的??? C. excited 興奮的? D. worried擔(dān)憂的。故選D。
6 ： D
考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)后問 "out on" 應(yīng)該是他把香腸拿出來放到桌子上。A. dug 挖????? B. cleared 清理???? C. cut 剪斷，切??? D. laid放置。故選D。
7 ：B
考查形容詞、副詞。他認(rèn)為他的香腸會(huì)_____, 會(huì)冷卻，所以他_____.這里應(yīng)該是他覺得放在桌子上沒問題，所以他離開了。A. delicious美味的?? B. safe安全的?????? C. soft柔軟的?????? D. ready準(zhǔn)備好的。故選B。
8 ：A
考查動(dòng)詞。他認(rèn)為他的香腸會(huì)_____, 會(huì)冷卻，所以他_____.這里應(yīng)該是他覺得放在桌子上沒問題，所以他離開了。A. left???? 離開???? B. nodded 點(diǎn)頭???? C. waited 等待????? D. regretted? 后悔。故選A。
9 ：C
考查形容詞、副詞。這里根據(jù)文章的首段，加拿大維多利亞州費(fèi)爾蒙特皇后酒店(Fairmont Empress Hotel)的尼克?伯奇爾(Nick Burchill)被列入黑名單，至少部分罪魁禍?zhǔn)讘?yīng)該是海邊的鳥兒。這里go wrong表示發(fā)生了意外。A. go far?? 成功，揚(yáng)名??? B. go funny??? 變得可笑?????? C. go wrong出錯(cuò)，出毛病?? D.go blind 失明。故選C。
10 ：C
考查名詞。根據(jù) "walking down the long?? 30__?? and opening the door " 可以猜測(cè)這里應(yīng)該是回了酒店，所以只能是走過長長的酒店的走廊。A. beach 海灘?? B. driveway 車道? C. hall 走廊（熟詞生義）D. table 桌子。故選C。
11 ：B
考查名詞。根據(jù)下文 "I come to you,????37???, to apologize for the damage I had " 可以得知，這里應(yīng)該是道歉。A. application申請(qǐng)B. apology道歉? C. request 請(qǐng)求???? D. invitation 邀請(qǐng)。故選B。
12 ：D
考查形容詞、副詞。根據(jù)下文 "They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to????33????at the same time, and pepperoni—everywhere." 可知，海鷗應(yīng)該是著急出去。A. go hungry 饑餓的??? B. go dead 死的；不起作用的??? C. go missing 迷失的??? D. go wild 瘋狂的。故選D。
13 ：B
考查短語。這里應(yīng)該是海鷗應(yīng)該是著急出去。A. wake up 喚醒?? B. get out?????? 出去???? C. take off 脫下；起飛 D. break in 闖入。故選B。
14 ：A
考查名詞。根據(jù)前面 "The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down" 可知，此時(shí)的狀況應(yīng)該是一團(tuán)糟。A. mess 亂糟糟???? B. puzzle 謎團(tuán)?????? C. fight?? 斗爭(zhēng)?????? D. challenge 挑戰(zhàn)。故選A。
15 ：D
考查動(dòng)詞。空格后面我承認(rèn)我對(duì)此事有責(zé)任，根據(jù)上文 "Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion伯奇爾年紀(jì)大了，也更聰明了，他把這件事歸咎于年輕人的輕率行為" 和下文 "to apologize for the damage" 可以推測(cè)此時(shí)我應(yīng)該是成熟了，長大了。A. recovered 恢復(fù) B. retired 退休???? C. escaped 逃跑??? D. matured 成熟。故選D。
16 ： D
考查名詞。同上，應(yīng)該是為我的行為感到道歉。A. suffering 遭受????? B. plans?? 計(jì)劃?????? C. madness???? 瘋狂?????? D. actions 行動(dòng)。故選D。
17 ：C
考查短語。根據(jù)后文，為了道歉， 那么應(yīng)該是畢恭畢敬的道歉。A. hands in pockets ??? 兩手抄兜B. nose in the air 目中無人?????? C. hat in hand 畢恭畢敬地??? D. feet on the ground 腳踏實(shí)地。故選C。
18 ：A
考查形容詞、副詞。根據(jù) "had caused" 在根據(jù)前文他的過失，所以很容易得知這里應(yīng)該是無心之舉。A. indirectly 間接地??? B. deliberately 故意地?????? C. cautiously 小心謹(jǐn)慎地??? D. secretly 秘密地。故選A。
19 ：C
考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù) "my lifetime ban from the hotel" 應(yīng)該是請(qǐng)求移除對(duì)我的黑明顯限制。 ?A. replace???? 代替B. remember?????? 記得 C. reconsider 重新考慮???? D. renew 更新。故選C。
20 ：B
考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)后文 "Burchill is now welcome to come back" 可知他現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在黑名單中了，所以他的道歉是起了作用的。? A. arrived?????? 到達(dá)B. worked 工作??? C. ended 以……結(jié)束?????? D. disappeared 消失。故選B。



3.【2021.3天津】
For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got??????1??????when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his??????2??????took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy??????3?????.
For Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing to do was??????4??????his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping, he found few available, which got him thinking: What if the??????5??????of bikes was Covid-19 related, and what if the person who'd taken his bike really needed??????6??????to get to work?
With that thought in mind, Pruitt??????7??????a plan and posted it on the community website. He??????8??????to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he would repair-again??????9?????. And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn't have the??????10??????to buy one.
The day the post went live, Pruitt received thirty??????11??????bicycles. Then came more than 500??????12??????for detailed information. By the end of 2020, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 for donation or to be??????13??????to their owners.
Pruitt tries to give his donations to families that are??????14??????struggling.??????15??????simply satisfying a material need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes.
In addition to??????16??????skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community.??????17?????, the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.
"It's a really great??????18??????for kids," said a neighbor in an interview with the local newspaper. "Pruitt is certainly providing a??????19?????, but it's not just the bikes. It's the relationships in the community. It's the??????20??????that he can make on people."
1.A.amazed B.mad C.curious D.frightened
2.A.emotions B.career C.opinions D.route
3.A.ever B.together C.instead D.yet
4.A.ride B.lock C.repair D.replace
5.A.lack B.variety C.increase D.quality
6.A.instruction B.qualification C.transportation D.permission
7.A.came up with B.stuck to C.gave up D.broke away from
8.A.remembered B.refused C.hesitated D.offered
9.A.by accident B.in advance C.for free D.on credit
10.A.profit B.budget C.courage D.excuse
11.A.shared B.used C.expensive D.modern
12.A.enquiries B.advertisements C.notices D.announcements
13.A.exported B.sold C.lent D.returned
14.A.hardly B.slightly C.truly D.instantly
15.A.Without B.Beyond C.Upon D.Among
16.A.practical B.commercial C.mathematical D.social
17.A.Otherwise B.However C.Somehow D.Meanwhile
18.A.promise B.celebration C.comfort D.experience
19.A.competition B.service C.ceremony D.suggestion
20.A.compromise B.impression C.impact D.progress
【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了Robbie Pruitt在自己的自行車被偷后，想出了給人免費(fèi)修車的計(jì)劃。他把這一計(jì)劃發(fā)布到了網(wǎng)上，主動(dòng)提出為有需要的人免費(fèi)修理自行車。他還想要一些沒人要的自行車，他愿意再免費(fèi)修理一次。然后他會(huì)把它們捐給那些真正需要它們但沒有預(yù)算買的人。他還教授鄰居的孩子們免費(fèi)修車，得到了鄰居的贊賞。
【解析】
1 ：B
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Robbie Pruitt承認(rèn)，去年9月發(fā)現(xiàn)他的山地車被盜時(shí)，他很生氣。A. amazed驚訝的；B. mad生氣的；C.curicus好奇的；D. frightened害怕的。根據(jù)第一段最后一句 "After letting go of his anger and frustration" 可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)車被偷，Robbie Pruitt當(dāng)時(shí)很生氣。故選B。
2 ：A
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意∶但很快，他的情緒發(fā)生了變化。A. emotions情緒；B. career事業(yè)；C. opinions觀點(diǎn)；D. route路線。結(jié)合后文"After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy"可知，Robbie Pruitt從生氣沮喪變成了同情，情緒發(fā)生了變化。故選A。
3 ：C
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意∶在放下憤怒和沮喪之后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己走上了同情之路。A. ever曾經(jīng)；B.together一起；C. instead相反；D. yet然而。結(jié)合上文 "he found himself on a road to sympathy" 可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的車被偷，Robbie Pruitt放下憤怒和沮喪，反而走上了同情他人的道路。故選C。
4 ：D
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意∶對(duì)于熱衷于騎自行車的Pruitt來說，第一件要做的事就是取代他被偷的自行車。A. ride騎車；B. lock鎖上；C. repair修理；D. replace取代。根據(jù)后文 "his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping" 可知，車被偷，Pruitt要買車來取代被偷的自行車。故選D。
5 ：A
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意∶但當(dāng)他去買自行車時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)幾乎沒有自行車，這讓他想到∶如果缺少自行車與Covid-19有關(guān)，如果騎他自行車的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. lack缺乏；B. variety多樣；C. increase增加；D. quality質(zhì)量。根據(jù)上文 "he found few available" 可知，商店里也缺少自行車。故選A。
6 ： C
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意∶但當(dāng)他去買自行車時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)幾乎沒有自行車，這讓他想到∶如果缺少自行車與Covid-19有關(guān)，如果騎他自行車的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. instruction指令；B. qualification資格；C. transportation運(yùn)輸工具；D. permission允許。根據(jù)前后文可知，Pruitt猜測(cè)偷自己自行車的人是因?yàn)榇_實(shí)需要交通工具去上班。故選C。
7 ：A
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意︰帶著這個(gè)想法，Pruitt想出了一個(gè)計(jì)劃，并把它發(fā)布在了社區(qū)網(wǎng)站上。A. come up with提出；B. stick to堅(jiān)持；C. give up放棄；D. break away from突然逃跑。根據(jù)后文 "a plan and posted it on the community website" 指想出了一個(gè)計(jì)劃，come up with符合語境。故選A。
8 ：D
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意∶他主動(dòng)提出為有需要的人免費(fèi)修理自行車。A. remember記得；B. refuse拒絕；C. hesitate猶豫；D. offer提議。結(jié)合后文 "?to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it." 指Pruitt提議為他人免費(fèi)修車，offer to dosth."主動(dòng)提出做某事”。故選D。
9 ：C
考查固定短語辨析。句意：他還想要一些沒人要的自行車，他愿意再免費(fèi)修理一次。A. by accident偶然；B. in advance提前；C. for free免費(fèi)；D. on credit賒賬。呼應(yīng)上文"fix bikes free of charge"他的修車都是免費(fèi)的。故選C。
10 ：B
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他會(huì)把它們捐給那些真正需要它們但沒有預(yù)算買的人。A. profit利潤；B. budget預(yù)算；C. courage勇氣；D. excuse借口。根據(jù)前后文可知，Pruitt捐車的對(duì)象是那些需要車但是預(yù)算不夠，買不起的人，but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明預(yù)算緊張。故選B。
11 ： B
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這一帖子發(fā)布當(dāng)天，Pruitt收到了30輛二手自行車。A. shared共享的；B. used二手的；C. expensive昂貴的；D. modern現(xiàn)代的。根據(jù)上文 "He also asked for unwanted bikes," 可知，Pruitt也回收不想要的二手車，所以在帖子發(fā)布當(dāng)天收到了30輛二手自行車。故選B。
12 ：A
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后就來了500多個(gè)詢問詳細(xì)信息的詢問。A. enquiry詢問；B. advertisement廣告；C. notice通知；D. announcement公告。根據(jù)后文"for detailed information"可知，此處指詢問詳細(xì)信息的詢問。故選A。
13 ：D
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：到2020年底，Pruitt已經(jīng)修復(fù)了140多件自行車，這些自行車要么捐贈(zèng)，要么返還原主。A. export出口；B. sell出售；C. lend借給；D. return返回、返還。結(jié)合后文'to their owners"指修好的車返還給主人，return符合語境。故選D。
14 ：C
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Pruitt試圖把他的捐贈(zèng)捐給那些真正生活困難掙扎的家庭。A. hardly幾乎不；B. slightly輕微地；C. truly真實(shí)地；D. instantly立即。此處呼應(yīng)上文"folks who could truly use them"指Pruitt的捐贈(zèng)都是給那些真正生活有困難的家庭的。故選C。
15 ：C
考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：在僅僅滿足物質(zhì)需求的基礎(chǔ)上，他為鄰居的孩子們提供了一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)如何修理自行車的機(jī)會(huì)。A. Without除了；B. Beyond越過；C. Upon在……上；D. Among在.……中間。結(jié)合后文"simply satisfying a materia need"表示"在僅僅滿足物質(zhì)需求的基礎(chǔ)上"可知，應(yīng)用介詞upon。故選C。
16 ： A
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意︰除了實(shí)用技能，Pruitt的課程還教授團(tuán)隊(duì)合作，鼓勵(lì)自我價(jià)值，促進(jìn)社區(qū)感覺。A. practical實(shí)際的；B. commercial商業(yè)的；C. mathematical數(shù)學(xué)的；D. social社會(huì)的。根據(jù)上文"he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes."可知，Pruitt為鄰居的孩子們提供了一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)如何修理自行車的機(jī)會(huì)，即教授他們實(shí)用技能。故選A。
17 ：D
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：同時(shí)，孩子們也有了一種成就感。A. Otherwise否則；B. However然而；C. Somehow不知怎么；D. Meanwhile同時(shí)。根據(jù)前后文語境可知，孩子們通過參加Pruitt的課程，學(xué)到了實(shí)用技能，同時(shí)還有了一種成就感，Meanwhile符合語境。故選D。
18 ：D
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意∶一位鄰居在接受當(dāng)?shù)貓?bào)紙采訪時(shí)說∶"對(duì)孩子們來說，這真是一次很棒的經(jīng)歷。"A. promise承諾；B.celebration慶祝；C. comfort安慰；D. experience經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)語境，參與Pruitt的課程對(duì)孩子們來說，是一次經(jīng)歷。故選D。
19 ：B
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意∶Pruitt當(dāng)然會(huì)提供服務(wù)，但不僅僅是自行車。A. competition比賽；B. service服務(wù)；C. ceremony典禮；D. suggestion建議。結(jié)合上文可知，Pruitt為人們免費(fèi)修車，還為社區(qū)的孩子教授如何修車，所以他提供的是服務(wù)。故選B。
20 ：C
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：而是他能對(duì)人們產(chǎn)生的影響。A. compromise妥協(xié)；B. impression印象；C. impact影響； D. progress進(jìn)步。根據(jù)后文"he can make on people"可知為短語make impact on"對(duì).……產(chǎn)生影響"。故選C。


二、2020年高考真題
1. 【2020·全國卷II】
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo,” whose real name cannot be 41 to the public because of Italy’s privacy laws, 42 working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As he often did, he stopped by the “after work auction(拍賣)” 43 by the Italian police where things 44 on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would look 45 above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.
When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he 47 the paintings with him. He hung them above the same table he had 48 from Turin. His son, age 15, who had 49 an art appreciation class, thought that there was something 50 about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed(簽名) “Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he 51 it, he only found “Bonnard,” a French 52 he had never heard of. He bought a book and was 53 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same 54 as his father’s painting.
“That’s the garden in our picture,”Nicolo’s son told his father. They 55 learned that the painting they 56 was called “The Girl with Two Chairs.” They 57 the other painting and learned that it was 58 Paul Gauguin’s “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.” The 59 called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were 60 and worth as much as $50 million.
41．A．a(chǎn)ttached B．a(chǎn)llocated C．exposed D．submitted
42．A．finished B．delayed C．considered D．tried
43．A．a(chǎn)ttended B．reserved C．cancelled D．run
44．A．shown B．found C．kept D．hidden
45．A．nice B．familiar C．useful D．real
46．A．battled B．debated C．discussed D．bargain
47．A．held B．left C．registered D．brought
48．A．chosen B．received C．ordered D．moved
49．A．missed B．failed C．taken D．led
50．A．concrete B．unusual C．unappealing D．natual
51．A．a(chǎn)ppreciated B．touched C．researched D．witnessed
52．A．painter B．designer C．a(chǎn)uthor D．a(chǎn)ctor
53．A．expected B．surprised C．a(chǎn)nxious D．ready
54．A．room B．kitchen C．hall D．garden
55．A．a(chǎn)pparently B．confidently C．eventually D．temporarily
56．A．owned B．borrowed C．sold D．stole
57．A．collected B．cleaned C．framed D．studied
58．A．suitably B．a(chǎn)ctually C．rightly D．specifically
59．A．girl B．a(chǎn)rtist C．family D．police
60．A．copies B．originals C．models D．presents
【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一個(gè)名叫Nicolo的人在拍賣會(huì)上以低價(jià)購得兩幅畫。后來他學(xué)藝術(shù)欣賞的兒子經(jīng)過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)這兩副畫可能來自著名畫家，他們打電話給意大利文化部，那兒的官員證實(shí)這兩幅畫都是畫家的真跡，價(jià)值至少5000萬美元。
41．C
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Nicolo完成了一整夜在Turin一家工廠的工作，他的真實(shí)名字因意大利的隱私法不能暴露給公眾。A. attached參加；B. allocated分配；C. exposed暴露；D. submitted上交。根據(jù)下文的because of Italy's privacy可知此處用be exposed to“暴露”符合語境，故選C項(xiàng)。
42．A
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Nicolo完成了一整夜在Turin一家工廠的工作，他的真實(shí)名字因?yàn)橐獯罄碾[私法不能暴露給警方。A. finished完成；B. delayed推遲；C. considered考慮；D. tried嘗試。根據(jù)上文的It was just after sunrise on a June morning可推測(cè)Nicolo剛在工廠里上完了夜班，即完成了一整夜的工作，故選A項(xiàng)。
43．D
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：像往常一樣，他順便去了“下班后拍賣”，這個(gè)拍賣會(huì)是由意大利警方進(jìn)行的，在火車上發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西賣給出價(jià)最高的競(jìng)標(biāo)人。A. attended參加；B. reserved保護(hù)；C. cancelled取消；D. run進(jìn)行。結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，拍賣會(huì)上需要有警察來維持秩序，進(jìn)行拍賣，故選D項(xiàng)。
44．B
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：像往常一樣，他順便去了“下班后拍賣”，這個(gè)拍賣會(huì)是由意大利警察管理的，在火車上發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西賣給出價(jià)最高的競(jìng)標(biāo)人。A. shown展示；B. found發(fā)現(xiàn)；C. kept保存；D. hidden隱藏。根據(jù)句意可知，此處是指拍賣的東西都是從一列火車上發(fā)現(xiàn)的，故選B項(xiàng)。
45．A
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在那里，很多其它東西中，Nicolo看到了兩幅畫，他覺得它們看起來掛在自己的餐桌上方會(huì)很漂亮。A. nice漂亮的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. useful有用的； D. real真的。根據(jù)下文的Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32$可推測(cè)Nicolo認(rèn)為這兩幅畫掛在自己的餐桌前會(huì)很漂亮，所以才會(huì)出高價(jià)買，故選A項(xiàng)。
46．A
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Nicolo和另外一個(gè)競(jìng)標(biāo)人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，直到Nicolo最終以32美元的價(jià)格贏得了這兩幅畫。A. battled競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；B. debated辯論；C. discussed 討論；D. bargained討價(jià)還價(jià)。根據(jù)上文的were sold to the highest bidder可知此處用“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”符合語境，故選A項(xiàng)。
47．D
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Nicolo退休去Sicily居住時(shí)，他帶上了這兩幅畫。A. held拿著；B. left離開，留下；C. registered注冊(cè)；D. brought帶來。根據(jù)下文的he hung them above the same table可知，Nicolo搬家時(shí)帶上了這兩幅畫，故選D項(xiàng)。
48．D
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他把它們掛在同一張桌子的上面，這張桌子是他從Turin搬來的。A. chosen選擇；B. received收到；C. ordered 命令；D. moved搬。根據(jù)上文的the same table可知，Nicolo搬家時(shí)也把桌子搬來了，故選D項(xiàng)。
49．C
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他15歲的兒子在上一門藝術(shù)欣賞課，他認(rèn)為那幅有一個(gè)年輕女孩坐在花園椅子上的畫是不尋常的。A. missed錯(cuò)過；B. failed失??；C. taken拿；D. led導(dǎo)致。根據(jù)句意可知，此處考查固定短語take classes“上課”，故選C項(xiàng)。
50．B
考查形容詞詞義辨析，句意：句意：他15歲的兒子在上一門藝術(shù)欣賞課，他認(rèn)為那副有一個(gè)年輕女孩坐在花園椅子上的畫是不尋常的。A. concrete具體的；B. unusual不尋常的；C. unappealing不吸引人的；D. natural自然的。根據(jù)下文的it was signed ''Bonnato'' or he thought可知，兒子認(rèn)為這幅畫可能是一個(gè)著名畫家的畫，故覺得它有些不同尋常，故選B項(xiàng)。
51．C
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：畫上署名Bonnato或者他認(rèn)為是這樣，但當(dāng)他仔細(xì)研究它時(shí)，他只發(fā)現(xiàn)了“Bonnard”，一個(gè)他從未聽說過的法國畫家。A. appreciated欣賞；B. touched觸摸；C. researched研究；D. witnessed目睹。根據(jù)下文的he only found ''Bonnard''可推測(cè)兒子仔細(xì)研究了畫，故選C項(xiàng)。
52．A
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：畫上署名Bonnato或者他認(rèn)為是這樣，但當(dāng)他仔細(xì)研究它時(shí)，他只發(fā)現(xiàn)了Bonnard，一個(gè)他從未聽說過的法國畫家。A. painter畫家；B. designer設(shè)計(jì)師；C. author 作家；D. actor演員。根據(jù)下文的a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard可知，此處用畫家符合語境，故選A項(xiàng)。
53．B
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他買了一本書，非常吃驚的發(fā)現(xiàn)里面有一幅藝術(shù)家Pierre Bonnard的畫，他坐在和父親畫里面一樣的花園里，一樣的椅子上。A. expected意料的；B. surprised驚訝的；C. anxious焦慮的；D. ready準(zhǔn)備好的。根據(jù)下文的sitting on the same chair in the same 54 as his father's painting可知此處用“吃驚的”符合語境，故選B項(xiàng)。
54．D
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他買了一本書，非常吃驚的發(fā)現(xiàn)里面有一幅藝術(shù)家Pierre Bonnard的畫，他坐在和父親畫里面一樣的花園里，一樣的椅子上。A. room房間；B. kitchen餐廳； C. hall 大廳；D. garden花園。根據(jù)上文的with a young girl sitting on a garden chair可知此處用“花園”符合語境，garden是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選D項(xiàng)。
55．C
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他們最終知道他們擁有的這幅畫叫做“有兩把椅子的女孩”。A. apparently明顯地；B. confidently自信地；C. eventually 最后；D. temporary暫時(shí)的。根據(jù)上文的he bought a book and was 53 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same as his father's painting可知，此處是指經(jīng)過一系列的對(duì)比和研究，他們終于從一本書上得知了其中一副畫的名字，故選C項(xiàng)。
56．A
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們最終知道他們擁有的這幅畫叫做“有兩把椅子的女孩”。A. owned擁有；B. borrowed借；C. sold賣；D. stole偷。根據(jù)上文的Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32$可知，這幅畫的所有權(quán)是Nicolo的，即他們擁有它，故選A項(xiàng)。
57．D
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們研究了另一幅畫，發(fā)現(xiàn)它事實(shí)上是Paul Gauguin的《Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog》。A. collected收集；B. cleaned打掃；C. framed制定；D. studied研究。根據(jù)上文的but when he 51 it可知此處用“研究”符合語境，research和study是同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選D項(xiàng)。
58．B
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他們研究了另一幅畫，發(fā)現(xiàn)它事實(shí)上是Paul Gauguin的《Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog》。A. suitably適合地；B. actually事實(shí)上；C. rightly正確地；D. specifically具體地。根據(jù)句意可知，此處是指他們研究了另外一副畫，事實(shí)證明也是一副著名畫家的畫，故選B項(xiàng)。
59．C
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這家人給意大利文化部打電話，官員肯定這些畫是原版，價(jià)值高達(dá)5000萬美元。A. girl女孩；B. artist藝術(shù)家；C. family家庭；D. police警察。根據(jù)上下文可知，此處是指Nicolo一家為了鑒別畫的真?zhèn)谓o意大利文化部打電話，故選C項(xiàng)。
60．B
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這家人給意大利文化部打電話，官員肯定這些畫是原版，價(jià)值高達(dá)5000萬美元。A. copies復(fù)制品；B. originals原版；C. models 模型；D. presents禮物。根據(jù)下文的as much as $50 million可推測(cè)，這兩幅畫都是畫家的原版，故選B項(xiàng)。
2. 【2020·山東卷】
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 21 . He learned the value and beauty of 22 there from a very young age.
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 23 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 24 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 25 , the number of snakes had declined as well. He 26 that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the 27 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 28 during the daytime. He turned to the 29 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 30 a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
31 young plants in the dry season was 32 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 33 of each sapling(幼樹)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 34 rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below.
Molai 35 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
21．A．dream B．job C．home D．choice
22．A．nature B．youth C．culture D．knowledge
23．A．precious B．interesting C．disturbing D．a(chǎn)wkward
24．A．waste B．tension C．pain D．damage
25．A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise
26．A．a(chǎn)greed B．realized C．remembered D．predicted
27．A．noise B．heat C．disease D．dust
28．A．directions B．partners C．help D．shelter
29．A．labor B．police C．forest D．finance
30．A．rebuilt B．discovered C．left D．managed
31．A．Decorating B．Observing C．Watering D．Guarding
32．A．tough B．illegal C．fantastic D．beneficial
33．A．back B．top C．foot D．side
34．A．cool down B．keep off C．purify D．collect
35．A．returned B．learned C．failed D．continued
這是一篇記敘文。Molai在印度的一個(gè)小村莊長大。16歲的時(shí)候，一場(chǎng)洪水導(dǎo)致他的家園遭受巨大損失。樹木的缺乏導(dǎo)致這些動(dòng)物失去了遮蔽物，很多鳥兒離開，蛇類數(shù)量減少。Molai決定改變這一切，他經(jīng)過努力，在附近找到了一個(gè)小島，開始種樹。在30多年的時(shí)間里，他的努力使1360英畝的天然土地成為許多動(dòng)植物的家園。
21．C
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:這個(gè)村莊位于一些濕地附近，那里成了他的第二個(gè)家。A. dream夢(mèng)想；B. job工作；C. home家；D. choice選擇。根據(jù)空前的second可知，他出生的村莊是他的家，村莊附近的一些“濕地”成為了他的第二個(gè)“家”。故選C。
22．A
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他從小就在那里了解到了大自然的價(jià)值和美麗。A. nature自然；B. youth青春，年輕；C. culture文化；D. knowledge知識(shí)。濕地展現(xiàn)了“大自然”的價(jià)值和美。故選A。
23．C
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:16歲時(shí)，Molai開始注意到他的家周圍發(fā)生了一些令人不安的事情。A. precious寶貴的；B. interesting有趣的；C. disturbing令人不安的，引起煩惱的；D. awkward尷尬的，笨拙的。該段后半部分提到:洪水侵襲，很多鳥兒離開，蛇的數(shù)量減少。這些情況都不正常，令人不安。故選C。
24．D
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:那年早些時(shí)候，一場(chǎng)洪水襲擊了這個(gè)地區(qū)，洪水造成的損害趕走了很多鳥類。A. waste廢物；B. tension緊張；C. pain疼痛，痛苦；D. damage損害，傷害。洪水侵襲這個(gè)地區(qū)，它會(huì)“損害”莊稼、樹木，這些都會(huì)導(dǎo)致鳥兒們離開。故選D。
25．A
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:此外，蛇的數(shù)量也減少了。A. Besides此外，另外；B. However但是；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否則。根據(jù)as well可知，洪水不僅導(dǎo)致很多鳥兒離開。而且，它還導(dǎo)致蛇的數(shù)量減少。故選A。
26．B
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:他意識(shí)到這是因?yàn)闆]有足夠的樹來保護(hù)它們免受炎熱的影響。A. agreed同意；B. realized意識(shí)到；C. remembered記住，記起；D. predicted預(yù)測(cè)。Molai“意識(shí)到”鳥兒離開、蛇類減少是因?yàn)闆]有足夠的樹木。故選B。
27．B
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他意識(shí)到這是因?yàn)闆]有足夠的樹來保護(hù)它們免受炎熱的影響。A. noise噪音；B. heat熱；C. disease疾??；D. dust塵土。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，樹木可以提供陰涼，從而保護(hù)鳥類和蛇類免受炎熱的影響。故選B。
28．
考查名詞D詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)然，解決的辦法是種樹，這樣動(dòng)物們就可以在白天尋找棲身之處。A. directions方向；B. partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C. help幫助；D. shelter遮蔽，庇護(hù)，遮蔽物。樹木可以給動(dòng)物們提供“遮蔽”。故選D。
29．C
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他向森林部門求助，但被告知那里什么也不長。A. labor勞動(dòng)；B. police警察；C. forest森林；D. finance財(cái)政，金融。根據(jù)前一句中的“The solution, of course, was to plant trees”可知，Molai想要種樹，所以他應(yīng)該向“森林”部門求助。故選C。
30．B
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，發(fā)現(xiàn)了附近的一個(gè)島嶼，他開始在那里種樹。A. rebuilt重建；B. discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；C. left離開；D. managed設(shè)法做成。根據(jù)前面的”looking on his own”可知，他自己去看，那么接下來就應(yīng)該是他”發(fā)現(xiàn)”了一個(gè)小島。故選B。
31．C
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:對(duì)一個(gè)孤獨(dú)的男孩來說，在旱季給幼苗澆水是很困難的。A. Decorating裝飾；B. Observing觀察到；C. Watering澆水；D. Guarding守衛(wèi)。該段后半部分?jǐn)⑹龅氖荕olai想盡辦法收集水的努力。再結(jié)合該句中的“the dry season”可知，在旱季給幼苗“澆水”很難。故選C。
32．A
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:對(duì)一個(gè)孤獨(dú)的男孩來說，在旱季給幼苗澆水是很困難的。A. tough困難的；B. illegal非法的；C. fantastic極好的；D. beneficial有益的。根據(jù)該段后半部分的敘述可知，Molai想盡辦法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，給幼苗澆水很“難”。故選A。
33．B
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:Molai在每棵樹苗的頂端都搭建了一個(gè)竹子平臺(tái)，在那里他放置了帶有小洞的陶罐來收集雨水。A. back背部；B. top頂端；C. foot腳；D. side一邊，一側(cè)。根據(jù)該段最后一句“The water would then drip on the plants below”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平臺(tái)應(yīng)該在每棵樹苗的”頂端”。故選B。
34．D
考查動(dòng)詞(短語)辨析。句意:Molai在每棵樹苗的頂端都搭建了一個(gè)竹子平臺(tái)，在那里他放置了帶有小洞的陶罐來收集雨水。A. cool down冷卻下來；B. keep off與……保持距離；C. purify凈化，使純凈；D. collect收集。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，陶罐是用來盛水的。由此可知，他將陶罐放到竹子平臺(tái)上“收集”雨水。故選D。
35．D
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:在接下來的37年里，Molai繼續(xù)種樹。A. returned返回；B. learned學(xué)會(huì)；C. failed失敗；D. continued繼續(xù)。根據(jù)后一句可知，他的努力使1360英畝的天然土地成為許多動(dòng)植物的家園。由此推知，在接下來的37年里，他“繼續(xù)”種樹。故選D。
3. 【2020·浙江卷】
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
I’ve been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years. I use a small tractor to get about. My dog Don always sits beside me in the passenger scat.
One morning I 36 a lost lamb when I was in the top field，near where a motorway cuts through my land. The lamb had become separated from its 37 , so I jumped out of the tractor to 38 it while Don stayed in his scat.
Lamb and mother 39 , I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This was so 40 because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out. 41 Don had somehow made the 42 move.
My heart froze in my chest as I 43 the tractor heading towards the 44 .I ran desperately but failed to 45 . It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. The 46 thing I saw was Don’s face, looking calmly back at me.
Heart in mouth, I 47 the fence and looked over. The tractor was 48 against the crash barrier in the central reservation, having miraculously(奇跡般地) crossed the 49 road with fast-flowing traffic. I couldn’t see Don, but as I 50 the tractor he jumped out onto the road, apparently 51 , and dashed back to me.
The police 52 and the motorway ran normally again. I couldn't quite believe my 53 it turned out no one got badly hurt, but the outcome could have been 54 .Don was given a special 55 that night—I didn’t want him thinking I was angry with him.
36．A．dropped B．spotted C．carried D．returned
37．A．kids B．friends C．owner D．mother
38．A．a(chǎn)sk about B．play with C．tend to D．run into
39．A．freed B．switched C．reunited D．examined
40．A．unexpected B．dangerous C．embarrassing D．difficult
41．A．Fortunately B．Generally C．Immediately D．Obviously
42．A．lamb B．vehicle C．seat D．fence
43．A．saw B．stopped C．remembered D．drove
44．A．crowd B．motorway C．field D．hill
45．A．take off B．catch up C．hold back D．get out
46．A．real B．best C．basic D．last
47．A．fixed B．noticed C．reached D．closed
48．A．resting B．running C．parking D．turning
49．A．sleep B．long C．rough D．busy
50．A．a(chǎn)bandoned B．a(chǎn)pproached C．recognized D．repaired
51．A．unclean B．uncertain C．unhurt D．unhappy
52．A．a(chǎn)rrived B．replied C．survived D．waited
53．A．a(chǎn)bility B．dream C．luck D．idea
54．A．common B．confusing C．desirable D．a(chǎn)wful
55．A．meal B．test C．job D．lesson
這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講了作者開車帶著它的狗去田地，路上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只和它媽媽走散的小羊。作者下車去照看小羊，把自己的狗留在了車上。后來，作者幫助小羊找到了媽媽，誰知竟發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的狗開著拖拉機(jī)沖到了高速路上。作者趕緊沿途追趕，害怕造成嚴(yán)重的后果。幸運(yùn)的是，最后沒有人受傷。這真是一個(gè)奇跡！
36．B
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一天早上，我在山頂?shù)奶镆袄锇l(fā)現(xiàn)了一只迷路的小羊，那里有一條高速公路穿過我的田地。A. dropped下降；B. spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)；C. carried搬； D. returned返回。下文說小羊和它的媽媽走散了，所以我是無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只迷路的小羊。故選B。
37．D
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：小羊和它的媽媽走散了，所以我跳下拖拉機(jī)去照看它，而Don還坐在它的座位上。A. kids小孩；B. friends朋友；C. owner主人；D. mother媽媽。根據(jù)下文Lamb and mother，可知小羊是和它的媽媽走散了。故選D。
38．C
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：小羊和它的媽媽走散了，所以我跳下拖拉機(jī)去照看它，而Don還坐在它的座位上。A. ask about詢問；B. play with同……一起玩；C. tend to照看；D. run into撞上。上文說小羊和它的媽媽走散了，所以可以推測(cè)出我跳下拖拉機(jī)去照看它。故選C。
39．C
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：小羊和它的媽媽重聚了，我轉(zhuǎn)過身去看拖拉機(jī)，卻看見它突然離開了我。A. freed使自由；B. switched轉(zhuǎn)變；C. reunited重聚；D. examined檢查。下文說我轉(zhuǎn)過身去看拖拉機(jī)，因?yàn)樾⊙蚝退膵寢屩鼐哿?，所以我才有心思去看我的拖拉機(jī)。故選C。
40．A
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這太出乎意料了，因?yàn)槲姨萝嚂r(shí)已經(jīng)拉上了手剎。A. unexpected出乎意料的；B. dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；C. embarrassing使人尷尬的；D. difficult困難的。上文說我看見拖拉機(jī)突然離開了我，下文說我跳下車時(shí)已經(jīng)拉上了手剎，所以這是讓人出乎意料的事情。故選A。
41．D
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：顯然，Don以某種方式使車子動(dòng)了起來。A. Fortunately幸運(yùn)地；B. Generally通常；C. Immediately立即；D. Obviously顯然。根據(jù)while Don stayed in his seat可知我跳下車，照顧小羊的時(shí)候，Don還坐在它的座位上。那么，很顯然，是Don以某種方式使車子動(dòng)了起來。故選D。
42．B
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：顯然，Don以某種方式使車子動(dòng)了起來。A. lamb小羊；B. vehicle車輛；C. seat座位；D. fence柵欄。根據(jù)I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me.可知我轉(zhuǎn)過身去看拖拉機(jī)，卻看見它突然離開了我。所以這里指的是Don開走了我的車。故選B。
43．A
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我看到拖拉機(jī)朝高速公路開去時(shí)，我的心都僵在胸口。A. saw看到；B. stopped停止；C. remembered記得；D. drove駕駛。下文說，我拼命地追，所以我是看到了拖拉機(jī)朝高速公路開去。故選A。
44．B
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我看到拖拉機(jī)朝高速公路開去時(shí)，我的心都僵在胸口。A. crowd人群；B. motorway高速公路；C. field曠野；D. hill小山。根據(jù)near where a motorway cuts through my land.和having miraculously (奇跡般地) crossed the…road with fast-flowing traffic.可知拖拉機(jī)是朝高速公路開去。故選B。
45．B
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我拼命地跑，但沒能追上。A. take off起飛； B. catch up追上； C. hold back阻止；D. get out出去。根據(jù)I ran desperately以及下文It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared.可知我沒有追上拖拉機(jī)。故選B。
46．D
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我最后看到的是Don的臉，它平靜地看著我。A. real真實(shí)的；B. best最好的； C. basic基本的；D. last最后的。Don平靜地看著我，這是我最后看到的事情。故選D。
47．C
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的心都提到嗓子眼了，我抵達(dá)柵欄，仔細(xì)檢查。A. fixed固定；B. noticed注意； C. reached抵達(dá)；D. closed關(guān)。根據(jù)and looked over可知我是抵達(dá)了柵欄。故選C。
48．A
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：拖拉機(jī)正靠在路中間預(yù)留地帶的防撞欄上，奇跡般地穿過了車流如水的繁忙道路。A. resting 倚靠；B. running跑； C. parking停車；D. turning轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。根據(jù)the crash barrier in the central reservation可知拖拉機(jī)是靠在路中間預(yù)留地帶的防撞欄上。故選A。
49．D
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：拖拉機(jī)正靠在路中間預(yù)留地帶的防撞欄上，奇跡般地穿過了車流如水的繁忙道路。A. steep陡峭的；B. long長的；C. rough粗糙的；D. busy繁忙的。根據(jù)fast-flowing traffic可知這條高速公路非常繁忙。故選D。
50．B
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我看不見Don，但當(dāng)我接近拖拉機(jī)時(shí)，它跳上了馬路，顯然沒有受傷，沖回我身邊。A. abandoned拋棄； B. approached接近;C. recognized意識(shí)到；D. repaired修理。下文說我的狗沖回我身邊，所以我必定是接近了拖拉機(jī)。故選B。
51．C
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我看不見Don，但當(dāng)我接近拖拉機(jī)時(shí)，它跳上了馬路，顯然沒有受傷，沖回我身邊。A. unclean不潔的；B. uncertain不確定的；C. unhurt沒有受傷的；D. unhappy不快樂的。根據(jù)下文no one got badly hurt可知我的狗沒有受傷。故選C。
52．A
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：警察來了，高速公路的運(yùn)行又恢復(fù)了正常。A. arrived到達(dá)；B. replied回答；C. survived幸存；D. waited等待。下文說高速公路的運(yùn)行又恢復(fù)了正常，可知是警察到達(dá)，處理了情況。故選A。
53．C
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的運(yùn)氣，結(jié)果沒有人受重傷，但后果可能是可怕的。A. ability能力；B. dream夢(mèng)想； C. luck運(yùn)氣；D. idea想法。我的狗駕駛著拖拉機(jī)上了車水馬龍的高速路，結(jié)果卻沒有人受傷，所以我不相信我有這么好的運(yùn)氣。故選C。
54．D
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的運(yùn)氣，結(jié)果沒有人受重傷，但后果可能是可怕的。A. common普通的；B. confusing混亂的；C. desirable令人向往的；D. awful可怕的。根據(jù)上文作者的極度擔(dān)憂My heart froze in my chest和Heart in mouth以及生活常識(shí)，動(dòng)物開車上了高速路，結(jié)果可能是非?？膳碌?。故選D。
55．A
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Don那天晚上被給予了一頓特別的晚餐——我不想讓它認(rèn)為我生它的氣。A. meal一餐；B. test測(cè)驗(yàn)；C. job工作； D. lesson教訓(xùn)。根據(jù)下文I didn't want him thinking I was angry with him.可知我不想讓它認(rèn)為我生它的氣，所以我給它提供了一頓特別的晚餐。故選A。

五、模擬演練
1、（湖北新高考9N聯(lián)盟2022屆高三聯(lián)考）
One time, I was with a bunch of strangers in India. I was giving a(n) 21 about our products when power went out. It was in a dark hall, and I was with two other workmates. We were so 22 because we had invited all these people here. It was a 23 talk. We couldn't do anything about it. Our microphone(麥克風(fēng)) was gone. There was no light. Everyone was sitting in 24 , and I couldn’t help but 25 , "Oh my goodness."
When the power went out, I felt like I should be in control of it, because I was 26 the event. While we were so embarrassed, we just kept 27 and talking in the dark, hoping people would stay. I felt it was really ridiculous because there were no windows and it was a dark hall.
All of a sudden, a man in the back put up his 28 , and put the little light from his phone on. Then two more people, then three people, finally the whole 29 came on, and everyone was 30 their light of their phone on us. It 31 the whole hall.
And so I got out my phone and took a 32 of everyone with their light shining at me. It was the most beautiful 33 —a feeling that we were all in this together. That was not anyone's fault, and we were just all here, 34 each other.
It was the most beautiful feeling of love from strangers I'd ever 35 .
21．A．concert B．presentation C．lecture D．instruction
22．A．frightened B．inspired C．embarrassed D．a(chǎn)nnoyed
23．A．public B．serious C．private D．superb
24．A．pleasure B．defence C．disorder D．darkness
25．A．resign B．sigh C．refer D．sign
26．A．hosting B．covering C．celebrating D．monitoring
27．A．setting out B．going about C．setting down D．going on
28．A．phone B．flash C．lamp D．light
29．A．students B．staff C．a(chǎn)udience D．workmates
30．A．bringing B．shining C．gathering D．dawning
31．A．faded in B．went into C．filled in D．lit up
32．A．picture B．charge C．comfort D．notice
33．A．spot B．friction C．scene D．facility
34．A．teaching B．supporting C．a(chǎn)ppreciating D．devoting
35．A．spread B．found C．expressed D．experienced

【答案】
21．B
22．C
23．A
24．D
25．B
26．A
27．D
28．A
29．C
30．B
31．D
32．A
33．C
34．B
35．D
【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者在印度進(jìn)行一個(gè)產(chǎn)品演示的時(shí)候突然停電了，觀眾們拿出手機(jī)照亮了整個(gè)大廳，這讓作者覺得這是作者經(jīng)歷過的最美妙的來自陌生人的愛的感覺。
21．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我正在做關(guān)于我們產(chǎn)品的演示，突然停電了。A. concert音樂會(huì)； B. presentation演示；C. lecture講座；D. instruction指導(dǎo)。由后文的“about our products when power went out”可知，我是正在做關(guān)于我們產(chǎn)品的演示，故選B。
22．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們很尷尬，因?yàn)槲覀冄?qǐng)了這么多人。A. frightened害怕的；B. inspired能力卓越的；C. embarrassed尷尬的；D. annoyed生氣的。由“because we had invited all these people here”可知，我們邀請(qǐng)了這么多人，突然停電后我們應(yīng)該是覺得尷尬，故選C。
23．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一次公開演講。A. public公開的；B. serious嚴(yán)肅的；C. private私人的；D. superb極好的。由前面的“It was in a dark hall”和“we had invited all these people here”可知，我們邀請(qǐng)了很多人，因此這是一次公開演講，故選A。
24．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每個(gè)人都坐在黑暗中，我忍不住嘆了口氣，“哦，我的天哪。”A. pleasure快樂；B. defence保衛(wèi)；C. disorder混亂；D. darkness黑暗。由“There was no light”可知，停電了沒有光，每個(gè)人都坐在黑暗中。故選D。
25．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每個(gè)人都坐在黑暗中，我忍不住嘆了口氣，“哦，我的天哪?！盇. resign辭職；B. sigh嘆氣；C. refer參考；D. sign簽名。由上文停電了和后面的“Oh my goodness”可知，此處表示我在嘆氣，故選B。
26．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：停電的時(shí)候，我覺得應(yīng)該由我來控制，因?yàn)槭俏以谥鞒诌@個(gè)活動(dòng)。A. hosting主持；B. covering覆蓋；C. celebrating慶祝；D. monitoring監(jiān)視。由上文的“I should be in control of it”可知，我是在主持這個(gè)活動(dòng)，故選A。
27．考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：雖然我們很尷尬，但我們還是繼續(xù)在黑暗中交談，希望人們會(huì)留下來。A. setting out出發(fā)；B. going about走來走去；C. setting down寫下；D. going on繼續(xù)。由后文的“and talking in the dark”可知，雖然我們很尷尬，但我們還是繼續(xù)在黑暗中交談，空格處為“繼續(xù)”，故選D。
28．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，后面的一個(gè)人把手機(jī)拿起來，把手機(jī)上的小燈打開了。A. phone手機(jī)；B. flash閃光；C. lamp臺(tái)燈；D. light光。由后文的“put the little light from his phone on”可知，那個(gè)人是把手機(jī)拿起來，把手機(jī)上的小燈打開了。故選A。
29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意： 然后又是兩個(gè)人，然后是三個(gè)人，最后所有的觀眾都打開了手機(jī)，每個(gè)人都用手機(jī)的燈光照我們。A. students學(xué)生；B. staff全體職工；C. audience觀眾；D. workmates同事。由“everyone was____10____ their light of their phone”再結(jié)合作者當(dāng)時(shí)在作產(chǎn)品演示報(bào)告可知，每個(gè)人都用手機(jī)的燈光照我們，因此是最后所有的觀眾都來了，故選C。
30．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意： 然后又是兩個(gè)人，然后是三個(gè)人，最后所有的觀眾都打開了手機(jī)，每個(gè)人都用手機(jī)的燈光照我們。A. bringing帶來；B. shining照耀；C. gathering聚集；D. dawning破曉。由“their light of their phone on us”可知，每個(gè)人都用手機(jī)的燈光照我們，因此空格處為“照耀”，故選B。
31．考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：它照亮了整個(gè)大廳。A. faded in淡入；B. went into進(jìn)入；C. filled in填寫；D. lit up照亮。由前面的“everyone was____10____ their light of their phone on us”可知，每個(gè)人都用手機(jī)的燈光照我們，因此是照亮了整個(gè)大廳，故選D。
32．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：于是我拿出手機(jī)，給每個(gè)人拍了張照片，每個(gè)人都用手電筒照我。A. picture照片；B. charge負(fù)責(zé)；C. comfort安慰； D. notice通知。由“I got out my phone and took a ____12____ of everyone with their light shining at me”可知，我拿出手機(jī)，給每個(gè)人拍了張照片，每個(gè)人都用手電筒照我，take a picture of為固定短語，意為“給……拍照”，故選A。
33．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那是最美麗的場(chǎng)景——一種我們都在其中的感覺。A. spot斑點(diǎn)；B. friction摩擦力；C. scene場(chǎng)景；D. facility設(shè)施。結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可知，此處是指大家用手機(jī)幫我們照亮大廳的場(chǎng)景。故選C。
34．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那不是任何人的錯(cuò)，我們只是在這里，互相支持。A. teaching教； B. supporting支持；C. appreciating感激；D. devoting奉獻(xiàn)。停電的時(shí)候觀眾用手機(jī)的燈照亮了大廳，這是對(duì)彼此的一種支持，故選B。
35．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這是我經(jīng)歷過的最美妙的來自陌生人的愛的感覺。A. spread傳播；B. found找到；C. expressed表達(dá)；D. experienced經(jīng)歷。由“It was the most beautiful feeling of love from strangers I'd ever”可知，這是我經(jīng)歷過的最美妙的來自陌生人的愛的感覺，因此空格處為“經(jīng)歷”，故選D。
2、（湖南省岳陽一中2021-2022學(xué)年高三測(cè)試）
Sitting in my school cafeteria, I looked around, slowly taking in everything. Student after student passed my 21 carrying that day’s lunch, but if you looked deeper, there was more to 22 . There was more than just the uniform they were wearing, or the way they had styled their hair. There was a lot more hidden under the 23 .
Catching the eye of a girl in my grade sitting at a nearby table, I waved 24 . She smiled weakly and then continued to pick at the spaghetti in front of her. If I hadn’t 25 recently that her mother was dying of leukemia, I would have never 26 anything was wrong and I may not have been as 27 and sympathetic, either. It suddenly 28 me that we judge others too quickly without knowing the whole story.
I have an incurable lung disease. No one at our school knows—I don’t show any noticeable 29 except for a few coughs. I go about my day like any other kid, 30 with the realization that I have a 31 and terrifying future.
Before that day when I decided to 32 the world with a new perspective, I 33 myself almost every day. I thought only about myself and my heavy 34 . But I’ve now realized no one is 35 —we just need to accept the way we are.
21．A．order B．room C．table D．cafeteria
22．A．imagine B．compare C．observe D．exchange
23．A．uniform B．rules C．circumstances D．surface
24．A．politely B．wildly C．coldly D．impatiently
25．A．found B．noticed C．heard D．decided
26．A．Remembered B．suspected C．predicted D．regretted
27．A．willing B．outstanding C．understanding D．demanding
28．A．escaped B．satisfied C．hit D．a(chǎn)ttracted
29．A．diseases B．symptoms C．complaints D．weaknesses
30．A．but B．a(chǎn)nd C．or D．so
31．A．bright B．real C．serious D．dark
32．A．tolerate B．create C．change D．view
33．A．forgave B．pitied C．challenged D．encouraged
34．A．debt B．reward C．burden D．schedule
35．A．Changeable B．perfect C．unique D．different

【答案】
21．C
22．C
23．D
24．A
25．C
26．B
27．C
28．C
29．B
30．A
31．D
32．D
33．B
34．C
35．B
【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要講述了作者對(duì)生活的觀察和進(jìn)行的反思，啟迪讀者要正確看待生活中的不幸。
21．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)接一個(gè)的學(xué)生走過我的桌子，端著那天的午餐，但如果你深入觀察，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)還有更多的東西要觀察。A. order訂購；B. room房間；C. table桌子，餐桌；D. cafeteria自助餐廳。根據(jù)上文“Sitting in my school cafeteria,”可知，作者坐在自助餐廳了吃午餐，所以此處指學(xué)生們路過作者所坐的餐桌旁。故選C項(xiàng)。
22．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)接一個(gè)的學(xué)生走過我的桌子，端著那天的午餐，但如果你深入觀察，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)還有更多的東西要觀察。A. imagine想象；B. compare比較；C. observe觀察；D. exchange交換。根據(jù)上文“but if you looked deeper,”可知，此處表示作者認(rèn)為有更多的有待觀察的東西。故選C項(xiàng)。
23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：表面之下隱藏著更多的東西。A. uniform校服；B. rules規(guī)則；C. circumstances情況；D. surface表面。根據(jù)上文“but if you looked deeper,”以及常識(shí)可知，學(xué)生的制服和發(fā)型都是表面的東西，深入觀察可以發(fā)現(xiàn)表面之下隱藏著更多的東西。故選D項(xiàng)。
24．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我被鄰桌一個(gè)同年級(jí)女生的目光所吸引，我禮貌地?fù)]了揮手。A. politely禮貌地；B. wildly瘋狂地；C. coldly冷冷地；D. impatiently不耐煩地。根據(jù)上文“Catching the eye of a girl in my grade sitting at a nearby table”可知，作者禮貌地給女孩打招呼。故選A項(xiàng)。
25．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我最近沒有聽說她的母親死于白血病，我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)懷疑出了什么問題，我可能也不會(huì)這么理解和同情她。A. found發(fā)現(xiàn)；B. noticed注意到；C. heard聽說；D. decided決定。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，此處指作者聽說了這個(gè)女孩家里的不幸。故選C項(xiàng)。
26．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我最近沒有聽說她的母親死于白血病，我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)懷疑出了什么問題，我可能也不會(huì)這么理解和同情她。A. remembered記住；B. suspected懷疑；C. predicted預(yù)測(cè)；D. regretted后悔。根據(jù)“. If I hadn’t　 recently that her mother was dying of leukemia”可知，此處指如果不聽說女孩的故事，就不會(huì)懷疑有什么問題。故選B項(xiàng)。
27．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我最近沒有聽說她的母親死于白血病，我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)懷疑出了什么問題，我可能也不會(huì)這么理解和同情她。A. willing愿意的；B. outstanding突出的；C. understanding理解；D. demanding要求高的。根據(jù)前文句意以及后文“and sympathetic”可知，此處指作者對(duì)對(duì)方表示理解和同情。故選C項(xiàng)。
28．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我突然意識(shí)到，我們?cè)诓涣私庹麄€(gè)故事的情況下，太快地去判斷別人。A. escaped逃脫；B. satisfied使?jié)M意；C. hit使突然想起；D. attracted吸引。It hit(s) sb that…“使某人突然想起……”是固定句型，符合句意，說明作者突然明白了這個(gè)道理。故選C項(xiàng)。
29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：學(xué)校里沒人知道——除了幾聲咳嗽，我沒有表現(xiàn)出任何明顯的癥狀。A. diseases疾病；B. symptoms癥狀；C. complaints抱怨；D. weaknesses弱點(diǎn)。根據(jù)語境及后文中的“except for a few coughs”可知，此處指一些不為人注意的癥狀。故選B項(xiàng)。
30．考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我像其他孩子一樣過著一天的生活，但我意識(shí)到我有一個(gè)黑暗而可怕的未來。A. but但是；B. and并且；C. or或者，否則；D. so因此。根據(jù)語境可知，前文“I go about my day like any other kid”和后文“with the realization that I have a ____11____ and terrifying future”是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選A項(xiàng)。
31．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我像其他孩子一樣過著一天的生活，但我意識(shí)到我有一個(gè)黑暗而可怕的未來。A. bright明亮的；B. real真實(shí)的；C. serious嚴(yán)重的；D. dark黑暗的。根據(jù)前文“I have an incurable lung disease.”和后文“terrifying”可知，作者意識(shí)到自己未來并不光明（是黑暗的）。故選D項(xiàng)。
32．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在我決定用新的視角看待世界之前，我?guī)缀趺刻於荚谧詰z。A. tolerate容忍；B. create創(chuàng)造；C. change改變；D. view仔細(xì)查看，把……視為。根據(jù)前文中的“I looked around”以及“but if you looked deeper”和后文“with a new perspective”可知，作者自那天之后，以一種新的視角看待世界。故選D項(xiàng)。
33．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在我決定用新的視角看世界之前，我?guī)缀趺刻於荚谧詰z。A. forgave原諒；B. pitied憐憫，可憐；C. challenged挑戰(zhàn)；D. encouraged鼓勵(lì)。根據(jù)前文“I have an incurable lung disease.”和后文“I thought only about myself”可知，作者只考慮自己，因自己的不可治愈的疾病而自憐。故選B項(xiàng)。
34．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我只想著我自己和我沉重的負(fù)擔(dān)。A. debt債務(wù)；B. reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；C. burden負(fù)擔(dān)；D. schedule時(shí)間表。根據(jù)前文“I have an incurable lung disease.”以及前句中“I pitied myself almost every day.”可知，在作者決定用新視角看世界之前，作者幾乎每天都可憐自己，應(yīng)該是把身患疾病看作沉重的負(fù)擔(dān)。故選C項(xiàng)。
35．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但我現(xiàn)在意識(shí)到?jīng)]有人是完美的，我們只需要接受我們本來的樣子。A. changeable多變的；B. perfect完美的；C. unique獨(dú)特的；D. different不同的。根據(jù)前文“I have an incurable lung disease.”以及后文“we just need to accept the way we are”可知，此處指每個(gè)人都不是完美的。故選B項(xiàng)。
3、（湖南省長沙市雅禮中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高三入學(xué)考試）
A year after he died. Benjamin Canlas' love of helping others lives on.
The Canlas couple created a foundation to honor their son and his 21 .Benjamin once saw a food seller riding a 22 bicycle, To help, Benjamin used his own money that he had 23 to fix it. After their son's 24 , his parents saw away to connect private donors with those in need to 25 their son.
In the Philippines, many jobs have been lost as a 26 of the coronavirus crisis.Many have had to take odd jobs in different people's homes, which 27 more traveling from one place to another. However, public transportation has been 28 .So many people must walk for hours to get to these jobs. Benjamin's parents had the idea to 29 bikes to help.
When the contest was announced, they did not know how much 30 there would be. At first, their plan was to donate 7 bicycles. But then they 31 more than 55 requests. At last, 27 people were awarded bicycles, which helped make their lives 32 .
Even if the contest ended, kindness 33 .The foundation said there were people still in need. It is planning more 34 to help more people while also 35 others to be kind and help others.
21．A．life B．kindness C．education D．bravery
22．A．second-hand B．traditional C．broken D．fashionable
23．A．saved B．lost C．stolen D．borrowed
24．A．birthday B．retirement C．death D．graduation
25．A．remember B．touch C．encourage D．disappoint
26．A．history B．cause C．record D．result
27．A．suggests B．stops C．means D．a(chǎn)grees
28．A．limited B．a(chǎn)rranged C．offered D．ruined
29．A．look after B．give away C．fix up D．search for
30．A．time B．investment C．value D．interest
31．A．a(chǎn)nalyzed B．offered C．received D．made
32．A．safer B．easier C．more colorful D．more meaningful
33．A．continues B．changes C．finishes D．a(chǎn)ppears
34．A．classes B．projects C．businesses D．competitions
35．A．forcing B．a(chǎn)llowing C．expecting D．inspiring

【答案】
21．B
22．C
23．A
24．C
25．A
26．D
27．C
28．A
29．B
30．D
31．C
32．B
33．A
34．B
35．D
【解析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了卡蘭斯夫婦創(chuàng)立了一個(gè)基金會(huì)來紀(jì)念他們的兒子和他的善意，以及希望這種行為能夠激勵(lì)其他人變得善良和幫助他人。
21．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：卡蘭斯夫婦創(chuàng)立了一個(gè)基金會(huì)來紀(jì)念他們的兒子和他的善良。A. life生活；B. kindness善良；C. education教育；D. bravery勇敢。根據(jù)上文“Benjamin Canlas' love of helping others lives on.”可知，此處表示本杰明的善意。故選B項(xiàng)。
22．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：杰明曾經(jīng)看到一個(gè)食品販子騎著一輛破自行車。A. second-hand二手的；B. traditional傳統(tǒng)的；C. broken壞的；D. fashionable時(shí)尚的。根據(jù)下文“to fix it”可知，破自行車才需要修理。故選C項(xiàng)。
23．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：本杰明，他用自己存的錢去修理。A. saved攢錢；B. lost丟失；C. stolen偷；D. borrowed借。根據(jù)上文“his own money”可知，此處表示自己攢的錢。故選A項(xiàng)。
24．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：兒子死后，他的父母設(shè)法將私人捐贈(zèng)者與那些需要紀(jì)念他們兒子的人聯(lián)系起來。A. birthday生日；B. retirement退休；C. death死；D. graduation畢業(yè)。根據(jù)上文“A year after he died”中的關(guān)鍵詞“died”可知，此處表示在他們的兒子死后。故選C項(xiàng)。
25．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：兒子死后，他的父母設(shè)法將私人捐贈(zèng)者與那些需要記住他們兒子的人聯(lián)系起來。A. remember記得；B. touch觸動(dòng)；C. encourage鼓勵(lì)；D. disappoint失望。根據(jù)上文“The Canlas couple created a foundation to honor their son and his kindness.”可知，此處表示為了記住他們的兒子。故選A項(xiàng)。
26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在菲律賓，由于冠狀病毒危機(jī)，許多人失去了工作。A. history歷史；B. cause原因；C. record記錄；D. result結(jié)果。根據(jù)下文“the coronavirus crisis”可知，此處表示由于冠狀病毒，許多人失去了工作。故選D項(xiàng)。
27．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：許多人不得不在不同的人家打零工，這意味著更多的人從一個(gè)地方到另一個(gè)地方往返。A. suggests建議；B. stops停止；C. means意味著；D. agrees同意。根據(jù)上文“different people's homes”可知，此處是對(duì)上一句話的解釋說明。故選C項(xiàng)。
28．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，公共交通一直受到限制，許多人必須步行數(shù)小時(shí)才能找到這些工作。A. limited限制；B. arranged安排；C. offered提供；D. ruined毀壞。根據(jù)下文“So many people must walk for hours to get to these jobs”可知，許多人步行是因?yàn)楣步煌ㄊ艿较拗?。故選A項(xiàng)。
29．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：本杰明的父母想出了贈(zèng)送自行車來幫助孩子的主意。A. look after照看；B. give away捐贈(zèng)；C. fix up修理；D. search for搜尋。根據(jù)下文“bikes to help”可知，此處表示捐贈(zèng)自行車。故選B項(xiàng)。
30．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)比賽宣布時(shí)，他們不知道會(huì)有多少人感興趣。A. time時(shí)間；B. investment投資；C. value價(jià)值；D. interest興趣。根據(jù)下文“27 people were awarded bicycles”可知，一開始他們的計(jì)劃是捐贈(zèng)7輛自行車，后面捐贈(zèng)了27輛，此處表示很多人感興趣。故選D項(xiàng)。
31．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但隨后他們收到了超過55個(gè)請(qǐng)求。A. analyzed分析；B. offered提供；C. received接收；D. made制作。根據(jù)下文“At last, 27 people were awarded bicycles.”可知，此處表示收到了超過55個(gè)請(qǐng)求。故選C項(xiàng)。
32．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，27人被授予自行車，這使他們的生活更輕松。A. safer更安全的；B. easier更輕松的；C. more colorful更多姿多彩的；D. more meaningful更有意義的。根據(jù)上文“helped make their lives”可知，此處表示他們獲得自行車后，生活會(huì)更輕松一些。故選B項(xiàng)。
33．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：即使比賽結(jié)束，善意仍在繼續(xù)。A. continues繼續(xù)；B. changes改變；C. finishes結(jié)束；D. appears出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“to help more people”可知，此處表示善意仍在繼續(xù)，會(huì)一直幫助需要幫助的人。故選A項(xiàng)。
34．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它正在計(jì)劃更多的項(xiàng)目來幫助更多的人，同時(shí)也鼓勵(lì)其他人變得善良和幫助他人。A. classes班級(jí)；B. projects項(xiàng)目；C. businesses商業(yè)；D. competitions競(jìng)賽。根據(jù)下文“to help more people”以及句意可知，此處表示計(jì)劃更多的慈善項(xiàng)目。故選B項(xiàng)。
35．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它正在計(jì)劃更多的項(xiàng)目來幫助更多的人，同時(shí)也鼓勵(lì)其他人變得善良和幫助他人。A. forcing強(qiáng)迫；B. allowing允許；C. expecting期望；D. inspiring鼓勵(lì)。根據(jù)下文“others to be kind and help others”以及句意可知，此處表示他們希望自己的行為能激勵(lì)其他人幫助他人。故選D項(xiàng)。
4、（江蘇省如皋中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高三測(cè)試）
The victims were carried in one by one, their paws and fur burned, suffering from dehydration(脫水) and fear. Their caretakers 21 their wounds, and 22 ?them in baskets with the only thing that was 23 －the leaves of eucalyptus (桉樹) tree. As miserable fires have 24 more than 2 million acres in Australia, only dozens of koalas have been 25 ?from the smoky trees and 26 ?ground.
Koalas, unlike kangaroos, birds or snakes, do not 27 ?from fires but instead climb trees to the top, where they can curl themselves into a ball for 28 ?and wait for the danger to 29 .
But during big fires such as those that have burned in recent weeks, the animals are far less likely to 30 . Even if the fire itself does not reach the tree 31 , the animals may overheat and fall to the ground, where they can be burned to death.
The tough situation of the koala has raised 32 ?among scientists and conservationists(環(huán)保主義者). While koalas have developed to exist alongside the wildfires, they are facing new 33 , not just from climate change but also from human development, which has dislocated koalas' populations, 34 ?their ability to survive fires.
We have these 35 ?animals not found anywhere else on this planet, and we are killing them. This is a big wake-up call.
21．A．touched B．treated C．ignored D．discovered
22．A．threw B．locked C．laid D．forced
23．A．familiar B．plentiful C．tough D．flexible
24．A．reached B．left C．burned D．trapped
25．A．killed B．recognized C．hurt D．rescued
26．A．deadly B．black C．broad D．safe
27．A．escape B．die C．suffer D．rise
28．A．balance B．protection C．a(chǎn)bortion D．comfort
29．A．a(chǎn)ttack B．come C．pass D．swap
30．A．jump B．climb C．fall D．survive
31．A．top B．leaves C．trunk D．root
32．A．passion B．concern C．fear D．interest
33．A．chances B．collisions C．neighbors D．threats
34．A．weakening B．developing C．enriching D．ensuring
35．A．shabby B．unprotected C．unconscious D．unique

【答案】
21．B
22．C
23．A
24．C
25．D
26．B
27．A
28．B
29．C
30．D
31．A
32．B
33．D
34．A
35．D
【解析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道，介紹了澳大利亞的一場(chǎng)大火造成許多動(dòng)物受傷，其中考拉傷亡嚴(yán)重，這次火災(zāi)警示世人保護(hù)動(dòng)物。
21．考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：它們的護(hù)理員處理它們的傷口，把它們和唯一熟悉的東西——桉樹的葉子一起放在籃子里。A. touched觸碰，接觸；B. treated對(duì)待，處理；C. ignored忽視，無視；D. discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)空后的“their wounds”可知，此處表示“處理”它們的傷口。故選B。
22．考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意同上。A. threw投擲；B. locked把……鎖起來；C. laid放置；D. forced強(qiáng)迫。根據(jù)空后的“them in baskets”可知，是把它們放在籃子里。故選C。
23．考查形容詞辨析。句意同上。A. familiar熟悉的；B. plentiful豐富的；C. tough艱苦的；D. flexible靈活的。根據(jù)空后的“the leaves of eucalyptus (桉樹) tree”以及常識(shí)可知，考拉以采食桉樹葉為主，因此桉樹葉是它們熟悉的東西。故選A。
24．考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：在澳大利亞，可怕的大火已經(jīng)燒毀了200多萬英畝的土地，只有幾十只考拉從煙霧繚繞的樹林和黑色的土地中獲救。A. reached到達(dá)；B. left離開；C. burned燒毀；D. trapped使……陷入險(xiǎn)境，陷入圈套。根據(jù)空前的“miserable fires”可知，大火燒毀了200多萬英畝的土地。故選C。
25．考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意同上。A. killed殺死；B. recognized認(rèn)出，辨別；C. hurt傷害；D. rescued營救。結(jié)合上下文語境和“only dozens of koalas”可知，此處表示只有幾十只考拉獲救。故選D。
26．考查形容詞辨析。句意同上。A. deadly致命的；B. black黑色的；C. broad寬闊的；D. safe安全的。結(jié)合上文“miserable fires”可知，土地被燒過了就變成了黑土。故選B。
27．考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：考拉不像袋鼠、鳥或蛇，它們不從火中逃生，而是爬到樹頂，在那里它們可以蜷縮成一個(gè)球來保護(hù)自己，等待危險(xiǎn)過去。A. escape逃脫；B. die死亡；C. suffer遭受；D. rise上升，攀升。根據(jù)空后的“from fires but instead climb trees to the top”可知，它們不是從火中逃脫，而是爬到樹的頂端。故選A。
28．考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意同上。A. balance平衡；B. protection保護(hù)；C. abortion流產(chǎn)；D. comfort安慰，舒適。根據(jù)空前的“curl themselves into a ball”可知，蜷縮成一個(gè)球是為了保護(hù)自己。故選B。
29．考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意同上。A. attack襲擊，攻擊；B. come來；C. pass通過，終止；D. swap交換。結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可知，考拉不會(huì)從火中逃脫，而是蜷縮成一個(gè)球保護(hù)自己，從而等待危險(xiǎn)過去。故選C。
30．考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：但是在重大火災(zāi)中，比如最近幾周發(fā)生的火災(zāi)中，這些動(dòng)物存活的可能性要小得多。A. jump跳；B. climb爬；C. fall落下，掉落；D. survive幸存，生還。根據(jù)下文“the animals may over heat and fall to the ground, where they can be burned to death”可知，考拉在火災(zāi)中生還的幾率還是很小的。故選D。
31．考查名詞辨析。句意：即使大火本身沒有燒到樹頂，這些動(dòng)物可能會(huì)過熱而掉到地上，在那里它們會(huì)被燒死。A. top頂部；B. leaves樹葉；C. trunk樹干；D. root根，根莖。根據(jù)上文“but instead climb trees to the top”可知，考拉會(huì)逃到樹頂，但即使大火沒有燒到樹頂部，考拉也可能會(huì)由于溫度過高而掉到地上。故選A。
32．考查名詞辨析。句意：考拉的困境引起了科學(xué)家和環(huán)保主義者的關(guān)注。A. passion熱情；B. concern關(guān)心，關(guān)注；C. fear害怕；D. interest興趣。根據(jù)空前的“The tough situation of the koala”可知，考拉的艱難處境引起科學(xué)家和環(huán)保人士的關(guān)注。故選B。
33．考查名詞辨析。句意：雖然考拉已經(jīng)進(jìn)化到可以在森林大火中生存，但它們面臨著新的威脅，不僅來自氣候變化，還來自人類的發(fā)展，人類的發(fā)展使考拉的數(shù)量發(fā)生了變化，削弱了它們?cè)诨馂?zāi)中生存的能力。A. chances機(jī)會(huì)；B. collisions沖突；C. neighbors鄰居；D. threats恐嚇、威脅。根據(jù)空后的“not just from climate change but also from human development”可知，考拉也面臨著新的生存威脅。故選D。
34．考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意同上。A. weakening削弱；B. developing發(fā)展；C. enriching充實(shí)，使……豐富；D. ensuring確保。根據(jù)語境和常識(shí)，人類的發(fā)展使考拉的數(shù)量發(fā)生了變化，削弱了它們?cè)诨馂?zāi)中生存的能力，故選A。
35．考查形容詞辨析。句意：我們有這些在這個(gè)星球上其他地方都找不到的獨(dú)特的動(dòng)物，我們正在殺死它們。A. shabby破舊的；B. unprotected未受保護(hù)的；C. unconscious無意識(shí)的；D. unique獨(dú)一無二的。結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，考拉是澳大利亞的國寶，是獨(dú)特的稀有物種。故選D。
5、（江蘇省如東高級(jí)中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高三檢測(cè)）
Nancy is a kindergarten teacher in Mason City. One day Camden, one of the 4-year-old boys in her class, came to her with a 21 about his dad, Derreld. Nancy's heart 22 seeing this little boy so 23 and upset. She promised Camden that she would do whatever she could to assist. He believed her and knew that she would keep her 24
The moment school was out, Nancy rushed to the 25 . She had done all the required tests and 26 all the necessary paperwork. Finally, she was given the 27 by her doctors, and she was told that she was a 28 match.
The day had finally arrived. The doctors that were 29 the procedure were the best transplant surgeons in the hospital. In fact, 30 the surgeons had done everything in their power for the procedure to be a success, there were no 31 . There was always that chance that it wouldn't work. 32 ， Derreld's body accepted Nancy's kidney (腎)?
A teacher's 33 is to teach the kids in her class information that will help them for the rest of their school career and life. However, this teacher went 34 her duty when one of her pupils 35 her.
21．A．gift B．secret C．note D．promise
22．A．pounded B．failed C．raced D．sank
23．A．sad B．excited C．curious D．a(chǎn)nnoyed
24．A．position B．state C．word D．balance
25．A．house B．playground C．hospital D．office
26．A．filled out B．looked through C．took down D．handed out
27．A．a(chǎn)dvice B．permission C．medicine D．refusal
28．A．worrying B．temporary C．perfect D．a(chǎn)bnormal
29．A．making B．using C．following D．performing
30．A．if B．even though C．the instant D．when
31．A．results B．rewards C．guarantees D．qualities
32．A．Fortunately B．Normally C．Initially D．Directly
33．A．expectation B．honour C．description D．responsibility
34．A．beyond B．within C．towards D．opposite
35．A．scared B．comforted C．trusted D．suspected

【答案】
21．B
22．D
23．A
24．C
25．C
26．A
27．B
28．C
29．D
30．B
31．C
32．A
33．D
34．A
35．C
【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了一位老師信守諾言，為自己的一名學(xué)生的父親捐腎的故事。
21．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天，Camden，她班上四歲的男孩之一，來找她，告訴她一個(gè)關(guān)于他父親Derreld的秘密。A. gift禮物；B. secret秘密；C. note筆記；D. promise承諾。由下文描述可知，小男孩的父親需要腎移植，小男孩把這個(gè)秘密告訴了老師Nancy。故選B。
22．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：看到這個(gè)小男孩如此傷心難過，Nancy的心情低沉。A. pounded連續(xù)砰砰地猛擊；B. failed失?。籆. raced和……比賽；D. sank下沉。根據(jù)常識(shí)和空后seeing this little boy so 　　3　　 and upset. 可知，得知小男孩父親的遭遇，并看到小男孩難過，所以Nancy的心情低沉。故選D。
23．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. sad悲傷的；B. excited激動(dòng)的；C. curious悲傷的；D. annoyed惱怒的。由下文 upset可知，空處需用sad，表示小男孩傷心難過。故選A。
24．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他相信她，知道她會(huì)信守諾言。A. position位置；B. state狀況，狀態(tài)；C. word諾言；D. balance平衡。由He believed her可知，小男孩相信老師會(huì)信守諾言。故選C。
25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：學(xué)校一放學(xué)，Nacncy就趕到醫(yī)院。A. house房屋；B. playground操場(chǎng)；C. hospital醫(yī)院；D. office辦公室。根據(jù)后文Finally, she was given the 　7　 by her doctors,可知，Nancy去了醫(yī)院。故選C。
26．考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：她已經(jīng)完成了所有必需的檢查，并填寫了所有必需的文件。A. filled out填寫；B. looked through瀏覽；C. took down取下，記下；D. handed out分發(fā)。根據(jù)空后all the necessary paperwork及下文做手術(shù)可知，手術(shù)之前應(yīng)簽署各種文件。故選A。
27．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，她得到了醫(yī)生的允許，并被告知她是一個(gè)完美的匹配。A. advice建議；B. permission許可； C. medicine藥；D. refusal拒絕。由后文Nancy捐腎的事情可知，Nancy捐腎的請(qǐng)求得到了醫(yī)生的允許。故選B。
28．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. worrying令人擔(dān)心的；B. temporary短暫的；C. perfect完美的；D. abnormal非正常的。根據(jù)下文Derreld's body accepted Nancy's kidney (腎)?可知，Nancy的腎與男孩父親完美匹配。故選C。
29．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：執(zhí)行手術(shù)的醫(yī)生是醫(yī)院里最好的移植外科醫(yī)生。A. making做；B. using使用；C. following跟隨；D. performing做，表演。根據(jù)the procedure可知，執(zhí)行手術(shù)的醫(yī)生是醫(yī)院里最好的移植外科醫(yī)生。故選D。
30．考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，即使外科醫(yī)生們竭盡全力讓手術(shù)成功，但也不能保證手術(shù)成功。A. if如果；B. even though即使；C. the instant一……就； D. when當(dāng)……時(shí)候。由下文“There was always that chance that it wouldn't work.”可知，即便配型成功，移植手術(shù)也不能保證一定成功。故選B。
31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. results結(jié)果；B. rewards獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，回報(bào)；C. guarantees保證；D. qualities質(zhì)量。根據(jù)后文There was always that chance that it wouldn't work.可知，不能保證手術(shù)成功。故選C。
32．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)地是，Derreld的身體接受了Nancy的腎。A. Fortunately幸運(yùn)地；B. Normally正常地； C. Initially最初；D. Directly直接地。根據(jù)后文Derreld's body accepted Nancy's kidney (腎)?可知，因?yàn)樗麄兡I配型成功，所以這很幸運(yùn)。故選A。
33．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：教師的職責(zé)是在課堂上教給孩子們知識(shí)，這些知識(shí)將幫助他們度過余生。A. expectation期待；B. honour榮譽(yù)；C. description描述；D. responsibility職責(zé)，責(zé)任。根據(jù)空后to teach the kids in her class information that will help them for the rest of their school career and life.可知，此處是在談?wù)摻處煹穆氊?zé)。故選D。
34．考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，當(dāng)一位學(xué)生“信任”她時(shí)，這位老師超越了她的職責(zé)。A. beyond超出；B. within在……里面； C. towards朝向；D. opposite在……對(duì)面。Nancy為男孩的父親捐腎，所以Nancy老師的付出遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了教師本應(yīng)承擔(dān)的責(zé)任。故選A。
35．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. scared使害怕；B. comforted安慰；C. trusted信任；D. suspected懷疑?？仗幮栌脛?dòng)詞trusted與第一段中的語句“She promised...He believed her...”相呼應(yīng)，升華了堅(jiān)守諾言的主題。故選C。
6、（山東省青島市2021-2022學(xué)年高三測(cè)試）
She is over a century old,but she hasn 't let that stop her from working.At 102,Romay Davis 21 drives herself to the grocery store each day for 22 .
Now,during Black History Month,Davis is being honored for her 23 with a grant（撥款）be named after her.Through the Romay Davis Grant Program,charities will receive 24 in the fight for racial equality and social 25 .Davis is 26 of the grant in her name as she is a pioneer herself.She served in the first all-Black Women Army 27 overseas during World War II.Then after the war,she started her 28 in fashion as a designer in model in New York for 30 years.Throughout her life,she 's also 29 other milestones including a master 's degree,Black Belt in Taekwondo（跆拳道）and more.She 30 for the first time in 1982.After her husband died in 2001,she 31 to go back to work and was 32 by the grocery store in Winn-Dixiein 2001 at the age of82.In 2019.Romay 33 her 100th birthday."As we celebrate Ms.Romay,we are all moved by her life-long 34 and strong work ethic（職業(yè)道德）,which 35 others to be their best,"said Anthony Hucker,CEO of Winn-Dixie,Southeastern Grocers.
21．A．often B．still C．skillfully D．yet
22．A．work B．shopping C．pleasure D．fun
23．A．jobs B．a(chǎn)ges C．stores D．contributions
24．A．criticism B．support C．benefit D．information
25．A．justice B．skill C．life D．development
26．A．fond B．a(chǎn)ware C．worthy D．sure
27．A．required B．rooted C．organized D．stationed
28．A．style B．career C．study D．a(chǎn)dventure
29．A．missed B．found C．planned D．a(chǎn)chieved
30．A．fought B．pursued C．retired D．failed
31．A．refused B．feared C．mentioned D．decided
32．A．hired B．met C．paid D．offered
33．A．celebrated B．passed C．interviewed D．employed
34．A．sympathy B．independence C．devotion D．dream
35．A．reminds B．inspires C．a(chǎn)dvises D．leads

【答案】
21．B
22．A
23．D
24．B
25．A
26．C
27．D
28．B
29．D
30．C
31．D
32．A
33．A
34．C
35．B
【解析】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了Romay Davis個(gè)人經(jīng)歷以及所取得的成就，她激勵(lì)著其他人做到最好。
21．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：102歲的Romay Davis仍然每天自己開車去雜貨店工作。A. often經(jīng)常；B. still仍然；C. skillfully熟練地；D. yet 但是。根據(jù)下文“but she hasn 't let that stop her from working”可知，102歲的Romay Davis仍然每天自己開車去雜貨店工作。故選B項(xiàng)。
22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：102歲的Romay Davis仍然每天自己開車去雜貨店工作。A. work工作；B. shopping購物；C. pleasure快樂； D. fun樂。根據(jù)下文“but she hasn 't let that stop her from working”以及“go back to work and was ____12____ by the grocery store in Winn-Dixiein 2001 at the age of82”可知，102歲的Romay Davis仍然每天自己開車去雜貨店工作。故選A項(xiàng)。
23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，在黑人歷史月，Davis因她的貢獻(xiàn)而受到表彰，一項(xiàng)撥款以她的名字命名。 A. jobs工作；B. ages年齡；C. stores 商店； D. contributions貢獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)“Davis is being honored for her”以及“she is a pioneer herself”可知，Davis因她的貢獻(xiàn)而受到表彰。故選D項(xiàng)。
24．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：通過Romay Davis贈(zèng)款計(jì)劃，慈善機(jī)構(gòu)將在爭(zhēng)取種族平等和社會(huì)正義的斗爭(zhēng)中獲得支持。 A. criticism批評(píng)；B. support支持；C.benefit益處；D.information信息。根據(jù)“Through the Romay Davis Grant Program”可知，慈善機(jī)構(gòu)獲得支持。故選B項(xiàng)。
25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：通過Romay Davis贈(zèng)款計(jì)劃，慈善機(jī)構(gòu)將在爭(zhēng)取種族平等和社會(huì)正義的斗爭(zhēng)中獲得支持。A. justice公平；B. skill技能；C. life生活； D. development發(fā)展。根據(jù)“racial equality”可知，慈善機(jī)構(gòu)將在爭(zhēng)取種族平等和社會(huì)正義的斗爭(zhēng)中獲得支持。故選A項(xiàng)。
26．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Davis 名副其實(shí)，因?yàn)樗约壕褪莻€(gè)先鋒。A. fond喜歡的； B. aware有意識(shí)的；C. worthy值得的；D. sure確定的。根據(jù)“as she is a pioneer herself”可知，Davis 名副其實(shí)。故選C項(xiàng)。
27．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，她在第一支駐扎于海外的全黑人女兵部隊(duì)服役。A. required要求； B.rooted根植于；C.organized組織；D.stationed使駐扎。根據(jù)“overseas during World War II.”可知，她在第一支駐扎于海外的全黑人女兵部隊(duì)服役。故選D項(xiàng)。
28．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：戰(zhàn)后，她開始了自己的時(shí)尚生涯，在紐約當(dāng)了30年的模特設(shè)計(jì)師。A. style風(fēng)格；B. career職業(yè)；C. study學(xué)習(xí)； D. adventure冒險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)“as a designer in model in New York for 30 years.”可知，，她開始了自己的時(shí)尚生涯。故選B項(xiàng)。
29．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在她的一生中，她還取得了其他里程碑式的成就，包括碩士學(xué)位、跆拳道黑帶等。A. missed錯(cuò)過；B. found發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.planned 計(jì)劃；D.achieved完成，獲得。根據(jù)“including a master 's degree,Black Belt in Taekwondo（跆拳道）and more.”可知，在她的一生中，她還取得了其他里程碑式的成就。故選D項(xiàng)。
30．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她在1982年第一次退休。A. fought打仗；B. pursued 追求；C. retired 退休；D. failed失敗。根據(jù)下文“go back to work”可知，她在1982年第一次退休。故選C項(xiàng)。
31．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：2001年丈夫去世后，她決定重返工作崗位，并于2001年在82歲時(shí)受雇于Winn-Dixiein的一家雜貨店。A. refused拒絕； B. feared 害怕；C.mentioned 提及；D.decided決定。根據(jù)上文“After her husband died in 2001”可知，2001年丈夫去世后，她決定重返工作崗位。故選D項(xiàng)。
32．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：2001年丈夫去世后，她決定重返工作崗位，并于2001年在82歲時(shí)受雇于Winn-Dixiein的一家雜貨店。A. hired雇傭；B. met見面；C. paid支付；D. offered提供。根據(jù)上文“go back to work”可知，她于2001年在82歲時(shí)受雇于Winn-Dixiein的一家雜貨店。故選A項(xiàng)。
33．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在2019年，Romay Davis慶祝了她的100歲生日。A. celebrated慶祝； B.passe通過；C.interviewed面試；D.employed雇傭。根據(jù)下文“celebrate”可知，Romay Davis慶祝了她的100歲生日。故選A項(xiàng)。
34．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們都被她畢生的奉獻(xiàn)精神和強(qiáng)烈的職業(yè)道德所感動(dòng)，她激勵(lì)其他人做到最好。A. sympathy同情； B. independence獨(dú)立； C.devotion熱愛；D.dream夢(mèng)想。根據(jù)下文“strong work ethic（職業(yè)道德）”以及上文“contributions”可知，我們都被她畢生的奉獻(xiàn)精神和強(qiáng)烈的職業(yè)道德所感動(dòng)。故選C項(xiàng)。
35．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們都被她畢生的奉獻(xiàn)精神和強(qiáng)烈的職業(yè)道德所感動(dòng)，她激勵(lì)其他人做到最好。A. reminds提醒；B. inspires鼓勵(lì)；C. advises 建議；D. leads引導(dǎo)。根據(jù)上文“we are all moved”可知，她激勵(lì)其他人做到最好。故選B項(xiàng)。
7、（重慶市2022屆高三入學(xué)診斷）
When my mother told me stories about Emily, her grandmother, who she admired, I was all ears. My mother drew a 21 between Emily and Jacqueline Kennedy, former US president’s wife. Mom described her 22 features: a long graceful neck and a tiny waist. “Emily was just like Jacqueline,” Mom said. “But their origins wouldn’t 23 : Emily was graceful, soft-spoken, but possibly born a slave.”
Emily attracted me. Not until 2005 did my research on ancestry really start to 24 , for the reason that I was no longer 25 . “When does your new job start?” asked my mother. “I refuse to take a job for at least a year,” I replied. My mother had no 26 with such words. “Anyway, you should have a job.” I remained 27 and didn’t explain it. But I felt I must 28 my job to collect more stories about my 29 .
I 30 my mother’s line to a place called Cane River. I found the bill of shameful slave sale for my great-great-great grandmother, who was 31 in 1850 for $ 800. I had to write the stories. This time the novel Cane River was sold in a（n） 32 way.
One day, the phone rang, “Hello, this is Oprah Winfrey, the talk show hostess.” I couldn’t believe my ears. I responded in 33 , “Hello, Ms Winfrey. What can I do for you today?” She told me she selected my novel for her book club, which 34 led to Cane River on The New York Times bestseller list and a 35 readership than I expected.
21．A．parallel B．diagram C．picture D．symbol
22．A．moral B．physical C．mental D．psychological
23．A．change B．repeat C．fit D．work
24．A．fall through B．heat up C．get across D．fade away
25．A．supported B．believed C．employed D．limited
26．A．luck B．problem C．a(chǎn)lternative D．patience
27．A．a(chǎn)ngry B．sad C．silent D．a(chǎn)ctive
28．A．leave B．a(chǎn)ccept C．choose D．introduce
29．A．Colleagues B．a(chǎn)ncestors C．partners D．kids
30．A．followed B．imagined C．recited D．directed
31．A．hired B．fined C．profited D．sold
32．A．Embarrassing B．glorious C．improper D．identical
33．A．horror B．difficulty C．a(chǎn)dvance D．surprise
34．A．finally B．a(chǎn)pproximately C．rarely D．potentially
35．A．smaller B．stricter C．broader D．worse

【答案】
21．A
22．B
23．C
24．B
25．C
26．D
27．C
28．A
29．B
30．A
31．D
32．B
33．D
34．A
35．C
【解析】這是一篇記敘文。對(duì)家族史的好奇驅(qū)使作者不顧一切地前去探尋，最終完成了《凱恩河》這部小說，且成為暢銷書。
21．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我母親把Emily和美國前總統(tǒng)夫人Jacqueline Kennedy相提并論。A. parallel相似特征；B. diagram圖表；C. picture圖畫；D. symbol符號(hào)。根據(jù)后文母親所說“Emily was just like Jacqueline”可知，母親在她的祖母Emily和前第一夫人的Jacqueline Kennedy之間找到了相似點(diǎn)，draw a parallel“找到相似點(diǎn)；相提并論”。故選A項(xiàng)。
22．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：媽媽描述她的身體特征：長而優(yōu)雅的脖子和細(xì)細(xì)的腰。A. moral道德的；B. physical身體的；C. mental智力的；D. psychological心理的。根據(jù)后文“a long graceful neck and a tiny waist”可知，母親描述她的身體特征。故選B項(xiàng)。
23．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“但他們的出身并不一樣：艾米麗舉止優(yōu)雅，說話輕聲細(xì)語，但可能生來就是奴隸?！盇. change變化；B. repeat重復(fù)；C. fit適合，一致；D. work工作。根據(jù)常識(shí)以及后文“Emily was graceful, soft-spoken, but possibly born a slave.”可知，Emily與Jacqueline Kennedy的出身并不一樣。故選C項(xiàng)。
24．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：直到2005年，我對(duì)祖先的研究才真正開始升溫，原因是我失業(yè)了。A. fall through落空，失敗；B. heat up加熱，升溫；C. get across把……弄清楚；D. fade away逐漸變暗。根據(jù)前文“Emily attracted me.”以及后文“But I felt I must ___8___ my job to collect more stories about my ___9___.”可知，Emily吸引了作者，使作者想要收集更多的故事，因此推斷，作者對(duì)祖先的研究開始升溫。故選B項(xiàng)。
25．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：直到2005年，我對(duì)祖先的研究才真正開始升溫，原因是我失業(yè)了。A. supported被支持；B. believed被相信；C. employed被雇用；D. limited被限制。根據(jù)后文母親所問“When does your new job start?”可知，作者失業(yè)了，不再被雇傭。故選C項(xiàng)。
26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我母親對(duì)這樣的話沒有耐心。A. luck運(yùn)氣；B. problem問題；C. alternative備選方案；D. patience耐心。根據(jù)后文母親所說“Anyway, you should have a job.”可知，母親對(duì)作者所說“I refuse to take a job for at least a year”，不贊同，沒耐心去理解作者的意圖。故選D項(xiàng)。
27．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我保持沉默，也沒有解釋。A. angry生氣的；B. sad傷心的；C. silent沉默的；D. active積極的。根據(jù)后文“and didn’t explain it”可知，作者沒有解釋和爭(zhēng)吵，而是保持沉默。故選C項(xiàng)。
28．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我覺得我必須離開我的工作去收集更多關(guān)于我祖先的故事。A. leave離開；B. accept接受；C. choose選擇；D. introduce介紹?；谇拔姆治隹芍?，祖先Emily的故事引起作者的興趣，她失去工作而不想馬上找工作，所以，此處指作者想要離開工作，去收集有關(guān)祖先的故事。故選A項(xiàng)。
29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我覺得我必須離開我的工作去收集更多關(guān)于我祖先的故事。A. colleagues同事；B. ancestors祖先；C. partners伙伴；D. kids孩子?；谇拔姆治隹芍?，祖先Emily的故事引起作者的興趣，根據(jù)前文“my research on ancestry”可以推斷，作者想要離開工作，去收集有關(guān)祖先的故事。故選B項(xiàng)。
30．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我跟隨著我母親的路線來到了一個(gè)叫凱恩河的地方。A. followed跟隨；B. imagined想象；C. recited背誦；D. directed導(dǎo)演。根據(jù)后文“my mother’s line to a place called Cane River”可知，作者追隨著母親的路線進(jìn)行實(shí)地探訪。故選A項(xiàng)。
31．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)了我曾曾曾祖母可恥的奴隸買賣法案，她在1850年以800美元的價(jià)格被賣掉。A. hired雇用；B. fined罰款；C. profited獲益；D. sold出售。根據(jù)歷史常識(shí)和前文“the bill of shameful slave sale”及后文“for $ 800”可知，作者的祖先作為奴隸被販賣。故選D項(xiàng)。
32．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這一次小說《凱恩河》賣得很好。A. embarrassing令人尷尬的；B. glorious值得稱道的，極好的；C. improper不誠實(shí)的，不正當(dāng)?shù)模籇. identical相同的。根據(jù)后文“She told me she selected my novel for her book club, which ___14___ led to Cane River on The New York Times bestseller list and a ___15___ readership than I expected.”可知，作者的小說賣的很好。故選B項(xiàng)。
33．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我驚訝地回答道：“你好，Winfrey女士……” A. horror恐怖；B. difficulty困難；C. advance前進(jìn)；D. surprise驚訝，驚喜。根據(jù)前文“I couldn’t believe my ears.”可知，作者很驚訝。故選D項(xiàng)。
34．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她告訴我，她把我的小說選進(jìn)了她的讀書俱樂部，這最終使《凱恩河》登上了《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》的暢銷書排行榜，讀者比我想象的要多。A. finally最后；B. approximately大概；C. rarely很少；D. potentially潛在地。根據(jù)前文“She told me she selected my novel for her book club”以及后文“l(fā)ed to Cane River on The New York Times bestseller list”可知，這是最終的結(jié)果。故選A項(xiàng)。
35．考查形容詞比較級(jí)詞義辨析。句意：她告訴我，她把我的小說選進(jìn)了她的讀書俱樂部，這最終使《凱恩河》登上了《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》的暢銷書排行榜，讀者比我想象的要多。A. smaller更小的；B. stricter更嚴(yán)格的；C. broader更廣泛的；D. worse更糟的。根據(jù)前文“l(fā)ed to Cane River on The New York Times bestseller list”可知，讀者比作者想象的要更多（更廣泛）。故選C項(xiàng)。

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