押新高考卷41—55題+完形填空之夾敘夾議（解析版）-備戰(zhàn)2022年高考英語臨考題號押題（新高考卷）-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

?押新高考卷第41—60題
完形填空（夾敘夾議）

夾敘夾議的文章是高考完形填空中最有難度的，也是最熱點(diǎn)的一類體裁。所選文章語言地道、寓意深刻、可讀性強(qiáng)。文章常常在平淡的敘述中蘊(yùn)含著深刻的人生哲理。此類選材傾向于注重短文本身的教育意義。作者首先敘述一件事，在敘述過程中或結(jié)束后發(fā)表自己的看法或由此事引出一個深刻的社會問題。文章的顯著特點(diǎn)是首句可能在傳達(dá)一個事件信息或透視一種社會現(xiàn)象，而后對此進(jìn)行高層次評價，或由此引發(fā)一種深層次思考，具有記敘與議論的雙重性，文情并茂，發(fā)人深思。解題時，應(yīng)借助上下文乃至全文的語境揣摩作者的心境，及其對各個角色、各個事件的態(tài)度。
（2）命題規(guī)律
1. 先敘述作者自己的某一個生活經(jīng)歷或見聞，然后針對這一事件發(fā)表自己對生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。
2. 作者先提出一種觀點(diǎn)或看法，然后圍繞這一觀點(diǎn)或看法用具體的事例加以說明，有時也可能是用幾個事例從不同的側(cè)面來說明。
3. 提出一種觀點(diǎn)或見解，然后用某一事例來闡述這一觀點(diǎn)，最后再進(jìn)一步地總結(jié)和升華。
此類完形填空三種結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)如下表：
1
事例—觀點(diǎn)
先敘述作者自己親歷或所見所聞的一件事情，然后針對這件事情發(fā)表自己對生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。
2
觀點(diǎn)—事例
先提出一種觀點(diǎn)或看法，然后圍繞這一觀點(diǎn)或看法用具體的事例來說明，一般是一個事例，有時也會用幾個事例從不同的側(cè)面加以說明。
3
觀點(diǎn)—事例—觀點(diǎn)
提出一種觀點(diǎn)或看法，然后用事例說明，最后再進(jìn)一步闡述或總結(jié)自己的觀點(diǎn)。

滿分技巧：
1. 研讀首句，明大意。
2. 具體語境，細(xì)識別。
3. 復(fù)現(xiàn)信息，找根源。
4. 邏輯關(guān)系，助推理。
5. 固定搭配，速答題。
6. 熟詞生義，巧推斷。
7. 生活常識，巧利用。
8. 情感態(tài)度，慎思量。
解題思路：
1. 細(xì)讀首句和尾句，把握前呼后應(yīng)為前提
2. 跳讀全文明大意，掂量整體局部要對應(yīng)
3. 邊讀邊填講策略，巧辨一空三句抓語境
4. 詞語入空通篇讀，關(guān)注上下文邏輯和語義
5. 語義語用講判斷，小心常用詞匯詭秘變（一詞多義）

Passage 1
（2021 ?山東高三一模）
Several years ago, a neighbor kid kicked a football and broke a basement window of my house. Due to financial problems, I ___1___ it up, thinking I’d get to it someday.
Over the years, I had planned to upgrade to energy-efficient windows. But with the frame (窗框) rusted (銹) and firmly ___2___ in the foundation, whoever did it would need to chisel (鑿) it out by hand. It would be a ___3___ process and there were six of those windows in the house. The cost was estimated at $15,000. It was simply ___4___.
Honestly, the thought of that window ___5___ me for years. I knew I needed to fix it, but I had built up the ___6___ so much in my mind that I put it off again and again.
Then I had a job change and needed to sell the house before moving away. But it was almost ___7___ to find a buyer if there was a broken window. So I pulled off the boards to face this thing head-on. I grabbed some rust remover, ___8___ it around the frame of the window, and gave it a pull. To my astonishment, it easily ___9___. I took the window downtown. It only cost me $12. I could have ___10___ the problem for only $12 when it occurred, but I let it bother me for five years!
___11___, this isn’t just about my window. Many of us live with broken windows of one type or another. They are things that seriously affect our ___12___ of life. If you recognize your broken window, don’t ___13___ to mend it. It may turn out to be ___14___ than expected. Usually we suffer more in___15___ than in reality.
1．A．tore B．made C．boarded D．packed
2．A．lost B．stuck C．buried D．mixed
3．A．brain-burning B．labor-consuming C．energy-wasting D．risk-taking
4．A．in a mess B．beyond control C．a(chǎn)t hand D．out of reach
5．A．went against B．relied on C．a(chǎn)te at D．a(chǎn)ppealed to
6．A．difficulty B．confidence C．confusion D．harm
7．A．shameful B．impossible C．pointless D．unfair
8．A．blew B．turned C．passed D．spread
9．A．broke B．fell C．moved D．missed
10．A．a(chǎn)ddressed B．ignored C．delayed D．considered
11．A．Luckily B．Consequently C．Unexpectedly D．Actually
12．A．quality B．pace C．way D．meaning
13．A．a(chǎn)ttempt B．guarantee C．hesitate D．pretend
14．A．easier B．tougher C．rarer D．worse
15．A．practice B．memory C．principle D．imagination
【答案】1．C2．B3．B4．D5．C6．A7．B8．D9．C10．A11．D12．A13．C14．A15．D
【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。作者講述了自己家的窗戶被打破后，沒有及時修理，但這個問題困擾他多年，最后發(fā)現(xiàn)只需要12美元就可以解決這個問題，因此告誡人們要及時修補(bǔ)生活中的漏洞，否則會干擾你的生活。
1．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：由于經(jīng)濟(jì)原因，我用木板堵住被打破的窗戶，打算以后再修。A. tore撕碎；B. made制作；C. boarded用木板蓋上；D. packed打包。根據(jù)上句“a neighbor kid kicked a football and broke a basement window of my house. Due to financial problems(一個鄰居孩子踢球，打破了我家地下室的窗戶。由于經(jīng)濟(jì)原因)”和下文“So I pulled off the boards(所以我拆下板子)”可知，窗戶被打破了，由于經(jīng)濟(jì)原因，作者只好先用木板堵住。故選C。
2．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是由于窗框生銹了，牢固地卡在地基里。無論誰做都必須用手將其鑿出來。A. lost失去；B. stuck卡?。籆. buried埋葬；D. mixed混合的。根據(jù)下文“whoever did it would need to chisel (鑿) it out by hand”可知由于窗框生銹了，牢固地卡在地基里，必須用手鑿出來。故選B。
3．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那將是一個費(fèi)力的過程，因?yàn)榉孔永锟偣灿?個那樣的窗戶。A. brain-burning燒腦的；B. labor-consuming費(fèi)力的；C. energy-wasting浪費(fèi)能量的；D. risk-taking冒險的。根據(jù)上文“whoever did it would need to chisel (鑿) it out by hand”可知，6個窗戶要用手鑿出來，這將是一個費(fèi)力的工作。故選B。
4．考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：那樣的預(yù)算我是夠不著的。A. in a mess一團(tuán)糟；B. beyond control失控；C. at hand在手邊；D. out of reach夠不著。根據(jù)上文“The cost was estimated at $15,000.”可知，作者由于經(jīng)濟(jì)原因，那樣的預(yù)算太高，他夠不著。故選D。
5．考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：坦率地講，窗戶的問題困擾了我多年。A. went against 違背；B. relied on依靠；C. ate at困擾；D. appealed to吸引，呼吁。根據(jù)下句“I knew I needed to fix it, but I had built up the _　　6　　_ so much in my mind that I put it off again and again.”和下文“but I let it bother me for five years!”可知，作者知道要修窗戶，但是覺得困難重重，一拖再拖。因此這個問題一直困擾著他。故選C。
6．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道要修窗戶，但是覺得困難重重，一拖再拖。A. difficulty困難；B. confidence信心；C. confusion迷惑；D. harm危害。根據(jù)下文“I put it off again and again”可知，作者覺得困難重重，因此一直沒有修。故選A。
7．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，如果窗戶破著，找到買主是不可能的。A. shameful可恥的；B. impossible不可能的；C. pointless無意義的；D. unfair不公平的。根據(jù)上文“Then I had a job change and needed to sell the house before moving away.”可知，由于工作改變，作者需要賣房。但是如果窗戶破著，找到買主是不可能的。故選B。
8．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我抓了一些除銹的東西，散布到窗戶的框架上，用力一拉。A. blew吹；B. turned轉(zhuǎn)向；C. passed通過；D. spread散布，傳播。根據(jù)上文“I grabbed some rust remover”和下文“around the frame of the window”可知，是將除銹的東西，散布到窗戶的框架上。故選D。
9．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：令我驚奇的是，窗戶的框架很容易被移動。A. broke打破；B. fell倒下；C. moved移動；D. missed錯過。根據(jù)下文“I took the window downtown.”可知，我將拆下的窗戶拉到市區(qū)。因此窗戶的框架很容易被移動。故選C。
10．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我本應(yīng)該當(dāng)問題出現(xiàn)的時候就去解決，但是我卻延誤了5年。A. addressed設(shè)法解決；B. ignored忽略；C. delayed延誤；D. considered考慮。根據(jù)下文“but I let it bother me for five years!”可知，我讓問題延誤了5年，才去設(shè)法解決。故選A。
11．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：實(shí)際上，這不僅僅是我的窗戶問題。A. Luckily幸運(yùn)地；B. Consequently因此；C. Unexpectedly沒有料到；D. Actually事實(shí)上。根據(jù)下句“Many of us live with broken windows of one type or another.”可知，我們許多人都忍受著不同類型的破窗戶問題。由此可知，實(shí)際上，這不僅僅是一個窗戶問題。故選D。
12．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那些是影響我們生活質(zhì)量問題的事情。A. quality質(zhì)量；B. pace速率；C. way路，方法；D. meaning含義。根據(jù)上句“Many of us live with broken windows of one type or another.”可知，我們許多人都忍受著不同類型的破窗戶問題。而這些問題影響我們生活質(zhì)量。故選A。
13．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你認(rèn)識到你的窗戶破了，要毫不猶豫地去修理。A. attempt嘗試；B. guarantee保證；C. hesitate猶豫；D. pretend假裝。根據(jù)上文“If you recognize your broken window”可知，如果你認(rèn)識到你的窗戶破了，要毫不猶豫地去修理。故選C。
14．考查形容詞比較級詞義辨析。句意：（及時修理的話）結(jié)果比預(yù)料的要容易。A. easier更容易的；B. tougher更困難的；C. rarer更稀有的；D. worse更糟糕的。根據(jù)上文語境可知，作者一開始由于經(jīng)濟(jì)原因不修理破窗，后來更是總想著修窗的困難重重，因此一直沒有修，五年后發(fā)現(xiàn)12美元就可以解決破窗問題，所以說問題出現(xiàn)時趕緊解決，結(jié)果比預(yù)料的要容易。故選A。
15．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：通常情況下，我們在想象中受到的苦要比現(xiàn)實(shí)中的要多。A. practice練習(xí)；B. memory記憶；C. principle原則；D. imagination想象。根據(jù)上文語境可知，作者一開始由于經(jīng)濟(jì)原因不修理破窗，后來更是總想著修窗的困難重重，因此一直沒有修，五年后發(fā)現(xiàn)12美元就可以解決破窗問題，結(jié)合“than in reality”可知，這里將想象中受到的苦和現(xiàn)實(shí)中的苦進(jìn)行比較。故選D。

Passage 2
（2022·重慶市育才中學(xué)一模）
A former student of mine is now a teacher at my high school. She walked by me in the ___16___ this afternoon and said with a smile, “Ms. Harris, I know you love our word of the week — integrity. I heard it on the announcements this morning and I ___17___ thought of you.” I replied, “Thank you, Pharen; that ___18___ me.” She went on to say, “I always ___19___ you talking to me about integrity and ___20___ and how important they were.” I ___21___ her again and she continued on down the hallway.
As I reflect on this ___22___, it brings a smile to my face. Of the many ___23___ that she could associate with me, the fact that she associated the word “integrity” is important ___24___ of my influence as an educator. I believe that she connected the idea of honesty and moral character with me ____25____ the example I have set with my life.
It calls to mind a popular quote — “Let us not grow tired in doing ____26____, for at the right time we will reap (得到) a harvest, if we do not give up.” I am ____27____ for a reminder today — when it seems that no one is ____28____ it — that the important values are being caught and ____29____ if I just keep “doing the right thing”. As a teacher, I know in ____30____ you cannot see the fruit of a day’s work. It is invisible and remains so, maybe for twenty years.
16．A．hall B．office C．gallery D．classroom
17．A．immediately B．casually C．rarely D．potentially
18．A．upsets B．pleases C．puzzles D．warns
19．A．catch B．forget C．keep D．remember
20．A．participation B．fortune C．character D．prejudice
21．A．comforted B．thanked C．believed D．encountered
22．A．interaction B．negotiation C．decision D．cooperation
23．A．colors B．interests C．words D．tastes
24．A．confusion B．proof C．exercise D．wisdom
25．A．instead of B．because of C．except for D．regardless of
26．A．little B．nothing C．wrong D．good
27．A．helpful B．faithful C．grateful D．delightful
28．A．facing B．questioning C．getting D．stealing
29．A．thrown away B．called off C．figured out D．passed on
30．A．teaching B．science C．economy D．communication

16．A
17．A
18．B
19．D
20．C
21．B
22．A
23．C
24．B
25．B
26．D
27．C
28．C
29．D
30．A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述了作者昔日的一位學(xué)生成了自己的同事，一天，兩人在走廊上相遇，作者的學(xué)生說起早上在報告中聽到“誠實(shí)正直”一詞時，瞬間聯(lián)想到了作者，回想起作者總是談及誠實(shí)正直與品格的重要性。這次互動也提醒了作者只要自己堅持去做對的事，這些重要的價值觀總會被理解并且傳遞下去。
16．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：今天下午，她在走廊里從我身邊走過，微笑著說：“Harris女士，我知道你喜歡我們本周的關(guān)鍵詞——正直?！盇. hall走廊；B. office辦公室；C. gallery畫廊；D. classroom教室。根據(jù)上文“A former student of mine is now a teacher at my high school.”以及下文“her again and she continued on down the hallway”可推知，此處指兩人是在學(xué)校的走廊相遇的。固定搭配“walk by sb.”意為“從某人身旁走過”。故選A項(xiàng)。
17．
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我今早在廣播里聽到了它，立刻就想到了你。A. immediately立即；B. casually偶然地；C. rarely稀少地；D. potentially潛在地。根據(jù)下文“talking to me about integrity and ___5___ and how important they were”可推知，此處指作者以前向她講過誠實(shí)正直的重要性，所以聽到這個詞，她立馬想到了作者。故選A項(xiàng)。
18．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我回答說：“謝謝你，Pharen，我很高興?！盇. upsets使煩惱；B. pleases使愉悅；C. puzzles使困惑；D. warns使警惕。根據(jù)上文“I heard it on the announcements this morning and I immediately thought of you.”以及下文“it brings a smile to my face”可推知，此處指作者的學(xué)生聽到“誠實(shí)正直”就馬上想起她，這件事自然讓作者很高興。故選B項(xiàng)。
19．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她接著說：“我永遠(yuǎn)記得您對我講誠實(shí)正直與品質(zhì)，以及它們的重要性?！盇. catch抓?。籅. forget忘記；C. keep保持；D. remember記得。根據(jù)上文“I immediately thought of you”以及下文“talking to me about integrity”可推知，此處指Pharen對作者以前談?wù)摰年P(guān)于誠實(shí)和正直的價值觀記憶深刻。固定搭配“remember sb. doing sth.”意為“記得某人做過某事”。故選D項(xiàng)。
20．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她接著說：“我永遠(yuǎn)記得您對我講誠實(shí)正直與品質(zhì)，以及它們的重要性?！盇. participation參與；B. fortune財富；C. character品質(zhì)；D. prejudice偏見。根據(jù)上文“you talking to me about integrity”以及下文“I believe that she connected the idea of honesty and moral character with me”可推知，此處指Pharen記得作者跟她強(qiáng)調(diào)過誠實(shí)正直與品質(zhì)的重要性。故選C項(xiàng)。
21．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我再次謝過她之后，她沿著走廊繼續(xù)往前走。A. comforted安慰；B. thanked感謝；C. believed相信；D. encountered遭遇。根據(jù)上文“Thank you, Pharen”以及下文“again”可推知，此處指作者再次感謝了Pharen。故選B項(xiàng)。
22．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我回想起這種交流時，我的臉上露出了笑容。A. interaction交流；B. negotiation談判；C. decision決定；D. cooperation合作。根據(jù)上文“I reflect on this”以及下文“it brings a smile to my face”可推知，此處指作者回想起她與Pharen之間的這次交流，十分高興。故選A項(xiàng)。
23．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在她能聯(lián)想到我的許多詞中，她聯(lián)想到“正直”這個詞，這是我作為一名教育工作者有影響力的重要證明。A. colors顏色；B. interests興趣；C. words詞語；D. tastes口味。根據(jù)上文“I heard it on the announcements this morning and I immediately thought of you.”以及下文“the fact that she associated the word “integrity””可推知，此處指作者之前的學(xué)生Pharen在許多詞語中選擇把“誠實(shí)正直”這個詞和作者聯(lián)想到一起。故選C項(xiàng)。
24．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在她能聯(lián)想到我的許多詞中，她聯(lián)想到“正直”這個詞，這是我作為一名教育工作者有影響力的重要證明。A. confusion混亂；B. proof證明；C. exercise運(yùn)動；D. wisdom智慧。根據(jù)上文“Of the many words that she could associate with me, the fact that she associated the word “integrity” is important”以及下文“of my influence as an educator”可推知，此處指作者的學(xué)生通過“誠實(shí)正直”這個詞語聯(lián)想起作者，這可以證明作者作為一個教育工作者的影響力。故選B項(xiàng)。
25．
考查介詞短語辨析。句意：我相信她將誠實(shí)和道德品質(zhì)的理念與我聯(lián)系在一起，是因?yàn)槲以谏钪袠淞⒘税駱?。A. instead of代替、而不是；B. because of因?yàn)?；C. except for除了；D. regardless of不管。根據(jù)上文“I believe that she connected the idea of honesty and moral character with me”以及下文“the example I have set with my life”可推知，設(shè)空處上下文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，即作者相信Pharen之所以建立起這種聯(lián)想是由于作者自己在生活中就秉承著這樣的價值觀念，樹立起了榜樣。故選B項(xiàng)。
26．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它讓人想到一句流行語：“我們在行善時不要感到厭倦，倘若我們不放棄，在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r刻就會得到收獲?！盇. little一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)；B. nothing沒有什么東西；C. wrong不義行為；D. good善行。根據(jù)下文“for at the right time we will reap a harvest, if we do not give up”以及“doing the right thing”可推知，此處指的應(yīng)是行善、做有益的事，good用作名詞，表示“善行”。故選D項(xiàng)。
27．
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很感激今天有人提醒我——當(dāng)看似沒有人理解的時候——如果我繼續(xù)“做正確的事”，重要的價值觀就會被領(lǐng)會并傳遞下去。A. helpful有幫助的；B. faithful忠誠的；C. grateful感激的；D. delightful令人愉快的。根據(jù)上文“I believe that she connected the idea of honesty and moral character with me because of the example I have set with my life.”以及下文“for a reminder today”可推知，此處指今天發(fā)生的事引起了作者的思考，讓作者有所感悟，作者感激今天發(fā)生的這樣一件給作者以提醒的事。故選C項(xiàng)。
28．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我很感激今天有人提醒我——當(dāng)看似沒有人理解的時候——如果我繼續(xù)“做正確的事”，重要的價值觀就會被領(lǐng)會并傳遞下去。A. facing面對；B. questioning質(zhì)詢；C. getting理解；D. stealing偷竊。根據(jù)下文“that the important values are being caught”以及“if I just keep “doing the right thing””可推知，此處指當(dāng)看似沒有人理解的時候，如果作者繼續(xù)“做正確的事”，就會有人領(lǐng)會她重要的價值觀。故選C項(xiàng)。
29．
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我很感激今天有人提醒我——當(dāng)看似沒有人理解的時候——如果我繼續(xù)“做正確的事”，重要的價值觀就會被領(lǐng)會并傳遞下去。A. thrown away扔掉；B. called off取消；C. figured out理解；D. passed on傳遞。根據(jù)上文“the important values are being caught”以及下文“if I just keep “doing the right thing””可推知，設(shè)空處與上文構(gòu)成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，此處指在作者的堅持下，這些重要的價值觀正在被理解并傳遞下去。故選D項(xiàng)。
30．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：身為一名老師，我知道在教學(xué)工作中，你無法看到一天的工作成果。A. teaching教學(xué)； B. science科學(xué)；C. economy經(jīng)濟(jì)；D. communication表達(dá)。根據(jù)上文“As a teacher”以及下文“a day’s work”可推知，此處指作者身為老師的工作——教學(xué)。故選A項(xiàng)。

Passage 1【2022屆遼寧省凌源市高三下學(xué)期開學(xué)】
When my daughter was very young, she broke my favorite cup. She was moving it aside, and it slipped from her hand and broke on the floor. I loved that cup and was really____1____, but of course I didn’t____2____her. It was an accident. She didn't mean to drop it. Intentions matter. Or do they?
I can’t help but feel that our modern world doesn’t care for intentions. We are all so ready to find____3____with another person and so concerned with our own____4____that we don't consider the intentions of others.
There are endless opportunities to be____5____these days in the celebrity news cycle, in politics and in our own interpersonal interactions. Every single day, someone is____6____on social media for something they have said or done.
A friend of mine says, “It’s not how the message is intended; it’s how it’s received.” He means that we need to be careful when considering our words because they can____7____be misinterpreted by the person we are____8____.
We all at times express ourselves____9____, make errors of_____10_____or have a moment of carelessness when we say the wrong thing. All of us have_____11_____someone at some point in our lives. The Internet is full of people seeking to make things worse. But there are also many decent people who occasionally get things_____12_____or simply do not know better.
I get that there is much to be angry about. The world is full of_____13_____. The actions and words of other people can cause harm; _____14_____, the actions and words of other people matter.
But intention has to matter, too, for us to make sense of the world, and for us to effect change. Understanding intentions can help us to feel better about our fellow humans. When we appreciate intent(意圖), it can help to lessen the_____15_____of their message.
1．A．a(chǎn)shamed B．frightened C．puzzled D．disappointed
2．A．punish B．consult C．comfort D．forgive
3．A．fault B．quality C．trust D．failure
4．A．character B．hobby C．habit D．response
5．A．doubtful B．touched C．upset D．thrilled
6．A．taken over B．taken on C．torn down D．torn apart
7．A．primarily B．easily C．gradually D．suddenly
8．A．a(chǎn)ddressing B．persuading C．a(chǎn)ppointing D．a(chǎn)nalyzing
9．A．fully B．honestly C．poorly D．reasonably
10．A．skill B．relationship C．statistics D．judgement
11．A．offended B．instructed C．excused D．reminded
12．A．complex B．valuable C．wrong D．special
13．A．challenge B．beauty C．a(chǎn)mbition D．injustice
14．A．instead B．therefore C．however D．otherwise
15．A．impact B．significance C．meaning D．function
【答案】1．D2．A3．A4．D5．C6．D7．B8．A9．C10．D11．A12．C13．D14．B15．A
【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要講述了作者的女兒不小心打碎作者心愛的杯子，但是作者并沒有因此懲罰她。作者也從中領(lǐng)悟到做某件事的意圖很重要，對于任何事情你只要懷著欣賞、贊美的心態(tài)，事情就沒有那么糟糕。
1．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很喜歡那個杯子，也很失望，但當(dāng)然我沒有懲罰她。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. frightened害怕的；C. puzzled困惑的；D. disappointed失望的。根據(jù)上文“I loved that cup ”可知，作者心愛的杯子被打破了，因此是很失望。故選D。
2．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我很喜歡那個杯子，也很失望，但當(dāng)然我沒有懲罰她。A. punish懲罰；B. consult咨詢；C. comfort安慰；D. forgive原諒。根據(jù)上文“but of course I didn’t”可知女兒把自己喜歡的杯子打破了，但是作者沒有懲罰她。故選A。
3．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們總是動不動就挑別人的毛病，只顧自己的反應(yīng)，而不去考慮別人的意圖。A. fault錯誤；B. quality質(zhì)量；C. trust信任；D. failure失敗。后文提到的有人在社交媒體上因?yàn)樽约赫f過的話或做過的事而被撕成碎片和“The Internet is full of people seeking to make things worse. ”可推知，如今的人喜歡挑別人的錯處，故選A。
4．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們總是動不動就挑別人的毛病，只顧自己的反應(yīng)，而不去考慮別人的意圖。A. character性格；B. hobby愛好；C. habit習(xí)慣；D. response回應(yīng)，反應(yīng)。根據(jù)前后文“so concerned with our own … that we don’t consider the intentions of others”可知，so…that…表示“如此……以至于……”，說明人們太過在乎自己的反應(yīng)，而不去考慮別人的意圖。故選D。
5．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如今，在名人新聞、政治以及我們自己的人際交往中，有無數(shù)的機(jī)會讓人感到沮喪。A. doubtful懷疑的；B. touched感動的；C. upset沮喪的；D. thrilled激動的。結(jié)合上文“we don’t consider the intentions of others”推知，在人際交往中，遇到這種情況總是會讓人感到沮喪。故選C。
6．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：每一天，都有人在社交媒體上因?yàn)樽约赫f過的話或做過的事而被撕成碎片。A. taken over接管；B. taken on呈現(xiàn)；C. turned down關(guān)?。籇. torn apart撕碎。結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可知，現(xiàn)在的人動不動就喜歡挑別人的毛病，不考慮別人的感受，所以有人在社交媒體上因?yàn)樽约赫f過的話或做過的事而被人們攻擊，即撕成碎片。故選D。
7．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他的意思是，我們在考慮自己的話時要小心，因?yàn)檫@些話很容易被對方誤解。A. primarily首先；B. easily容易地；C. gradually逐漸地；D. suddenly突然。結(jié)合上文“we need to be careful when considering our words ”可知，說話要小心，是因?yàn)檫@些話容易被對方誤解。故選B。
8．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他的意思是，我們在考慮自己的話時要小心，因?yàn)檫@些話很容易被對方誤解。A. addressing致詞，說話；B. persuading說服；C. appointing任命；D. analyzing分析。根據(jù)上文“when considering our words”可知指在說話時，要仔細(xì)考慮自己的話是對誰說，不然很容易被誤解，故選A。
9．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我們每個人都有表達(dá)能力差、判斷錯誤或說錯話粗心大意的時候。A. fully充分地；B. honestly真誠地；C. poorly差地；D. reasonably合理地。根據(jù)后文“make errors of”以及“when we say the wrong thing”可知，本句是在列舉我們表達(dá)能力差、判斷錯誤或說錯話的情況。故選C。
10．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們每個人都有表達(dá)能力差、判斷錯誤或說錯話粗心大意的時候。A. skill技能；B. relationship關(guān)系；C. statistics統(tǒng)計（學(xué)）；D. judgement判斷。根據(jù)上文“make errors of”可知此處指人際交往中判斷出錯的情況，judgement符合語境。故選D。
11．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們每個人都在生活中得罪過別人。A. offended冒犯；B. instructed指示；C. excused赦免；D. reminded提醒。上文提到了表達(dá)差、判斷錯誤和說話粗心，本句進(jìn)行總結(jié)：每個人都在生活中有冒犯或是得罪過別人的時候。故選A。
12．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但也有很多好人偶爾會把事情搞砸，或者就是不知道該怎么做。A. complex復(fù)雜的；B. valuable寶貴的；C. wrong錯誤的；D. special特別的。結(jié)合后文“or simply do not know better”可知，此處指的是偶爾把事情搞砸，或是不知道怎么做的人，get things wrong“出錯”。故選C。
13．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個世界充滿了不公正。A. challenge挑戰(zhàn)；B. beauty美麗；C. ambition野心；D. injustice不公平。結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可知，有些好人只是偶爾把事情搞砸或是不知道怎么做，但是也會遭到別人的攻擊，可見這并不公平。故選D。
14．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：別人的言行會造成傷害；因此，其他人的行動和言語很重要。A. instead相反；B. therefore因此；C. however然而；D. otherwise否則。上文提到別人的言行會造成傷害，后文提到其他人的行動和言語很重要，前后為因果關(guān)系，應(yīng)用therefore。故選B。
15．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們欣賞他們的意圖時，它可以幫助減輕他們的信息的影響。A. impact影響；B. significance重要性；C. meaning意義；D. function功能。呼應(yīng)上文“But intention has to matter, too, for us to make sense of the world and for us to effect change”指欣賞他人的意圖有助于減輕他們信息的影響。故選A。

Passage 2

Three applicants were interviewing for the job of human resource manager at a big company. Each one was 21 separately by a committee of three people. Each applicant 22 the questions and tried their best to 23 the interviewers.
However, one 24 proved to be set them apart, which was, “What is the 25 of being yourself?”
The first one said:“Be spontaneous (自發(fā)的) and don’t 26 as people expect you to.”The second one said:“Show your 27 to reflect your strong personality.”
The third person presented the following insight: “Be honest and don’t 28 in order to impress people.”
The committee wasn’t 29 with their answers and decided to invite five other 30 to interview for the job.
31 , the committee asked a simple question that 32 the candidates’ way of thinking. The phrase “be yourself” seems to carry a(n) 33 meaning, but how one 34 it can reveal a lot about him or her.
This expression encourages people to ignore outside influences and think 35 . Only by doing so can we define our ambitions, address our weaknesses and achieve our goals in our own way.
21．A．recommended B．interviewed C．informed D．received
22．A．a(chǎn)nswered B．raised C．chose D．predicted
23．A．impress B．greet C．a(chǎn)ttract D．please
24．A．incident B．a(chǎn)ction C．choice D．question
25．A．benefit B．purpose C．meaning D．result
26．A．work B．complain C．refuse D．behave
27．A．kindness B．confidence C．responsibility D．honesty
28．A．change B．lie C．praise D．challenge
29．A．a(chǎn)nnoyed B．delighted C．relieved D．content
30．A．interviewers B．employees C．a(chǎn)pplicants D．officials
31．A．In turn B．In return C．In truth D．In total
32．A．improves B．reflects C．determines D．includes
33．A．important B．familiar C．shallow D．different
34．A．believes B．practices C．a(chǎn)ccepts D．explains
35．A．carefully B．independently C．positively D．deeply
【答案】21．B22．A23．A24．D25．C26．D27．B28．B29．D30．C31．C32．B33．C34．D35．B
【解析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。主要通過講述三個應(yīng)聘者的故事，來闡明“做自己”的真正意義。
21．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：三位面試者單獨(dú)由三位成員組成的委員會來進(jìn)行面試。A. recommended推薦；B. interviewed面試；C. informed通知；D. received收到。根據(jù)上文“Three applicants were interviewing for the job of human resource manager at a big company.（三名申請人正在一家大公司面試人力資源經(jīng)理的工作）”可知，三個人是在接受面試，故選擇B項(xiàng)。
22．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每個申請人都會回答一些問題，并盡力給面試官留下深刻印象。A. answered回答；B. raised舉起；C. chose選擇；D. predicted預(yù)測。根據(jù)上文中的“interviewing”及下文中的“questions”可知，是在面試過程中回答問題，故選擇A項(xiàng)。
23．考查詞義辨析。句意：同上。A. impress給…深刻印象；B. greet問候；C. attract吸引；D. please使…高興。根據(jù)上文“Three applicants were interviewing for the job of human resource manager at a big company.（三名申請人正在一家大公司面試人力資源經(jīng)理的工作）”可知，說的是申請者盡可能給面試官留下深刻印象，impress“給…深刻印象”符合句意，故選擇A項(xiàng)。
24．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，一個問題把他們區(qū)分開來，問題是“做自己的意義是什么？”A. incident事件；B. action行動；C. choice選擇；D. question問題。根據(jù)上文“ Each applicant answered the questions（每個申請人都要回答一些問題）”可知，這里說的是其中的一個問題，故選擇D項(xiàng)。
25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A. benefit利益；B. purpose目的；C. meaning意義；D. result結(jié)果。根據(jù)下文申請人的回答“The first one said:“Be spontaneous (自發(fā)的) and don’t behave as people expect you to.”（第一個申請人回答說，要自發(fā)的，而不是像人們期望的那樣去表現(xiàn)）”可知，上文問的是做自己的意義，故選擇C項(xiàng)。
26．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：第一個申請人回答說，要自發(fā)的，而不是像人們期望的那樣去表現(xiàn)。A. work工作；B. complain抱怨；C. refuse拒絕；D. behave表現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文的問題“What is the meaning of being yourself?（做自己的意義是什么）”可知，這里回答的是做自己就是要自發(fā)的，不是像別人期望的那樣去表現(xiàn)，故選擇D項(xiàng)。
27．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：第二個人回答：“展示你的自信，來反應(yīng)你強(qiáng)烈的個性?！盇. kindness仁慈，善行；B. confidence自信；C. responsibility責(zé)任；D. honesty誠實(shí)。根據(jù)上文“being yourself（做自己）”及下文“reflect your strong personality（反應(yīng)你強(qiáng)烈的個性）”可知，這里說的是展示自信，故選擇B項(xiàng)。
28．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：第三個人陳述了他的領(lǐng)悟：“要誠實(shí)，不要為了給別人留下深刻印象而撒謊。”A. change改變；B. lie撒謊；C. praise贊美；D. challenge挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)上文“Be honest（要誠實(shí)）”可知，下文說的是不要撒謊，故選擇B項(xiàng)。
29．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：委員會對于他們的答案并不滿意，并決定邀請其他的申請者來面試這份工作。A. annoyed生氣的；B. delighted高興的；C. relieved寬慰的；D. content滿意的。根據(jù)下文“decided to invite five other applicants to interview for the job.（決定邀請其他的申請者來面試這份工作）”可知，委員會對于這三位申請人的回答是不滿意的，故選擇D項(xiàng)。
30．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A. interviewers面試者；B. employees雇員；C. applicants申請人；D. officials官員。根據(jù)上文“The committee wasn’t content with their answers（委員會對于他們的回答并不滿意）”可知，要邀請其他的申請人來面試，故選擇C項(xiàng)。
31．考查短語詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，委員會提出了一個反應(yīng)候選人思維方式的簡單問題。A. In turn依次；B. In return作為回報； C. In truth事實(shí)上；D. In total總計。根據(jù)上文的問題“What is the meaning of being yourself?（做自己的意義是什么）”可知，這實(shí)際上是一個反應(yīng)人的思維方式的問題，In truth“事實(shí)上”符合句意，故選擇C項(xiàng)。
32．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A. improves改善；B. reflects反應(yīng)；C. determines決心；D. includes包括。根據(jù)下文“The phrase “be yourself” seems to carry a shallow meaning, but how one explains it can reveal a lot about him or her.（短語“做自己”似乎意義淺顯，但一個人如何解釋它卻可以揭示出許多關(guān)于他或者是她的事情）”可知，這個問題可以反應(yīng)候選人的思維方式，故選擇B項(xiàng)。
33．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意短語“做自己”似乎意義淺顯，但一個人如何解釋它卻可以揭示處許多關(guān)于他或者是她的事情：A. important重要的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. shallow淺顯的；D. different不同的。根據(jù)下文“but how one explains it can reveal a lot about him or her.（但一個人如何解釋它卻可以揭示處許多關(guān)于他或者是她的事情）”結(jié)合句中“but”轉(zhuǎn)折可知，上文應(yīng)該說的是意義淺顯，但可以反應(yīng)出很多事情，故選擇C項(xiàng)。
34．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A. believes相信；B. practices練習(xí)；C. accepts接受；D. explains解釋。根據(jù)上文的問題“What is the meaning of being yourself?（做自己的意義是什么）”及三個申請人的回答可知，這里說的是一個人對于“做自己”的理解，explains“解釋”符合句意，故選擇D項(xiàng)。
35．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這個表達(dá)主要是鼓勵人們忽視外部的影響，獨(dú)立思考。A. carefully小心地；B. independently獨(dú)立地；C. positively積極地；D. deeply深深地。根據(jù)上文“ ignore outside influences（忽視外部影響）”可知，這里說的是要獨(dú)立思考，故選擇B項(xiàng)。

Passage 1
I was in the grocery store picking up a few odds and ends. As I 21 the cashier I noticed a very old man. His back was bent. His hair was white. His face was 22 wrinkles. In the eyes of the 23 , he looked tired, old and ugly.
As soon as he 24 finished counting out the money, he 25 and joked with the cashier and they both laughed. His 26 sounded like sweet music. His eyes sparkled with delight. He turned back to me and 27 his smile. I could see his soul shining through. It was the 28 and most beautiful soul I had seen in a long time. In that 29 I saw that while his body might be showing its years, his 30 was young.
Some people can look young and healthy on the 31 but be old and beaten down on the inside. Other people can look old and worn-out on the outside but 32 be young and vital within. Most of us fall somewhere in-between.
I truly believe, however, that the key is love. Time will eventually 33 all our bodies, but whether we grow old on the inside is a choice. We can 34 to live in fear, anger, and hatred. Or we can choose to live in 35 , joy, and compassion and keep our souls forever young.
21．A．served B．paid C．left D．a(chǎn)pproached
22．A．exposed to B．trapped in C．covered with D．made of
23．A．world B．cashier C．customer D．elder
24．A．politely B．slowly C．easily D．curiously
25．A．smiled B．stopped C．hesitated D．a(chǎn)ppeared
26．A．song B．laughter C．voice D．story
27．A．hid B．lost C．shared D．forced
28．A．funnest B．cleverest C．biggest D．youngest
29．A．case B．moment C．a(chǎn)rea D．way
30．A．child B．look C．sound D．soul
31．A．contrary B．bottom C．outside D．face
32．A．still B．sometimes C．even D．a(chǎn)nyway
33．A．a(chǎn)ge B．limit C．ignore D．punish
34．A．continue B．choose C．refuse D．a(chǎn)ttempt
35．A．gratitude B．hope C．love D．excitement
【答案】21．D22．C23．A24．B25．A26．B27．C28．D29．B30．D31．C32．A33．A34．B35．C
【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者看到一位有著年輕靈魂的老人。通過這位老人，作者相信是愛讓人年輕。
21．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我走近收銀員時，我注意到一位非常老的老人。A. served為…服務(wù)，接待；B. paid支付，付費(fèi)；C. left離開，留下；D. approached走近。根據(jù)下文“As soon as he finished counting out the money”可知我走向收銀員。故選D。
22．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他的臉上布滿了皺紋。A. exposed to接觸，暴露于；B. trapped in陷入，使困于；C. covered with覆蓋；D. made of由…組成。根據(jù)下文“he looked tired, old and ugly”可知他的臉上布滿了皺紋。be covered with…“被…蓋滿；充滿著…”為習(xí)慣搭配。故選C。
23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在世人眼中，他顯得疲憊、蒼老、丑陋。A. world世界，全人類；B. cashier出納員，收銀員；C. customer顧客；D. elder長者，長輩。根據(jù)上文“His back was bent. His hair was white. His face was wrinkles. ”可知這個模樣的人，大多數(shù)人都會覺得他又老又丑。此處表示泛指，不強(qiáng)調(diào)某個人的看法。world在此意為“世人”。故選A。
24．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他慢慢地數(shù)完錢后，他微笑著和收銀員開玩笑，兩人都笑了。A. politely有禮貌地；B. slowly慢慢地；C. easily容易地；D. curiously好奇地。根據(jù)上文“I noticed a very old man”和“ he looked tired, old and ugly”可知這樣一位老人在掏錢結(jié)賬時動作應(yīng)該很慢。故選B。
25．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他慢慢地數(shù)完錢后，他微笑著和收銀員開玩笑，兩人都笑了。A. smiled微笑；B. stopped停止；C. hesitated猶豫；D. appeared似乎，出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“joked with the cashier and they both laughed”可知這位老人微笑著開了個玩笑。故選A。
26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的笑聲聽起來像甜美的音樂。A. song歌曲；B. laughter笑，笑聲；C. voice聲音，嗓音；D. story故事，小說。根據(jù)上文“and they both laughed”可知這大笑聲聽起來像甜美的音樂。故選B。
27．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他轉(zhuǎn)過身來和我分享他的微笑。A. hid躲藏；B. lost失去；C. shared分享；D. forced強(qiáng)迫。根據(jù)“He turned back to me”可知此時指老人回過頭來沖作者微笑，分享他的快樂。故選C。
28．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是我好長時間以來見過的最年輕、最美麗的靈魂。A. funnest最滑稽的；B. cleverest最聰明的；C. biggest最大的；D. youngest最年輕的。根據(jù)“most beautiful soul”和下文“his 　was young”可知老人的精神狀態(tài)是作者好長時間以來見到的最年輕的精神狀態(tài)。故選D。
29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在那一刻，我看到，雖然他的身體可能顯示出它的年齡，他的靈魂是年輕的。A. case具體情況，案例；B. moment時刻，瞬間，片刻；C. area區(qū)域，地區(qū)；D. way方法，道路。根據(jù)上文“I could see his soul shining through”可知本句強(qiáng)調(diào)此時此刻的情況。故選B。
30．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在那一刻，我看到，雖然他的身體可能顯示出它的年齡，他的靈魂是年輕的。A. child兒童，孩子；B. look樣子，面容；C. sound噪音，聲音；D. soul靈魂，精神。根據(jù)上文“It was the　 and most beautiful soul”可知他的靈魂是年輕的。故選D。
31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有些人外表看起來年輕健康，但內(nèi)心卻很老很憔悴。A. contrary相反的事實(shí)；B. bottom底部；C. outside外部；D. face臉，面部。根據(jù)“ but be old and beaten down on the inside”可知此處強(qiáng)調(diào)有些人外表看上去年輕和健康，但內(nèi)心卻是衰老和憔悴的。故選C。
32．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：有些人可能外表看起來老而疲憊，但內(nèi)心仍然年輕而充滿活力。A. still仍然；B. sometimes有時；C. even甚至；D. anyway無論如何。根據(jù)“but be young and vital within”可知有些人外表雖老，但內(nèi)心仍然年輕。故選A。
33．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：時間最終會讓我們的身體變老，但我們的內(nèi)心是否變老是一種選擇。A. age成熟，變老；B. limit限制；C. ignore忽略，不理睬；D. punish懲罰。根據(jù)“but whether we grow old on the inside is a choice”可知此處指時間使我們的身體變老。故選A。
34．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們可以選擇生活在恐懼、憤怒和仇恨中。A. continue繼續(xù)；B. choose選擇；C. refuse拒絕；D. attempt企圖，試圖。根據(jù)下文“Or we can choose to live in…”可知此處進(jìn)一步解釋我們選擇什么樣的生活。故選B。
35．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：或者，我們可以選擇生活在愛、歡樂和同情中，讓我們的靈魂永遠(yuǎn)年輕。A. gratitude感激；B. hope希望；C. love愛；D. excitement令人激動的事，興奮。根據(jù)“joy, and compassion”可知此處與上句對此，同時復(fù)指本段第一句中提到的love。強(qiáng)調(diào)作者的觀點(diǎn)“I truly believe, however, that the key is love”。故選C。

Passage 2
In life, do you choose to take the road everyone has taken, or do you choose the path that is best for you? It might be 21 to choose what everyone has done, especially if it seemed to work for them. But is that what truly 22 for you?
On a recent hiking 23 , my partner and I decided to take a popular trail in the 24 direction. This was an old, well-traveled trail that people had been hiking and biking from A to Z for years. For our own reasons, we chose to travel from Z to A．Going backwards made more sense with my 25 . The trip would take several days and going backwards 26 that I would end the trip closer to the airport for my flight home.
As my partner and I walked, everyone crossing our path had something to say, “You're going the wrong way. Are you lost? Are you returning 27 you forgot something? Are you crazy? The path occasionally crossed a 28 . When it did, even passing cars beeped to 29 us in the “right” direction.
Why did people only see one way? Because that's what everyone does? Because that's how it's always been done? We even 30 to talk to a Danish woman who said, “We have a(n) 31 in my country: when you go backwards to everyone else, it's because you're avoiding something.” I couldn't believe it. We were just enjoying connecting with nature, hiking the way that best 32 us. Had we gone the “wrong” way? No. At least, not for us.
I decided to 33 the path I chose. 34 , we had an amazing experience. Choosing the “wrong” path was right for me. When your inner 35 tells you something is right (or wrong), listen to it. It's your instinct. It's speaking to you for a reason and it knows, better than anyone, what's best for you.
21．A．a(chǎn)nxious B．normal C．a(chǎn)wkward D．impressive
22．A．designs B．plans C．works D．prepares
23．A．race B．test C．project D．trip
24．A．opposite B．wrong C．common D．a(chǎn)ccessible
25．A．emotion B．target C．schedule D．request
26．A．supposed B．ensured C．provided D．permitted
27．A．if B．because C．while D．yet
28．A．plain B．valley C．trail D．highway
29．A．point B．inspire C．protect D．support
30．A．expected B．stopped C．a(chǎn)greed D．hesitated
31．A．saying B．point C．myth D．spell
32．A．instructed B．confused C．offered D．suited
33．A．show off B．think over C．pick out D．stick to
34．A．Probably B．Hopefully C．Eventually D．Knowingly
35．A．desire B．feeling C．voice D．reaction
【答案】21．B22．C23．D24．A25．C26．B27．B28．D29．A30．B31．A32．D33．D34．C35．C
【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者和伙伴在最近的一次徒步旅行中，選擇了相反的方向。每個人都說他們走錯了，但是最終，他們有了一次奇妙的經(jīng)歷。作者認(rèn)為當(dāng)你內(nèi)心的聲音告訴你什么是對的或錯的，聽從它。這是你的本能。它和你說話是有原因的，它比任何人都清楚，什么對你最好。
21．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：選擇每個人都做過的事情可能是正常的，特別是如果它看起來對他們有用的話。A. anxious焦慮的；B. normal正常的；C. awkward尷尬的；D. impressive印象深刻的。根據(jù)后文“to choose what everyone has done”可知，選擇每個人都做過的事情可能是正常的。故選B。
22．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但這真的適合你嗎？A. designs設(shè)計；B. plans計劃；C. works工作，起作用；D. prepares準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)上文“it seemed to work for them”可知此處指選擇每個人都做過的事情是否對自己起作用。故選C。
23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在最近的一次徒步旅行中，我和我的伙伴決定選擇一條相反方向的流行路線。A. race比賽；B. test測試；C. project項(xiàng)目；D. trip旅行。呼應(yīng)后文“The trip would take several days”指徒步旅行。故選D。
24．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在最近的一次徒步旅行中，我和我的伙伴決定選擇一條相反方向的流行路線。A. opposite相反的；B. wrong錯誤的；C. common普通的；D. accessible可到達(dá)的。根據(jù)后文“This was an old, well-traveled trail that people had been hiking and biking from A to Z for years. For our own reasons, we chose to travel from Z to A.”可知，作者他們選擇了相反反向的路線。故選A。
25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：倒回去對我的日程安排更有意義。A. emotion情感；B. target目標(biāo)；C. schedule計劃；D. request要求。根據(jù)后文“I would end the trip closer to the airport for my flight home”可知倒著走會在離機(jī)場更近的地方結(jié)束旅行，所以是對日程安排有意義。故選C。
26．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這趟旅行要花上幾天的時間，倒著走可以確保我在離機(jī)場更近的地方結(jié)束旅程，以便搭飛機(jī)回家。A. supposed認(rèn)為；B. ensured確保；C. provided提供；D. permitted允許。根據(jù)后文“that I would end the trip closer to the airport for my flight home”可知倒著走可以確保作者在離機(jī)場更近的地方結(jié)束旅程，以便搭飛機(jī)回家。故選B。
27．考查連接詞詞義辨析。句意：你回來是因?yàn)橥耸裁磫?？A. if如果；B. because因?yàn)椋籆. while然而；D. yet但是。根據(jù)語境可知，此處引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，表示“因?yàn)椤睉?yīng)用because。故選B。
28．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這條小路偶爾與公路相交。A. plain平原；B. valley山谷；C. trail足跡；D. highway公路。根據(jù)后文“even passing cars”可知，這條小路偶爾與公路相交。故選D。
29．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)它出現(xiàn)時，就連過往的車輛也會鳴叫，給我們指出“正確”的方向。A. point指向；B. inspire鼓舞；C. protect保護(hù)；D. support支持。根據(jù)后文“us in the “right” direction”可知，汽車鳴笛是為了指出正確的方向。故選A。
30．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們甚至停下來和一位丹麥婦女交談，她說：“我們國家有一個說法：當(dāng)你回到其他所有人身邊時，那是因?yàn)槟阍谔颖苁裁础！盇. expected期待；B. stopped停止；C. agreed同意；D. hesitated猶豫。根據(jù)后文“to talk to a Danish woman”可知，作者當(dāng)時在徒步旅行中，所以是停下來和一位丹麥婦女交談。故選B。
31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們甚至停下來和一位丹麥婦女交談，她說：“我們國家有一個說法：當(dāng)你回到其他所有人身邊時，那是因?yàn)槟阍谔颖苁裁??！盇. saying格言；B. point要點(diǎn)；C. myth神話；D. spell咒語。根據(jù)后文“when you go backwards to everyone else, it's because you're avoiding something”可知，此處指丹麥婦女國家的一句格言。故選A。
32．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們只是享受與大自然的聯(lián)系，以最適合我們的方式徒步旅行。A. instructed指示；B. confused使迷惑；C. offered提供；D. suited適合。根據(jù)上文“We were just enjoying connecting with nature, hiking the way that best”可知，作者認(rèn)為徒步旅行是最適合他們的旅行方式。故選D。
33．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我決定堅持我選擇的道路。A. show off炫耀；B. think over仔細(xì)考慮；C. pick out指出；D. stick to堅持。根據(jù)后文“the path I chose”可知，作者選擇堅持選擇的道路。故選D。
34．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，我們有了一次奇妙的經(jīng)歷。A. Probably可能；B. Hopefully有希望地；C. Eventually終于；D. Knowingly故意地。根據(jù)后文“we had an amazing experience”可知，此處作者在總結(jié)這次徒步旅行，他們最終有了一次奇妙的經(jīng)歷。故選C。
35．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)你內(nèi)心的聲音告訴你什么是對的或錯的，聽從它。A. desire渴望；B. feeling感覺；C. voice聲音；D. reaction反應(yīng)。根據(jù)后文“tells you something is right (or wrong), listen to it”可知，此處指人內(nèi)心的聲音，應(yīng)用voice。故選C。

Passage 3
I was always complaining about wind or rain. Although it was nothing unusual for the arrival of wind or rain, it caused inconvenience for me to go out, and sometimes it even created an awful atmosphere, so I 1 it strongly.
On a rainy day a meteorologist (氣象學(xué)家) I met was very 2 at my great anger caused by rain that made a little inconvenience for me.
He asked, “Have you ever seen typhoon? Do you know what would happen to the world if there were no typhoon?” I shook my head. I had no experience of how overwhelming it was when it 3 everything away in its way.
“Well, let me tell you,” the meteorologist said. “Without it the 4 of fresh water will be more serious, for it is a great 5 of water supply on earth. Without it, there would be a greater imbalance in the distribution of 6 . The equatorial area that receives the most sunshine on earth 7 entirely on typhoon to disperse (驅(qū)散) heat. Without typhoon the tropics would be even 8 while the frigid zones much colder. As a result the temperate zones (溫帶) would 9 from the world...”
Ignorance made me 10 . I disliked wind only because it ruffled (吹亂) my hair. I hated rain merely because I had to carry an umbrella. But I had no idea at all that typhoon—something much more violent, something a thousand times more 11 than wind or rain—was a(n) 12 to the existence of mankind.
13 no road on earth goes all the way on level ground, there’s no person in the world who can do whatever he pleases. Wrong as it is for people to guard against typhoon, it is advisable for a man to stop to think for a moment before he complains. “ 14 typhoon disappeared all together? What would the world become then?” The 15 will keep him calm and lead him closer to truth—he will be better aware of the world he lives in.
1．A．blamed B．refused C．fought D．punished
2．A．excited B．puzzled C．delighted D．encouraged
3．A．frightened B．washed C．swept D．swung
4．A．supply B．shortage C．waste D．a(chǎn)mount
5．A．power B．resource C．source D．strength
6．A．time B．wealth C．energy D．warmth
7．A．moves B．relies C．keeps D．holds
8．A．better B．cooler C．hotter D．warmer
9．A．remove B．escape C．move D．disappear
10．A．shortsighted B．a(chǎn)nxious C．frightened D．worried
11．A．frightening B．a(chǎn)ppealing C．disturbing D．exciting
12．A．success B．a(chǎn)dvantage C．lead D．must
13．A．As B．Since C．While D．When
14．A．What about B．How come C．Even if D．What if
15．A．a(chǎn)nswers B．theories C．complaints D．phenomena
【答案】1．A2．B3．C4．B5．C6．D7．B8．C9．D10．A11．C12．D13．A14．D15．A
【分析】
這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者總是抱怨風(fēng)或雨，因?yàn)樗鼈兘o自己造成了不便，直到作者聽到氣象學(xué)家解釋臺風(fēng)的重要作用后，才意識到自己目光短淺，認(rèn)識到臺風(fēng)——比風(fēng)或雨更猛烈，比風(fēng)或雨更令人不安一千倍的東西——是人類生存所必須的。
1．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然刮風(fēng)下雨并沒有什么不正常的，但它給我的外出帶來了不便，有時甚至造成了一種糟糕的氣氛，所以我強(qiáng)烈地責(zé)怪它。A. blamed責(zé)備；B. refused拒絕；C. fought打架；D. punished懲罰。根據(jù)上文“it caused inconvenience for me to go out, and sometimes it even created an awful atmosphere”可知糟糕的天氣給作者帶來了不便，因此作者責(zé)怪天氣。故選A。
2．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在一個下雨天，我遇到一位氣象學(xué)家，他對我因?yàn)橄掠杲o我?guī)硪稽c(diǎn)不便而大發(fā)雷霆很是不解。A. excited激動的；B. puzzled困惑的，不解的；C. delighted高興的；D. encouraged受到鼓舞的。根據(jù)后文“at my great anger caused by rain that made a little inconvenience for me”結(jié)合后文氣象學(xué)家解釋下雨的作用，可知?dú)庀髮W(xué)家對于作者責(zé)備天氣感到困惑。故選B。
3．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我從來沒有經(jīng)歷過，當(dāng)它把一切都卷走的時候，它是多么的勢不可擋。A. frightened使害怕；B. washed清洗；C. swept清掃，席卷；D. swung搖擺。根據(jù)常識和后文“everything away in its way”可知，臺風(fēng)會把一切卷走，sweep away“一掃而空”。故選C。
4．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有它，淡水的短缺將會更嚴(yán)重，因?yàn)樗堑厍蛏纤?yīng)的一大來源。A. supply供給；B. shortage缺乏；C. waste廢物；D. amount數(shù)量。根據(jù)后文“fresh water will be more serious”可知沒有臺風(fēng)，淡水的短缺會更嚴(yán)重。故選B。
5．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有它，淡水的短缺將會更嚴(yán)重，因?yàn)樗堑厍蛏纤?yīng)的一大來源。A. power力量；B. resource資源；C. source來源；D. strength力量。根據(jù)后文“of water supply on earth”指臺風(fēng)是地球水供應(yīng)的來源，應(yīng)用source。故選C。
6．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有它，熱量的分布就會出現(xiàn)更大的不平衡。A. time時間；B. wealth財富；C. energy能量；D. warmth溫暖，熱量。結(jié)合后文提到?jīng)]有臺風(fēng)，熱帶地區(qū)會更熱，而寒帶會更冷，可知沒有臺風(fēng)，熱量的分布就會出現(xiàn)更大的不平衡。故選D。
7．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：地球上日照最多的赤道地區(qū)完全依靠臺風(fēng)來散熱。A. moves移動；B. relies依靠；C. keeps保持；D. holds持有。根據(jù)地理知識和后文“entirely on typhoon to disperse heat”指赤道地區(qū)依靠臺風(fēng)散熱，rely符合語境。故選B。
8．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果沒有臺風(fēng)，熱帶地區(qū)會更熱，而寒帶會更冷。A. better更好的；B. cooler更涼爽的；C. hotter更熱的；D. warmer更溫暖的。根據(jù)后文“while the frigid zones much colder”可知熱帶更熱，寒帶更冷。故選C。
9．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：結(jié)果就是，溫帶將從世界上消失……A. remove去除；B. escape逃走；C. move移動；D. disappear消失。根據(jù)上文提到寒帶更冷，熱帶更熱和后文“from the world”可知，此處是指溫帶從世界上消失，disappear符合語境。故選D。
10．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：無知使我目光短淺。A. shortsighted目光短淺的；B. anxious焦慮的；C. frightened害怕的；D. worried擔(dān)心的。結(jié)合上文可知作者僅僅因?yàn)樘鞖饨o自己造成了不便就責(zé)備天氣，沒有意識到下雨的重要作用，可見此處指無知使作者目光短淺。故選A。
11．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但我根本不知道臺風(fēng)——比風(fēng)或雨更猛烈，比風(fēng)或雨更令人不安一千倍的東西——是人類生存所必須的。A. frightening令人恐懼的；B. appealing吸引人的；C. disturbing令人不安的；D. exciting激動的。根據(jù)第一段中“I was always complaining about wind or rain.”可知作者本來抱怨刮風(fēng)下雨，而臺風(fēng)是比風(fēng)或雨更令人不安一千倍的東西。故選C。
12．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但我根本不知道臺風(fēng)——比風(fēng)或雨更猛烈，比風(fēng)或雨更令人不安一千倍的東西——是人類生存所必須的。A. success成功；B. advantage優(yōu)勢；C. lead領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；D. must必須的事物。根據(jù)后文“to the existence of mankind”以及上文介紹的臺風(fēng)的作用，可知臺風(fēng)是人類生存所必須的。選D。
13．考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：就像世界上沒有一條路是平坦的一樣，世界上也沒有一個人可以隨心所欲。A. As正如，像……一樣；B. Since自從；C. While雖然；D. When當(dāng)……時候。引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，表示“像……一樣”應(yīng)用as。故選A。
14．考查固定短語辨析。句意：如果臺風(fēng)全部消失了怎么辦？A. What about怎么樣；B. How come怎么會；C. Even if即使；D. What if假設(shè)……將會怎么樣。根據(jù)后文“typhoon disappeared all together”可知是在假設(shè)臺風(fēng)如果全部消失會怎么樣，what if符合語境。故選D。
15．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：答案會讓他保持冷靜，引導(dǎo)他更接近真理——他會更好地了解他所生活的世界。A. answers答案；B. theories理論；C. complaints投訴；D. phenomena現(xiàn)象。上文“typhoon disappeared all together? What would the world become then?”提出了兩個問題，所以此處是指問題的答案。故選A。

Passage 4

A scientist (41) several monkeys in order to study animal psychology．He took a glass bottle， (42) its cork（瓶塞）and put two peanuts inside it．The peanuts dropped to the bottom and were easily seen from the outside．He then passed the bottle to a monkey，who shook it (43) for a long while and was able to get the peanuts when they (44) fell out．The scientist then put some peanuts into the bottle again (45) he had done before and showed the monkey that it only needed to turn the bottle upside down for the peanuts to drop out． (46) the monkey always ignored his (47) ．Each time it just shook the bottle frantically，with great (48) but without necessarily achieving (49) result．
Now the question is why the monkey was unable to understand (50) the scientist instructs． (51) because all its attentions was focused on the peanuts．Instead，it must take its eyes off the peanuts and quickly (52) its attention to the (53) movement of the scientist and the way the bottle was turned upside down．To achieve this，it had to calm down and not be (54) by the impulse（誘惑）of its appetite．Yet the monkey was not able to understand this．It is the instance like this that reveals the monkey's some psychology is just like (55) of human beings．
(41) A. kept B. rose C. fed D. caught
(42) A. moving B. removed C. discovered D. covered
(43) A. happily B. anxiously C. hurriedly D. instantly
(44) A. suddenly B. accidentally C. occasionally D. quickly
(45) A. as B. that C. what D. until
(46) A. But B. When C. Therefore D. Thus
(47) A. directions B. explanations
C. performances D. instructions
(48) A. effort B. strength C. power D. force
(49) A. expecting B. interesting C. satisfying D. desired
(50) A. what B. how C. why D. which
(51) A. Probably B. Likely C. Simply D. Nearly
(52) A. put B. send C. pay D. shift
(53) A. gesture B. mouth C. hand D. eye
(54) A. taken away B. taken off C. taken over D. taken on
(55) A. that B. the C. those D. this

ABBBA ADADA CDCCA
41．A．考查動詞辨析．A．kept 飼養(yǎng)；B．rose 玫瑰；C．fed喂養(yǎng)；D．caught 抓到；為了研究動物心理學(xué)，一位科學(xué)家養(yǎng)了幾只猴子．故選A
42．B．考查動詞辨析．A．moving移動；B．removed刪除；C．discovered 發(fā)現(xiàn)；D．covered 覆蓋；他拿了一個玻璃瓶，取出瓶塞，放了兩顆花生進(jìn)去．故選B．
43．B．考查副詞辨析．A．happily高興地；B．a(chǎn)nxiously焦急地；C．hurriedly匆匆；D．instantly 立即；然后他把瓶子遞給一只猴子，猴子焦急地?fù)u晃了很久，當(dāng)花生不小心掉下來的時候，它能得到花生．故選B．
44．B．考查副詞辨析．A．suddenly 突然；B．a(chǎn)ccidentally 偶然；C．occasionally 偶爾；D．quickly很快；然后他把瓶子遞給一只猴子，猴子焦急地?fù)u晃了很久，當(dāng)花生不小心掉下來的時候，它能得到花生．故選B．
45．A．考查連詞辨析．科學(xué)家又像以前一樣把一些花生放進(jìn)瓶子里，向猴子展示只需要把瓶子翻過來花生就可以掉出來．故選A．
46．A．考查連詞辨析．A．But但是；B．When 當(dāng)；C．Therefore 因此；D．Thus因此；但是猴子總是無視他的指示．故選A．
47．D．考查名詞辨析．A．directions指示；B．explanations解釋；C．performances 表演；D．instructions說明；但是猴子總是無視他的指示．故選D．
48．A．考查名詞辨析．A．effort努力；B．strength 力量；C．power 權(quán)力；D．force 武力；每次它只是瘋狂地?fù)u瓶子，努力地?fù)u，但不一定能達(dá)到預(yù)期的效果．故選A．
49．D．考查形容詞辨析．A．expecting期待的；B．interesting有趣的；C．satisfying 令人滿意；D．desired 期望的；每次它只是瘋狂地?fù)u瓶子，努力地?fù)u，但不一定能達(dá)到預(yù)期的效果．故選D．
50．A．考查代詞辨析．A．what 什么；B．how 如何；C．why 為什么；D．which 哪個；現(xiàn)在的問題是為什么猴子不能理解科學(xué)家的指示．故選A．
51．C．考查副詞辨析．A．Probably可能；B．Likely 可能；C．Simply 簡單地；D．Nearly幾乎；只是因?yàn)樗械淖⒁饬Χ技性诨ㄉ希蔬xC．
52．D．考查動詞辨析． A．put放置；B．send 發(fā)送；C．pay 支付；D．shift移位；相反，它必須把眼睛從花生上移開，并迅速將注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到科學(xué)家的手的動作和瓶子倒轉(zhuǎn)的方式上．故選D．
53．C．考查名詞辨析．A．gesture手勢；B．mouth 嘴；C．hand 手；D．eye 眼睛；相反，它必須把眼睛從花生上移開，并迅速將注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到科學(xué)家的手的動作和瓶子倒轉(zhuǎn)的方式上．故選C．
54．C．考查短語辨析．A．taken away帶走；B．taken off 起飛；C．taken over 接管；D．taken on承擔(dān)；要做到這一點(diǎn)，它必須冷靜下來，而不是被它食欲的沖動所取代．故選C．
55．A．考查代詞辨析．A．that那；B．the 指已提到的人（物）；C．those 那些；D．this 這個；正是這樣的例子，揭示了猴子的某些心理與人類的相似之處；故選A．
本文屬于說明文閱讀，作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了為了研究動物心理學(xué)，一位科學(xué)家養(yǎng)了幾只猴子做實(shí)驗(yàn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)猴子與人類的一些心理有相似之處．
做完形填空首先要通讀全文，了解大意，一篇完形填空的文章會有許多空格，所以，必須先通讀一遍，才能大概了解文章內(nèi)容，千萬不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致，選擇答案時，要考慮整個句子的內(nèi)容，包括搭配、時態(tài)、語法等．這篇完型要多注意：填空時多聯(lián)系上下文，注意固定搭配，答案全部填完后，再通讀一遍文章，檢查是否通順流暢了，用詞得當(dāng)，意思正確．

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