?沖刺2022年高考英語之名校閱讀理解試題跟蹤練(通用版)12
閱讀七選五說明文30篇2
1
（2019·四川·一模）“Did you hear what happened to Adam last Friday?” Lindsey whispers to Tori.
With her eyes shining, Tori brags, “You bet I did. Sean told me two days ago.”
What are Lindsey and Tori talking about? It just happens to be yours truly, Adam Freedman. I can tell you that what they are saying is (a) not nice and (b) not even true. Still, Lindsey and Tori aren’t very different from most students here at LintonHigh School, including me. Many of our conversations are gossip(閑話).___1___, which are just as follows.
___2___ Usually, gossip spreads information about a topic—breakups, troubles at home, even dropping out—that a person would rather keep secret. The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is, the juicer the gossip it makes. Probably the worst type of gossip is the lie. People often think of gossipers as harmless, but cruel lies can cause pain.
If we know that gossip can be harmful, then why do so many of us do it? The answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us. Sharing the latest rumor can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don’t. Similarly, hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group”.___3___
Gossip can also have a third effect: it strengthens unwritten, unspoken rules about how people should act.
___4___ Translated into high school terms, this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said, then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention. The do’s and don’ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook.
___5___ The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might have.
A. I have noticed three effects of gossip
B. The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation.
C. An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about.
D. Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group.
E. Recently, studies have found some most effective ways to deal with gossip in our daily life.
F. In other words, gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority
G. That is to say, you may be consciously or not affected by words and expressions when chatting with your friend.
【答案與解析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了流言蜚語有三個重要影響。
1. 根據(jù)上文Many of our conversations are gossip.（我們的許多談話都是閑談。）以及下文主要內(nèi)容可知，此處說明流言蜚語的三個影響，故選A。
2. 根據(jù)本段最后一句People often think of gossipers as harmless, but cruel lies can cause pain.（人們通常認為說閑話的人是無害的，但是殘酷的謊言會引起痛苦。）可知，流言蜚語的第一個消極影響就是它會傷害被談論到的人。故選C。
3. 根據(jù)上文Sharing the latest rumor can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don’t. Similarly, hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group”.（分享最新的謠言可以讓一個人覺得自己很重要，因為他或她知道一些別人不知道的事情。同樣，聽到最新的謠言會讓人覺得自己是“群體”的一份子。）可推知，說閑話是令人滿意的，因為它給人一種歸屬感，甚至優(yōu)越感。故選F。
4. 根據(jù)下文Translated into high school terms, this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said, then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention.（換句話說，這意味著如果你周圍的每個人都在嘲笑約翰穿的衣服或簡說的話，那么你可以打賭，穿著或說類似的話也會讓你受到同樣的負面關注。）可知，流言蜚語對監(jiān)督一個群體的行為很重要。故選D。
5. 根據(jù)下文The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might have.（下次你想要傳播最新消息的時候，想想你為什么要八卦，你的“有趣的故事”可能會產(chǎn)生什么影響。）可知，流言蜚語的影響因情況而異。故選B。
2
（2019·安徽蕪湖·三模）If you’re tired of freestyle walking programs, you may be interested in leaming how to racewalk. Or you want to pick up speed. Or maybe you have a desire for competition. ___6___, racewalking is a good choice for you.
As you begin to racewalk, it is important to concentrate more on movement than on speed. Speed will come later, as you master the movement skills of racewalking. And you can begin to increase your speed once you feel comfortable with the actions of racewalking. Be sure, however, to increase your speed gradually. ___7___.
Racewalking can increase your walking exercise. You can experience this in person. Try walking as fast as you can, and youll feel your body eager to jog. ___8___, you have to keep one foot on the ground at all times. While you are jogging, both feet are off the ground at some point, which allows you to cover more distance with one step. So in order to cover the same distance, you have to take more steps than you would if you were jogging.
___9___. Before you begin exercising, you need to warm up your body and relax your muscles (肌肉). ___10___. It is necessary to cool down in the end. If you ignore these steps, you may suffer muscle pain and even injury.
A. No matter what the reason is
B. In order to walk at high speeds
C. The same is true after each exercise
D. Always keep safety in mind when racewalking
E. In order to continue walking and not to break into a jog
F. Don’t push too hard or walk to the point of being tired out
G. It is more efficient to warm up your body before exercise
【答案與解析】本文為說明文。文章介紹了如何開展競走活動以及競走給人們帶來的好處。
6. 考查上下文及句意理解。根據(jù)空前列舉的各種開展競走的原因可知，A項No matter what the reason is（無論什么原因）符合此處語境，意為“無論什么原因，競走對你來說都是一個不錯的選擇。”故A選項正確。
7. 考查上下文及句意理解。根據(jù)空前Be sure, however, to increase your speed gradually.（但是，一定要逐漸提高速度）可知，F(xiàn)項Don't push too hard or walk to the point of being tired out（不要用力過猛，也不要走到筋疲力盡的地步）符合此處語境。故F選項正確。
8. 考查上下文及句意理解。根據(jù)空前Try walking as fast as you can, and you'll feel your body eager to jog.（試著盡可能快地走，你會感到你的身體渴望慢跑）及空后 you have to keep one foot on the ground at all times.（你都必須保持一只腳在地上）可知，E項In order to continue walking and not to break into a jog（為了繼續(xù)走而不是突然開始慢跑）符合此處語境。故E選項正確。
9. 考查上下文及句意理解。根據(jù)空后Before you begin exercising, you need to warm up your body and relax your muscles.（在開始運動之前,你需要溫暖你的身體,放松你的肌肉）可知，及文章最后一句話If you ignore these steps, you may suffer muscle pain and even injury.（如果你忽視這些步驟，你可能會遭受肌肉疼痛甚至受傷）可知，D項Always keep safety in mind when racewalking（競走時要時刻注意安全）符合此處語境。故D選項正確。
10. 考查上下文及句意理解。根據(jù)空后It is necessary to cool down in the end. If you ignore these steps, you may suffer muscle pain and even injury.（最后冷靜下來是必要的。如果你忽視這些步驟，你可能會遭受肌肉疼痛甚至受傷）可知，C項The same is true after each exercise（每次運動后都是如此）符合此處語境。故C選項正確。
3
（2019·安徽·模擬預測）Have you ever been bored and decided to check social media, only to find out that your best friend is at Disneyland, that one of your classmates is eating delicious pizza at your favorite pizza store, and that one of your soccer teammates is climbing the Eiffel Tower in Paris? Have you ever had that feeling that others are experiencing things and enjoying life more than you are? Oh, man! You're missing out!___11___Researchers call that feeling the fear of missing out or FoMO.
___12___It's so easy today to see what your friends are doing from the social media. Unluckily, we only have so much time in the day and only so much money to spend on food or entertainment It would be impossible for us to enjoy all the same activities we see others take part in on social media.
Rather than realizing this basic truth, though, we usually let FoMO lead us to compare our lives with those of others on social media. ___13___ Why? We know all the sides of our lives— both good and bad. but all we see on social media are the picture-perfect moments others share.
___14___FoMO makes us check social media more frequently, leading to addiction and a negative cycle that can be hard to break. Researchers have found that social media and FoMO can cause serious negative results, including feeling of depression, loneliness and boredom.
___15___Researchers advise that we stop looking to social media for happiness. Instead, we should focus our attention on our real lives, including the people around us and all the things we're grateful for.
A. Have you ever experienced FoMO?
B. At least that's what you might think.
C. This certainly leaves us feeling dissatisfied.
D. So how do we break the cycle and avoid FoMO?
E. Over 75% of young people report feeling FoMO from time to time.
F. As famous Theodore Roosevelt said, "Comparison is the thief of joy".
G. If you let FoMO control you, the only thing you'll really be missing out on is your own life.
【答案與解析】本文是一篇說明文，講述了社交媒體對人們的影響，呼吁人們關注自身周圍真實的世界。
11. 根據(jù)上文“Have you ever had that feeling that others are experiencing things and enjoying life more than you are? Oh, man! You're missing out!”可知此處講述人們自己的感受。故B項“At least that's what you might think.” B項：至少你會這么想。很好地承接上文。再根據(jù)下文故選B項。
12. 結合上文“Researchers call that feeling the fear of missing out or FoMO.”及下文“It's so easy today to see what your friends are doing from the social media.”可知，此句需承上啟下，E項“超過75%的年輕人報告說他們時不時會有情緒低落的感覺?！背薪由衔摹癿issing out or FoMO”的感覺，引出下文對于這種感覺的說明。故選E項。
13. 根據(jù)上文“Rather than realizing this basic truth, though, we usually let FoMO lead us to compare our lives with those of others on social media.”可知人們通常與其他人進行比較；再根據(jù)下文“We know all the sides of our lives— both good and bad. but all we see on social media are the picture-perfect moments others share.”可知我們只是知道他們的美好瞬間。C項“This certainly leaves us feeling dissatisfied.”（這會使我們不舒服）承上啟下，符合語境。故選C項。
14. 根據(jù)下文“.FoMO makes us check social media more frequently, leading to addiction and a negative cycle that can be hard to break.”可知比較會使我們產(chǎn)生消極情緒；上文主要講述攀比使人不舒服。F項“Comparison is the thief of joy”很好地承上啟下。故選F項。
15. 根據(jù)下文“Researchers advise that we stop looking to social media for happiness.”可知研究人員給出了解決辦法；D項“So how do we break the cycle and avoid FoMO?”給出如何解決的疑問。故選D項。
4
（2018·浙江舟山·三模）
Tips on How to Survive the Exam Season
When it comes to the exam season, a lot of you may feel stressed, depressed or even want to escape. Here we have pieces of advice to help you get it through.
____16____
During the semester, going to lectures and taking a lot of notes are the first steps in the learning process. Now, at the end of the week, gather all the notes you took during the week and run through your notes quickly,____17____ If yes, great. If not, you have a lot of time left to understand before the exams take place. You can ask a friend, a teacher, you can look it up on the Internet or go to a library. This takes a little effort, but the results are great.
Switch between different types of revision.
____18____ Something that really helps is to plan different types of active studying while revising. You can, for example, study using flashcards for an hour, then work on the summary for an hour, then have lunch, etc.
Make the facts more relatable.
There are many different ways to do so. I'm going to give you two examples and the first one is to create vivid images, which can be really helpful for studying history.____19____ The second is to make yourself familiar with new words by looking for words that look alike in other languages.
Teach and learn outside of the classroom.
In my experience, teaching is the most efficient way of studying. By explaining the materials to yourself or to someone else, you'll remember them a lot better.____20____ The idea is to sit down and take turns explaining certain topics of the study material.
Test yourself with past papers.
At the end of the whole study process, you should prepare yourself to do past papers properly. Time yourself, don't cheat, and mark it as if it were your real exam. Pay attention to the mistakes and revise the part you didn't do well on until you can't get it wrong any more.
A. Prepare yourself in advance.
B. Make sure to be tough on yourself.
C. Even if you are motivated to study, everyone gets bored after a couple of hours of studying.
D. While doing this, constantly ask yourself, "Do I understand what I am reading？"
E. Ask your parents or other family members to act as students and listen to your explanation.
F. Try to imagine how the events took place and this allows you to remember certain details more accurately.
G. Look for a study buddy or small study group, and discuss everything you have studied before the exam.
【答案與解析】本文是一篇選句填空，主要講述了考試前如何有效的復習的問題，如提前做好準備，變換復習內(nèi)容，使知識間相聯(lián)系及課外及時學習等。
16. 考查上下文推理能力。根據(jù)下文Now, at the end of the week, gather all the notes you took during the week and run through your notes quickly（現(xiàn)在，在周末的時候，把你這周做的筆記都收集起來，快速地瀏覽一遍）可知，本段主要講考前做準備。A項Prepare yourself in advance（提前做好準備），符合文意，故選A。
17. 考查上下文推理能力。根據(jù)下文If not, you have a lot of time left to understand before the exams take place.（如果沒有，那么在考試發(fā)生之前你有很多時間可以理解）可知，D項While doing this, constantly ask yourself, "Do I understand what I am reading？"（這樣做的時候，不斷地問自己:“我讀的東西我懂了嗎?”）符合文意，故選D。
18. 考查上下文推理能力。根據(jù)下文Something that really helps is to plan different types of active studying while revising（真正有用的是在復習時進行不同類型的積極學習）可知，C項Even if you are motivated to study, everyone gets bored after a couple of hours of studying.（即使你有學習的動力，經(jīng)過幾個小時的學習，每個人都會覺得無聊），符合文意，故選C。
19. 考查上下文推理能力。根據(jù)前文I'm going to give you two examples and the first one is to create vivid images, which can be really helpful for studying history.（我要給你兩個例子，第一個例子是創(chuàng)建生動的圖象，這對研究歷史很有幫助）可知，F(xiàn)項Try to imagine how the events took place and this allows you to remember certain details more accurately（嘗試想象事件是如何發(fā)生的，這可以讓你更準確地記住某些細節(jié)），符合文意，故選F。
20. 考查上下文推理能力。根據(jù)下文The idea is to sit down and take turns explaining certain topics of the study material（這個想法是坐下來輪流解釋研究材料的某些主題）可知，G項Look for a study buddy or small study group, and discuss everything you have studied before the exam（尋找一個研究伙伴或一個小型研究小組，并討論在考試前你學過的一切），符合文意，故選G。
5
（2021·江蘇·一模）Sports performance can be influenced by many different things. ___21___
There are many physical factors（因素）that play a part in sports performance. ___22___ The natural talent and strength of the players will make a difference. Also，it is important to get enough sleep before you are in a sports event. ___23___ Eating good meals is also important. When you are hungry，you cannot perform the same. You might be thinking about food when you should be thinking about the game.
of course，the more a team or a player practices，the more likely they are to perform well. The same person with the same physical abilities might just become better as he practices.
Researching your competitor can matter a lot in sports performance. Knowing their strengths and weaknesses can help you adjust how you play to give yourself a better performance against them. ___24___ If you can figure out where to hit the ball in tennis that would confuse your competitor，for example，then this can help you score points.
___25___ If someone is very pessimistic about a game，for example，and is sure that he will lose，then he might increase his chances of doing so. If he is very nervous then he might be thinking about that instead of focusing on the game. If he is focused then he might do better，achieving what he didn't even realize he could. His confidence can also affect how the other team views him.
A. It is important to be aware of these factors.
B. It is necessary to get to know your competitor and yourself.
C. Also, there are ways to play something smartly and do better.
D. If you are tired, you may not perform as you normally would. ools1
E. If you have practiced enough to keep fit, you should have a rest.
F. If someone is in good shape, then of course he will perform better.
G. There are many psychological factors that can play a part in how well you perform.
【答案與解析】本文是一篇說明文。主要講了在比賽中哪些因素影響你的表現(xiàn)。
21. 根據(jù)下文的There are many physical factors（因素）that play a part in sports performance.可知，A選項中的factors和下文內(nèi)容相呼應，且語意聯(lián)系上下文，運動成績受許多不同的因素影響。了解這些因素很重要。有許多身體因素在運動成績中起作用。故選A。
22. 根據(jù)下文的The natural talent and strength of the players will make a difference.運動員們的天賦和力量將會發(fā)揮作用?？芍狥選項中的perform better和下文中的make a difference是順承關系，且語意（如果一個人身體很好，那么他當然會表現(xiàn)得更好）承接下文， 故選F。
23. 根據(jù)上文的Also，it is important to get enough sleep before you are in a sports event.可知，同時,充足的睡眠是很重要的，在你進行體育賽事之前。如果你累了，你可能不會像往常一樣表現(xiàn)。其中D選項中的are tired與上文get enough sleep相對應，且語意承接上文，故選D。
24. 根據(jù)空后的If you can figure out where to hit the ball in tennis that would confuse your competitor，for example，then this can help you score points. 例如，如果你能找出在網(wǎng)球擊球時迷惑你的競爭對手，這可以幫助你得分。由此可知，在比賽中還有一些小方法能幫你取得勝利，故C項語意（此外，還有一些方法可以玩得更聰明，做得更好），故選C。
25. G. There are many psychological factors that can play a part in how well you perform.
根據(jù)下文的If someone is very pessimistic about a game，for example，and is sure that he will lose，then he might increase his chances of doing so. 如果一個人對比賽很消極，確信他會失敗，所以此處表示心理因素會影響你的表現(xiàn)，故G項能承接下文，其中pessimistic和psychological factors是相對應的，故選G。
6
（2019·云南昆明·模擬預測）
Top Tips to Succeed in Your First Year of University
This autumn, thousands of students from around the country will be starting their first year at university. ___26___ Here are some tips to help students succeed in their first year.
●Find support services.
All universities offer students guidance, mental health, disability services, career centers, accommodation and financial support. The best way to get information is to talk to other students. So, take every opportunity to join groups run by senior students. ___27___
●Manage your time well.
Learning how to balance social and academic commitments is the most difficult for new students. ___28___ Then work backwards to allocate time for researching, reading and checking references. In your plan, also account for other commitments including work, socializing and exercise.
●___29___
A good research is one where arguments have been debated and claims are supported by evidence. In order to do this well, you need to do the weekly readings assigned in your courses. You also need to read beyond the required list because lecturers are interested in students’ opinions that are informed by evidence. That is, they are supported by the readings and research the student has done.
●Enjoy university life!
___30___ It’s also about making life-long friendships and connections. Pursue your talents and interests and get involved in clubs and societies. The new friendships you form will become part of your support network and ensure that you make the most of your university experience.
A. Keep up-to-date with readings.
B. Form good study habits from the beginning.
C. You can also look for information on your university’s website.
D. Start by dealing with the activities and exams on your semester plan.
E. They can offer freshmen tips on how to handle their assignments and exams.
F. For some students, going to university is an exciting but stressful experience.
G. Finally, university is not just about studying hard to achieve one’s career goals.
【答案與解析】這是一篇說明文。說明了四個關于想要在大學第一年取得成功的建議。
26. 根據(jù)下文Here are some tips to help students succeed in their first year.（下面是一些幫助學生在第一年取得成功的建議。）說明上文提到對一些學生來說，上大學是一種令人興奮但又有壓力的經(jīng)歷。因此提供一些建議。故F選項符合上下文語境。故選F。
27. 根據(jù)上文So, take every opportunity to join groups run by senior students.（所以，抓住每一個機會加入高年級學生組織。）本句為解釋這么做的原因是：他們可以為新生提供如何處理作業(yè)和考試的建議。故選E符合語境。
28. 根據(jù)上文Learning how to balance social and academic commitments is the most difficult for new students.（對于新生來說，學習如何平衡社會和學業(yè)是最困難的。）下文提供建議：從處理學期計劃中的活動和考試開始。且D選項start對應下文中Then work backwards to allocate time for researching, reading and checking references.（然后向后分配時間用于研究、閱讀和檢查參考文獻。）then。D選項符合語境。
29. 根據(jù)下文In order to do this well, you need to do the weekly readings assigned in your courses.（為了做到這一點，你需要每周閱讀課程中指定的閱讀材料。）中reading可對應到A選項中readings。表示“閱讀最新資料”符合語境。故選A。
30. 根據(jù)下文It’s also about making life-long friendships and connections.（這也是關于建立一生的友誼和聯(lián)系。）中also與G選項中not just相對應，表示“最后，大學不僅僅是為了實現(xiàn)自己的職業(yè)目標而努力學習。”符合語境。故選G。
7
（2019·廣東·二模）The word “boycott” comes to English through Irish, which can be used as both a verb and a noun. As a verb, boycott means to refuse to do something as a form of protest （抗 議）.People who boycott something are often looking for social, economic （經(jīng)濟的）or political change._____31_____People stop using goods or services during a boycott until changes are made. ____32____ In the mid-1800s, a young man, Charles Boycott, worked as a land agent for the owner of a large country farm in Ireland. ____33____Later, the farmers demanded lower rents. Boycott refused, and even kicked some of them out of the farm. As a result, another man named Davitt came into conflict with Boycott.
In 1879，Davitt founded a group called the Land League，which sought to help poor farmers. He suggested to the farmers that they refuse to do business with Boycott._____34_____ Since Boycott’s workers and servants refused to carry out his orders, the crops in his fields???went bad. The community turned their back on the Boycott's family and they were forced to move.
At the end of 1880，some British newspapers began using Boycott’s name when reporting on a protest of unfair methods or actions._____35_____By the late 1880s,???The New York Times was reporting on boycotts. The word was generally used to describe labor protests against businesses. These days, consumers are able to use their buying power to boycott businesses they consider unfair.
A. The usage quickly spread.
B. In fact, it began with a man’s name.
C. This form of protest proved effective.
D. However, its original meaning is still unknown.
E. As a noun，the word boycott has a somewhat different meaning.
F. Otherwise，his last name may become a word people use when they protest.
G. Boycott’s job was to collect rents from the farmers who rented fields of the farm.
【答案與解析】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了單詞“boycott”的來歷以及所表達的意思。
31. 由“The word “boycott” comes to English through Irish, which can be used as both a verb and a noun. As a verb, boycott means to refuse to do something as a form of protest （抗 議”可知，“Boycott”既能用作名詞，也能用作動詞。作動詞使，“boycott”意思是以抗議的形式拒絕做某事。所以小題1要說明它作名詞使的意思，故E選項“作為名詞，“boycott”多少有些不一樣的意思”切題。故選E項。
32. 由“In the mid-1800s, a young man, Charles Boycott, worked as a land agent for the owner of a large country farm in Ireland”可知，在18世紀中期，一個叫做查爾斯·博伊科特的年輕人在愛爾蘭做大莊園主的地產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀人。所以小題2要總說這個單詞源于一個人的名字。然后在具體說明。故B選項“這個單詞源于一個人的名字”切題。故選B項。
33. 由“Later, the farmers demanded lower rents.”可知，佃農(nóng)要求降低租金。所以小題3要說明博伊科特的工作職責以此承接下文。故G選項“博伊科特的職責是從在莊園種植莊稼的佃農(nóng)那兒收取租金”切題。故選G項。
34. 由“He suggested to the farmers that they refuse to do business with Boycott.　　4　　 Since Boycott’s workers and servants refused to carry out his orders, the crops in his fields???went bad. ”可知，達維特建議佃農(nóng)拒絕和Boycott做生意，博伊科特的工人和仆人拒絕執(zhí)行他的命令，導致博伊科特地里的莊稼都壞了。所以小題4要起到承上啟下的作用。故A選項“結果證實這種形式的抗議非常奏效”切題。故選C項。
35. 由“At the end of 1880，some British newspapers began using Boycott’s name when reporting on a protest of unfair methods or actions.　　5　　By the late 1880s,???The New York Times was reporting on boycotts.”可知，1880年底，一些英國的報紙開始用博伊科特的名字來報告與不公平的方法或者行動有關的抗議活動。到19世紀80年代末，《紐約時報》一直在報道聯(lián)合抵抗的新聞。所以從1880年到19世紀80年代末這種用法很快就傳開了也就是小題5所要說明內(nèi)容。故A選項“這種用法很快就傳開了”切題。故選A項。
8
（2019·廣東湛江·二模）A group trip is much more different than what one might expect with an organized tour or a solo holiday. ____36____ Thus, it is certainly an experience to enjoy.
Going on holiday with a group of friends is all about having fun, creating memories and trying a new experience with a shared interest to travel. ___37___ It also helps you learn more about how to travel. Whether you decide to go in a large group of up to 10 people or more or go in a much smaller group of 4, group trips are a great way to bond and reconnect with one another. ___38___???It can happen periodically, perhaps once or twice a year.
Planning a group trip may be difficult but the result will be satisfying. Choose a popularly known destination or an unknown destination. This decision can actually set the foundation for the mood of the trip. ____39____ This will give group members an idea of what they can expect for the next group trip.
The purpose of the group trip, for some, may be to escape from the city or their current busy schedules. ____40____ Whether they will be positive or negative memories, the main idea is that as a group they will be able to link their trip to the memories created.
A. Besides, it doesn’t have to be a constant activity.
B. You will only enjoy such a trip once in a lifetime.
C. It means being inside jokes, great stories and plenty of laughs.
D. It’s special both in its form and the unique experience it offers.
E. For others, it may be to catch up with friends over a period of time.
F. They have been alone for too long a time and thus badly need a trip.
G. You will experience new or familiar destinations with close acquaintances.
【答案與解析】這是一篇說明文。文章說明了團體旅游的三點好處。
36. 根據(jù)下文Thus, it is certainly an experience to enjoy.（因此，這當然是一種享受的體驗。）可知上文對團體旅游是一種支持態(tài)度，故D選項“它的形式和獨特的體驗都很特別?！狈险Z境。故選D。
37. 根據(jù)上文Going on holiday with a group of friends is all about having fun, creating memories and trying a new experience with a shared interest to travel.（和一群朋友一起去度假就是為了玩得開心，創(chuàng)造回憶，嘗試一種新的體驗，分享旅行的樂趣。）可知團體旅游玩的開心意味著講笑話，講精彩的故事，開懷大笑。故選C。
38. 根據(jù)下文It can happen periodically, perhaps once or twice a year.（它可以周期性地發(fā)生，也許一年一兩次。）可知團體旅游它不必是一項持續(xù)的活動。故選A。
39. 根據(jù)上文Choose a popularly known destination or an unknown destination. This decision can actually set the foundation for the mood of the trip.（選擇一個眾所周知的目的地或一個未知的目的地。這個決定實際上可以為這次旅行的心情打下基礎。）中的destination可對應到G選項“你會和熟悉的人一起經(jīng)歷新的或熟悉的目的地?！惫蔬xG。
40. 根據(jù)上文The purpose of the group trip, for some, may be to escape from the city or their current busy schedules.（對于一些人來說，團體旅行的目的可能是為了逃離城市或他們目前繁忙的日程安排。）中for some可對應到E選項中for others，“對其他人來說，可能是在一段時間內(nèi)趕上朋友?！狈险Z境。故選E。
9
（2021·江蘇·徐州市第一中學模擬預測）Everyone is aware that taking good care of our bodies can prevent many medical problems from occurring later. However, we often have less awareness of preventative actions we should take to help with mental health problems. While our mental health may be fine right now, many of us will struggle at some point. ___41___ It’s impossible to get through life without challenges, but our mental health prevention habits can help us get through difficult times. ___42___
Keep active. The more active you physically, mentally and socially are, the higher the level of your mental wellness is likely to be. So go for walks and learn something new. There are many other ways to be active. ___43___
Be connected. Regular involvement in social activities with supportive friends and family improves your ability to handle disappointments, and everything else life throws at you. ___44___ But you can be involved in any manner; even volunteering for an organization can help you be more social.
___45___ The nature of these activities varies widely from person to person. The key is to identify what gives your life meaning. Volunteering, coaching, teaching, etc. all can contribute to increasing your sense of confidence and satisfaction with life. Many activities can address more than one. The key is to make a plan and stick with it. If you are already struggling, begin to practice these ways to help your recovery.
A. Here are three practical steps.
B. However, good mental health is important.
C. Stresses, disappointments and disasters happen.
D. Overcome life’s challenges before they happen.
E. Be committed to activities that give life meaning.
F. The key is to find what keeps you motivated and interested.
G. This can be difficult when you move to a new town or as you get older.
【答案與解析】本文是一篇說明文。每個人都知道，照顧好我們的身體可以防止許多醫(yī)療問題的發(fā)生。生活中不可能沒有挑戰(zhàn)，但是我們的心理健康預防習慣可以幫助我們度過困難時期。文章介紹了三個實用的方式。
41. 上文提示“雖然我們的心理健康現(xiàn)在可能很好，但我們中的許多人都會在某種情況下掙扎。”再根據(jù)下文提示“生活中不可能沒有挑戰(zhàn)，但是我們的心理健康預防習慣可以幫助我們度過困難時期?！背薪由舷挛?，C項Stresses, disappointments and disasters happen.（壓力、失望和災難總會發(fā)生。）承上啟下。故選C。
42. 上文提示“生活中不可能沒有挑戰(zhàn)，但是我們的心理健康預防習慣可以幫助我們度過困難時期?！痹俑鶕?jù)下面三段內(nèi)容， A項Here are three practical steps.（這里有三個實用的步驟。）承上啟下。故選A。
43. 上文提示“有很多其他的活躍方式?！背薪由衔?，F(xiàn)項The key is to find what keeps you motivated and interested.（關鍵是找到讓你保持動力和興趣的東西。）切題。故選F。
44. 上文提示“經(jīng)常和支持你的朋友和家人一起參加社交活動，可以提高你處理失望和生活中其他事情的能力?！痹俑鶕?jù)下文提示“但你可以以任何方式參與其中；即使是為一個組織做志愿者也能幫助你更加社會化。”承接上下文，G項This can be difficult when you move to a new town or as you get older.（當你搬到一個新的城鎮(zhèn)或隨著年齡的增長，這可能會很困難。）切題。該項中的this指的是上文內(nèi)容；而橫線下句中的but與該項構成轉(zhuǎn)折。故選G。
45. 下文提示“這些活動的性質(zhì)因人而異?！背薪酉挛?，E項Be committed to activities that give life meaning.（致力于那些賦予生活意義的活動。）切題。故選E。
10
（2019·廣東佛山·一模）The history of writing instruments, with which humans have recorded and conveyed thoughts and feelings, is the history of civilization itself. This is how we know about our ancestors and their life.
The handy sharpened-stone was adapted into the first writing instrument. Around 24,000 BC, the cave man started drawing pictures with the stone onto the walls of his cave.____46____Walls at the Apollo site in Namibia are believed to be the oldest rock paintings to date.
Before paper came along, people used clay or wax tablets on which they wrote with sharp objects such as metal sticks or bones. Around 6000 years ago, the Egyptians invented the first paperlike material called papyrus. The word “paper” actually comes from the word “papyrus”.
___47___Bones or metal sticks were no longer useful as the papyrus could not be scratched. So the Egyptians created a reed-pen perfect for the papyrus.____48____And thus, ancient Egyptians transformed bamboo stems (莖) into an early form of a fountain pen.
Another writing instrument that remained active in history for a long period was the quill (鵝毛) pen. Introduced around 700 AD, the quill was a pen made from a bird feather. Goose feathers were most common.____49____For making fine line drawings, crow feathers were the best.
When writers had better inks and paper and handwriting had developed into both an art form and an everyday occurrence, man’s inventive nature once again turned to improving the writing instrument.___50___
A. Now something was needed to write upon the papyrus.
B. The papyrus became the most popular material at that time.
C. Swan feathers were of a high quality, being rare and most expensive.
D. Bamboo stems were better and much more expensive than goose feathers.
E. This led to the development of the modern fountain pen in the 19th century.
F. These were mostly the stems of grasses, especially from the bamboo plant.
G. These drawings showed events in daily life like the planting of crops or hunting victories.
【答案與解析】本文是一篇說明文。人類用來記錄和表達思想感情的書寫工具的歷史，就是文明本身的歷史。這就是我們?nèi)绾瘟私馕覀兊淖嫦群退麄兊纳睢Ｎ恼陆榻B了改進書寫工具的發(fā)展。
46. 上文提示“大約公元前24000年，穴居人開始用石頭在洞穴的墻上畫畫?！痹俑鶕?jù)下文提示“納米比亞阿波羅遺址的墻壁被認為是迄今為止最古老的巖畫?！背薪由舷挛模珿項These drawings showed events in daily life like the planting of crops or hunting victories.（這些圖畫展示了日常生活中的事件，如種植莊稼或打獵的勝利。）切題。故選G。
47. 下文提示“由于紙莎草紙不能被刮傷，骨頭或金屬棒不再有用。”承接下文，A項Now something was needed to write upon the papyrus.（現(xiàn)在需要在紙莎草紙上寫點什么。）切題。故選A。
48. 上文提示“因此，埃及人創(chuàng)造了一種蘆葦筆，完美地用于紙莎草紙?！背薪由衔模現(xiàn)項These were mostly the stems of grasses, especially from the bamboo plant.（這些主要是草的莖，尤其是竹子的莖。）切題。故選F。
49. 上文提示“最常見的是鵝毛?！背薪由衔模珻.項Swan feathers were of a high quality, being rare and most expensive.（天鵝羽毛質(zhì)量很好，既稀有又昂貴。）切題。故選C。
50. 上文提示“當作家們有了更好的墨水、紙張和書法，它們已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為一種藝術形式和日常生活的一部分時，人類的創(chuàng)造性再一次轉(zhuǎn)向改進書寫工具?！背薪由衔?，E項This led to the development of the modern fountain pen in the 19th century.（這導致了現(xiàn)代鋼筆在19世紀的發(fā)展。）切題。故選E。
11
（2021·重慶南開中學模擬預測）
How to Build a Better Breakfast
We've all heard that breakfast is the most important meal of the day, and that may actually be true. A study found that breakfast eaters were more likely to lose weight than those who didn't eat a morning meal. ___51___ But it's not just when you eat; it's what you eat. These tips will help you really rise and shine:
1. Eat even if you're not hungry.
Although you might not feel like eating first thing in the morning, it's a good idea to get something into your system. Eating within 90 minutes of waking up will jump-start your metabolism（新陳代謝）and keep you from getting hungry later. ___52___
2. Be boring.
Changing what you eat is a good idea in theory, but if you are watching your weight, you might want to stick with the same old menu. People who allowed their breakfast calories to change have larger waists（腰圍）and a higher incidence of metabolic syndrome（代謝綜合征）than folks who keep their morning calorie intake constant, no matter how much they eat the rest of the day. ___53___
3. Add peanuts or peanut butter.
By eating peanuts or peanut butter, the carbohydrates(碳水化合物）are taken in more slowly and blood sugar does not rise as high. ___54___ So they are less likely to snack later.
4. ___55___
There's an old saying that advises ''Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince and dinner like a pauper. " It's worth following. Those who eat a balanced 700-calorie breakfast over a 12-week period lower their blood sugar and blood pressure twice more than people who eat a 200-calorie meal. They also lose an average of 19.2 pounds and have lower levels of ghrelin, the "hunger hormone（激素）.
A. Go big.
B. Pile on the produce.
C. Other studies link skipping breakfast with a higher risk of developing high blood pressure, heart disease, and type 2 diabetes（糖尿病）.
D. So it's worth making the effort to hold it steady.
E. It could set you up for overeating throughout the day.
F. Just a banana will do the trick.
G. Plus women feel fuller for up to 12 hours after eating the peanut butter or peanuts.
【答案與解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了如何吃一頓更好的早餐的幾點建議。
51. 根據(jù)空前的“A study found that breakfast eaters were more likely to lose weight than those who didn't eat a morning meal.可知，一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，吃早餐的人比不吃早餐的人更容易減肥，此處承接上文，講的是不吃早餐的其他危害，故C項（其他研究表明，不吃早餐會增加患高血壓、心臟病和2型糖尿病的風險）符合語境。
52. 根據(jù)空前的“Eating within 90 minutes of waking up will jump-start your metabolism（新陳代謝）and keep you from getting hungry later.”可知，起床后90分鐘內(nèi)吃東西會加速你的新陳代謝，讓你不會感到餓，此處補充說明，說的是關于吃的東西，故F項（一根香蕉就可以了）符合語境。
53. 根據(jù)空前的“People who allowed their breakfast calories to change have larger waists（腰圍）and a higher incidence of metabolic syndrome（代謝綜合征）than folks who keep their morning calorie intake constant, no matter how much they eat the rest of the day.”可知，與那些保持早晨卡路里攝入量不變的人相比，那些不改變早餐卡路里攝入量的人腰圍更大，患代謝綜合征的幾率也更高，不管他們接下來一天吃了多少，此處總結上文，故D項（所以努力保持穩(wěn)定是值得的）符合語境。
54. 根據(jù)空后的“So they are less likely to snack later.”可知，所以她們以后不太可能吃零食，此處解釋原因，故G項（此外，女性在食用花生醬或花生后，會感到長達12小時的飽腹感）符合語境。
55. 根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容，特別是第一句“There's an old saying that advises ''Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince and dinner like a pauper. "”可知，早餐要像國王一樣吃，午餐要像王子一樣吃，晚餐要像乞丐一樣吃”，再結合后面的對比可知，本段講的是早餐要吃就吃好，故A項（做大點）符合語境。
12
（2020·陜西咸陽·一模）Traveling with kids, regardless of the age, is a terrible thing for new parents. Responsibility is high and travel expenses might be unexpected at any point of the trip. If you are planning your first road trip or vacation with children, there are several important things to consider.
Get a child locator. ____56____ and many parents sometimes lose their kids Popular tourist destinations are overcrowded, too. So, if you are afraid of losing your children, get a child locator to be aware of where your kids are going when they accidentally get lost.
___57___ You do not need to pack tons of toys, sweets and a tablet full of games in order to keep your little ones entertained. You can encourage them to create a travel journal or smash book, read, tell each other stories, or give them a camera to capture the most precious moments during your trip. ___58___
___59___ This is a must even during the shortest road trip. You can handle a headache, but your child can’t. If you do not know what to put in your first aid kit (急救箱), consult your children’s doctor, because all children are different and the medicines either.
Apart from the above, money, passport, avoiding heavy luggage, pick a family-friendly destination and family friendly accommodation are also needed. Traveling with kids is exciting and interesting. Your first trip might not be so exciting, but with a careful preparation, your family trip will be the most memorable one. ___60___
A. Keep them careful
B. Keep them entertained
C. Pack a small, kid-friendly first aid kit.
D. Board games might be a god choice, too
E. Airports and train stations are usually overcrowded.
F. Avoiding your little ones in the panning of the trip is a good idea.
G. Involve your little ones in the planning of the trip, which will help you
【答案與解析】這是一篇說明文。對初為人父母的人來說，無論年齡多大，和孩子一起旅行都是一件可怕的事情。責任重大，旅途中的任何時候都可能發(fā)生意外。因此文章說明了四點和孩子們的第一次自駕游或假期需要考慮的事情。
56. 根據(jù)下文and many parents sometimes lose their kids. Popular tourist destinations are overcrowded, too.（很多父母有時會失去他們的孩子。受歡迎的旅游景點也過于擁擠。）可知本空為描述一個過于擁擠的場所，其中overcrowded對應到E選項中Airports and train stations are usually overcrowded.（機場和火車站通常人滿為患。）代入符合語境，故選E。
57. 根據(jù)下文You do not need to pack tons of toys, sweets and a tablet full of games in order to keep your little ones entertained.（你不需要打包成噸的玩具，糖果和一個充滿游戲的平板電腦，以保持你的孩子的注意力。）中entertained可對應到B選項中Keep them entertained（讓他們保持開心）。代入符合語境，故選B。
58. 根據(jù)上文You can encourage them to create a travel journal or smash book, read, tell each other stories, or give them a camera to capture the most precious moments during your trip.（你可以鼓勵他們寫一本旅行日志或一本好書，互相閱讀、講故事，或者給他們一個相機，捕捉旅途中最珍貴的時刻。）可知是提出記錄旅程的方式，故D選項“棋盤游戲可能也是一個不錯的選擇”代入符合語境。故選D。
59. 根據(jù)本段最后一句If you do not know what to put in your first aid kit, consult your children’s doctor, because all children are different and the medicines either.（如果你不知道該在急救箱里放些什么，請咨詢你孩子的醫(yī)生，因為所有的孩子都是不同的，藥物也是不同的。）可推知本段是建議準備兒童急救箱。故選C“打包一個適合兒童使用的小急救箱”。
60. 根據(jù)上文Your first trip might not be so exciting, but with a careful preparation, your family trip will be the most memorable one.（你的第一次旅行可能沒有那么令人興奮，但經(jīng)過精心準備，你的家庭旅行將是最難忘的一次。）中your family trip可對應到G選項中planning of the trip 。表示“讓你的孩子參與這次旅行的計劃，這會對你有幫助”。故選G。
13
（2020·吉林·二模）Food will become healthier and the food choices will become smarter and promote healthy eating once your kitchen is well organized.___61___. They also give you a head start to start establishing a kitchen that encourages you to eat quality food.
Keep fresh spices and herbs within reachable distance. When you add fresh herbs to your food, you can make it not only healthy but also delicious, which will help you in actively avoiding unhealthy foods like salt, butter, etc. These foods are known to raise the deliciousness. This is why it is hard for us to let it go initially.___62___, it becomes much easier to form good eating habits.
Keep all your healthy items close at hand. Place all the low-calorie snacks easy to reach so that your first response is to grab something healthy when you have a hunger pang.___63___. They can be accessed only when you are facing extreme desire. This way, you can avoid the evil thought of grabbing one every time you enter the storeroom.
Keep all your small appliances (電器) handy.___64___, chances are that they will end up at the back of the cabinet, never to be used again. Bring out all your small appliances like a juicer that has been eating dirt in your storage cupboards.
___65___. Remove all the items from the fridge and clean it properly. You can also organize it in such a way that all your healthy food and produce are in the front and the other items are at the back.
A. Keep your fridge organized
B. Make your fridge easy to clean
C. You can also add an iPad station in the kitchen
D. These ideas will be helpful in better organizing your kitchen
E. But once there are tastier and healthier alternatives within reach
F. When you have to put in far too much effort to locate the small items
G. You can also hide all your chocolates in a place where they are not visible to you
【答案與解析】這是一篇說明文。短文就如何合理規(guī)劃廚房，可以讓我們吃得更健康提出了幾點建議。
61. 由“They also give you a head start to start establishing a kitchen that encourages you to eat quality food.”可知，他們也給你一個良好的開始去建立一個廚房，鼓勵你吃高質(zhì)量的食物。所以小題1要與后一句為并列關系，來說明幾種建議的益處同時引出下文中的幾點建議。故D選項“這些想法將有助于更好地組織你的廚房”切題。故選D項。
62. 由“it becomes much easier to form good eating habits.”可知，養(yǎng)成良好的飲食習慣將變得更簡單。所以小題2要補充完整這個狀語從句，且表示條件。故E選項“但是如果有更美味更健康的選擇”切題。故選E項。
63. 由“They can be accessed only when you are facing extreme desire”可知，只有當你實在抵制不了那種欲望的時候才能拿出來吃。所以小題3要與下一句為承接關系。故E選項“你也可以把你所有的巧克力都藏在你看不見的地方”切題。故選G項。
64. 由“chances are that they will end up at the back of the cabinet, never to be used again”可知，很有可能這些電器最后的結局就是在櫥柜后面積滿灰塵，永不再用。所以小題4要補充完這個從句，且表示時間，意在說明本段的主題“把你所有的小電器放在手邊”。故F選項“當你不得不花太多的精力去尋找這些小東西時”切題。故選F項。
65. 由“Remove all the items from the fridge and clean it properly. You can also organize it in such a way that all your healthy food and produce are in the front and the other items are at the back.”可知，把冰箱里所有的東西都拿出來，好好清潔一下。你也可以把所有的健康食品和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品放在前面，其它的放在后面。所以本段在說明保持你的冰箱井然有序也就是是小題5本段的小標題所要說明的內(nèi)容。故A選項“保持你的冰箱井然有序”切題。故選A項。
14
（2020·陜西·西安中學一模）We know that choosing a college major can be very hard. But have no fear! Your choice of major will not lock you into a specific career for the rest of your life. Here's what you need to know about college majors before you commit.
What is a major?
___66___Beyond general college requirements， you'll also take a group of courses in a subject of your choosing such as Chemistry， Literature， or Political Science.
How important is my major?
The major you choose will neither predict nor guarantee your future. Many graduates find jobs that have nothing to do with what they studied in college. If you intend to earn a professional degree after college， you will probably need certain courses. ___67___
When do I declare a major?
This varies widely across schools and programs.____68____Others require that you declare upon a major by the time that you set foot inside your first class.
___69___
Definitely. One of the most exciting aspects of college life is that it introduces you to new subjects and arouses new passions. However， keep this in mind. Every major has necessary coursework. If you change your major late in the game， it may take more than the traditional four years to earn a degree.
What are minors and double majors?
If one field of study doesn’t satisfy your intellectual appetite， consider a minor. A minor is similar to a major in that it’s an area of academic concentration.___70___A double major provides you with an understanding of two academic fields. It allows you to become familiar with two sets of values and views while it also requires you to fulfill two sets of requirements.
A. Can I change my mind?
B. Is my major time-consuming?
C. It's your specialized area of study in college.
D. Most students find one major is more than enough.
E. Some schools may give you one year or more to decide.
F. But many future doctors major in non-science related fields.
G. The only difference is that it doesn’t require as many classes.
【答案與解析】這是一篇說明文，介紹了關于大學所選專業(yè)的一些信息。
66. 本段小標題為“什么是專業(yè)？”，根據(jù)下文Beyond general college requirements， you'll also take a group of courses in a subject of your choosing such as Chemistry， Literature， or Political Science.可知，除了通用的大學要求，你還將學習一門你選擇的課程，如化學，文學或政治科學。符合本段主題，承接下文，C項（這是你在大學學習的專業(yè)領域。）切題。故選C項。
67. 根據(jù)上文If you intend to earn a professional degree after college， you will probably need certain courses.可知，如果你打算在大學畢業(yè)后獲得專業(yè)學位，您可能需要某些特定的課程。F項（但許多未來的醫(yī)生主修非科學相關領域。）與之形成對比，闡釋了“The major you choose will neither predict nor guarantee your future.（你的專業(yè)選擇既不會預測也不會保證你的未來）”這一句話，故選F項。
68. 根據(jù)上文This varies widely across schools and programs可知，關于什么時候選專業(yè)，不同學校和項目的差異很大。根據(jù)下文Others require that you declare upon a major by the time that you set foot inside your first class.可知，其他學校則要求你在上第一節(jié)課時就申請專業(yè)。承上啟下，E項（有些學?？赡軙o你一天或以上的時間去決定）切題，故選E項。
69. 根據(jù)這一段中If you change your major late in the game可知，這一段與換專業(yè)有關，故選A項（我可以改變主意嗎？）
70. 根據(jù)上文If one field of study doesn' t satisfy your intellectual appetite， consider a minor. A minor is similar to a major in that it’s an area of academic concentration.可知，如果一個研究領域不能滿足您的智力需求，考慮輔修。輔修專業(yè)與主專業(yè)相似的地方是它們都是學術集中的領域。承接上文，G項（唯一的區(qū)別是它不需要上那么多課。）切題，故選G項。
15
（2019·安徽·模擬預測）An acquaintance has something in common with you and merely enjoys your company for a short time. A fair-weather friend flatters (討好）you when the sun is shining and the birds are singing. ___71___They would never do the following things.
Walk away when times get tough. True friendship is all about how a person helps another person when they are down and can give very little in return. Thus, take note of who remains in your life when times get tough. Seriously，when you come out the other side of a difficult period in your life, look around you. ___72___
Hold hatred (憎恨）over your head. Some people will refuse to accept that you are no longer who you used to be—that you made mistakes in the past，learned from them, and moved beyond them. ___73___ Instead，they help you repair your present and future.
Pretend like they have all the answers. You may think about the people who have had the greatest positive effect on your life—the ones who truly made a difference. ___74___ True friends are the ones who sit silently with you when you need a moment to think. They'd always lend you a shoulder when you need to cry.
___75___ You deserve to be with friends who make you smile—friends who don't take you for granted and won't leave you hanging. When you notice that a friend is always taking advantage of you instead of offering help when you need，you might need to distance yourself from them for a while. A true friend should want to give，but they shouldn't be forced to always give more than they get.
A. Let you down.
B. Take from you without giving back.
C. The people still standing beside you are your true friends
D. True friends never hold the unchangeable past against you.
E. True friends love and appreciate each other just the way they are.
F. A true friend，on the other hand，has your very best interests at heart.
G. However, you’ll soon realize that they aren’t the ones that tried to solve all your problems.
【答案與解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一個真正的朋友決不會做的幾件事。
71. 根據(jù)空后的“They would never do the following things.”可知，他們永遠不會做下面的事情，這說明真正的朋友時刻以你的利益為重，故F項（另一方面，一個真正的朋友會把你最大的利益放在心上）符合語境。
72. 根據(jù)空前的“Seriously，when you come out the other side of a difficult period in your life, look around you.”可知，說真的，當你在困難時期的另一邊出來的時候，看看你的周圍，此處承接上文，說的是你發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么，故C項（站在你身邊的人是你真正的朋友）符合語境。
73. 根據(jù)空后的“Instead，they help you repair your present and future.”可知，相反，他們會幫助你修整現(xiàn)在和將來，Instead表明此處會提到一種相反的做法，故D項（真正的朋友從不對你耿耿于懷）符合語境。
74. 根據(jù)空后的“True friends are the ones who sit silently with you when you need a moment to think.”可知，真正的朋友是那些在你需要思考的時候靜靜地和你坐在一起的人，故G項（然而，你很快就會意識到，他們并不是試圖解決你所有的問題的人）符合語境。
75. 此處為本段主題句，根據(jù)每段主題句的句式特點和本段內(nèi)容可知，本段講的是真正的朋友決不會只從你身上索取而不知回報，故B項（從你身上索取而不回報）符合語境。
16
（2021·甘肅·天水市第一中學模擬預測）Smiling is a great way to make yourself stand out while helping your body to function better. It is just one fun way to live longer, read about the others and try as many as you can.___76___
1. Smiling makes us attractive
___77___There is an attraction factor. We want to know a smiling person and figure out what is so good. Frowns and sorrows all push people away—but a smile draws them in. When someone is smiling they lighten up the room, change the moods of others, and make things happier. Smile a lot and you will draw people to you.
2. ___78___
Stress can really show up in our faces, while smiling helps to prevent us from looking tired, worn down, and overwhelmed. When you are stressed, it is of great significance to take time to put on a smile, which can trick the body into helping you change your mood. The stress should be reduced and you’ll be better able to take action.
3. Smiling Lowers Your Blood Pressure
When you smile, there is a measurable reduction in your blood pressure. ___79___ Sit for a few minutes, take a reading. Then smile for a minute and take another reading while still smiling. Do you notice a difference?
4. Smiling Makes You Seem Successful
Smiling people appear more confident, are more likely to be promoted, and more likely to be approached.___80___
Next time you are feeling down, try putting on a smile. There's a good chance your mood will change for the better.
A. The muscles we use to smile lift the face, making a person appear younger.
B. Smiling Relieves Stress
C. Here are some reasons to keep smiling in your daily life.
D. Give it a try if you have a blood pressure monitor at home.
E. Put on a smile at meetings and appointments and people will react to you differently.
F. When we smile our body is sending the rest of us a message that "Life is Good !"
G. We are drawn to people who smile.
【答案與解析】這是一篇說明文。微笑有許多好處：微笑可以讓你脫穎而出，讓你變得更健康、更能抵抗壓力和讓你更有魅力。微笑讓你活得更加長久快樂，還有可能晉升職位。既然有那么多的好處，盡你所能在日常生活中試著去微笑。
76. 本題位于段末，本段主要概述微笑有許多好處，如：讓你脫穎而出、更有魅力、讓你更長壽等。以及下文的四個小標題可知，本小題是對下文4個小標題的總結。由此可知此題是說在日常生活中保持微笑的原因。分析選項可知C項符合題意，故選C。
77. 本題位于段首，本段的主題句為“Smiling makes us attractive.”以及本段中的“a smile draws them in.”可知，微笑讓我們有吸引力，我們被微笑的人所吸引。分析選項，可知G項（We are drawn to people who smile.）與本段的意義一致，且有詞“draw”的復現(xiàn)。故選G。
78. 本小題為一段的小標題，分析下面一段的內(nèi)容可知，本段是說微笑有助于掩蓋你的疲憊，讓你的情緒改變，緩解壓力，使你更好地行動。分析選項可知，B項Smiling Relieves Stress（微笑緩解壓力）符合題意，故選B。
79. 本題屬于段中，本題所在的小標題為“微笑能降低你的血壓”，本段舉例坐幾分鐘、看書、微笑，最后問“注意到區(qū)別了嗎？”可知，想知道區(qū)別就要用血壓計來量一下。分析選項可知D項Give it a try if you have a blood pressure monitor at home.（如果你家里有血壓計，試試看）與此段意義一致，且有詞“blood pressure”的復現(xiàn)。故選D項。
80. 本句的前一句“微笑的人看起來更自信，更有可能被晉升，也更有可能被接近?！币虼嗽诩s會時要微笑，這樣就會使你看起來易于接近，開會時微笑更有可能會被晉升。分析選項可知，E項Put on a smile at meetings and appointments and people will react to you differently.（在會議和約會上微笑，人們會對你做出不同的反應。）符合題意，故選E。
17
（2021·黑龍江大慶·二模）I think it is safe to say that happiness is the king of emotions. Everyone wants to talk about how to get it, ways to prolong it and the benefits associated with it. Not surprisingly, negative emotions are considered to be bad. ___81___ But bad feelings can be a valuable way to arouse you to take action. In fact, they can be a surprising source of personal growth by doing the following things.
● Recognize what you are feeling.???There are going to be times when the negative emotions are just temporary. ___82___ However, if it happens on a frequent basis, your mind is trying to tell you something and you need to handle it.
●___83___ Once you recognize the negative emotion you are feeling, you need to understand just what is behind it. The trouble is that often the cause of your bad feelings might be hard to see. Is it your home life, work, friends, unrealized dreams or various other frustrations? Take your time figuring it out and get to the root of what is causing the negative emotion.
● Take correct action. In some cases, it might be easy. If someone consistently makes you angry, you can just avoid them. In many other cases, you might need to take even bolder（大膽的） action. ___84___ Hopefully you have a different opinion on negative emotions now. They are not things designed to only make your life miserable. ___85___
A. Understand the causes.
B. Action is the real cause of pain.
C. Acknowledge your true feelings.
D. They are to be avoided at all costs.
E. What they really are is a signal for change.
F. Everyone feels a little down every once in a while.
G. An example of that would be ending a failing marriage or quitting your job.
【答案與解析】這是一篇說明文。消極情緒被認為是不好的，負面情緒是無論如何都要避免的。但是壞情緒是一種激發(fā)你采取行動的有價值的方式。文章說明了三種面對消極情緒的方法。
81. 根據(jù)上文Not surprisingly, negative emotions are considered to be bad. 毫無疑問，消極情緒被認為是不好的?？赏茰y負面情緒是無論如何都要避免的。故選D。
82. 根據(jù)上文There are going to be times when the negative emotions are just temporary. 有些時候負面情緒只是暫時的?？赏茰y每隔一段時間，每個人都會感到有點沮喪。故選F。
83. 根據(jù)后文Once you recognize the negative emotion you are feeling, you need to understand just what is behind it. 一旦你意識到你所感受到的消極情緒，你就需要明白它的背后是什么。即你需要了解你感受到的消極情緒是由什么原因?qū)е碌?。故選A。
84. 根據(jù)上文In many other cases, you might need to take even bolder（大膽的） action. 在許多其他情況下，你可能需要采取更大膽的行動。下文舉出大膽行為的例子：例如結束一段失敗的婚姻或辭掉工作。故選G。
85. 根據(jù)上文They are not things designed to only make your life miserable.可知它們不是只會讓你的生活變得悲慘的東西。可推測下文指出他們的真實含義是：它們的本質(zhì)是改變的信號。故選E。
18
（2019·山西·臨汾第一中學校一模）
How to Make a Chinese Hot Pot
Eating a Chinese hot pot is a very common experience. People gather around the pot, dipping their food, waiting for it to cook, mixing their own seasonings (調(diào)味品) and enjoying each other's company. ____86____
Firstly, prepare a large pot of soup. There is no right or wrong way to prepare a soup, so feel free to make your own. A simple soup can be made by boiling water with the addition of meat bones or fish heads and a mixture of herbs, seasonings and vegetables.
Then, cut a variety of meats and fish into thin slices.____87____. Choose any food that you enjoy. Some common choices for Chinese hot pot include thin pieces of beef, pork, lamb and so on. You can make your hot pot using the more traditional method of using the meats and seafood that are local to you. Meanwhile, select, wash and prepare some vegetables. ____88____ Mushrooms of all kinds are also common to Chinese hot pot preparations.
____89____At home, a single hot pot would work well up to 4-8 people depending on the size of the pot. Make sure everyone is sitting in a circle and has easy access to everything on the table. Prepare a separate small dish for each guest to mix their seasonings. ____90____!
A. Finally, arrange the seating reasonably
B. Now comes the turn to enjoy your hot pot
C. It will guarantee that the items will cook quickly and fully
D. Here are some easy steps to make a Chinese hot pot at home
E. For more variety, consider dumplings, rice cakes and tangyuan
F. Popular choices include: cabbage, pea leaves, winter melon and tomato
G. It usually lasts a couple of hours because you are cooking and eating in small parts
【答案與解析】本文屬于記敘文閱讀，作者通過這篇文章向我們介紹了在家中做火鍋的一些步驟。
86. 根據(jù)后文Firstly，prepare a large pot of soup；Then，cut a variety of meats and fish into thin slices可知此處介紹的是在家中做火鍋的一些步驟，故選D。
87. 根據(jù)前文Then，cut a variety of meats and fish into thin slices可知要把魚，肉切成薄片，這樣可以快速而充分的烹飪，故選C。
88. 根據(jù)前文Meanwhile，select，wash and prepare some vegetables. 可知同時還要準備一些蔬菜，因此推斷F項最受歡迎的選擇包括：卷心菜、豌豆葉、冬瓜和番茄。符合語境，故選F。
89. 根據(jù)后文At home，a single hot pot would work well up to 8people depending on the size of the pot.在家里，根據(jù)火鍋的大小，一個火鍋最多可以供4-8人使用。因此推斷本段介紹了要合理安排座位，故選A。
90. 根據(jù)前文Prepare a separate small dish for each guest to mix their seasonings. 可知要給每人準備一個單獨的小盤子，接下來就可以享用火鍋了，故選B。
19
（2019·安徽·一模）When big news breaks, it's easy to get caught up in following the story online. The Internet can be a place to find useful information. _____91_____ Helping kids understand the news and how to separate fact from fiction is an important job for parents and educators.
Here's some advice that parents can offer kids to help them be quicker to judge as they consume news online.
_____92_____ In the rush to cover stories, reporters make mistakes, officials don't always have correct information and tidbits (八卦新聞) that sound reasonable often get passed around before anyone has checked them for accuracy.
Use social media wisely. Some say Twitter is a great source of news in the first few minutes of a tragedy. _____93_____ On the other hand, Facebook can be a great way to connect with friends affected by events in the news and to spread personal news within a more limited circle.
Be skeptical. _____94_____ After the Boston Marathon bombing, NBC Sports reported that some runners kept running all the way to the hospital to donate blood for the victims. Not true. There are plenty of websites devoted to exposing false news stories. The Washington Post also has a Fact Checker column that delivers claims made by public officials and politicians. Visit them to find out if a story is true.
Keep it age-appropriate. Kids aren't always ready to digest big, tragic news - especially if the news is about kids, such as school shootings or abuses.???The constant repetition of information can be confusing for younger kids, and at the beginning of a news event, parents might not be able to offer any correct answers. _____95_____
A. Remember, breaking news is often wrong.
B. It also can be the source of misinformation.
C. If something sounds too good to be true, it probably is.
D. Make sure you and your kids aren't falling victim to false news.
E. However, after that it just becomes messy and largely inaccurate.
F. With social media at your fingertips, it's convenient to express your opinion.
G. Kids who are eager to learn more about certain events can check kid-guided news sources.
【答案與解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一些建議給父母和教育者，幫助孩子理解網(wǎng)上的新聞，區(qū)分真假。
91. 上文提示“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是一個可以找到有用信息的地方?！背薪由衔模珺項It also can be the source of misinformation.（它也可能是錯誤信息的來源。）切題。此處also將上下文連接在一起。故選B。
92. 下文提示“在匆忙報道新聞的過程中，記者會犯錯誤，官員們并不總是掌握正確的信息，而那些聽起來合情合理的小道消息往往會在任何人檢查其準確性之前就被傳開?！背薪酉挛?，A項Remember, breaking news is often wrong.（記住，突發(fā)新聞往往是錯誤的。）切題。故選A。
93. 上文提示“有人說，在悲劇發(fā)生的頭幾分鐘里，Twitter是一個很好的新聞來源。”承接上文，E. However, after that it just becomes messy and largely inaccurate.（然而，在那之后，它就變得混亂，而且在很大程度上是不準確的。）切題。該項中的However表示一種轉(zhuǎn)折關系，將上下文僅僅聯(lián)系在一起。故選E。
94. 根據(jù)本段小標題“務必持懷疑態(tài)度”。再根據(jù)下文提示“波士頓馬拉松爆炸案發(fā)生后，NBC體育報道稱，一些跑步者一直跑到醫(yī)院為受害者獻血。不是真的?！背薪訕祟}和下文，C項If something sounds too good to be true, it probably is.（如果某件事聽起來好得令人難以置信，那么它很可能不是真的。）切題。故選C。
95. 上文提示“不斷重復的信息可能會讓年幼的孩子感到困惑，而且在新聞活動開始時，父母可能無法提供任何正確的答案?！背薪由衔模珿項Kids who are eager to learn more about certain events can check kid-guided news sources.（想要更多地了解某些事件的孩子可以查看兒童指導的新聞來源。）切題。故選G。
20
（2020·安徽滁州·一模）The best way to set yourself up for success is to make sure that your goals are SMART: specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and timely.
Make your goals specific.
You need to give yourself a concrete goal so you know exactly what you’re working toward. ___96___Who will be involved in helping you reach your goal? What exact goal do you want to accomplish? Be very specific. When will you start and when will you reach your goal?
Make your goals measurable.
Now that you have some of the specifics of your goal nailed down, it's time to look at how you will measure your progress. After all, if you don’t have any way to measure your goal, how will you know when you’ve reached it?___97___ Some examples of measurable goals might be pounds lost, a positive change in blood work numbers, or fitness minutes accumulated.
Make your goals attainable.
It’s good to think big. ___98___ A goal that’s attainable for you is one that you believe you can reach and have all the support, equipment, knowledge and resources needed to put your goals into action.
Make your goals relevant.
You need to make sure that you’re choosing a goal that fits you and your lifestyle. ___99___Pick something that is meaningful and relevant to you and you ll set yourself up for success.
Make your goals timely.
___100___Otherwise, it will be difficult to know how to pace yourself to reach it. Every goal should have a date, which will help you stay on track. In addition, set up a few mini-deadlines to keep you on track to reaching your big-picture goal.
A.Put a deadline on your goal.
B. Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.
C. You know your goal is specific if it answers these questions.
D. Therefore, you should know in advance how you will make this happen.
E. However, it’s also important that you don’t set a goal that is too big to reach.
F. Don’t choose a goal just because someone else thinks it’s something you “should” do.
G. Your goal is measurable if you can find a way to quantify your success using real numbers.
【答案與解析】這是一篇說明文，如果人們要想取得成功，設立一個具體的可行的目標很重要，本文給出了五條設立目標的建議。
96. 根據(jù)橫線后三句中的三個問句“Who will be involved in helping you reach your goal? What exact goal do you want to accomplish? When will you start and when will you reach your goal?”可知，如果我們能夠清楚地知道這三個問題的答案，那么我們的目標就是非常清晰的。C項“You know your goal is specific if it answers these questions.”符合上下文語境，故選C項。
97. 橫線后句“Some examples of measurable goals might be pounds lost, a positive change in blood work numbers, or fitness minutes accumulated.”列舉的事例恰好使用數(shù)字來測量我們所取得的進步，G項“Your goal is measurable if you can find a way to quantify your success using real numbers.”內(nèi)容恰好是用真實數(shù)字測量你所取得的進步，與上下文語境相符，故G項正確。
98. 本段的標題是“Make your goals attainable”意為“讓你的目標可以實現(xiàn)”，雖然遠大的目標很精彩，但設立的目標不要太好高騖遠，要能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)。E項“However, it’s also important that you don’t set a goal that is too big to reach.”與本段標題提及橫線前一句內(nèi)容一致，故選E項。
99. 橫線前一句“You need to make sure that you’re choosing a goal that fits you and your lifestyle.”告訴我們要確保選擇了一個適合自己的目標，而不是受別人的影響而選擇了不適合自己的目標。F項“Don’t choose a goal just because someone else thinks it’s something you “should” do.”符合上下文語境，故選F項。
100. 橫線后一句“Otherwise, it will be difficult to know how to pace yourself to reach it”建議我們要催促我們達成目標，也就是說要給自己的目標設立一個時間節(jié)點。A項“Put a deadline on your goal.”符合上下文語境，故選A項。
21
（2018·北京·一模）
The Value of Tears
Tears can ruin make-up, bring conversation to a stop, and give you a runny nose. Tears leave you embarrassed and without energy. Still, crying is a fact of life, and your tears are very useful. Even when you’re not crying, they make a film over the eye’s surface.___101___
When tears fall, they reduce stress. But we tend to fight them for all sorts of reasons. “People worry about showing their emotions, afraid that once they lose control they’ll never get it back.”___102___ After we cry, the feelings that caused the tears often disappear.
Sometimes people become much stressed and can’t cry. Whatever emotion they are feeling—shock, anger, fear, or sadness—is being held back.
But everyone has the need to cry. Psychologist Vera Diamond explains that her treatment often consists of giving people permission to cry. ___103___Patients practice crying just to become used to expressing emotions. She suggests safe, private places to cry, like under the bedcovers or in the car. Crying is a way of reducing tension, but people don’t like it when others cry because it makes them tense.___104___ And they’ll do just about anything to make you stop.
In certain situations, such as at work, tears are not appropriate. It’s good not to cry during a tense business discussion.___105___You should also act out the whole situation again and be as noisy and angry as you like. It will help you feel better. “And,” she adds, “Once your tears have taken away the stress, you can begin to think calmly of ways to deal with the problem.”
Tears are a sign of our ability to feel. If you find yourself near someone crying, deal with it. And never be afraid to cry yourself.
A. They too may be holding back a need to cry.
B. They cry for different reasons.
C. She gives crying exercises.
D. It contains a chemical against infection.
E. The fact is that no emotion lasts forever.
F. It forms in response to the stress on the surface of the eye.
G. But once you’re safely behind closed doors, don’t just cry.
【答案與解析】本文屬于說明文。談論眼淚的作用和價值。
101. 考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)上文Still, crying is a fact of life, and your tears are very useful. Even when you’re not crying, they make a film over the eye’s surface.可知，眼淚是有用的，即使你不哭，眼淚也可以覆蓋你的眼睛表面，D項“它包含對抗感染的化學物質(zhì)?！狈险Z境，說明眼淚的作用。，故選D。
102. 考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。 根據(jù)本段最后一句After we cry, the feelings that caused the tears often disappear 哭過之后，導致哭泣的原因也就消失了，因此沒有什么情緒可以永遠持續(xù)下去，故選E。
103. 考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)本段第二句Psychologist Vera Diamond explains that her treatment often consists of giving people permission to cry.這位心理醫(yī)生說她的治療方法里面包括允許病人哭泣，因此C項“她給予哭的練習”符合語境，故選C。
104. 考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)本句前后句的主語都是they可知，本段主要闡述人們不喜歡他人哭泣，主要是因為會引起自己緊張，因此他們或許會讓你忍住哭的需求。故選A。
105. 考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)本句后一句You should also act out the whole situation again and be as noisy and angry as you like.你應該再次控制整個場面，盡可能的發(fā)怒和生氣，因此可以得出，在哭過之后，還是要表示自己的憤怒，故選G。
22
（2018·廣東惠州·一模）Teachers love to put students into teams. ___106___ Why? Because they know the responsible team members will come through for a good grade.
If you are teamed up with a student who is lazy, the worst thing you can do is let it get you down. ___107___ and it might create a positive change in your partner!
Try these tips for working with a slacker(懶蟲).
●Be excited and provide a good example. Your slacker may be a good person who has developed bad work habits. You may be able to teach your partner some valuable skills for a successful future.
●Think rewards! ___108___ For instance, you could promise to make cupcakes for the next work meeting and encourage your partner to bring a good snack.
●Make some time to sit with your partner and establish a set of work rules and deadlines. Don’t quarrel, though. Make it clear that you would like to establish rules to keep you both on track. ___109___ Keep a record of your rules, your initial meetings, and your work. When it becomes obvious in the records that you’re doing all the work, talk with the slacker. ___110___
A. Don’t let the anger and pain defeat you.
B. Come up with a great reward for meeting some goal.
C. Instead, take some steps to encourage your partner to work.
D. Unavoidably one or more members will try to do nothing.
E. Start out by giving your partner a clear task with a deadline.
F. Show him/her the evidence and suggest he or she pick up the pace.
G. Think about the future and the fact that you are going to be rewarded.
【答案與解析】本文是一篇議論文。本文作者針對如何讓懶蟲參與到團隊活動中這一問題，給出了自己的一些建議。
106. Why? Because they know the responsible team members will come through for a good grade.這里提到了因為他們知道負責人的團隊成員將會交出一份好的成績，所以上文會提出不可避免的一個或者更多的成員將會無事可做的問題，與下文形成問答，故選D。
107. 下文and it might create a positive change in your partner提到了它可能會對你的伙伴造成積極的改變，所以上文會說采用一些措施鼓勵你的伙伴參與工作，選C。
108. 本段標題Think rewards!提到了獎勵問題，故選B。（當達到一些目標，就要提出一些獎勵。）
109. 在本段標題Make some time to sit with your partner and establish a set of work rules and deadlines.中，捕捉到關鍵詞deadlines，故選E。
110. 上句When it becomes obvious in the records that you’re doing all the work, talk with the slacker.提到了和懶蟲談一談，故選F。（出示證據(jù)，建議他跟上步伐。）
23
（2018·遼寧沈陽·一模）
Does your mood change with the seasons?
Some people find that when the temperature goes down, so do their spirits. ___111___They eat more and gain weight. They have trouble sleeping. They can’t think clearly.
Here are some ways you can beat the winter blues:
Get out in the sun. Some experts say that winter blues happen because we get less sunlight in the winter than we do in other seasons. Some say that the decrease in sunlight can make us feel sad.___112___
Get some exercise. A walk or other exercise will make chemicals called endorphins (內(nèi)啡肽) flow through your body. Endorphins are natural “feel good” chemicals.
___113___Avoid having too much sugar. If you are eager for sugary foods (like cookies or candy), it may be a sign that you need more protein , like meat, chicken, or fish.
Avoid holiday stress. Cut back if you have too many things to do. Make sure you have some quiet time to yourself.___114___Get some rest. Studies show that most teens need about nine hours of sleep each night. The average teen, though, gets only about six or seven hours of sleep per night.
Get help. Be cautious if you feel sad all the time and the feeling won’t go away.___115___
Talk to an adult who you trust or get help from a doctor.
A. Eat more healthy foods.
B. Choose different foods in season.
C. Don’t be so busy that you get tired.
D. Those people sometimes feel sad for no reason.
E. You may have a bigger problem than the winter blues.
F. Getting extra sunlight each day can help brighten your mood.
G. A regular pattern of sleep is the most important thing to keep.
【答案與解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹天氣會影響情緒，尤其是冬季，隨后作者給出了幾點戰(zhàn)勝冬季憂郁癥的建議。
111. 根據(jù)后三句They eat more and gain weight. They have trouble sleeping. They can’t think clearly.可知，本段講氣溫低對情緒的不良影響，D項“那些人有時無緣無故地感到悲傷，也是氣溫低對情緒的不良影響”符合本段內(nèi)容，故選D。
112. 根據(jù)本段標題Get out in the sun. 可知，本段建議人們走出去曬太陽，F(xiàn)項“每天獲得額外的陽光可以幫助你的心情變好”與本段內(nèi)容相符合，選項中的sunlight是關鍵詞，故選F。
113. 根據(jù)本段Avoid having too much sugar和you need more protein可知，本段建議人們注意健康的飲食，A項能概括本段內(nèi)容，也適合作為本段標題，故選A。
114. 根據(jù)本段標題Avoid holiday stress.可知，本段建議避免節(jié)日壓力，注意多休息。C項“不要使自己太忙而精疲力竭”符合本段意思。故選C。
115. 根據(jù)本段標題Get help.及Be cautious if you feel sad all the time and the feeling won’t go away.建議情緒不好時向別人求助，上句指情緒一直不好時要小心，接下來可能是情緒不好的嚴重后果，所以E項“這可能會是比冬季憂郁癥更大的問題”與上句連接，故選E。
24
（2019·全國·階段練習）Summer is the perfect time to relax. As you plan for your trip, here are some tips on how to protect yourself. ___116___
Fight against the mosquitoes in the hot spots.
There are many mosquito-borne illnesses in tropical regions, which are traditionally vacation hot spots. Therefore, mosquito repellent（驅(qū)蚊劑）that contains DEET should be an essential item in your travel bag.
___117___
In lesser-developed countries there is less equipment for clean water and public health. If you can't avoid unhealthful water, make sure you bring along a tea or coffee—making pot that will boil water for you. You’d better buy a case or two of water and check that all bottle caps are sealed to assure the bottled water isn't just a refilled bottle of dirty tap water.
Always protect your feet.
It's best to wear slippers in the shower, but if you must be barefoot, put a towel down on the floor.____118____You should never walk barefoot in any area of a foreign country, including your hotel room.
Be sure to eat safe fruits.
___119___ They may have been washed in the same water, or wiped with the same rag used to clean work surfaces in kitchens. The best advice is to bring your own peeler（削皮器）so that you know that something clean has been applied to the fruit.
Enjoy the smell of roadside stands, not the food.
Unless the food is piping hot when served, it’s best to stay away from roadside stands, no matter how good the smell of the food might be. If you are concerned about whether a restaurant is clean, order the food to go. ___120___
A. Don't trust the local water
B. Any fruit served fresh may be polluted
C. Look out for any water not served in a bottle
D. The boxes may be cleaner than the plate or fork on the table
E. You should know how to keep yourself away from dirty fruits
F. They are necessary to avoid coming back with a major illness from your trip
G. Parasites（寄生蟲）can enter the skin of your feet and travel to different parts of the body
【答案與解析】這是一篇說明文。主要講述在旅游時我們要注意保護自己，就出游時的自我保護提出一些建議。
116. 考查上下文理解推理能力。根據(jù)本段提到夏天是放松的最佳時間，這里有一些建議關于如何保護你自己。下文是具體建議。因此F項“他們對于避免在旅途中帶著大病回來是有必要的?！狈险Z境。故選F.
117. 考查上下文理解推理能力。根據(jù)下段內(nèi)容是關于旅游地的水不健康，要自己帶水或者煮水的工具，可知A項“不要相信當?shù)氐乃笨梢愿爬ㄏ乱欢蔚膬?nèi)容。故選A.
118. 考查上下文理解推理能力。根據(jù)本段標題“保護好你的腳”以及上句意思提到不要赤腳，可知G項“寄生蟲可以進入你腳部的皮膚，并傳播到身體的不同部位?！狈险Z境。故選G.
119. 考查上下文理解推理能力。根據(jù)本段標題“一定要吃安全的水果”以及本段下部分內(nèi)容：水果可能在同樣的水里洗，最好用自己的削皮器，可知B項“任何新鮮的水果都可能被污染”放在句首，符合語境。故選B.
120. 考查上下文理解推理能力。根據(jù)本段標題“享受路邊攤的氣味，而不是食物?！币约氨径翁岬竭h離路邊攤，不管氣味多么好，可知D項“這些盒子可能比桌子上的盤子或叉子更干凈?！狈险Z境。故選D.
25
（2017·河南新鄉(xiāng)·二模）With the cold weather season rapidly approaching, caring for dry skin may become more challenging. Here are some tips on how to protect your skin and keep it healthy throughout the colder months of the year.
___121___
Avoid harsh cleansers containing sulfates or alcohol, and choose a gentle cleanser. Harsh cleansers may disrupt the PH balance of your skin and cause dryness.
Switch to a face oil
___122___In order to avoid dryness, rub about 3 to 5 drops of oil the palm of your hands and then gently pat it into the skin. Face oils offer the benefit of conditioning the skin and protecting it from the cold air.
Exfoliate(去死皮)
Exfoliating is very important because it helps to get rid of dead skin cells and encourages skin cell renewal.___123___However, especially when the skin is feeling extra dry, it is important to use a gentle product and not to overdo it.
___124___
If you don’t feel thirsty and struggle with taking in enough liquids, try to drink tea, sweetened with a little raw honey. Dehydrated skin cells have a slower turnover rate, which results in dull skin and more visible fine lines.
____125____The most advantage is that you will spend the cold season with comfort and confidence.
A. Drink plenty of water
B. Eat homemade soups
C. Use mild facial cleansers
D. Follow the above tips, you may own nice skin and look better
E. Here are three of the most common example of skin discomfort
F. After cleansing your face, your skin still takes the risk of dryness.
G. Moreover, dead skin cells won’t allow your face oil to enter the skin deeply.
【答案與解析】試題分析：本文介紹一些如何保護在一年中較冷的月份里保護皮膚的技巧。
121. C此題是一個小標題。根據(jù)本段第一句Avoid harsh(刺激性的) cleansers containing sulfates or alcohol, and choose a gentle cleanser.（避免含有硫酸鹽或酒精的刺激性清潔劑，要選擇一個溫和的清潔劑。）可知，使用溫和的潔面乳。故選C。
122. F根據(jù)下句In order to avoid dryness, rub about 3 to 5 drops of oil the palm of your hands and then gently pat it into the skin.?（為了避免干燥，揉搓3至5滴油滴在手掌上，然后輕輕拍打它。）可知，此首句的意思是：潔面后，你的皮膚仍有干燥的危險。）故選F。
123. G 根據(jù)上句Exfoliating is very important because it helps to get rid of dead skin cells and encourages skin cell renewal.（去死皮非常重要，因為它有助于去除死皮細胞，并促進皮膚細胞更新。）故G項Moreover, dead skin cells won’t allow your face oil to enter the skin deeply.（另外，死皮細胞不會讓你的臉油深入皮膚。）符合語境，故選G。
124. A 此題是小標題。根據(jù)此段首句If you don’t feel thirsty and struggle with taking in enough liquids, try to drink tea, sweetened with a little raw honey.（如果你不感到口渴，掙扎著喝足夠的液體，嘗試喝茶，用少許生蜂蜜加點甜味）可知，A項Drink plenty of water（喝足夠的水。）符合本段內(nèi)容，故選A。
125. D 根據(jù)空格下句：The most advantage is that you will spend the cold season with comfort and confidence.（最大的優(yōu)勢就是你會帶著舒適和自信度過寒冷的季節(jié)。）可知，此空的意思是：按照上面的提示，你可以擁有漂亮的皮膚，看起來更好。故選D。
26
（2021·湖南師大附中模擬預測）
Evaluating Sources of health Information
Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of healthy information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to fins relevant information, how to separate fact from opinions, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. ___126___
Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. ______127______
Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behaviour ＂contributes to＂ or is ＂associated with＂ an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. ___128___ Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.
Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. ____129____ Evaluate ＂scientific＂ statements carefully, and be aware of quackery (江湖騙術).
___130___ Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.
Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about the health problems will serve you well throughout your life.
A. Make choices that are right for you.
B. The goal of an ad is to sell you something.
C. Be sure to work through the critical questions.
D. And examine the findings of the original research.
E. Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.
F. Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author’s point of view.
G. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.
【答案與解析】這是一篇說明文。文章針對如何對來自各種渠道的健康信息進行分類整理和判斷給出了一些建議。
126. 考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。第一段簡要提出我們要學會分析來自各種渠道的健康信息，下文接著就如何對這些信息進行分類整理給予一些建議。G項連接前后，故選G。
127. 考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)該段主題句的第一句Go to the original source.(去探尋最初的來源。)可知，本段都是圍繞這個話題展開的，D項中的the original research與主題句相照應，符合本段意思。故選D。
128. 考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。F項與第三段的主題句Watch for misleading language.相關，其中incorrectly explained與misleading相照應。故選F。
129. 考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。由空格前的Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements.(對廣告中所包含的信息一定要特別當心)及該段中的be aware of quackery (警惕江湖騙術)可知，B項(廣告的目的是賣出商品)符合該段語境。為了達到這個目的，商品的廣告中可能包含虛假信息。故選B。
130. 考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。由該段中but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us可知，盡管我們有來自家人及朋友的大量信息，但歸根結底還是要依靠我們自己來作出正確的選擇。A項概括全段內(nèi)容，故選A。
27
（2017·黑龍江·哈爾濱市第六中學校模擬預測）
How to overcome challenges in your life
We all face tough and difficult challenges in life. To overcome challenges you need to have that “never quit” attitude in life. If you develop it, you’ll overcome quite a bit.
Motivate yourself. Say “YES, I CAN.” The challenge should bring out the best of you in this situation. Slow it down, and think that process through. ___131___?If you develop that mindset (心態(tài)), you’ll get it done.
____132____?Remain calm when you’re facing serious troubles and problems in life. You have to recollect yourself, and calm down. You can’t solve problems when you’re panicking. Take a deep breath, relax, and slow it down. Think things through calmly.
Let failure and fear fuel you in a positive way. Everyone fails at times. If you fail the first, second, or third time, don’t give up.? ____133____ Learn what made you fail at overcoming these challenges.
Simplify the challenge you’re facing. Make the challenge easier than it is. ___134___?As you get through each step, you develop more confidence and you believe you can get it done, and then you will.
Stay positive and confident. ____135____?You have to find out all the ways you can use to overcome it, and put them to full use with all your effort. It’s our own mental stability that’s the difficult part. When you do it mentally, you’ll actually be able to do it.
A. Stay calm and cool headed.
B. Think the best, not the worst.
C. Start by breaking it down into steps.
D. To overcome a challenge, you have to believe you can really do it.
E. Most people will avoid any challenge, because they’re scared of failing.
F. Develop that confidence in saying there’s no way you’re going to fail at this.
G. Pick yourself up, and learn from why you’ve failed, and move on in a positive direction.
【答案與解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講了人生中我們會不斷面臨挑戰(zhàn)，怎樣克服挑戰(zhàn)，作者給了我們一些具體的建議。
131. 上文Motivate yourself. Say “YES, I CAN.” The challenge should bring out the best of you in this situation. Slow it down, and think that process through. 說激勵自己。 說“是的，我能?！?在這種情況下，挑戰(zhàn)會讓你發(fā)揮出最好的自己。 慢下來，好好想想這個過程。下文If you develop that mindset (心態(tài)), you’ll get it done.說如果你培養(yǎng)了這種心態(tài)，你就能完成它。 該空承上啟下，F(xiàn)選項“培養(yǎng)自信，告訴自己在這件事上你絕對不會失敗”，選項中的Develop that confidence指代上文中的“YES, I CAN.”， 選項中的there’s no way you’re going to fail at this對應下文中的get it done，故選F。
132. 本段主要講遇事要冷靜及具體實施辦法。A項“保持鎮(zhèn)靜，頭腦冷靜”能概括全段內(nèi)容，適合作為標題，故選A。
133. 本段講用積極的態(tài)度面對失敗。上句講失敗幾次也不要放棄。G項“重新爬起，從失敗中學習，然后朝著積極的方向前行”與上句連接，告訴了我們具體辦法，故選G。
134. 本空前面講“簡化面對的挑戰(zhàn)。使困難變?nèi)菀仔?，空格后面講“當通過每一步的時候你就會有更大的信心相信自己能行，你就會成功”，故C項“從把挑戰(zhàn)分解成小的步驟開始”連接前后，選項中的steps對應下文中的each step，故選C。
135. 本段講要保持積極的態(tài)度和信心。下文講要找到解決問題的方法，用頭腦全力以赴去解決問題。D項“為了戰(zhàn)勝挑戰(zhàn)，你必須相信你能行”符合本段話題且與下文句式一致，故選D。
28
（2020·四川·北京師范大學成都實驗中學一模）Secret codes (密碼) keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.
People have used secret codes for thousands of years. ____136____Code breaking never lags (落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.
There are three main types of cryptography. ____137____For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”
___138___You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.”
A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. ___139___For example, “bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” ___140___However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.
A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.
B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.
C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.
D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.
E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.
F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.
G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.
【答案與解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了密碼的重要性、密碼的設置方式、密碼本的作用。
136. 考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。上句講人們使用密碼已經(jīng)幾千年了，下句講密碼破譯工作?？瞻滋幒兔艽a破譯有關，D項內(nèi)容符合語境，連接上下文。故選D。
137. 考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。后面的例子是來證明人們設置密碼時往往會利用一些單詞的第一個字母作為密碼，E項符合此內(nèi)容，故選E。
138. 考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)下文的解釋內(nèi)容可知介紹了密碼設置的又一種方法，G項符合此意，故選G。
139. 考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)下文的例子及上句中的a code book可以判斷該句是介紹密碼本的使用，F(xiàn)項符合此意，承上啟下。故選F。
140. 考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。上文介紹密碼本的重要作用，A項：沒有密碼本很難破譯，總結上文。故選A。
29
（2014·黑龍江·一模）Although problems are a part of our lives, it certainly doesn’t mean that we let them rule our lives forever. One day or the other, you’ll have to stand up and say—problem, I don’t want you in my life.
___141___ Problems with friends, parents, girlfriends, husbands, and children—the list goes on. Apart from these, the inner conflicts within ourselves work, too. These keep adding to our problems. Problems come in different shapes and colors and feelings.
But good news is that all problems can be dealt with. Now read on to know how to solve your problems.
Talk, it really helps. What most of us think is that our problem can be understood only by us and that no talking is going to help. ___142___ Talking helps you move on and let go.
Write your problems.___143___ When you write down your problems, you are setting free all the tension from your system.You can try throwing away the paper on which you wrote your problems.By doing this, imagine yourself throwing away the problems from your life.
Don’t lose faith and hope. No matter what you lose in life, don’t lose faith and hope.Even if you lose all your money, family...you should still have faith.___144___
Your problems aren’t the worst. No matter what problem you get in life, there are another one million people whose problems are huger than yours.___145___ Your problems might just seem big and worse, but in reality they can be removed.
Go about and solve your problems because every problem, however big or small, always has a way out.
A. But the truth is that when you talk about it，you’re setting free the negative energies that have been gathering within you.
B. When we have a problem，a pressing，critical，urgent，life－threatening problem，how do we try and solve it?
C. Tell yourself：when they can deal with them，why can’t I?
D. Of course，we’ve been fighting problems ever since we were born.
E. We can often overcome the problem and achieve the goal by making a direct attack.
F. Having a personal diary can also be of huge help if you don’t want a real person to talk with.
G. With faith and hope，you can rebuild everything that you lose.
【答案與解析】本文是一篇說明文。在我們的日常生活常常會遇到各種各樣的問題，遇到問題并不可怕，因為任何問題都是可以解決的。在本文中作者主要介紹了如何處理生活中遇到的問題。比如，說出來，寫下來，不要失去信心和希望，等等。
141. 考查對上下文的理解判斷和概括能力。根據(jù)第一段“you’ll have to stand up and say – problem, I don’t want you in my life.”和第二段“Problems with friends, parents, girlfriends, husbands, and children – the list goes on.”可知，問題伴隨一個人的一生，D項“當然，自從我們出生的那一刻起，我們就在和麻煩作斗爭”起到了銜接上下文的作用，故選D。
142. 考查對上下文的理解判斷能力。根據(jù)本段中What most of us think is that our problem can be understood only by us and that no talking is going to help.（大多數(shù)人都會認為，自己的問題只有自己能夠解決，說出來也沒有用。），而本段第一句Talk, it really helps.表述“說出來真的有幫助”，A項內(nèi)容是強調(diào)把問題說出來能夠釋放內(nèi)心積壓的消極情緒，表示一種轉(zhuǎn)折，選A。
143. 考查對上下文的理解判斷能力。根據(jù)“Write your problems. ...When you write down your problems, you are setting free all the tension from your system.”可知，本段的建議是人們可以通過寫東西來排解內(nèi)心的緊張，而F選項Having a personal diary can also be of huge help if you don’t want a real person to talk with.內(nèi)容符合語境，而且diary是信息詞，故答案選F。
144. 考查對上下文的理解判斷能力。根據(jù)“Don’t lose faith and hope. ...you should still have faith.”可知，本段強調(diào)的是無論何時都不要失去信念和希望，而G選項With faith and hope, you can rebuild everything that you lose也是告誡人們只要有信念和希望，就能重建生活，內(nèi)容可以承接上文，故選G。
145. 考查對上下文的理解判斷能力。根據(jù)“No matter what problem you get in life, there’re another one million people whose problems are huger than yours.”可知，本段講的是自己遇到的問題不會比他人的嚴重。而C項“告訴自己：他們都能把問題解決掉，自己為什么不能？”符合語境，故選C。
30
（2015·河南信陽·模擬預測）In less than five months, you will go to different universities and lead a new life. In your new life, making new friends is a must. Then, how can you make new friends quickly?
Everybody knows friends come and go. You have friends for every time and season of your life from youth to old age. Sometimes people change their goal in life. Perhaps you’ve made a change yourself, such as a new job or moved to a new location. ___146___ Making new friends quickly is possible once you go about it the right way.
In order to make friends, you must first be a friend. Consider joining groups and associations that are of interest to you. ___147___ Go out of your way to be friendly, and you’ll make new friends quickly.
___148___If you need help, there are millions of books on the subject of good manners. Treat people with politeness and you will see people start to flock to you because of your pleasant personality.
Become good at something. You can do well in a sport, an instrument, writing, languages or whatever else you enjoy. ___149___ This makes you interesting and gets people to be attracted to you. It’s not about doing this for the sake of attracting attention, but having a skill at something is another way to make new friends quickly.
Share contact information with people you meet who seem interesting. Then invite them to do things with you. ___150___ Showing interest in people by actually inviting them to do things will help you create friends quickly.
A. It could be as simple as drinking coffee together.
B. Always practice good manners.
C. You don’t have to be an expert, but at least good enough to help others with your skill.
D. Get to know your friends’ friends.
E. This may also change your circle of friends.
F. You are likely to find others who share things in common with you.
G. It is not necessary to be skillful in something.
【答案與解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何去交新朋友的一些建議。
146. 根據(jù)上一句Perhaps you’ve made a change yourself, such as a new job or moved to a new location.可知，你自己發(fā)生了改變，那么你的朋友圈也會發(fā)生變化。故答案為E。
147. 根據(jù)上一句Consider joining groups and associations that are of interest to you.可知，加入你感興趣的組織或社團，緊接著的意思就是你會遇到和你有共同興趣愛好的人，故選F。
148. 根據(jù)本段的意思：對待他人要禮貌。只有選項B符合段意，故選B。
149. 根據(jù)主題句Become good at something可知，是要你擅長一些技能以便幫助他人。符合段意的只有選項C。
150. 根據(jù)上一句Then invite them to do things with you可知，邀請他們和你一起做事情，故只有A項的“一起喝咖啡”是對上文的舉例，故選A。






相關試卷

跟蹤練11閱讀七選五說明文30篇1-沖刺2022年高考英語之名校閱讀理解試題跟蹤練(通用版)：

這是一份跟蹤練11閱讀七選五說明文30篇1-沖刺2022年高考英語之名校閱讀理解試題跟蹤練(通用版)，文件包含跟蹤練11閱讀七選五說明文30篇1解析版-沖刺2022年高考英語之名校閱讀理解試題跟蹤練通用版docx、跟蹤練11閱讀七選五說明文30篇1原卷版-沖刺2022年高考英語之名校閱讀理解試題跟蹤練通用版docx等2份試卷配套教學資源，其中試卷共75頁， 歡迎下載使用。

跟蹤練10閱讀理解應用文30篇-沖刺2022年高考英語之名校閱讀理解試題跟蹤練(通用版)：

這是一份跟蹤練10閱讀理解應用文30篇-沖刺2022年高考英語之名校閱讀理解試題跟蹤練(通用版)，文件包含跟蹤練10閱讀理解應用文30篇解析版-沖刺2022年高考英語之名校閱讀理解試題跟蹤練通用版docx、跟蹤練10閱讀理解應用文30篇原卷版-沖刺2022年高考英語之名校閱讀理解試題跟蹤練通用版docx等2份試卷配套教學資源，其中試卷共97頁， 歡迎下載使用。

跟蹤練08閱讀理解議論文30篇2-沖刺2022年高考英語之名校閱讀理解試題跟蹤練(通用版)：

這是一份跟蹤練08閱讀理解議論文30篇2-沖刺2022年高考英語之名校閱讀理解試題跟蹤練(通用版)，文件包含跟蹤練08閱讀理解議論文30篇2解析版-沖刺2022年高考英語之名校閱讀理解試題跟蹤練通用版docx、跟蹤練08閱讀理解議論文30篇2原卷版-沖刺2022年高考英語之名校閱讀理解試題跟蹤練通用版docx等2份試卷配套教學資源，其中試卷共106頁， 歡迎下載使用。

英語朗讀寶

相關試卷 更多

跟蹤練06+閱讀理解說明文30篇3-沖刺2022年高考英語之名校閱讀理解試題跟蹤練(通用版)

跟蹤練06+閱讀理解說明文30篇3-沖刺2022年高考英語之名校閱讀理解試題跟蹤練(通用版)
跟蹤練05+閱讀理解說明文30篇2-沖刺2022年高考英語之名校閱讀理解試題跟蹤練(通用版)

跟蹤練05+閱讀理解說明文30篇2-沖刺2022年高考英語之名校閱讀理解試題跟蹤練(通用版)
跟蹤練04+閱讀理解說明文30篇1-沖刺2022年高考英語之名校閱讀理解試題跟蹤練(通用版)

跟蹤練04+閱讀理解說明文30篇1-沖刺2022年高考英語之名校閱讀理解試題跟蹤練(通用版)
跟蹤練02閱讀理解記敘文30篇2-沖刺2022年高考英語之名校閱讀理解試題跟蹤練(通用版)

跟蹤練02閱讀理解記敘文30篇2-沖刺2022年高考英語之名校閱讀理解試題跟蹤練(通用版)
資料下載及使用幫助
版權申訴
版權申訴
若您為此資料的原創(chuàng)作者，認為該資料內(nèi)容侵犯了您的知識產(chǎn)權，請掃碼添加我們的相關工作人員，我們盡可能的保護您的合法權益。
入駐教習網(wǎng)，可獲得資源免費推廣曝光，還可獲得多重現(xiàn)金獎勵，申請 精品資源制作， 工作室入駐。
版權申訴二維碼
高考專區(qū)
歡迎來到教習網(wǎng)
  • 900萬優(yōu)選資源，讓備課更輕松
  • 600萬優(yōu)選試題，支持自由組卷
  • 高質(zhì)量可編輯，日均更新2000+
  • 百萬教師選擇，專業(yè)更值得信賴
微信掃碼注冊
qrcode
二維碼已過期
刷新

微信掃碼，快速注冊

手機號注冊
手機號碼

手機號格式錯誤

手機驗證碼 獲取驗證碼

手機驗證碼已經(jīng)成功發(fā)送，5分鐘內(nèi)有效

設置密碼

6-20個字符，數(shù)字、字母或符號

注冊即視為同意教習網(wǎng)「注冊協(xié)議」及「隱私條款」
QQ注冊
手機號注冊
微信注冊

注冊成功

返回
頂部