
A
Xi'an enjys a reputatins as a "Living Histry Museum" due t its rich,diverse cllectin f histrical and cultural treasures.Apart frm the Terractta Warrirs,there are als sme ther attractins in the city.Here are sme f them.
Ancient City Wall
Xi'an City Wall was built in the 14th century in the Ming Dynasty as a military defense system.Nw it is ne f the ldest and best preserved Chinese city walls The wall is nw a landmark,dividing the city int inner and uter areas.
Giant Wild Gse Pagda (塔)
Situated in an ancient temple,the pagda built with layers f bricks was built in the Tang Dynasty.It is traditinal Chinese architecture.One f the main functins f the pagda was t stre Buddhist scriptures (經(jīng)文) and figurines brught t China frm India by the famus mnk and traveler Xuan Zang,wh stayed here fr 19 years translating Buddhist scriptures.
Shaanxi Histry Museum
The Shaanxi Histry Museum,built in 1991,is hme t ver 370,000 precius relics unearthed in Shaanxi ver the years,The museum cnsists f three main sectins.Its cllectins range frm brnze ware (器血) t pttery ware,gld and silver ware and mural paintings frm the Tang Dynasty tmbs.
The Muslim Quarter
One f the highlights is its lcal snacks when yu tur Xian.The best fd destinatin is the Muslim Quarter,which has a histry f several hundred years.Cnsisting f a number f fd streets,the area has becme a famus attractin in the city fr its rich and authentic Muslim cultural atmsphere.
In which place can yu knw mre abut Buddhism? ______
A. Ancient City Wall.B. Giant Wild Gse Pagda.
C. Shaanxi Histry Museum.D. The Muslim Quarter.
What can yu d when yu visit the Muslim Quarter? ______
A. Creat sme brnze wares.
B. Eat diverse delicius snacks.
C. Visit sme watchtwers.
D. Translate Buddhist scriptures.
What d yu knw frm the text? ______
A. The Shaanxi Histry Museum has exhibits made f gld.
B. Xuan Zang died in the Giant Wild Gse Pagda.
C. The Xi'an City Wallis the ldest Chinese city wall.
D. The Muslim Quarter has a histry f 100 years.
B
Hua Sheng and Lu Sheng,a retired Tibetan cuple,have becme trailblazers (開拓者) f grape grwing and wine-making in their ld ages.
Lu Sheng learned grape planting and winemaking frm her grandmther's sister.Since they retired,the cuple have mved t Lhasa frm the village f Yakhadi.Thugh the fact that the regin's capital,which is 3,600 meters abve sea level,is cnsidered unfit fr grwing grapes,Lu Sheng and Hua Sheng began an ambitius prject in 2015,planting grapes in Tsalna,a twn in the suburb f Lhasa.
They received supprt frm the lcal gvernment,which is cmmitted t develping business and the ecnmy.The cuple's prject prvides jbs fr rural residents,and,as a result,the gvernment has cnsidered the prject part f its pverty relief prgram.
"Lhasa is an ideal place fr planting French grape varieties that are resistant t cld,drught and disease,and adaptable t high-altitude and pen-air planting," Lu Sheng said.
"Thanks t the plateau's sunshine and rganic planting,ur grapes grw very well here in Lhasa.The grapes are a bit sur and sweet,and they have a high anthcyanin (花青素)cntent," she said.Anthcyanins,which are in grape cells and cntribute rich clr t wine,are water-sluble (水溶性的).
In 2018,Hua Sheng and Lu Sheng expanded their prject,planting n nearly 6.67 hectares.In rder t familiarize Tibetan farmers with grape planting and winemaking,they taught the skills t lcal villagers.
"We have successfully taught the lcal farmers hw t grw grapes and make wine ver the three years.They nw have a new surce f incme besides traditinal farming and herding," Hua Sheng said.
Yudrn,a resident f Nam,said she was grateful t the grape planting prject in her village,which has cntributed t her incme and quality f life."After wrking in the vineyards fr years,nw we knw hw t make wine.We drink bth barley and grape wine nw.We lve grape wine mre,thugh,as it is healthier."
What did the cuple d after their retirement? ______
A. They grew grapes and made wine in Lhasa.
B. They made friends with a French expert.
C. They mved t anther city frm Lhasa.
D. They learned grape planting frm Hua Sheng's grandmther.
Why was the cuple's prject thught f as a pverty relief prgram? ______
A. They dnated grapes t lcal schls. C.They emplyed lcal residents as wrkers.
B. They prvided free wine fr villagers. D.They expanded the prject with the lcal gvernment.
Which is the functin f anthcyanins? ______
A. They make grapes mre delicius.
B. They can accelerate the grwth f grapes.
C. They make grapes a bit sur and sweet.
D. They prvide rich clr's fr wine.
Fr the prject cnducted by the cuple,Yudrn is ______ .
A. appreciativeB. cautiusC. indifferentD. hesitate
C
Tbgganing,r sledding (雪橇),likely cmes befre the clnizatin f Nrth America.Recrds shw that Canada's First Peples used small sleds t transprt their belngings and fd between camps,Raymnd Flwer writes in The Histry f Skiing and Other Winter Sprts.But mdern-day sled races can trace their rigins back t the Swiss Alps in the late 1800s when British turists decided t race in wden luges(a sled used by ne persn) that lcals had used t travel thrugh snw.The rigin is debatable in snwy nrthern New Yrk,hwever,where there's evidence that Albany held bbsled (a sled used by tw r mre peple) races as early as 1885.
Wherever they began,sled races quickly became ppular.The famus Cresta Run,named after the Swiss twn near the base f its curse,was built in 1885 using snwbanks.The first rganized cmpetitin was in 1898,hsted by the first bbsled club in nearby St.Mritz (a city in Switzerland).It was then that sledding began t separate frm the luge t include tw new sprts:bb sledding,and skeletn sleddig (俯式雪橇).
Cresta Run is cnsidered the birthplace f the skeletn,a particularly daring frm f sledding.Unlike the luge,where cmpetitrs ride feet-first n a sled with metal runners,the skeletn sledding is a steel sled with a slim appearance.Riders lie dwn n the sled headfirst,then drp suddenly dwn an ice track.Bbsledding,meanwhile,invlves teams f tw t fur in which the persn in frnt cntrls directins and the player in back brakes when needed.It earned its name after cmpetitrs started swinging back and frth t speed up the sled.
Bbsledding initially vertk skeletn sledding in ppularity,becming ne f a handful f sprts played at the first Winter Games in 1924.The skeletn sledding was limited t the Cresta Run fr decades because ther bb runs arund the wrld were nt built fr the steel skeletn sled.But in the 1970s,adjustments were made t bth the skeletn and bb runs in rder t include the event at future winter games.
What can we infer abut Raymnd Flwer? ______
A. He is a writer.
B. He is gd at sledding.
C. He invented the sledding race.
D. He set the first recrd f sledding.
Hw des skeletn sledding differ frm the luge? ______
A. Skeletn sledding runs n metal runners.
B. Skeletn sledding desn't have back brakes.
C. Riders n Skeletn sledding Sled with their feet.
D. Skeletn sledding needs players t lie dwn n it headfirst.
What limited the ppularity f skeletn sledding? ______
A. Its special shape.B. Its speed.
C. Its steel runners.D. Its unsuitable adjustments.
What can be the best title fr the text? ______
A. Why is sledding s ppular?
B. Hw did sledding develp in Switzerland?
C. What are sledding adventures abut?
D. Hw did peple kill time in Nrth America?
D
Ntpla is a Lndn-based firm that makes a seaweed- based substitute fr single use plastic packaging.Althugh sme f Ntpla's prducts are suitable t be eaten,they are designed t be disslved (溶解) after usage.The cmpany s film wrap is made f seaweed lining instead f a cnventinal plastic based cating.This makes the film fully bidegradable and ideal fr use as packaging fr cupbard and bathrm supplies like cffee and tilet paper.
Accrding t the United Natins,331 millin kilgrams f plastic garbage is prduced annually arund the wrld.Rughly 60% f the estimated 9.15 billin tns f plastic prduced since the early 1950s has been taken t landfills r abandned utdrs.
Plastics harm the water,the air,and ur bdies.Many experts agree that single-use plastics are unnecessary and dangerus.Sme gvernments and twns in the Unite States have taken actin.New Yrk has banned mst plastic shpping bags,while plastic straws (吸管) have been banned in Miami Beach.Overseas,India stated in August that it plans t put a wide ban n single-use plastics this upcming summer,with the Eurpean Unin already this ban.
Seaweed cmes in a variety f species and can be harvested r farmed.Nrpla uses plants that have been farmed.Rdrig Garcia Gnzalez and Pierre Paslie,the inventrs f Ntpla,initially cnsidered seaweed as a slutin t the wrld's plastic prblem fr several reasns.Seaweed is abundant and grws quickly.Additinally it desn't cmpete with land crps and is highly favred fr its ability t remve sme waste prducts like carbn frm the atmsphere.
In cperatin with the nline fd rdering service Just Eat,the startup recently tested its prduct.Last year,the tw cmpanies handed ut 30,000 takeaway bxes at varius UK restaurants.Plans are in the wrks t ffer the bxes acrss Eurpe in 2022.Nrpla's team intends t replace single use plastic in the supply chain mre generally as they scale.The cmpany recgnizes the difficulty f such a jb given the vlume f plastics cnsumed arund the wrld.
Hw des the authr mainly develp paragraph 2? ______
A. By cmparing facts.B. By presenting figures.
C. By raising questins.D. By giving examples.
What can best replace the underlined wrd "implementing" in paragraph 3? ______
A. liftingB. prtectingC. ppsingD. perfrming
What des paragraph 4 mainly talk abut? ______
A. The wide use f seaweed.
B. The next gal f the new study.
C. The huge market f the plastic bags.
D. The advantages f chsing seaweed.
What des the cmpany think f its plan t replace the whle single use plastic? ______
A. It will be unpractical.B. It will be richly rewarded.
C. It will be a little tugh.D. It will be rather successful.
True beauty is nt fund in lks. (1) Changing the way yu think abut beauty will give yu life-lng cnfidence.
Place yur beauty in yur identity but nt yur identity in yur beauty.If yu hld nt yuthful beauty as a narrw definitin f yurself,yu wn't enjy yur lks as yu age. (2) Mirrrs tell us nly a part f what we shw t the uter wrld.G past yur reflectin and see the real self!
The funtain f yuth desn't exist.Despite many anti-aging prducts,there is n magic slutin t stpping the effects f aging.Yu shuld stp devaluing(貶低)yurself just because yu are getting lder.Aim fr a healthy life and keep yurself strng and fit.Eat healthy diet and be cmmitted t a daily exercise rutine.Lts f effrts are needed. (3) Beauty relates t physical and psychlgical aspects. (4) Hwever,Serena Williams never hides her unusual pwerful physique(體格).Instead,her shwing her muscles enhances her appeal.Many fans think she is beautiful.This prves that lking beautiful and attractive ges beynd ur lks.
(5) Beauty matters t all f us,but t thse wh age beautifully,it matters neither t much nr t little.D enjy ur lives t the fullest.True beauty is abut accepting yurself.It is als abut feeling gd abut yurself.
A.Everyne des it.
B.It cmes frm the inside.
C.G beynd yur mirrr image.
D.Yu will feel better ver a lng term.
E.It's human nature t believe beauty is everything
F.Peple generally think beauty is nly a skin-deep issue.
G.Be less scared f aging and yu will lks mre beautiful.
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
I must admit I am nt a very gd listener.But what really(21) me t becme a gd listener was helping my wife after her trachea (氣管) surgery.
She culdn't talk fr almst a mnth because f the(22).She had a pad (便箋本) and wuld write dwn her thughts and(23).Of curse that was very slw and(24) and I culd see the grwing depressin each day,I fund myself trying t(25) what she was thinking since I knew she didn't have the energy t write everything dwn,s I(26)fund myself trying t see the wrld frm her eyes.
My wife culdn't(27),which needed paying clser attentin and made me a gd listener.Because she culdn't write ut every wrd she wanted t speak,she had t be mre (28)abut the wrds she chse.Because f this,ur cmmunicatin became mre(29)and we paid clser attentin t what the ther had t say.
After this(30) I culdn't help thinking abut hw this might help peple wh are having relatinship prblems.I think that if ne r tw persns(31)the nly way they culd(32)was writing their thughts and cmments dwn,I believe it wuld be incredibly gd therapy(療法) and help peple(33)a lt f prblems.Why nt give it a sht if yu are having any(34)with smene?They dn't have t agree t the n talking(35) because this experiment can be carried ut by just ne persn.
A. causedB. frbadeC. assistedD. rdered
A. surgeryB. accidentC. jkeD. accent
A. schedulesB. cngratulatins
C. cmmentsD. rewards
A. bringB. funnyC. unsafeD. incnvenient
A. break ffB. figure utC. pick ffD. drp in
A. sincerelyB. fearfullyC. cnstantlyD. cautiusly
A. waitB. speakC. listenD. cry
A. curiusB. wrriedC. particularD. crazy
A. valuableB. wildC. matureD. fluent
A. disasterB. experienceC. crisisD. experiment
A. frgtB. cmplainedC. hpedD. agreed
A. receiveB. indicateC. cmmunicateD. expect
A. slveB. attemptC. createD. use
A. excusesB. strugglesC. relatinsD. stre
A. targetsB. cngratulatins
C. lawsD. rules
The impact f pandemic(流行?。?n life expectancy(預(yù)期壽命),ne f the mst widely used standards t assess ppulatin health,was assessed by a study (1) (publish) in the Infrmatinal Jurnal Epidemilgy.The study (2) (cnduct) by the Oxfrd University's Leverhulme Centre fr Demgraphic (人口的) Science.
The study revealed that wmen frm 15 cuntries and men frm 10 ended up (3) a lwer life expectancy at birth in 2020 cmpared t 2015. (4) biggest drps in life expectancy,hwever,were witnessed in men instead f wmen in mst cuntries.American men were the wrst ff,with 2.2 years shaved ff their life expectancy at birth.Men in Lithuania faced the secnd (5) (large) impact n their life expectancy,with a cut f 1.7 years.
Reductins in life expectancy verall (6) ( ccur) in 27 f the 29 cuntries analyzed by the study.Only men and wmen in Denmark and Nrway and wmen in Finland managed t (7) (successful) avid drps in life expectancy,the study said.Nn- pharmaceutical interventins and strng healthcare systems in these cuntries were cited as (8) (factr) that culd help explain this.
All the cuntries (9) life expectancy drpped had-taken an average f 5、6 years (10) (achieve).Just a ne year increase in life expectancy.The pandemic wiped ut f this prgress,the study said.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
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(9)
(10)
假定你是李華,你校下周將邀請(qǐng)英國友人來校參觀,需要志愿者介紹你校的歷史和特色文化。請(qǐng)你寫一封申請(qǐng)信,內(nèi)容包括:
1.申請(qǐng)?jiān)颍?br>2.你的優(yōu)勢;
3.相關(guān)經(jīng)歷。
注意:
1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;
2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Dear Sir/Madam,
_____________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
I culd tell by her face that she was Very anxius."Mrs.Lim,is there smething wrng?" I asked as I glanced at the wall lck.It was almst I was ne f my neighbrs wh lived dwn the street with her ld,sick husband.I immediately thught that Mrs.Lim needed help.
"It's my husband.I think he's having a heart attack.Can yu help me?" she blurted ut(脫口而出).Her eyes filled with tears.With lightning speed,I changed my clthes.Then,I fllwed Mrs.Lim t her huse.The whle huse was a little musty.As this was my first visit t the Lims' residence,I had a quick glance arund the living rm.There were wall panels cvered with waterclr landscapes,carvings,and crss-stitch (十字繡) pieces.Alng the hallway leading t the kitchen was Mr.Lim,sitting in an armchair.He appeared t be ut f breath.With Mrs.Lim's help,I managed t carry him t the prch where their car was parked.When we finally managed t get him inside the car,I drve t the hspital.
We rushed him t the emergency and casualty ward(臨時(shí)病室).The dctr n duty infrmed us that Mr.Lim had suffered a mild was admitted t the intensive care unit (ICU) and I lked after him all night lng.It was then that Mrs.Lim asked me t cntact her sn and cnvey the news.I never knew that Mr.and Mrs.Lim had children.I culd nt recall a time when they ever mentined a sn.I tried t cntact the sn at the given address,but I was tld that he had mved t anther twn with his wife and children.I culd see the pain in Mrs.Lim's face as I tld her the news.
注意:
1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;
2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
As I was driving hme,I tld myself that I wuld call my wn parents._____________________
Mr.Lim was discharged (準(zhǔn)許離開) frm the hspital after ten days._________________答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、B、A
【解析】(1)B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Giant Wild Gse Pagda部分"One f the main functins f the pagda was t stre Buddhist scriptures (經(jīng)文) and figurines brught t China frm India by the famus mnk and traveler Xuan Zang,wh stayed here fr 19 years translating Buddhist scriptures.(這是中國傳統(tǒng)建筑。這座寶塔的主要功能之一是儲(chǔ)存著名僧侶和旅行家玄奘從印度帶到中國的佛經(jīng)和雕像,玄奘在這里翻譯佛經(jīng)達(dá)19年之久。)"可知,在Giant Wild Gse Pagda(大雁塔)你可以對(duì)佛教了解得更多。故選B。
(2)B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"One f the highlights is its lcal snacks when yu tur Xian.(當(dāng)你游覽西安時(shí),其中一個(gè)亮點(diǎn)就是當(dāng)?shù)匦〕?。?可知,在那你可以品嘗各式各樣美味的小吃。故選B。
(3)A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Shanxi Histry Museum部分的最后一句"Its cllectins range frm brnze ware (器血) t pttery ware,gld and silver ware and mural paintings frm the Tang Dynasty tmbs.(其收藏范圍從青銅器到陶器、金銀器和唐代墓葬壁畫。)"可知陜西歷史博物館有黃金制成的展品。故選A。
本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了幾個(gè)西安的旅游勝地。
閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力,要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系,對(duì)未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷;或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論,對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文,完整了解信息,準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。
4~7.【答案】A、B、D、A
【解析】(1)A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Hua Sheng and Lu Sheng,a retired Tibetan cuple,have becme trailblazers (開拓者) f grape grwing and winemaking in their ld ages. (Hua Sheng和Lu Sheng是一對(duì)退休的藏族夫婦,在晚年已成為葡萄種植和釀酒的開拓者。)"及第二段"Lu Sheng learned grape planting and winemaking frm her grandmther's sister.Since they retired,the cuple have mved t Lhasa frm the village f Yakhadi. (Lu Sheng從祖母的姐姐那里學(xué)習(xí)葡萄種植和釀酒。退休后,這對(duì)夫婦從Yakhadi村搬到了拉薩。)"可知,這對(duì)夫妻在拉薩種植葡萄并釀制葡萄酒。故選A。
(2)B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"They received supprt frm the lcal gvernment,which is cmmitted t develping business and the ecnmy.The cuple's prject prvides jbs fr rural residents,and,as a result,the gvernment has cnsidered the prject part f its pverty relief prgram. (他們得到了當(dāng)?shù)卣闹С?,?dāng)?shù)卣铝τ诎l(fā)展商業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)。這對(duì)夫婦的項(xiàng)目為農(nóng)村居民提供了就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì),因此,政府已將該項(xiàng)目視為其扶貧計(jì)劃的一部分。)"可知,因?yàn)樗麄兊捻?xiàng)目為農(nóng)村居民提供工作,雇傭當(dāng)?shù)鼐用癞?dāng)工人,所以被當(dāng)?shù)卣J(rèn)為是扶貧項(xiàng)目。故選B。
(3)D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段"Anthcyanins,which accumulate (積累) in grape cells and cntribute rich clr t wine,are water-sluble. (花青素在葡萄細(xì)胞中積累并為葡萄酒提供豐富的顏色,是水溶性的。)"可知,花青素為葡萄酒提供了豐富的顏色。故選D。
(4)A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Yudrn,a resident f Nam,said she was grateful t the grape planting prject in her village,which has cntributed t her incme and quality f life. (南村居民Yudrn說,她很感激村里的葡萄種植項(xiàng)目,該項(xiàng)目為她的收入和生活質(zhì)量做出了貢獻(xiàn)。)"可知,對(duì)于Hua Sheng和Lu Sheng的葡萄種植項(xiàng)目,Yudrn是心懷感激的。故選A。
這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述一對(duì)退休的西藏夫婦在晚年搬到拉薩城郊,他們在那里種葡萄并釀制葡萄酒,并為農(nóng)村居民提供工作,促進(jìn)了當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。
做題時(shí)要通讀全文,把握大意,然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正確的選擇。
8~11.【答案】A、D、C、B
【解析】(1)A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的"Recrds shw that Canada's First Peples used small sleds t transprt their belngings and fd between camps,Raymnd Flwer writes in The Histry f Skiing and Other Winter Sprts.(Raymnd Flwer在《滑雪和其他冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)的歷史》一書中寫道,記錄顯示,加拿大的第一批人使用小型雪橇在營地之間運(yùn)輸他們的物品和食物。)"可以推斷出,Raymnd Flwer是一位作家。故選A。
(2)D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的"Unlike the luge,where cmpetitrs ride feet-first n a sled with metal runners,the skeletn sledding is a steel sled with a slim appearance.Riders lie dwn n the sled headfirst,then drp suddenly dwn an ice track.(無舵雪橇是在金屬滑軌上,選手要先用腳滑行,而不同于無舵雪橇的是,俯式冰橇是一種外形細(xì)長的鋼制雪橇。騎手們頭朝下躺在雪橇上,然后突然從冰上滑下。)"可知,俯式雪橇與無舵雪橇的不同之處是俯式雪橇需要運(yùn)動(dòng)員在滑行時(shí)頭朝下躺在上面。故選D。
(3)C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的"The skeletn sledding was limited t the Cresta Run fr decades because ther bb runs arund the wrld were nt built fr the steel skeletn sled.(幾十年來,俯式雪橇一直局限于克雷斯塔滑道,因?yàn)槭澜缟掀渌难┣粱蓝疾皇菫殇摴羌芨┦窖┣两ㄔ斓?。?可知,俯式雪橇數(shù)十年來受限于克雷斯塔滑道是因?yàn)槠渌胤降难┣粱啦贿m合鋼架的俯式雪橇,因此限制了俯式雪橇的普及的是它的鋼骨架,故選C。
(4)B.標(biāo)題判斷題。通讀全文,尤其是第二段的"Wherever they began,sled races quickly became ppular.The famus Cresta Run,named after the Swiss twn near the base f its curse,was built in 1885 using snwbanks.The first rganized cmpetitin was in 1898,hsted by the first bbsled club in nearby St.Mritz (a city in Switzerland).It was then that sledding began t separate frm the luge t include tw new sprts:bb sledding,and skeletn sledding.(無論從哪里開始,雪橇比賽都很快變得流行起來。著名的克雷斯塔滑道,以滑道底部附近的瑞士小鎮(zhèn)命名,于1885年利用雪堆建成。第一次有組織的比賽是在1898年,由圣莫里茨(瑞士的一個(gè)城市)附近的第一個(gè)雪橇俱樂部主辦。就在那時(shí),雪橇開始從雪橇中分離出來,加入了兩項(xiàng)新的運(yùn)動(dòng):bb 雪橇和俯式雪橇。)"可知,文章介紹了雪橇運(yùn)動(dòng)在瑞士的發(fā)展,因此最好的題目是B選項(xiàng)"Hw did sledding develp in Switzerland?(滑雪橇是如何在瑞士發(fā)展起來的?)"故選B。
本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹了雪橇運(yùn)動(dòng)在瑞士的發(fā)展。
閱讀理解解題步驟:首先對(duì)原文材料迅速瀏覽,掌握全文的主旨大意,因?yàn)殚喿x理解題一般沒有標(biāo)題,所以,速讀全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速讀的過程中,應(yīng)盡可能多地捕獲信息材料;其次細(xì)讀題材,各個(gè)擊破,掌握全文的大意之后,細(xì)細(xì)閱讀每篇材料后的問題,弄清每題要求后,帶著問題,再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息,要善于抓住每段的主題句,閱讀時(shí),要有較強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性,對(duì)于捕獲到的信息,要做認(rèn)真分析,仔細(xì)推敲,理解透徹,只有這樣,針對(duì)題目要求,才能做到穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn)。
12~15.【答案】B、D、D、C
【解析】(1)B.寫作手法題。根據(jù)第二段"Accrding t the United Natins,331 millin kilgrams f plastic garbage is prduced annually arund the wrld.Rughly 60% f the estimated 9.15 billin tns f plastic prduced since the early 1950s has been taken t landfills r abandned utdrs.(據(jù)聯(lián)合國統(tǒng)計(jì),全球每年產(chǎn)生3.31億公斤塑料垃圾。自20世紀(jì)50年代初以來,估計(jì)生產(chǎn)了91.5億噸塑料,其中大約60%被送到了垃圾填埋場或被丟棄在戶外)"可知,作者引用了大量的數(shù)據(jù)去說明全球塑料垃圾的龐大數(shù)量及其處理方式,所以作者是通過列舉數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行段落安排的。故選B項(xiàng)。
(2)D.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段"Overseas,India stated in August that it plans t put a wide ban n single-use plastics this upcming summer,with the Eurpean Unin already implementing this ban.(在海外,印度8月份表示,計(jì)劃在即將到來的夏天全面禁止使用一次性塑料,歐盟已經(jīng)implementing了這一禁令)"可知,印度和歐盟都準(zhǔn)備或已經(jīng)禁止使用一次性塑料,再結(jié)合劃線后的"禁令"可知,implement的含義應(yīng)為"實(shí)施",A.lifting提升;B.prtecting保護(hù);C.ppsing反對(duì);D.perfrming實(shí)施,表演。故選D項(xiàng)。
(3)D.段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段"Seaweed cmes in a variety f species and can be harvested r farmed.Ntpla uses plants that have been farmed.Rdrig Garcia Gnzalez and Pierre Paslie,the inventrs f Ntpla,initially cnsidered seaweed as a slutin t the wrld's plastic prblem fr several reasns.Seaweed is abundant and grws quickly.Additinally it desn't cmpete with land crps and is highly favred fr its ability t remve sme waste prducts like carbn frm the atmsphere.(海藻種類繁多,可以收獲或養(yǎng)殖。Ntpla使用種植過的植物。諾普拉(Ntpla)的發(fā)明者Rdrig Garcia Gnzalez和Pierre Paslie最初認(rèn)為海藻可以解決世界塑料問題,原因有幾個(gè)。海藻豐富,生長迅速。此外,它不與土地作物競爭,并因其從大氣中清除碳等廢物的能力而備受青睞)"可知,本段主要介紹了使用海藻為原料所具備的優(yōu)勢。故選D項(xiàng)。
(4)C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"The cmpany recgnizes the difficulty f such a jb given the vlume f plastics cnsumed arund the wrld.(考慮到全球塑料消耗量,該公司承認(rèn)這一工作的難度)"可知,因?yàn)槿蛩芰舷木薮?,所以該公司認(rèn)為要完全替代一次性塑料的計(jì)劃是存在困難的。故選C項(xiàng)。
本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了Ntpla研究生產(chǎn)的以海藻為基礎(chǔ)的一次性塑料包裝替代品,介紹了其意義、可行性及前景。
做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍,做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)填寫出正確答案。
16~20.【答案】B、C、D、F、G
【解析】(1)B.語境銜接題。根據(jù)上文"True beauty is nt fund in lks.真正的美不在于外表。"可知B項(xiàng)(它源自內(nèi)在)承接上文,指出真正的美在于內(nèi)在而不在于外在,It指代的就是True beauty,故選B。
(2)C.聯(lián)系下文題。根據(jù)下文"Mirrrs tell us nly a part f what we shw t the uter wrld.G past yur reflectin and see the real self! 鏡子只能告訴我們展現(xiàn)給外部世界的一部分。別只關(guān)注你的鏡像,看看真實(shí)的自我。"可知C項(xiàng)(超越你的鏡像)正好概括這一話題,選項(xiàng)中的mirrr image 與Mirrrs一致,故選C。
(3)D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文"Eat healthy diet and be cmmitted t a daily exercise rutine.Lts f effrts are needed. 吃健康的飲食,堅(jiān)持每天鍛煉。這需要很大的努力。"可知D項(xiàng)(從長遠(yuǎn)來看,你會(huì)感覺更好)總結(jié)了這樣做的好處,故選D。
(4)F.推理判斷題。根據(jù)下文"Hwever,Serena Williams never hides her unusual muscular physique.Instead,her shwing her muscles enhances her appeal.Many fans think she is beautiful.This prves that lking beautiful and attractive ges beynd ur lks. 然而,塞雷娜威廉姆斯從不掩飾她一身不尋常的肌肉。相反,她展示她的肌肉增強(qiáng)了她的吸引力。許多粉絲認(rèn)為她很漂亮。這證明漂亮和有吸引力不僅僅是我們的外表。"可知其中表示轉(zhuǎn)折的Hwever表明此處是說人們認(rèn)為美只在于外表而忽略了通過外表體現(xiàn)出來的自信,因此F項(xiàng)(人們普遍認(rèn)為美只是一個(gè)關(guān)乎外表的問題)與下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折,從而引出下文小威通過展示別人并不認(rèn)為是"美"的肌肉來體現(xiàn)自己強(qiáng)大的自信這一例子,故選F。
(5)G.聯(lián)系下文題。根據(jù)下文"Beauty matters t all wmen,but t thse wh age beautifully,it matters neither t much nr t little. 美麗對(duì)所有女性都很重要,但對(duì)那些優(yōu)雅著老去的女性來說,這算不上什么問題,G項(xiàng)(不要害怕衰老你會(huì)變得更美麗)與之話題一致,指出女性不要害怕變老,優(yōu)雅著老去也是一種美,故選G。
本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何正確看待美的幾個(gè)方法。
七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀,和完形填空很類似,不同的是一個(gè)選詞,一個(gè)選句子。解題時(shí),要注意上下文語境,充分考慮信息詞(選項(xiàng)中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞),選出最符合語境的句子。
21~35.【答案】C、A、C、D、B、C、B、C、A、B、D、C、A、B、D
【解析】(1)C.考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.caused引起;B.frbade禁止;C.assisted幫助;D.rdered訂購。根據(jù)前文"I must admit I am nt a very gd listener."和"t becme a gd listener"可知,妻子的手術(shù)幫助作者成為好的傾聽者。故選C。
(2)A.考查名詞及語境理解。A.surgery外科手術(shù);B.accident事故;C.jke玩笑;D.accent口音。根據(jù)前文"after her trachea surgery"可知,作者妻子因?yàn)闅夤苁中g(shù)而不能說話。故選A。
(3)C.考查名詞及語境理解。A.schedules日程;B.cngratulatins祝賀;C.cmments評(píng)論,意見;D.rewards回報(bào)。根據(jù)后文"She had a pad"和"the nly way they culd__(12)____was writing their thughts and cmments dwn"可知,妻子在便箋簿上寫下自己的意見。故選C。
(4)D.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.bring令人厭煩的;B.funny可笑的;C.unsafe不安全的;D.incnvenient不方便的。根據(jù)前文"Of curse that was very slw"和常識(shí)可知,在便箋簿上寫字很不方便。故選D。
(5)B.考查動(dòng)詞短語及語境理解。A.break ff折斷;B.figure ut理解;C.pick ff摘掉;D.drp in順便拜訪。根據(jù)前文"and I culd see the grwing depressin each day"和后文"what she was thinking"可知,妻子越來越抑郁,作者必須要弄清楚妻子在想什么。故選B。
(6)C.考查副詞及語境理解。A.sincerely真誠地;B.fearfully膽怯地;C.cnstantly不斷地;D.cautiusly慎重地。根據(jù)前文"since I knew she didn't have the energy t write everything dwn"可知,因?yàn)槠拮硬荒馨岩磺卸紝懴聛?,所以作者必須不斷地設(shè)法從妻子的眼睛看世界。故選C。
(7)B.考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.wait等待;B.speak講話;C.listen聽;D.cry哭。根據(jù)前文"She culdn't talk fr almst a mnth because f the___(2)__."可知,妻子因?yàn)闅夤苁中g(shù)而不能說話。故選B。
(8)C.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.curius好奇的;B.wrried擔(dān)心的;C.particular講究的;D.crazy瘋狂的。be particular abut對(duì)……講究。根據(jù)前文"Because she culdn't write ut every wrd she wanted t speak"可知,因?yàn)椴荒馨衙恳粋€(gè)詞都寫出來,所以妻子在選詞方面特別講究。故選C。
(9)A.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.valuable有價(jià)值的;B.wild野生的;C.mature成熟的;D.fluent流利的。根據(jù)前文"she had t be mre__(8)__abut the wrds she chse."可知,因?yàn)槠拮釉谶x詞方面特別講究,所以交流變得更有價(jià)值。故選A。
(10)B.考查名詞及語境理解。A.disaster災(zāi)難;B.experience經(jīng)歷;C.crisis危機(jī);D.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)。這里指上文描述的作者妻子因氣管手術(shù)不能說話與作者用紙筆交流的經(jīng)歷。故選B。
(11)D.考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.frgt忘記;B.cmplained抱怨;C.hped希望;D.agreed同意。根據(jù)后文"the nly way they culd___(12)__was writing their thughts and cmments dwn"可知,唯一可以交流的方法是寫下自己的想法和意見,這需要兩個(gè)人同意。故選D。
(12)C.考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.receive收到;B.indicate指示;C.cmmunicate交流;D.expect期望。根據(jù)后文"writing their thughts and cmments dwn"可知,寫下自己的想法和意見是為了彼此交流。故選C。
(13)A.考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.slve解決;B.attempt嘗試;C.create創(chuàng)造;D.use使用。根據(jù)前文"I believe it wuld be incredibly gd therapy"可知,這種療法可以幫助人們解決很多問題。故選A。
(14)B.考查名詞及語境理解。A.excuses借口;B.struggles難事;C.relatins關(guān)系;D.stre商店。根據(jù)前文"I believe it wuld be incredibly gd therapy"可知,作者認(rèn)為這種方法可以解決難以處理的事情。故選B。
(15)D.考查名詞及語境理解。A.targets目標(biāo);B.cngratulatins慶祝;C.laws法律;D.rules規(guī)則。根據(jù)后文"because this experiment can be carried ut by just ne persn."可知,這種一個(gè)人也可以進(jìn)行,所以不需要同意不說話的規(guī)則。故選D。
本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者從與妻子的特殊交流方式中學(xué)會(huì)了做一個(gè)好的聆聽者。
做完形填空首先要通讀全文,了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有許多空格,所以,必須先通讀一至兩遍,才能大概了解文章的內(nèi)容。千萬不要看一句,做一句。其次要逐句分析,前后一致。答案全部填完后,再通讀一遍文章,檢查是否通順流暢,用詞得當(dāng),意思正確。
36.【答案】【小題1】published
【小題2】was cnducted
【小題3】with
【小題4】The
【小題5】largest
【小題6】ccurred
【小題7】successfully
【小題8】factrs
【小題9】where
【小題10】t achieve
【解析】(1)published.考查過去分詞。句意:《流行病學(xué)信息雜志》發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究評(píng)估了大流行對(duì)預(yù)期壽命的影響,預(yù)期壽命是評(píng)估人口健康最廣泛使用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之一。句中謂語是"was assessed",空格處是非謂語動(dòng)詞,study和publish是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,因此空格處用過去分詞published,表被動(dòng)。故填published。
(2)was cnducted.考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:這項(xiàng)研究是由牛津大學(xué)Leverhulme人口科學(xué)中心進(jìn)行的。由by可知,句子用被動(dòng)語態(tài),由上文"was assessed by a study(1)_____(publish) in the Infrmatinal Jurnal Epidemilgy"可知,這個(gè)研究是過去進(jìn)行的,因此空格處用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),即was/were dne,主語"The study"是單數(shù),因此空格處是was cnducted。故填was cnducted。
(3)with.考查介詞。句意:研究顯示,與2015年相比,來自15個(gè)國家的女性和10個(gè)國家的男性在出生時(shí)的預(yù)期壽命較低。"end up with"是固定短語,意為"以……而結(jié)束/告終",因此空格處是介詞with。故填with。
(4)The.考查定冠詞。句意:然而,在大多數(shù)國家,預(yù)期壽命下降最大的是男性,而不是女性。"biggest"是最高級(jí),前面用定冠詞the,位于句首,首字母大寫,故填The。
(5)largest.考查形容詞最高級(jí)。句意:立陶宛男性的預(yù)期壽命受到的影響排名第二,減少了1.7年。"the secnd"后跟最高級(jí),large的最高級(jí)是largest,"the secnd largest"意為"第二大",故填largest。
(6)ccurred.考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意:該研究分析的29個(gè)國家中,有27個(gè)國家的預(yù)期壽命整體下降。通篇時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí),空格處用過去式ccurred。故填ccurred。
(7)successfully.考查副詞。句意:研究稱,只有丹麥和挪威的男性和女性以及芬蘭的女性成功避免了預(yù)期壽命下降??崭裉幱酶痹~修飾動(dòng)詞avid,successful的副詞是successfully,意為"成功地"。故填successfully。
(8)factrs.考查可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意:這些國家的非藥物干預(yù)措施和強(qiáng)大的衛(wèi)生保健系統(tǒng)被列為有助于解釋這一現(xiàn)象的因素。"Nn-pharmaceutical interventins and strng healthcare systems"是復(fù)數(shù),因此空格處用復(fù)數(shù)factrs。故填factrs。
(9)where.考查定語從句。句意:所有預(yù)期壽命下降的國家平均都花了5,6年的時(shí)間。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,"life expectancy drpped"是定語從句,先行詞cuntries是地方,在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,因此空格處用關(guān)系副詞where。故填where。
(10)t achieve.考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意:所有預(yù)期壽命下降的國家平均都花了5,6年的時(shí)間。"it takes/tk sb.sme time t d"是固定短語,意為"某人花了一些時(shí)間做這件事",其中it是形式主語,真正的主語是不定式,空格處所在句子是此固定短語的變形,因此空格處用不定式t achieve,故填t achieve。
本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)---疫情使人的預(yù)期壽命下降。
做本題的關(guān)鍵是在理解短文的基礎(chǔ)上,靈活運(yùn)用所學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。本類型的題目常考到的知識(shí)點(diǎn)有:固定的短語,詞類的轉(zhuǎn)換,名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,副詞以及祈使句的用法等。因此,這就需要在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中,牢固掌握各語言點(diǎn)及一些語法知識(shí)。
37.【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I'm Li Hua,a senir 3 student.I have learned that vlunteers fr the freigners frm Britain are needed.【高分句型一】I am writing t apply fr this psitin.(申請(qǐng)?jiān)颍?
I d believe that I am qualified fr the jb.Firstly,I have an extensive knwledge f ur schl's histry and culture.Besides,I have a gd cmmand f English,making it easy fr me t cmmunicate with freign guests freely.【高分句型二】Mre imprtantly,I have been invlved in a gd deal f receptin wrk.(你的優(yōu)勢和相關(guān)經(jīng)歷)
Thanks fr yur time and cnsideratin.I wuld appreciate it if I culd be chsen fr this jb.(表達(dá)感激)
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一:I have learned that vlunteers fr the freigners frm Britain are needed.
翻譯:我了解到來自英國的外國人需要志愿者。
分析:本句使用了that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
高分句型二:Besides,I have a gd cmmand f English,making it easy fr me t cmmunicate with freign guests freely.
翻譯:此外,我的英語很好,這使我很容易與外賓自由交流。
分析:本句使用了現(xiàn)在分詞短語making it easy fr me t cmmunicate with freign guests freely作結(jié)果狀語。
提綱作文在寫作時(shí)要注意內(nèi)容是否包含了所有要點(diǎn)。寫作時(shí)注意準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用時(shí)態(tài),上下文意思連貫,符合邏輯關(guān)系,盡量使用自己熟悉的單詞句式,同時(shí)也要注意使用高級(jí)詞匯和高級(jí)句型使文章顯得更有檔次,平時(shí)需注意積累短語和重要句型。
38.【答案】As I was driving hme,I tld myself that I wuld call my wn parents.I had nt cntacted them fr almst a mnth and my cnscience bit me.I had always thught that I had s much wrk t d and culdn't spare enugh time t visit them.【高分句型一】They had devted mst f their time t lking after me fr a gd part f their lives.I was sbbing terribly all the way hme,ashamed f my neglect.Maybe they were suffering frm the same scene as my neighbrs.(作者想起自己許久沒有聯(lián)系的父母以及心理的感悟)
Mr.Lim was discharged(準(zhǔn)許離開)frm the hspital after ten days.He made a speedy recvery.Apart frm his unclear speech,he appeared healthy and happy a mnth after the incident.I didn't knw whether they had cntacted with their sn,but what I tk frm the incident helped me a lt. 【高分句型二】The incident has helped me t knw what is imprtant t me.It has als made me realize that when we give a helping hand t thse wh need ur assistance,the wrld will be a better place t live in.(林先生康復(fù)以及作者的感悟)
【解析】本文以人物為線索展開,講述了作者在幫助中風(fēng)的老鄰居時(shí),知道他們的孩子不能及時(shí)聯(lián)系上,不能來照顧生病的父母時(shí),鄰居非常痛苦,從而想到自己也已經(jīng)很久沒有與父母聯(lián)系了,因而受到啟發(fā),讓自己懂得了生活中什么更重要的,以及助人為樂讓世界更美好的故事。
高分句型一:I had always thught that I had s much wrk t d and culdn't spare enugh time t visit them.
翻譯:我一直認(rèn)為我有很多工作要做,沒有足夠的時(shí)間去拜訪他們。
分析:本句運(yùn)用了that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
高分句型二:I didn't knw whether they had cntacted with their sn,but what I tk frm the incident helped me a lt.
翻譯:我不知道他們是否聯(lián)系過他們的兒子,但我從這件事中得到的幫助很大。
分析:本句運(yùn)用了whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句,what引導(dǎo)主語從句。
解題方法點(diǎn)撥
(1)品讀原文,確定文章線索
每篇文章都有各自獨(dú)特的寫作思路,通過精讀文章,找到該篇文章的寫作線索。如是以時(shí)間為線索還是以空間為線索等這樣有利于考生"順藤摸瓜(結(jié)尾)"。
(2)仔細(xì)審題,明確續(xù)寫要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有對(duì)此次短文續(xù)寫的具體要求,如詞數(shù)限制使用幾處標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語。續(xù)寫段落的首句提示,這樣考生可以做到"心中有數(shù)"。
(3)回扣原文,揣摩續(xù)寫思路
根據(jù)文章后面的要求,再次快速閱讀短文,抓住文章的思路結(jié)合段首的提示語最終確定續(xù)寫段落的思路。同時(shí)結(jié)合文章畫線詞語提示,確定續(xù)寫段落的內(nèi)容。
(4)擬寫草稿,修改錯(cuò)詞病句
在確定了思路和內(nèi)容之后,最關(guān)鍵的就是結(jié)合提示語或者文中畫線的關(guān)鍵詞擬寫草稿。擬寫時(shí),注意句子結(jié)構(gòu)的多樣性,語言的豐富性,并通過句與句之間連接詞的正確使用,使上下文連貫。
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